Coffee with Samso: Recent Episodes

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This is Coffee with Samso.  Samso will have a coffee with someone about something that is interesting and from a different perspective in business.  It is a simple coffee conversation with no formalisation of style.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 204 is all about Lupins and Lupin Protein Isolate. Coupled with the favourable growing climate in Western Australia, Wide Open Agriculture Limited (ASX:WOA) could become a major player in a billion-dollar market. The Wide Open Agriculture came across my screen about two weeks ago, and it caught my attention because I was doing content on superfoods and came across the benefits of lupins in 2019.

While I was doing research over time, the share price of the company started to move, and in fact, on the day I was talking to Yazi Zhan, the Non Executive Chair of WOA, about making an appearance on Coffee with Samso, she was in the middle of dealing with her company's share price going for a run to a high of AUD $0.029, from the previous trade of AUD $0.016.

In today's episode of Coffee with Samso, we are talking to Yazi Zhan, who knows this business intimately and will give us a good insight into firstly the benefits of Lupin and Lupin Protein Isolate, followed by what I think could make WOA a global player in the highly sought-after plant-based nutrition business.

The Business of Wide Open Agriculture Limited. Wide Open Agriculture Limited (ASX: WOA) is planning to be in the global plant-based protein sector, thanks to its proprietary technology that unlocks the full potential of lupins—a high-protein, regenerative legume native to Australia. As the exclusive holder of intellectual property for extracting lupin protein isolate, the company is positioning itself at the forefront of the clean-label, sustainable food movement.

At the heart of this innovation is BUTINE PROTEIN, Wide Open Agriculture’s signature lupin protein isolate. Clean, allergen-friendly, and remarkably versatile, BUTINE PROTEIN offers a powerful alternative to soy and pea proteins, catering to the fast-growing demand for ethical and environmentally responsible nutrition.

With this cutting-edge IP and a focus on regenerative farming, Wide Open Agriculture is not just producing protein—it’s pioneering a smarter, greener way to feed the world.

Chapters: 00:00 Start

00:09 Introduction

03:30 Who is Yaxi Zhan?

05:18 History of WOA?

08:28 Discussion about Lupin

15:06 Lupin Isolate

17:20 Importance of the China Market Approval

20:47 How does WOA protect its Core Business?

25:36 Limitations of Growing Lupin Gives Australia a Natural Advantage.

26:42 Types of Lupin

28:30 Competitors?

30:52 Market size for Lupin

36:50 What are the business triggers for WOA?

38:50 Funding strategy

40:05 Takeaway

40:43 News flow

41:37 Conclusion

About Yaxi Zhan Yaxi is Mongolian Chinese and has called Perth home since 2004. In under 12 years, she transformed her career from a finance professional into a mining executive. With a strong background in business development, mergers and acquisitions, and cross-border transactions, Yaxi founded Accelerate Resources—an ASX-listed resource company—and served as its Managing Director from 2017 to 2024.

Most recently, she has taken on an exciting new challenge as Chairman of Wide Open Agriculture, where she is leading the company’s growth strategy.

About Wide Open Agriculture Limited At Wide Open Agriculture, our mission is to create a range of great-tasting and high-performing plant protein ingredients.

We are focused on developing high-performance lupin proteins that improve outcomes for:

  • Customers
  • Food Manufacturers
  • Farmers

We see a global movement for greater inclusion of plant proteins in daily diets. We also see compromises in existing offerings and believe that there are better alternatives. By developing better end markets, we see plant proteins as a positive force for change in the agriculture industry, where lupins can play a key part in reducing emissions and improving agricultural systems.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 203 may well be one of the best ASX small-cap resource business in 2025, that is largely unknown to the general investing community. The Cyclone Metals Limited (ASX:CLE) is about the pedigree of the Iron Bear magnetite project. In Australia, the general ASX punter thinks of iron ore as haematite are greater than 62% Fe, but there is a new sheriff in town and he is called Magnetite. Where can you find a mineral resource business that is owned by a small cap junior with a market capitalisation of less than AUD $50M that has funding all the way through to mining and processing the high-grade iron pellets. Just remember that Cyclone Metals was a AUD $10M market cap company when it started the journey.

The transitioning from haematite to magnetite in the iron ore industry is happening and it is largely driven by the depleting of high-grade haematite iron ore. - Paul Berend In this episode of Coffee with Samso we are talking to Paul Berend, Executive Director and CEO of Cyclone Metals Limited (ASX:CLE). Cyclone is a fascinating story of a junior aspiring to be a producer with a major, VALE, partnering with funding. A space in which most juniors would be struggling to find funding, CLE has a big brother taking care of all the bills.

The Business of Cyclone Metals Limited. The steel producing industry is transitioning to low emission and the process of Direct Reduction (DR) steel production is the solution to a global reduction in emission for the typically high carbon emission business. . Direct Reduction steel production requires iron pellets that are very low in impurities and this is directly controlled by the quality of the source material.

As Paul Berend explains,

....not all magnetite deposits are suitable for Direct Reduction Pellets which is why the Iron Bear deposit is perfectly aligned to allow this process to be achieved. Recent work by Cyclone Metals Limited has shown that the use of Direct Reduction on iron ore from Iron Bear can create iron pellets above 71% Fe content. According to Paul Berend, this is a very unique feature of the ore body. A feature that is not seen in many other iron ore resources and that includes those at Champion Iron.

One statement that Paul proudly points out in the Coffee with Samso, and that is,

The quality and the size of the Iron Bear Deposit moved the needled for VALE to take a position with Cyclone Metals. This is a great conversation with Paul Berend as he explains the story of Cyclone Metals clearly and in great details.

Chapters: 00:00 Start.

00:08 Introduction.

04:10 Who is Paul Berend?

05:24 The Magnetite Story - Why Have We Not Embraced it Yet?

08:44 Transition of Value from Haematite to Magnetite.

09:41 Carbon Footprint of Magnetite.

10:07 Rise of Magnetite Projects?

10:33 Depletion of Brazilian High-Grade Iron Ores -The Reason why VALE is in CLE.

10:51 Importance of Direct Reduction (DR) Steel Production.

11:57 Only Way to Make Direct Reduction Steel - Premium of DR Pellets.

13:05 DR Pellet Market Comparison.

13:48 How Do You Make Direct Reduction Pellets.

15:14 Reason Why DR Pellet Production is Rare.

15:47 Comparison of Low Impurity Iron Deposits.

16:30 DR Player requires an ABILLITY To Reduce Impurities.

18:01 How much of the Current Resource will transition to Reserve Status.

19:08 Iron bear is a Low Stripping Ration deposit.

19:30 Metallurgy Will Increase the Economics of Iron Bear.

21:30 What is the main Business of Cyclone Metals ? Is it DR Production?

22:26 Is Iron Bear DR Capabilities why Vale is interested?

23:18 Iron Bear can supply high-grade iron ore all the way to DR levels.

25:07 How Did the Agreement with Vale Evolve ?

26:55 How important was the 10M ?

28:30 Earning a Mandate to Operate Socially.

29:25 Importance of the First Nations Conversations.

32:12 How Important is the relationship with First Nation Groups.

33:42 The Reasons why Vale could be the Reason for Success for Iron Bear.

36:24 Potentially One Technical Challenge for Iron Bear - Dry Tailings.

37:34 The Importance of Earning a Mandate To Operate

39:07 Twitter Shareholder Questions

39:27 Will the Trump Tariffs affect the Iron bear Business?

40:48 The Vison of Iron Bear - It is a Bigger project than Champion Iron.

41:58 Reducing the Carbon Footprint of a Manufacturing Hub in Northern America.

43:25 How much is the resource expected to be built up to?

43:58 Iron Bear is a Premium Magnetite project.

45:15 What cost will the hydroelectric power cost us per kilowatt?

46:51 Green Energy Narration - Magnetite Naturally Reduces Carbon Emission.

49:48 Discussion on iron ore prices.

54:23 Why is CLE still at 50M?

55:21 Why is the a feeling of disbelief in the Cyclone story?

58:02 The misunderstanding of the Iron Ore industry.

01:00:54 Takeaway.

01:01:18 Conclusion.

About Paul Berend Paul Berend brings over 25 years of leadership experience in the iron ore and steel industries, gained across blue-chip corporations and junior mining ventures. His corporate background includes senior roles such as GM Corporate Strategy at ArcelorMittal, GM Business Development at Rio Tinto Iron Ore and Director Australasia at Hatch.

Paul is a passionate mining entrepreneur and was a founder and historic CEO of Trans-Tasman Resources Ltd (a titano-magnetite project in New Zealand ASX: MKR) and has played a key role in a number of private early-stage exploration ventures.

In addition to his entrepreneurial work, Paul has a successful track record in turning around distressed producing mines and steel mills in difficult jurisdiction including Australia, PNG, Europe, GCC and Africa . He is a trusted advisor for Tier one natural resource companies, supporting operational, organisational and growth strategies. In this capacity, Paul’s previous employers include McKinsey& Company and Partners in Performance.

Paul has an MBA from HEC (Paris, France), a MSc and DEA (~PhD) in chemical process design and chemistry from ENSIC (Nancy, France), a bachelor’s in applied mathematics and algebra from Harvard University (Cambridge, USA) and is a Graduate of the Australian Institute of Company Directors. He speaks native and English and French as well as professional German.

About Cyclone Metals Limited Cyclone Metals owns and operates the Iron Bear magnetite iron ore project, formerly known as the Block 103 Project.

The Iron Bear Project consists of ten licenses totalling 7,275 ha on 291 graticular Mineral Claims under the applicable Labrador and Newfoundland mining regulation, located near the Provincial border of Newfoundland and Labrador (NL) and Quebec (QC), approximately 30 km northwest of the town of Schefferville, QC and 1,200 km by air northeast of Montréal, QC.

The Iron Bear properties are located within 25 km of an open access heavy haul railway which is directly connected to the Sept Isles and Pointe Noire iron ore export ports. In addition, the Iron Bear has potential access to cheap renewable energy from the Menihek hydro-plant located 75km away. These two factors substantially improve the prospects for eventual economic extraction of the Iron Bear mineral resource.

Notably, large scale iron ore export operations currently operate in the Labrador Trough; including IOC (Rio Tinto), Champion Iron and Tata Steel; all sharing the same rail and port infrastructure.

Highlights: * World Class Iron Ore Project: Mineral resource of 16.6 billion tonnes containing 29.3% total Fe and 18.2% magnetic Fe, cut-off grade 12.5% magnetic Fe. * Low OPEX: Estimated OPEX of USD 35.6/t3 FOB Pointe Noire for blast furnace concentrate due to access to low-cost hydropower * Strategic Tier 1 Asset: Iron ore asset with flexible development scenarios and the potential to ramp up production to over 100 Mta * Mining Friendly Jurisdiction and Proximity to Infrastructure: Iron Bear located in Canada, less than 25km from an open access heavy haul railway with proximity to low cost to hydro-power * High Quality Product: Production of high quality magnetite concentrate grading 71,3% Fe and 1.1% SiO2 in industrial pilot plant * Fast Track Project Development: Underpinned by the supply of bulk samples of DR and BF concentrates to mill clients by Q2 2024

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Coffee with Samso Episode 202 brings retail investors into an ASX company that may have the potential to become a multi-bagger investment. The LCL Resource Limited (ASX:LCL) story is one that will resonate with many retail small cap investors. A low market capitalisation of AUD $10M and an inferred gold resource of 831,000 ounces in a booming gold market where drilling results are being rewarded. LCL is not a stranger to the Samso platform, with "Los Cerros Limited (ASX: LCL) - A High-Grade Gold Porphyry Story in Colombia" published on 29th October 2021 and a Samso Insight written and published on 15th February 2022 entitled "Good Geology Never Disappoints - Los Cerros Limited (ASX: LCL) Colombian Style."

The story changed to a Papua New Guinea focus recently, and on 25th November 2022, LCl released "Company acquires multiple PNG copper, nickel, gold targets" which was the entry into Papua New Guinea.

Management Change Management and Board changes (Board Changes) within the company will bring much needed youth and energy into the LCL Resources, which, in my opinion, is why I am having a conversation on Coffee with Samso with Christopher Van Wijk, the Executive Chair of the company.

LCL was in a transaction to sell the Columbian assets but as I have realised, that resolution was voted down by shareholders. Whether this decision in hindsight turns out to be the correct decision will be known soon. Could it be sold to a higher bidder as the gold sentiment rise will be something to ponder about at that time. What is more interesting for me is the current direction for the company with new management.

The Project The Kusi project is a good start for the company with the inferred resource of 831,000 ounces of gold. The future of the project sounds like there are a lot of positives. Papua New Guinea is a haven for projects that are company makers. There are multi-million ounces of gold in the region that will be nectar to honey for LCL Resources.

Coffee with Samso This is one of those conversations where I learnt a lot about my guest and the company story. Christopher Van Wijk gave me the impression that he has come into LCl with a mission to take this AUD $10M market cap to greater heights. His energy and the, as a matter of fact, tone of discussion give me confidence they have the right jockey.

The next question is what the horse is like, and the rest of the team is able to do with the current project. As a matter of funding, I think that the fact that there are high-net-worth individuals backing this vehicle is a very good addition to the story.

Chapters: 00:00 Start

00:08 Introduction

03:26 Who is Chris van Wijk?

04:18 Updates on the Columbian Project

06:18 The KUSI Project

07:39 Any jurisdiction issues?

09:25 Confidence in gold project

11:50 What can investors look forward to?

13:40 Discussion on funding

17:05 Takeaway

17:35 What can investors look forward to in terms of exploration activities?

20:11 Conclusion

About Christopher Van Wijk Chris is a seasoned geologist with expertise in project evaluation and generation. He possesses extensive experience in base metal and gold exploration across Africa, Europe, the Americas, and Australia.

Chris has also managed joint ventures and evaluated projects for leading mining companies such as BHP, IAMGOLD, First Quantum Minerals, and Fortescue Metals Group.

He holds a Master of Science in Ore Deposit Geology from the University of Western Australia and is a member of the AUSIMM.

About LCL Resources Limited LCL, incorporated in Australia, is an ASX listed exploration and mining company. The Company holds ~3890Km2 of exploration titles in 5 regions of Papua New Guinea, prospective for copper, gold and nickel.

The Company also holds a dominant position within the Quinchia region of the Mid-Cauca Gold Belt of Colombia. The Company is actively exploring in PNG while the 100% owned, 10,500 ha Quinchia Gold Project (2.6Moz @ 1g/t) in Colombia progresses through early stage feasibility related studies..

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Coffee with Samso Episode 201 is all about looking at a mineral explorer to ride the current market excitement for mineral resource discoveries. There is a visible and coherent bullish shift with investors within the mineral exploration sector of the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX). The E79 Gold Mines Limited (AIM:E79) story is being reviewed as it is primed for potential discovery, and now cashed up. I have known about E79 and was reminded when they were the beneficiary of a nearology play with Kalgoorlie Gold Mining Limited announcing results from their Lighthorse project. E79 was the beneficiary as they share tenement boundaries (Figure 1).

One of the most important aspects of trying to understand this industry is to know that as retail investors, we are never going to know the real ins and outs of the company. On most occasions, we are the last and the "insiders," or what I term the "Purple Circle", are always looking at the retail market as the driver of rising pricing and the bag to hold when they leave. Hence, to negate some of the heartache, I prescribe the need to know the two critical points: one is management and the viability of the projects being promoted, and the other is the potential economic discovery within the project.

Let me try and break this down without writing a book about it.

Management I cannot stress enough the need to know the style and content of management in place. For the majority of retail investors, who are not from the industry, it is hard to know who is who. What many people rely on is being told who they are, and not knowing the main players with some degree of intimacy.

The problem with second-hand knowledge is that you don't know how far that knowledge came from by the time it got to your ears. I have compiled a small list of things to ask or to DYOR for readers to chew on:

  1. Ability to raise money: Are they connected and have the records to show this? This is a very important ability.
  2. Are they the type of management that wants to make an economic discovery? I stress the term economic, which indicates a real effort in terms of spending money and having the right team.
  3. Are management looking for an economic discovery, or are they looking for a discovery to create share price stimulation? This is not a bad thing, but knowing this will help you from rushing in and taking a wait-and-see approach.
  4. The person who is known for the "Midas Touch," now this is a no brainer and in some ways, this kind of management is the easiest. Put your money in and then go do your day job. The only drawback is that these guys can take a long time, and I mean multiple years as they normally work on their schedule and not yours :-)

Similarly, they may have a stronger holding power than you and hence, if you are forced to hold longer than you can, you may miss out.

I am sure there are many other characteristics to be aware of, but those are normally the ones I look for before jumping into any stocks.

The Project It is sufficient to say that the promoters of these companies have the same motivation as all investors, and that is making money. Retail investors like me are all about making sure we are not taken in by the promotion, that we forget there is a need to sell, and making sure we have the holding power to stay in the game.

In my opinion, when we look at the projects being promoted, we need to simply think of two parts. If the main story is about making an economic discovery, is the project, technically, able to give it a good go, or do I think that the chances are low and the risk great? This normally requires a higher level of research and at most times, it's difficult to have an absolute answer. Fortunately for me, with 3 decades of experience, it's a lot easier to break all those points down. For those not in the industry, I have to admit, it's not easy.

If the project appears to be lacking in substance, then you would have to assume that management is looking for something else and this is a holding pattern. It's kind of what we call, "Let's Join The Club First.".

Coffee with Samso Today, it's all about E79 Gold Mines Limited and Ned Summerhayes. As I have mentioned, I know the management relatively well, and I do believe that they are looking for an economic discovery, and I am pretty sure they are also looking for a better project to come along. They will take their time while they slowly work on their projects.

Chapters: 00:00 Start

03:29 Who is Ned Summerhayes?

04:20 What it's like working with the board members?

05:50 The Neurology Factor factor?

08:19 Has the market changed to being a Bull?

10:46 E79 projects set up by Ramelius consolidation.

12:37 What is the strategy for E79 at the Lighthorse region?

17:27 The Mountain Home Project

26:02 How should corporate manage shareholder expectations?

29:01 Is the market still tight for funding?

34:10 Last comments

34:47 Conclusion

About Ned Summerhayes Edward (Ned) Summerhayes has completed a Master's of Economic Geology from the University of Tasmania. Ned has more than 15 years’ experience in Mineral Exploration, primarily in Western Australia.

Ned’s most recent role was with Black Cat Syndicate as Exploration Manager, having both corporate responsibilities and directing technical programmes. Ned was responsible for all site personnel, stakeholder management, reporting and compliance, as well as reviewing and recommending strategic acquisitions.

About E79 Gold Mines Limited E79 Gold Mines Limited is an Australian gold and copper exploration company which has approximately 1,838km2 of highly prospective ground in two proven gold producing greenstone belts in the Western Australian Goldfields and a project within the McArthur Basin of the Northern Territory.

Mission

To discover gold and develop sustainable operations whilst acting responsibly towards the environment and all stakeholders

Statement of Values

E79’s vision is to create significant value for Shareholders through good science and applied exploration with a strong culture of operating ethically and responsibly.

  • To respect the cultures, customs, and values of all Stakeholders, including employees, contractors, suppliers, Traditional Owners, pastoralists, and the community.
  • At all times conduct ourselves with integrity, honesty, and transparency.
  • Encourage an enjoyable and safe workplace based on technical excellence, teamwork, collaboration, and diversity.
  • Seek to protect the environment and enrich the communities in which we work.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 200 is a David and Goliath story that could be a second chance for those investors who felt they missed out on past opportunities. The Greatland Gold Plc (AIM: GGP) is the classic case of the need to understand the content of management and the technical aspects of a mineral resource project. Like all investment partitioners, their main challenge is hearing fellow participants overlook the essential elements of comprehending and applying the principles of First Principal's business.

I have been in the industry since 1992, and over the past three decades, I've learnt that understanding the sector requires insights from a geologist's perspective, an investor's viewpoint, and those who influence the markets, such as stakeholders (brokers, major investors, and vendors of the company and projects).

It's crucial to gather wisdom from experienced individuals and recognise that no two operations, projects, mineral orebodies, or extraction methods are identical. This is evident in the many success stories that have emerged from so-called "unloved" and "impossible" projects that seemed doomed from the start.

The list of companies that have been created from these unloved "investment concepts" or the "too Small for Majors" are clearly exemplified recently by the following list below;

  1. Northern Star Resources Limited (ASX: NST),
  2. Spartan Resources Limited (ASX: SPR),
  3. Genesis Minerals Limited (ASX: GMD),
  4. Westgold Resources Limited (ASX: WGX),
  5. Gold Road Resources Limited (ASX: GOR),

There are numerous others to include on that list, and the surprising fact is that ASX retail investors are slow to invest in these stocks. The issue for these investors is that by the time these stocks gain attention, the capital appreciation for their type of portfolio has decreased, leaving opportunities to institutions and more "sophisticated" investors seeking consistent income generation.

Why do I still see Greatland Gold Plc as a viable Proposition for the Retail Investor? Firstly, they are largely unknown to the sector. Currently, they have an AUD $2B market capitalisation hidden on the London Stock Exchange AIM Market platform. If you click on that link, you will see the unimpressive on the London Stock Exchange. What is an AUD billion dollar company hidden in this nature?

The answer to that question is one of the first points I make in the Coffee with Samso with Shaun Day, the Managing Director of Greatland Gold. The company is an overnight success that has taken a decade of hard work and sweaty rattling of the tin to keep the doors from shutting.

This episode of Coffee with Samso is a perfect companion to our first story on Greatland Gold we published on July 2, 2022, entitled "The Havieron Gold - Copper Discovery in Patterson Range, Western Australia". That was now almost 3 years ago, and today, they are a fully fledged miner with the words "Undervalued- Underrated" written all over the story.

For those who felt that they have not caught a good investment in a raging bull gold market that seems to have no short-term end, especially in Australian dollars. This will have to be a must-see Coffee with Samso before you begin your process of DYOR.

I cannot emphasise the need to spend good quality time to DYOR for Greatland Gold, which is still not listed on the ASX. That will come in June, so better get your knee pads from Bunnings and start resorting to begging, as I am 100 percent sure there will be limited shares available to the common man when their IPO comes around.

Chapters: 01:28 Start

02:34 Who is Shaun Day?

03:45 How did Greatland buy back the assets?

05:39 Composition of the acquisition price paid by Greatland Gold.

07:34 Significance of Havieron being next to Telfer

09:04 Where is the uplift of Telfer and Havieron for Greatland Gold.

10:31 Reason for the cost of Telfer

13:14 An explanation to the concept of Vertical Ounce?

15:20 Breaking down the potential value of the Telfer Operations.

20:05 The size of the processing capabilities of the Telfer/Havieron Operations.

25:33 Thoughts on the future of mining costs

28:33 Hemi vs Havieron

31:17 What is the status of the ASX Listing ?

39:11 Tungsten deposit

46:57 Takeaway from the Greatland story

50:27 Closing remarks

52:15 Conclusion

About Shaun Day Shaun is Managing Director of Greatland Gold plc. Shaun has over 25 years of experience in executive and commercial roles across mining, infrastructure and investment banking.

Prior to joining the Company, Shaun was Chief Financial Officer of Northern Star Resources Limited, an ASX100 company and a global-scale Australian gold producer.

Prior to this, Shaun was Chief Financial Officer of SGX-listed Sakari Resources Plc, which operated multiple mines ahead of its takeover. Shaun is a Non-executive Chairman of Blue Ocean Monitoring Limited and a member of the Senate of the University of Western Australia.

About Greatland Gold Greatland’s operating asset is its 100%-owned Telfer gold-copper mine, one of Australia’s largest gold-copper mining complexes with significant established processing and infrastructure.

Greatland’s development asset is its 100% owned Havieron development project, a high-grade gold-copper deposit located 45km west of Telfer that will utilise the Telfer infrastructure to process Havieron ore.

In addition to Telfer and Havieron, Greatland holds interests in a significant exploration portfolio, the focus of which is the relatively underexplored surrounding Paterson Province. Ownership of the Telfer infrastructure greatly enhances the potential value of exploration success in Greatland’s Paterson exploration portfolio.

Strategy of Greatland Gold

Greatland aspires to become a profitable multi-mine resources company by focusing on the responsible and sustainable discovery, development, extraction, processing and sale of precious and base metals.

Greatland’s strategy to achieve this growth is built on four horizons:

  1. Profitable operation of the Telfer gold-copper mine and pursuit of Telfer mine life extension;
  2. Continued advancement of the world-class Havieron gold-copper project through to production;
  3. Exploration to identify new precious and base metals deposits, with a focus on the Paterson Province surrounding Telfer; and
  4. Disciplined assessment and, where compelling, pursuit of new investment and acquisition opportunities in the resources sector.

Greatland has assembled a highly experienced team that is committed to delivering our growth strategy. The senior team is supported by a Board with extensive expertise and experience in the global resources sector. Greatland’s leadership team has a track record of success and value creation for shareholders.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 199 is all about the meaning of Critical Minerals for Australia. Are we spending the right amount of money? The low-emission world loves these two words and in resource-rich Australia where we are world leaders in supplying the feedstock for the world, are we sheep or should we start to be smarter with our fund allocation? Should we play our own game and be one controlling the weather and be smart with our resources? Should we be asking, are all metals critical and who are the beneficiaries of the critical nature of these metals? Should Australia be a more important part of the future Clean Energy Revolution?

In today's episode, we talk to a man who gives us thoughts to ponder and maybe actions to take. Are all metals critical and what does critical mean? Should we look at the real meaning and outcome of the term Critical Metals?

Tim Craske is here because I read his abstract for the recent AUSIMM Conference on Critical Minerals.

Australia’s list of critical minerals all occur in abundance. As a nation of suppliers of raw materials, are these metals critical at all for Australians? Or are they just critical for the commodity markets that we deliver into?

As we have seen recently with external pressures on commodity prices, lithium and nickel can be critical EV battery components yet be subject to more cyclical price volatility than major metals.

This makes Australian scoping and feasibility studies fragile, and investors nervous.

According to Tim, by taking a complex-systems thinking approach to modelling these new resources, we can have better outcomes. However, a systems-thinking approach will only be truly transformational if we develop downstream processing and manufacturing industries here in Australia.

This is described by CSIRO as a “once-in-a-lifetime opportunity” to reinvigorate our manufacturing and technology sectors.

Get yourself a coffee or your favourite beverage and watch or listen and see if Tim Craske makes any sense: Chapters: 00:00 Start.

04:00 Introduction.

04:46 All about Tim Craske.

07:11 Did Western Mining influence your thinking today ?

09:38 What does Critical Metals mean to Tim Craske?

10:39 Australia List of Critical Metals is too long.

11:54 The problem with the Critical Metals List - Everything is not Critical.

12:27 The One and Only Critical Metal - Copper.

13:09 Is Coal a Critical Metal?

13:42 The UK Coking Coal Public Impression.

15:07 The Disconnect of the Carbon Footprint Discussion.

16:07 Changing Lithium Story.

16:42 Why Australia should recreate the Iluka Anomaly

17:10 Understanding the Long Term Marginal Lithium Market

18:55 Should Australia adopt an Indonesian model of investing a Downstream Process.

20:59 What is Australia willing to do to compete?

21:27 Do you think the recent discussion of banning "Dirty" nickel could happen?

22:40 An Example Why Banning "Dirty" Nickel will not work.

24:30 What should Australia be focusing on?

26:11 Understanding the China - Chinese Competitive Business Strategy.

27:24 Why does ASEAN embrace China and the West have an Anti-Chinese Perception?

29:48 Is there a colonisation concept being played out in the Critical Metals Story?

31:08 Where should Australia focus on with Critical Metals?

33:37 Mining of Copper is not that Green.

34:27 Nett Zero Emission.

35:30 Is Zero Emission a Fantasy.

36:48 The Indonesian Nickel Business

38:00 What would Nuclear Power do for the Australian Mining Industry.

38:35 Should Australia chase Tier 1 projects for sustainability of the industry?

40:53 The Power of Tier 1 deposits.

41:57 The Need for Governments to be more Understanding on Process of Mining.

42:35 Can Small Explorers explore for Tier 1 Deposits?

44:02 The lack of New Mines.

45:34 Raising money from the market to Test Geological Concepts is hard.

47:06 Can Australia develop a Downstream Resource Industry.

51:05 Difficulties of the REE Industry.

51:53 What could Spark a Mineral Exploration Bull run.

54:26 China needs the Critical Metals more than anyone else.

55:09 Understanding The Chinese Thinking.

55:40 The Government Loan is a Red Hearing.

56:30 The Dangers for the Mining Industry in regards to the way we treat Critical Metals.

57:12 Tim Last Words.

59:22 What Weather will do to Solar and Wind Farms.

59:54 The Nuclear Solution.

1:00:33 Conclusion.

About Tim Craske * Tim Craske is a skilled and successful mineral explorer and mentor with over 40 years’ experience in project generation, exploration management and technical innovation gained in Australia, North and South America, Asia and East Africa. * He spent his first 20 years with WMC Resources during which he discovered the Ernest Henry and E1 iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) deposits in the Cloncurry district, northwest Queensland. He was also involved in the targeting of the West Musgraves province for copper and nickel pegging the core licences on which all the deposits (Nebo, Babel and Succoth) have been found. * Since leaving WMC Tim has worked in both the junior and major company sectors including Exploration Manager for Sirius Resources up to the establishing of Nova as a prime prospect * General Manager Exploration Consulting at Vale and Exploration Manager - New Commodities at Iluka Resources. * Tim Craske is Managing Director and Chief Facilitator for Thinker.Events and also a director of Thinkercafé.org that specialises in developing innovative thinkers, thinking organisations, and disruptive technology solutions for industry, education and government sectors.

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Coffee with Samso, Episode 198, brings a new perspective to the Coffee with Samso conversations. In this first episode we bring a delve into the thoughts of Allan Kelly, Executive Chair of Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R). The life of an executive in the small mineral exploration is busy and stressful. Those that are out there trying to make an economic discovery are constantly under the spotlight. . In my five years of establishing the Coffee with Samso series, Allan Kelly strikes to me a a true mineral explorationist. To those that have followed the Samso journey and have watched Allan share his projects in Miramar Resources Limited, you will know that he speaks with great sincerity.

Our conversations on the Samso platform (see below for previous conversation) are always long form and it has always offered a great insight to the reasons why Alan is so passionate in the potential discovery. When you watch and listen to Allan talking about the projects, there is no doubt that he is enthusiastic nature is wanting the viewers to know what he is doing and why he is spending money into the project.

The Insights to Allan Kelly In this first episode of Coffee with Samso - Insights, we learn about Allan Kelly, the person. In an industry that takes no prisoners, it is hard for investors to know who is actually really trying to make a discovery. It is difficult to know if the person who is telling you the story is actually telling the truth or the real facts.

I have been an investor in this industry since my university days in 1987 and have been a willing participant in the mineral industry since 1992. Like everyone who is working in the mineral exploration industry, we are all trying to make that economic discovery. The rate of success is not very high and as Allan mentioned in the first minute of the introduction to this episode, that rate of success is very low.

So what makes us continue to work in mineral exploration? Why are the likes of myself and Allan Kelly continuing to be in the lime light and the brunt of all criticism? The questions that are being asked is why the Coffee with Samso Insights is beginning its journey.

Get yourself a coffee or your favourite beverage and watch or listen and get a better understanding of Allan Kelly:

Chapters: 00:00: Introduction

05:13 How did Allan Kelly get into this industry?

09:04 Western Mining Interview

11:40 Work with Western Mining

13:18 Is the Development of Geological Skills still a common trait?

13:44 Western Mining was Unique for the time.

15:27 What traits do you need to stay in the mineral exploration industry?

17:05 The Keys to be a Mineral Explorationist.

17:35 Don't be afraid to say you don't know something.

18:22 What is the Core Asset required to do well in the industry?

19:03 Need to have Endurance, the "Non-Technical Asset" - "Non-Geological Assets"

21:18 The Andy Well Story

23:29 The many reasons why a project may not be discovered.?

24:30 How do you decide and manage which projects to leave behind.

29:56 The lack of Mineral Exploration and Mineral Discovery.

32:24 Does Criticism Ever Affect you Negatively?

34:26 The Gidgee Project and The Paleochannel Problem.

35:11 Is it Frustrating to be misunderstood about the Gidgee Project?

37:30 How do Investors understand Exploration Results?

41:23 How to understand lack of Mineralisation strike length

42:31 What is Allan's thoughts on the Mineral Exploration sector?

43:49 Lack of Patience from Brokers

45:03 Reasons why Allan is optimistic with Nickel and the Bangemall project.

50:57 Allan's last Words.

51:26 Conclusions

Previous Conversations with Allan Kelly 1. Mineral Exploration - Creating Value Organically 2. Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R) - Mineral Exploration Success - Discovery at Marylebone. 3. Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R) Discovery at Gidji, Bangemall and Whaleshark 4. Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R) Discovery at Gidji, Glandore and Whaleshark. 5. Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R) - Surprises in the Bangemall: Carbonatites and IOCG 6. Project Updates at Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R)

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Coffee with Samso Episode 197 is with Sam Pazuki, the Managing Director and CEO of AuMega Metals Limited (ASX: AAM) The AuMega Metals Limited (previously known as Matador Mining Limited) story has come a long way since our first conversation in April 2020. The developing story is now moving into the next phase as the 2024 field season is beginning. In this episode of Coffee with Samso Episode 197, Sam share with us the philosophy of the company and the strategy for AuMega Metals and the reasoning behind the rebranding exercise. AuMega is well supported with an international miner, B2Gold Corp. as a major shareholder and that clearly show the confidence the shareholders have in the AuMega Metals Limited story.

Samso's Conclusion For those readers who have been followers of the Coffee with Samso series, it is common knowledge that I am a big fan of the AuMega story (formerly Matador Mining Limited). I have always said that the biggest value adding process for shareholders is to look for your own discovery. Promoters in this space preach that the refurbishing of projects is more cost effective but in practice this is more of a myth that a reality.

The strategy by the management of AuMega is disciplined and with the stewardship of Justin Osborne (ex- Gold Road Resources) leading the technical search and the corporate influenced Sam Pazuki, I am in no doubt that the mineral exploration will prove their strategy to be fruitful.

The rebranding is clearly a means of aligning the company name with its purpose for finding large economical deposits. The projects that is in the portfolio is the reason why "Mega" projects will be discovered. This is what I call a mineral province play to ensure the largest probability to discover economical deposit.

As the new drilling season starts to take shape, the next phase of the results will be highly anticipated from the company's shareholders. With B2 Gold as a shareholder, one has to recognised that B2Gold is not here for a slim chance of discovery. The positioning is well thought and the target company is selected for its vast portfolio.

Tune in and start putting your thinking cap on and do some good old fashion DYOR.

Chapters: 00:00 Start

00:20 Introduction

01:06 All About AuMega Metals Limited

02:48 Is Cape Ray still the Main Story?

04:26 Is there more love for companies like AuMega now?

07:01 Fair valuation due to a bearish equity market.

09:37 The need for District Scale Potential.

10:57 What have been the learnings from your exploration activities?

13:37 Long term exploration programs create the value for shareholders.

15:58 Short-Term and Long-Term Prize

18:14 Taking Risks and Exploration Success

20:40 What is the direction for Gold ?

23:09 Why is there a disconnect between gold equities and the gold price?

25:20 What are the Exit timing for potential investors?

27:48 News Flow for AuMega Metals

29:48 Why invest in AuMega ?

30:55 Big Brother Influence for Large Deposit Discoveries.

32:36 Conclusions

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Samso Insight Episode 118 is with Justin Virgin, Executive Director of Terrain Minerals Limited (ASX: TMX) Commodity pricing has a history for being volatile and it is especially susceptible to sovereign risks. The ups and downs of the mineral resources sector on the ASX is a direct reflection of the volatile commodity chart. Pricing of commodities are constantly evolving and retreating which makes the fortunes of ASX companies in this sector exciting and depressing, depending on which the investor's circumstances.

In this episode of Samso Insights, we look at Terrain Minerals Limited (ASX: TMX). We speak with Justin Virgin who is the Executive Director of the company. I came across Terrain Minerals at the 2024 RIU Conference in Sydney. What looked like a non-descript booth became an interesting proposition when we Justin explained to me the different views on their projects.

Terrain Minerals main story is the potential for a Gallium player who has been flying under the radar. The Gallium sector is small but lucrative. Figure 1 below highlight the bullish nature of the pricing and it is forecast to continue on that trend in years to come.

Figure 1: Gallium price chart. (Source: https://strategicmetalsinvest.com/gallium-prices/)

From an exploration point of view, the projects that Terrain have a grassroots and there is no hiding form the fact that there is a lot of work to do and there are also a lot of room for error. Investors who look at Terrain from rom a valuation point of view and measuring risk as from that angle will like the market capitalisation of the company.

Check out the Samso Insight conversation with Justin and make your own decision.

Samso's Conclusion Terrain Minerals is one of those companies that you literally take a "punt". Personally, I like the Gallium but I don't know what is good and what is bad in terms of numbers. At the time of writing this blog, the company has released the results from their latest drilling. The numbers for the REE look ok but not mind blowing but I do not know how to comment on the Gallium numbers.

This would be a great opportunity for readers to give Justin a call and get it from the man himself.

Chapters: 00:00 Start

00:20 Introduction

00:50 Justin introduce Terrain

02:38 The Gallium Story

03:58 What Kind of results are expected?

05:10 Is Saltbush the main project?

06:48 The Terrain Minerals Projects

09:14 Why Terrain Minerals?

10:30 Conclusion

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Samso Insight Episode 119 is with Andrew Sparke, Executive Chair of QMines Limited (ASX: QML) As the copper price continue to reach all time high status (Figure 1), compnaies such as QMines Limited suddenly comes as an interesting proposition. The resource is small but a recent Pre-Feasibility study is showing that the number could work. In this episode of Samso Insights, we have Andrew Sparke giving us a run down on what could be a copper producer in Queensland, Australia.

Figure 1: Copper price chart. (Source: Trading Economics)

The supply issue for copper has long been talked about and the market seem to have finally caught onto the nearing desperate nature of supply. The aging copper mines are facing rising cost and some of the major mines are also facing sovereign issues. To add to the supply issue, several developing mines are facing question on jurisdiction.

I like companies like QMines as they are always undervalued and are constantly facing funding issues. As the market tightens, these stories begin to get noticed and their valuation begin to move. This is not an endorsement of QMines in any way, as there are still hurdles that could be deal breakers for the company. My comment is merely an observation that has stood the test of time historically.

Check out the Samso Insight conversation with Andrew and make your own decision.

Samso's Conclusion QMines is a company that may offer investors an opportunity to get in on the copper run.

A rising commodity story that is still early in its journey with many unknowns of trivial hurdles or deal breaker hurdles. Andrew has explained how the story should work but as we know, he is the Executive Chair and his thoughts would deemed to be slightly biased.

That being said, my view is that one has to look at the options out there in the market place for a story that will fit the current narrative of "Need More Copper". QMines, assuming that the numbers continue to stack up will be one of the ones on my watchlist. Fortunately for us punters, the low valuation of companies due to a bearish sentiment in commodities has somewhat naturally reduced our risk.

As for the copper price, if it is to be believed, has a lot of legs to go. Some narratives have gone further and put the copper price at level much higher than Figure 1. I agree that it will go higher but I don't have an understanding on how high.

There are no doubts that the old copper mines are facing rising costs and this is not a small margin. One must remember that if household living expenses are stated to have increased be in the 30% mark, the increase of 30% or more in a mine will make a big difference. I would say that the cost of mining any commodity at the depths that these old copper mines are at will be significant.

At the end of the day, DYOR is the key to any decision making and one has to keep a keen eye on the copper space. When you think about what the implication will mean, the opportunity for shareholder value adding is enormous.

Chapters: 00:00 Start

00:20 Introduction

00:57 Andrew introduce QMines

02:45 Going through the details of PFS

07:05 The upside of Mt Chalmers.

09:36 Any Metallurgical Issues?

11:25 The Products

11:37 The Pyrite Value Story

12:57 Where is the disconnect with value and share price?

15:19 The issue of using Copper Equivalent number.

17:30 The Pros and Cons of taking a position in QMines.

23:17 The Copper Market

26:06 Why QMines?

20:57 Timing for Investors Exit?

27:43 THE CAPEX Advantage

28:45 Conclusion

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Multi-element anomalism coincident with geophysical targets supports the concept of a new Mineral System Province at the Highway Project in South Australia.

ASX Release – 22nd May 2024

Highlights

  • Multi-element anomalism coincident with geophysical targets indicate potential for different styles of mineralisation including epithermal gold, molybdenum porphyry and Iron-Oxide-Copper-Gold (IOCG).

Taiton Resources Limited (“T88”, “Taiton” or “the Company”) is pleased to announce that all samples from the recently completed UltraFine (UF) soil sampling program in March have now been returned. The completed soil program was undertaken across three prospects; Garfield, Pluto and Snoopy, at the Highway project (Figure 1).

The program consisted of a total of 1,197 samples (ex QAQC samples) and was Taiton’s first pass field-based assessment of selected prospects identified primarily from geophysical datasets.

A recent litho-structural interpretation of the Highway project highlighted the potential for multiple mineralisation styles derived from intrusive activity. These mineralisation styles include epithermal gold, molybdenum porphyry, and Iron-Oxide-Copper-Gold (IOCGs).

Figure 1. Location of prospects within Highway Project.

The UF program was successful in identifying multi-element anomalism across the three prospects and provide further support for the various mineralisation styles Taiton is pursuing within the Highway project. Due to the early stage of exploration Taiton is not limiting its search to one mineralisation style.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 196 is with Matt Szwedzicki, Managing Director of West Cobar Metals Limited (ASX: WC1) In my first conversation in June 2023 with West Cobar Metals Limited, I noticed the amphibolite basement for the Salazar project and asked how this could affect the mineralogy of the project. With nearly 12 months of work since that time, the benefits of the Newmont deposit are now coming to light.

In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Matt Szwedzicki shares with us the potential multi-commodity aspect of the Newmont deposit. The company has come a long way in substantiating its view on the new strategy in bringing light to the Titanium and Scandium part of the flow chart.

This is an unfolding story and credit goes to the management for looking at the alternative value of the Newmont project. The increasing tenure of the project means that the protection of the potential value adding process is now in safekeeping.

The potential extension of the amphibolite is now for West Cobar Metals to discover and if the Scandium and Titanium strategy holds ground, the shareholder value will be very interesting. Time will tell, but at least it is up to the company to find it.

Samso's Conclusion I have been fascinated with the West Cobar story as it is the only Rare Earth project that I have come across that has a amphibolite basement, or rather, one that has a non-granitic basement. This stands out even more when you know that the Esperance region does not appear to have an equivalent.

When I first talked to the company, I posed the question to management, what is the significance of the amphibolite? Does it come with other commodities (at that time they had a HPA resource sitting on top of the Newmont project)?

There is now a pathway for the company and it will be interesting where this leads to in terms of shareholder value. The scandium story is very interesting as I have had some experience of that sector nearly a decade ago.

If you watch the video and listen to Matt when he talks about the Scandium pricing mechanism, it is a revelation. For once, we have a market that is priced so high that it needs new supply to bring the pricing down so that it can create more supply and more use. It is not a matter of lack of demand, but that the sector needs supply. When you think about what the implication will mean, the opportunity for shareholder value adding is enormous.

Chapters: 00:00 Start

00:20 Introduction

01:23 Update from Matt

01:43 More ground for Salazar

01:56 An updated exploration target

02:22 Realisation that Newmont is different

02:40 The Titanium Factor

02:59 Titanium Exploration Target

03:06 Presence of HPA

03:30 Flow Sheet

04:52 Titanium Mineral Study

06:05 What about this Scandium in Salazar?

07:32 Is Newmont more of a Critical Minerals project as opposed to a Rare Earth project?

09:02 Is there enough volume for the other commodities to be economical?

10:47 What triggers should investors look for to take a position in companies like WC1?

12:55 All about Scandium

14:40 Why is Scandium exciting?

15:43 The high pricing of Scandium.

16:41 Supply bottleneck may be changing

17:50 US Defense Department looking out for Scandium

18:24 Solid oxide fuel cell use of Scandium - green fuel transition

19:13 Where will the new mines come from - reasons why Newmont is the front runner

19:46 Newmont may have a potential positive metallurgical pathway

21:17 High grade vs. normal grade of Scandium

22:48 News Flow

24:43 A Natural pivot for WC1

25:49 Last words from Matt

26:57 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso 195 is all about the accessibility of the Jupiter Rare Earth project. This episode comes from the site of the project and lets audiences see why Jupiter is all about Location, Location, Location. Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) is now finalising a drilling program to infill the Jupiter project as they work to build a maiden JORC resource for the project. It is also now brining management to site to see for themselves the ease of having a potential mining proposition.

Managing Director, Andrew Radonjic and the Chair, Mel Ashton is sharing with us their thought on this episode of Coffee with Samso. There are no revelations but a reinforcement to investors and shareholders that the potential for a mining operation will come with Tier 1 infrastructure and potential partners or off-takers.

Remembering the Reasons to Focus on the Jupiter REE project. The fanfare on the Jupiter Rare Earth project is all about the ASX release by Venture Minerals on the 29th November 2023 (Jupiter Delivers over 7,000 ppm TREO assays from Maiden RC Drill Program) and the second round of results that was released on the 8th March 2024 (Jupiter Drilling Continues to Deliver Broad High-Grade REE Mineralisation including a Record NdPr Intersection of over 5,000 ppm). The investor interest that followed is now a

The share price has been very buoyant and when taken into context of the Rare Earth sector in general, Venture Minerals is doing very well. There is a keen interest in the market to see where this story will end up.

Check out the conversation with Andrew Radonjic below: Samso's Conclusion In the lead up to the trip to the project, Andrew Radonjic had been taking a position that the location of the project could be a game changer and I have to say that it does make sense. The highway is within 2km from the edge of the tenement boundary, there is a gas

Chapters: 00:00 Start

00:55 Introduction to Mel Ashto3

00:53 Updates on Jupiter

04:34 The Potential Size of the Jupiter Resource

08:55 Potential Strategy for Jupiter Project

11:52 Could there be other High-Grade "Cores"?

17:54 Discussion on Metallurgy

20:52 Location, Location Location

23:56 How can Venture take advantage of the REE Market?

