Population-based studies indicate that we all face a 3-5% lifetime risk of one seizure but only about 30% of those people will go onto have epilepsy.  A first seizure caused by an acute disturbance of brain function (acute symptomatic or provoked) is unlikely to recur. If a first seizure is unprovoked, however, meta-analyses suggest that 30% (even up to 50%) will recur; and after a second unprovoked seizure, 70-80% will recur, justifying the diagnosis of epilepsy.

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