Book of Concord | Confident.Faith: Recent Episodes
Confident.Faith
Readings* Psalm 51 * 1 Samuel 26:1–25 * 1 Corinthians 5:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:82–88
Readings* Psalm 14 * Psalm 53 * 1 Samuel 25:23–44 * 1 Corinthians 4:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:74–81 CommemorationToday we commemorate Lawrence, Deacon and Martyr. Most likely born in Spain, Lawrence eventually made his way to Rome and became chief of the seven deacons of the Church. Having control over Church property and finances, Lawrence was called before the Roman emperor, who believed the Church possessed valuable items that could be confiscated, and commanded to produce the “treasures of the Church”. In response, Lawrence brought before the emperor the poor who had benefited from Christian charity. The emperor jailed Lawerence and eventually ordered him executed — by gridiron.
Readings* Psalm 94 * 1 Samuel 25:1–22 * 1 Corinthians 3:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:68–73
Readings* Psalm 62 * 1 Samuel 24:1–22 * 1 Corinthians 1:26—2:16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:62–67
Readings* Psalm 144 * 1 Samuel 20:24–42 * 1 Corinthians 1:1–25 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:58–61
Readings* Psalm 92 * 1 Samuel 20:1–23 * Acts 28:16–31 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:51–57
Readings* Psalm 21 * 1 Samuel 19:1–24 * Acts 28:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:45–50
Readings* Psalm 56 * 1 Samuel 18:10–30 * Acts 27:27–44 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:38–44
Readings* Psalm 68 * 1 Samuel 17:48—18:9 * Acts 27:9–26 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:26–37 CommemorationToday we commemorate Joanna, Mary, and Salome, the three faithful women who visited Christ’s tomb early on the morning of the first Easter. These women bore myrrh and others items to dress the body of Christ, but instead found the tomb empty, Christ having risen. These women serve as examples of humble service to our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 98 * 1 Samuel 17:20–47 * Acts 26:24—27:8 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:15–25
Readings* Psalm 70 * Psalm 75 * 1 Samuel 17:1–19 * Acts 26:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:9–14
Readings* Psalm 80 * 1 Samuel 16:1–23 * Acts 25:13–27 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:1–8 CommemorationToday we commemorate Joseph of Arimathea. A wealthy man from the village of Arimathea, Joseph owned an unused tomb in the vicinity of Golgotha, where Christ was crucified. A devout man, and member of the Sanhedrin, Joseph was eagerly awaiting the Kingdom of God. In contrast to many who fled for fear of the Jews, Joseph went to Pilate and requested the body of Christ, and, together with Nicodemus, placed the body in the tomb.
Readings* Psalm 50 * Psalm 130 * 1 Samuel 15:10–35 * Acts 24:24—25:12 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:115–121 CommemorationToday we commemorate Robert Barnes, Confessor and Martyr. Born in England in the late 1400s, Robert Barnes studied theology and eventually became a prior of the Augustinian monastery at Cambridge. Exiled to Germany, partly for distributing Bibles in English and for having converted to Lutheranism, Dr. Barnes would meet Martin Luther in Wittenberg, and the two would become friends. Upon his return to England, Dr. Barnes would share his Lutheran faith with King Henry VIII, who was initially receptive. However, changing political and ecclesiastical winds in England would eventually spell Dr. Barnes’ downfall. On 30 July 1540, Robert Barnes was burned at the stake on a charge of heresy, becoming one of the first Lutheran martyrs. Luther would later publish Barnes’ confession of faith, noting of Barnes that he was “[a] good, pious dinner guest and houseguest … [a] holy martyr, St. Robert Barnes.”
Readings* Psalm 119:41–48 * Psalm 13 * 1 Samuel 14:47—15:9 * Acts 24:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:107–114 CommemorationToday we commemorate Mary, Martha, and Lazarus of Bethany, whose faith is recorded in the Gospels. When Lazarus died, Jesus raised him from the dead and spoke to Martha, Lazarus’s sister: “I am the resurrection and the life; whoever believes in Me, though he die, yet shall he live, and everyone who lives and believes in Me shall never die.” Later, shortly before Jesus was crucified, Mary anointed His feet with oil and wiped them with her hair — unknowingly readying Christ for burial.