25:57 What would the Exit look like for potential investors?

26:58 View on the Rare Earth Market over the next 12 months?

34:41 News Flow

38:00 Tin

39:11 Conclusion

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As we move into the generation of clean energy, the topic of uranium mining is brewing in Australia, especially in Western Australia. The only state and territory in Australia where uranium can be mined is South Australia and the Northern Territory. The Western Australian government took a stance a few years ago to ban the mining of uranium and this has taken its toll on the industry. However, it does seem that the sentiment to overturn that decision is now softening.

The mining industry in Western Australia, by far the biggest player in Australia, is facing one of its biggest changes in 2024 and the change may only be starting. The nickel industry is hemorrhaging with the rise of the Indonesian nickel industry. The dominating nature of the nickel industry in Indonesia has taken the world by storm and the result for Western Australia and the rest of the world is that their own mines are now facing closure and a bleak future for those that are still in operation. The biggest player in the industry in Australia is BHP's Nickel West, which is certainly looking at closure and the loss of jobs and income for Australians.

2024 is absolutely turning out to be the year of changing fortunes for Australia in terms of being the commodity mecca of the world. There are real challenges that are not only restricted to nickel (almost a done deal), but there are also negative sentiments towards lithium, rare earths and finally iron ore.

The misfortunes in turn could create the necessary heat to make the Western Australian and in large part the Federal government bodies look seriously at uranium as an alternative mining breadwinner.

The World According to Jonathan Fisher Jonathan Fisher is the CEO of Cauldron Energy Limited (ASX: CXU) and this Samso Insight discussion is a good introduction to the challenges and the deep misunderstanding of the general population to uranium mining. Jonathan comes from a long history within the nuclear world and in this Samso Insight conversation, he is simply stating facts to explain the debate for the mining process and not about the building of nuclear power plants.

Jonathan just wants the myths to be taken out of the discussion and I agree with him that the conversations out in the world have been wrong and largely made erroneously to be facts.

Samso's Thoughts There is no doubt in my mind now that the mystery of Uranium Mining and the Nuclear Energy debate is shrouded by a lack of understanding and the perception created by the anti-mining fraternity (based on personal agendas). The narratives that Jonathan Fisher and all the other proponents for Uranium Mining are made simply to make right the wrongs of the loudest critic.

One can argue based on personal preferences but the greater good for uranium mining and hence the use of nuclear energy cannot be made by the few, but it must be made for the greater good of the whole decarbonisation outcome for planet Earth.


Disclaimer The information or opinions provided herein do not constitute investment advice, an offer or solicitation to subscribe for, purchase or sell the investment product(s) mentioned herein. It does not take into consideration, nor have any regard to your specific investment objectives, financial situation, risk profile, tax position and particular, or unique needs and constraints.

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About Samso Samso is a renowned platform that empowers dedicated investors to transform their investing journey. With privileged access to a wealth of up-to-date industry knowledge and advancements spanning various business sectors, you can stay informed and updated constantly. Engage actively with esteemed CEOs and influential thought leaders who are shaping industries, as they share valuable insights, unveil success strategies, demystify commodities, and predict market trends. Combined with your own due diligent Do Your Own Research (DYOR), this may guide you to make an impact on your financial future.

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Coffee with Samso 194 is all about the Jupiter Rare Earth project and what a way for Andrew Radonjic to start the year 2024. Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) has an extremely well-rounded portfolio of projects and the inception of the Rare Earth project a couple of years ago has worked extremely well for the company. The Rare Earth sector may have come and gone for the ASx but it is a breath of fresh air to see the technical success of the Jupiter REE project.

Anyone who has been following the ASX REE sector recently will know very well the bearish tone but those who have been on the Venture Minerals wagon, will think differently. You could put Venture Minerals on the top of the list for generating the most interest in the small-cap mineral explorers list.

The interest in Venture started with the ASX release on the 29th of November 2023 (Jupiter Delivers over 7,000 ppm TREO assays from Maiden RC Drill Program) and the much anticipated second round of results was released on the 8th of March 2024 (Jupiter Drilling Continues to Deliver Broad High-Grade REE Mineralisation including a Record NdPr Intersection of over 5,000 ppm) which generated another rush on the share price.

Figure 1: The Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) share price. (Source: Commsec)

In this episode, Andrew Radonjic gives us an update on the Jupiter Rare Earth project and we discuss why he feels the project stands out from the crowd.

Samso's Conclusion The Samso platform has had the majority of the clay rare earth story on the ASX for the last couple of years. It has been a great journey from the beginning to now where I could effectively call a mature understanding of the industry. If we are all on the same page, the understanding now is all about the metallurgical results, and the chemistry of extraction.

In some way, we all know that the range of results from all the other clay REE players has been pretty consistent. There have not been too many outliers on the good or the bad end of the spectrum. If we consider this thought, the metallurgical results for Jupiter will be within range and there are some similarities to Mt. Weld, then Venture may have found themselves a project that could be more than interesting.

As Andrew pointed out in the end, it is all about the location. The drilling results are on the top end of the scale, the location is in proximity to Mt. Weld and the plant by Iluka, the metallurgical results which are still outstanding will most likely come within range or better and there are no logistical nor administrative obstacles in sight. With all that in mind, the Jupiter project must surely become a jewel in the DYOR category for ASX investors wanting an REE play in their portfolio.

I encourage you to watch and take notes because as I have always mentioned on the Samso platform, the one economical project in many non-economical projects that are in the market comes once in a while and if you can take the risk, do big-time DYOR.

Chapters: 00:00 Start

00:20 Introduction

00:53 Updates on Jupiter

02:46 Discussion about the next drilling phase

04:04 What makes Jupiter stand out?

09:25 VMS in the current market

15:44 About the metallurgy

21:06 What could lift the REE market?

23:53 For investors looking to position themselves in VMS

29:01 Other VMS projects

32:45 News flow

35:59 Conclusion

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As we close off 2023, what a better way to end with Coffee with Samso Episode 193 is with Brett Hazelden, Managing Director and CEO of OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6). The Rare Earth story is now reaching a stage where it is now all about the chemistry. Most followers of the sector are now assuming and accepting that companies will report minerals resources that will be large enough to sustain any operations.

What is unknown is the cost of the chemistry that will bring in the revenue and profits at the end of the exercise. I think in this episode of Coffee with Samso, Brett Hazelden makes a very compelling case for the OD6 Metals story. There is a lot of confusion in the market in terms of what is the end game for these clay rare earth projects.

Brett is a metallurgist and he comes from experience when he talks about the downstream process. For those viewers who are pondering about the Rare Earth sector, this is a must watch episode of Coffee with Samso.

Samso Conclusion As many of you who have followed the Samso platform, you would have been watching a lot of Rare Earth stories lately. There is no doubt that the rare earth industry is very complicated and confusing which is primarily being fuelled by a cloud of uncertainty on the future. This is something that I had as well but you would have heard me mention this very often, recently, that the trip to the rare earth conference in Canberra has pretty much cleared it up for me.

My optimism that was derived from the conference is not an indication that the sector is going on a bull run. My thoughts are that the reality of a strong future for the demand of rare earths will be very profitable for the companies that stick to their work and are able to sustain their path with funding.

The ability to attract funding over the period is critical. In some ways, you could look at the this time of the market as a reset of the rare earth story, in terms of valuation. This is the time to do your DYOR. For all investors, if the commodity boom is around the corner and the rare earth metals are part of that run, then you would want to do some good research now.

Chapters: 00:00 Start

00:20 Introduction

01:03 2023 recap

03:32 Understanding the chemistry

07:14 Lowering the costs of production

09:45 Discussion about ESG

11:27 What is driving the economics of these clay projects?

15:46 Difference between Australia and South America - grade and processing route?

19:38 Takeaways from the Canberra REECon

26:16 What’s on the cards for 2024?

32:03 Discussion about the rare earth market price

35:14 News flow

36:04 Final thoughts

39:46 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso 192 has Andrew Radonjic talking Rare Earths at the Jupiter project. Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) is now at the crossroads of emerging as a Rare Earth player in what is a complex and ultimately future-proofing sector. I labeled Venture Minerals as a Targeted Diversified Mineral Explorer in my very first interview with Andrew Radonjic, the Managing Director way back in October 2020, and this is another prime example of that business approach.

The rare earth sector has had a lot of attention in the last 24 months and like all commodities, it is going through turbulent times. Samso has had the greatest privilege to have interviewed many of these stories over time and I see Venture Minerals as an interesting change to the current scene

On the back of the recent announcement by Venture Minerals on the 29th of November 2023, entitled Jupiter Delivers over 7,000 ppm TREO assays from Maiden RC Drill Program, the company has raised additional funding to work on the project. In the current market, this is a strong vote of confidence for the potential of the Brothers REE project.

In this episode, Andrew Radonjic shares with us his thoughts on the project and a good insight into the facts of the recent drilling results. In combination with the historical exploration activities, the picture of why Venture Minerals feels this project will have a future is material for viewers.

Check out the conversation with Andrew Radonjic below:

Samso's Conclusion As I have mentioned, we have had a good amount of content that is related to the rare earth sector, and my thoughts, which are consistent with most commentators, is that every REE project is unique. The key is what is at the bottom line of the project. Does it make money when the cookie crumbles?

The Jupiter target is a clay-hosted rare earth project and as Andrew mentioned, there has been little metallurgical work done but these days, we are very comfortable assuming that it is a typical clay-hosted ree system. I don't think that this is a unique clay-hosted system but what will make it different is the logistical and the potential grade and tonnage.

The other point of difference is a different social license. Most of the other projects have to deal with private landowners and the existence of the population. It may not be obvious now but I think in the long run, the bottom line will be noted.

This is not to say that the others will not make money. As I measure the landscape for this sector, the companies that are left standing in the long term will be big winners. Fresh investors with more money in the bank will go a long way to becoming a long-term player.

Chapters: 00:00 Start

00:20 Introduction

00:54 What is happening with the Jupiter REE Target?

03:56 Does alkaline intrusion play a part in Jupiter?

06:50 Progress on the drilling at Jupiter

14:11 What sets VMS apart from the others?

25:17 Comments for existing shareholders

29:37 Why did the recent new investors buy into the VSM Story?

30:57 News flow

33:34 Conclusion

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Richard Brescianini, is back with Coffee with Samso Episode 191 and sharing with us the path forward with Heavy Rare Earths Limited (ASX: HRE). I have always said that Richard Brescianini, the Executive Director of Heavy Rare Minerals Limited, is the best person when it comes to understanding how the Rare Earth sector functions. Richard has had decades of experience within the sector and in this Coffee with Samso, he shares with us what is happening with HRE and what is the path forward in 2024. The rare earth sector is undergoing some reality checks and as investors look around, there are only a real handful of companies left that can be considered as real contenders. There is a rush to go to Brazil to chase the so-called "ionic" projects but what everyone has to consider is what will be the economics of the business. In this episode, Richard and I discuss what makes the business work. The metal extraction is critical and we know the answer is acid. The more acid we use, the more metals we get out. The cost of the acid extraction is a big hurdle but don't forget all the other aspects of the business. Australian Clay Rare Earth projects may appear to be lacking in properties that are beneficial to having a good REE project, but they have lower jurisdiction risks, and hence the cost of having a sustainable infrastructure becomes challenging. Projects need to have consistency in all aspects of the deposit, such as metallurgical factors and grade. We also discussed the other projects such as Duke and Perinjori. There was some exploration news on Duke and we had a good discussion on the merits of the project. Samso's Conclusion This Rare Earth sector requires investors and companies to have a long-term view of commercialisation. We all know that the challenge in working on clay rare earth projects has been a long road and very challenging. There have been many comments that the outcome for the companies promoting these projects will end in tears. If you have been following the markets you will be swayed with the depressed equity market. I must admit that I had similar thoughts. My thoughts are whether the demand and the hype would be sustained. I recently attended a Rare Earth Conference in Canberra and I was surprised that I was super attentive over the 3 days. I think I may have only missed one talk. What I took away from that conference was a renewed enthusiasm for the sector. The main reason is that there appears to have been a lot of money already spent. Furthermore, there seems to be a lot more money that is in place to help create a new downstream chain that is outside China. Before going to the conference, I heard all the talk but one has to take all those noise with some caution. However, after the conference, I am convinced that the talk is real and the demand for more REE is believable. The establishment of the downstream process is in no way near being completed but the process is there. The amount of money that has been pledged to establish a non-China-aligned downstream chain is staggering. The projected demand for REE for our electrification journey appears to ensure the longevity of companies such as HRE. Hence, my opinion for those who are interested in this sector should DYOR and look into what is happening behind the noise you hear from the general stream of news. Spend some time and look into what is happening in the real REE world. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:10 Cowalinya Exploration Target 06:03 Could the geology create issues for your Exploration Target at Cowalinya? 09:05 All about the Duke Project. 14:03 Do you think Duke could have a different REE chemistry? 17:24 New Project - Perenjori 22:32 Discussion about the clay-hosted space 27:21 A second supply chain for the rare earths market? 37:58 What are the immediate goals for HRE to monetise the business? 44:17 What could disrupt the planning? 47:21 What should investors be looking out for? 52:05 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 189 is with Mike Haynes, Managing Director and CEO of New World Resources Limited (ASX:NWC). The last time we spoke to New World Resources Limited (ASX:NWC) the story was about getting mining happening. Today, we hear that the mining process is in place and while they are going through the paces, they are chasing very compelling exploration targets. There are very few to no stories on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) that is flavoured copper not to mention high-grade copper. The Antler project by all accounts in the copper mineral exploration industry is a technically strong project. It is probably better categorised as a near-producer story now as the company moves into the mine planning stage.

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Episode 187 of Coffee with Samso is with Guy Le Page, Non-Executive Director of Mount Ridley Mines Limited (ASX: MRD). Mount Ridley is now at the business end of the Rare Earth journey. Mount Ridley Mines is now focusing on the flow chart of the REE business. This is the money end, can you make the processing part cash flow positive? When I had my first Coffee with Samso with Guy Le Page, in July 2022 (Mount Ridley Mines Limited (ASX:MRD) - A Rare Earth Story.), it became evident that the company had a strong focus on optimising its flow chart. The company was confident in its ability to achieve the desired tonnage and grade, but its primary emphasis was on the final stage. In my view, one of the major benefits for companies like Mount Ridley is their project's location in the Esperance region. Numerous discussions have highlighted the region as the ideal site for the government to establish a Rare Earth Hub. Check out the conversation in this Coffee with Samso and, as I always encourage, DYOR. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:10 Updates on the Mia Project 02:45 Beneficiation Results 03:55 Leach Test Results 04:59 Is Mia the main focus of Mount Ridley? 06:01 Mia prospect air-core drilling 06:37 Discussion about the soft REE market 09:05 Q&A from the public 09:19 Is MRD still going to list on the Frankfurt Exchange? 09:46 What is MRD’s strategic roadmap beyond 2023? 10:59 How is MRD taking a position for success amongst Esperance peers? 11:59 Is using HCL costly? And what about government grants? 13:03 Has MRD determined the controls in the clay-hosted REE project? 15:24 Prediction of the path of the REE market as we move forward 17:01 What makes MRD stand out? 18:20 Discussion about the REE market 20:17 Conclusion Samso's Conclusion When investing in the Clay Rare Earth sector, it is crucial to consider the economic viability of the processing flow sheet, and, while the industry has yet to determine its profitability, this does not mean it won't become a viable option. However, it is important to acknowledge that the industry is still in its early stages, and there will be a steep learning curve filled with uncertainty. The industry has successfully identified the process of leaching out the Rare Earth Elements (REE), but the economic outcome in terms of profitability remains uncertain. The REE sector, including both hard rock and "Clay/ionic/alluvial" types, has gained attention in investment circles due to recent geopolitical developments. China's dominance in this sector is widely recognised and understood. The previous discussion on REE in the investment community was short-lived in 2010, as the market experienced rapid fluctuations. However, the current rise of the REE sector has shown more resilience, having been present for a couple of years, largely due to the new "cold war" with China. Balancing the REE sector will require time, and investors in this sector must cultivate patience, akin to the patience required for fishing. It is frustrating to continually emphasize that mining projects are measured in terms of years to decades, while investors, particularly new ones, expect quick results within weeks or months. Unfortunately, such quick results are unlikely to occur. Regarding Mount Ridley, they have a solid strategy, and recent results indicate a viable business. However, the investment community needs to learn to be patient and learn to "PARK" their money.

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In Episode 186 of Coffee with Samso, Dr Mike Jones, the Managing Director of Impact Minerals Limited (ASX: IPT), educates us on the ins and outs of the HPA business. The HPA (High Purity Alumina) story for Impact Minerals is now all about the economic process of making HPA. There are no longer any questions on the tonnage or the grade. In simple terms, the company is at the business end of the mineral resource sector. Impact Minerals to acquire advanced HPS project in Western Australia One of the key aspects of understanding Impact Minerals is to have a clear view of the company's business. Impact is in the business of HPA and what that means is that it needs to deliver High Purity Alumina in the 3N or 4N level (Figure 1). Figure 1: The HPA business detailing the different products and the potential income. (Source: Impact Minerals Limited). When considering companies like Impact Minerals, the initial association is often with mineral exploration. However, it is important to view Impact from a fresh perspective. In this episode, Dr. Mike Jones discusses the company's current focus on the Pre-Feasibility Study (PFS) phase, which aims to determine the profitability of the Lake Hope HPA project. This shift in focus highlights Impact's commitment to reaching a stage of financial success, distinguishing it from the negative reputation often associated with mineral exploration companies. Samso's Conclusion Impact Minerals is a company that often goes unnoticed despite its promising projects. Currently, they are actively promoting the Lake Hope project, which has been discussed extensively by Mike during the past two Coffee with Samso sessions. It is evident that the Lake Hope HPA project holds significant value for the company. Impact Minerals Limited (ASX: IPT) - A Low Cost HPA story in Western Australia. It is worth mentioning that Impact Minerals' Broken Hill project was among the six projects worldwide selected for the prestigious BHP Xplor program. On 17th of January 2023, the company issued a release providing further details about their participation in the BHP Xplor program.

BHP Xplor, an accelerator program introduced by BHP in August 2022, is designed to help provide participants with the opportunity to accelerate their growth and the potential to establish a long-term partnership with BHP and its global network of partners.

Impact received up to US$500,000 in cash payments from BHP over the next six months and gained access to a network of internal and external experts to help guide development in the technical, business, and operational aspects of the company.

This means that the management of Impact demonstrated credibility by successfully participating in and gaining acceptance for the Broken Hill project. This is a significant achievement, as only six recipients were chosen for this program, indicating a high level of quality. While the market trader may perceive Impact Minerals' market capitalisation of 34.37M as high, there is an underlying value that will yield positive results in the future. The Arkun project, which we discussed in a recent episode of Coffee with Samso, is located in a jurisdiction occupied by Tier-1 resource companies like Anglo-American. This provides strong evidence of its prospectivity (Figure 2). Figure 2: The Arkun project and its neighbours. (Source: Impact Minerals Limited) The Lake Hope project is currently in the "Feasibility" stage, and the initial excitement surrounding it has diminished in the market. However, this does not undermine the value that Impact Minerals is creating for its shareholders. There are two aspects of Impact Minerals that I appreciate. Firstly, the Lake Hope project is undeniably the company's flagship at the moment. Secondly, there is potential for significant growth from the Arkun and Broken Hill projects. Tune in to Mike's thoughts here. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:20 Updates from IPT 02:16 Economical parameters that make an HPA project viable 05:56 All about High Purity Alumina 07:54 The Cost Curve Analysis 11:23 Discussion about entry into the HPA market 12:43 The HPA space after the commodity market softening 14:07 The market for HPA 16:04 The Arkun Project 20:51 The Forward Plan 24:52 Is Lake Hope is still the Perfect Orebody? 25:33 How should investors view Impact? 26:55 Why should investors believe that Impact will deliver the end story? 29:00 With the current interest rate trend, is it a good time for companies like Impact Minerals? 30:55 Why should investors invest in Impact Minerals? 31:48 Conclusion

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Mineral exploration is a complex and evolving field that has undergone significant advancements over the years. It involves a meticulous process of discovery, as exemplified by projects like Olympic Dam, which required almost two decades of planning and a decade of execution. The understanding of geology and manually handling exploration techniques, which was once laborious and time-consuming, is rapidly becoming obsolete. Photo by Sabrianna on Unsplash In the rapidly evolving landscape of decarbonization and clean energy, it's understandable that investors and geoscientists may prioritize exploring commodities like lithium and more recently, rare earth elements. The field of mineral exploration has undergone significant changes since I entered it in 1992. The methods and technologies we use have evolved dramatically over time. However, one noticeable trend in the exploration industry is the decline of diamond exploration. In this episode of Samso Insight 113, we delve into a captivating discussion with Thomas Reddicliffe about the extensive search for the largest diamond mine. It's a topic that has intrigued many over the years, and we're excited to bring you this insightful conversation. If you've been following Samso, you might recall our previous discussion on the discovery of Olympic Dam. That was quite a journey in itself, and now we have the opportunity to explore the world of diamond exploration with Thomas Redicliffe. Thomas joined the scene in 1976, towards the end of the discovery process. He provides us with a fascinating narrative of the glory days of diamond exploration and brings us up to speed on recent developments, from even just a few years ago. It's truly a remarkable journey that he shares with us. Of course, there are many other thought leaders who could have contributed to this Samso Insight, and these will come in time. For now, we are lucky to have Thomas with us, so we hope you enjoy this episode and gain valuable insights into the world of diamond mining. The Olympic Dam Story: An Insight into the Mineral Exploration Genius of WMC Limited. The inspiration to get Samso Insight Episode 113 completed is my appreciation of what it took to discover Argyle. The book by Stuart Kells entitled "Argyle - The Impossible Story of Australian Diamonds" which you can purchase on Amazon or Melbourne University Press (MUP) , was the impetus for my eagerness to try and document as much as I can to make sure the story is on the Samso Platform. Samso's Conclusion Diamond exploration is a specialised form of mineral exploration that is facing challenges and changes that involve non-geological factors, particularly in "developed" jurisdictions. Diamonds have long captivated people of all ages and are widely recognised as one of the most well-marketed commodities in the world. Diamonds are crystalline forms of carbon that are created deep within the Earth under high temperatures and extreme pressures. At surface air atmospheric pressure (one atmosphere), diamonds are less stable than graphite, and therefore, the thermodynamic conditions favour the decay of diamond (δH = -2 kJ/mol). Historical records indicate that diamonds were known to burn during Roman times (Magill School of Computer School). It is worth noting that the marketing efforts of De Beers have played a significant role in establishing and sustaining the diamond market. Diamonds, regardless of scientific knowledge, are cherished and adored today as a beautiful crystal that brings joy to everyone. From the perspective of a geoscientist, the search for diamonds holds great excitement and intrigue. I consider myself fortunate to have entered the field during a time when diamond exploration was at its peak. In the 1990s, the quest for diamonds was in its final decade of glory, and the expertise of many experienced practitioners has since become scarce. The individuals who had mastered the art of diamond exploration are now approaching the end of their careers, and I worry that their valuable skills will be lost. While new geoscientists will undoubtedly acquire the necessary knowledge and techniques through a structured learning process, there are certain intangible skills that can only be honed through years of practice. It is these skills that I fear may be forgotten, and relearning them would be akin to reinventing the wheel. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 02:10 Diamond exploration - a discussion 03:19 Rundown of the search in 1973 10:04 Pragmatic approach to exploration 11:27 Treating indicator minerals for analysing 13:12 Ellendale discovery 16:27 Lamproites and Kimberlites 19:26 Discussion about the economic side 22:06 The situation after Ellendale 24:12 Was there a difference between indicator minerals? 26:05 The last 10 years of active diamond exploration 27:15 Would the technology today help with the exploration cost? 28:19 Was stream sampling more effective? 29:25 Is there still an “Argyle” today? 34:36 Discussion about Argyle 42:21 The future of the diamond industry 53:17 Conclusion

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Samso Insight Episode 114 is with Dr Diana Zivak, Senior Geologist with the Geological Survey of South Australia. The recent interest in Clay Rare Earth continues to be somewhat a mysterious journey with what is a good deposit. Diana has given us in Samso Insight 114 a string of thoughts that will give viewers and listeners more information to ponder as we weave through information that is released into the public domain. Dr Diana Zivak who is contracted by the Geological Survey of South Australia has done a fantastic job in this episode with some of her thoughts on the virtues of the Clay Rare Earth journey. People who have followed the Samso story will know that I am very bullish on the prospectivity of South Australian geology. In this episode of Samso Insights, we also touched on this aspect. I hope it will help build curiosity for those interested in exploring in South Australia. Samso's Conclusion The whole Clay Rare Earth sector is still a learn as you go process. I dont think there is anyone out there that would tell you that they know everything. Currently, the one consistent commentator of the sector is the market. If your stock goes up, then that is perceived as a good result. If your share price tanks, then that is not good. The form of understanding at the moment is coming from a barometer that is not the most versed source of information. As Diana agrees, the industry is learning that there are many different types of Clay Rare Earth projects. There are also no two type of project that are the same which means that the enrichment process is distinctly unique from one deposit to another. This adds to the complexity of determining which project is going to be the ideal formula. West Cobar Metals which have the Salazar deposit has now identified the presences or Gallium. Gallium may now be one or the start of a series of elements that could create more value as a by product in the Salazar project. GALLIUM IDENTIFIED AT NEWMONT REE DEPOSIT I think the long term prospectivity of the REE market is one that investors need to believe and take a view as a position. Personally, I believe that all commodities need to be seen as a positive because of the path to decarbonisation. What Dr Diana Zivak and i touched on as well is the overall prospectivity in South Australia. This is a good discussion as there is a lack of concentrated mineral exploration in the South Australian scene. There are many valid reasons why this has been the case but it does not take away the prospectivity. The South Australian geology has not come close to unveiling its secrets but with the Geological Survey releasing an increasing set of data, I think the early movers will reap the rewards. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:48 About Dr. Diana Zivak 06:17 Where technology is today in terms of the analytical part? 09:13 The clay hosted rare earths story 19:19 Is Geomorphology a factor ? 25:22 Heavy rare earth metals 31:56 Discussion about the Gawler 42:22 Multi-commodity processing 45:14 Discussion about lithium in South Australia 49:55 Different mineralisation styles 53:02 Closing comments 56:05 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 183 is all the Brothers Rare Earth Discovery. The discovery of a high grade clay Rare Earth project by Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) in the Golden Grove district needs to be noticed. The depth of intercept and the high grade is up amongst the top tier projects in Western Australia. Venture's Maiden Drilling program confirms High Grade clay hosted REE Discovery at the Brothers Project The REE Journey begins for Venture Minerals Limited ? In April 2023, the Venture Minerals announced the introduction of the Iron Duke REE project into the Brothers project on a Rooster Talk - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) - Building a Rare Earth Portfolio in Western Australia. The REE story for the company was a slow build up over the last 18 months. Venture set to commence drilling at the Iron Duke High Grade REE Project Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:57 High Grade clay hosted REE discovery at the Brothers Project 02:00 Reason for high grade 07:01 Direction of the Big Brothers Project 09:46 Is the Big Brothers Project the focus for VMS? 11:02 Discussion on metallurgy 11:57 How should investors look at VMS? 15:38 News flow 18:17 Why VMS? 21:13 Conclusion Rare Earth Market Status One of the first indicator of the fortunes of the Rare Earth exploration sector is the rise or fall of the REE market pricing. As we all concurrently, the market is looking at a bearish price sentiment which has created anxiety for many investors. One cannot argue that the bear is out of hibernation. What many the supporters of the bear is forgetting is that this market has been created out of a geopolitical situation. The current changing focus of world politics, in my opinion has made metals such as REE attractive. The future needs of the REE components are going to add to the demand in the market. AS all investors know, the long term is where money is made. This is a well know fact and again, investors forget that the mining game is all about the long term. The mining sector is measure in decades and not months nor years. There are mines that have happened in years, such as Nova Bollinger (Ni) and DeGrussa (Copper), but they are few and very far in between. What makes Venture Minerals a good bet? What Venture Minerals does best is to create diversified projects which continue to create value when it seems insurmountable to find value. I have said this many times about when I first had a Coffee with Samso with Andrew Radonjic and finding the value in the numerous projects. Why and how can do continue to do this? This is where experienced management comes to the front of the game. The value in the Brothers project is prime example. How did they come up with a project that looked liked an outlier but with drilling, it is now possibly standing out to be a contender in the Rare Earth race. The Decarbonisation Problem. The world is intent on achieving a state where there is clean energy use but the journey is going to be long and hard. The whole concept of achieving that level is not being helped with the persistent sectors of the population believing that restricting mining is going to be the solution. There is no going back to the old ways of "Non-Decarbonisation" thinking. This is something that is established. I had a coffee with someone in South Australia and he was proudly telling me about the way the state has gone to renewable energy. The process of creating a world of less "dirty energy" is now no longer news. This is an expected path. Samso's Conclusion Andrew Radonjic has pulled another rabbit out of his hat. The Brothers project is one that I certainly did think had a great chance for some glory. In our last Coffee with Samso, we discussed that the historical drilling would make this project very interesting. Venture to JV into Neighbouring REE project hosting drill intersections up to 49 metres @ 1,313 ppm TREO The two drill holes that was announced was into bedrock which would have suggested that there could be more to come. The recent release has made that thought come true. Does this make the Brothers project a stand out? I dont think one can say that now as there is still the issue of the metallurgical question. What I have learnt is that they will come back and show that it will leach. How much acid.,...etc. will be the main topic of conversation. Is this something that will carry Venture Minerals back to its glory days when it was a darling for retail investors, I think not immediately. I like the numbers that have come up but I think the market is saturated with a lot of REE stories. The markets needs to understand what kind of project is going to make the grade and what will not. The initial Ionic vs. Non-Ionic debate is now a thing of the past as we have discussed many times, there is more to the discussion than the Acid content. What I know now is that there are several projects that have something different that I believe make them unique. For Venture Minerals, it is their location (proximity to the new Lynas story), the grade and the depth of mineralisation. They are not in the typical REE areas and there are no potential land issues. All these factors, in my opinion, makes Venture different.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 182 is with Peter Harold, Managing Director of Poseidon Nickel Limited. Since taking the reins of Poseidon Nickel, Peter Harold has been steadily working towards restarting mining production. Today, Peter will address recent setbacks to restarting, as outlined in the company announcement of July 17. About Poseidon Nickel Limited Poseidon Nickel Limited (ASX Code: POS) is a nickel sulphide exploration and development company with three projects located within a radius of 300km from Kalgoorlie in the Goldfields region of Western Australia and a resource base of around 400,000 tonnes of nickel and 180,000 ounces of gold (Figure 1). Poseidon owns the Windarra, Black Swan and the Lake Johnston Nickel Projects. In addition to the mines and infrastructure including concentrators at Black Swan and Lake Johnston, these projects have significant exploration opportunities demonstrated by the discovery of the Golden Swan high-grade resource discovered at Black Swan in 2020. Abi Rose deposit at Lake Johnston and the recent nickel intersections along the Western Ultramafic at Lake Johnston. Figure 1: Project location. (Source: Poseidon Nickel Limited) Black Swan Restart Despite the solid progress made since the November 2022 Black Swan BFS was delivered the decision to restart Black Swan has been delayed due a combination of factors including: * The later availability of grid power; * The need to complete additional metallurgical testwork; * The continuing tightness of the WA labour market; * Ability to secure accommodation in Kalgoorlie for FIFO workers; and * The volatility in global commodity and equity markets.

The Company expects a more favourable environment for project development into 2024. The primary aim of the Company remains restarting Black Swan when all the above items have been resolved and the nickel price outlook and equity markets are more favourable. Figure 2: Poseidon Nickel's assets strategically located in Western Australia. (Source: Poseidon Nickel Limited) Company Mission The commencement of mining and processing at Black Swan is viewed as a first step in the Company's "Fill the Mill" strategy and growing the business to a 15ktpa plus nickel producer over the next 5-10 years. Poseidon owns three significant nickel assets with a combined resource of close to 400kt of nickel and processing capacity of up to 3.7Mtpa of ore to produce nickel concentrate. The Company’s business strategy remains focussed on leveraging its existing asset base to grow Poseidon into a significant nickel producer over a period of expected significant growth in nickel demand, largely driven by growth in the electric vehicle market. BLACK SWAN NICKEL PROJECT • Open pit and underground mineral resources • Significant established mining and processing infrastructure • Bankable Feasibility Study completed LAKE JOHNSTON NICKEL PROJECT • Strong exploration potential • Significant established mining and processing infrastructure • Previous mining studies being reviewed WINDARRA NICKEL/GOLD PROJECTS • Significant nickel mineral resource • Potential to mine nickel ore and process at Black Swan • Gold tailings resource with BFS Black Swan * 2.2Mtpa processing plant * Silver Swan underground 12.9kt Ni (grade - 9.5%) * Golden Swan underground 6.3kt Ni (grade - 3.9%) * Silver Swan Tailings - 6.2kt Ni (grade - 0.92%) * Black Swan Disseminated 181kt Ni (grade - 0.63%) * Southern Terrace remains prospective for additional high grade discoveries

History The Black Swan Project is located approximately 600km east of Perth and 50km northeast of Kalgoorlie, Western Australia and 300kms South of Poseidon’s Windarra Nickel Project. The project commenced operations in 1997 and operated continuously until 2008. The following production was achieved: Black Swan Open Pit - 5.9Mt @ 0.7% Ni for 41kt Ni Silver Swan Underground - 2.7Mt @ 5.1% Ni for 138kt Ni Total production 179kt Ni concentrate Poseidon Business Strategy The Company’s pathway to production was significantly progressed during FY22 with two metallurgical breakthroughs which should significantly improve the economics of the Black Swan project. The first involves incorporating a rougher concentrate regrind into its process flowsheet to significantly improve the quality of the smelter grade concentrate, which is expected to result in improved nickel payability. The second was testwork on a combined serpentinite and talc carbonate ore blend to produce a rougher concentrate which is amenable to both pressure oxidation and high-pressure acid leach to produce a mixed hydroxide precipitate. This culminated with the delivery of the Feasibility Study on the 1.1Mtpa project to produce high grade nickel concentrate suitable for conventional nickel smelters. Refer to ASX Release dated 21 November 2022 "Positive Black Swan Feasibility Study". The Company is now working with a short list of potential offtakers and project financiers with the aim of reaching a Financial Investment Decision. With the assistance of Poseidon’s geological consultants, Newexco, the Company completed an exploration targeting report for Lake Johnston during FY22, with follow up reports for Black Swan and Windarra to be delivered in FY23. The Lake Johnston report identified the Western Ultramafic Unit as a priority, with a program of works approved to undertake 15,000 metres of RC drilling. The primary focus for Poseidon has been advancing the Black Swan Feasibility Study and during this process a major breakthrough on the metallurgy was achieved. The addition of a regrind mill which will utilise the existing Silver Swan mill, increases the nickel grade and reduces the MgO content of the final concentrate. This will make the smelter grade concentrate more attractive to traditional nickel smelters and should lead to optimal nickel payabilities being achieved. It was also recognised that a lower grade nickel concentrate (5-7% nickel) could be produced with a higher MgO content that should be attractive feed to both high pressure acid leach and pressure oxidation plants. Consequently, the scope of the Fill the Mill Strategy has been widened to include a full feasibility study on the “rougher concentrate option”, which would mean recommissioning both the SAG and ball mills at Black Swan and operating at 2.2Mtpa throughput. This will also allow processing of the talc carbonate ore which is not included in the 1.1Mtpa throughput smelter grade concentrate study and has potential to increase the project life. Assuming a decision to proceed is made by early 2024, production of concentrate could commence by around end 2024. The decision on the larger tonnage, rougher concentrate project, will be dependent on the outcome of the feasibility study and discussion with potential customers for that product. Samso’s Conclusions (Tony’s Take) The POS journey has indeed been a long and winding road, full of false starts and unfulfilled promise, but the prospects of the company becoming a nickel producer should be looked at in a clear eyed fashion before making a serious assessment of the project. There have been recent setbacks, but the company is continuing to work through the issues identified and we therefore think it is only a matter of time before it will finally progress from explorer to miner. The long term outlook for nickel remains excellent and Poseidon is virtually unique, globally, amongst all those prospective and near term producers. It has multiple existing nickel assets from average to high to super high-grade ores and strong drilling exploration targets - and it has infrastructure valued conservatively at over $600 million replacement value. The share price is undeniably low, having taken a battering since the announcement of a delay to the project. In our opinion, there is a major disparity currently, between the market cap of circa $90 million and a more rationale valuation based on a continued pathway to production, and therefore a market cap approaching say $300 million plus. The battery minerals space is a dynamic environment at the moment and there is quite a lot of ‘jockeying’ taking place so it would not be entirely unexpected if the low price makes Poseidon a takeover target. However, the delay does not change our overall expectations and Poseidon continues to work closely with two shortlisted offtake and funding partners. At the same time, they are working on resolving the metallurgical and other issues outlined in their recent announcement. Once successfully finalised, the company will be positioned to announce a Final Investment Decision as well as Project Funding and Offtake Agreements. Consequently, we expect Poseidon will be substantially re-rated in due course and there are trading opportunities for the savvy investor. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:34 Updates from Poseidon 01:13 Metallurgy - Black Swan Restart 06:58 The global nickel market 10:23 Nickel from an ESG perspective 11:53 The cost effective advantage 17:42 The nickel market 21:44 Grid power not available to late 2024 24:43 Discussion about microgrids 26:12 Extending the mine life 28:26 Discussion about the finances 29:46 Share price performance 32:20 Concluding comments from Tony. 33:49 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 181 is with Richard Brescianini, Executive Director of Heavy Rare Earths Limited (ASX: HRE) The HRE story is a management-focused project led by Richard Brescianini, a highly experienced operator in the REE industry, and people like him are few and far between. His insights into the sector are extremely valuable, especially considering the lack of visibility to non-China related industries. Richard's time with Arafura Resources Limited is invaluable to the company. In this episode, you will get to know Richard and understand his thinking process as he drives the current project forward. Speaking with Richard, it becomes clear that he operates on a different wavelength. Viewers of Coffee with Samso should take away the fact that Richard is a skilled practitioner in a complex industry with its fair share of secrets. Richard has personally visited the factories that produce magnets and has engaged with both factories and refineries competing in an economy controlled by a State. It is interesting to note that while the Chinese State acts as the ultimate puppeteer, they also foster fierce competition within the sector to drive productivity. The HRE Story The story of Heavy Rare Earths Limited is all about the Cowalinya project in Western Australia. The project is located 70km south-east of Norseman, a small gold mining town 187km directly south of Kalgoorlie. Figure 1: Location of the Cowalinya project in Western Australia. (Source: Heavy Rare Earths Limited) The Cowalinya area was primarily chosen on the basis of historical drilling which indicated the presence of anomalous rare earths in fresh bedrock and higher grade supergene concentrations of rare earths in the overlying in-situ weathered saprolite profile. Samso's Conclusion Over the past 24 months, the Samso platform has had the privilege of showcasing a series of Clay Rare Earth stories. It has truly demonstrated why the Samso platform is effective in sharing stories in long form. The complexity of understanding the Clay REE business is precisely why the Coffee with Samso conversations with experts like Richard Brescianini are so valuable. In the case of Heavy Rare Earth, Richard emphasizes the importance of leaching the REE out with acids and finding the right balance between cost and profits. Essentially, the market price needs to be lower than the cost of extracting the metals. Richard's extensive industry experience and understanding of the complexities behind the scenes in China give him a unique advantage that his peers may not possess. One key takeaway from these conversations is that there is no longer any doubt about the ability to extract the metals. Numerous companies have released metallurgical results showing successful extraction. The focus now shifts to having the necessary resources, grade, and ingredients to make things happen. If someone discovers a more efficient method to extract a greater amount of metals from any grade, it would be a game-changer. It appears that the HRE resource will be substantially upgraded, with a higher grade than initially stated. The REE business is a long-term game, and wise investors should do their own research (DYOR) and consider long-term investment strategies. Looking ahead, a potential partnership in non-China based downstream operations could be the next step for HRE. This would add further value to the process. The Esperance region is an ideal location for such partnerships, especially if non-China economies aim to establish a stronger foothold in the supply of REE and manufacturing. It would be a logical decision for the Australian government to support the creation of value-adding industries in this area. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:43 Who is Richard Brescianini? 01:36 All about HRE 02:50 The HRE advantage in terms of metallurgy 10:01 Is there a geological control on the grade? 14:07 Is it all about labs now? 18:30 Ionic or non-ionic are not deal-breakers 22:34 Game changer in the clay sector 25:31 Importance of geological advantage 29:13 Future demand of the REE market 32:47 What needs to go right for HRE and what could go wrong for the likes of HRE? 39:20 The positives and negatives of the market 45:45 Economics in the REE market 49:41 News flow 52:27 Why HRE? 57:16 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk Episode 74 is with Matt Szwedzicki, Managing Director of West Cobar Metals Limited (ASX: WC1) In this episode of Rooster Talk, West Cobar is talking about their latest metallurgical results for their Salazar Rare Earth project. This is a very significant event and the released results are clearly positive. EXCELLENT RARE EARTH METALLURGICAL RECOVERIES ACHIEVED AT SALAZAR The REE story is now all about the chemistry and the understanding is a progressing in real time. The industry players who are making in roads into their projects understand that there are a list if complexities that need to be tackled step by step. The Salazar deposit is just one of a very few that are making economic sense with better than average grades and size. There is a industry myth that certain types of clay deposits are better than others but evidence and industry understanding now is showing that is not consistent with current science. Recap of the West Cobar REE Story West Cobar is a minerals exploration and development company focused on rare earths and battery minerals within Australia and the US. Their projects include: ​1. The Salazar REE Project​ The Salazar Rare Earths Clay Project is located on non-agricultural undeveloped state land approximately 120km north-east of the township and deep-water port of Esperance in Western Australia. The Newmont deposit, located on the easternmost tenement at Salazar, contains an estimated JORC Inferred Mineral Resource of 43.5Mt at 1192ppm TREO + Y2O3 (500ppm cut-off). The O’Connor prospect to the west of Newmont has potential to host further significant high-grade rare earths mineralization. Figure 1: Location of the Salazar Project. (Source West Cobar Metals Limited) Samso's Conclusion Recently I have heard that the Rare Earth market has been flat. The equity market has taken a bearish tone but I remind people that the global narrative is one that is needing more mining. The path to renewable energy and clean energy cannot be obtain with the current resources. Narratives to move into the 20230 Evolution is not a secret nor is it in the shadows. Commodities such as Lithium, REE, Copper, Nickel and all the other base metals are going to be featured in the coming new electrical world. Many people will not agree but oil and gas will be featured as well. These statement are all a statement of fact. No amount of slow walking and disrupting traffic is going to change the flow of commodity use. REE is one that is filled with mystic. Some commentary claim to know it all but I have bad news for them. The Geopolitical flavour, if maintained, will be the main driver for the REE industry. Once you go past that ticked box, the rest falls into the processing balancing equation. The basic point is what will it take to have an economical situation. As we will all learn the sole leachability factor is not what makes a REE project good or bad. As West Cobar is showing in this release and what Matt is sharing with us, the process, of resource, grade, ability of the deposit for beneficiation, acid levels and acid consumption rates, are just some of the factors to be considered. What seems to be very clear is that you need to have a point of difference. A difference that differentiates you having a big resource, a good grade, a leachable product and LREE vs HREE content. I believe that the fact that Salazar sits on an ultramafic base may be the difference required to be more valuable as they have more HREE value. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:59 Matt discussing the Metallurgical Results 02:26 How good is the MREO Recovery ? 04:07 What Acid type works? 05:30 A Discussion on the Acid Strength and Recoveries. 10:52 The value of Rare Earths - LREE vs. HREE 11:55 Does the geology at Salazar enrich its REE components? 13:47 What is the Grade required to make a REE project work? 16:25 Beneficiating process is the dark horse? 18:31 Acid is Not the Magic Pill. 20:00 Matt's last thoughts on the release. 21:01 How should investors see West Cobar ? 22:23 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 180, Brett Hazelden, Managing Director and CEO of OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6) explains the highly anticipated Mineral Resource Estimate. As the understanding of investors matures over the Rare Earth market, companies in this sector need to show that their story is moving forward. The release of the mineral resource by OD6 is significant as it starts to show the real pieces of the their approach in delivering value to shareholders. ASX Announcement 18 July 2023 - Splinter Rock Rare Earth Project Maiden Mineral Resource Estimate - 344MTR @ 1,308ppm TREO at a 1,000ppm cut off. A Recap of the OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6) Story. OD6 Metals is all about Rare Earths Elements (REE) in the southern region of Western Australia. It is located just north of the town of Esperance. As we were doing this Coffee with Samso, the market capitalisation of the company was around AUD26M and the share price was sitting around AUD 0.25. The company is focusing on both the Grass Patch and Splinter Rock project which have both undergone drilling campaigns defining potential resources. Figure 1 shows the recent investment highlights for the company in the most recent presentation. Figure 1: The current investment highlights for OD6 Metals Limited. (source: OD6 Presentation July 2023) The Word According To Brett Hazelden In this episode of Coffee with Samso Brett share with us what the Maiden Resource means and how it shapes the OD6 story. The 344Mt @ 1308ppm TREO is simply stating a baseline for the continuing work to establish a mining proposition. As I have mentioned several times, the Rare Earth players out in the market place is poised to clear a lot of misunderstanding or misinformation. Like everyone interested in this space, the first market misconception to debunk is that there is a marked difference in "Ionic" and Non-Ionic" clay REE deposits. There is no physical noticeable difference. The only factor that differentiates the so called two types is its ability to leach out the elements easily. Brett gives a good explanation of why the market needs to understand that there are many factors that go into a leachable product. The economics of the entire process needs to be considered. What are the Key Points of the Unlocking of the Downstream Process? In my opinion, the key discussion point for the OD6 Metals story at this stage is about the metallurgical aspects of the resource. The annoucnement of the Mineral Resource Estimate (MRE) is a step forward in establishing the fact that the resource exist and the grade is "good". I say "good" at this stage is because there is not really a lot of factual evidence on what is the grade that will work. The cut off grade that was chosen is an indication that OD6 realise that there is a need for a high grade to make the processing story work. This is a good sign that the company understand that the process of extracting is not easy. Brett is putting the market on notice that the difficulty of extraction is one that will eat away at the technical nature of the deposit. In the Coffee with Samso, Brett highlights that the high grade nature of the Splinter Rock Resource is a big positive. There is a good reason that in our industry, we say Grade is King. The cut off grade is almost starting a baseline of what is required to make the equation work for OD6. The discussion of making sure all the parameters balance out with the economics and the ESG factors is clear and out in the the open. I like the fact that Brett does not shy away from telling the market the challenges. The final thought on the take away from this Coffee with Samso is that the resource is only just 5% of the total potential in the Splinter Rock project. So if 344MT @1,308ppm TREO is the current resource and OD6 have only touched 5% of the project, then there is a lot of upside for OD6 Metals. Samso Conclusion The OD6 story is a work in progress where it has the potential of making its on success. What do I mean? In this Coffee with Samso, Brett outlines to the market that there is indeed a real resource in Splinter Rock. Brett has not only outline the potential abundance of resource, but it comes with one of the highest known resource grade. As I have mentioned above, the story is unraveling and as the market is narrating itself on the future of the OD6 story, I think the majority of the market is not understanding that the "Alluvial" Rare Earth story is in its infancy. The jury on what works and what does not work is still having lunch and preparing for a long stint in the jury box. There are many comments that you need an "ionic" style and the "clay" styles will not work is starting to be erroneous. As I am blessed in being able to talk to may people, I feel strongly that the real story will surprise many people. What I find interesting is that investors always think that the process of business is rocket science. As many Samso followers will know, I like using analogies with food. The business of making money is no different to the guy selling pancakes or muffins. The market for Rare Earth is now on the table due to the geopolitical situation of requiring "Western" sources. This need will allow the business of making Esperance a region for Rare Earth more realistic. OD6 is in the prime position to take advantage as it has two major components in its story, a large resource and its high grade nature in the resource. The business of balancing the leachability and the cost of making it happen is all a matter of time. Investors need to be reminded that the business of mining is measured in years and decades. The likes of Warren Buffett invests for the long term and that is why they are the successful people we quote. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:19 Splinter Rock Mineral Resource 01:55 1000ppm cutoff grade at Splinter Rock 04:40 How should investors look at the Maiden Mineral Resource? 05:55 Is the extraction process the more important discussion? 12:58 The larger the volume, the larger the area? 14:30 How much bigger can the resource get in terms of numbers? 17:49 The challenge of the mining sector 22:22 The geological consistency of the MagREO percentage 23:50 The significance of the hosting base rock in terms of chemistry 24:33 Possibility of grade variability? 26:13 Discussion about the rare earths market 27:19 The cost of mining soft rock and hard rock 29:03 Discussion about the current equity market 31:32 News flow 35:26 Main takeaway about the Maiden Mineral Resource 38:43 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 179 is with Matt Szwedzicki, Managing Director of West Cobar Metals Limited (ASX: WC1) Matt Szwedzicki is the new Managing Director of West Cobar and he assures shareholders that its business as usual. The recent news from the company is evidence that the exploration objectives are all status quo. To the followers of the Samso platform, you would remember that my first conversation with West Cobar Metals Limited (WC1) we highlighted the Salazar Rare Earth project. The Salazar project has a slightly different edge as it is hosted in an ultramafic rock, Amphibolite. Since that time, I have had a lot of discussions on the increased awareness of different host rocks. Traditionally the clay REE sector was all about a granitic host rocks, but I have now come across WC1 and then Australian Rare Earths Limited (ASX: AR3). The big question is whether these different host rocks make any differences. In this discussion, Matt gives us an update on the company in regards to recent announcements and the discussing on the management change. The West Cobar Story West Cobar is a minerals exploration and development company focused on rare earths and battery minerals within Australia and the US. Their projects include: ​1. The Salazar REE Project​ The Salazar Rare Earths Clay Project is located on non-agricultural undeveloped state land approximately 120km north-east of the township and deep-water port of Esperance in Western Australia. The Newmont deposit, located on the easternmost tenement at Salazar, contains an estimated JORC Inferred Mineral Resource of 43.5Mt at 1192ppm TREO + Y2O3 (500ppm cut-off). The O’Connor prospect to the west of Newmont has potential to host further significant high-grade rare earths mineralization. Figure 1: Location of the Salazar Project. (Source West Cobar Metals Limited) 2. Nevada Lithium Project The Montezuma Well and Big Smoky Valley claims are considered prospective for large-scale sedimentary-hosted lithium claystone deposits. The claims are located within the world class mining-friendly jurisdiction of the Nevada lithium district and host similar geology to known major lithium deposits in the region – including American Lithium (TLC deposit), American Battery Technology Company (Tonopah Flats deposit), Ioneer (Rhyolite Ridge deposit) and Century Lithium (Clayton Valley deposit).​ Figure 2: Location of the Nevada Lithium projects. (Source West Cobar Metals Limited) 3. Hermit Hill Lithium Project The Hermit Hill project area is located in the Litchfield Province in the Northern Territory, roughly 100km south-southwest of Core Lithium’s Finniss Lithium Project and Lithium Plus Minerals’ Lei lithium prospect, and 30km west of Ragusa Minerals’ Tank Hill lithium discovery. The project is prospective for pegmatite-hosted lithium mineralisation. Figure 3: Location of the Hermit Hill project. (Source West Cobar Metals Limited) Samso's Conclusion In my opinion, the Clay REE story is a developing concept. When the "boom" happened, I posed the question to the the companies that were engaging in the Coffee with Samso, What is a good intersection? Then I asked, what should investors look for and now we are at the stage where we are asking, how leachable are your material? Then now, the market is thinking, that ionic clays are the type you want to discover as these types leach better. Well, that may be true but there is no other way to know if you are Ionic or not other than to send your samples to the lab. The implication of this is what are we exploring for and how are we going to know if the discovery is indeed "Clay" or "Ionic" in nature. The majority of explorers are looking for REE in a Granitic environment but Salazar is in an ultramafic basement and the AR3 example is in a limestone. hence, what does all this mean? My thoughts are that the "news" that Ionic is more leachable than Clay may not necessary be the end game. I think the truth will only be told when the lab results are finalised. What is for sure is that the different chemistry must play some part in the leaching side of the equation. Salazar is distinctly different so the jury is definitely still out on all fronts. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:12 Who is Matt Szwedzicki? 05:28 Updates on West Cobar projects 09:26 Feedbacks on West Cobar projects 12:15 The Rare Earths Market 14:01 The Hermit Hill project 15:41 How should investors look at West Cobar? 19:33 Discussion about ionic leaching 24:03 News flow 26:38 Why West Cobar Metals Limited? 27:25 Conclusion

