Heleen Buldeo Rai, Postdoctoral researcher at the Logistics City Chair (University Gustave Eiffel, Paris), joins me to talk about the environmental impact of e-commerce delivery:

• Should people shop online or in person?
• How do people make their shopping trips - by car, on foot, or by other means?
• The concept of substitution
• Does an online purchase replace an in-store purchase?
• Click-and-collect
• Browsing and showrooming
• Omnichannel behaviour
• Fragmentation
• Is e-commerce fuelling consumerism?
• What do we do with the time we save by shopping online?
• Customers' overall mobility footprint
• Trip chaining
• Click-and-collect vs PUDO
• Out-of-home delivery in rural and remote areas
• Factors driving consumer choice in delivery options
• Encouraging consumers to make greener delivery choices
• Convenience vs sustainability
• Getting the data on mobility
• The 15-minute city, and what it means for e-commerce delivery
• Transport of heavy goods