Readings* Psalm 59 * Psalm 57 * 1 Samuel 13:1–18 * Acts 23:12–35 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:98–106
Readings* Psalm 119:17–24 * Psalm 141 * 1 Samuel 12:1–25 * Acts 22:30—23:11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:88–97
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 70 * 1 Samuel 10:1–27 * Acts 22:17–29 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:86–87
Readings Psalm 63 * Psalm 149 * 1 Samuel 9:1–27 * Acts 21:37—22:16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:75–85 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. James the Elder, Apostle*. St. James, and his brother St. John, sons of Zebedee, were fishermen on the Sea of Galilee. Together with St. Peter and his brother St. Andrew, James and John were called to be disciples of Christ. Along with Peter and John, James formed a sort of ‘inner circle’ amongst the Twelve. In Acts, it is recorded that James was beheaded by Herod Agrippa I, thus making James the first among the Twelve to die a martyr.
Readings* Psalm 24 * 1 Samuel 8:1–22 * Acts 21:15–36 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:61–74
Readings* Psalm 119:113–120 * Psalm 141 * 1 Samuel 6:19—7:17 * Acts 19:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:48–60
Readings* Psalm 137 * Psalm 56 * 1 Samuel 5:1—6:16 * Acts 18:1–28 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:36–47 CommemorationToday we commemorate St. Mary Magdalene. Present at the crucifixion, Mary Magdalene had become a follower of Jesus when He cast out seven demons from her. She was also the first to see Jesus alive again after the crucifixion. The Church has long identified her with the woman who anointed Jesus’ feet with oil.
Readings* Psalm 106 * 1 Samuel 4:1–22 * Acts 16:23–40 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:22–35
Readings* Psalm 119:57–64 * Psalm 115 * 1 Samuel 3:1–21 * Acts 16:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:12–21 CommemorationToday we commemorate Elijah. Prophet to the Northern Kingdom of Israel, largely during the reign of Ahab, Elijah condemned the Baal worship that had been promoted by Ahab’s wife, Jezebel. Through Elijah, God performed many miracles, demonstrating both Elijah’s status as a true prophet and the truth of Elijah’s message condemning Israel’s idolatry. At the end of his earthly life, Elijah was taken up to Heaven in a fiery chariot.
Readings* Psalm 82 * Psalm 136 * 1 Samuel 2:18–36 * Acts 15:22–41 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession III, IV:1–11
Readings* Psalm 20 * Psalm 131 * 1 Samuel 1:21—2:17 * Galatians 6:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession II:35–51
Readings* Psalm 92 * 1 Samuel 1:1–20 * Galatians 5:1–26 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession II:23–34
Readings* Psalm 21 * Judges 16:4–30 * Galatians 4:12–31 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession II:5–22 CommemorationToday we commemorate Ruth. A native of Moab, and therefore not a natural descendant of Abraham, Ruth is the subject of the biblical book that bears her name and a study in God’s grace. During a famine in Israel, Elimelech and Naomi of Bethlehem moved to Moab with their two sons; the sons married Moabite women and then a decade or so later died, leaving the women as widows. Naomi told her daughters-in-law to return to their people, but Ruth refused, stating: “Where you go I will go, and where you lodge I will lodge. Your people shall be my people, and your God my God.” After arriving in Bethlehem, Boaz, a relative of Naomi, agreed to marry Ruth and become her ‘redeemer’. Ruth gave birth to Obed, grandfather of Kind David, making Ruth great-grandmother to one of OT Israel’s most famous kings and an ancestress of Christ.
