The UN biodiversity conference, known as COP15, is currently underway in Montreal, Canada. The meeting is focused on reaching an agreement on specific targets for the world during the coming decade in reversing biodiversity loss. How close are we to a breakthrough? As chair of the negotiations, does China have the will, leadership and expertise to make that happen? Is China's performance setting an example for stemming biodiversity loss? And what challenges does the world face in meeting the new biodiversity targets after failing old ones set for the last decade?