What should colleges do about pro-Palestinian encampments?College students across America are camping out to demand their universities divest all investments with Israeli-linked companies that they claim profit from the occupation and oppression of Palestine. It's gone on for weeks, and even administrators at schools known as bastions of progressive activism are finally getting fed up. Harvard's president is threatening "involuntary leave" for protesters. Columbia announced on Monday that it canceled its main commencement ceremony for safety reasons. The University of Southern California has, too.UCLA called in the cops to clear its encampment, and police have arrested more than 2,100 protesters across all U.S. campuses since April, according to the Associated Press.Congress has continued to interrogate Ivy League presidents, and a bill to explicitly define antisemitism for civil rights law enforcement purposes just passed the House with overwhelming support last week.Joining us today to talk about the protests, the backlash, and what it all means for free speech on campus and the wider world is Nico Perrino, executive vice president of the Foundation for Individual Rights and Expression (FIRE), and host of the free speech podcast So to Speak.Watch the full conversation on Reason's YouTube channel or the Just Asking Questions podcast feed on Apple, Spotify, or your preferred podcatcher.Sources referenced in this conversation:Full Text of the Antisemitism Awareness ActInternational Holocaust Remembrance Alliance's definition of antisemitism.Columbia students define "divest"Harvard President Garber Breaks Silence on Encampment, Threatens 'Involuntary Leave' for ProtestersColumbia cancels commencement amid campus protestsMap: Where College Protesters Have Been Arrested or DetainedPolling 1,200 college students on EncampmentsWhat Americans think about recent pro-Palestinian campus protests | YouGovAmericans' Views of Both Israel, Palestinian Authority DownMajority in US Say Israel's Reasons for Fighting Hamas Are Valid | Pew Research CenterLetter from judges saying they won't hire Columbia grads as clerksTimestamps:00:00 Introduction01:33 Free Speech on Campus: A Conversation with Nico Perrino02:13 The Historical Context of Campus Protests and Free Speech Debates07:28 The Legal and Social Implications of Campus Encampments31:38 The Role of Civil Disobedience in Campus Activism38:31 Evaluating the Effectiveness of Campus Protests Through Polling Data43:07 Congressional Involvement in Campus Free Speech Issues50:48 The Anti-Semitism Awareness Act of 2023: A New Legal Battleground54:56 The Complexities of Free Speech and Political Expression on Campus59:17 Navigating the Tensions of Privacy and Free Speech01:03:42 The Role of Public Shaming and Cancel Culture in Free Speech Debates01:20:03 Nico Wants You To Ask Yourself This Question About Censorship01:23:58 Just Ask Us Questions: A Libertarian's Evolving Stance on Immigration