These guidelines are not about finding a perfectly secure solution but about practical, immediate possible actions with respect to email, instant messaging, voice and video chats, and other important security measures to consider.

The governance of an IXP can deeply affect its development. The difficulty of stating a clear management policy for IXP is the main challenge that limits the growth, sustainability and success of IXPs. In the past years, there have not been enough initiatives that support creating such policies for IXP management.

European telecommunication service providers are being pushed to pick up the pace regarding 5G adoption. However, the next-gen technology requires immense data capacity and transmission speeds, thus setting up the new infrastructure is no easy task for telcos.