[New Entry by Thomas Mulligan on August 3, 2023.] Understood literally, a meritocracy is a society in which influence (of some sort) is possessed on the basis of merit (whatever that means). Meritocracy is of perennial interest and has shaped - for good or ill - political, economic, and cultural life in the East and the West. Yet meritocracy has received little direct philosophical attention. As David Miller puts it,...