The transition from additive to multiplicative thinking has been argued to be one of the major barriers to learning mathematics in the middle years. Although multiplication as an expectation only begins to appear in the middle or junior division, the foundation for its understanding begins in kindergarten.

Patrick McLeod is from the Catholic DSB of Eastern Ontario and in this presentation he will look at the trajectory of learning as students move from subitizing (expectation in Full-Day Kindergarten) to binomial distribution (expectation in grade 10).