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Samso Insight Episode 112 is with Anna Petts, Program Coordinator - Characterising South Australia's Cover at Geological Survey of South Australia. To many people the Gawler Craton is famous for IOCG deposits (Iron Oxide Copper Gold). The most famous mine, Olympic Dam started the rush for these giant deposits. When it was announced that there was this monster of a drill intercept, RD10 with 145m at 2.2% copper together with uranium and gold. This news created a rush like the wild west where everyone flocked to the region. Subsequent to the rush, two other famous discoveries was made and they are Prominent Hill and Carrapateena. However, it was not until 2001 when Prominent Hill was discovered and in 2005 that Carrapateena was discovered. All this action was in the eastern region of the Gawler Craton and this region was named the Olympic Metallogenic Belt or the IOCG Belt. Figure 1: The Olympic Cu-Au Province in the context of the geology of southern Australia. The main lithotectonic units of the Gawler Craton and Curnamona Province are shown and are interpreted from surface observation and geophysical data. The Olympic Cu-Au Province occurs in the eastern Gawler Craton and also indicated is the Central Gawler Gold Province, a gold-dominated metallogenic province formed during the same early Mesoproterozoic tectonic event that formed the Olympic Cu-Au Province. Inset shows the location of the Gawler Craton and Curnamona Province in the context of major Archean and Proterozoic terranes of Australia. (Source: Reid, Anthony. (2019). The Olympic Cu-Au Province, Gawler Craton: A Review of the Lithospheric Architecture, Geodynamic Setting, Alteration Systems, Cover Successions and Prospectivity. Minerals. 9. 371. 10.3390/min9060371. The complexity of the surrounding area is not for the faint hearted as they are still arguing about the origins and formation of Olympic Dam. Figure 1 gives a high level summary of the Gawler Craton and its different geological events. There is no doubt that there is no simple answer but what the mineral explorers do know very well, is that their Return On Investment (ROI) here is not high. For this reason, the Gawler remains one of the least explored regions on the Australian continent. Hence, this discussion with Anna Petts is all about the prospectivity of the Gawler and what the Geological Survey of South Australia is doing to help explorers have the edge and the resources to understand and explore the region. Gold Discovery in the Gawler Craton In 1995, there was the discovery of a gold mine in the other half of the Gawler Craton. The more "boring" part which birth the Challenger Gold Mine. This set up a rush to the area, however, till today, there is no Challenger replica. To me, this has got to be one of the mysteries of Australian mineral exploration. If you draw a radius of 100km from the Challenger Gold Mine, there is nothing that is better than a prospect to be found (Figure 2). It will be pretty safe to say that the lack of discoveries is probably due to the fact that the last 20 years of exploration has been few and far in between due to a lack of exploration funding and the historical low ROI in looking for minerals in the Gawler Craton. Figure 2: The spatial emptiness of big discoveries within the Gawler Craton. The comparison to a typical mining town like Kalgoorlie, there is too many producing assets to count.(Source: Taiton Resource Limited) Why I like the Gawler Craton My first introduction to the Gawler Craton was way back in 2019 when I looked over the Jumbuck project. Figure 2 was the result of that exercise when I was involved in trying to list a company with the project. I could see that there had not been any serious exploration in the region. The conversation that I had with people was that it is hard to make discoveries. The geophysics were not picking anything up. There were not enough data out publicly that companies could use to make discoveries. The lack of success was biting into exploration funding. Imagine a province like the Gawler Craton that still hides major discoveries. Look at the statistical probability of not finding another Challenger. This has to be a great place for the average mineral explorer who has the courage to test their exploration skill. Looking at the western province of the Gawler, the western part of the Stuart Highway, there are no producing mines currently. There are three deposits (Challenger is closed) that exist and two are currently being drilled out to see if they make the cut to become producing gold mines. In one conversation, I was told that while drilling for iron ore, they came across a Gossan. This shows the variability of the area. It was only two to three years ago that the south-western part of the Gawler was identified as a new nickel sulphide area. Samso's Conclusion So what do I make out of this conversation with Anna. What I got out of it is that there is now a flow of fata that is being made public for explorers. The understanding of the Gawler is going to take a magnitude step forward in the near future, if not already. The testing of theories are now being played out with companies such as, * Indiana Resources Limited (ASX: IDA), * Cobra Resources Limited PLC, * Investigator Resources Limited (ASX: IVR), * Petratherm Limited (ASX: PTR), * Barton Gold Holdings Limited (ASX: BGD), * Marmota Limited (ASX: MEU) * Taiton Resources Limited (ASX: T88)

The company that I am involved with is testing the concept that there is a unloved and unrecognised mineral system in between the Olympic Dam Belt and the Gawler Craton gold province, see Figure 3. The concept of a theory like this can be easily considered to be shooting with a long bow, but the recent announcement has made good evidence that there could be some truth to the madness. Figure 3: The region that Taiton Resources Limited is testing its theory that there is a mineral system in the region (Red) which is now proven to be tapping the same source as the Olympic IOCG Belt (Green). The zircon test has come back with age of 1597.8 Ma, which is atypical of Olympic Dam. (source: Taiton Resources Limited). The concept is that the red region (Figure 3) has been misinterpreted in the past and there lies a mineral system that may be fertile and endowed with mineralisation. This is the postulation and as mineral explorers, we are supposed to be testing the boundaries of believe. The role of the explorer is to come up with the ideas and the concept and of finding minerals when others have missed. The role of the Geological Survey is to provide the tools and the solutions to aid discovery. After speaking with Anna, I feel that the Geological Survey is contributing a lot at the moment. The theory for Taiton Resources came about due to the data release in around 2020. The idea was born and the money was raised to test the theory. As a director of the company and as the person who spoke to the vendor of the Highway project, David McSkimming, I will say that the theory for Highway is the best I have heard. I like the idea that there is a different thinking to understanding the mineral system in this region. What the company has done to date has proven that this theory is still valid. Not only have we proven our original story is valid, we think that we could be on the edge of two tectonic event and that would make us siting on the margin of a major structural feature. We all know that major structural features are the blessing for an exploration project. None of what I had described would not have been possible without the work generated by the Geological Survey of South Australia. Anna has clearly described what the Survey is doing and what datasets are now available. The new datasets will allow future explorers to take on what is potentially the last mineral province that has not been searched with intent for the last twenty years. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:51 About Anna Petts 02:24 Disclaimer 03:04 The potential at Gawler Craton 06:07 The cover at Gawler Craton 10:39 Uncovering the lack of recent significant exploration stories 16:52 The exploration government initiatives 20:05 Potential mining hotspots 25:17 Understanding the overall complex of the big discoveries 29:01 Prospectively at Gawler Craton 32:31 All about the Ultrafine+ project 44:39 Potential mining location worth looking at 46:10 Conclusion

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Dr Mike Jones, the Managing Director of Impact Minerals Limited (ASX: IPT), is talking about a Western Australian High Purity Alumina project in a Coffee with Samso 175. The HPA (High Purity Alumina) story has so far eluded the Samso journey. but now Impact Minerals Limited (ASX: IPT) is sharing. The HPA story require an understanding of a whole different pool of facts. Although the HPA story is not something new, it does bring a whole different complexion to Impact Minerals. If you hear Dr Mike Jones describing the story, you may feel that this is a simple project. You are not wrong, but to me, it is far from simple but this is one of those projects that is niche enough to make it work. Impact Minerals to acquire advanced HPS project in Western Australia. Impact Minerals is now embarking on a different journey. This new project is almost ready for the production story. They are finalising the drilling to produce the all important JORC Mineral Resource which will be the first step in cultivating a production story. Get to know Impact Minerals Limited (ASX: IPT) Impact Minerals have been around for a long time. Impact is a company that has projects that would a major project in any other ASX companies. The Broken Hill and the Arkun project especially. The Broken Hill project is a Ni-Cu-PGE project (Figure 1 and Figure 2) is located with 20km from the world class Broken Hill silver-lead-zinc mine in New South Wales. The geology at the Broken Hill project is one that has a lot of possibilities which is what you want from a project. I have looked at their projects from afar for a while. Figure 1. Location of the Broken Hill Ni-Cu-PGE Project. (Source: Impact Minerals Limited) Impact has shown that the very high grade palladium and platinum mineralisation at the Red Hill, Platinum Springs and Moorkaie Prospects and the Iron Oxide Copper Gold (IOCG) mineralisation at the Copper Blow Prospect (ASX:SCI) are hosted by and related to alkaline magmatic rocks (Figure 2), (ASX Announcement 13th December 2018). Figure 2: Location of alkaline magma trends in the Broken Hill area. The Little Broken Hill to Moorkaie Trend contains rocks of potassic ultramafic to alkaline gabbro composition. The Copper Flat to Staurolite Ridge Trend contains rocks of alkaline gabbro to carbonatite composition. An offset of the Copper Blow Trend is interpreted to the south of the Thackeringa Fault Zone. (Source: Impact Minerals Limited) The Arkun project (Figure 3) which covers about 850 square kilometres is between York and Corrigin, which is approximately 100 km east of Perth. The project was first identified as an area of anomalous nickel-copper-gold anomalies in publicly available regional geochemistry data sets. What I like about this project is that it is now considered to be in a mobile belt that is prospective for "Julimar" type mineralisation. The discovery of Julimar has now opened up this whole region. Figure 3: Location and Regional Geology of the Arkun Project and showing key nickel-copper-PGE deposits and recent discoveries. (Source: Impact Minerals Limited). A subsequent interpretation of regional magnetic data by Impact has identified the area as lying within a major deformation zone or mobile belt that trends NW-SE from the Moora-Julimar-Yarawindah area through Arkun and which may contain deformed and metamorphosed equivalents of those rocks . This belt is generally not recognised in many regional geology maps and yet is self-evident in the magnetic data. This is a significant breakthrough in understanding for Impact. The BHP Xplore Program Impact Minerals was recently chosen to participate in the BHP Xplore program with their Broken Hill project. The participation is a recognition of the quality of the project and the amount of good work completed by the company. Think about the amount of projects that would have been submitted and to be selected is a testament of something positive. Impact Selected to Participate in BHP Xplor Program The Lake Hope HPA Project will change the future of Impact Minerals Limited. The Lake Hope Project covers numerous prospective salt lakes between Hyden and Norseman in southern Western Australia ,a Tier One jurisdiction (Figure 4). The project covers about 238 sqkm and are all owned by the vendor, Playa One. Figure 4: Location of the lake Hope project. The Lake Hope area has unique climatic and geological characteristics that have resulted in the formation of what is probably a globally unique deposit of aluminium-rich material within the surficial clay layers of two small salt lakes, or “pans”, in the Lake Hope playa system. The lake clays, which are only up to a few metres thick, have unique chemical and physical properties and consist almost entirely of aluminium-bearing minerals that are plasticine-like in consistency and can be easily sampled with hand-held augers and push tubes (Figure 5). Figure 5: Lake Hope showing the push tube sampling method (!) and an example of the lake clay from the push tube. (Source: Impact Minerals Limited) In addition, particle size distribution analysis demonstrates that virtually all the minerals are less than 16 microns and 60% to 80% occur at grain sizes of less than 5 microns (Figure 6). Figure 6: Particle size distribution analysis for four samples. Sample LP0040 contains sandy particles at the base of the deposit. (Source: Impact Minerals Limited) These unique characteristics have produced a near-perfect mineral deposit: a very high-value end product whose parent ore is: * Very soft and shallow, allowing for extremely cheap free-digging with limited infrastructure requirements, no pre-stripping, no selective mining, a tiny environmental footprint, and limited rehabilitation requirements. * Naturally fine-grained with no need for crushing and grinding, allowing for transport to an offsite processing facility that can be built on existing industrial sites (Figure 4). In essence, this is Direct Shipping Ore (DSO). * Comprised of a few minerals that require only simple washing before acid leaching, thus allowing for low-cost straightforward metallurgical processing.

Samso's Conclusion The change in business for Impact makes a lot of sense. The introduction of the Lake Hope project will move Impact Minerals into the production part of the industry very quickly. As we all know, in the exploration game, discovery of an economical resource is very difficult. The path to production is another hurdle many small juniors will never cross. What I like with Impact are their "Other" projects. There is a lot I like about the new HPA label. However, one cannot discard the potential of the Broken Hill and also the Arkun project. There is hard to measure value in the potential of these projects. I have always considered the HPA as too hard. However, now listening to Mike sharing his thought and strategy with the Lake Hope project, I am changing my narrative. To be honest, I have not really looked into the details but I have got some idea now. Simplistically, the HPA story appear to be about processing. The mining part seem to be easy. This is what I take away from listening to Mike and his confidence, I feel, comes from the fact that Lake Hope is a unique deposit. It is one of those projects that tick the boxes that we all dream about. When you look at this project, Lake Hope, what I see is that, at this stage of the game, Impact has been lucky. They got this project which appears to have all the hallmarks of a "Perfect Project". Yes, we all know about the things that can and will go wrong with the path to production, but I think when you listen to Mike speak about the ups and downs, you will come to the same thought Could this be true? When the time comes where we get the answer to that question, I would rather be the group that have the position to lose than the group that is fighting for a position. My philosophy has always been that I rather lose something than regret not being able to win. Welcome to the Mineral exploration game..... DYOR. Tune in to Mike's thoughts here. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:37 The Impact Minerals Limited story 06:28 HPA - Potential big player in the industrial minerals market 09:19 The deposit and metallurgical process of extracting HPA 12:13 What is special about the Lake Hope Project? 18:49 The assay results in Lake Hope 21:15 What is 4N high purity alumina? 23:50 Advantages and challenges of the alumina deposit 28:07 The chemistry consistency of alumina grades 31:27 The competitive advantage of Lake Hope area 32:45 The challenges of being in the HPA space 35:06 A low cost producer of HPA 37:29 News flow 40:29 The advantage of leapfrogging the discovery phase 44:32 Why Impact Minerals Limited? 47:26 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso 174 with Andrew Radonjic is all about Venture Minerals building a Rare Earth Portfolio of projects in Western Australia. It is no surprise that Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) is now adding Rare Earths to the portfolio. The creation of a Decarbonisation Mineral Exploration Portfolio makes complete sense. Venture enters into a REE JV in Western Australia. Venture Minerals Limited For those readers who have just come across Venture Minerals Limited, the best way to conceptualise the company is to see it as a Targeted Diversified Mineral Explorer with a very experienced Managing Director. Andrew Radonjic has the silver hair happening coupled with a very smart strategy. I remind many readers that when I first interviewed Venture, I coined the term Targeted Diversified Mineral Explorer. There are many diversified companies but if you have been in this industry for a long time, you start to understand those that are real and those that are there for filling up space. A Targeted Diversified Mineral Explorer - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) - Episode 49 In that first interview, I started to realise that the diversified portfolio in their own right were good projects. Over the years and many conversations, in my opinion, are starting to create their own personality. The limiting factor is the fund allocation. In every business there are always budgets and Venture is no different. The Building of a Western Australia REE project. In the last Coffee with Samso, Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director of Venture Minerals mentioned, point out that the company has been looking at Rare Earth projects for a while now. The creation of a Western Australian based REE project does not surprise me at all (Figure 1). What makes this portfolio different is the location. The nearest focus on the REE news has been in the wheatbelt which is still a distance away. I cannot think of anyone that is building a project near the Venture ground. The rising trend has been in the wheatbelt region of Western Australia which about 50km to 100km south of the current project. Recap: As we previously mentioned, the first mention was the discovery of REE within the Mount Lindsay project. This was first released on 20th September 2022. All the news releases are listed below. Venture unearths REE mineralisation immediately adjacent to Tin Zones at Mount Lindsay Venture discovers 12.5% REE mineralisation at Golden Grove North Venture commences drilling at new, high priority REE-Tin target at Mount Lindsay Venture expands REE strategy with new priority targets in Western Australia Figure 1: Location of the new REE project for Venture Minerals Limited. (Source: Venture Minerals Limited). Samso's Conclusion It is no big secret that there is a REE bandwagon going around the Australian Stock Exchange, (ASX) at the moment. I have just been at the RIU Conference in Sydney and had a chance to talk and look at some of these projects. The common theme is that the majority of projects have come about from resampling of previous holes. There have been little understanding of the quality of the projects other than the assays. As I have mentioned many times, my go to person for REE information has been Brett Hazelden from OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6). In his latest video, he talks about the refractory nature of some deposits. When the company completed their latest metallurgical work, it became apparent that there is a distinction between deposit types. The distinction is based how easy it is to extract the REE. In a simplistic explanation, the OD6 commentary is that the deposits which are highly weathered are more easy to extract. In the video he talks about how the deposits further away from the granitic source are more weathered. Hence, when I look at the Venture annoucnement, what strikes me immediately is that there are two deep holes which ended in mineralisation. Could these drill holes have gone deeper? The grades look interesting as it is nearly 50m. There are resources out there being funded with grades around less than the historical intercepts announced by Venture Minerals. The next point that strikes my interest is that the project is located in traditionally deeply weathered terrains. Some of the terrains are weathered in excess of 80 to 100m. If that is so, would the mineralisation had gone that deep? Are the troughs that span a distance which would act as a trap for the REE? These are hypothetical observations and I am highlighting it because this is where I feel the project may have some good differences to the other REE projects in the market. For this reason, I encourage readers seek more information and if possible, seek out Andrew to get more information. Tune in to Andrew's thoughts here. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:10 The VMS Rare Earth story 04:25 The significance of the historical drill holes. 07:33 Venture Projects Potentially in New REE Province? 08:27 What makes the VMS REE story different? 14:41 Is VMS stretching resources to fund all the projects? 19:41 Thoughts on the geopolitical issue surrounding rare earths 22:56 News flow 26:49 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk 72 is all about Venture Minerals building a Rare Earth project portfolio. It is no surprise that Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) is now adding Rare Earths to the portfolio. The creation of a Decarbonisation Mineral Exploration Portfolio makes complete sense. Venture expands REE strategy with new priority targets in Western Australia The Rare Earth Bandwagon? The phrase "Rare Earths are Not Very Rare" is now way too over used. The REE scene has kind of matured in an accelerated way. One of the best Samso conversations is with Brett Hazelden, the Managing Director of OD6 Metals Limited. Check out the first Coffee with Samso that Brett did with Samso. It is a great start to understanding what it takes to develop a Rare Earth project. OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6) - The Rare Earth Elements Story. The New Projects As Andrew mentioned, Venture Minerals have been looking at Rare Earth projects for a while now. Their first mention was the discovery of REE within the Mount Lindsay project. This was first released on 20th September 2022. All the news releases are listed below. Venture unearths REE mineralisation immediately adjacent to Tin Zones at Mount Lindsay Venture discovers 12.5% REE mineralisation at Golden Grove North Venture commences drilling at new, high priority REE-Tin target at Mount Lindsay Venture expands REE strategy with new priority targets in Western Australia Another Bow to War Chest. To me, this is part of the reasons why I like Venture. Dont get me wrong, I am not saying that Venture is travelling well now. The market sentiment for the company has not been kind. To add more issues, the general equity market is also poor. The share price is an indication of the company's position with the market. I see Venture creating value with the introduction of the Rare Earth story. The market is running hot on Rare Earths. The long term narrative for the permanent magnet story is strong. It is not going to happen in 5 years but if the geopolitical situation keeps going, then this is going to be a major story. Samso's Conclusion History tells us that there is never certainty. History also tells us that when bullies get together, it never ends well. China is now a bona fide player in world politics and there will be a shifting of participants on the world stage. The US and the West will begin to react or have reacted and this will lead to a shift of how natural resources are sourced. We all know that for the world economy to function, there has to be a balanced sharing of wealth. In this case, the wealth is where you source minerals. We are already seeing changes in geopolitical commentary of who should be and should not be dominating resources. Hence, the path forward will be positive for resource nations like Australia. Venture, like all the other companies will reap the rewards of the changing geopolitical game. The introduction of REE into the portfolio will do not harm. What they will find eventually is the question but Nothing Ventured, Nothing Gained. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:52 The REE path. 02:34 The New REE projects. 06:52 Can EM help define targets at Bandy and Brothers project? 09:10 Clay REE vs. Hard Rock REE - Discussion 11:25 How to manage the large Venture portfolio? 17:09 The Path Towards Decarbonisation. 23:00 The importance of being Polymetallic 27:00 Market narrative is All about Market Demand. 28:19 Demand for Commodities are Known to be driven by World Current Affairs. 33:10 Conclusion

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The Boron Story - Samso is Excited.   The Boron story is going to be a big asset for Venture. For those taht are new to the Boron game, you will quickly find that Venture is in the big leagues. Granted that there is still a lot of questions, such as, is there an economic volume, is there an economic recoverable process...etc.   For Samso, the input credit and the potential ability to recover more tin in the process is the game changer. When you look at the major mining projects, it is very often the input m credits of other products in the mine that makes the profitability of the mine. If you look at Olympic Dam, by far the biggest single mine in the world, it is the myriad of other metals that have extended the life of the mine.     Samso's Conclusion   Venture Minerals have been through a wild ride over the two years. There is no denying that there are shareholders who are disappointed with the journey lately but there are also shareholders that have bought at the lows and exited with a handsome loot.   The introduction of the Boron story is exciting. This could be the game changer for Venture. This will create a new dimension for the company as when you look at the market for Boron, it will be an eye opener. If the oncoming data about what Venture have in terms of the Boron is positive, we will be in for another ride.   Whichever shareholder you are, there is also some realities that make VMS a well balanced investment. When you look at the portfolio of projects, they are placed in every stage of the exploration game. You have early stage greenfield exploration such as Kulin and Golden Grove North. Thor which is in a joint venture with Chalice Mining is being explored but is free carried as Chalice is earning into the project.   Mt Lindsay and the Riley iron ore project is the next step up. Mount Lindsay has greenfield to "development". Riley is at mining stage. Riley is waiting for the right market timing and can be turned on when the time arrives.   So my thoughts on a company like this is, its hedged at all ends. There are not too many companies in the sector with this kind of portfolio. I have spoken to many and I will be surprised that there is more than a handful with the well spread of projects like Venture Minerals.   When you have been in the sector for a long time, you appreciate these kind of odds. For this reason, I think that at at market cap of 40M, Venture is definitely worth doing some lengthy research.   Andrew Radonjic has been in this game for a long time and when you look at the price chart in Figure 1, the risk of investing in the company is not ambiguous. One may say you can go to the casino and have the same odds, but as all investors in this sector, we beg to differ. Research and understanding your risk management is the key.   Understand the geology, understand the upside and downside and understand your own risk capability. For these reasons, I strongly recommend reaching out to Andrew and getting him to give you the low down on the company.     Chapters:   00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:20 About Venture Minerals and boron 04:14 Tin-rich borates in Mount Lindsay 12:02 Any potential metallurgical issues? 14:57 How much can be recovered from the cassiterite? 19:56 Uses of boron 23:18 Market shifts? 28:57 News flow 30:22 Why VMS? 31:56 Conclusion

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Samso Insight Episode 111 is with Mimmo who is the Founder of Mimmo's Gourmet Gelato. This Samso Insight is all about the inner passion of business.   Samso Insight 111 is all about the Passion and Perseverance that is in build into those that pursue the life of an entrepreneur. It is not so much to seek glory but it is the fulfilment of the passion that dwells deep.   Tony Goode brings to us a riveting story, that on the surface, perhaps bears no interest to the business community, apart from the delicious thought of Gelato, but when you sit back and listen, one will feel all the essence of what it takes to follow your passion.

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Rooster Talk Episode 71 is with Brett Hazelden, Managing Director and CEO of OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6). The OD6 story is now one step closer to its Holy Grail with the latest annoucnement. This latest Rooster Talk is a discussion on what the news mean for the company. Could this be an endorsement of the entire Clay Rare Earth sector.

The latest News - Hot of The Press.

The first conversation with Brett Hazelden on the first Coffee with Samso (OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6) - The Rare Earth Elements Story.), my understanding for this Clay Rare Earth sector was initiated. I had to admit that what I had learnt before was scarce and had little foundation. now that we have had four lessons, I am starting to believe that I know this sector. The two projects, Splinter Rock and Grass Patch makes OD6 Metals Limited. The latest announcement is critical as it puts the question of " Can they get the REE out? " I feel that this question would have been on many lips and now it is confirmed. As Brett explains, the process is now pretty much a step at a time but one has to feel that things are gearing towards the positive rather than not.

As Explained by Brett Hazelden

What it boils down to now is using the announced results and moving into the refinement of the process. When Brett talks about the path forward, it feels like there is a fair amount of confidence. It almost feels like they know what they are expecting. An interesting comment that I remember was that the current drilling is no longer a guessing game. They are expecting results to be much about the same. The geology, which is a common feature in all these type of deposits, are consistent and there are not much variability. This is what Brett has been told by his competent person, who knows the deposit style. What that means is that there will be no surprises from the current drilling program.

What are the Key Points of the Annoucnement?

All system is a go. That is the take away point of the Rooster Talk. The much anticipated metallurgical results have come and the results are consistent with the company's expectations. The company now understands the geology and the mineralisation better. The resource building exercise appears to be simpler as management now knowing where the better grades and recoveries are located. The potential future resource is going to be big. The scale is not what investors may be used to as the number is going to be big. The simplistic nature of the geology will also mean that the resource definition process will be easier.

Samso Conclusion

Having the fortune to have followed the OD6 journey for a while has been one of the best feelings of doing this job. I have always said that the business will be on its way forward once some results on the chemistry is known. Although, this is still very early stage, the results from the latest test have given news that are consistent with moving forward. The recovery rates in the 70% range appears to be what management was looking for as a start. The segregation of the impurities in the coarser fragments is fortuitous. The physical separation of the coarser materials form the fines will simplify the quality control process. I was once told that OD6 had a good project. When I first looked at the company and after doing a few Coffee with Samso and Rooster Talk, I agreed. However, the burning question was still about whether they can process the end product. As I understand from Brett, this is the first step to answering that question with conviction. I think when viewers watch the Rooster Talk, you will feel that there is some level of confidence in his voice. The resource is going to be big and he says, we only need 5% of that.

Chapters:

00:00 Start

00:26 Introduction

00:59 Brett introduces the Findings from the annoucnement.

01:47 The details of the annoucnement.

06:12 Process of Defining the Quality of the REE End Product.

09:00 The Acid usage Discussion

11:12 Investors Expectations - Comparisons to Peers

14:56 Resource potential of OD6 4 projects.

16:04 Prop Prospect

18:28 It is all about the Stripping Ratio.

18:58 The "Good" Areas.

19:50 The perfect place for a project.

21:43 Market Sentiment - Critical Minerals Demand

23:53 News Flow

25:06 Drilling results should be consistent with previous drilling.

26:42 Easy to resource Clay REE Geology.

27:58 The Results Confirm that OD6 will Work.

28:51 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 172 is with Julian Ford, CEO of Riversgold Limited (ASX: RGL). Riversgold is blessed with good fortune, finding a Lithium deposit in an old fashioned way of mineral exploration. Riversgold has been pursuing their Tambourah Lithium project earnestly. Investors need to understand why there is a need to pay attention to this minnow in an exciting sector of the EV market. What may differentiate Riversgold from their peers is kind of complex. The Riversgold Story Why do I like the Riversgold story? It is one of the few exploration companies that are actually doing some real exploration. When you look at the companies that are out there exploring for lithium, you will be very surprised to find one that is actually exploring. What I mean is that the majority, if not all, of the stories out there are ones where they have found a pegmatite on the surface and then drilled with discovery almost handed to them. These are the benefits of having low hanging fruits. I am not saying that this is a liability. What I am implying is that not everyone is blessed with such good fortunes. Figure 1: Riversgold Bengal Prospect within the Tambourah Project in the Pilbara Region of Western Australia. Riversgold seems to have gone that extra step to explore for the economic grades of spodumene. During the interview, Julian talks about how they are realising that they may be too close to the granite source. The mineralisation may be more fruitful further. The drilling intercept from TMBRC003 (listed below) is what lays hidden below the surface. TMBRC003 (See Figure 1) intersected: * 14m @ 0.50% Li2O from 15m to 29m downhole including 1m @ 1% Li2O from 18m down hole * Applying a 0.5% Li2O assay threshold cut-off within the 14m downhole intersection, two smaller intersections of 4m @ 0.9% Li2O from 17m to 21m and 3m @ 0.6% Li2O from 25m to 28m downhole were identified reflecting zonation of Li2O grade within the pegmatite unit.

When you watch today's Coffee with Samso, you will hear Julian Ford talking about a systematic process in trying to find an economic deposit. Readers must remember that the easy pegmatites have now all been discovered. What lies underneath in the depths of these projects will be the next prize. The lithium industry in Australia, the real spodumene discovery is still young. The Riversgold's story is one that has developed from concept to what is now creating some credibility. This is the virtue of mineral exploration. The more you drill, the more confident you become in creating a dream into reality. I think Riversgold has come a long way since our first Coffee with Samso in October 2022. Riversgold Limited (ASX: RGL) - Vectoring into the next Lithium Discovery. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:05 What is Riversgold about? 02:59 Updates on Riversgold projects: Mt Holland. 04:27 Mt Weld. 06:45 Tambourah Lithium Project. 11:09 Hypothesis for finding lithium. 14:06 What should investors look out for as a parameter for grade and size? 15:16 Thoughts on the current lithium market. 18:50 How should investors look at Riversgold? 22:25 How is Riversgold spending resources on their projects? 25:22 Comments on doubts about the demand of lithium. 27:21 News flow. 28:26 Why RGL? 31:16 Conclusion

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The segment of Rooster Talk Episode 70 is with Karyn Parker, Senior Exploration Geologist of Poseidon Nickel Limited (ASX: POS). In the video, Karyn tells us about the prospectivity of the Lake Johnson project. Karyn describes in detail the process in which exploration will be conducted to reveal the prospectivity of the project. This is an insight into what the team at Poseidon is doing in shaping up the projhect for a long life mine. Karyn had considerable responsibility for submitting a highly contested Government Grant application for funding a drilling program at their Lake Johnston site. The Exploration Incentive Scheme (EIS) Grant was successfully awarded to Poseidon and will be used for meeting the costs of the proposed 15,000m drilling program. The drilling is expected to get underway in early April and will test the highly prospective and underexplored Western Ultramafic Unit for new nickel sulphides. The proposed program aims to delineate and vector towards channel features along the basal contact of the Western Ultramafic Unit, the prime geological setting where nickel sulphides can accumulate. Karyn is very excited about commencing drilling at Lake Johnston where she will also be looking at opportunities to explore for lithium. Additionally, Karyn will be planning further investigative testing at both the Black Swan and the Windarra sites. Chapters: 00:00 Introduction and review of Karyn’s career. 01:50 Comments on the Announcement in respect to the Lake Johnston drilling program kicking off in early April. 03:30 The fertility of the Lake Johnston target area, inclusion of historical data indicating follow up drilling in overlooked areas. 04:55 Discussion of nickel grades around Lake Johnston site. 05:10 The anticipated nature of material mined from Lake Johnston versus ore from Black Swan site. 06:55 The Government drilling grant for Lake Johnston; Karyn’s role in preparing a successful submission. 08:45 Recalling her handling of super high grade core assays from Silver Swan/Golden Swan. Exploration potential for hitting more bonanza grade veins. 10:45 Tony’s comment on drilling targets.

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The path to production is now gathering pace and this Rooster Talk Episode 70 with Peter Harold, Managing Director and CEO of Poseidon Nickel Limited (ASX: POS). Samso’s Conclusions (Tony’s Take) We believe POS is about to embark on that final, exciting phase of a mining company’s journey – commencing production. The long term outlook for nickel is excellent and Poseidon is virtually unique, globally, amongst all those prospective and near term producers. It has multiple existing nickel assets from average to high to super high grade ores and strong drilling exploration targets - and it has infrastructure valued conservatively at over $600 million replacement value. The share price on the other hand, has waxed and waned at a relatively low level for more than a decade of trading, suffering from historical nickel price setbacks and this has induced a level of scepticism that, frankly, is unwarranted. Mr. Market values their shares at a paltry 3.6 cents, with a market cap of circa $120 million. The experienced management team in place led by Peter Harold has been diligently working through all the necessary precursors to production and during that process they have unlocked enormous economic potential.It is our firm belief that Poseidon will be substantially re-rated this year and, therefore, there is a great opportunity to get in early ahead of key announcements regarding the FID and Project Funding and Offtake Agreements. Chapters: 00:00 Introduction 01:17 Recap of March 6 Announcement; Black Swan Project progress leading to Final Invest Decision (FID) and Project Funding/Offtake Agreement. 05:12 Market perception and assay results implications. 07:50 The Expansion Project: investigating and modelling increasing the existing plant throughput from 1.1 mt/pa to 2.2 mt/pa. The production of two different grades and forms of nickel concentrate. 14:48 Cost implications of production expansion (per unit and capex). 16:03 Life of Mine comments. 19:05 Holistic mining scenarios, incorporating Lake Johnson with Black Swan and Windarra assets (all geographically separated sites). 25:23 Cascading effect of multiple assets becoming mined over time. 26:39 Refurbishment of Black Swan processing plant – time to complete and get into production. 27:26 Confidence in achieving the milestone of FID and Project Funding/Offtake Agreement. 32:15 Concluding comments from Tony.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 170 is with Brett Hazelden, Managing Director and CEO of OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6). The space in the Rare Earth sector is maturing fast and the understanding of the sector is highly sought after by investors and companies. Brett Hazelden has again, given us a masterclass on all aspects of the Rare Earth Industry. The Story of OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6) OD6 Metals is all about Rare Earths Elements (REE) in the southern region of Western Australia. It is located just north of the town of Esperance. As we were doing this Coffee with Samso, the market capitalisation of the company was around AUD26M and the share price was sitting around AUD 0.25. The company is focusing on both the Grass Patch and Splinter Rock project which have both undergone drilling campaigns defining potential resources. The most recent announcements have highlighted the recent activities at both projects. Figure 1: Project locations for OD6 Metals Limited. (source: OD6 Metals) The Word According To Brett Hazelden For those readers that have been following the Samso platform, you will know that the last two Coffee with Samso has been in this commodity space. The general specifications of the Rare Earth sector is fundamentally the same. We all know what the metals do and why they are important. As I have said many times, the key to the Clay Rare Earth sector is all about how to solve the downstream processing. The unlocking of this will open a floodgate of opportunities for both investors and companies. What are the Key Points of the Unlocking of the Downstream Process? One of the benefits of talking to so many industry leaders is that I am learning all the recent technologies and thinking processes. What the small cap industry excels in is the ability to think fast and nimble to get the story on track. In the world of Rare Earth, Clay Rare Earth deposits, there is such a thing called "Refractory" and "Free Leaching" deposits. When I heard that, I had a light bulb moment. My first thought was that companies with free leaching clay deposits will be first cap of the "unlocking" process. As everything is so new, this is one way of prioritising which company or what to look for in "stories". There are many other factors but I guess this is a great way to understand what companies have in respect to the geology and the potential of future deposits. Samso Conclusion There is nothing new for OD6 Metals Limited. The path forward is to generate tonnage and grade while they are looking for the answer to the processing part of the equation. The unknown part of the equation is not about the ability to extract the Rare Earths from the clays, as Brett mentioned. The question is what is the process to do this with best practice environmental process that will pass the test of time and the ESG signoff. The biggest asset that OD6 Metals (apart from the obvious) is that the adjacent assets owned by other companies in the region are also facing the same issue and have similar resources. The collective group is making this region a Rare Earth province. I have mentioned previously that my thoughts are that the government conversations indicate to me, that there is a potential of creating a Rare Earth downstream industry in Australia. The current political rhetoric with the rising China Cold War stance may indeed force the Australian government to react and this would be a great occasion for all those involved in the Southern Region of Western Australia. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:13 Who is OD6? 01:54 How has the Airborne Electromagnetic Survey (AEM) worked for OD6. 03:40 OD6 is more about Size rather than Depth. 04:36 How has your understanding changed? 07:41 Differences between Grass Patch and Splinter Rock. 10:50 Differentiating Refractory styles to Free Leaching Styles of the REE Clays. 14:25 Are the Chinese more Clay or Ionic styles? 19:00 Can Ionic clay be a major commodity Industry? 20:23 How much has the rare earth market changed? 22:15 How does the rare earth market situation translate to the equity market? 23:45 Why OD6? 26:39 Current market 27:53 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 168 with Brad Underwood, Executive Chair and Managing Director of Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL) talks about the year of Callisto. The discovery of the Callisto PGE system in Norseman, Western Australia has all but sealed the future paths of the company. Galileo Mining is now at the resource building stage and Brad is calling 2023 the Year of Callisto. This episode is all about where Callisto is headed in the near future. The Galileo story has always been about finding resources. It is a rare company in the small cap mineral resource company that is focused on finding a resource that is meaningful. As we know, the amount of work is directly related to what is in the bank account. Galileo has a lot of funds in their bank account. The reason Galileo can sustain the continuous mineral exploration activities is due to the fact that the major shareholder is Mark Creasy. You would not take very long before your Google search will tell you the caliber of this shareholder. Galileo will continue to drill and by all accounts from the recent drilling, the grades are looking to be getting better with depth. I has suspected that the early exploration results were indicating some trend towards the east, and it is nice to see that more drilling has shown this to be true. Brad Underwood gives us a great review of the results and what investors should take away form the Coffee with Samso. The Callisto story is a classic successful mineral exploration story of perseverance, having the faith on the science and a great management team. DYOR is the key here for investors and shareholders. I encourage viewers to reach out to Brad Underwood and get him to explain any questions you may have from the Coffee with Samso. Get your favourite beverage and enjoy this episode of Coffee with Samso. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:28 Brad Underwood introduce Galileo Mining Limited. 02:04 Is 2023 All about Callisto ? 03:33 Brad narrates the mineralisation at Callisto. 07:41 Is the grade increasing with Depth ? 09:21 Galileo is All In on Callisto. 11:08 Proving the geological model. 11:52 What is Callisto? 13:41 How much of Callisto is still not understood ? 15:41 Galileo is all about finding resources. 17:56 How is recent results adding to the value of Callisto ? 20:30 News Flow 22:17 How should Investors view Galileo Mining Limited now ? 24:18 Can Callisto get bigger? 25:34 Why buy Galileo Mining Limited? 26:36 The exciting part of the Galileo Mining Limited 26:59 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk Episode 159 is with Barry Cahill, Executive Director of Cyprium Metals Limited (ASX:CYM) In this episode with Cyprium Metals Limited we are talking about the recent announcement - USD35M Secured Offtake Prepayment Facility for Nifty Copper Project Restart - highlighting the prepayment of USD 35M which is basically the last piece of the puzzle that will hopefully bring about the start of copper plate production for shareholders of Cyprium Metals Limited. Barry Cahill slowly detail the meaning of the announcement and take viewers through the myriad of steps that will trigger production of copper plates at the Nifty operations. The Cyprium story is now taking shape with this announcement. As a shareholder, I feel that it will just be a matter of time before a re rating of the company will take place. Cyprium is all about the Oxides and Heap Leaching to extract the copper. There are many commentaries in the market place but they have focused on the old mishaps of Nifty. Cyprium has made it simple. Mine the oxides only and worry about the sulphides later. Get yourself comfortable and listen to Barry telling us the journey, good and bad, since we last spoke to him in March 2022. Listen to previous conversations with Cyprium Metals Limited. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:09 All About The Secured Offtake Prepayment Facility 03:12 Is the Financing Done ? 05:34 What does the Facility mean for Cyprium ? 07:29 How should Investors Position with Cyprium Metals ? 09:43 Nifty - Positive and Negative. 10:13 The Negative Perception of Nifty. 11:26 Reasons why Australia is not good with Heap Leaching. 11:46 History of Nifty Production. 14:00 The Negativity around Nifty. 14:50 Nifty - The Cyprium Way - All About the Oxides. 20:41 Is the Nifty Oxide Heap Leaching all about Particle Size and Chemistry. 23:15 Any more Regulatory Boxes to Tick Off? 25:04 Has the Tiger been thrown out the Door? 25:32 Underestimated Value of Nifty. 26:57 Timing and News flow ? 28:07 Summary of the Finance Equation. 29:08 Conclusion

