Definition Three-Legged Stool (15-30-40 rule) Cardiopulmonary Reserve (VO2) Patients with a VO2 max < 10 mL/kg/min are at very high risk [Bechard D et al. Ann Thorac Surg 44: 344, 1987; Bollinger CT et al. Chest 108: 341, 1995], and 15 mL/kg/min may be a reasonable cutoff [Miller’s Anesthesia, 7th ed. 2009. p 1821] Stair […]