The brain's "skull drains" are far from passive plumbing.

In Nature (2026), Monaghan et al. show that dural venous sinuses actively constrict, dilate, and even rearrange endothelial borders in a phenomenon called "ruffling" to support immune surveillance.

RAMP1 regulates vasomotion. RAMP2 regulates immune boundary dynamics. Blocking RAMP2 impairs antiviral defense.

The meninges are not coverings. They are regulated neuroimmune interfaces. 🧠🛡️