My AP Biology Thoughts  Unit 6 Gene Expression and RegulationWelcome to My AP Biology Thoughts podcast, my name is Morgan and I am your host for episode # 106 called Unit 6 Gene Expression and Regulation: DNA Replication. Today we will be discussing the process by which cells replicate their DNA Segment 1: Introduction to DNA Replication Difference between prokaryotic and Eukaryotic DNA P is one circular piece of dna where eukaryotic are multiple linear chromosomes DNA replication is semi-conservative Double helix is split in two and then each new strand is synthesized so to new double helices are made, each with one old and one new strand  very complex but very fast Extremely accurate (only 1 in a billion bases are messed up) Have to prime the DNA for replication Primers are short molecules that attach to the dna at the origin of replication  Mde by the enzyme primase Helicase is the enzyme that unwinds the double helix- initiates the replication fork (where two strands split apart) Multiple replication forks in eukaryotic dna Topoisomerase checks problems in the DNA before replication and maintains the structure DNA polymerase is the enzyme that synthesizes the new DNA strand- reads the bases and matches up complementary nucleotides

Segment 2: More About the process of replication Replication initiation can occur at both directions from the origin where the primer binds DNA polymerase can only add nucleotides in the 5 to 3 prime direction, and read the strand of dna in the 3 to 5 prime direction Leading strand is continuous Lagging strand is discontinuous, has to read and synthesize in short segments (okazaki fragments) Enzyme ligase seals together the fragments Energy needed for this process (remember forming bonds between the nucleotides requires energy) 

Segment 3: Connection to the Course Connection to mitosis S phase of mitosis is dna replication Necessary for cell division to make the same amount of chromosomes in daughter cells Process is close to the same for rna synthesis Leading and lagging strands Okazaki fragments and 3 to 5 prime direction vs 5 to 3 prime direction

Thank you for listening to this episode of My AP Biology Thoughts. For more student-ran podcasts and digital content, make sure that you visit http://www.hvspn.com (www.hvspn.com).  Music Credits: "Ice Flow" Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 4.0 License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Subscribe to our Podcast https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/my-ap-biology-thoughts/id1549942575 (Apple Podcasts) https://open.spotify.com/show/1nH8Ft9c9f6dmo75V9imCk (Spotify) https://podcasts.google.com/search/my%20ap%20biology%20thoughts (Google Podcasts )   https://www.youtube.com/channel/UC07e_nBHLyc_nyvjF6z-DVg (YouTube)   Connect with us on Social Media Twitterhttps://twitter.com/thehvspn ( @thehvspn)