Episode 1 of a new podcast amplifying indigenous voices and providing context for contemporary events in California. This episode discusses the El Camino Real bells & Mission bells, their impact and legacy, and the movement for their removal. 30 minutes.

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For more information: https://removethebells.org/

Interviews were recorded by Martin Rizzo-Martinez & Alexii Sigona

Audio engineering and editing by Daniel Stonebloom

Music in this episode was created by Bernard Gordillo & Hilson Parker

The title of today’s episode comes from the work of Grzegorz Welizarowicz, who uses the term “instruments of colonization” in his piece "California Mission Bells: Listening Against the 'Fantasy Heritage'" published in 2016 in Beyond Philology https://fil.ug.edu.pl/sites/default/files/nodes/strona-filologiczny/33797/files/beyondphilologyno13.pdf#page=239

An article by Renya K. Ramirez & Valentin Lopez called "Valentin Lopez, Healing, and Decolonization: Contesting Mission Bells, El Camino Real, and California Governor Newsom" appears here: https://airc.ucsc.edu/resources/suggested-article-1

Ann E. Danis' work "Franciscans, Russians, and Indians on the International Borders of Alta California" (with Kent Lightfoot) can be found here: https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5b678ece45776e847bf9e8c2/t/5bda2fa96d2a73d30db67ec6/1541025714281/Lightfoot+and+Danis+2018++Franciscans%2C+Russians%2C+and+Indians+on+the+International+Border+of+Alta+California+%281%29.pdf