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The nickel mining space is now gathering pace and this Coffee with Samso Episode 167 with Peter Harold, Managing Director and CEO of Poseidon Nickel Limited (ASX: POS), is all about the changing dynamics. The Black Swan story stems from a long history of nickel prospecting and mining in the Kalgoorlie - Kambalda district. The company has gone trough great lengths to come up with Bankable Feasibility Study (BFS) which looks good. Some people may say that the projections are not realistic but there I feel that the move to an EV world is the need to take quantum leaps in the mineral resource industry. The pricing of copper and nickel, which is principally the building blocks of industrialisation are now primed to move in a positive direction. There are many commentaries out in the marketplace clearly showing that the apatite for a No Emission world is going to require magnitudes of mining activities. The increase is not going to be something that we have had in the past. This is a step move and the first companies that will take advantage, the first companies that will be rewarded are those closest to mining. The boom bust cycle of commodity prices will continue but at a different level. Hence, companies like Poseidon are well placed. The BFS is robust and using spot price is a ingenious move as the market [perception is the nickel price is moving. Peter is comfortably talking to us about all the ins and outs of the Poseidon story. Check out the conversation in this Coffee with Samso and, as I always encourage, DYOR. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:01 Why did Peter join Poseidon Nickel Limited? 01:56 The geology of the project - Epic Silver Swan Discovery 03:23 The projects of Poseidon Nickel Limited 05:17 Infrastructure of the project 07:06 Lake Johnston - Drilling Program and EIS grant 10:15 Bankable Feasibility Study 14:37 What are you going to do with the product? MOU with PBT 18:44 Global significance of nickel - Government support 25:37 ESG 27:20 Recent drilling 30:12 Comments on the share price - MST report 41:00 Poseidon Mythology - back in the days 47:14 Final comments 50:18 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 166 is with Mike Haynes, Managing Director and CEO of New World Resources Limited (ASX:NWC). Just over 12 months ago, we had New World Resources Limited (ASX:NWC) with us talking about the Antler VMS project. This story has now moved onto the Scoping Study stage with a new resource. Investors in the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) are struggling to find a decent copper story. The last company that was not considered a major has now been taken over and that was Oz Minerals Limited (ASX: OZL). Oz Minerals was no minnow so there is a big gap in the market. The next level brings Sandfire Resources Limited (ASX: SFR) into the discussion. Aeris Resources Limited (ASX: AIS) is another "small" copper producer on this scale. From here, the discussion pretty much ends. Here lies the opportunity to look at companies that have a long life and the potential to make that dream come true. The New World Resources Limited story is a very convincing one as you watch and listen to Mike Haynes talk about the Scoping Study results. As all investors have experienced, what is clearly oblivious becomes not so clear cut as time goes by. It is this reason that I encourage readers and viewers to DYOR and seek out Mike Haynes. Send him the questions. As I am researching New World Resources, I am struck by the great numbers coming out of the Scoping Study. This episode of Coffee with Samso is all about why the Antler project is so unique in grade and resource. Check out the Coffee with Samso with Mike Haynes from New World Resources Limited. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:16 Recap of the Antler Copper Project 07:03 How is the geology? 09:17 Good grade numbers 11:31 Explaining the share price to investors 14:50 The high grade variation issue 16:43 Scoping Study results 17:58 How good is the Antler Copper project in terms of numbers? 24:54 Any potential hiccups? 26:46 How much movement will we see in the numbers? 30:13 Any concerns about future funding? 34:38 News flow 36:45 Why New World Resources Limited? 37:28 Conclusion

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The Esperance region could be the "Pilbara" of Rare Earths and Coffee with Samso Episode 165 with Guy Le Page, Non-Executive Director of Mount Ridley Mines Limited (ASX: MRD), is all about the realisation of a Clay-Hosted Rare Earth Region. The Rare Earth narrative is gaining pace. This is a great thing for the investors in this space but I feel that there is still no straight answer to what constitute a workable project. All the numbers are a blur and what is a number/grade that is a cause for celebrations. In addition, what is a good sized resource that will make a project economical. The Mount Ridley REE project appears to have all the components that make a good resource project. The grade (according to current descriptions) is among the peers. The length of intercept in the current drilling looks acceptable, again, according to the comparisons from peer projects. When I look at the current Clay REE story, as Guy Le page rightly points out, it is now all about metallurgy. The companies that are in the industry are trying to figure out how to treat the resources. The expertise that is in China has been a vacuum and that is not a good path for the Non-Chinese Rare Earth projects. As you watch and listen to Guy Le Page narrate the path forward for the REE players, it is crystal clear that they must work our the chemistry side of the business. What is also abundantly clear to me is that the region, the Esperance region, is made for industry. Everything is set up for some industry to come along and make full use of the facilities. In one of our discussions, Guy and I agreed that when the companies come up with a flow sheet that will drive the REE business. The business will have a very smooth transition as the Esperance township will embrace the opportunity with open arms. Check out the conversation in this Coffee with Samso and as I always encourage, DYOR. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:52 What is Mount Ridley all about? 02:20 A new province? 04:43 Can or will Australia be moving into an era of being a Rare Earths player? 06:07 Is it Clay harder than Hard Rock projects? 08:12 IS Rare Earths all about volume like the Cola story? 09:47 REO Type Breakdown 10:55 The Geopolitical Issue 14:59 MRD has bee Quiet achiever. 16:50 Thoughts on the market 17:59 News flow for the next 12 months 19:13 Why MRD? 20:02 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 164: Exploration work has begun at the Bangemall project and its starting to come up with very interesting results. Allan Kelly, Executive Chair of Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R) narrates this story. When we did the first episode of Coffee with Samso with Miramar Resources, I liked the Bangemall and Whaleshark projects. To me, these two had the potentially a big pay day if the results came good. The plan at that time was always to begin activities at these projects but the focus was at Gidji. This episode of Coffee with Samso is all about the Bangemall. In some ways, the Bangemall is the western end and the Whaleshark project is the eastern end members of the Gascoyne/Ashburton complex, respectively. This region has been a neglected part of the Western Australian mineral exploration world till about 12 months ago. The reason I was interested in these projects is that they lie in this mobile belts that have hosted many mineral deposits. For those people who have been following the Samso series of videos, you will have come across the many conversations about finding great deposits in regions once neglected. The Bangemall and Whaleshark projects is another example. If you had watched the earlier conversations with Allan Kelly, you would have heard him talking about the reasons why he picked these projects. The Bangemall Story - Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R) - Coffee with Samso - Episode 146 The Whaleshark Project Story - A Discussion : Miramar Resources Ltd (ASX: M2R) - Rooster Talk The recent market darling has been dealing with the discovery of Rare Earths in clays. I have made several comments about the need to differentiate, potential economic discoveries and a discovery. In the case of the guys in the Gascoyne-Ashburton region, they are looking for hard rock versions. They are looking for carbonatites or equivalents. Companies have projects and they must choose the one that gives the company the greatest value. This is one of the best traits of good management. One should never fall in love with the projects. If there is a favorable outcome for the company, the strategy must allow for divestments. Check out the episode and always, DYOR.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 163 is all about Rare Earths. Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) has just made several announcements on the discoveries of Rare Earths on their Golden Grove North and Mount Lindsay projec The mass discoveries of REE of recent is testament to the fact that Rare Earths are not very Rare. Most retail investors are not too concerned about the facts and the viability of REE projects as they jostle for trading opportunities. Many of these investors are only interested in the systems of "selling dreams". One cannot begrudge this trading system. Trading to sell dreams have made a lot investors money. I dont work well with that system. I always end up with the short straw. I take my advice from a friend and mentor Geoffrey Donohue who taught me to not flow with the sentiment of the market but DYOR. Like all the great investors that we hear about, they are all into real facts and great management. Like all businesses, there are some that will be around for a long time and there are those that dance on tables now, but are never in the spotlight when the tide subsides. The best of these quotes are those from Warren Buffet. When I look at Venture Minerals, with the recent announcements, the first thing that came to my mind was whether this could be the catalyst that Mt Lindsay need to get going. A credit to the mining cost that would give the tin and tungsten the boost for profitability. One of the best words used in the mining process is credits. Mining of the REE will be a the same stage as any other proposal to mine the Tin and Tungsten so the excitement will be how much of the REE will contribute to the bottom line. In many other REE project, they will need volume and logistics. Venture will be adding the REEs to an existing mining schedule which will likely create credits to any spreadsheet. When you look at the Cadia Gold Copper Mining Project, the most profitable gold mine in Australia, it's All In Sustaining Cost (ALSC) is negative. In January 20921, Newcrest announced a record AISC of negative US$6 ($7.83) per ounce of gold was due to higher copper prices and sales volumes, along with the timing of sustaining capital expenditure (Australian Mining).

Cadia produces gold doré from a gravity circuit and gold-rich copper concentrates from a flotation circuit at Cadia. The gold dore is then refined at the Perth Mint and concentrates are piped to a dewatering plant at nearby Blayney and sent by rail to Port Kembla in New South Wales for export.

The Molybdenum Plant is expected to deliver an additional revenue stream in the form of a molybdenum concentrate which will be a by-product credit to AISC per ounce.

---- Newcrest Website

This is one of the most productive mine in Australia but it took a long time from discovery to production. At one stage, there was talk that this project was not going to get the tick of approval. Cadia was a closed mine since 1929 and only rejuvenated in 1992. Production as we know it did not happen immediately. Hence, when I hear all the negative narratives about Venture Minerals, I would like to remind viewers that all the great projects in the world today did not happen overnight. The tin and tungsten strategy has not disappeared. The resurgence of the REE sector is mainly due to the recent changing geopolitical positions. The jostling for the biggest bully in international politics is just beginning. This will impact Venture immensely as tin, tungsten and REE are key players in the critical and essential sectors. I sense that the resurgence of Tungsten may not be far away. Tungsten, economical amounts, are indeed rare. The importance on the military side of things will make Tungsten take the spotlight. Coupled with REE and tin, I think Venture is definitely worth putting on your watch screen and DYOR. Take time and listen to Andrew Radonjic talk about the latest discoveries of REE in their projects. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:55 News about rare earths prospects 02:12 What are the learnings from the discoveries? 05:27 How do you want investors to see Venture Minerals? 11:12 A good geology setting for carbonatites? 13:54 How do you see the rare earths market going forward? 17:38 Updates on other projects - Kulin and Thor 23:02 Are we in the phase of new discoveries? 27:22 News flow 30:48 Why Venture Minerals? 33:35 Conclusion

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"}}},"VERSION":"9.3.6"}"> "}}},"VERSION":"9.3.6"}"> Coffee with Samso Episode 162 is all about uranium. Today, we hear from Caroline Keats, Managing Director and CEO of ENRG Elements Limited (ASX: EEL) about their Uranium Project in Niger, a well known uranium province. For decades, Niger is a known uranium producing nation in an endowed U3O8 mineralising province. When I think of a mineral province, my thoughts are the area is a proven mineralised system. In this day and age, the need to get the product to market is a very important aspect as well. The first Uranium story on Samso was in 2019 with Mike Young from Vimy Resources Limited. Vimy has since been taken over by Deep Yellow Limited (ASC: DYL). At that time, there was still a lot of resistance to the uranium business. I feel the sentiment in the market has changed dramatically since 2019. There has been a recent rise in the price of "yellowcake" to above USD60 per pound. With little activity in the uranium sector, our recent interview with Simon Mitchell of Orpheus Minerals Limited may have sparked off new perceived sentiments when they announced their IPO. Simon told our listeners about the new company doing uranium exploration in Australia. The ENRG Element story is very different We are talking about a project that is in a proven uranium mining province. We are talking about a proven uranium mineralised province. The nation of Niger is a significant uranium player. My realisation of the potential of Enrg Elements is that there is a history of uranium mining and extraction in Niger. There are big players involved and the increasing sentiment for nuclear energy could make this a very interesting proposition. Serious Business ENRG Elements has a project that Paladin Energy Limited (ASX: PDN) had as a second project and they did work on the property. This was a project that Paladin did research on and acquired. It wasn't moose pasture. This was also a project that is in a known and proven mineralised province. ENRG Elements has an inferred resource on the project as well. Definitely not a hope and a prayer style project. The fact is that the company, ENRG Elements has to complete the journey to prove the economic viability of the project. The economic viability of the project is no longer uncertain as a good part of the journey is completed. Jurisdiction risks are always present but somewhat less in Niger as they are in the business of uranium already. Take some time, listen to the episode and use the information as part of your DYOR process. Do Your Own Research but don't let this slip. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:23 About Caroline and ENRG 02:51 About the Agadez Project 06:48 Being based in a producing country 11:08 Is ENRG a critical metal company or an energy company? 13:21 The view on Uranium 15:51 The future of nuclear power 18:52 How should investors position themselves? 20:43 How should investors view ENRG? 21:54 The Ghanzi West Copper Project 23:12 News flow 23:52 Why EEL? 24:49 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk Episode 67 is with Brett Hazelden, Managing Director and CEO of OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6). When we last spoke on Coffee with Samso Episode 158, Brett gave us a lesson in Rare Earths and how Investors should look at this sector. In this episode, Brett is now showing the proof in the pudding. The recent results is showing the market that OD6 Metals has the asset to make the company into a future REE producer. The recent announcement on the 10 November 2022 entitled "Outstanding High-Grade Clay Rare Earths with Extensive Areas Confirmed at Splinter Rock" has not set up the company for a lot of attention from investors in the ASX. Brett is narrating this episode to help us understand what all the numbers mean. It is not easy to understand what makes the Rare Earth project ticks. However, if you are looking to invest in this sector and you are not playing the "selling dreams" message, then it is best you take notice.

These initial rare earth assay results are outstanding and represent some of the highest grades and thickest clay-hosted rare earth intersections seen in Australia. The extent and consistency of these shallow, high-grade clays have

resulted in four significant prospects being identified that are between four and seven kilometers in width which are open in length, on our 2,579km2 Splinter Rock project.

Importantly, these drill results validate historic assays, plus they extend the discovery of clay-hosted rare earths across a new drill line perpendicular to the original line. This bodes well for future drilling, which we anticipate will significantly grow the known mineralised area.

The Splinter Rock Project, with its proximity to port and renewable energy generation potential, now has the very real potential to be a globally significant, world class group of mineral systems that could be a multigenerational asset as the world transitions to the decarbonised economy.

The scale of these clays is hard to comprehend when you start talking multiple kilometers in one direction at a thickness of between 10 to 30m. The potential is massive.”

Comments by Brett Hazelden 10th November 2022

In a fast moving REE business, there is merit is putting your money into the best option. I always tell people that if you want to take great photos, use a camera. The problem with that statement now is that the phones take great photos too. The difference will come to the photographer. OD6 appear to have great management and the projects are looking to be bulky and substantial. Do Your Own Research and check out this Rooster Talk. Check out the previous Coffee with Samso on REE: OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6) - The Rare Earth Elements Story. Mt Ridley Mines Limited (ASX: MRD) - Why Invest in this REE company? Northern Minerals Limited on the latest on the Rare Earth Market Northern Minerals Ltd (ASX: NTU) and Rare Earths Industry Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:07 Brett updates on the announcement. 01:54 What does your grades mean? 02:56 How does the basement topography affect your project? 03:55 All about the reservoir. 04:18 Has the recently confirming the strike of the project? 05:19 30km strike is a large prospect. 05:43 Magnetic REO and Critical REO. 07:42 What has OD6 learnt from the recent drilling? 09:19 Is there research on the other REE members? 10:21 Any "Spanners' or Hurdles" come out of the recent drilling? 11:26 News Flow 14:05 Is OD6 more attractive now? 14:56 Volume is Important in REE. 15:38 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 161 is all about uranium. Orpheus Minerals Limited (ASX: ORP) is currently completing their Initial Public Offer which will close on the 25th November 2022. Simon Mitchell , the Managing Director of Orpheus Minerals Limited (ASX: ORP) shares his thoughts on a sector that rarely makes an appearance in recent media coverage. Simon has extensive experience in the uranium sector and he gives a great summary of why Orpheus is on a path that is now just getting some attention. Uranium has been a dirty word for a while and the last major market interest of substance was as far back as 2006. There was some interest a couple of years back but that was very short lived. In this episode we focused on the Orpheus projects and what the market sentiment will be for uranium. We had a discussion of the two major styles uranium geology. This is a great episode for new investors to get some sort of an understanding on the roll-front and unconformity style uranium deposits. There was a discussion on the market and why the future for uranium looks bright. Orpheus has also selected project in two Australian states that have good uranium mining policies. Those that are looking for exposure in this sector should give Orpheus minerals a good looking as they have two of the main points I always look for in a company, a good project and an even better management. Check out the management team and you will find that there is a great wealth of experience in uranium space. This is very rare. There are not many uranium exploration companies that have a stable of uranium experience like Orpheus Minerals Limited. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:23 Introduction to Simon Mitchell 02:38 Why Australia for Uranium? 03:37 Australian Uranium Province 05:47 The Orpheus Paleo-Channel Projects 06:15 The Orpheus Northern Territory Projects 06:43 The Frome Project 07:53 The Two major Styles of Uranium Geology 08:56 The Paleo-Channel / Roll-Front Uranium Style 10:51 Do Paleo-Channel Uranium Projects occur together? 12:53 The Cooking Pot - Mineral System of Uranium Mineralisation 13:56 Phosphate as a Uranium Pathfinder Mineral 15:17 The Unconformity Uranium Geology 20:08 Geological Unconformity Explained 21:06 The Covid Unconformity Example 21:25 Why is Uranium going to be in Focus? 26:33 Where is the Uranium Discussion Now? 27:44 Whats the Global Nuclear Point of View? 32:34 What is the progress of Nuclear Safety? 34:46 Great Advancement of Safety in the Nuclear sector. 37:09 The Orpheus IPO Progress 38:04 Key takeaway from Simon Mitchell 38:39 Key management of Orpheus Minerals Limited 40:26 Conclusion

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Samso Insight Episode 107 is with a Andrew Drummond who is the author of two books, Rocks In Our Heads and More Rocks In Our Heads. Andrew Drummond is a seasoned geologist who has seen and done numerous thing that can only be described in a book and on Samso Insights. The book is a compilation of stories that showcase the extraordinary lengths which geologists are willing to go for the love of the job. This is a great insight into the thinking and the passion that makes geologist such a special breed. Geologist do what they do for the love of the adventure and the discovery. I think this profession is the nearest profession that takes the mind into the realms of adventure. The kind of adventure that is promoted in movies such as "Raiders of the Lost Ark". The "Indian Jones" of the world is what these guys do. The guy sitting in the Africa, South American, Mongolian pubs after a days work is what this book brings to the everyday readers. People today think that the guy in the office is the real geologists or the guy sitting on a drill rig logging cores. Those guys are not the ones that make these jobs available. It is the guy that goes into the heat, rain, and sometimes dangerous places that makes projects work. The most recent story is that of Caigan Wang, the Managing Director of of Tietto Minerals Limited (ASX: TIE) whose sheer tenacity of going into the business of Africa to get the project for the company. The story of Caigan Wang is what the two books written by Andrew Drummond is all about. If you want to have a good read about how some of these non-Australian projects work and not work, or have an understanding of the amount of work that is required, get these books and that will give you a good idea. You get hold of these books by emailing Andrew Drummond at andrew@ajdrummond.com.au. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:29 Andrew Drummond - Introduction 02:54 The Background of Rocks In Our Heads. 05:52 The Essence of the Book. 06:24 Rob Duncan - A Chopper In Poli, Cameroon, 1975 10:03 Do the old levels of determination still exist? 11:22 Tony Gates -East Timor, 1999 14:49 Andrew on the future of the mineral exploration sector. 19:10 Rome was not Built in a Day. 22:11 The rollercoaster ride of a Geologist. 23:34 The exploration surprises. 24:14 Are there still Giant deposit to be discovered? 26:03 Where could be the next Frontier? 28:00 The Wild Card discovery of Julimar. 28:36 The Key of a Mineral System Exploration. 29:09 The Difficulty of Making a Discovery - More Rocks In Our Head. 31:05 More Rocks In Our Heads - Ore Bodies are Hard to Monetise. 33:09 The Hard stories of Real Mineral Exploration. 34:20 How do you Convince the Market you have a Good Project ? 37:26 The Opportunities of a Big Brother. 38:30 The Motivation of the Chase to Discovery 41:26 Andrew Reflection on the two books. 42:22 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso Episode 160 is with Prineas, Executive Chair of St George Mining Limited (ASX: SGQ) In this episode with St George Mining Limited , we have John Prineas telling us all about the lithium discovery within their Mt Alexander project. I have recently had a few conversations about lithium and I feel that the investing market has not realised that the lithium exploration timeline has just started. The lithium euphoria has only been happening for the last two years. The discovery has been all the easy pickings and more commentary is now in the public domain about the discovery of pegmatites that are basically under cover. Like all the previous commodity boom, the strong demand vs. supply equation will carry the rest of the lithium sector further. My view of the sector is that the demand for lithium will definitely outstrip what the work can provide, literally. The mining of lithium will never catch up with the need for the metal. There is no doubt about this statement. St George Mining is now on the verge of joining the ranks of all the potential players out there with one pointed advantage. It is just 10km and along strike (within the potential mineralisation trend) of the Mt Ida Lithium project which is owned my Red Dirt Metals Limited (ASX: RDT). In this episode, viewers should take note of the potential the current drilling program. There have been rock chip results showing mineralisation but the drilling results will be the conclusive. The width mapped on the surface and the rock chip assays should give some indication of the potential. It does not take a genius to realise that there will be pegmatite drilled and there will be number. Where the results will take the project is the unknown. I would start asking the company some serious questions and keep an eye on announcements from the company. Watch this conversation and make a decision to do some serious DYOR. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:27 About St George Mining. 01:58 Discovery having similar geology with Mt Ida. 03:32 How encouraging is the width of pegmatites? 05:13 The drilling program. 05:47 Lithium Exploration is still Young. 07:17 How much of the tenement has been looked at? 08:12 Is it advantageous to be close to Mt Ida? 09:26 Discovering the use of lithium. 11:10 How is your experience with the lithium trend? 13:07 St George Mining’s nickel projects. 15:20 Sharing the funding between two projects. 16:45 What are your thoughts on the market? 18:00 Do you see WA being the dominant player in the lithium space? 21:05 News flow. 22:01 Why St George Mining? 22:41 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk Episode 65 is with Brad Valiukas, Managing Director of Aurumin Limited (ASX: AUN) In this episode of Rooster Talk with Aurumin Limited (ASX:AUN) about the latest announcement on the upgrading of the Sandstone resource. This has been a developing story since the last time we had a Coffee in January 2022. This is a brief discussion of the resource upgrade and what it means in the overall scheme of the project. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:21 Update from Brad. 01:45 Two Mile Hill Resource Upgrade. 03:37 What is required from here ? 06:33 What is the Sandstone Story Now ? 07:24 The Two Prong Approach to Sandstone. 08:23 Are there any "Spanners" in the works? 09:04 News flow 10:01 Brads Las Words 10:27 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk Episode 66 is with Julian Ford, CEO of Riversgold Limited (ASX: RGL). The exploration for lithium is now expanding to all corners of the Australian continent. The obvious places are now covered. The understanding of LCT pegmatites are now common language. Check out the previous Coffee with Samso with Riversgold: Riversgold Limited (ASX: RGL) - Vectoring into the next Lithium Discovery. In this episode Julian update us on the mineralisation at Tambourah and discuss what the results mean for Riversgold and where management is taking the company. There are some great notes on the whole LCT pegmatite science and the methods that are being employed by Riversgold in their search for discovery. The geological understanding of where more pegmatites can be found now lies in understanding the geological science that producers these geological bodies. Take some time, listen to the episode and use the information as part of your DYOR process. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:56 The announcement. 03:45 The relationship between Lepidolite and Spodumene. 06:18 Lithium Exploration is still early. 07:41 The Lessons from the results. 09:36 What is your Exploration Strategy Now? 11:31 How should Investors look at Riversgold Now? 12:54 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso Episode 159 with Barry Cahill, Executive Director of Cyprium Metals Limited (ASX:CYM) In this episode with Cyprium Metals Limited we are recapping on the journey since we last spoke earlier this year. I have Barry Cahill sharing with us all aspects of the company's activities and its continued struggle to finance the Nifty Copper mine. This Coffee with Samso with Barry focusses on the reasons Cyprium is the leader of the pack in terms of upcoming Copper producers. When we look around the ASX, there is a large gap between the large producers such as BHP (ASX: BHP) and the recently bought Oz Minerals. There is a big gap in between and the current breed of mid cap producers is largely missing. There was Austral Resources Limited which was doing some ore moving but that has gone a bit quiet. There is no doubt that the quest to be the next producer is not easy. One topic that has largely gone unnoticed about the Copper miners is the difference of a producer to go to Copper sheet (Cyprium Method) and the tradition refinery route. The diagram below, which is taken straight out of the Cyprium presentation, show why Cyprium is different. The Cyprium Nifty project has a lot of benefits in reducing cost and carbon emissions as it is a brownfield refurbishment project with extensive assets already in place. Get yourself comfortable and listen to Barry telling us the journey, good and bad, since we last spoke to him in March 2022.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 156 with William Potma, Chief Geologist and Crispin Pike, VP, Discovery of Matador Mining Limited (ASX: MZZ) Matador Mining has changed strategy to be more exploration focused. I can see this as a very calculated approach. A focus to look for the "Holy Grail" is a smart move. This is a technical episode where we discussed what makes Cape Ray tick and how management will tackle the concept of discovery. Warren and Crispin made some great discussion on The How's, The Why, The Where and The With What conversation. This is a must have discussion as the size of the project is hard to conceptualize for the average investor. The magnitude of 120km of strike length may be big but its the location of secondary and the tertiary structural points that will make discoveries. Many geoscientists in this area will agree that there are many big deposits, big economic deposits that have come from these secondary and tertiary points. For those that want to understand the technical aspect of the Matador story, it is a great time to make a coffee or tea, sit back and enjoy this Coffee with Samso. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:45 Warren Potma and Matador Mining 04:27 Crispin Pike and the progress of exploration activities 07:40 Geophysics as a dominant tool used by exploration 08:49 Discussion about big projects 12:33 Shallow drilling at Cape Ray 13:16 Is Cape Ray geologically unique? 14:57 What is the market sentiment for Matador and the Gold sector? 16:45 Thoughts on the project as the Exploration Manager 19:24 Challenges of the project 22:24 Jurisdiction matters 25:19 The Hermitage Project 28:44 Could Hermitage be a first tier project? 29:30 Are regional structure controls dominating the Mineralisation? 31:13 Finding the next bigger deposits 32:10 How big can the Matador projects end up? 33:41 News flow 35:51 Takeaway from the Coffee with Samso 38:17 Conclusion

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Samso Insight Episode 105 is with a legend journalist in the Australian Minerals Industry, Ross Louthean. Ross Louthean has been a journalist that has been active in this industry since the 1970s and he has seen everything that has come across the ASX, good and bad. This is a especial episode of Samso Insights as I try to get the legendary Ross Louthean to share his thoughts on our mineral exploration industry. Our conversation centered on his experience over the years and how the industry has changed since the early days of "punting" the stocks that are in the everyday lives of small cap investors today. I will be getting Ross back on Samso Insights as he has many more wisdom to share and one episode will not do it justice. So look out for more content from Mr. Louthean in the coming future. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:11 About Ross 02:35 How do you stand out from the crowd? 04:13 Strength of commodities 07:15 Paid journalism 08:55 Any regrets about past stories? 12:21 Golden years in New Zealand? 15:03 Talks about sharing about a processing hub 18:15 Is it harder to find discoveries now? 19:53 Long term commodities 20:36 Lithium rare earths story 24:25 The Poseidon Story 27:55 All-in sustaining costs in mines 29:08 Looking back at Kalgoorlie and other mining towns 30:21 How do companies stand out from the crowd? 32:05 Words of wisdom to mining companies 32:54 What should gold miners do to get up on the podium? 34:01 Words from Ross 35:43 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 158 is with Brett Hazelden, Managing Director and CEO of OD6 Metals Limited (ASX: OD6). The recent rise in Rare Earth companies has thrown attention into a sector that was largely ignored for over a decade. There were some movement in the station but largely a sector that had no excitement for investors. The geopolitical instability has created what could be a lucrative business for Australia. There is a lot of narration about Australia creating a more value added resource sector. If this were to materialise, this would add fuel to the coming bull market. The is no secret that the world is moving to a future that requires a clean energy path. It is also widely accepted now that to achieve the clean energy that is demanded, there is a need for a lot more minerals. Investors who take stock of the increasing demand and hear about the dwindling stocks will agree that there must be another bull run. In this episode, Brett Hazelden gives us a good lesson about the REE market. I believe that the market does not actually understand the ins and outs of the sector. The results in the announcements are all just numbers. Brett agrees with my comments and hence he has delivered a great episode of Coffee with Samso as he slowly unravels the mystery of the REE market. We have covered a large aspect of the sector you must take time and watch this episode if you want to know about the Rare Earth market. Check out the previous Coffee with Samso on REE: Mt Ridley Mines Limited (ASX: MRD) - Why Invest in this REE company? Northern Minerals Limited on the latest on the Rare Earth Market Northern Minerals Ltd (ASX: NTU) and Rare Earths Industry Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:06 About Brett and OD6 Limited 02:42 What caused the rare minerals rush? 04:54 Rundown of the project 07:22 What is the "Holy Grail" number that will be an economic grade ? 09:22 Are neodymium and praseodymium still the market for rare earths? 10:44 Trends in the geology 13:41 Chemistry and relative comparison of conductivity? 14:50 Possibility of relationship with China? 17:18 The Ionic clays 18:51 Relationship between granites 22:58 What is the difference between Splinter Rock and Grass Patch? 23:54 What other possibilities are there? 24:59 Pegmatites in the granites? 27:01 Marketing the project 29:20 Has there been any initiatives to go and talk to the government? 35:01 What is causing the increase in demand of rare earth minerals? 36:35 News flow 37:37 Why invest in OD6? 38:08 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 157 is with Julian Ford, CEO of Riversgold Limited (ASX: RGL). The lithium sector has been red hot the last two years and all evidence are pointing to another long bull run. The narrative of the supply shortage of lithium is gathering pace and even I am on the band wagon now. One of the most important point that readers need to understand is that lithium in an economic deposit is not easy to locate. In my opinion, in the immediate short to medium term, two things will happen. First is that the price of lithium goes significantly higher. The second is that the demand and the pricing will drive more exploration for lithium. The need to find more will be a driver for more exploration activities in Western Australia and Australia. Canada and the United States will see more activity as well, but I sense that the activity here in Australia will be the major player. Hence, the need for investors to understand how this will happen and what the on coming results mean is critical. Check out the previous Coffee with Samso on Lithium: Red Dirt Metals Limited (ASX:RDT) - A Lithium Gem within a Gold Mine. Pan Asia Metals Limited (ASX: PAM) - An Economical Lithium Story in Thailand. Critical Resources Limited (ASX: CRR) has both critical metals - Lithium and Zinc. Is Mining Zinnwaldite an Overlooked Lithium Source? Pan Asia Metals Limited (ASX: PAM) banks on a Lithium Project with a Low Cost Structure Strategy In this episode of Coffee with Samso, I have Julian Ford sharing with us his take on the industry. I wanted Julian to give us a good understanding of what the companies are doing, how they are doing it and what the results mean in the scheme of finding the motherlode or the Holy Grail. As you watch the episode, I hope you take what Julian is sharing as a way to view the landscape of the business. Julian gives us a good review of how Riversgold is exploring and why they have high hopes for their Pilbara projects. I mentioned that there is not much knowledge about how to find and where to find the infamous LCT pegmatites as the search for these pegmatites has only been two to three years old. As an exploration geologist, I used to wander the wilderness in search for boring things like alteration in rocks, sharing, quartz veins...etc. That was my favorite past time. Exploring was an exciting activity for me. You just never know what you may find. Sometimes you see lots of pegmatites and they are famous as pretty crystals of tourmaline. Who would have thought that these pegmatites will one day have more value than just being pretty tourmaline crystals? Take some time, listen to the episode and use the information as part of your DYOR process. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:14 About Julian and Riversgold. 02:55 Is West Australia the place to be for lithium? 04:51 Rundown on Riversgold projects. 07:49 The business of lithium. 16:31 Are pegmatites the beneficiating system? 20:06 The effectiveness of geophysics. 22:17 LCT model. 23:50 Looking for pegmatites. 25:32 Percentage of pegmatites that are LCTs. 27:38 How to evaluate a project? 30:56 Are shallow drilling pegmatites the norm? 32:04 More underground mines as time progresses? 33:36 Riversgold Board. 34:45 The lithium market. 37:10 News flow. 39:33 Why Riversgold? 40:48 Conclusion

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Samso Insight Episode 102: The current Critical and Essential Minerals debate and what does this mean for investors, community and Australia? There are many narrative on where this drive for electrification means for investors. We can all agree that there are no doubts on the demand for critical and essential minerals but how could this demand spur the next resource bull run.. In this episode of Samso Insights, we are talking to Lightning Minerals Limited (ASX: L1M) and Taiton Resources Limited (ASX: T88) about their respective IPO which was live at the time of the recording. This is a brief insight into the people who are running the companies and what is motivating them to be in this space. Alex Biggs and noel Ong are experienced members of the mineral exploration sector having been in the same positions not long ago. Alex was on the board of Critical Resources Limited (ASX CRR) before leaving to take over the helm of Lightning Minerals Limited (ASX: L1M). He shares with us the projects and the strategy of the company. In a time when critical metal stories are in demand, it is not a bad idea to keep an eye on what Alex is doing now. The Taiton Resources story is one that is all about the search for Essential Minerals. The company is going to the IPO with the view that they have found a mineral province that has primarily been overlooked. The mineral province has had historical work showing some very important points, a shallow cover to basement, mineralisation within geophysical targets and CSIRO data indicating an area of hydrothermal activity that is consistent with mineral production. Take time to watch this episode which showcases two companies that are in the Critical and Essential mineral space and a thorough discussion of why this industry is value adding to community and Australia. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:09 What is happening with Lightning Minerals Limited ? 02:54 The critical mineral space 03:49 About Taiton Resources Limited 06:53 Gold prospect 09:43 Is the gold prospect a potential to a fast track cash flow? 12:07 Lightning Minerals board: Dr Karen Lloyd 16:44 Recent development in downstream processing 18:22 Importance of the mining industry in Australia 27:55 Comments on people resources 31:27 The vision for Taiton Resources 33:20 The vision for Lightning Minerals 34:30 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 155 is with Matthew Boyes, Managing Director of Red Dirt Metals Limited (ASX: RDT). This is an episode where we are potentially looking at the makings of a major lithium miner as Matt Boyes talks about the acquisition of the Yinnetherra Lithium project. I see this move by Red Dirt as an expansion to make them the lithium version of Norther Star Resources Limited. The analogy I am trying to make is to highlight that Red Dirt is making strategic moves to expand the company from its Mt Ida project. The lithium sector may not be as numerous as the gold sector which makes this acquisition even more important and valuable to shareholders of the company. Check out the Coffee with Samso: The Remaking of the Eureka Gold Mine - TNT Mines Limited (ASX: TIN) - Episode 86 Check out the Rooster Talk: Red Dirt Metals Limited (ASX:RDT) - Mt Ida - A Lithium and Gold Mine. Since the acquisition of the Mt Ida project in September 2021 (Mt Ida Acquisition, Capital Raise and Presentation), the company is fast becoming a major player in this lucrative sector. The company completed the transaction on 24th September 2021 (Completion of Mt Ida Acquisition). There are not too many aspiring lithium miners at this stage. Liontown Resources Limited (ASX: LTR) will get to the stage first. Red Dirt is probably 2.5 years from that stage, according to Matt. At this moment, I see the difference in potential is that if Yinnetherra is a promising as Red Dirt thinks, this would make the company stand out from the crowd. The other aspect of Red Dirt is the gold potential. I know that this is not valued at the moment. There is also some way before we can figure out if this will become a credit or not , in terms of the mining process. However, if that is sorted out, the credit input at the mining stage could make Mt Ida the cheapest lithium miner in the world. For those investors who have been around for a long time, they will know very well that the credit input factor is a game changer. Spare some time, listen to the episode and use the information as part of your DYOR process. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:27 Background about the new acquisition 04:39 Are Mt. Ida and Yinnetharra similar? 06:12 How is the drilling at Yinnetharra? 08:26 Fund raising? 09:33 Ground access 10:36 What is the attraction of the project? 11:24 What is happening at Mt Ida? 16:41 David Flanagan joining the board 19:37 Potentials in Mt Ida 21:14 Mt Ida exploration news 22:00 Possibility of gold? 26:48 News flow 27:35 Why RDT? 28:37 Lithium version of Northern Star? 30:23 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 154 is with Brad Valiukas, Managing Director of Aurumin Limited (ASX: AUN) Aurumin Limited (ASX:AUN) listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) has been developing the Sandstone project since the last time we had a Coffee in January 2022. When we last spoke to Brad Valiukas, they had just acquired the project. The strategy was to do more drilling to build a better database of the project. Over the time, Aurumin has made a lot of progress with four drilling program with extensive intersections of gold mineralisation. Drilling results: * 11/07/2022 - 344.00m @ 1.29 g/t Au * 11/08/2022 - 224.00m @ 1.50 g/t Au * 05/09/2022 - 352.80m @ 1.50 g/t Au * 12/09/2022 - 242.70m @ 1.20 g/t Au

Looking at these drill holes I see some hidden points about the grades which will be carried in the upcoming resource model. The entire length may appear to only have a slightly higher grade than the resource but there are much better numbers within the intersection. To have an average of 1.5 g/t Au, you will definitely see much greater numbers within the length of the hole. One also need to understand that the potential higher grades within the holes will also allow the flexibility of changing the style of mining. I see the potential of Sandstone as a matter of when and not if it will be positive. The geology will create opportunities and the recent drilling is clear indication that my assumptions are not too far off the mark. Another important to consider is the potential lack of motivation of neighbouring deposits to go to mining. If this was to be the case, Aurumin could be able to consolidate their inventory and that will work perfectly for the model. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:08 Updates from Brad 01:40 Discussion about the data points 03:44 Discussion about the intercepts 06:10 Potential and mineralization in Two Mile Hill 07:44 What was the motivation in chasing the tenement? 09:46 The Sandstone Province? 11:59 What we need to know about the new package? 13:02 Johnson Range 14:09 What is happening in Southern Cross? 14:57 The market going forward 15:39 News flow 16:37 Why Aurumin? 17:32 Conclusion

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Samso Insight Episode 99: The world of marketing has been changing since the onset of the internet. Digital marketing is now at its most mature where its evolved into a precise targeting tool.

There are many misconceptions that digital marketing is all about posting and saying some words in on social media platforms. The word engagement is often used too loosely to mean someone is listening of watching your marketing.

In this episode of Samso Insights, we are talking to Ali Raza from Invicta Agency. Ali has a wealth of experience in this field and I have been talking to Ali about this topic of engagement, targeting of engagement and what digital marketing =cna do in terms of minimising cost of marketing.

The conversation we are having in this Samso Insight is about the lessons of reaching out to connect with customers and providing the story of business. The translation and the projection of messaging is so important as the subtle points are the often the most impactful.

In the world of mineral exploration companies in the the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX), there is a lack of understanding the need to have a brand. The aspect of branding is the key to every business that is out in the marketplace. The act of branding is also the cornerstone of every human being. We brand and market ourselves individually everyday to our families and friends.

In some ways, branding is the end result of a digital marketing phase. Marketing in its traditional form is no different to today's digital marketing conversations. The formula is the same but the way we do it is different.

I remember a video I watched a decade ago where the narrative was that the hunter who goes into the forest to hunt for customers comes out empty handed. He meets a guy and ask, why are there no customers in the forest. The reply was " the customers are now all around water holes called , Google, LinkedIn, Twitter...etc."

As Ali Raza points out, the digital marketing space is all about Recent, Frequent and Relevance.

It is this change in view points that is key in getting noticed in the marketplace toady, in 2022.

Chapters:

00:00 Start

00:20 Introduction

01:13 Ali talks about Invicta

03:48 Is there a platform that works for a specific industry?

10:55 The types of content

11:59 Fitting the content into the marketing strategy

13:37 How important is branding?

16:55 A sector where branding is less relevant?

20:27 How important is viewership?

25:46 The concept of retargeting

31:03 Does subtleness work?

34:31 Building the strategies

48:44 Narrating the value of the product

51:17 The evolvement of digital marketing

54:56 Invicta moving forward

59:27 Massive untapped opportunities

1:00:26 Conclusion

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Samso Insight Episode 100: As we progress to a world of clean energy and a No Emission life, the hard path of implementation begins. The hard apart of all the conversation of decarbonisation and a perfect world of less carbon, less emission to no carbon and no emission is the implementation of some real world details. In this episode we have Matthew Bowen and Adel van der Walt from Jackson McDonald and Joe Wyder from DMIRS speaking with Tony Goode. Matthew and Adel share with us their experience in this sector which seems to be a world of smoke and mirrors. The average citizen of the world seem to have an opinion on the clean world. However, they seem to lack the understanding of how that will work in practice. When we talk about the mining sector, there are so many parameters that needs to be considered. Most importantly, mining is a business and if there are no profits, then there will be no mining. This discussion is all about how we are going to have clean energy for mining and how all proponents of this industry must work together to have best practice. There are some real working examples of cleaner energy and this was discussed and discussed as shown in the image below. The example from King Island and Rottnest Island are prime example of how important hybrid power systems are to the clean energy process. One interesting message that came from this episode is that clean mining will consume more energy. Those people that want clean mining need to understand that to achieve the clean power world, there is a need for more mining. More clean mining means more energy will be consumed. Make sure you have a good cup of your favorite beverage and check in on this episode of Samso Insights. AS stale as you may think the heading is, as you watch the episode, you will begin to get engrossed with this stimulating concept of implementing the decarbonisation process. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 03:05 The state of the clean world status. 07:17 Why do we Decarbonise?. 03:18 Changing of mindsets. 14:10 How does the Decarbonisation process look? 15:55 Carbon Consumption - The Business of Mining. 21:41 Clean Mining will consume more power. 22:21 Small Vehicle Fleet on Alternative Fuel 23:43 NASA testing alternative fuel options. 24:25 Is hydrogen cells for the big trucks? 24:57 The birth of hybrids. 25:32 Difficulties of hydrogen. 26:01 Alternative fuel will determine Mine Design. 27:08 The issue with Lithium ion batteries. 28:06 State Government Hydrogen Committee 32:02 The coming of the Mineral Revolution. 33:39 The Purchase Agreement. 35:21 DMIRS New Implementation supporting Decarbonisation. 39:29 Resources provided by DMIRS. 40:54 Jackson McDonald contribution to the Power Agreement templates. 43:38 Agreements are made form the miners perspective. 51:28 The impacts and opportunities for Indigenous communities. 52:36 Challenges of Hybrid vs Conventional power generators. 53:51 Opportunities to help indigenous communities. 54:50 The wealth creation opportunities from the renewable energy space. 57:51 Concluding comments from Matthew Bowen 01:00:20 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 153 with Willem Vriesendorp, Chief Executive Officer of Clean Teq Water Limited (ASX: CNQ) is all about our most precious resource, Aqua - Water. There is a common understanding that water is a resource that we cannot live without. However, if you ask your average investor in the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX), what is the most critical resource, you will be surprised that many, if not all, will not mention water. Investors talk about critical metals and resources but they forget that without water, nothing will work. No mining can happen if you do not have the correct form of water. You cannot even drill the holes without a good source of water. Willem brings across the business of cleaning water. The business of desalination, nutrient removal, zero liquid discharge and hardness removal may seem unimportant, but these are big revenue generators when you do it for governments and companies. The revenue that can be generated is a lot more than one would expect. I would go as far as saying that the revenue margin is a lot better than most mining projects. Clean Teq currently works with a focus on municipal wastewater, surface water, industrial wastewater and mining process water. What is most important is that Clean Teq is a technology company that is doing business in the water industry. The company creates the tech and they are the innovation. This is the point of difference. Water treatment for industries has to be the most important aspect of the new world. Investors are preparing for the electrification of the next generation, but they must also learn that without water, there is no next generation. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:20 The Clean TeQ Water Story 02:59 Is water a critical resource? 05:52 The core business of Clean TeQ Water. 11:35 How does the business work? 15:02 Reaction from potential investors. 19:44 Does this new technology work? 22:10 History and success of metal recovery. 25:12 How should investors look at Clean TeQ Water Limited? 29:44 Are there any competitors? 31:59 What are the downsides? 34:15 News flow. 37:36 The image of CNQ. 41:06 Conclusion.

