In this lesson, you should pay close attention to the following:
1) two "heart words" - ตั้งใจ and ชอบใจ
2) the "irregular" spelling (and pronounciation) of ชาติ and สัตว์.
The short "i" vowel above a word-final ต is not pronounced. Likewise, the final ว with the superscript "karan" is silent.
The noun ตน refers to the self, "me, mine, myself."
Two discontinuous constructions indicating that an "agent" is doing something for a recipient so they can act on the stimulus --- teaching someone so that they can sing; telling someone so they can listen; reading to so someone so they can listen" are found in
สอนให้นักเรียนร้องเพลง