The Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, CSIR, is a world class South African Research Centre. The CSIR is South Africa's central and premier scientific research and development organisation. It was established by an act of parliament in 194. It is the largest research and development (R&D) organisation in Africa and accounts for about 10% of the entire African R&D budget. In its existence the CSIR has under taken some top level research some of which being controversial like the development of Apartheid South African Nuclear programme which culminated into the development of the Nuclear bomb. Presently the CSIR is celebrating ten years since the establishment, among others of its Nano medicine sector, key into this sector is the development of Nano pharmaceuticals, which have found great potential in the sector of treatment of Diseases of Poverty namely Malaria, Tuberculosis and HIV. Dr Yolandy Jemmer is a Nano Medicine researcher involved in researching Nano carriers for the encapsulating and transporting of TB drugs directly to the affected cells and.