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Samso Insight Episode 98: The Discovery of Olympic Dam concluded one of the longest search for a commodity. In 1957, Western Mining Corporation Limited (ASX: WMC) initiated a search for Copper which started a sequence of events that lead to the discovery of the largest known mineral deposit in 1976. It would take the company another two years before they understood the magnitude of their discovery. Olympic Dam was the third discovery by WMC in 10 years. The significance of the discovery is that it would be another twenty years before the next big deposit , Prominent Hill was to be discovered. WMC was created in 1933 and was taken over by BHP in 2002. In 2009, Olympic Dam had a resource of 9.1BT of resource and it was 4.4 times bigger than the initial resource that WMC had announced. It was worth USD863B. In 2017, it was reported that there was 120MT of Cu eq (equivalent) and it will take 500 years to deplete the resource at that time. The Story of the Olympic Dam was documented by the book "The Olympic Dam Story" by David Upton. I was able to find David and had organised to meet David and get his view of the discovery and his book on this episode of Samso Insights. I hope this episode had brought out the essence of the hard work and perseverance of the WMC group to search and discover a once in a life time deposit such as Olympic Dam. I am a big believer of mineral exploration. My thoughts are that the low hanging fruits of mineral discovery was a couple of decades ago. The giants to be found are all undercover or in areas that have been misunderstood or neglected such as Tropicana, Nova-Bollinger, Winu, Havieron, Julimar, and Fosterville, just to name a few. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:36 How it started 09:21 The journey to look for copper 12:55 Communicating with shareholders 15:57 The work culture in Western Mining 19:35 The search for Mineral Systems 24:05 Discussion of new technologies and ideas 27:42 The need of interpretation of data 30:14 The complexity of the Olympic Dam 32:52 Political issues of Uranium 35:06 What drives the exploration? 37:37 The drilling 39:07 What is David Upton up to these days? 41:04 The vast amount information available 42:46 Why read the The Olympic Story 45:51 Summary of the Olympic Dam Story 49:35 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 152 with Brad Underwood, Executive Chair and Managing Director of Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL) is sharing with us about the Castillo PGE/Palladium discovery.. The discovery of a PGE system has been made in Norseman, Western Australia. Now it si all about establishing a resource and create a path to production. This episode is a discussion on the the potential, the understanding of what Castillo can be and the path to production. The project is blessed with the best access to highway, railway, gas pipeline and access to a deep port in Esperance. As Galileo Mining moves into a new phase of drilling, I ask Brad Underwood, how do investor understand the PGE story? I ask him what can investors look for to better understand a good result and how to see value creation s more drill results materialize. Galileo has been creating so much value for shareholders lately with the discovery so I asked Brad what he thinks of the mineral resource industry. What is his thoughts about the future market sentiment. This sentiment will also dictate when his potential production path follows. This is one of the best episodes with Brad Underwood so I urge readers to get a cup of coffee , tea or hot chocolate and settle in for 30 minutes of the Galileo story. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:28 Updates on the Callisto discovery 02:10 Understanding the Callisto Project 05:28 Interpreting the cross sections? 07:00 What is the next drill program testing? 08:48 Is this the biggest drill program in Galileo? 10:21 Lessons learnt from Exploration Results 12:12 PGE Story - Rhodium 14:15 PGE Story - Palladium 15:28 How Do Investors Understand the PGE Story? 17:25 The Fraser Range Project 18:10 Investors - Patience in PGE projects 20:25 Plans on other projects 21:46 Callisto - Production and cashflow timeline 23:36 Will the Mineral Resources Boom Continue? 26:30 News flow summary 28:16 Conclusions

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Rooster Talk Episode 64 is with Don Smith, Managing Director, Tempest Minerals Limited (ASX:TEM) and Iain Macpherson, CEO of Lole Mining Limited. Tempest Minerals is now moving into a production space with what looks like a project that I am vaguely familiar. In my travels in this industry, I came across this project almost 10 years ago. It was in private hands at that time, and it definitely had the credentials to perk my interest. The transaction is still far from being complete as there are still several steps to be completed. Assuming all goes well, the inclusion of Tolukuma will add significant value for shareholders as Tempest moves to become a producer. I don't think that the company is making any proclamations that this will be an easy path. In this episode of Rooster Talk, Don Smith and Iain Macpherson share with us the motivation of Tempest to take on the Tolukuma mine which was historically mined for gold and silver. Iain Macpherson, who is the CEO of Lole Mining Limited has experience in Africa and he accepts the challenging times ahead. Papua New Guinea is not a place of the faint hearted but it is also a place for that elusive pot of gold if you get all the ducks in line. The focus now for Tempest is to get the transaction completed and then work on the non-JORC resource in the mine. According to Iain Macpherson, the establishment of these resources could see the mine back pouring gold withing 12 months. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:02 Don updates us on the acquisition story. 01:37 Iain updates on the PNG projects. 03:04 Comparing Tolukuma and other PNG projects. 04:45 Is Tolukuma the main Non-Highland style of mineralisation? 06:46 What are the risk of PNG? 08:10 All about the Non-JORC resource. 10:08 Tolukuma Structures and the Penck projects 10:29 Tolukuma Mine 11:17 Mt Penck Projects 12:35 How do investors look at Tempest Minerals now? 13:51 What are the next steps after the acquisition? 14:32 Iain explains what this means for Tempest. 15:27 When could cashflow happen? 16:33 What is happening at Yalgoo? 17:08 Newsflow 17:52 Last words? 18:41 Conclusions

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Samso Insight Episode 97: This episode is a general discussion on how politics and mining are interbedded in conversations. One of the most important factors about investing in this mineral resource sector is understanding what the macro instruments are doing and how they will affect your investments. For example, Tony gave us a good (long) discussion of what will ultimately be the cost that industry will wear with the onset of policies that will create bureaucracy hurdles which ultimately means more cost and headaches to industry. This episode is a good change of pace from our technical discussions. This is a discussion which will univariably create more questions than answers. This is the very reason I invited Tony to come and share his thoughts. As we all know, investing in any sector or industries, we have to look at all aspects that will affect the earning and capital appreciation of the product. This episode gives viewers a good understanding of what those factors may be in reality. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:12 All about Tony Goode 03:08 The factors affecting mining investments. 10:03 The cost of ESG? 22:30 How can investors digest the need to go clean energy? 26:19 How much influence do politicians have on investments when they speak? 28:49 Can Australia play the Nationalism card to protect out critical metals? 32:15 The changing geopolitical boundary could be positive for the mining industry. 33:48 Last words from Tony Goode. 36:21 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 151 is with David Riekie, Executive Director - Adavale Resources Limited (ASX: ADD) Focusing on a discovery in the East African Nickel Belt. David Riekie, the Executive Director of Adavale Resources is now sharing with us on the latest activities with the company. The company is currently completing a fund raising exercise and it gives current shareholders a great opportunity to participate. There appear to be a lot of exploration activities happening in the coming months. David gives us break down on what is happening with Adavale as they move into another period of exploration activities. As the company move into the next phase of exploration, David explains why the East African Nickel Belt is important and why Adavale will be benefiting from the lack of historical exploration. As I decipher the conversation, I feel that Adavale is benefiting from a dominant land holding in this nickel belt. There are not too many stories where a small cap company is holding this position. The nearest analogy for me is when the Yamarna Greenstone Belt was predominantly controlled by the Gold Road Resources Limited. They held a similar dominant position like Adavale. That land holding has now allowed the company to be the owner of over 9M ounces of gold. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:05 Updates about fundraising 02:45 Follow up on plans from previous discussion 04:45 Explanation on conceptual model of EM signatures in Kabanga 08:39 Interpreting the images from the presentation 11:56 Is the East African Nickel Belt a belt worth looking at? 14:42 Comments on BHP investing in the Kabanga project. 17:34 Thoughts on comparison to Gold Road? 19:32 Is this the start of consolidation period of producers in the base metals space? 23:03 Comments on being in a belt that is not well explored? 26:11 Thoughts on the Nickel market? 30:18 News flow for Adavale 32:03 Prediction on discovery holes 34:02 Why Adavale? 36:13 Conclusions

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Samso Insight Episode 96: This is about the Exploration Discovery of Gruyere. We invited Ian Murray and Justin Osborne who were part of the discovery team at Gold Road Resources Limited (ASX: GOR) to share their experiences. The Discovery of the Gruyere Gold Deposit has shown that "theories" are to be challenged. Currently, the resource sits at nine million ounces of gold. I have always been fascinated with this discovery. I remember looking at this belt in my university days. I have always known about it and I remember people telling me that the Yamarna Belt was not the same age and will never be endowed with mineralisation.

When I first came across the Gold Road discovery, its significance did not dawn upon me till much later. It was when I started to gather knowledge about discoveries, that I learnt of the Gruyere deposit.

    For me, it has been quite a journey to get someone to talk to about discoveries, and when I realised that I could have both Ian Murray and Justin Osborne to share their experiences on Samso, it got me all excited and fired up.

I was specifically interested in how they made the decisions, or the potential of the wrong decisions. As we all know, it is the small things that are most important in making decisions in business.

We spoke about the need to look for mineral systems as opposed to chasing commodities. What was it like when the results came rolling on that faithful day?

One of the critical decisions that the company made was to take a hiatus from exploration activities and work on strategies.

We discussed what those strategies were and how the market and all the parts of the business reacted.

Justin talks about his entry to the company and how the discovery progressed as they worked to find out how big the discovery really was.

As Justin and Ian share their thoughts, they both agreed that the pivoting move was the Goldfields Joint Venture. In hindsight, was this the deal making decision?

So make yourself comfortable, sit back and enjoy with us the journey of discovery for Gold Road Resources.

Chapters:   00:00 Start   00:20 Introduction   01:36 Start of the story   06:14 The morning the results came rolling in.   08:06 Sentiment on your Targeting Strategy?   09:43 Central Bore Discovery - What Did It Mean?   13:31 How was the discussion about the targeting process like?   16:12 A history lesson on the Yamarna   19:56 The corporate and geologist view back then.   21:24 Geologist Need Thinking Time.   22:16 Justin's Entrance and The Discovery   28:04 Mineral Systems vs Commodities.   31:02 Seeing Gold Road in Matador?   35:17 A moment where a lucky decision was made?   41:30 Myth or fact: Getting a hit on the last few holes of the program?   44:00 Discussion on corporate decision making about the project direction   45:19 The Goldfields Decision that Made Gruyere happen.   46:53 Was the JV the best decision for Gold Road?   49:31 What could've been done better?   54:02 Where is the next Yamarna?   57:43 Exploration is all about busting Myths.   59:24 Importance of understanding Mineral Systems   01:02:14 The Importance of quality projects and management.   01:02:51 Conclusions

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Rooster Talk Episode 63 with Allan Kelly, Executive Chair of Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R) is an update on Gidji, Glandore and Whaleshark. Every episode I do with Allan Kelly is full of information. This episode is no different. It is insightful and clearly lays out why Miramar Resources Limited has an enormous potential. The timing of this discussion cannot be more perfect. IN the last conversation with Allan, we spoke about why Gidji must be considered as a new mining camp. Imagine being only 5 minutes drive from the town of Kalgoorlie. TO top that off, it is bounded to the surrounded by Kundana, Mount Pleasant-Paddington, Kanowna Belle, Bardoc Shear to the norht and the super pit to the south (Figure 1). Figure 1: Regional Map of the Miramar Eastern Goldfields projects. (Source: Miramar Resources Limtied) Allan is not professing that he has a million once project in Gidji. However, what he can say is that the potential for Gidji is growing by the drilling program. When you look at the geological data, one have to agree with Allan's interpretation. As a geologist, what I can sense is a growing level of frustration of no assays. For an exploration company, the most frustrating part is lack of money and a lack of drilling success. In the case of Miramar Resources, it appears that the funding part has been ticked. The exploration success is abundant but the lack of assays is at critical level. I can see that Allan is almost drilling blind but fortunately for Miramar, the previous consistent success may be the light to follow. This is the critical conversation that is in this episode. Take time to listen to how Allan breaks down the projects and what they are doing at Gidji.

The Gidji potential story mirrors what Kalgoorlie was before gold was discovered.

The focus may have been on Gidji but the discussion then moves onto Glandore and Whaleshark. The conversation is almost fifty minutes interesting and I encourage viewers to make a nice cup of beverage and take some notes. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:16 Allan updates 02:22 Good results in bedrock geology. 04:27 What are the challenges from the bedrock geology? 07:09 How close is M2R vectoring to the primary source? 09:55 Raglan talks about Dolerites. 10:37 Where could the lagging results sit in the scheme of your project? 11:07 Consistent mineralisation results at the supergene level. 11:24 An important Ingredient is Competency Contrast in geology - A lesson. 12:32 Discussion on Blackfriars prospect. 13:17 Discussion on Highway prospect. 14:13 Blackfriars may be the better prospect. 15:01 Blackfriars and Highway are awaiting assays. 15:54 How is the lack of assays affecting the geological models? 17:18 Discussion on the Boorara North prospect. 19:09 Discussion on Lake prospect. 19:55 Discussion on Gidji Dam. 20:51 How much understanding does M2R have on the geology and structure? 23:51 The amazing thought that Gidji is unexplored. 25:50 The positives of Gidji. 27:06 Could 8th Mile be a "Red Herring" ? 29:41 Nickel Prospectivity? 32:25 The other Miramar projects? 32:52 Discussion on the Glandore project. 36:07 Discussion on Whaleshark project. 37:26 The model for Whaleshark - Ernest Henry 38:46 How should investors look at M2R now? 39:23 The target for Gidji. 39:59 The target for Glandore. 41:08 The target for Whaleshark. 41:44 Miramar is undervalued. 43:09 Gidji as a blank canvas. 45:04 Conclusions

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Rooster Talk Episode 62 is all about why Chalice Mining Limited (ASX: CHN) chose those targets. Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) has just received some interesting news on their Thor JV with Chalice Mining. The Thor JV has been one of the company's assets that has an active exploration program. It is an important part of the portfolio of assets which is worked by Chalice Mining. We have had a Coffee with Samso that was dedicated to that topic (Julimar's Twin Brother - The Thor Project - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) - Episode 83) as there is a lot of interest riding on what Chalice is doing at the project. To me, the recent announcement that was published on the 13th July has something that is very interesting. The area that they have identified is at what I thought was a jog or an area where some extension may have happened. This is fairly observant from the magnetic image where is this distinct bend.

This is a very early stage target and I am not saying that there is a X on the ground to discover. What is nice to see is the coincidence with the geophysics. The subtle nature of the wording in the announcement is not consistent with my observation. What I mean is that if they did not find anything geochemically at that spot, I would have been disappointed. I encourage viewers to watch and listen to Andrew as this has some good points for investors to consider with the "tough" times current on the market. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:01 Andrew updates 02:55 The Two Targets. 07:26 Maybe Chalice have found the sweet spot. 12:05 The Western Yilgarn margin? 14:16 Factors that create mineral exploration discoveries. 19:48 Market and Exploration Expectations. 20:36 Other Venture projects? 24:24 The need to understand market sentiment and mineral exploration. 26:40 The need for investors to play the patience game. 27:37 Andrews last words. 29:05 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso 149 is with Don Smith, Managing Director of Tempest Minerals Limited (ASX:TEM) and it is all about the new findings for the Meleya project. Mineral Exploration is all about patience. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:50 Don updates 01:31 Mineral Exploration is a long game. 02:02 Visual Estimate mandate. 02:22 The Meleya Story - What has been the lessons learnt? 04:10 Molybdenum and the potential of Meleya. 06:26 What is Tempest thinking about now? 08:30 Has the current lessons helped the regional exploration strategy? 09:21 How can investors consume current exploration strategy? 11:19 Exploration is about search and discovery. 11:44 Other projects 13:02 How has the market been treating Tempest? 14:12 Placement was done with good timing. 14:27 News Flow 14:56 Exploration is status quo. Why TEM? 16:06 Last words from Don 16:19 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso with Guy Le Page, Managing Director of Mount Ridley Mines Limited (ASX: MRD) is all about the REE story.  One of the best kind of exploration stories are those that have substance and have a reasonable potential for it to come true.         The Mount Ridley REE project is something that stands out from the crowd. As an observer of the recent REE announcements coming out of the woodwork, I am learning bits and pieces. My understanding of the REE industry has been largely from my Coffee with Samso with Northern Minerals Limited (ASX: NTU).   The appearance of REE in Ionic Clays have made a splurge in recent times. I don't have much understanding and this was a great opportunity to talk to someone in this recent trend. It was refreshing to be able to talk to industry and learn whether REEs are REEs or Not.   In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Guy shares with us the history and the contents of the MRD REE story. It was enlightening to hear from Guy that the REE deposit is not Ionic clays and that they actually don't know much about the project. The company is in a learning phase and the upcoming drilling will drive a clearer picture on the whole project in the next twelve months.   What I like about this project is that it is 35km from a port, have a highway, railway and a gas pipeline adjacent to the project. This is critical in any project and as the company continue to work on the technical aspects.   I encourage viewers to look at this story as a early exploration project or an early development mineral project.   Chapters:   00:00 Start   00:20 Introduction   01:52 Guy Introduction   02:32 How did MRD come up with the project?   03:40 What elements of the REE do MRD have?   04:42 What does TREO mean?   05:56 What do we read TREO?   07:11 The large Footprint for MRD.   07:50 Can investors assume the consistency of REE mineralisation?   09:11 Is this an alluvial process?   10:34 Can The project be host to other metals?   11:41 The REE market?   12:47 Could REE have ESG compliant issues which will lead to supply issue?   14:11 The geopolitical changes are driving the REE demand.   14:44 Co-Funding collaborations in Critical Metals.   15:35 News Flow for MRD.   16:41 Does MRD have environmental issues?   17:40 Why look at MRD?   18:49 The upside of MRD?   19:45 Conclusions

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Rooster Talk Episode 61 is with Matthew Boyes, Managing Director of Red Dirt Metals Limited (ASX: RDT). The Mt Ida project is fast becoming a double bonus for Red Dirt Metals as exploration is unveiling the gold credits. When we were first introduced to the Mt. Ida project (Red Dirt Metals Limited (ASX:RDT) - A Lithium Gem within a Gold Mine.) in April 2022, we were just trying to understand the lithium potential. As the market was having a lithium boom, it would be foolish to not discuss what is the flavour of the last two years. As we were talking through that Coffee with Samso with Matt Boyes, I was really interested with the gold potential. The Mt Ida story is very similar to what had occurred at Mt. Holland a few years ago. For those that have not heard the story, Mt Holland was all about the discovery of a lithium bonanza because of a phone call. Mt. Holland was a legitimate gold mining project but was later found to be a greater lithium project. When you hear Matt talk about the lithium prospectivity in Mt. Ida, you can hear the frustration of not being able to rush into the gold project. The potential is yet to be finalised. In saying that, you can also feel the frustration of not being able to unwrapped the potential of the lithium prospectivity. The fact that there is still a large package of landholding that the company has not explored is definitely high on the list of things to do. Matt is definite that there will be a resource coming out for the lithium and in time, there will be a gold resource to be released as well. When that will be is the magic question. Chapters: 00:00 Start. 00:20 Introduction. 01:07 Matthew updates. 02:38 Relationship between Gold and Lithium? 03:56 Mineralisation of Lithium and Gold 06:41 Announcement key points for investors. 08:18 Understanding the geology from the announcement. 10:35 Future plans for the project. 11:59 Lithium market discussion. 15:24 Updates on covering the entire tenement package? 16:57 Potential focus on Gold? 19:49 Exploration potential 21:32 Matthew summarises the news flow. 22:54 Conclusions

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Rooster Talk Episode 60 is with David Riekie, Executive Director - Adavale Resources Limited (ASX: ADD) The Dominant land holding in the East African Nickel Belt. David Riekie, the Executive Director of Adavale Resources update us on the exploration activities of the company. It has been a while since we had Adavale on the Samso platform. This episode of Rooster Talk is all about the East African Nickel Belt. As in all of the exploration stories that have merits, the process is usually lengthy and is filled with ups and downs. Over the years of hearing all sort of stories, the ones that reap rewards have always been the nondescript types. Their process is always very subtle to silent and then a discovery happens. When that happens, investors get the feeling that it is an overnight success. Trust me, it is never an overnight success. The easiest example is the discovery made by Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL) - Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL) - Palladium Discovery - Persistent Mineral Exploration Rewarded. I do feel that Adavale falls into this type of category. Great exploration potential in a known Nickel belt. AS we discover in this episode of Rooster Talk, Adavale is all about the East African Nickel Belt. I have interviewed many companies with different stories but the ones that are most memorable are the green roots categories. These are the stories that need strong minds and character and a focused management for success. Management need to be believers of the story. As I heard from a recent podcast, Entrepreneurs need to believe their own Bull#@&t. Adavale is a story that has been developing for over 12 months and if you look over the recent videos with Allan Ritchie, the focus on developing the Tanzanian assets have not changed. In this episode, David highlights that the East African Belt is the key to the Adavale story. What we need to appreciate is that this belt could be the Kambalda Nickel Belt. Chapters 00:00 Start 01:05 David updates 04:59 How Geophysics is helping Adavale. 07:22 The refinement with Geophysics 10:09 How should investors capture the Adavale Story? 13:46 What has the feedback been from investors? 16:44 What is the Jurisdiction standing? 20:04 How has the market turbulence affected Adavale? 22:59 What is the News flow for investors? 24:26 Why Adavale? 25:51 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 148 Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) is currently undergoing a phase of preparing a Feasibility Study and its time to talk Tin Remember this #GreenTin Song:

The Green metal and No Emission movement has made the plight of the Tin Story important for Investors. Venture Minerals may be an accidental recipient of the Green Metal movement.

This episode of Coffee with Samso Episode 148 with Andrew Radonjic, the Managing Director, is all about Tin. This is an episode which focus on why Tin is a significant commodity. Andrew has just come back from his travels where he attended a Tin conference. We help dissect his learnings from the conference and bring out what he had learned and share it with the Samso audience. Tin is an underrated metal which like the unloved element of the technology. It is not given the credit that it deserves. As we described in the conversation, it is the glue of technology. every part of the new world of no emission and the electrification of progress needs tin. If you take the supply issue of non ESG compliant sources, there will be a big issue for tin users. For those people who see this need for realisable ESG compliant source of tin, this is a great time to look at companies like Venture Minerals. What audiences need to ignore is the other so called sources of tin who claim that they are production ready. If that is the case, why are they not producing already. I strongly encourage potential investors to reach out to Andrew to ask him what is the difference between what can happen and what will never happen. I made this video to give an insight to what could be a real game changer in terms of the need for tin. The uses of tin are increasing and there is now talk of tin being a vital component of lithium battery anodes. Some people may call this a pipe dream but so was the vanadium battery. If the so called Lithium-Tin solid battery anodes comes to fruition in the coming years, this will completely change the tin market. The same factors that are driving the High Purity Alumina industry that is driven my Kaolinite-Halloysite is also being seen with the tin sector. There are now some serious conversation on how tin will play in the carbon capture, water treatment and heat harvesting. As we all agree, the need for these conversation to turn into reality will be high on the agenda but reality may be a distance away. What is the important part is that it is happening now. I hope this episode of Coffee with Samso will give audiences some concept of the tin market and its uses which will make tin a major player of the new no emission electrification of energy world. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:25 Andrew updates 09:56 The Indonesian Tin Story? 15:37 Market discussion from the Tin conference. 20:01 Tin moving into the "high tech" uses sector. 24:24 Tin moving into the battery sector. 30:14 The introduction of a tin related battery? 31:28 The hurdle of finding new tin deposits and a tin producing mine? 32:26 Project updates? 38:53 The summary of tin. 39:43 Andrew closing summary. 41:06 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 147 is the second episode of the Exploration Discovery Series which is all about mineral exploration discoveries. This episode of Coffee with Samso is all the Havieron discovery by Greatland Gold Plc. in 2018. It was a major success in where there is now a gold and copper mine nearing production stage. According to the company's website, the project is currently in development under a Joint Venture with Newcrest Mining, Australia’s largest gold producer. Havieron is located just 45km from Newcrest’s Telfer mine. This allows the project to leverage Telfer’s existing infrastructure and processing plant to significantly reduce the project’s capital expenditure and carbon impact for a low cost pathway to development under an ore tolling arrangement. Figure 1: Location of the Havieron project (Source: Greatland Gold website) According to the latest presentation from the company, the updated Probable Ore Reserve and Mineral Resource is in Figure 2. The significance of these numbers is in the manner that the deposit was discovered. In many cases, investors are only looking at the results of a long journey of mineral exploration. Figure 2: Probable and Mineral Estimate for the Havieron deposit. (Source: Greatland Gold website) The journey for a discovery is never an overnight process. In reality, discoveries of any mineral deposit is minimum timeframe of years and development is usually in decades (including exploration and resource development). The Coffee with Samso - Exploration Discovery Series is aimed at showcasing the discovery and also the more interesting parts of the exploration journeys. The insides of what happened and what did and could not happen that led to the discovery, for me is the fun part of the conversation. The discovery of Havieron is one of the recent success that has come about because management kept the faith and applied the principals of mineral exploration. As an exploration geologist, the discovery of Havieron is one that excites me. The chase for discovery is one of the most satisfying feeling. The idea of setting up a company to source funding to chase the elephant deposits is high on my bucket list. This is why I want to bring these stories onto the Samso platform so that the average investor out there can have the insights of the journey. I hope you enjoy the video and get some sense of "excitement" that would have been in the room when Callum and his associates received the results from the drilling. Chapters 00:00 Start 01:35 Callum Introduction 03:46 Was undercover discovery always the plan? 06:33 Was it a geophysical target? 08:10 Chasing the elephants. 08:56 Chasing broad wide anomalies. 10:34 What were the challenges like for Greatland Gold at that time? 12:28 The magic formula for exploration success. 13:54 The story behind the discovery. 20:29 Was the discovery luck? 21:41 Was the core of the deposit giving a lot of clues? 23:21 How has technology in Geophysics helped mineral exploration. 27:36 Would the new technology today have changed the modelling? 29:09 Big Elephant deposits still exist. 31:03 Potential of discovery. 32:12 What is Callum Baxter doing now? 33:27 Is Callum heading back into the industry. 33:46 What is happening in the market? 37:26 Are there more Elephants in the Paterson Range? 38:50 Conclusion About Callum Baxter Former Chief Technical Director of Greatland Gold PLC Exploration geologist and founding Director of UK based Greatland Gold plc. Commenced working in the mineral exploration industry after completing geology undergraduate qualifications in 1991 in Western Australia. Participated in discovery of large gold resources (Jundee/Nimary) before moving into other commodities including base metals and nickel. Member of AusIMM and AIG. Worked with juniors, mid-tier explorers and major mining companies globally over more than 25 years. Completed an MSc in Ore Deposit Geology in the early 2000s. Co-founded Greatland which listed on AIM in the UK in 2006. Greatland is focussed on discovery of large precious metal and base metal deposits in Australia, in areas that have not been subject to extensive previous exploration. Greatland has achieved recent success with the discovery of high-grade gold and copper mineralisation at the Havieron deposit, under 400m of cover, in the Paterson Region of Western Australia.

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Rooster Talk Episode 59 is with Andrew Paterson, Managing Director of Great Boulder Resources Limited (ASX: GBR) This is an update on the Side Well Project which is all about the recent drilling results with the discovery of new mineralisation at Ironbark. Great Boulder Resources appear to have a mineralised province with Side Well as the system that is producing metals in Ironbark is distinctly different to what is happening at Mulga Bill. Andrew narrates us on why this appear to be the case. Ironbark is 1.4km to the east of Mulga Bill. The the drilling results may be showing that there is a series of potential pods of mineralisation which will help the overall picture of potential for Side Well. A intercept of 20m @ 3.05 g/t of gold should not be ignored. In any project, this is clear indication of mineralisation that is not isolated. In my opinion, the discovery of these kind of drill intercepts may be early indication of a level of gold endowment which would excite any company. The excitement stems from the fact that it is within a province that has already shown continuous mineralisation at Mulga Bill. If you are isolated without Mulga Bill, you can be safe to question the potential. However, if you are in a decent system, you would expect numerous deposits nearby. What is interesting with the results coming out from the announcements is that there is clear horizons where the gold is being identified. There is clear indication that it is still early to make a decision of the future potential, but it is looking promising. The presence of copper at Mulga Bill and the lack (currently) of copper at Ironbark is determining the perception of difference at Side Well. It is this that should be noted for audiences. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:55 Andrew update the Great Boulder Resources Limited 01:24 Is Ironbark similar to Mulga Bill? 02:50 Will the Ironbark mineralisation be a similar system to Mulga Bill? 03:24 Geologically, can multi system exist in a similar area? 05:44 Is multi system a good thing for Side Well? 07:00 Is the copper in Mulga Bill significant? 08:40 Is Great Boulder Resources feeling like Side Well will be a Mine? 10:28 Will Mulga Bill be a series of pits along strike? 11:29 Is the copper good or a bad thing for the project. 13:32 Mineralisation seem to happen in the same horizon. 14:31 Is IP the holy grail for Great Boulder? 16:27 Is geophysics being used more today than 20 years ago? 17:34 News flow for Great Boulder Resources Limited? 19:45 What does Andrew think of the current market sentiment? 22:37 Why this is a good time to look at good companies. 23:24 Andrews last words 23:46 Conclusions

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Rooster Talk 58 is with Don Smith, Managing Director, Tempest Minerals Limited (ASX:TEM) Its been a while since the excitement of the discovery of a large sulphide system at Meleya. I have been very keen to get to see the rocks and have a discussion with Don. In my opinion, the rocks will be the key to the continuation of the story. Prior to the drilling, the general discussion was primarily on the the potential of the geology being similar to Golden Grove VMS deposit. When Tempest announced the drilling results on the 28th March 2022, there was general excitement in the market. The realisation from the concept was now closer to fact, however, there is still a wait on the actual numbers of the assays. Irrespective of the numbers, I think there is no denying that there is some sort of a discovery at Meleya. In this episode of Rooster Talk, I asked Don about the geology. The geology from the drilling is the key factor. I asked Don, if this was a Discovery or a Proof of Concept. We also talked about the numerous alteration within the length of the hole which points to a large cooking system that could be endowed with metals. The main takeaway for this episode is to have an understanding of the geology of the area. The assay numbers will be interesting. However, I suspect that will not be the conclusive answer for or against the project. There will be more drilling and more discussion. In my opinion, this is proof that the geology is similar and it is mineralised. This has been a great conversation and I like their method of understanding the geology first before rushing out to drill holes. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 02:10 Discovery or Proof of Concept 03:16 Lets talk geology of both drill holes. 06:03 Where is the geological thinking now? 07:15 How can Investors understand your geology? 08:50 What is Tempest thinking now? 10:27 Is there any issues with the progress of Tempest? 11:23 Other Projects 14:25 News Flow 15:21 Why Tempest? 16:20 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk Episode 57 with Brad Underwood, Executive Chair and Managing Director of Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL) is all about the discovery of the Palladium province from the last round of drilling. The systematic approach that Galileo has been using to explore has now been rewarded with the confirmation of a palladium prospect in Norseman, Western Australia. This episode is a discussion on the discovery of the Callisto discovery. Six RC drillholes have results returning anomalous grades which is making the Callisto prospect a discovery that has the share price of Galileo rising. Callisto is a mineralised sulphide unit developed at the base of an ultramafic sill where it intrudes into sedimentary rocks. NRC266 returned significant palladium-platinum-gold-copper-nickel mineralisation over 33m; * 33m @ 2.00g/t 3E (1) (1.64g/t Pd, 0.28g/t Pt, 0.09g/t Au), 0.32% Cu & 0.30% Ni from 144m incl. * 6m @ 2.69g/t 3E (2.21 g/t Pd,0.37 g/t Pt,0.11 g/t Au), 0.41% Cu & 0.36% Ni from 159m and * 1m @ 3.21 g/t 3E (2.66 g/t Pd, 0.41 g/t Pt, 0.14 g/t Au), 0.48% Cu & 0.46% Ni from 176m

Numbers like this is going to make the next phase of drilling interesting to say the least. Brad is measuring this to the Platreef deposit on the northern limb of the Bushveld Complex in South Africa. Deposits like Platreef are generally very large in nature and have a combined resources of greater than 700Mt at a 1g/t 3PGE + Au cut off. These deposits normally contain metals such as palladium, platinum, gold, rhodium, copper and nickel. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:52 Brad Updates. 01:39 Is this a Palladium Discovery Province? 02:31 This is a Discovery? 03:26 Is the geology theory a long term concept? 04:41 The Platreef Analogy. 05:50 Will the discovery grow in size? 06:37 Will the positive results change your Plan A? 07:39 News Flow. 09:07 Why is Galileo mining? 09:52 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso Episode 145 is with Allan Kelly, Executive Chair of Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R) This episode of Coffee with Samso is all about the details of the projects in Miramar Resources. I have made a special effort to make this the longest Coffee With Samso because I wanted to highlight the details of each project. I wanted Allan Kelly to tell us as much as possible on why he likes the projects and what his intentions are for each project. I think we have achieved the objective to get details for each project. We also got Allan to talk about what makes each project tick. The conversation has be fantastic and the result is a video that is just over an hour. This is a special episode of Coffee with Samso for all those viewers wanting to learn about the Miramar projects. In addition, viewers get a first hand introduction to what makes an exploration company work and allows Allan to showcase how to explore for minerals.

Gidji is more than smoke. We have more than 1km of +2grams and 5 grams hits in there. Could this be a supergene deposit? The prize is the bedrock.

Allan Kelly spares no doubt that the is aware on the potential of Gidji. He believes that Gidji alone will be sufficient for any company to work on, however the potential of the other projects is too enticing to let go. The time stamps below will help those unable to watch the whole video. This is more than a conversation about the projects of Miramar. This is a discussion about what you need to know to pick projects, what you need to know to operate the exploration programs and what is the best methods to deploy to find yourself a mineral deposit. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:55 The Capital Raise That Needed to be Done. 03:05 Good timing on the placement. 04:10 The Gidji Story - Allan narrates the story. 16:57 What does Gidji need to wake Investors up? 18:27 Gidji is more than a smoking gun. 19:15 What is the Worst case, Ok Case and Best case scenario for Gidji? 23:24 Mineral Exploration is not an Overnight Process. 24:52 Does the potential of Gidji keep Allan awake at nights? 29:02 Is there a model for Gidji? 33:08 The Glandore story? 39:11 What will the diamond drilling create for Miramar? 41:06 The Lang Well Story. 47:09 Good REE results will create a good solution for Miramar. 47:37 The Whaleshark Story. 53:04 Bangemall Project 55:11 The realistic pathway for the projects. 56:33 The upside of testing theories. 57:18 The potential of Gidji and easily misunderstood. 58:18 News Flow from Miramar? 01:00:51 The Miramar Pitch 01:02:09 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso Episode 144 with Paul Lock, Executive Chairman and Managing Director of Pan Asia Metals Limited (ASX: PAM) is all about the next steps in making the Lithium story in Thailand a reality. The company has been transformed since we last spoke in May 2021. The market capitalisation of the company has tripled since that first Coffee with Samso. The story of a company with aspirations to become a lithium producer within a stones throw form major automotive manufacturers is now at a reality stage of the journey. Pan Asia Metals are now on the verge of announcing their maiden Mineral Resource Estimate which will highlight the true potential of the company. Pan Asia Metals is now establishing itself into a mature lithium player on the ASX. Our market is on our doorstep: The Eastern Economic Corridor in Thailand - where there's a big push in LIBs and EVs. Thailand is the 4th largest auto producer in Asia and the largest in SE Asia has a very comprehensive EV and battery policy because they want to retain their market position. Some viewers who look at this story may feel a large jurisdiction issue however, Paul Lock make a some supportive narratives which explains why he is so confident on making this story work for his shareholders. In the past, there was no real demand on lithium, so there were no focus on cost structures. Now with an increasing demand there's been an increasing focus on extracting more for less - cost structures look better. That's what's happening in China. As the market is consolidating itself with the recent turbulent movements, it is another argument in finding the right company with management that has the right strategy. The reason we are in SE Asia is because we want to be competitive and want to be nearby our consumers. It's all about being low on cost curve so can write out the market cycle in long term. Generally investors are looking at short-term price cycles, we build a long term price cycles project because its got to be bankable. Pan Asia Metals is all about creating a business that has low cost of operations, low CAPEX and a viable business. Take time and watch Paul deliver his thoughts on the Pan Asia Metal story. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:58 Paul introduces Pan Asia Metals Limited 02:17 Location of PAM projects. 02:46 Reasons why PAM is in Thailand. 03:48 Thailand ministry delegation going to project area. 04:17 Deliverables. How has the market responded to your business strategy? 07:11 What are the issues for the project? 10:16 Has the mica lithium processing discussion settled? 11:55 Mica lithium minerals are now part of the Lithium family. 13:51 Everything is market driven. 14:23 The Lithium Narrative - Lots of Lithium in the ground but Processing is the bottleneck. 16:35 Which path is PAM taking to be a producer ? 18:50 Future of the lithium space in battery 20:27 Can PAM be played out as they are a small company. 23:16 Jurisdiction risk investing outside of Australia? 28:39 Countering the Jurisdiction question. 28:58 Complying with ESG makes things work. 29:40 Good business principals drive process. 30:34 News flow 32:32 Why is PAM flying under the radar? 34:42 Why PAM? 36:32 Conclusion

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 The Exploration Focus of Matador Mining - Building a Mining Portfolio  Rooster Talk Episode 56 with Sam Pazuki, the new Managing Director/CEO and Ian Murray, Non-Executive Chair of Matador Mining Limited (ASX: MZZ)  This episode of Rooster Talk is all about Sam Pazuki, the Managing Director and CEO of Matador Mining. Sam comes from an experienced background with Oceania Gold Limited (ASX: OGC : TSX: OGC) who are a very successful gold miner. I like this move as I have said in my previous comments that Matador is a gold miner in the waiting.   The Cape Ray project is 120km in length and has a resource of over 800,000 ounces which is destined to grow over time.         In this episode, we get to hear what Sam's vision is for Matador. We also hear from Ian Murray, Non-Executive Chair, who shares his thoughts on the new member of the board and the new CEO.   Chapters:   00:00 Start   00:20 Introduction   00:52 Ian Murray introduces Sam Pazuki, as new CEO .   01:53 Self-intro by Sam Pazuki   06:07 Looking at Gold Road No. 2 in making and the handover transition   08:18 Sam smooth transition period into MZZ   12:00 What is the prize for Matador?   17:11 The importance of structural geology.   17:55 The right strategy   19:01 Thoughts on Hermitage Project   19:33 Quick update on Matador   21:38 Ian involvement in MZZ   23:10 Sam on market expectation   25:10 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 143 Today's mineral exploration story is about Cooper Metals Limited (ASX: CPM) chasing for Copper and Gold. Ian Warland, Cooper's Managing Director, an exploration geologist with more than three decades of experience shares the concepts of the Cooper Metals story. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, I an gives us a good update on what is happening with their Australian projects in Mt Isa East, Queensland and the Gooroo Gold project in Western Australia. The recent interest in the Mt Isa region is set for exploration activities that is slowly taking shape. As the company is getting ready for more exploration activities, we learn about what is happening and why viewers should be getting some good old DYOR happening. Cooper Metals still has a fairly low market capitalisation so I urge viewers to watch and contact Ian to understand more about the company. Let's listen to these chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:02 Ian Warland introduces Cooper Metals Limited 01:31 Quick run down on the RC program at King Solomon and Python 04:27 The significance of the ground proofing 04:54 Difference between EM and Fixed EM Loop 06:25 The evolution of Geophysics in exploring for Base Metals 07:42 Importance of modern technology advances like Geophysics 09:15 Geophysics saving exploration expenditure 09:41 Gooroo project 12:07 Geophysical targeting. 12:33 Market expectations 13:27 Current market flow 14:34 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk Episode 55 is with Nicole Galloway Warland, Managing Director - Thor Mining Plc (ASX: THR) Thor Mining is a updating us on the Ragged Range and the Uranium projects. The scene is set for exploration to begin. Our first encounter with Thor Mining was in February 2021 at a Coffee with Samso - A Potential ESG compliant Copper-Gold Producer: Thor Mining Plc (ASX:THR) - and the current Managing Director, Nicole Galloway Warland was the company's Exploration Manager then. The projects that were just being worked on then had just as much potential as the story. In this episode of Rooster Talk, Nicle gives us an update on the Ragged Range project which has a Lithium, Copper and Gold flair. The project is intriguing as it appears to have all three commodities in play. As Nicole begins to explain, the Ragged Range is very under explored with potentials that have yet to be realised or sterilised. As the exploration work begins to take hold, new will be flowing and a time for some serious work to be completed. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:19 Update from Nicole. 02:10 Ragged Range 04:52 What has the historical information taught you about Ragged Ramge. 06:17 The Uranium and Vanadium update. 08:16 A well known uranium and vanadium area. 09:15 The acceptance of Uranium and Implications. 10:35 Uranium and the "No Emission" world. 11:24 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso Episode 142 is all about Revolver Resources Limited (ASX: RRR) discovering what is looking like a giant Copper Deposit in Queensland. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, we explore a company that is developing a great copper deposit. Revolver has two assets in north western Queensland, Australia that seem to be little know. The company had worked on these projects for 7 years in a private capacity and were listed in 2021. The company is well funded, cashed up and is in the process of unlocking the value of Dianne and Osprey. The two projects headline the company with both showing enormous potential. Pat Williams, the managing director of the company speaks to us about the dedication of the company to produce value for shareholders by systematically going through the process of exploration while keeping a tight reign on costs. The recent discovery of the Green Hill corridor speaks volume of the potential of Dianne. Green Hill prospect is not looking to emulate a size of 3 football fields and the results are indicating that the size could grow further. Operation on site commenced 1st half of Oct 2021-2022 and continuous in the wet tropics. The work completed include surface mapping, regional surface sampling, an extensive IP program and a 17 hole DD program. Diane is open in 3 remaining directions. Osprey is poised to be a Tier 1 project. The company has conducted 3 IP programs & continues building the geophysical signatures. The project is already showing indicators of a halo typical of an IOCG (Iron Oxide Copper Gold) system. The talented and experienced Board of Management are hands on actively exploring its tenements and pursuing further acquisitions as well as creating additional Shareholder value.​ Let's listen to these chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:10 The Dog with two Tales. 01:30 Pat Williams Introduction. 04:50 Transition from private company to public listed 07:03 The Dianne Copper Project 14:56 The prospectivity of projects like Diane. 16:50 Dianne project is an underexplored system? 24:11 The Green Hill prospect? 26:43 The other project - Osprey? 34:12 The value of WMC projects. 36:17 The pedigree of Osprey. 40:48 What could hamper your project and how are you countering these issues? 45:21 What are the news flow that investor can expect? 49:14 Why RRR? 50:21 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 141 is all about the progress to a Feasibility Study and creating a World Class Tin producer Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) is starting to build the long path for production and this is a great conversation with Andrew Radonjic, the Managing Director. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Andrew share with us the progress and what he sees as the building steps to making Venture Minerals as a World Class Tin and Tungsten producer. Andrew and I discuss what has been happening and he gives an update on Thor (Julimar look-alike), Kulin, and Golden Grove North. These are what we call the other projects but we know that all these projects have the potential to have a life of their own. What I like about Venture Minerals at this stage is that the volatility that has been a common theme with its share price appear to have abated. This is a great time for potential investors to start doing their DYOR. I urge all interested readers and viewers to reach out to Andrew and satisfy their questions. Patience is the key to looking at the company's future. Let's listen to these chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:09 Thor Update 01:43 The Thor JV is now confirmed. 04:44 Thor could get bigger. 06:14 Team getting ready for upcoming Feasibility Studies. 10:26 What's the difference in the study now and in 2012. 14:18 Is the current resource robust enough? 19:22 Is the margin better now ? Can the other metals be a credit to the process? 23:46 What are the potential of non-Tin and non-Tungsten metals? 30:10 What are the exploration potentials? 31:35 Could the current Geopolitical Issues can be positive for the Tungsten market? 37:02 Thoughts on nationalism on metal mining. 39:53 Is the Green Tin still a possibility? 45:11 Rehabilitation can be positive for the environment. 46:46 Other projects. 49:24 News flow 51:03 Why the feasibility study should be "easier". 52:26 Conclusions

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"}}},"VERSION":"8.70.33"}"> Episode 140 of Coffee with Samso is with Ashok Parekh sharing with us about his experience in Kalgoorlie and the activities within the Mineral Resources sector. Ashok Parekh is an established and well respected identity within the Kalgoorlie community. This is the reason why he is so knowledgeable about the industry. According to Ashok, he has been in Kalgoorlie since 1984 and it is for this reason that I seek to have him on Coffee with Samso. There are not many chances where we get to hear from participants who are well entrenched with the ins and outs of this industry. I have known of Ashok for many decades and this is the first time I have spoken to him. A legend in Kalgoorlie, A legend in the mineral resource industry and a legend in the art of del making in a sector that has more dangerous creatures than the Southern Ocean To all those viewers who are investors, this is a great episode to listen to someone who is in the "purple circle". His words of wisdom you cannot buy. This is a man who has done it all so I encourage viewers to watch and reach out to Ashok. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:26 Ashok introduces the story. 03:08 What was the Mining Industry like back in 1984? 05:42 What was the exploration industry like in the 1980s and now? 07:42 The lessons learned from the Silverlake Resources Limited IPO. 09:55 The Mystic of Paddy Hannan. 12:16 The success story from Kalgoorlie. 14:42 Race is not an issue in this industry. 15:44 What is Kalgoorlie like now? 17:13 The Industry is all about Boom and Bust. 18:04 The beauty of the Goldfields. 19:47 The potential of the Superpit. 20:27 Silver and Zinc potential in the Goldfields. 21:03 Biggest Issue for the Goldfields. 21:19 The bottle neck of Toll Treatment. 22:15 The Business of Gold Mining. 23:54 The process of making money in the gold mining industry. 25:56 The Rydges Model. 27:57 Understanding Technical and Management. 29:42 Quality people will create good business culture. 32:18 Commodity Price. 33:06 Lithium - The Real deal? 34:45 Is this our generation of a new Industrial Revolution / E-Revolution? 37:05 Vanadium. 39:40 Mount Holland and Red Dirt Metals Limited. 40:32 Uranium. 42:49 What is Ashok doing now? 44:30 Thank you to Ashok. 44:59 Diggers and Dealers. 45:56 Conclusion and Ashok´s work within the Indigenous Community. Ashok Parekh Centenary Medal 2003 Recipient: Australian Government (Governor General of Australia and Prime Minister of Australia) Meritorious Service Award 2009: (Institute Chartered Accountants in Australia) Mr Ashok Parekh is a chartered accountant, with over 40 years’ experience, who owns a large Accounting Practice in Kalgoorlie, which he has operated for 33 years. He was awarded the Centenary Medal in 2003 by the Governor General of Australia, and was recently awarded the Meritorious Service Award by the Institute of Chartered Accountants, the highest award granted by the institute in Australia. Mr Parekh has over 33 years’ experience in providing advice to mining companies and service providers to the mining industry. He has spent many years negotiating with public listed companies and prospectors on mining deals which have resulted in new IPOs and the commencement of new gold mining operations. He has also been involved in the management of gold mining and milling companies in the Kalgoorlie region, and has been the Managing Director of some of these companies. He is well known in the West Australian mining industry and has a very successful background in the ownership of numerous businesses in the Goldfields. Mr Parekh was an Executive Chairman of ASX-listed A1 Consolidated Gold Limited (ASX: AYC) from 2011 to 2014.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 140 with Brad Underwood, Executive Chair and Managing Director of Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL) is all about the next drilling campaign in Norseman. A systematic approach is now testing their palladium prospect in Norseman, Western Australia. If you are looking for an exploration company on the Australian Stock Exchange or ASX Limited (ASX: ASX) you need to DYOR big time on Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL). This episode is a discussion on the technical merits of the Norseman project. Galileo is about to undertake another drilling program. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:57 Brad Updates. 01:28 The drilling starts again. 02:21 What have you learned from the past drilling campaign in Norseman? 03:40 Is the geology in Norseman and Albany Fraser different and if so, what are the differences? 05:14 How are the host rock chemistry differ in Norseman and the Fraser Range. 06:14 Has the exploration strategy for GAL changed over time? 07:45 Is GAL is looking at a new mineralising province? 09:12 What is a good Palladium grade? What should investors look for in a Palladium project? 10:37 What is the magical number that investors should look at in an announcement? 12:24 Is there a proportion of Nickel and Palladium to look for? 13:23 Palladium 13:47 Why is GAL so well funded? 15:03 GAL has good shareholders. 15:44 What does Brad think of the Nickel market? 17:23 The News coming up for Investors and Shareholders. 18:37 Norseman has not been a Palladium area. 19:33 Conclusions

