Audio version of web page: https://www.animal-ethics.org/wild-animal-suffering-section/situation-of-animals-wild/malnutrition-thirst-wild-animals/
One of the most important factors limiting the growth of animal populations is the lack of food and water, which can kill huge numbers of animals. We can imagine how much suffering this entails. One of the reasons why many animals have huge numbers of offspring is in order to make it possible that at least some of them can find food and survive, even if it means many others starve to death.