IRRIGANTS
Volume of irrigation – must be used in copious amount - most important factor
Irrigants reduce the surface tension in the canal.
NaOCl, EDTA, H2O2, CHX, MTAD, Urea Peroxide

1. SODIUM HYPOCHLORITE
   ¤ Most widely used irrigant
   ¤ Most effective irrigant
   ¤ 5.25% conc. – market 5% available
   ¤ Adv / properties
2. it has disinfectant & effervescent*
3. Tissue dissolvent – coagulation of protein
4. Antimicrobial properties
   ¤ Disadv – does not remove smear layer
   ¤ NaOCl Accident- toxic to vital tissue- always use rubber dam
   ¤ Don’t push apically- Periapical damage due to the tissue dissolving property

SMEAR LAYER –
- Layer seen on the dentinal walls after cavity prep or BMP
- Contains salivary proteins from mouth, fresh–cut dentine debris from debridement, bacteria in the infected canal
- It closes the open dentinal tubules – occluding them thereby
- It is protective in restoration to reduce sensitivity from the chemicals in the restorative material
- But for RCT, composite, retention of the material will be affected.