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James E Marsh clears the air about Andromeda Metals Limited (ASX:ADN) over Coffee with Samso Episode 138 The time has finally come with the release of the Definitive Feasibility Study (DFS). The long awaited release of the Andromeda business. When I last spoke to Andromeda Metals Limited (ASX: ADN) in late 2021, the company was basically doing its best to keep momentum while waiting for the DFS to be completed. The last Coffee with Samso: The Real Halloysite - Kaolin Story - Andromeda Metals Limited (ASX: ADN) - Episode 124 The premise of the whole business was that it is a simple business that was going to make a lot of money. The initial reaction from the market was not a good one but I think the temperament of investors need to consume a strong taste of reality. After talking with James Marsh and learning more about the business, I was convinced that the business has moved on from a simple bulk commodity business of blending the Kaolin product. This is now a sophisticated future that is still developing.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 137 with Robert Mosig, CEO of Caeneus Minerals Limited (ASX: CAD). Caeneus Minerals has been busy since our last Coffee with Samso in September 2021 where Robert Mosig, CEO of Caeneus Minerals Limited, showed us what was happening with the projects. Caeneus has been slowly working the projects in the Pilbara looking for gold and now base metals. The Pardoo project is now showing some good indications of Ni-Cu-PGE which would be a new style discovery for the area. You can check out the last Coffee with Samso with Robert Mosig here: Looking for the next Gold Mine in the Pilbara - Caeneus Minerals Limited (ASX: CAD) - Episode 110 Chapters 00:00 Start 00:25 Introduction 00:56 Robert updating the Caeneus Projects. 01:53 Mineral Exploration is not an overnight process 02:54 Where is the exploration thinking now on the current projects in Caeneus? 06:19 Why did people think that there is no gold in the Pilbara? 10:03 How much time is Robert spending on the thinking process? 11:51 Caeneus is not just after gold. 14:33 The Pilbara is a polymetallic province. 16:40 Avoiding the 'Jack of All Trades" statement. 18:12 Where is this mineral Industry "boom" going to stop? 20:44 Geopolitical unrest is helping out mineral exploration. 22:02 The news flow going forward. 23:39 Last words from Robert Mosig. 25:02 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso Episode 136 is with Michael Jardine, Managing Director of Ironbark Zinc Limited (ASX: IBG). When I first came across Ironbark Zinc, I was intrigued by the Citronen Zinc-Lead project in Greenland. It is a project that has basically ticked all the boxes for mining and production to happen immediately. The Bankable Feasibility Study (BFS) was released in July 2021 which looked pretty good. I reached out to Michael to see if we could have a Coffee and showcase what I think is a ready made project. It is not every day that you come across a project that seems to have all their ducks lined up in a row but is still not a happening thing. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:56 Michael introduces the Ironbark Story 01:42 Geology of the Citronen Zinc Project. 02:47 How has the market reacted to the BFS? 04:38 Zinc Price 07:24 What is the process of breaking dirt for Ironbark? 09:55 How do you manoeuvre through the potential cost of Artic mining? 13:10 Why Citronen is easier than other "Arctic" mining projects. 14:53 The Jurisdiction Question? 17:32 The Uranium Spanner in the Works 18:15 Exploration upside of Citronen. 19:52 Greenland is a good place for a mining project. 21:22 The Green - ESG Zinc conversation? 24:55 What are the drivers of the Zinc market ? 26:39 Substitution of Metals? 27:29 Can Citronen be a Green process? 29:44 Why invest in Ironbark? 31:45 The marketcap of Ironbark is low. 32:44 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso Episode 135 is with Matthew Boyes, Managing Director of Red Dirt Metals Limited (ASX: RDT). I first spoke to Matthew Boyes, Managing Director of Red Dirt Metals Limited (ASX: RDT) in May 2021 when the present company was called TNT Mines Limited. That was the first Coffee with Samso for Matthew and we spoke about the then direction of the company. Check out the Coffee with Samso: The Remaking of the Eureka Gold Mine - TNT Mines Limited (ASX: TIN) - Episode 86 Since the acquisition of the Mt Ida project in September 2021 (Mt Ida Acquisition, Capital Raise and Presentation), the company has rebranded themselves and is now the greater path of developing a Lithium project. The company completed the transaction on the 24th September 2021 (Completion of Mt Ida Acquisition). n this episode of Coffee with Samso, Matthew gives us an insight into the story of Mt. Ida. The movement in share price and hence, market capitalisation has been remarkable. However as we write this Insight, the value of AUD212M, according to Matthew, seem to be undervalued. The project brings back recollection of the Mt Holland story but time will tell if the Mt. Ida lithium story will bring similar fortunes for shareholders of Red Dirt Metal. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:07 The Mt Ida Story 05:28 What kind of grade does hard rock lithium project needs - in relation to Red Dirt. 08:36 Advantageous of Drilling for pegmatites 10:19 How much of the project has been drilled? 12:22 Can you see consistencies in the geology of the pegmatites? 14:01 What should people look for to understand the Red Dirt Story? 15:32 Explaining the significance of LCT pegmatites. 17:22 Is the proportions of LCT positive or negative? 19:02 What could throw a spanner in the works? 20:21 Is there a type deposit happening in the Lithium industry? 22:32 How does Matthew take this Lithium market? 24:06 Is there such a term as good or bad lithium project? 25:51 How should investors temper their expectations on the Red Dirt Story? 27:21 The lack of information is mutual. 28:21 Mt Ida is a Gold project too. 31:19 How does the gold sit spatially to the lithium? 32:56 Where does the Gold project sit on the list of things to do? 33:43 News flow 35:16 What are the brokers saying about RDT? 36:04 How big can Mt Ida be? What is your pitch to the Investors out there? 37:36 Samso's thoughts 38:10 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso Episode 133 with Don Smith, Managing Director, Tempest Minerals Limited (ASX:TEM) Tempest Minerals Limited (used to be called Lithium Consolidated Limited) has made many ASX companies watching with envy. The company made the announcement on the 28th March 2022. The 709m drill hole that has come up with massive sulphides cannot be ignored. This is in no doubt a discovery hole. What is for certain is that this is a Volcanogenic Massive Sulphide (VMS) system. What is yet to be ascertain is in regards to the potential size, the endowment and if this will be an economic system. According to Don Smith, the Managing Director of Tempest Minerals Limited, this is an exciting time for the company. The discovery is from a location that was never thought of to be productive. Management discovered that the greenstones that hosted the Golden Grove VMS deposit may have diverted to the tenements that the company hold. The drilling that was announced is prove that this theory is well thought of and could make the difference in creating a new mineralised province. This area has never been pegged and previous explorers have ignore and thought of the place as not mineralised. 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 02:26 Discovery Hole 02:56 How does the core compare to a typical VMS geology? 03:45 What does the geology tell you about the potential? 06:20 Was this a geology drill hole? 08:24 How much confidence do you draw from what you know now to your initial theory? 09:31 Any structural offsets? 10:05 Is depth of mineralisation a concern for you? 10:53 How will this discovery affect your other projects? 12:55 Mount Magnet Projects. 15:43 Where is the focus now? 16:41 Is this a VMS project? 17:08 How big is this system? 17:38 What is the news flow coming for Tempest? 18:25 Patience is paying off for shareholders. Exploration activities will be speeding up. 19:11 Don's sales pitch to Investors. 21:18 Conclusions

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Rooster Talk Episode 54 is with Brad Valiukas, Managing Director of Aurumin Limited (ASX: AUN)

The time has come for Aurumin Limited (ASX:AUN) to step up and deliver on its aspiration to become a mid-tier gold miner.

We know where the ounces are, we are going to try and deliver a result. - Brad Valiukas.

In this episode, we get an update from Brad on the path forward for Aurumin after completing the acquisition.

We spoke about how management was going to plan the work that will be happening over the next 12 to 18 months.

Mt Dimer and Mt Palmer and Johnson Range are still core projects for the company.

However, with this acquisition, the Sandstone project is a step up. In saying that, Brad assures us that there is a lot of work still to be done with the existing projects.

There is no question that the acquisition is a big value add to the company, however, markets do have a mine of their own when it comes to valuation.

Personally, if you look at what is in the project with the Two Mile Tonalite, if management can make this work, it will be a game changer.

This is a good ground floor play for investors and I strongly encourage those investors who have done their own research to seek out Brad.

Talk to him and ask him what his thoughts are and his reasons for acquiring Sandstone.

00:00 Start 00:25 Introduction 00:53 Brad discuss Sandstone acquisition. 01:08 How will the new Sandstone project fit into Aurumin. 02:12 How is the Mt Dimer project going? 04:49 How does Aurumin plan the exploration? 07:40 Exploration changes depending on results? 09:35 The Two Mile Tonalite - The Prize 11:16 The Pegasus Story - The Hidden Jewel of Sandstone. 12:24 The news ahead for Aurumin. 15:04 The Ultrafine Sampling Success. 16:17 The Reasons to look at Aurumin. 17:23 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 132 with Barry Cahill, Executive Director of Cyprium Metals Limited (ASX:CYM) The time has come for Cyprium Metals Limited to lay out he thematics of the Nifty Story. The release of the Restart Study is effectively the beginning of what is about to come as the company progress down the path of mining and delivery copper plates. In this episode of Coffee with Samso Barry shares with us what the Cyprium business will take shape in the coming 18 months. The company is planning to be in production in 2023 and this is effectively shaped by this study. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:15 Introduction 00:58 Barry and the mineral resource. 03:45 The Copper price margin. 05:06 Potential future mine life. 07:18 The Nifty West Drilling 08:50 The Pit Shells 10:48 The Nifty Processing Story 16:25 How big can the Nifty resources get? 18:10 What could derail the Nifty Story? 22:00 How does the Nifty Story compare to others in the market? 25:58 Any Environmental Issues? 29:07 Why is Cyprium so cheap? 31:53 History repeats itself. 32:44 What are shareholders and potential investors look at Cyprium? 35:50 What are you peers? 36:48 The other projects? The Total Strategy 41:05 The plan going ahead. 44:55 No short cuts in mining. 45:25 The case of Risk Reduction. 46:28 Conclusion

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Scott Williamson, Managing Director of Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) returns today on Coffee with Samso Episode 131 with insights about the release of their Pre Feasibility Study. The time has finally come for the Blackstone story to move to a stage where investors and shareholders can feel some level of comfort. The Prefeasibility Study (PFS) is a major milestone for the company as it makes it way to becoming a nickel miner and a producer of battery cathodes.

The PFS is basically the script to what the end goal will look like in 2025. The next stage of the Definitive Feasibility Study will only differ marginally. - Scott Williamson

It has been a while since I last spoke with Scott Williamson and in this episode, we explored the meaning and workings of the PFS. As one of the major steps in the journey, I wanted Scott to talk to us and explain what all the facts and figures mean for the company and shareholders. This episode is what we have been waiting for since the Scoping Study which we talked about in a Coffee With Samso : The First Step in Creating a Green Nickel Mine - Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX: BSX) which was back in 2020. When we look back at the very first episode: Blackstone Minerals Limited - Not just mining Nickel, Scott has delivered everything he has spoken about over the time. This new step is again another bold step in the Blackstone journey. However, I feel that this step is probably the last step where shareholders can jump on this story are a "cheap" valuation. It is this thought that I urge readers to Do Your Own Research and decide if this is a good place to put your hard earned money. Tune in to find out if we are overdoing ESG. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:50 Scott updates on the PFS. 02:40 CAPEX 03:23 Good Payback and Margins of the Business 05:11 The Coop Story. 06:40 What does the PFS mean for shareholders? 09:12 Can Investors take the PFS as a Green Light. 11:12 Where does the Ta Koa Nickel Project compare to world standards? 14:13 How feasible is 2025? 17:01 The 50% third party Feed- Will that be a problem? 19:32 ESG compliant feed. 20:24 Timeline for Mining and Refinery. 21:14 Is there pressure to start earlier? 22:48 What is the mineral resource coming along? 24:49 What are the Challengers for Blackstone? 26:58 What could derail the Blackstone Story? 28:26 What are the Brokers/Funders saying? 30:33 How are shareholders taking the PFS and How should they take it? 33:25 Raising 850M should be easy. 34:26 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk Episode 53 Today's mineral exploration story is an update from Cooper Metals Limited (ASX: CPM) chasing for Copper and Gold. Ian Warland, Cooper's Managing Director, an exploration geologist with more than three decades of experience shares the concepts of the Cooper Metals story. This Rooster Talk is an update on how things are progressing for Cooper Metals Limited since our first conversation in December 2021. The share price for the company has risen substantially as Carnaby Resources Limited (ASX: CNB) made a significant discovery nearby. The announcement on the 17th December 2021 had set the scene for similar discoveries in this region, as described below,

The RC pre-collar to NLDD044 has intersected a 34m down hole zone of copper sulphide including a 24m zone of mostly semi massive copper sulphide containing 5-40% chalcopyrite based on visual estimates

When the next announcement on the 29th December 2021 came out with the assays, it was a race for the young and old. The title read

" MAJOR COPPER GOLD DISCOVERY 41m @ 4.1% COPPER, INCLUDING 9m @ 10.3% COPPER AT GREATER DUCHESS PROJECT"

41m @ 4.1% copper, 0.5 g/t gold from 247m

Incl. 24m @ 6.5% copper, 0.7g/t gold from 251m

Incl. 9m @ 10.3% copper, 1.2g/t gold from 264m

The Mt. Isa East project is is now in play and Ian and his team are edging to get out there and prove that they too have similar potential. What is on offer is that the company has a market capitalisation of 20M and it is just near discovery. I think that if (and there is a good chance) discovery happens for Cooper Metals, this will be north of 100M.

"Copper is where you see it on the surface", says Ian Warland.

I am seriously doing my own DYOR on this story. I like this project a lot. Rarely do I express my excitement but this is very different and the potential is still in the ground. As Ian mentioned in the video, this is just the beginning and the latest geophysical surveys are indicating some reasonable target. In addition, Carnaby has shown the world that there is more in the ground than people have thought off in the last few decades. All the fruits may still be in the ground. Let's listen to these chapters Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:14 Ian Warland updates. 01:58 What does the latest geophysical surveys mean for the current projects? 04:26 Is Python and King Solomon the key prospects in Mt Isa? 06:37 How has the recent news from your neighbours helped in the Cooper Metal Story. 08:48 Mt Isa has had a big gap between historical data and current exploration. 11:09 What is the market saying to you? 13:21 What's the news flow coming up? 15:02 When does the drilling happening? 15:40 Is it a case of "Don't Drill a Perfectly Good Project" ? 16:59 Last words from Ian Warland. 19:14 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 128 is with Doug Grewar, CEO of Emu NL (ASX:EMU). The Emu NL story is one of very early stage but highly prospective projects. This story has been and is still flying under the DYOR radar screen of many investors. Investors are always looking for that undervalued company, and if the management for Emu NL is true to their intentions, this could be the one. When I looked at their projects, it reminded me of my first Coffee with Samso with Venture Minerals Limited. The similarities are that both companies are a diversified mineral explorer with projects that have true prospectivity. Mineral Exploration is all about having two key component, a good technical story and a management that is in tuned with the story of discovery. Emu seems to have been flying under the radar screen and this may be a good time for interested punters to do some serious DYOR. Doug brings us great insights into the projects within Emu NL. As this is at the high end of risks in a mineral explorer, I think this is worth a look. The projects are in new frontier land and it will not take a lot to give it value. The old game of high risk, high return game. Get ready to take notes here and make some exciting discoveries about a relatively unknown and undervalued mineral explorer. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:11 The history of Emu NL. 02:57 The Badja story, gold, tungsten and base-metals. 06:31 Tungsten and what it may mean for Emu. 08:25 More refined Geophysics in the future? 09:38 Sunfire and the Julimar-style potential. 12:54 The Sunfire potential confirms Emu's excitement. 14:15 The plate margin story. 15:21 Viper and its potential. 17:04 Graceland Project - Wheatbelt story. 20:27 8 Mile Dam Project - Nickel Sulphide Story. 22:11 How are the money people taking the Emu Story? 23:58 Market sentiment and Cash position for Emu. 25:38 The long game of mineral exploration is the only game in town. 25:50 Going back to the Badja project - the Base Metal potential. 27:50 Tungsten grades are worth noting. 28:57 News flow in the next 12 months. 30:01 Review of the projects. 31:40 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso Episode 129 with Ian Murray, Executive Chairman of Matador Mining Limited (ASX: MZZ) The Story Begins I have finally been able to get Ian Murray in a Coffee with Samso. I first came across Ian in 2011 (I think) in Hong Kong at the Mines and Money. We spoke briefly about what Gold Road was doing and how I was impressed with their tenure in the Yarmana Greenstone Belt. Well, it looks like Ian is on another similar project. However, this time, it looks like it is an easier project that is destined to be a gold mining district. The Cape Ray project is one that has the potential to be a multi million ounce gold mine. All it needs now is drilling and more drilling. In the previous Coffee with Samso Episode 54, we had Warren Potma sharing how the company is systematically working on the project.

One of the imposing features of this project is the 120 km of strike (length), where the company is continuously finding gold mineralisation.

In this episode, I talk with Ian Murray about how Matador Mining is handling things since that last conversation. The conversation that developed was great. Ian has painted a great backdrop of what has happened, what ill happen and what could happen. What I liked was that it was not promotive, no very blue sky conversation, but a factual commentary. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:11 Ian Murray introduction 02:03 Update on the Cape Ray Project 04:19 Can Cape Ray be big? 06:32 Is there a consistent style of mineralisation? 07:54 The low grade vs. high grade question. 10:10 How waste can dilute an ore body. 11:08 The unloved nature of gold narrative. 12:25 The need to be relevance in the market? 14:23 Is the Matador story a Simple Story? 16:15 Is there a surprises in the geology of Cape Ray Shear? 19:05 Are there any Metallurgical concerns? 20:02 Is there a magical geological formula? 22:16 Will matador do Cape Ray justice? 24:19 Cape Ray is a Company maker. 25:07 Hermitage story? 26:44 Potential for pegmatites 27:09 Can the Cape Ray shear host high grade deposits? 28:37 Newfoundland has little history of exploration. 29:54 TSX vs. ASX 32:35 How is the matador story being received? 34:27 News flow for the next 12 months? 36:41 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso Episode 130 with Andrew Paterson, Managing Director of Great Boulder Resources Limited (ASX: GBR) I have been an advocate for mineral exploration for a long time and the recent discovery of Side Well Project continues to confirm my narration. I have been chasing the Great Boulder story for a long time. I think I started the chase in 2020 and I have finally got Andrew Paterson on the show. I would have like to have got the story before the recent discoveries but that seems to be the Samso luck. We have missed out on a few stories but after having this conversation, I think there are still more to be made. When I first looked at Great Boulder Resources, they were a company with a market capitalisation of less than AUD10M. Today as I write this, they are sitting at AUD52M. As a punter myself, one could see this as a 5 bag investment that has been played out. However, if you look at what the company has (a discovery) and have not (a resource or even the initial information of building a resource), the AUD52M market cap is the premium you would pay for a safer "punt". As we all know, "investing" in these kind of companies are a hit and miss at the best of times, but in my opinion, in this extraordinary time in this sector, it is worst. I cannot stress enough the need to look deep into the technical and the management of the company. There are so many factors out there currently that could make our beautiful life more tense and complicated. The situation in Ukraine and the inflationary circumstances of the post pandemic world. Investments of all sorts must be more calculated than before and putting your money into exploration stocks comes with even greater risks. Great Boulder has some great stories and the fact that this is a new discovery in a new tectonic setting is very attractive. Patience is key for Great Boulder and by the looks of things, they have most likely discovered a nee mineral camp or province. Take your time and watch the Coffee with Samso and I encourage viewers to reach out to Andrew and ask him the questions. Andrew comes across as a straight shooter and is technically versed to share his thoughts. You will see in the video that he has not once taken the blue sky narrative. Instead, he keeps his expectations at the reality level and at the same time, open up thoughts of what could be if things go their way. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 02:22 How is Andrew's mining experience helping his current position in GBR. 05:43 The Side Well Story 09:42 What was the target that discovered Side Well? 11:34 Is this a new camp or province for gold mineralisation? 15:47 Is the epithermal system creating the higher gold grade? 16:22 Diamond drilling is happening now. 16:39 Is continuation of mineralisation expected? 17:33 The 500m prospective 500m gap. 18:35 Is the geophysics helping exploration? 19:31 Wellington Project 21:15 The nearology concept 21:34 Whitehead Project 22:50 The grades and intercepts at Whitehead is not small. 24:32 Will the prospectivity of Whitehead create an issue for GBR in terms of work required? 25:58 Focusing on what is best for the company is critical. 26:47 Gold market conversation. 29:32 What is the News flow? 32:32 Where is the confidence of drilling results come from? 35:51 Is your understanding of geophysics and geochemistry driving your drilling confidence? 37:51 What would you say to investors who think the share price uplift is over? 38:59 GBR value should be higher with the potential to come. 40:13 Andrew last words? 42:36 Conclusions

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The title above above should read An Undervalued Tin Producer. Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) is a company that has a somewhat idendity crises. It has a portfolio of highly prospective exploration projects and a world class tin mining project. Remember this #GreenTin Song

The Green metal and No Emission movement has made the plight of the Tin Story important for Investors. Venture Minerals may be an accidental recipient of the Green Metal movement.

This episode of Coffee with Samso with Andrew Radonjic, the Managing Director, is the setting for the year 2022. In my opinion, after a fresh raising late last year, which is showing the market the confidence from the shareholders, there are many positives to come in the following months. Let's listen to these chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 08:35 The reason we cannot go past the Tin Prize at Mount Lindsay. 15:03 Mount Lindsay has more than Tin and Tungsten. 16:53 The update on Thor 20:36 Kulin 26:12 Golden Grove North 30:08 Riley 35:55 Reason why the game in town is Mount Lindsay. 39:12 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 126 with Alex Biggs, CEO of Critical Resources Ltd (ASX: CRR). The story is gathering momentum for Critical Resources Limited in the Lithium and Zinc space. In this episode of Coffee with Samso Alex Biggs gives us a rundown on the 2022 path for the company with Mavis Lake Lithium project ,the Halls Peak Base Metal project and the new acquisition of Plaid and Whiteloon Lake Lithium projects. When I first looked at Critical Resources Limited, I was interested in the Halls Peak project but this story is now at the cusp of drilling for lithium in Canada. As we all know, lithium is the magic word and with the onset of a world of no emission and electrification of power, this is going to be a space that will continue to grow. One of the major factors that will affect demand is the jurisdiction of projects. What that means is that the ESG factor is going to play a role and it will be a major role in determining the demand for your product. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:15 Introduction 00:54 Alex Biggs update 01:39 Halls Peak 05:03 Potential of Halls Peak. 07:18 The New England Fold Belt is Prospective. 07:57 What's the money market telling you? 10:02 What's the time frame on drilling in Canada? 11:29 Taking big tenement area in Canada. 13:17 Realisation that the demand for Lithium batteries is bigger than first thoughts. 15:07 Key driver of future Critical metals demand is the emergence of EV and ESG. 17:04 The role of Jurisdiction. 18:02 Decoupling of world from reliance of China and the market expectations on confidence in 2022. 19:23 Consistent flow of news is key. 20:50 What is the news flow for the next 12 months? 23:05 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk Episode 52 with Allan Kelly, Executive Chair of Miramar Resources Limited (ASX: M2R) is a great revelation of how investors should look at projects and how companies do mineral exploration. There are exiting times coming for Miramar as they are slowly ravelling the potential jewels in their project portfolio. The consistent drilling results coming out of the Gidji project is showing signs of a slow development into a valued proposition. As exploration continue, Allan believes that the Gidji project is a new mineral camp with the vast array of geological formations and mineralising tectonic settings. The recent geophysical results from the Mt Vernon project in the Bangemall is creating a lot of opportunities for Miramar. The company has now new targets being generated which they will interpret and start more surveys to vector drill targets. The third major project that is now looking at unlocking its secret is the Whaleshark project. In this Rooster Talk, Allan gives us an in-depth discussion of all these topics.

I believe that the Gidji project is now a new mineral camp that sits between Kalgoorlie and Paddington.

Chapters 00:00 Start 00:15 Introduction 00:53 Allan updates. 04:58 The development of Gidji into a monster project. 07:34 Why Gidji is going to be a Camp. 09:08 Taking stock of what is in Gidji _ This is why Gidji is a Camp. 09:50 The first systematic exploration at Gidji. 10:25 KCGM actively drilling at Runway - 280m @ 1g/t. 11:41 KCGM been drilling for two months - Must be something Happening. 14:52 Gidji is strategically placed for corporate and discovery activities. 15:28 Bangemall Project - Mt. Vernon - The history and Why its Prospective. 16:47 The Craton Margin Factor. 18:24: The Discovery of the Atlas Ni-Cu-PGE occurrences. 23:04 The EM response at Mt. Vernon - What it means for Investors. 25:30 The Interpretation of the geophysical data - How it is done. 26:30 How significant are these anomalies? 28:26 How do we interpret the intensity of the anomalies? 29:35 The three important requirements for discovery? 31:00 John Hronsky and the importance of deep lithospheric structures. 32:14 The Whaleshark Project - A Geological reason on the High Prospectivity. 43:11 Miramar is now becoming a Three project company. 46:32 The way of Good Mineral Exploration 49:04 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 125 is with Brad Valiukas, Managing Director of Aurumin Limited (ASX: AUN) The acquisition of 750,000 ounces of gold is clear indication of the intent of Aurumin Limited. I have felt that Brad Valiukas and his team were focused on a mining strategy. This move has confirmed my thoughts. Aurumin Limited (ASX:AUN) listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) with two very interesting projects in the Southern Cross Goldfields that has a history of producing high-grade resources. The strategy was pretty straight forward. Acquire historical mining projects that have potential for growth, drill and develop. When I hear companies with this strategy, many use that as the lead for a story and few actually have the intent to make it happen. The initial Mt Dimer and Mt Palmer and Johnson Range initial cornerstone projects for the company. However, with this acquisition, the Sandstone project is a step up. One of the key aspect of the project is the 500,000 ounces of gold resources which is untouched and underground. In my opinion, this is an upside that cannot be ignored. This is definitely not going to be a sprint to the finish. This is going to be a marathon and by the sound of our conversation, there are more surprises coming. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:25 Introduction 00:55 Brad discuss Sandstone acquisition 01:40 The prospectivity of the Sandstone and How does Aurumin pitch the story now? 03:15 How does the older projects work alongside the new project. 04:53 Key projects of Sandstone. 07:06 Is there a Mill story? 09:03 Neighbours are finding new gold, is this positive for Aurumin? 11:01 How do you explain the low grade story to investors? 13:17 Making the ounces work. 14:40 Underground is a new play - Renovation is not always a good thing. 15:08 What is Brad's thoughts on the potential. 16:05 The ore is recoverable. 16:39 Does the market like this gold space? 18:59 Interest for transaction. 19:53 What is the news coming up? 20:48 What is happening in the other projects? 22:31 Is your other projects a trailer to what will come with Sandstone ? 23:33 Satellite projects will make the Mill story work. 24:34 A communal Mill will work for all players. 25:52 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 123 is with Nicole Galloway Warland, Managing Director - Thor Mining Plc (ASX: THR) Thor Mining is a very special diversified mineral exploration company. Special in that there are three very prospective projects and one of them could make this minnow a serious copper producer. Our first encounter with Thor Mining was in February 2021 with a Coffee with Samso - A Potential ESG compliant Copper-Gold Producer: Thor Mining Plc (ASX:THR) - and the current Managing Director, Nicole Galloway Warland was the the Exploration manager. The projects were just being worked on with just potential as the story. I liked the projects then and felt that if worked was done and the results were favourable, any of their projects would be a flagship status. Sure enough, work has been done and it looks like my gut feel was on the money. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Nicole will share about the mass amount of work in 2021. I feel that the maturity of the projects over the 10 months is profound and had shifted my thinking on the direction of the company. I remember Nicole telling me that Ragged Range was going to surprise people and it had definitely surprised me. The potential of the area is really only limited to the funding capacity of the company. The Pilbara is just showing its potential and those working in the region will continue to unearth the hidden metal endowment that lies beneath this craton. AS for the Copper projects in South Australia, I am greatly relieved that the recent results have made great progress. The ISR potential of the Alford projects is going to make Thor Mining stand up and be known. I have always liked the potential and I talked about it in the first Coffee with Samso with Nicole and the previous Chairman, Mick Billing. I believe that the ISR potential should be the company's main focus and the creation of a Green Copper story is achievable. My take on the Green metal story, the Green Mining story is one that can only happy if you have naturally occurring infrastructure. What I mean in term of infrastructure is the Green Power + Green Minable Economical Resource + Governance/Jurisdiction. In my opinion, Thor has these three components available. They just need to make it work. The MolyHil project is the third part of the story (at this stage). The recent discovery of a skarn source for the Tungsten and Molybdenum mineralisation may change the whole economics of the project. This is now partnered with a rising Molybdenum price in 2021. A rise appear to have some holding power is going to make the game biased towards Thor Mining. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:38 Ragged Range 02:54 Prospectivity of the Pilbara Craton. 05:30 The Nickel in Ragged Range 06:54 Copper in South Australia and potential to being a Copper Producer 08:19 ISR Use 08:55 How do you explain the Environmental Issues? 11:19 73m of 1% Cu is a significant number. 12:35 The Copper project in South Australia is heading to Development. 13:28 NO infrastructure will not be an issue. 13:44 Looking very much like a Green Copper Story 15:17 Molyhil Project 17:46 Molybdenum is getting new uses and demand. 18:55 Is Molyhill bigger than first thought? 20:10 The Uranium and Vanadium project. 21:42 How will Thor prioritise the projects? 24:50 What's the News flow? 25:58 How does Thor see Ragged Range ? 27:35 Nicole's words of wisdom? 28:28 How will Thor manage the variety of projects? 29:26 Concluding comments

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Coffee with Samso Episode 124 with James E Marsh, Andromeda Metals Limited (ASX:ADN) In two years, the Andromeda Metals story has taken many turns. Today, there is a lot of misconception, misunderstanding and a lack of understanding of what does the company do. When I first spoke to Andromeda Metals Limited (ASX: ADN) in late 2019, I felt that this was a company with such a simple business - a simple business that was going to make a lot of money. After talking with James Marsh and learning more about the business, I was convinced that this was better than an AUD$0.04 stock. Andromeda Metals did not make me wrong, in fact, the shares went to a high of AUD$0.45 putting their market capitalisation at over AUD$1B. I was an early shareholder and left the register many times before the AUD$1B valuation. I have to admit that the story of the business was changing at a pace that I did not keep pace. This is nothing new in a developing company but talking to associates and existing shareholders, there is a lot of misunderstand. Like our very first conversation way back in 2019 - Coffee with Samso - Ep 27 - The myth and facts about the Halloysite and Kaolinite Industry - ADN - there was the question of what exactly is the company mining? Back then, I was hearing from people that Andromeda was mining Halloysite and not Kaolinite...etc The result after the Coffee with Samso was that there was clarity to the questions. In this episode, James shares with us insights that I feel was good in addressing some of the comments that is in the marketplace. The people I had spoken to, about the ins and outs of Andromeda, was telling me that they don't really know and understand what is happening. Hopefully, in this Coffee With Samso, we have clear some of the uncertain narratives that in the community. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:57 The Minatour -Andromeda Metals Merger. 04:42 What is the Nanotube Business? 08:31 How realistic is this Carbon Capture Idea? 10:47 Is the Carbon Capture a Practical Reality? 12:46 How is the mine going? 17:58 What are the thoughts about a shift in demand of "unknown" metals? 21:56 How we investors see Andromeda now and in future? 25:47 What drives the Concrete business requirement? 26:20 Not all halloysite are the same. 28:59 How does Andromeda be seen as? 31:02 The ISR Story? 34:20 The Potential of being a Copper Producer. 36:25 The up and downs of Andromeda share price. 40:03 James thoughts on Andromeda as an Investment. 41:26 Concluding comments 42:22 James Last Words

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Episode 113 of Coffee with Samso is the first of the Exploration Discovery Series that shares great discovery stories. Samso will use these series to share the thoughts that made the discoveries and the stories that followed. In this first of the series, we have Jon Hronsky, of Western Mining Services telling us about the discovery of the West Musgraves Ni-Cu-PGE district. The West Musgrave Ni-Cu-PGE is more than a discovery as Jon Hronsky puts it, this is a shift in understanding. A paradigm shift in the understanding of mineral exploration. This is a great story of how thinking outside the box brought about a change in looking at discoveries. I loved the idea that it was during this significant time that culminated in a whole new way of looking a finding major deposits. Western Mining was and is still the only company that was a world class explorer who dared to look for the Tier 1 deposits. Funding was not for mining the market but rather for the discoveries that was to be delivered by the geoscientists who were valued and cherished. Another take away from this episode is that release of geophysical data had helped in the discovery. The whole concept of understanding deep seated structures being a source of mineralisation was only possible with the availability of government released datasets. Jon shared a lot of compelling thoughts on the subject and I got a lot more out of this conversation than I had first thought. I have included time stamps for the video below: Chapters: 00:00 Start 01:06 The story begins. 01:23 What the discovery meant for mineral exploration. 02:10 Setting the scene for the story. 03:32 A shift in thinking about Nickel Exploration. 04:19 The start of exploring for a Norilsk type deposit. 05:27 The discovery of Voisey Bay Nickel deposit. 06:00 The birth of the new concept of Exploration Exploration. 08:50 The changing of old to new exploration thinking. 11:21 Why the Musgrave was still available. 13:24 The moment West Musgrave became live. 15:05 Was this a Nickel or an Exploration moment. 16:29 What we know now was not in the old days... 17:27 The emergence of digital geophysical database. 19:30 Missing out on Tropicana. 20:36 Exploration activities at the West Musgraves. 21:54 The Rob Waugh Story. 23:17 West Musgrave discovery was the beginning of more discoveries. 25:03 The reasons why good meticulous mineral exploration is valuable. 26:29 Julimar is a product of this early thinking process. 27:55 Where is the next frontier in Australia? 28:24 The greater McArthur Basin, Northern Territory. 30:11 Discovery is all about applying data knowledge. 31:46 The South Australian potential. 33:09 Potential elephants still available. 33:38 Early work is important but commonly not funded. 33:58 The Encounter Story. 34:43 The long gestation period of exploration. 37:28 Conclusion

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Cooper Metals Limited (ASX: CPM) is an mineral exploration story chasing concepts for Copper and Gold. We speak to Ian Warland, the Managing Director, in Coffee with Samso, Episode 122. Ian is a exploration geologist with more than three decades of experience and he shares with us the concepts of the Cooper Metals story.

Copper is where you see it on the surface - Ian Warland.

When I first looked at Cooper Metals I was surprised at the location of their tenure in Mt. Isa which is right in the heart of the Mt. Isa Inlier story. It is very much like the Miramar Resources story with the Gidji JV in Kalgoorlie. The Mt. Isa East project is literally within stones throw from major deposits. There are deposits with world class numbers that are within the same region. I am not saying that there is a like for like resemblances in the geology but it tells me that the region is a melt of mineralisation. A nearology story that has proven success and the fruits are well endowed. There is no doubt that the company will find smoke in their exploration as they recently announced some great rock chips from existing trenches (Mt Isa East rock chip assays up to 35.3% Cu and 7.96g/t Au). My thoughts are that the Queensland project is the one to watch for now. As Ian mentioned, their next step is to fly a new geophysical survey which will give them more detailed understanding on where the potential mineralisation can be found. The next targets for the company is the Yarmana project and the Gooroo project in Western Australia. These are more early stage projects but their potential is not to be ignored. I like the Yarmana project as there have a tenement that is adjacent to the world class Gruyere Gold mine which is owned by Gold Road Resources Limited (ASX: GOR). The Gooroo project may be my third choice but the recent change in understanding of the greenstone presence within the Gullewa Greenstone belt may be more than interesting. The Project area is located within the Archaean Gullewa Greenstone belt in the Murchison Province of the Archaean Yilgarn Craton. The area is prospective for Archean gold and Volcanic Massive Sulphide deposits. Silver Lakes (ASX: SLR) Deflector Cu-Au deposit is located ~ 26km north of the Gooroo Project. Let's listen to these chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:05 Ian Warland introduces Cooper Metals Limited. 01:58 How did Cooper Metals get the projects? 05:14 How much of a correlation does surface mineralisation have with discovery? 08:00 Why did Cooper get the opportunity of these projects? 10:28 Neighbours in Mt. Isa are finding great results. 11:43 Comments on the recent announcement. 11:59 Copper is where you see in on the surface. 13:41 Was there a model of chasing nearby projects prior to listing on the ASX? 15:59 Geophysics have come a long way. 16:18 Reasons why Geophysics today, can change the prospectivity of a project. 17:21 The other projects. 18:12 The Gooroo Project. 19:45 Chasing concepts is how to find new deposits. 21:04 The Yarmana Project. 21:53 The Endless possibilities of Mineral Exploration. 23:35 Why the discoveries are being made from projects not loved/unloved. 25:20 What is the plan going forward? 27:32 Is there a labour issue for the company? 28:44 How long will this resource boom continue? 31:38 What is Ian's last words to investors? 33:21 The positives of the Cooper Metal story? 34:40 Uranium potential 35:47 Concluding comments from Samso. 36:49 Ian's concluding comments. 37:23 Potential for Copper Metals. 37:59 Conclusions

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Rooster Talk Episode 51 with Brad Underwood, Managing Director of Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL) is all about the discovery of sulphides at the Norseman project. A systematic approach is now testing their palladium prospect in Norseman, Western Australia. Over time I have encouraged investors in the Australian Stock Exchange or ASX Limited (ASX: ASX) who are looking for a company that actually spends the majority of their funds on good exploration, to look at Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL).

The results are consistent with our expectations. We just did not think we were going to hit it with air-core drilling.

Brad Underwood, Chair and Managing Director of Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL), shares with us the technical merits of the sulphides in today's Rooster Talk. The presence of the sulphides is important as this is indicating some for of mineralisation. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 59:01 Brad Updates. 02:10 Was the sulphides a geophysical target?. 03:02 Drilling still happening in same project. 03:17 Timing of results. 03:58 What does these results mean for the company? 05:49 What else is happening for Galileo. 06:54 The exploration ahead in 2022. 07:42 What's the different approach when looking at Norseman. 08:55 What are the historical nickel activities in the Norseman area. 09:48 Last Words from Brad. 10:15 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 121 is with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director of Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS)

The Green metal and No Emission movement has made the plight of the Tin Story important for Investors. Venture Minerals may be an accidental recipient of the Green Metal movement.

The whole Green Tin story with Venture Minerals have been talked about many times. In some respect, it is almost sounding like an out of tuned song. I would not blame readers for taking that view. However, with the price of tin moving even higher since the last time we sang the Green Tin song, I am encouraging readers to take the view that maybe, this could song could be on tune. The flagship project for Venture Minerals has always been about Mount Lindsay and to this day, that is more true than it has ever been over the decades. As the world moves into the next industrial revolution, tin and tungsten may end up be the dominant players in the metal sector. Let's listen to these Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 03:51 What is happening with the Thor Project ? 09:06 This current market is different to the past ups and downs. 12:10 Metals that are not talked about in the past are now in the limelight. 17:56 The difference in physical tin properties. 22:57 Why The Green Tin is a Reality. 25:43 The underground at Mount Lindsay is now positive for the project. 28:18 All factors favour the Green Tin Story. 30:59 What the the numbers and timing for fruiting this Green Tin Story. 33:18 Mining is a long term game. 35:53 Last Words from Andrew. 39:57 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 120 is with Scott Williamson, Managing Director of Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) This episode of Coffee with Samso with Scott Williamson from Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) is all about the meaning of the release of their inaugural Sustainability Report. The Blackstone Story is no stranger to making bold statements but I would say that the biggest of them all is the release of their Sustainability Report. Blackstone is not shy of telling the market that they are going to produce Green Nickel. Blackstone is going to produce nickel products that adhere to world class ESG standards. There is no room for second place with this statement. It is either done with Tier 1 standards, world leading practices and with total transparency. This is the statement from Scott and the team, Scott shares with us his thoughts and passion on making sure that the process of completing the Blackstone business in Vietnam is all about the people and the environment. The business will be complete only if there is participation and rewards from and for all stakeholders in the business model. As you look into the story, the creation of a totally responsible and sustainable business is going to reap rewards beyond your typical mining nickel through to production model. What this means is that this Green nickel story by Blackstone Minerals will be at a level that will have a significant barrier to entry for competitors. The first mover advantage will create a near impossible competitor edge which will be hard to overcome. There is a metal use revolution storm coming and what is felt now is nothing compared to this tsunami just outside the shores of the EV Revolution. Tune in to find out how Blackstone Minerals positions itself in the EV battery market in Vietnam. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 00:59 Scott introduces the Sustainability Report. 02:25 Inspiration for Green Nickel process. 05:26 What was the feedback to understand Green Nickel ? 07:13 How has the transparency of the story helped corporately ? 10:48 Blockchain of Green Nickel Story. 13:21 How will pricing of Green Nickel work ? 14:40 Will mining Green Nickel be cheaper in future ? 16:06 A major problem for No-Emission story. 19:42 Where is the strict No-Emission on the Blackstone Story coming from ? 20:58 Are we over doing all this ESG - No Emission story? 22:41 How fast is the transformation to Electric Mining Fleet ? 24:44 Are the capital still favouring Green? 26:15 What are people saying about this report? 29:24 Scott last words on the Sustainability Report. 30:58 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 117 with Thomas Hanly, Managing Director of Singular Health Group Limited (ASX: SHG) This episode is a story of a vertically integrated medical business called Singular Health Group Limited (ASX: SHG). The future is to have access to affordable Tier 1 medical solution for everyone that needs it, and not just for those who can afford it. Singular Health Group Limited (ASX: SHG) has evolved within its market by realising the need of the market and the requirements of practitioners to create solutions for patients. In our very first Coffee with Samso, 3D Medical Imaging - Taking Health Care to the next Dimension: Singular Health Group Ltd (ASX: SHG), we learnt that the company was bringing 3D imaging to the market, but we learn in this episode that the model has changed. In my opinion, this change is a stroke of genius as it is now a business that allows existing practitioners to create more value for themselves and their patients. Using the Scan To Surgery concept is the way to go as it means all stakeholders within the industry will have value added to their position in the chain. Practitioners will be more efficient, provide better service for their patients. Patients will be able to have more information, have a better understanding and be exposed to more cost-efficient processes. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:15 Introduction 01:04 Thomas updates on Singular Health. 02:32 How has the medical profession been telling your old model? 03:55 The Scan To Surgery journey? 06:34 A Real Case Example 10:51 Clarification of the Scan To Surgery Story 11:58 The way Singular makes money. 12:56 How do you make money? 15:54 Vertical Integration 16:32 Creating a more efficient process. 17:38 Why Singular Health process is better 18:44 Where are the competitors coming from? 23:55 Educating the patients helps them not ask Dr Google. 25:39 Is Singular at commercialisation stage. 27:29 The monetisation process 28:38 What is the market space for the business 31:19 Patient-specific cases are more common now. 33:02 A commercial world and result expectation is high. 34:11 Last Words 36:20 Conclusions

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Coffee With Samso Episode 112 with Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX: BSX) The release of the Sustainability Report by Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) should indicate to investors that the end is near. The company is putting on the table the transparency of their activities and its intend on making this a industry leading business. In today's Coffee with Samso, Anna Cranney, who is the Social Performance Lead for Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX: BSX) returns to give us a insight into what this report is all about. The content of the report may put many to sleep but when you hear the context of the report, as investors, this gives me a great deal of confidence that the company is looking to make a statement.

Blackstone is looking to lead the industry and show through its transparency its intent on creating a ESG relevant, ESG leading business that creates a truly sustainable investment which has a World leading responsible nature for all stakeholders of the business - Samso

Tune in to find out how Anna Cranney and the Blackstone team will deliver the ESG platform form theory to practice. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 02:16 The Sustainability Report 03:32 Is this Report a New Concept? 04:41 Is this report a Standard Operating Procedure document? 09:39 A brief of the content of the report. 14:56 How is Blackstone backing up with their claim to be an ESG champion? 16:11 Was ESG already in the marketplace ? 19:20 Is it hard to get all stakeholders to conform to the Report? 23:20 Balancing the needs of local Vietnamese community against corporate. 26:35 Is the implementation of the report harder in Reality? 29:37 Are we overdoing ESG? 27:14 What is the cost of ESG?. 33:43 What is the perception of the cost of ESG ? 36:10 Sustainable Responsible Investments is ESG 37:49 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk 50 with Brad Underwood, Managing Director of Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL) Galileo Mining is one company that is not shying away from exploration. A systematic approach is now testing their palladium prospect in Norseman, Western Australia. Over the time I have encourage investors in the Australian Stock Exchange or ASX Limited (ASX: ASX) who are looking for a company that actually spends the majority of their funds on good exploration, to look at Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL).

