With the rapid development of my country's economy, row upon row of high-rise buildings, the development of elevators has become an inevitable trend and the focus of attention. The elevator is not only an important equipment in the production process, but also a transportation equipment that people frequently ride and enjoy.
1. Development of environmental protection technology.
The world today has a very clear understanding of the relationship between survival and development: you cannot survive without being environmentally friendly, and there is no development without survival. The green concept has been deeply rooted in the hearts of the people around the world, and the green concept is the general trend of elevator development. Some experts predict that "whoever launches green products first and seizes the market will control the initiative in market competition." The main development trends are as follows: continuous improvement of product design, production of environmentally friendly elevators with low energy consumption, low noise, no oil leakage, no water leakage, no electromagnetic interference, and no oil pollution from the hoistway guide rail. Passenger elevator traction adopts nylon synthetic fiber traction rope, steel belt and other non-lubricating traction methods. Elevator decoration will use environmental pollution-free materials. The energy feedback technology of the elevator's no-load rise and full load down motor regenerative power generation. There is no need to install scaffolding when installing elevators. Elevator parts have no impact on the environment during production and use and the materials can be recycled.
2. Development of energy-saving technology.
(1) The permanent magnet synchronous gearless traction machine is directly driven, without worm gear or worm drive. The permanent magnet synchronous motor does not have the very space-consuming stator coil required by the asynchronous motor, and the main material for making the permanent magnet synchronous motor is high energy The density of neodymium iron boron with high remanence induction and high coercivity generally has an air gap magnetic density of more than 0.75T, so it can be small in size and light in weight.
(2) High transmission efficiency. Due to the direct drive of permanent magnet synchronous motors, the transmission efficiency can be increased by 20% to 30%.
(3) Permanent magnet synchronous gearless traction machine because there is no noise generated by the bearing when an asynchronous motor is running at high speed and there is no noise generated by the worm gear contact transmission, so the noise of the whole machine can be reduced by 5?10db (A ).
(4) Low energy consumption. From the working principle of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, it can be known that the excitation is realized by the permanent magnet, and the stator does not need to provide additional excitation current, so the power factor of the motor can reach very high. At the same time, there is no current through the rotor of the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and there is no rotor loss problem. Generally, the loss is reduced by 45%?60% compared with asynchronous motors. Since there is no low-efficiency and high-energy consumption worm gear pair, energy consumption is further reduced.
(5) Permanent magnet synchronous gearless traction machine does not have the problem of tooth profile wear and does not need to replace the lubricating oil regularly, so it has a long service life and basically does not require maintenance. In the near future, if the cost of producing permanent magnet synchronous motors can be solved as soon as possible, permanent magnet synchronous gearless traction machines will replace the traction machine composed of worm gear and asynchronous motors. Of course, superconducting force drag technology and magnetic levitation drive technology will also be applied to elevators in the future.
The rated power of the elevator traction motor is designed according to the maximum output power of the traction motor when the car is fully loaded or unloaded. When the car and counterweight are in the same working condition, the traction motor only needs to overcome the static pressure friction on the traction sheave in theory, and its output power does not reach full load and there is still margin under the premise that the motor power remains unchanged. , When the car and counterweight are in the same working condition, the elevator running speed can be relatively increased according to the number of passengers. Compared with the traditional elevator running at rated speed, the use of variable speed technology can appropriately increase the elevator speed (the original elevator speed can be increased by about 1.6 times). This relatively reduces the waiting and boarding time of passengers, which is also a contribution to energy conservation and environmental protection.
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