Since the company listed on the ASX, they have undergone 14 drill programs since early 2018.

Brad Underwood, Chair and Managing Director of Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL), shares with us the technical merits of their projects in today's Rooster Talk. In this episode we are talking about the exploration thinking behind the drilling in Norseman where Galileo is seeking a potential Ni-Cu-PGE target. The 10,000m drilling program has started and the targets are looking to be interesting as the geophysical anomalies appear to be guiding towards a possible source. The Jimberlana dyke in Norseman has always been a potential exploration target but has largely being ignored in the company's tenure. Chapters: 00:00 Start 00:20 Introduction 01:08 Brad Updates 01:48 The prospectivity of Norseman. 03:04 The thinking behind the Jimberlana Dyke. 04:54 The significance of geological analogy for current targets in Norseman. 06:48 What does the targets mean? 08:08 Is there a big Halo of mineralisation? 08:38 Can the geophysical target be non mineralisation? 09:53 What will happen going forward? 10:34 Last Words from Brad. 11:22 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 119 with Alex Briggs, CEO of Critical Resources Ltd (ASX: CRR) The value within Critical Resources Limited is the understanding that shareholders need to be exposed to Lithium and Zinc. As our world move toward Zero Emission, the need for taking positions in these metals become essential. In this episode of Coffee with Samso Alex Biggs gives us a rundown on the new Mavis Lake Lithium project and the Halls Peak Base Metal project. When I first looked at this company, I was interested in the Halls Peak project as there is some good indication of zinc mineralisation. I like the fact that there is a lot of good historical indication of a zone of mineralisation. The addition of a high-grade lithium project to the portfolio is a smart move. I hear that there is a surge of lithium plants to a point that there are insufficient resources to build these plants. Engineering firms tell me that it is almost impossible to build at the required speed. If the demand for lithium follows the market narrative, the acquisition of a lithium project in Canada is perfect. Chapters 00:00 Start 00:15 Introduction 00:54 We hear from Alex Biggs. 02:04 What is the story of Mavis Lake? 03:51 Good project. 05:23 How do you evaluate projects? 07:16 What is the thought on the Lithium market? 09:11 Good to have a Chairman that builds a business. 11:07 What is next for the Mavis Lake Project. 13:30 Feedback from the DD about the Lithium project. 15:00 The wonders of Zinc. 17:13 Potential of Halls Peak. 19:44 Discovery will create value for Critical Resources. 21:11 Potential of NSW projects? 22:29 Supply and Demand news for Zinc. 25:23 Why base metals will be the real flavour. 27:50 No Emission is driving the mineral resource market. 30:30 Potential upcoming news. 32:04 Last Words 33:42 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 118 with Allan Kelly, Managing Director of Miramar Resources Ltd (ASX: M2R) In episode 118 with Miramar Resources Limited, you will hear that Allan Kelly has actually made a discovery. This could be a fantastic time to take a position and await more results. Allan Kelly is an exploration geologist that has a proven record of discovering and taking the project to production with Doray Minerals Limited (ASX: DRM). Doray has merged with Silverlake Resources Limited (ASX: SLR) which adds more evidence to the value of Allan's work. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Allan gives us a great conversation on why I believe that Miramar is the most prospective mineral explorer currently on the ASX. In our conversation, I declared that Marylebone is a Discovery.

The results we discussed, in my opinion, leaves no doubt in my mind that Allan has discovered a project which will deliver a potential economic discovery.

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Ed Turner, CEO, Kingwest Resources Limited shares with us the commercialisation of Menzies and raising further capital to consolidate the Sir Laurence Discovery. Kingwest has pulled off a great deal in getting cash flow from their Yandaga asset. The JV announced recently has meant that the company can now look forward to creating future cash flow while they continue to create discoveries. The terms of the JV means that Kingwest does not need to find capital to deal with the mining. To add sweetness to the deal, they are paid a fee of AUD1M for the right to do the work (Mining and Processing JV to see Gold Production Recommence at Menzies). Now that is a good deal. Watch this Rooster Talk with Ed Turner below.

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Coffee With Samso Episode 116 is all about the Gold Porphyry story in Columbia. The Los Cerros Limited (ASX: LCL) story is one that I am pretty sure not many ASX investors would look for in the market. Jason Stirbinskis the Managing Director, shares with us the story and why he is excited about the prospect of finding a TIer-1 gold porphyry deposit in Columbia. In today's Coffee with Samso, we learn about a high-grade gold porphyry that could make Los Cerros a Tier 1 player in the land of giants.

We told the market that we may have a potential core of mineralisation between Miraflores and Tesorito. The geophysics is now backing this theory.

Tune in to find out how Jason Stirbinskis intend to take Los Cerros into the land of giant gold porphyry deposits.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 114 is with Scott Williamson, Managing Director of Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) To complete the Blackstone Special Series of Coffee with Samso, Scott Williamson from Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) share with us the feedback about the recent videos. We discussed how and why the videos interacted with the audience. In this episode, Scott shares with us how the videos have worked for spreading the messaging to potential investors and stakeholders. The Special Series for Blackstone has been a great initiative to showcase all the important parts of the Blackstone Business. The messaging starts with Tessa Kutscher who spearheads the messaging. Tessa shapes the message of the business and this is what the public see and hear, so it is the top of the value chain. As you look into the story, the first part may have been the messaging but that message is nothing without the other parts of the business, the Social and Environmental compliance, the downstream business that delivers the product and finally the upstream source of resources. What this series delivered is that the business is a working A-Team only because of the people and their passion for the business. Tune in to find out how Blackstone Minerals positions itself in the EV battery market in Vietnam Chapters 00:00 Start 00:24 Introduction 00:59 Feedback on the Special Series 02:09 What are investors and the Market saying about the Blackstone Story? 04:46 The strength of Telling the Story. 07:47 What are the markets telling about the confidence of the markets? 11:05 Is Vietnam receptive to the Blackstone Story? 13:28 Hydro-Power in Vietnam 16:50 Electrifying the mining fleet 19:10 Was there any pushback Scott started in Social Media. 24:14 Why is this sector still not hungry in the digital promotions. 26:31 Cost of change, in reality, is not as large as perceived. 28:45 The danger of no sound from electric fleets. 29:24 Electric Mining Fleet has been around for a long time. 29:50 What is the time frame to the end of DFS. 31:18 What happens after the DFS? 32:24 Potential Partners must be doing DD now? 33:59 How bad is the supply issue? 35:28 Reason why I like Blackstone. 36:27 Funding is all about the highest Bidder. 37:32 The market sentiment of Blackstone Minerals Limited. 39:20 Summary

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Coffee with Samso Episode 115 with Jay Upton, Managing Director of Sprintex Limited (ASX: SIX) is all about the EV story that investors have missed and ignored. This episode of Coffee with Samso is all about the real story of No Emission. The investment narrative has focused on the raw materials, but we have been telling readers and viewers of Samso that it is actually about No Emission. We now know Sprintex as a company that designs and manufactures clean air compressors. The strategy as we discussed in the first Coffee with Samso - Green Engineering - Green and Efficient Technology - Sprintex Limited (ASX: SIX) - Episode 92 - is moving towards newer renewable and clean energy technologies for automotive and other industries. This new core business is now a reality.

Sprintex has now secured the first part of the business in the latest announcement of a supply of a minimum of RMB30M (equivalent to AUD6M) over two years. This is a minimum supply and according to Jay Upton, this is likely to be a bigger number.

Chapters 00:00 Introduction 06:16 The Green Engineering Story 07:45 The Sprintex Story 09:14 It is all about Efficiency. 11:06 The ESG Efficiency 13:04 Difference between Electric, Hybrid and Hydrogen Vehicles. 22:27 Sprintex is providing the Solution of Zero Efficiency. 23:46 Floodgate of opportunities for Sprintex. 24:48 Sprintex has arrived. 27:41 Rome was Not Built In One Day. 30:27 Last words from Jay. 31:13 Conclusion

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Rooster Talk 47 with Robert Martin, Executive Chair of Suvo Strategic Minerals Limited (ASX: SUV). Suvo is positioning itself towards being a Tier 1 Industrial minerals Miner. They have the Kaolin part sorted and is now taking the step to mining silica sands. According to Robert Martin, the Executive Chair of Suvo, this is the missing link in the company's strategy. The company have had this asset since their IPO but have not moved on it till now. What I like hearing from Robert is that he wants to build mines. He wants to create a Tier 1 Industrial Minerals Mining machine. From a person who has built a profitable mining services company, his words mean more to me now as I am seeing more of his cards.

The SIlica story is one that will add significant value to the company. We have natural silica flour which adds market value that is unique to the Nova Silica Project.

Robert tells us that they are getting calls daily about what they are doing with this Silica Project.

 As we all know, exploration is a marathon and it is a matter of luck and science. THe Nova Silica project is not like finding gold or nickel or copper. Silica is very much like iron ore, coal, and clay.   Once you have discovered a presence, the likelihood of finding a resource is very high. This is why when you resource Coal, your drill spacing does not need to be close. Some of the spacing can me hundreds of metres apart.   This resource statement that has been released is a stepping stone to a final solution. Keep appraised of what is happening with Suvo and watch this space.  Chapters:  00:00 Intro   00:59 The Nova Silica Project Story   02:52 What does Nova mean for Suvo?   05:20 Why is Nova of interest?   08:02 Does Suvo really have more than the 15% stated?   10:44 Rising Silica Market Demands   12:47 The Importance of Quality of Nova.   13:57 Silica processing is Chemical Free.   15:12 Whats the Newsflow?   16:50 Great stock to DYOR   17:32 Shifting on Metal Demand.   18:41 last Words from Robert   20:12 Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 110 with Robert Mosig, CEO of Caeneus Minerals Limited (ASX: CAD) Caeneus Minerals is a nearology play that seems to be showing some signs that they may be tapping into a known mineralised system. The Pilbara may well be finally giving up its long held secret of unknow sources of gold occurrences. The first goldfields of Western Australia may finally be giving up its secret. I have long said that mineral exploration is where you find the next deposit. I am a big believer that the easiest way to look for a value adding project for shareholders is to find your own. It is well known that a discovery is a combination of science, persistence, excellent management and LUCK. A combination of all of those points is the key to success. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, I speak to Robert Mosig who is the CEO of Caeneus Minerals. Rob is a very experienced geologist who has extensive years of practicing the craft of finding a needle in a haystack. I say this with utmost respect as Robert comes from the brand of diamond exploration geology. Anyone who have had a time in the world of diamond exploration will tell you that looking for an economic source of diamonds is very expensive and extremely hard. The out of the box thinking, the hours of looking at possibilities is very challenging. To add more merits to Robert, he was also the founder of Helix Resources Limited (ASX: HLX) and Platina Resources Limited (ASX: PGM), who after all the years are still on the ASX. Robert chares with us his history and why he feels that there is a great story in Caeneus Minerals' Mallina Basin which is located in the Pilbara Region of Western Australia.

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When companies such as Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) are at this stage of the business, many investors lose patience. What I tell people is that this is the best time to be accumulating stock. You are now at the "Sure Thing" part of the market. People such as Tony Tang are the reasons why investors should see this period of "boredom" as a great time to learn about the business and take positions. There has been a fair level of de-risking taking place and the market has taken a turn for the better. Nickel pricing is buoyant and most importantly, the future looks bright and secure. In this episode, Tony tang, the General Manager of Downstream Project Development, share with us how Blackstone is going about making this business bullet proof. Tony tells us that the chemistry, the cooking process of making nickel products is like the simple art of making coffee. The process from taking growing the beans through to the art of making that brew for you is the same as what is happening in Vietnam. The precision, the masterful cooking process of making sure all the finer elements are measured and calculated to make sure the end product is of the highest quality is second to none. What is also important is to ensure that the team works as one to create an cost efficient and ESG compliant process. What is impressive is that the team members are all singing from the same song sheet and have ESG instilled in their DNA. There is a believe and understanding that this business is one that is made to work for all involved and not for the market. Tune in to find out how Tony Tang and his Blackstone team make the best Coffee in Vietnam and serving it up as a quality brew for the world markets.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 108 with Barry Cahill, Executive Director of Cyprium Metals Limited (ASX:CYM) As the only small cap company on the ASX who is on the verge of becoming copper producer, Cyprium Metals Limited, is making all the right noises. In this episode of Coffee with Samso Barry shares with us what the business is all about. We get a good insight into how the business works and why this is a simple business that will just happen. This is not to say that it is "simple", but it is more to say that Barry Cahill and his team have done this often enough to know what should work, will work and how to fix if it is not working accordingly. Cyprium Metals is the only player in this space. For this reason, I feel that this is a good bet for those interested to have exposure in this space. The unvalued Nanadie Well is one of the upside for the company.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 106 with Ed Turner, CEO of Kingwest Resources Ltd (ASX: KWR) Kingwest has made a gold discovery in a project that has been in plain sight for all to see for decades. The geology may have been there for millions of years, but explorers have gone up and down that area for decades. Mineral exploration is one of those business activities where patience is the biggest asset to have along with an eager investment partner. Over the years, many have coined the phrase, Cash Is King. The mineral exploration industry has lived and died on the fortunes of investors since the first geological expedition set out many moons ago. Lady luck is the next obvious attribute that all explorers require and in the case of Kingwest Resources, it seems that the ducks have all lined up for them. When you look at what I have called the Discovery Line, the fact that all but 2 of the drillholes intercepted mineralisation of some sort is incredible. As an exploration geologist, i will attest that this phenomenon is not common. We see more negative results than positive ones, especially in the beginning of the program.

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Coffee with Samso 101 with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director of Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) Venture Minerals is now a major player in the Tin sector. The Mount Lindsay project now is in the bright lights with the surging Tin price. In addition to that, the nature of the infrastructure is going to make Venture Minerals A Green Tin player by default. The Mount Lindsay project has always been the flagship project for Venture Minerals. The project has been shelved for several years due to a drop in tin and tungsten price. The recent surge in tin price has definitely changed the value of the project. The first drilling activity since 2012 has parked this conversation as the company is now going back to test the Renison Mine Sequence that has been the focus for Venture Minerals. What the drilling has shown is that there is a strong indication of a repetition of the mineralising sequence.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 104 is with Florence Drummond, CEO & Co-Founder of IWIMRA (Indigenous Women in Mining and Resources Australia). ESG are three letters that is taking centre stage in the world of mineral commodities. It is a topic of discussion in every conversation but we ask, where does First Nation members fit in the discussion. In this episode of Coffee With Samso, Florence Drummond and I are discussing where does engagement with the Indigenous sector fit into the whole ESG statement. How do we measure Social Performance without making it about pointing fingers. There are many forms of engagement which are not industry specific. Crossing into other business to encourage participation with the company is a great way of engagement. We discuss several methods and ways to form relationships with companies and indigenous platforms which create mutual benefits. Chapters 00:00 Introduction 01:02 Where Does Indigenous Engagement Fit in ESG? 02:26 How do our sector get into the middle road? 03:43 How is the process of Indigenous people moving into employment? 04:44 How do we measure Social Performance? 06:22 Has the Indigenous sector been active in getting into the Field workplace? 10:07 What has been happening in the IWIMRA area? 11:11 90% of mineral exploration companies do not have a Indigenous policy. 12:32 Has the Indigenous suppliers increased over the time? 14:18 Other ways of engaging with Indigenous people in non-mining business. 15:18 Social engagement can be more about indigenous private business. 17:29 Why are Indigenous business not more 'In Your Face". 18:55 How does IWIMRA get involved in promoting Indigenous business. 20:49 People need to get into the media space to create engagement. 22:36 Sustainable Investments and ESG is here to stay. 23:18 Conclusion

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As Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) moves into the production phase, the implication of good ESG compliance is now of great importance. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, we have Anna Cranney, who is the Social Performance Lead for Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX: BSX) sharing with us how they are managing and preparing to be responsibly complaint with ESG. The importance of ESG in the mineral resource now is now in a state where it is one of the most important criteria from investors and companies. Commodity pricing are now heavily influenced by the need to be compliant with ESG. There are now investment decisions that are solely determined by the state of the ESG component of the product. Blackstone Minerals is tackling the process by installing the passion of ESG into the DNA of the company. Anna Cranney tells us how they are doing this and why this is the core of the Blackstone business. Tune in to find out how Anna Cranney and the Blackstone team continue to have best practice in making sure all aspect of the business is fully complaint with the ESG requirements.

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Rooster Talk Episode 46 is with Jay Upton, Managing Director of Sprintex Limited (ASX: SIX) on the partnership that will bring the company into the EV space.

This episode of Rooster Talk is one that is all about the relationship with a new partner to bring the company into the green, no emission space. The announcement to work with Aeristech Limited to supply the Sprintex products into hydrogen energy and clean air markets, including hydrogen fuel cell, industrial turbo blowers and compressor sets.

This agreement to supply Hydrogen Fuel Cell Compressors will allow Sprintex to be seen as a Green Engineering company who designs and manufactures clean air compressors. This will do doubt put the company on a path to help participate in the renewable and clean energy technologies for automotive and other industries.

As the world economy is moving into the new "Green" industry, Sprintex is doing all the steps to ensure it is in amongst the players in this growing sector.

Jay Upton, the Managing Director of Sprintex Limited (ASX: SIX) reminds us that the company is in production and is already supplying the market. The opening of the China factory will open another part of the business that will create revenue stream that is just at its infancy.

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Suvo is on of only three players in the Kaolin sector and they are also the only one with a processing plant. Recently listed on the ASX in 2020, the Kalin and Silica small cap resource company is now a producer. This sector is really about the simple business of mining and exporting high grade quality clay. According to Robert Martin, the Executive Chair of Suvo, the value adding is just starting. In December 2020, they added the Imery processing plant, the Pittong project in Victoria which effectively moved the company into the producer stage. However, what the company has which has not been valued is their Silica project in WA. The Nova silica sand project located in the Gingin region of Western Australia could create value that the market have missed.

There are Four Revenue Streams from the Silica project.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 104 with Tessa Kutscher, Corporate Affairs Advisor of Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) I have noticed that Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) is one of the most visible company on social media platforms. I can tell that this is a well organised strategy which is working very well. Blackstone Minerals have been a strong supporter of the Samso products since we stared and for this reason, I have been very keen to speak to Tessa Kutscher for a while now. She has been missing dates due to her heavy schedule but I have managed to corner her for this episode of Coffee with Samso. In this episode we talk about how the mineral resource sector has a belief that there is no need to brand. A mysterious thought as every sector in the commercial world strive on branding and keeping the interaction with consumers. We discuss on the changing market space and the use of different social media platform used.

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Rooster Talk Episode 45 is with Thomas Line, Chief Executive Officer of Taruga Minerals Limited (ASX:TAR) Taruga Minerals is looking for a potential Giant Copper deposit at the Wyacca Project. Thomas Line gives us a great discussion on what the latest announcement means for the company and why the results to date give him the confidence to find a giant motherlode. In this episode, Thomas give us a detailed explanation of the VTEM figures and what they mean and how they are helping to model the on going exploration strategy. More importantly, he tells us what they mean and the importance of a systematic process of understanding and executing a good exploration plan. This is a great discussion of geology and how someone like Thomas thinks when he is interpreting the direction of the copper mineralisation at the project scale. Thomas shares with us the following aspects of the company: 1. Why Wyacca? 2. How to understand VTEM? 3. What the current results mean at Wyacca? 4. Using Plate Modelling to differentiate non copper bearing sulphides. 5. What are the news flow for Taruga?

Wyacca has a potential to be a major copper discovery. Historical High Grade Copper mining at up to 40% Cu.

Chapters: 00:00 Introduction 01:08 How are the recent results help your thinking at Wyacca? 05:29 All about Powder Hill 09:16 Coincidence of VTEM and Drilling - Is this a practical rule? 14:37 Exploration strategy to differentiate non copper bearing sulphides. 15:50 How the different VTEM timing mean for Taruga? 20:45 The reason why Taruga is a copper mineralising Tindelpina shale unit. 21:36 The plans for Taruga in the next 12 months. 23:13 Conclusions

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Coffee with Samso Episode100 with Mark Strizek, Executive Director of Tietto Minerals Limited (ASX: TIE) Tietto Minerals has one of the easiest gold mining story that I have come across. It may be in Côte d’Ivoire, West Africa but the Abujar Gold Project is a simple as it gets for me. Mark Strizek tells us about how the founder of Tietto, Caigen Wang went about finding and now developing the Abuja Gold Project. One of Mark's stories was that Caigen saw the amount of people working in the mine and immediately realise that this is a mine waiting to be developed. As we celebrated the 100th episode of Coffee with Samso, Mark shared with us the Tietto story and why we both believe that it is simply A Simple Gold Mining Story. Cote D'Ivoire is a place that is rich in minerals and is blessed with greenstones (See Figure below under About Abujar Project) not much different to those we see in the Kalgoorlie Goldfields. There are numerous multi million ounces of gold discovered in the country and the pro-economic government is a bonus. ESG is something that is in the forefront of Tietto's hurdles to make the mine a reality and Mark share with us the challenges and who they are making this a no-event. There appears to be no deal breaking events in front of the company as they progress aggressively to get the first gold bar poured for shareholders.

Drilling is important. If you do not drill you cannot grow.

This is a Simple Story.

Tietto saved over USD60M by having their own drill rigs. This is money Tietto shareholders have saved since 2018.

-Mark Strizek August 2021

I have been wanting to chase this story since 2018. The first time I met with Mark and Caigen and heard the story, I was sold on its journey and in 2021, it si great to see the fruits nearly coming out for the shareholders. I am gad to have the inaugural guest of Coffee with Samso back telling this story in Episode 100.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 99 with Thomas Line, Chief Executive Officer of Taruga Minerals Limited (ASX: TAR) Taruga Minerals have one of the most fascinating projects that I have come across for a while. It is an IOCG project that seems to be fit for a small mineral explorer. Whenever I see a company that talks about IOCG, I normally take a backward step as in most cases, small mineral explorers just do not have the funding capacity. However, after talking to Taruga Minerals on the latest Coffee with Samso, I have seen something different. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Thomas Line, the CEO of Taruga Minerals Limited (ASX: TAR) talks to us about his projects which are showing a lot of smoke that is normally reserved for bigger companies. Thomas shares with us on the following aspects of the company. 1. The passion and the reason why Thomas Line is doing this? 2. Why South Australia and Why these projects? 3. The potential that the geology of the Gawler Craton has secrets that have not been found because it is greatly misunderstood. 4. What are the components of the projects that Investors should take note?

One of the most promising aspect of Thomas is his understanding of ESG. Not only is Thomas realising that ESG is important, he is also a practitioner of his words. The quote below by Thomas exemplifies his actions.

Native Title is a boundary that was put in place. It was not a boundary pre-colonisation. Native Title land is not the only land that is important to the Aboriginal people. All land is important to the Aboriginal people.

Aboriginal people need to be engage to talk about Non-Native Title land as well as Native Title land.

I will say that I am again delighted to learn something from Coffee with Samso. Many people do not realise that there are many things that a good discussion can bring out. Investors should learn to understand as much as possible from the company. Investors should also realise that they don't know everything and by listening, they will learn even more. Chapters: 0:00 Introduction 00:52 Thomas Line introduces himself and Taruga Minerals Limited. 02:32 Why choose South Australia and the Projects in Taruga. 08:58 Is the perception that Gawler Craton ss misunderstood and underexpl0ored valid? 11:07 What does the recent results in Mt Craig mean? 16:47 How does Taruga focus on all the Prospects? 20:41 Are your projects easy to access? 22:26 Why are your IOCG projects different? 24:20 What issues do you have in your projects? 27:15 ESG has been part of the equation - Is it true? 30:45 What is the business of Taruga Minerals ? 35:06 Conclusion

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Galileo Mining is one company that is not shying away from finding Nickel Sulphides. The recent drilling results is more evidence on a potential new source of nickel sulphides? Investors in the Australian Stock Exchange or ASX Limited (ASX: ASX) that are looking for a company that actually spend the majority of their funds on good exploration should look at Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL). Since the company has listed on the ASX, they have undergone 13 drill programs since early 2018. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Brad Underwood, the Chair and Managing Director of the company share with us the technical merits of their projects. Brad highlight that there is a potential of a different source of nickel sulphides in the Albany - Fraser Range.. Here are some topics that Brad shared with us: 1. What the recent results mean in realising a potential new source for the nickel sulphides. 2. The need to understand the "Black Art" of geophysics 3. What the Ni-Cu-PGE story? 4. The reasons why the Galileo story is robust and is worthy of an Investment for ASX investors.

Chapters: 00:00 Introduction 01:39 Recent Drilling Results - What does it Mean? 04:04 Does the current findings give you new ides? 05:56 The significance of the S2 trend. 07:38 What is the controlling the mineralisation? 08:14 What are the EM numbers mean? 10:59 What is happening with the other projects? 12:00 What is all about the Ni - Cu - PGE story? 13:55 How do you find palladium? 15:15 What is happening going forward? 17:40 Conclusion

Exploration is about doing the work and this includes the Black Art of Geophysics.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 97 with Bronwyn Barnes, Executive Chair of Indiana Resources Limited (ASX: IDA), is all about the Gawler Craton. Bronwyn is back sharing with us what is happening with the Gawler Craton and the Tanzanian litigation. The Indiana story is intriguing for me as this is one of several companies in the area that is exploring a severely under-explored region of Australia. The Gawler Craton is no stranger to producing giant deposits. In fact, it is the host to the biggest uranium come copper mine. The Olympic Dam story is well talked about however, no matter how significant the discovery of the Challenger Gold mine is to the mature mineral exploration punters, it is a total non event for current investors in the sector. Mineral exploration in the "Shear-hosted" world of the Gawler Craton is relatively unknown to the general public. I have done two Samso insights on this topic to highlight why investors should look at this area of Australia, as the next Commodity rush. You can see the two insights by clicking the links below: Challenger Gold Mine - Calcrete Anomaly Exploration Success The Gawler Craton - The Next Commodity Rush ... Again. Bronwyn share with us on the following, 1. What has happened since the first Coffee with Samso in May 2001- (Indiana Resources Limited (ASX:IDA) is all about the Gawler Craton. 2. The results of the latest exploration drilling at Minos and why this is slowly showing the start of an exciting region for discovery. 3. How the Tanzanian litigation if progressing 4. Why Bronwyn feels that the Gawler project is the focus for the company. 5. The upcoming resource statement from further drilling.

Indiana Resources is one of the fortunate companies that has a great project and is literally filling in their own blank canvas.

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Coffee with Samso 96 with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director of Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) Venture Minerals is suffering from too much value in its portfolio. What was a defensive strategy to gather as many projects as possible to find a jewel has turned out to be a chest full of jewels. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Andrew Radonjic help us understand the significance of Kulin and why this is not just another greenfield project. This is not a nearology play nor is it a project using namesakes to attract attention. Andrew share with us the sound exploration deduction to create a project that will add significant value to shareholders. Kulin is a Ni-Cu-PGE target in its own right. Andrew tells us that the geology is consistent with current thinking on this style of deposits. Furthermore, a big major has taken a large tenement package adjacent to the current Venture ground. What further belief would you need on the prospectivity of this area if a major mineral company is taking big chunks of land as well. The other great story in this Coffee with Samso is the story of the surging Tin price. The Mount Lindsay project is set up to take advantage of the current pricing. The bigger story is that the Mount Lindsay project is naturally Green in the sense of making this a totally ESG compliant project. Do not miss out on this story. Download latest ASX announcement Today, Andrew Radonjic shares with us: 1. Update on the Kulin Project 2. Why Kulin could be a Ni-Cu-PGE project in its own right. 3. What is Ni-Cu-PGE all about. 4. The surging Tin price making Mount Lindsay a big bear to watch. 5. The Green Story for Mount Lindsay 6. Mining Mount Lindsay may be Green due to economics and not a ESG requirement.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 94 with Scott Williamson, Managing Director of Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) is is a business that sounds highly complicated but it is actually very simple. Its like selling hamburgers. Scott Williamson, the Managing Director of Blackstone Minerals Limited, has been on Coffee with Samso since July 2019. Scott has shared this journey with Samso from the beginning of the acquisition and they are now on the verge of watching the fruits grow and being prepared to be harvested.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 93 is with David Frances, Managing Director of Province Resources Limited (ASX: PRL). Have you come across a project that is totally de - risked ? This episode of Coffee with Samso is about two things, Green Hydrogen and a De-risked ESG Business. I think this is one of the most Compelling ASX Stories that has graced Coffee With Samso. If there was a second chance to ride an energy wave, Province Resources Limited (ASX: PRL) gives me the fuzzy feeling that this could be the horse to ride. If you look at the chart, you do get the feeling that the horses have bolted. In these situations, I like to think of what it was like to buy into Woolworths when it listed. I remember that I subscribed to the IPO and was calling the broker like every week asking what it was doing. The company share rice started the IPO around the $2.50 mark and it is now at $40 per share, with a market capitalisation of AUD50B. Woodside is now worth AUD21.23B and they are in a sunset industry and I still remember them in the 1990s, the new emerging energy company. The business of Green Hydrogen has just started and a company like Province Resources with a market capitalisation of approximately AUD150M is cheap considering that the likes of Woodside are worth billions. David Frances shares with us on this Coffee With Samso the unique entity that is taking on the Green Hydrogen story. We learn that there are a myriad of Hydrogen.

Hydrogen is Not Hydrogen. The only thing that will kill this industry will be Government. ESG is here to stay. - David Frances

I have to say that this is one of the most compelling ASX story I have come across. The research that I looked at prior to my first meeting with David was nothing compared to understanding the whole story. Province Resources Limited is about a totally re-risked business which is just waiting for the government for some direction. Chapters: 00:00 - Introduction 54:20 - Who Is David Frances 01:28 - Why have we not heard of the Hydrogen business ? 02:17 - Hydrogen 101 03:59 - Is Hydrogen Hydrogen? 05:59 - How is the journey for the Efficiency of Hydrogen? 07:56 - What will Province produce? 08:49 - Are you specific to a type of Hydrogen? 10:13 - What is the business for Province and how does it work? 11:43 - The Hydrogen Royalty debate? 13:23 - Green Tariff will drive the Green Hydrogen business 14:54 - The ESG pushing this sector. 15:28 - What is the money people saying about this Green Hydrogen business. 17:17 - The Importance of ESG parameters. 18:21 - The business plan for Province Resources Limited. 19:38 - Why Carnarvon? 20:55 The Total Eren Factor 22:21 Total De-risking 23:59 - Be careful of the use of the word Hydrogen.... 24:36 - How Green Hydrogen fair with Cost vs. Scale of business. 26:18 - Making the entire supply chain to be Green. 27:56 - The path that needs to be taken. 28:24 - Has the value of the shares over? 28:54 - The reasons why investing in Province is still in the early stage. 29:35 - When should investors come in? More reasons for investing in Province. 30:15 - What can break this business? 31:07 - Conclusion

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Coffee with Samso Episode 91 is with Kado Muir, Ngalia Cultural leader and Chairman of the National Native Title Council. In the space of mining, there is now a permanent requirement of being responsible in actions. Responsible not only to environment but also socially. Historically, mining projects has always been working hand in hand with the needs to environmentally friendly or at least be minimising the impact on the ground, water and air. Now, the movement is to incorporate the Social and the Governance. Governance has always been left in the background and many projects have played the blind eye to governance issues in the name of business. Now with the emergence of ESG, all these issues are now required to be addresses. I am keen to speak to Kado to get his perspective on current issues such as Juukan. I wanted to understand the significance and how Standard Operating Procedures can get it so wrong in a system so robust as Rio Tinto's strict rules. I identify Kado as the new generation of elders in the Australian First Nation community to carry on the tradition of the people. When I speak to Kado, I feel that he is trying to bridge the gap of divide that has been lingering for decades. The establishment of Mabo was a step forward and I feel that it is only one step of many that is required. This is the second time Kado and I have had a Coffee With Samso. The first was - Sustainable Harvesting of Sandalwood Trees: Marnta Sandalwood - but I think we never did real justice in terms of engaging more about the main issues. What we did was to bring out the history and passion of Kado's thoughts and aspiration. The development of the Sandalwood business with the thought of making it sustainable to social and environment compliments this current episode.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 92 with Jay Upton, Managing Director of Sprintex Limited (ASX: SIX) This episode of Coffee with Samso is one that I will say comes from a very different angle. The business is associated with the most energy consuming and one of the least carbon saving industry. Motor racing and the need to create speed in vehicles is one that most readers would agree. This is what makes this story so fascinating as the engineering is very green. The application can be easily pivoted into the green space. Hydrogen vehicles, which I am very interested to learn more, is the space that will benefit substantially as the Sprintex product will give it the added boost in power without creating more carbon. Jay Upton, the Manging Director of Sprintex Limited (ASX: SIX) shares with us the company's history and the unique position in the EV Revolution that awaits investors of the company. Jay shares with us the other industries that will take advantage of the technology and the size of markets that awaits them as the world moves towards low carbon emitting businesses.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 90 with Keith Coughlan, Executive Chairman of European Metals Holdings Limited (ASX:EMH) European Metals Holdings Limited (ASX & AIM: EMH, NASDAQ: ERPNF) is positioning itself as the next lithium miner in Europe. Perfectly placed within a series of major cathode, battery and automotive manufacturers. I have been looking forward to getting EMH onto Coffee With Samso as it is in a lithium space that is not common to investors. European Metals is mining Zinnwaldite which is a micaceous mineral. A highly complicated mineral chemistry, KLiFeAl(AlSi3)O10(OH,F)2, it is from the least known lithium mineral to the average investors. The other micaceous lithium mineral is lepidolite. When I first looked at EMH in 2018, the company shares was sub AUD$0.30 which is far from the AUD$1.55 range now valuing the company around the AUD271M. For a company that is not far from production the valuation seem reasonable. In this episode, Keith Coughlan share with us why this project could be a giant killer in the lithium space in a couple of years. The project is strategically placed in Europe and will be the source for all things related to the EV Revolution to European manufacturers.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 88 with Barry Cahill, Executive Director of Cyprium Metals Limited (ASX:CYM) Cyprium Metals Limited is now a step closer to creating a product that will ride on the EV Revolution that is on a rising tide. It has been about three months since our first Coffee with Samso : A New Copper Producer - An Overnight Success, with Barry Cahill where he announced the acquisition of the Nifty Copper Project. The process was always going to be long and boring as the company gears up on the mining perspective. The ramp up to mining for a project like this is not simple and refurbishing a mining project is that much more complicated. In this episode, I was interested to know what is happening at the mine site and the regional exploration activities. We know that the planning and ramping up is a matter of procedure and administration. There is no doubt on the business. The resource and the technology is not questioned. True and Tested technology. Hence, the excitement was developing and refining a robust mining plan and this is most evident in the discovery of more metal in gaps that was left untouched by the previous operator. Barry share with us the recent drilling results which appears to have added more metal content to his spreadsheet. As he say, what appeared to be waste is not payable dirt. Exploration has started in the IGO JV and that will just take its course as activities on the ground gain momentum. Barry share d his thoughts on the recent announcement on the drilling results from Nanadie Well and we discussed the increased prospectivity of the project.

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Rooster Talk Episode 43 with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director of Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) The search for a Julimar style deposit at the Thor project moves to the drilling stage. In this chapter of Rooster Talk, we speak to Andrew Radonjic about the updates to the last Coffee with Samso - Julimar's Twin Brother - The Thor Project in April 2021. As we had discussed in the Coffee with Samso, the discovery of drill targets was always going to happen. The unique nature of drill and geophysical results that was generated by Venture Minerals are strong evidence that fit the Julimar style mineralisation. The next stage of the project will be to set the drill rigs onto the project to see some rocks. We also discussed that the project sits in new frontier that is ripe for new discoveries which has been neglected by exploration due to commodity pricing, funding and market appreciation of these areas. Today, Andrew Radonjic shares with us: 1. Update on the Thor project 2. What does the Em anomalies mean in terms of the prospectivity of the project. 3. Why Kulin fits in well with the Thor project 4. Thor is not a nearology play but is made of real exploration results.

Chapters:

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Rooster Talk 42 with Michael Bohm, Executive Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) is sharing with us about the prospectivity of the Kingman Gold project.. The company has just raised AUD1.8M and is aiming to step up the drilling within the Tintic prospect. The aim is to put some more colour onto the previous drilling program. As successful as it was to the market, Riedel Resources is aiming to better understand what degree of mineralisation exist and how it relates to the geophysical evidence. Michael Bohm is sharing with us what the company is currently thinking about all the drilling results and piecing together the next phase of drilling that will create more clarity onto a evolving mineralised system.

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Rooster Talk Episode 40 with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS) Tin price has been settling in the USD31,000/T mark for a few weeks and optimism are rising for the coming of this commodity.. Ever since I started covering Venture Minerals and publishing the very first Coffee with Samso - A Targeted Diversified Mineral Explorer - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) in October 2020, I have been a strong advocate of the quality of their projects. As they have slowly over that time been de-risking each project, the dark horse has always been the flagship Mount Lindsay Tin-Tungsten project in Tasmania, Australia. The company has spent up to AUD35 in the project and has seen good and tough times. The last few years have been frustrating as commodity pricing have been threatening to break out but with no cigars. However, the recent movement in pricing has not brought upon a sharp rise in Tin price. This rise has come back with friends in the form of ESG (Environmental, Social and Governance and the EV revolution. Today, Andrew Radonjic shares with us: 1. The rising tin price 2. The dwindling supply -demand equation. 3. Mount Lindsay Tin-Tungsten project 4. Tin and what makes a tin project works

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Coffee with Samso Episode 86 with Matt Boyes, CEO of TNT Mines Limited (ASX: TIN) is all about what a mineral explorer adds value for shareholders. TNT Mines Limited (ASX; TIN) is drilling and looking at increasing the value of an old historical gold mine. The last time the mine was operated was in the 1990s so with the rising gold price and sentiment, this would make an interesting project. The company has been very active putting money into the ground and it is interesting to watch the slow value adding process. As we all know, exploration is a marathon and this is something investors need to understand. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Matt Boyes tells us frankly about the ins and outs of mineral exploration. The company has drilled up to 11,000m at the Eureka project so this will make some interesting resource in the near future.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 87 with Brad Underwood, Managing Director of Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL)

The search for Nickel Sulphides is one of the most challenging for geoscientist in the mineral exploration industry. For this reason, investors, in general find it hard to comprehend what is required to make a discovery. Many investors in the Australian Stock Exchange or ASX Limited (ASX: ASX) feel that Galileo Mining Limited (ASX: GAL) is making "slow progress" as they have not made a discovery. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Brad Underwood, the Chairman and the Managing Director, share with us the methodical manner in which they are going about the business of locating the holy grail or a Nickel Sulphide ore body. Brad outlines how the company is doing things in a step-by-step way to vector their drilling on the best case target. This is one of most comprehensive episode on understanding the process of nickel exploration. Here are some topics that brad shared with us, 1. How does magnetic surveys work and the information it gives explorers. 2. The use of gravity and electromagnetic surveys. 3. The science behind all these geophysical surveys.

In the episode, Brad also shares with us the thinking and the science behind the new Palladium target in Norseman.

The historical data in Norseman has shown that a potential are of PGE mineralisation exist in the current project.

The share price of the company has taken a rough ride but looking at the eagerness to punt prior to drilling programs tells me that there are a lot of believers. Galileo has quality management and that is always going to be useful in good or bad times.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 85 with Paul Wittwer, Exploration Manager of Southern Gold Limited (ASX: SAU) is all about Epithermal Gold Deposits and chasing high-grade gold in South Korea.

When I think about Southern Gold Limited (ASX: SAU) with its Korean strategy, it reminds me of the same story as Gold Road Resources Limited (ASX: GOR). Gold Road picked up the Yamana Greenstone Belt, a suite of rocks believed to be in the wrong geochronological sequence for gold mineralization. However, after systematic exploration, millions of ounces of gold have been discovered.

Southern Gold Limited is the only player in South Korea. The last major explorer in the country was Ivanhoe Mines Limited, a Canadian listed company that was very active almost 20 years ago.

In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Paul Witter shares with us his thoughts on geology, exploration, and the prospects of their Korean projects. Many investors find it hard to understand the principal concept of a mineral exploration company, in which that geology is very important in the story.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 84 with Bronwyn Barnes, Executive Chairman of Indiana Resources Limited (ASX: IDA), is all about searching for Lasseter's Reef in the Gawler Craton. What attracted me to Indiana Resources was the projects it had in the Gawler Craton. In the mid to late 1990s. the Gawler Craton was the place to be for mineral explorers. Discoveries such as Prominent Hill was discovered in 2001 and this brought upon attention that drove many companies to seek further discoveries. Discoveries started to appear but as the reality set in, investors came to understand the remoteness and the lack of infrastructure was not aligned to market volatility. Interest in this region faded away and funding was not easy to source to support any concepts. This lead to the unloving of the Gawler Craton story.

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Rooster Talk Episode 40 is with Nicole Galloway Warland, Managing Director - Thor Mining Plc (ASX: THR) Nicole Galloway Warland has been appointed as the new Managing Director of Thor Mining PLC. This appointment is in tune with the renewed market sentiment for the company. Since our first encounter with Thor Mining, I have been very keen to follow the progress of their projects. Of particular interest to me is their Copper ISR project as well as their gold, uranium and tungsten stories. There is plenty to learn but my main interest lies in the Copper ISR project in South Australia. Nicole shares with us what is happening in terms of making this project. I feel that if the ISR process is deemed feasible, THR will suddenly become a copper producer without the onerous task of raising significant funds to make this happen.

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Rooster Talk Episode 39 is with Allan Ritchie, Chief Executive Officer - Adavale Resources Limited (ASX: ADD) The Truth Machine is one month away. In this episode of Rooster Talk, Allan Ritchie reiterates the commitment by management to ensure a methodical approach to exploration in Tanzania. The drilling program is still on scheduled to start in June. The unique aspect of management in Adavale Resources is that they are being paid in shares. I like this as it aligns everyone with the shareholders. The ongoing field exploration in Tanzania has highlighted some interesting results within the target areas. The continuing geophysical interpretation is preparing the company for fifteen targets that will be of interest, when drilling commence.

We will deliver drilling in June and imminent results will give shareholders some joy for their patience.

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Rooster Talk Episode 38 with Scott Williamson, Managing Director of Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) is busy drilling the nickel project away while creating a downstream strategy which will add significant shareholder value. Scott gives us an update on the drilling that is happening in Ta Khao and how the downstream business is progressing. In the early days, the story was focused on whether they would be able to come up with good drilling results which was to be followed by the probability of "resources". The next step would be the obligation to show the competency of the existing plant.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 82 with Paul Lock, Executive Chairman and Managing Director of Pan Asia Metals Limited (ASX: PAM) is all about taking advantage of a low cost structure to create a bankable lithium mining and processing project in Thailand. When I first looked at Pan Asia Metals, I thought this was going to be another company with a great tungsten and lithium project. The lithium was lepidolite so that cannot be that good. After talking to Paul Lock however, my views have changed and the company's strategy seems robust.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 83 with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX:VMS)

The Thor Project Joint Venture that Venture Minerals have with Chalice Gold Mines Limited (ASX: CHN) is getting its first slice of action.

Over the last nine months, we have done several Coffee with Samso and Rooster Talk with Venture and it has always been a great delight to discuss with Andrew Radonjic about what is happening with the company.

As I have mentioned many times, the projects that the company has in its portfolio are all highly prospective. You can see my comments in the very first Coffee with Samso - A Targeted Diversified Mineral Explorer - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS).

In this episode, Andrew shares with us the history of the project and the journey before the joint venture with Chalice. We discuss about the merits of the work already completed and what could be the thinking behind Chalice in signing up for this JV.

The fact that there has been good exploration results within the area of interest makes this a project that has a great deal of success. Andrew talks about why this is a different mineral exploration project with what he has learned from Thor and what Julimar is unravelling with continuous work since its discovery in march 2020.

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Rooster Talk 35 with Michael Bohm, Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) is all about extending the potential of their exploration reach. The current announcement that was released on the 19th April 2021, is a clear sign that the mineralisation in the Kingman project is not localised. As the company described, this is showing that the 1.8km anomaly exist and exciting times are to come. When Michael Bohm, Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) approached me to make the first Coffee with Samso, I was very impressed with what I saw from their previous exploration. With the current exploration results, I am convinced that with careful management of exploration funds, the is a mineralising system here to be discovered. Since the previous chat with Michael Bohm on Kingman and New World Resources Limited (ASX: NWC) about the Antler Project, I am now fairly bullish on this region. Both projects have great results and the polymetallic nature is encouraging. In this Rooster Talk with Michael Bohm, the Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) talks to us about the recent drilling results from the Kingman Project.

Michael shares with us that this is a mineralising environment with historical results and adjacent projects that have been mine historically.

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Rooster Talk Episode 36 with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) Good signs that Venture Minerals is ticking boxes to create some shareholder value. Venture Minerals is one of my favourite story since Coffee with Samso - A Targeted Diversified Mineral Explorer - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) was published on 26th October 2020. The multi facet projects was the main attraction. I will admit that the Riley's hematite project in Tasmania was never on my radar screen. How wrong I have been as the iron ore price is at an all time high and in my opinion, the economic fundamentals of this sector is looking good for the coming years. There are news that there will be a pull back next year, but I am sticking my neck out here in saying that I cant see that happening. The world economy has had a twelve month hibernation and as we are coming out of this Pandemic, I see economic growth moving rather well. Today, Andrew Radonjic shares with us: 1. The latest update on Riley 2. Sustained Iron ore Price 3. When is the first shipment? 4. What revenue from the mining operation will mean for Venture Minerals

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Coffee with Samso Episode 81 with David Pillinger, Managing Director of VCEX is all creating an efficient marketplace for the whole Equity Capital sector. A couple of weeks ago, David Pillinger contacted me to talk about this "interesting platform" that is is marketing. In our discussions that followed that first contact, I have learnt that this is indeed an interesting platform. VCEX or Venture Capital Exchange is a simplistic platform that uses technology to make transactions and compliance simpler and cheaper. In the world of Venture Capital or Start-ups, the one thing that does not happen frequently is transaction of shares which also means the laborious compliance maintenance is not required. Unfortunately, the cost of compliance, today, is pretty much standard. When you look at VCEX, the main use of VCEX is that it will reduce all the compliance costs while being totally compliant with the requirements of ASIC (Australian Securities & Investments Commission).

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Coffee with Samso Episode 80 with Michael Bohm, Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) is all about de-risking a high-grade copper mining project. The Kingman project is another one of those that have good historical activities that makes me wonder why this is still not being explored. When Michael Bohm approached me to make this Coffee with Samso, I was very impressed with what I saw from their previous exploration. As followers of Samso would know, we have had an Arizona story in New World Resources Limited (ASX: NWC) with the Antler Project, and that was a good story about high grade mineralisation. This story appears to have a similar path and it looks like it has some hallmarks of a potential VMS region/province. It is making its introduction as a high-grade gold and silver project but as the conversation progresses, there seems to be some evidence of a potential VMS system. Don't get me wrong - I am a strong proponent of the system whatever it is as long as it produces, so whether it is a VMS or not is really not all that relevant. In Coffee with Samso Episode 80, we talk to Michael Bohm, the Chairman of Riedel Resources Limited (ASX:RIE) about their Kingman Project. One of the most important part of my investment thinking is the technical merits and the management of a project. In this case, I have known Mike since 1993 and I have known him as one who is in the quality status. Hence, when I see a project that looks good and is associated with quality management, I am immediately interested. Over the years, I have learned that these two parameters of good technical and management points are the most important aspects of any investment idea. Michael shares with us how their projects were acquired and why they came to the conclusion to go ahead with the project.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 79 with Mike Haynes, Managing Director, and CEO of New World Resources Limited (ASX:NWC)

New World Resources Limited (ASX:NWC) is all about de-risking a high-grade copper mining project.

The Antler project is a VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfide) that explains the nature of the deposit. What I like about VMS is that it is normally high-grade, occurs in clusters, has a longer LOM (Life of Mine) and the funding required is what a small-cap company can handle.

Coffee with Samso Episode 79 has Mike Haynes, the Managing Director and CEO of New World Resources Limited (ASX:NWC) talking about the Antler Project. Mike has been working in the US since 2005 and you can tell that he has a great understanding of how the business works in that part of the world.

Over the years, I have been exposed to a few US projects and I have been very impressed with the technical merits. In nearly all cases, the potential to develop has been good. The issue at that time was the availability of capital.

The tenure of these projects has been something I found significantly different to what is present here in Australian projects or in most other places. I think in project development, this can make a lot of difference to the ultimate success of a project.

Not often do you find an intercept of 23m of ore with a grade of 6.7% Cu equivalent. It is just as rare to find that left in the ground for you to find.

Mike Haynes shares with us the story of how Antler was acquired and how this will add significant value to the company. The high-grade nature of the project will shield the project from future price volatility. These are all the facets of what I like about this project.

The fact is that ongoing drilling is finding better grades and bigger intersections as they go deeper. Hence, the path forward for the Antler project is all about a de-risking process towards mining.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 78 with Ed Mead, Technical Director of White Cliff Minerals Limited (ASX:WCN)

Investing in what you understand

The junior explorers are feeling a bit lukewarm at the moment but don't let that fool you. As I have mentioned in most of the Coffee with Samso in the last 12 months, I have said that for many decades, the enthusiasm is unseen so tread the market with caution.

Corporate finance associates in the mining sector are telling me that business is hectic and they are sup-busy. Transactions are happening and they had only a one-week break when the gold price turned. Now, they are back in business.

As Rick Rule, in Coffee With Samso Episode 70, points out that most astute investors are saying they are smart but rather they have seen a lot. They will tell you that quality and a complete understanding of the business are critical. I am in this camp and this "lull" in the market can be seen as profit-taking or the market finding equilibrium.

Whatever the reason for the pullback, my "two cents worth" is that the next six months will be turbulent but if you have a two to three year view, you will be happy. Most importantly, one has to understand the business of your investment.

Check out Commodities and Equities: Advice from Rick Rule (27:28 Investing in What You Understand - Understand Real Value)

White Cliff Minerals Limited (ASX:WCN) is now positioning to explore in New Zealand.

White Cliff Minerals announcing the acquisition of the New Zealand projects is an interesting strategy. We all know that the world is now looking at the bright lights at the end of the tunnel. Investors know that it is only a matter of time when things will start to boil again.

What I like about the projects is that they are in New Zealand and things will get better. New Zealand is not the super "Green" state that frowns upon all mining. In fact, it is the opposite. They have regulations like every other mining jurisdiction and they have different ways to deal with keeping the environment.

The geology is good and having worked in New Zealand before, I know that the mineral prospectivity is very high. There has not been the intense exploration like in Australia and there has never been as good a time as now to source funding. There are no sovereign risk issue and there are abundant expertise in country. Hence, what is there not to like?

In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Ed Mead tells us about the projects and how they fit within the present company portfolio. Ed shares with us the reasoning behind those projects and his thoughts on the prospects in the market.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 77 with Scott Williamson, Managing Director of Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX:BSX) is now positioning itself to be part of the sector supplying the battery market. I have been a big fan of Blackstone for a very long time. Followers who have been with Samso since the beginning will know that I have been sharing their story since 2019 when they were just AUD$0.15. In fact, I have just realised that they went down to AUD$0.08 during COVID. In the early days, the story was whether they would be able to come up with good drilling results which was to be followed by the probability of a "resources". Not long after that, they would be forced to show the competency of the existing plant. In the last episode of Coffee with Samso with Scott, he mentioned the beginnings of a downstream strategy, Producing Nickel for the EV Revolution - Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX) . Scott Williamson outlines why their nickel products is of the highest quality. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Scott Williamson tells us about how the company intends to make the best battery products for the industry.

There is going to be a supply issue. The biggest deal breaker for the battery market is a lack of nickel sulphide concentrates.

As I have mentioned before in the other Coffee with Samso, the whole business of finding more nickel metal is a forgone conclusion. The relentless results coming out from Vietnam is now boring me. It is now just a matter of time for a re-rating of the company. Would I buy Blackstone now? I have been asked many times if BSX is still a buy at the current price. My simple answer is similar to what Rick Rule mentioned in our last Coffee with Samso, (Look at 35:54 | Rick and Paladin - The story of Investing in Mineral Explorers) Commodities and Equities: Advice from Rick Rule - Episode 70 The story that Rick tells is the best answer to any investors questions of entry timing, understand the value and let that dictate your decision.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 76 is with Jon Hronsky, of Western Mining Services Mineral Exploration has always been thought of as the highly speculative and hence is a high risk investment. Jon Hronsky, a geoscientist of the last 37 years shares his thoughts on why this is not true. I met Jon way back in the late 1989 when I was in my second year of my undergraduate geology studies. I have casually been following his work since then and value his high level (regional) targeting strategies. One of the hardest things to research are the myriad of projects that exist in companies in ASX. Over the years, I have been asked many times what I think of the projects in this company of that company. What is hard to comment on is the legacy that exist in these projects. If you do not know the history or the content of management, this is extremely hard to give a "correct" answer. The general consensus is that if there is historical history of mineralisation, this will be a better project. As many experienced proponents of this sector will tell you, this is not anywhere near sufficient information to make a "intellectual" comment. There are way too many other information required before it comes near the point of an "educated" estimation. Jon Hronsky comes form a breed of mineral exploration that looks at the picture and this is what I call the need for the right ingredients. I am talking about greenfield projects where the "out of the box" thinking have taken the "risk" to chase the potential. These kind of projects normally comes up with the greatest rewards for investors. In this episode, Jon shares with us his thoughts on mineral exploration and why he thinks the Empress Springs project is a great example of the First Mover Strategy for Moho Resources Limited (ASX; MOH) .

This is the biggest coherent anomaly I have seen. - Jon Hronsky on the Empress Springs project.

The risk for investors is realistically less for greenfield exploration as opposed to advanced projects.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 75 is with Brad Valiukas, Managing Director - Aurumin Limited (ASX: AUN) Decades of neglect has meant that the Mt Dimer and Mt Palmer project may be revealing some hidden secrets. Aurumin Limited (ASX: AUN) has just listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) with two very interesting projects in the Southern Cross Goldfields that has a history of producing high-grade resources. In the spirit of exploration, one cant find a better place to go looking for more gold. The Mt Dimer and the Mt Palmer projects are both old unloved projects that have been neglected for decades. Currently, as I have mentioned several times, this is one of the best times for the mineral exploration industry. Hence, with money and drilling, shareholders will very likely see some good results. For industry people, it is not very hard to imagine finding similar mineralisation to what is already on the ground. I am not surprised that the ground have not been worked over as the market never allowed this to happen. Whoever owned these projects really never had the chance to raise the required money to do a proper job. In this episode, Brad Valiukas, the Manging Director of Aurumin share with us the same thoughts. As a mining engineer, I can see that he is meticulous and focused on delivering results. I can appreciated how his credentials are consistent with the type of projects in the company.

Brad is confident in finding repetitions of Mt Dimer and Mt. Palmer.

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CCoffee with Samso Episode 70 is with Rick Rule, Senior Managing Director, Sprott Inc. | President & CEO, Sprott U.S. Holdings Learning is best done when you actually listen. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, I recommend listening well. Just over twelve months ago, I was browsing LinkedIn and saw Rick Rule giving an interview and wondered if he would be interested to have a Coffee with Samso. To my surprise and my fortune he almost immediately agreed. Rick Rule is on his third Coffee with Samso and the timing is impeccable as this is almost twelve months since our first conversation. That was when the pandemic had just started and everyone was thinking it would perhaps just be chaotic for a while at the beginning. As most investors know, this was followed by an equity rise not seen for many decades. The chaos was far from short-term. It has already been a year. Check out our Insight on The Best Equity Investment Since the 1980s for more insights on this. In this Coffee with Samso, Rick shares with us some pointed topics as we work through some of the issues that we have faced and will face in the coming months. As precious metals take a step backwards recently, the anticipation of the EV Revolution has sparked a race that have seen investors rush to expose themselves to the Lithium market. We also discuss this rush as well as the recent interest in the REE and Silver. Rick reminds investors that Rare Earths Elements (REE) and Lithium are not rare. Where you want to position yourself is at the processing end of this sector. Do not chase the market noise/narrative but instead understand and believe the story of the company. The recent "hot news" on REE and Silver which have captivated the market sentiment is not really making Rick excited. Make sure you tune in to understand why this is the case. Look out for the part where Rick offers to review your resource share portfolio. All you need to do is go to the link below and list your resource stocks and he will personally rank them from 1 to 10 (1 = best and 10 = worst). He will personally make comments on stocks that he knows for you as well. If you include charts in the question line, he will include the Barron's gold mining chart which is a 50 year gold equities chart and a 100 year chart on commodities chart. https://sprottusa.com/brokerage-services/rankings/

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Coffee with Samso Episode 74 is with Allan Ritchie, Chief Executive Officer - Adavale Resources Limited (ASX: ADD)

The EV Revolution has thrown the world of "Battery Metals" into a another rush for good assets. Like in any other industry, when the market is hot, great assets become hard to acquire. Adavale has its assets next to one of the largest undeveloped nickel assets in the world, with similar geology and geophysical signatures.

Allan Ritchie shares with us the long journey of the company to get to where they are now. There is no hiding from the fact that this is a early stage play but I can sense in the tome of his voice, a sense of excitement and bravado about the project.

What he did not say on camera is that management are driven by capital appreciation as they are not paid large amounts of salary. Their rewards is in their shares that they own and not burning the cash with large salary. This is a great strategy and one that is not seen in many ASX companies.

Global law firm Clyde & Co advised UK mining company, Kabanga Nickel, on a binding framework agreement with the Government of Tanzania for the development of the Kabanga Nickel Project.

According to their website, the Kabanga Nickel project is located in the north-west of Tanzania. It is touted as a multi-billion dollar project. It host an in situ mineral resource of 58 million tonnes at 2.62% Ni, containing more than 1.52 million tonnes (3.30 billion pounds) of nickel, a key ingredient for the making of electric vehicles. Kabanga will support a mine life of at least 30 years with further exploration potential.

Adavale has found themselves at the right phase of a rising market. Since my conversation with Scott Williamson on Producing Nickel for the EV Revolution - Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX:BSX), where he share with us that nickel buyers are feeling the rate of demand rising faster than anticipation by the market. This is a great situation for the likes of Adavale as they move into discovery mode.

Of course, this does not mean that discovery is guaranteed but as we have discussed in many previous Coffee with Samso, exploration is all about good management, funding and good assets. The rest is a game of lottery. I feel that Adavale ticks all the boxes required, now its up to hard work and the truth machine.

Allan outlines a strong strategy and the milestones are there to be achieved. There is no hiding his expectation and with a market capitalisation of AUD20M in a strong market, discovery would give shareholders many things to cheer about in the near future.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 71 is with Mick Billing, Executive Chairman and Nicole Galloway Warland, Exploration Manager - Thor Mining Plc (ASX: THR) Recently there has been a lot of talk about the coming of a new resource revolution with uranium, copper, nickel, and lately REE, Tungsten and the development of HPA. Over the last three decades that I have been involved in the resource industry the boom-bust cycles are spoken and accepted easily. When a rising sentiment comes along, participants are preparing for when this will end. I get a sense that this is lesser to and extent now as most people that I speak to seem to comment that this one feels different. Personally, I am in the same camp and I would even go further to say that this one has a totally different feel. There has never been a time when all levels of commodities have risen while the rich cousin, the oil and gas industry, is seriously looking as a sunset industry. Over three decades that I have been involved in this industry, I have never seen the oil and gas industry being almost totally ignored. There are activities happening but the average retail investor is being too distracted with other plays in the market. When I was researching Thor Mining Plc, I was surprised at what it had in its portfolio. Their tungsten is Tier-1 in terms of grade and being in the US is going to be good. The uranium is also in the US and this has got to be a good position when the industry turns. The ISR copper project in South Australia is going to re-rate this company and the market will be totally taken by surprise. I think this project has the most upside however, it has its challenges to show that it is environmentally sound. The good news is that this is not new technology and as Mick Billing tells us, there are "green" examples of ISR already in place. Mick shares with us how the ISR works and that there are already work in place to use green techniques to make the whole process free from environmental issues. Take your time and watch the video as this has some "hidden" value that can quickly turn the fortune of this company. Great gold prospects in the Pilbara, world-class tungsten projects, exposure to Uranium and a potential copper and gold producer. What is the most interesting part is that if the ISR works, Thor will be a green producer and the world of ESG will be upon them with funding.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 72 with Tim Wither, Managing Director of Maximus Resources Limited (ASX: MXR)

Maximus Resources Limited (ASX: MXR) is working on the company making Wattle Dam Gold Mine. The Wattle Dam story has some history. I actually made a weak attempt to bid for the project way back in 2009 on some of the adjacent tenements but that never came to pass. n my opinion, within the Kambalda region, comparatively, the Wattle Dam area is one of the least active. There is no doubt that this whole region has been one of the best nickel hunting place. The Widgiemooltha Dome has been a classic hunting ground for nickel and this sits just south of the tenements held by Maximus Resources Limited. In 2020, the mineral exploration sector experienced one of the best years for capital funding. If I am not wrong, I could go as far as saying that this is one of the best years of capital allocation in this sector for many decades. I feel that this rush for good projects has allowed companies to finally drill projects that could unearth the next bag of mines. In this episode, Tim Wither tells us what is happening with the company and why he believes that the projects within the company are geared for better things to come. The exciting part is the potential for gold and nickel in a portfolio of tenements that have not had a lot of work done.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 73 is with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) The time may be coming for Critical Metals and those like Venture Minerals will be best placed to take advantage of the changing sector.

I have been a fan of these tin since about 2002 (Tungsten in 2012) when I started to get serious about the corporate side of the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX). I was looking at several places, such as Tasmania, Indonesia, Malaysia and Burma.

Tin has been one of the high priced metals but the market has not been good. It was highly manipulated in the Malaysian dominance time and I think it has not been well since that time. I dont know the reason for the recent rise in tin pricing but it seems to have a lot of legs as the spot price is nearly USD30,000 per tonne. This is definitely worth noting as the world prepares itself for the EV revolution.

Andrew Radonjic shares with us the Venture's Mount Lindsay Tin and Tungsten project. The project is in the Western part of Tasmania, Australia. What is unique about this project is that a Bankable Feasibility Study was completed in 2012 which is the best proof of concept.

If you want to know something about this project, you must make yourself a cup of good coffee and spend the next 45 minutes taking notes. You will not be disappointed as Andrew tells us all about the value that gave the company a AUD100M market capitalisation in 2012.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 69 with Barry Cahill, Executive Director of Cyprium Metals Limited (ASX: CYM) Cyprium Metals is now a copper producer by acquiring the Nifty Copper Mine and Maroochydore Copper project. When I was preparing for this Coffee with Samso, Cyprium had a AUD20M market capitalisation, however, that morning, they announced the acquisition which will make them a producer in 2022. What will their market capitalisation be after this move will become very clear in the coming week. I have been a copper bull for a long time and I am very interested in what this company can do with these projects. Barry Cahill comes from a strong history of making projects like this work and hearing him speak gives me the same confidence. He has a wealth of experience and this new challenge will make him work hard for the next few years. From what I can tell, the new story for Cyprium is going to make them a lone sailor in this sector of the copper market. I cannot think of a company that can produce metal in 18 months and with a large exploration potential. Barry Cahill shares with us his thoughts and passion on the path forward.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 68 with Allan Kelly, Managing Director of Miramar Resources Ltd (ASX: M2R) Allan Kelly has created wealth for shareholders before and he is back again with Miramar Resources Limited. Allan Kelly is a guy who has done a Miramar before and took the then company Doray Minerals Limited (ASX: DRM) from being an explorer to a producer. There have been many other stories that fit this bill but when I met him at a Diggers and Dealers several years ago, I was impressed with the story of Doray. When I notice Miramar Resources, I was immediately fascinated with the projects. I was thinking that Gidji project was a "postage stamp" (headline reader) project. Why would someone like Allan Kelly bother with this ? I also heard that the IPO was oversubscribed and it did well post IPO. As soon as this Coffee with Samso was confirmed, I was keenly anticipating a great conversation. Well, to say the least, this has turned out to be one of the best conversation about exploration and why exploration can add value to a company faster and greater than most investors would realise. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Allan share with us the value of exploration. He tells about how may times he has seen good exploration create so much value for shareholders. Most importantly, he gives a a great conversation of the projects in Miramar and why Gidji is such a great project. This is a great conversation about why people like me love exploration. I think it is the same feeling that any explorers or travellers get when they have that sensation of seeing new things and realising the discovery is upon their sights.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 67 with Ed Turner, CEO of Kingwest Resources Ltd (ASX: KWR) The realisation of establishing a gold mining province within the company's portfolio is gaining momentum with the latest results from the Goongarrie project. Mineral Exploration has always been about taking the risk to drill projects. There is a humorous saying in our industry that one should never drill perfectly good project. However, when we go pass the jokes, finding a province or a good concept is an acquired skill loaded with lots of luck or blessing. Kingwest has a province to work from and the Goongarrie project was always the blue sky. Ed Turner and I talked about this in the very first Coffee with Samso back in October 2019, Coffee with Samso - Episode 025 - The Menzies Goldfields, however, at that time, this was all a theoretical concept. In February 2021, the reality is now apparent as more work is done on both projects. In this episode, Ed Turner shares with us the significance of the recent drilling announcement about the Goongarrie project. We discussed the meaning of the results and what is the underlying prospectivity of the salt lakes. These salt lakes may play a big role in coming up with potential future ounces of gold that is synonymous with companies working in the Kalgoorlie-Menzies gold belt.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 66 with Ralph Winter, Director of Moho Resources Limited (ASX: MOH) Moho Resources Limited (ASX: MOH) is another step closer to realising its ambition to mine East Samson Dam In the junior mineral resource sector continue to blossom in the sunshine of happy investors, Moho Resources continues to gear up to be a self funded explorer. Work continues at the East Samson Dam project to provide technical guidance for their upcoming JORC resource. In this current episode of Coffee with Samso, Ralph Winter shares with us what is happening with the company since the last time we had a coffee. Here is a list of the conversation, 1. Drilling confirms consistency at East Samson Dam 2. Exploration work at Burracoppin has started and there appears to be some early success in vectoring mineralisation. 3. Water samples form Empress Springs have shown to be effective in delineating mineralisation models. 4. Ongoing exploration planning for the projects.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 65 with Scott Patrizi, Executive Director of Caprice Resources Limited (ASX: CRS) Caprice Resources Limited (ASX: CSR) has landed itself a potential high-grade gold project in the Murchison Goldfields The Island Gold project is one of the projects that have had a long and hard life to get to this stage. For Caprice Resources, this is a good thing. Scott shares with us the story about how this project have landed into the company and why there is so much potential that has not been revealed. Late 2020, when I came across this company and the project, I made contact with Adam Miethke, who is a non-executive director of Caprice Resources. Adam is also the Managing Director of Discovery Capital Partners. I went to learn more about the project and when the company agreed to come onto Coffee with Samso, I was thrilled as I felt that the Island gold project is unique. With the current buoyant nature of the market, these hidden projects are finally able to surface and it will surprise many people with their potential. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Scot has shared with us the potential of the Island project and also their Northampton project. The Northampton project is a base metal play but like many projects, it has some issues, but the geology is fantastic. Time will tell how everything pans out but if the company is given enough faith to pursue its mandate, that is to drill and find a deposit, shareholders can be assured that this is a decent project with some real numbers.

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Rooster Talk Episode 34 with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) The ticking of boxes is taking the company to being a producer and realising up to AUD100M of value. The first Coffee with Samso - A Targeted Diversified Mineral Explorer - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) was published on 26th October 2020. When we started that journey with the company, there was not a lot of value being placed on the Riley's hematite project in Tasmania. How things have changed with a rising iron ore price to near all time high. Today, Andrew Radonjic shares with us, 1. the significance of the latest announcement. 2. the long awaited journey to mining an iron ore mine. 3. the challenges of getting all the team in place to make the mining process possible 4. when will the company see cashflow and 5. what will mining mean to the company.

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Andromeda Metals is banking that their vast resource of Halloysite is going to make them a high quality Kaolin miner for now. Nanotechnology could make them a much bigger company in the near future. When I first spoke to Andromeda Metals Limited (ASX: ADN) in later 2019, I felt that this was a company with such a simple business. A simple business that was going to make a lot of money. After talking with James Marsh and learning the business, I was convinced that this was better than a AUD$0.04 stock. Today, in January 2021, this is now a AUD$0.29 stock with a market capitalisation of just over AUD600M, and as James highlighted, they are not in production yet. What is even more intriguing is that there are several other high valued opportunities that are awaiting results that could make this resource company more a resource technology company. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, we hear James telling us what is happening with the road to production and what is in stored in the coming months.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 63 with Scott Williamson, Managing Director of Blackstone Minerals Ltd (ASX: BSX) Blackstone Minerals Limited (ASX: BSX) has just made a very important step in announcing to the market that Nickel is the game. Blackstone has taken a big step in announcing two major news to the market over the last week. Firstly there was the divestment of all their non Ta Khoa projects into a new company. The second which was released on the 22nd January on the partnership with Trafigura Pte Ltd to be supplied with nickel and cobalt products to supply the downstream strategy of Blackstone Minerals. The divestment and the partnership with Trafigura is a clear sign that Blackstone is gearing up for the production end of the spectrum.. Scott discussed the supply crunch that is coming thick and fast due to the EV revolution. This revolution is coming at a faster rate than more industry participants have realised. Scott Williamson explains what is happening in the EV world. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Scott Williamson talks to us about what is really happening in the EV market space. he shares with us some inside understanding of the market and what are his partners in the EV race saying? The EV revolution is coming think and fast and a nickel sulphide supply crunch will happen. As we have learnt in previous Coffee with Samso, the whole exploration side of the Ta Khoa project is just going to go up and find more metal. Scott tells us that this side of the business is status quo. What he wants the market to understand is that they are being driven to the production side due to market forces. These market forces are getting stronger and it will cause a supply shortage issue which would place the company in a very healthy position in time to come. Is Blackstone Minerals Limited fairly valued at the moment? If you ask the average investor, it will be save to say that they say that equities are not being reflected with the potential market demand for commodities. This is most likely true to some degree as the market is slowly waking up to what is the rush of the EV uptake. Several years ago, most people talked about the coming of the electric vehicles and the onset of renewable energy. The former is definitely happening with a rush and from what Scot is telling us, the demand is approaching mush faster the anticipation from the market. As for renewable energy, I think there is evidence that there uranium boom is not too far away. The widespread use of solar and the need for batteries to store the surplus energy is what will drive this side of the market. It will probably not be the driver that could be called a revolution form the industrial need, but it will cause some ripple effects. So if you look at the current market capitalisation of Blackstone, you will not be a silly person to bet that there is going to be a lot of added value to come.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 62 is with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) 2021 is going to be very good for VMS. The first time I looked at Venture Minerals, I was immediately drawn to the Golden Grove North deposit and that was when we had our first Coffee with Samso - A Targeted Diversified Mineral Explorer - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) which was published on 26th October 2020. Since that very first Coffee with Samso, I have come to believe that this company is way under-valued. I was not really a fan of the Riley project as there was never much volume but with the price rising to USD170/T this is now a play. If they get this to be shipped, and they will, this will bring in some serious money into their bank. You cannot ignore this anymore. Funding has been more focused on these kinds of projects lately and you simply go with the flow. The fact that they raised AUD10M with such ease tells me that the market likes Riley and that also says a lot about what it will mean for the company. As for Kulin and Golden Grove North, these are the blue skies that would propel Venture Minerals into the share price stratosphere. The upside on positive exploration results will be a big boost to the company. When the company mentioned that they did trenching at Kulin, I thought they were doing that because they had no idea what was going on with the geology of the project. Now, one may think this is a bad thing but when you realise that they are actually seeing good gold results at a place where previously there had been no historical work, that makes it a really special place. In this episode, we talked about all these aspects and it will become clearer to viewers that Venture may indeed be on its way to realising a lot of value in 2021. Today, Andrew Radonjic shares with us: 1. The completion of the AUD10M raising. 2. Why the recent exploration results at Kulin has put this project as a priority. 3. The recent iron ore price rise has allowed the company to become self-sufficient. 4. The prospectivity of the Golden Grove project. 5. What the discovery of Julimar has meant for the immediate area. 6. How recent discoveries within the Julimar region has sparked a land grad in the region.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 61 with Craig Mason, Executive Chairman of Complii Fintech Solutions Limited. In a complex world of the share market, simplicity and speed will create cost savings and allow transactions to be more free flowing.

Complii Fintech Solutions Limited (ASX: CF1) is a very boring but yet mandatory business that was listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX: ASX) last year. The business in stockbroking has changed dramatically over the last 30 years.

In fact, the industry probably has felt that the las ten years have been the most significant. As Australian Securities and Investments Commissions (ASIC) and the ASX step up their regulatory requirements, the industry has changed dramatically. Most industry participants will agree that there are more to come. For the industry the need to be compliant and to protect all participants has become mandatory. Broking firms need to protect themselves and also to protect their clients hence the use of technology such as Complii will become mandatory.

As Craig mason explains, the technology was written for the ASX and is complete. There are no stages to go through. The company is beyond proof of concept, in fact, they having paying clients.

Craig puts a very compelling statement,

This business is a mandatory exercise for the broking industry. The technology not only make work more efficient, it protects all participants from the industry.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 60 with Kado Muir, Founder of Marnta Sandalwood. It takes a soulful journey to understand how to share and create a business that is using the land in a sustainable manner. When you hear Kado Muir speak about the philosophy of is life and the history of his family, you get the sense of calmness and being in high state of satisfaction. I have know Kado since 1988 when we met on the basketball court at the University of Western Australia. I always felt that he had a higher purpose. Cut to know in 2021, you get a sense that there is a lot of wisdom in those grey hairs. Over the time I have seen Kado being apart of many topics. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, it was great to hear that journey and how those experience have created Marnta Sandalwood. The whole topic of Indigenous Australia and living in a sustainable manner with the land has intrigued me for many years. I recently have spoken about my interest with Mark Anderson from FISH. We did a Rooster Talk in May 2020 called Breaking the Inter-Generational Curse where we discussed extensively about the plight of the Australian Indigenous culture. This episode of Coffee with Samso is a great follow-up on that first chat as it was great sharing from Kado. Kado shared with us some of these topics, * Wealth generation and sharing * His parents life and the books his father wrote * How they lived and worked * How prospecting for gold gave him the deposit to his first house * Being the first Indigenous Australian to go to University? * The books he has written and the creating of Marnta Sandalwood.

Links to the books that are mentioned in the Coffee with Samso Working Together Book. (cover image attached) https://www.blurb.com/bookstore/invited/8504947/adeab2196a8fe56e66c00b4e683ae8d1c1cf61c8 APB, Dooley and Me https://www.amazon.com.au/Apb-Dooley-Me-Recollections-1968-1970/dp/0646411497/ref=sr_1_1?keywords=peter+muir+dooley&qid=1610933241&sr=8-1 Ten Bush Foods https://www.blurb.com/bookstore/invited/8504749/23a61aed1ee5e99705469aae5689f3ab96e90e7b

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Coffee with Samso Episode 59 with Thomas Hanly, Managing Director of Singular Health Group Limited (ASX: SHG) Medical Imaging is the process of allowing users to visualise their digital scans to better understand their prognosis. Singular Health Group Limited (ASX: SHG) is a story that is allowing users a way to better understand what was once privileged intellect to one that "normal" people" could understand. What has intrigued me about Singular Health is the nature in which this technology is allowing the once complicated topic of understanding medical prognosis by simply allowing users to "walk" into their body. The use of Virtual Reality (VR) is by no means new as it has been widely used in gaming and several educational process such as simulators for aviators, construction and building and the mining environment. Thomas Hanly shares with us his thoughts on the industry as the company prepares itself to complete the fund raising for the IPO which is currently open. I like the medical field as it is a sector that is inelastic. Like the childcare and aged care industry, there is an unlimited demand and requirement. The competition is intense but the playing field is spacious. I like the fact that they are focussing on the ASEAN sector instead of chasing the US market. To me, this is a good strategy as there an unlimited uptake in private healthcare due to a lack of government assistance in this region. ASEAN are early takers of technology and the population are hungry for growth.

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About Galileo Mining Limited (ASX:GAL)

Galileo Mining is a resources company listed on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) under the code GAL and is exploring for base metals in south-east Western Australia. The company has a 100% ownership of its Norseman Project and has Joint Ventures with the Creasy Group over highly prospective tenements in the Fraser Range. The Norseman Project is located adjacent to the regional town of Norseman in an infrastructure-rich area of Western Australia. A bitumen highway runs parallel to the project area and is less than 10km from the Company’s current JORC cobalt-nickel resources. The Norseman Project includes numerous areas with potential for further cobalt discoveries as well as additional nickel and copper prospects. The Fraser Range Project covers two zones of the extensive Fraser Range geological belt. The Fraser Range is known for the world-class Nova nickel-copper-cobalt mine discovered by Sirius Resources in 2012. Galileo’s northern Fraser Range tenement is 80km from the operating Nova mine while the southern tenements are just 30km from the mine. Galileo is targeting Nova style nickel-copper-cobalt mineralisation in the Fraser Range and has a deep level of experience in the region. The company was originally privately owned by renowned prospector Mr. Mark Creasy, and Galileo Managing Director Mr. Brad Underwood spent eight years as General Manager of the Creasy Group’s exploration at the Fraser Range and Norseman.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 47 with Christian Easterday, Managing Director of Hot Chili Limited (ASX: HCH) The pieces have been reset and its time set the World on Notice. The anxious wait for shareholders of Hot Chili Limited (ASX:HCH) to make the next step of company's journey has arrived. There has been a lot of chat in the last couple of months as the company goes through this new building phase. Recently the stakeholders of Hot Chili has been experiencing bouts of confusion, frustration and generally desperately seeking information. I think this episode of Coffee with Samso delves into all these questions. At the conclusion of the conversation, I cannot help but think that this company has so much more value than what the market is valuing it at the moment.

This is placement was about providing a very strong rubber stamp from the Australian Institutional investors.

This was about the setting up our register and starting to reconstruct that with an Institutional element.

Christian systematically paints some colour in to the following points, - Corporate Fund Raising. - Composition of the incoming money. - Positioning the company as the sole Copper ASX company with a Tier 1 project. - How is the Funding de-risking the project. - The upsides of Cortadera-like satellite projects. - Increasing the Costa Fuego resource in magnitudes making Hot Chili a GLOBAL PLAYER. - Upcoming corporate activities that will allow International access to the company. Ultimately, I feel that this is one of the best Coffee with Samso that we have done together and a perfect manner to end a tumultuous year for the company and the copper-gold sector. This conversation sets the tone for a very promising 2021 for all stakeholders of the company.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 55 with Barry Moore, General Manager and Director of Scarlett Invest Time to start thinking about currency diversification? The world of cryptocurrency is one that seems to divide our thoughts when it comes to investments. I am was involved in several ICO (Initial Coin Offering) three years ago when it was all happening. Money was being raised for all sorts of projects which I suspect are no longer in the marketplace. With the uncertainty of credibility, the world of crypto was plunged into deeper space of mistrust when the pricing of all the coins started to fall back. The darling of the crypto world, Bitcoin, was leading the pack downwards into a world of darkness. In the recent months, the revival has been short of spectacular and we are seeing many "credible" sources embracing the crypto world. Paypal has declared their association with the use of digital currency in allowing the process of using bitcoin on their platform. In this episode, we talk to Barry Moore who is a local Perth entrepreneur promoting the use of cryptocurrency and creating a crypto-exchange where coins can be traded and flow into our "normal" marketplace. The digitisation of currency is here to stay and it will revolutionise the way we use cash. We will have more control on money transfer and the use of currency. Most people would find this a new concept but I assure you that this is no longer a new story. This is a developing story that has taken a firm foundation internationally. The use of crypto is now mainstream and is without a doubt her to stay for us to use and invest. Please take the time to watch and do yourself a favour and seek more research. This is the start of a new revolution that will be looked upon from the next generation as a game changer in investment styles.

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Rooster Talk Episode 33 This Rooster Talk with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) is about the latest announcement on the Golden Grove north project. The first time I looked at Venture Minerals, I was immediately drawn upon the Golden Grove North deposit. The first Coffee with Samso - A Targeted Diversified Mineral Explorer - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) was published on 26th October 2020. In this episode of Rooster Talk, Andrew Radonjic shares with us, 1. the significance of the assays, what does it mean in terms of the exploration strategy. 2. confirmation of a VMS system and the potential for further discoveries in the area. 3. the relationship between the geophysical and geochemical exploration techniques. 4. the next steps in the exploration path forward, and 5. why the company is excited and why shareholders should be excited as well.

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How do you define 120km of mineralisation?   When I look at what Matador Mining has in terms of geology, I struggle to understand how you are going to define the "motherlode". They have mineralisation all along the length of their project. The company has defined 32 target already. This is definitely a good problem to have and this is what is intriguing about the whole project.   In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Warren Potma share with us how the company is systematically working on the project. One of the imposing feature of this project is the 120 km of strike (length), where the company is continuously finding gold mineralisation. Sometime , this is an issue as you cannot focus on a single potential prize. However, as Warren points out, this is a good problem.   Exploration in the North American shield is not a walk in the park. One of the main concerns is the weather. The cold and the limited working window makes life that little bit harder. This is something that is always on my top list when deciding if a project is going to work or not, so we discussed this extensively. In addition to the weather, the geology and infrastructure plays the most critical in project evaluation.   This is a great conversation as I really was able to get a great understanding of the project from all aspects of making the project work for Matador Mining.

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Coffee with Samso Episode 53 with Ian Warland, CEO of Twenty Seven Co. Limited (ASX: TSC)   Management is making moves that will support shareholder value in what is a volatile market.   When I looked at Twenty Seven Co earlier this year, what got me interested was the extensive greenstone belt that made up the Rover project. Everyone knows that the exploration sector is all about being in a marathon as opposed to being in a sprint.   The acquisition of Mt. Dimmer is a piece of the puzzle that tells me that management is thinking in the right space. To me, Mt. Dimmer is all about the potential of creating a path to production. If this was achieved, the company would be almost self-funding.   The exploration upside that exist in the other projects would compliment each other very well.   In this episode of Coffee with Samso, we have Ian Warland sharing with us the strategy of the company. He tells us about the thinking behind the acquisition of the Mt Dimmer project and the exciting exploration results from Harmonic and Creasy 1 prospects within the Rover Project.   As we read between the lines of what is at play with the spread of projects within Twenty Seven Co., what is becoming apparent is that management is cooking up a good story.   The gold market will remain buoyant and go through its ups and downs. What is important for investors is to understand what companies like TSC is doing and creating value for shareholders.

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Canadian Geology and Giant Mines are synonymous when you talk mining in the North American Mining Industry. Having a large exploration package within the Land of the Giants is what I called stacking your bets.   When I fist came across Ardiden Limited (ASX: ADV), I was immediately drawn to the large land holding at Pickle Lake. An small cap exploration company on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX) with a land package over 800square kilometres within know mineralisation and working mines is not something ordinary.   Granted that this is not the easiest of places to work in but tell me one place that is easy to work, taking into consideration all the "other issues". Rob Longley and his team is taking the best approach in the search for the "holy grail" and that is to systematically work through the information and not rush into chasing "Hollywood Results".   In this episode of Coffee with Samso, Rob Longley shares with us the significance of the geology, the potential of the land package and how the company slowly works through the numerous targets that has already presented themselves.

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Rooster Talk Episode 32 with Andrew Radonjic, Managing Director - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) is talking about the latest announcements on the Golden Grove north project.

This is the first in-person Rooster Talk and what a way to celebrate this occasion. The latest results from Venture Minerals are showing clear signs that the current drilling program is on track to identify the next Golden Grove- styled VMS deposit.

The first time I looked at Venture Minerals, I was immediately drawn upon the Golden Grove North deposit. The first Coffee with Samso - A Targeted Diversified Mineral Explorer - Venture Minerals Limited (ASX: VMS) was published on 26th October 2020.

In this episode of Rooster Talk, Andrew Radonjic shares with us,

(i) the significance of the numbers and how it relates to the bigger picture for the project.

(ii) the exploration process and how it was planned and is being executed.

(iii) the geophysical exploration techniques and how they help in identifying targets.

(iv) how to understand the meaning of the geophysical interpretation.

(v) why the company is excited and why shareholders should be excited as well.

This is a good time to download the first Ebook from Samso as it is all about VMS (Volcanogenic Massive Sulfides).

For new Subscribers (if you have not yet Subscribe already),

Click here: New Subscribers: https://www.samso.com.au/ebooks 

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In this episode of Coffee with Samso, I am talking to Davide Bosio from Shaw and Partners. Davide is currently the State Manager of WA - Director of Corporate Finance of Shaw and Partners Limited. With all the talk of the market being overly buoyant and "hot", I wanted to get a broker's perspective of the market. I want to see if we can balance the perception fo the market with a proponent of the current state of affairs on the stock market. Davide shares with us the sectors that are doing well and how the extra funding that exploration companies are getting are going into discoveries.

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The Menzies Goldfields is finally finding its time in the limelight as Kingwest Resources Limited (ASX: KWR) delivers good results on every drilling program. When Kingwest first appeared in their first Coffee with Samso, - Coffee with Samso - Episode 025 - The Menzies Goldfields in October 2019, I have said that given that the management is genuine and funding is readily available, this is going to be Goldfield.   I am happy to see that this is slowly unravelling my prophecy. Ed Turner has shared with us this journey since it is fantastic to see the relationship continuing over time.   Ed shares with us his confidence in the strategy of the company. The buoyant market has allowed the company to explore and developed the near-surface resource. The current resource has increased from 170,000 ounces to 320,000 ounces with a 1g cut-off.   The current drilling program is being extended because the results are demanding the continued presence of the drillers. Positive results are driving exploration activities.   We have drilled down to 730m and we are still getting 25 g/t. - We are pushing to be in production in two years time.

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This episode of Rooster Talk has been on my sights for a while. I like that location and the potential of finding those double-digit million-ounce deposits which are common in this part of the world. Canadian geology is one of the most endowed places in the world. It is the "harsh" environment that is making discoveries fewer.

When discoveries happen, they seem to be big and sustained. What Ardiden has is one of the many "belts" that require systematic drilling and lots of patience.

Rob Longley, the Managing Director of Ardiden Limited (ASX: ADV), shares with us the progress of the company on its Pickel Lake Gold Deposit. Rob tells us what is the challenges and what is the potential of being patient and allowing the capital to be deployed to uncover what may become a great gold deposit.

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Exploration geologists are often faced with a situation where they are asked to find the Holy Grail with a small budget. In the past, potential deposits are often missed due to a lack of funding or poor targeting techniques. CSIRO has been providing solutions to the mineral exploration industry for many decades.

The whole concept of understanding the weathering profile or regolith is the key to many discoveries. In this episode of Coffee with Samso, I speak to Ryan Noble who is the Principal Research Scientist for CSIRO. He works for the mineral resource business unit.

Ryan shares with us the concept of using bore water to vector into potential mineralisation geology. This technique is being used with Moho Resources Limited (ASX: MOH). Ryan is working with Moho Resources on the Emperor Springs Gold Project in Queensland, Australia.

About Ryan Noble:

Current activities: Ultrafine fraction soils for mineral exploration, active/smart sampling for exploration, gas geochemistry for exploration through cover, commercialisation of UltraFine+, continental-scale hydrogeochemistry, rapid and field-portable sampling and analysis for greenfields mineral exploration, role of fungi in the transformation of gold.

Past President of the Association of Applied Geochemists (Chair Awards and Medals Committee), Executive Board member of Earth Science Western Australia, Member of Geoconferences WA subcommittee.

Sept 2011 -June 2014

Stream Leader (Education and Analytical Services) Responsibilities: Manage projects and project leaders, reporting, project delivery and the stream budget. Run seminars, Interns, promotion activities and develop Advanced Characterisation services.

Aug 2011 - Oct 2014

Research Team Leader Responsibilities:

Manage Aqueous Geochemistry research team members (5-8) for capability development and deployment, annual performance, HSE and routine approvals.

Research Scientist and Laboratory Manager Projects: Uranium hydrogeochemistry, biogeochemistry and mechanisms of metal migration in soils, evolution of SO4 and NO3 related to sulfide weathering, monitoring techniques for carbon capture and storage in soil and groundwater, micro- and nano-crystal formation to simulate natural metal enrichment zones in soils and saprolite, regional hydrogeochemical mapping, hydrogeochemistry near trace metal-rich soils and rocks, predictive modelling of lithology using plant and soil chemistry, hydropedology of the WA wheat belt including studies on acid water and acid sulfate sediments, development and assessment of novel approaches to soil characterisation by soil partial extractions, reactive transport modelling of trace metal mobility related to saprolite weathering reactions.

Skills: Laboratory management, General soils, regolith and water laboratory techniques, Ion Chromatography, Infrared Mineral Analyzer (ASD), C and S combustion analyzer, Scanning Electron Microscopy.

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The Blackstone story has always been about mining and not discovering. The release of the Scoping Study is all about drawing the line in the sand to put numbers to all the talk over the last twelve months. The release of the study finally puts numbers to the question on investors thoughts? * How much will it cost to build? * What will the revenue number be? * How big will the mine be? * How much bigger can it get?

I speak to Scott Williamson about all these numbers and what they mean to the company and investors. One of the issues with such a document for retail investors is that there are so many numbers. Scott shares with us the steps that the company will take going forward to create a Green Nickel Mine. He tells us that the company is still growing its resource and making discoveries in there other nearby deposits. The company is discovering massive sulfides every drill hole and the geology is unveiling itself to be a Tier-1 district. In his own words,

We will find a significant amount of nickel, that is a given. We are now trading at a significant discount to NPV and as we derisk the project, that gap will close.

This episode of Coffee with Samso delves into all these questions. At the conclusion of the conversation, I cannot help but think that this company is suffering from the speculator's curse in a bull market. This bull market is swayed by a mass amount of speculators. As the company moves into the production stage, the smart money will be holding and they will be rewarded over time as Ta Khoa becomes a Green Nickel Mine that is completely ESG compliant.

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The Venture story is not one that is common in many of its peers on the Australian Stock Exchange (ASX). I have followed this company for at least 10 years and they have impressed me with both the quality of the projects and the success that the management has been able to create over time. One of the most important aspects of any mineral explorer is the quality of management and the history of success they have been able to achieve in their time. The other is the quality of projects and it is in this space that Venture Minerals, in my opinion, has executed very well. I speak to Andrew Radonjic, the managing director of Venture Minerals Limited. Andrew shares with us the history and the prospectivity of the projects. What Andrew has that many have not is the history of how exploration was when things were this hot in the market. Andrew shares some insights with us, Exploration is all about perseverance and being able to understand good geology. Open your blinkers and look at things that may not be obvious and do your research and understand the information you are being given. Have you seen a Diversified Mineral Explorer with projects this good? This episode of Coffee with Samso delves into all these questions. At the conclusion of the conversation, I cannot help but think that this company is a few drill holes from a major discovery in any of their projects. If you listen carefully, the projects within the Venture Minerals portfolio are highly prospective and are close to value-adding. Each project has its own unique "wow" factor that makes it an attractive exploration target.

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Why the market did not like the latest Mineral Resource Estimate (MRE)   The anxious wait for shareholders of Hot Chili Limited (ASX:HCH) for the latest Mineral Resource Estimate (MRE) on the Cortadera Copper-Gold Project is over. What resulted was an anticlimax and the much-praised rising of the share price did not eventuate. The MRE was actually pretty good, however, the retail market just did not like it.   I speak to Christian Easterday about the lack of interest in the share price and what the numbers mean for the future of the company. As a shareholder of the company, I must admit that there was a sense of disappointment but I cannot see how this company can stay at a market capitalisation so far from what it has in asset value.   This episode of Coffee with Samso delves into all these questions. At the conclusion of the conversation, I cannot help but think that this company has so much more value than what the market is valuing it at the moment.   Christian shares with us what is happening in the background and the potential corporate activities that may happen in the coming months.