Readings* Psalm 33 * Psalm 27 * Judges 15:1—16:3 * Galatians 3:23—4:11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession I, II:1–4
Readings* Psalm 119:1–8 * Psalm 1 * Judges 14:1–20 * Galatians 3:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, Introduction: 1–19
Readings* Psalm 71 * Judges 13:1–25 * Galatians 2:1–21 * Augsburg Confession, Conclusion
Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 108 * Judges 7:1–23 * Galatians 1:1–24 * Augsburg Confession XXVIII:61–78
Readings* Psalm 125 * Psalm 7 * Judges 6:1–24 * Acts 14:19—15:5 * Augsburg Confession XXVIII:30–42
Readings* Psalm 138 * Psalm 86 * Judges 4:1–24 * Acts 14:1–18 * Augsburg Confession XXVIII:19–29
Readings* Psalm 16 * Psalm 139 * Judges 3:7–31 * Acts 13:42–52 * Augsburg Confession XXVIII:1–18
Readings* Psalm 2 * Psalm 78 * Judges 2:6–23 * Acts 13:13–41 * Augsburg Confession XXVII:44–62
Readings* Psalm 100 * Psalm 5 * Joshua 24:1–31 * Acts 13:1–12 * Augsburg Confession XXVII:24–43 CommemorationToday we commemorate Isaiah. Isaiah, son of Amos, numbers amongst the greatest of the Old Testament prophets, and is quoted more than any other in the New Testament. A contemporary of Amos, Hosea, and Micah, Isaiah prophesied to the people of Judah between about 740 and 700 BC. No Old Testament prophet more clearly prophesied about the coming of the Christ and His Kingdom. In the words of John, Isaiah ‘saw Jesus’ glory and spoke of Him’.
Readings* Psalm 68 * Psalm 149 * Joshua 23:1–16 * Acts 12:1–25 * Augsburg Confession XXVII:1–23
Readings* Psalm 50 * Psalm 113 * Joshua 10:1–25 * Acts 11:19–30 * Augsburg Confession XXVI:21–45
Readings* Psalm 84 * Psalm 45 * Joshua 8:1–28 * Acts 11:1–18 * Augsburg Confession XXVI:1–20
Readings* Psalm 51 * Psalm 60 * Joshua 7:1–26 * Acts 10:34–48 * Augsburg Confession XXV
Readings* Psalm 47 * Psalm 75 * Joshua 6:6–27 * Acts 10:18–33 * Augsburg Confession XXIV:21–41
Readings* Psalm 114 * Psalm 144 * Joshua 5:1—6:5 * Acts 10:1–17 * Augsburg Confession XXIV:1–20
Readings* Psalm 103 * Joshua 4:1–24 * Acts 9:23–43 * Augsburg Confession XXIII CommemorationToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Peter and St. Paul, Apostles. Early Christian tradition holds that Ss. Peter and Paul were martyred on the same day in Rome under the persecution of Nero. In addition to their joint commemoration on June 29th (a festival the Church has observed since the third century or so), Ss. Peter and Paul are also commemorated separately in the calendar — St. Peter on the 18th of January for his confession of Christ and St. Paul on the 25th of January for his conversion. Both Peter and Paul are held up in Scripture as examples of men who, although flawed, became staunch defenders of and evangelists for the faith.
Readings Psalm 51 * Joshua 2:1–24 * Acts 8:26–40 * Augsburg Confession XXI CommemorationToday we commemorate Cyril of Alexandria, Pastor and Confessor*. Cyril became Archbishop of Alexandria in AD 412. A true defender of the faith and orthodoxy, Cyril produced a number of writings dealing with various theological matters. Cyril’s Christology had a significant impact on later theologians. Additionally, Cyril defended the truth that it is proper to call Mary the “Mother of God” or Theotokos, the ‘God-bearer’.
Readings* Psalm 31 * Joshua 1:1–18 * Acts 8:1–25 * Augsburg Confession XX:19–40 CommemorationToday we commemorate Jeremiah. Prophet to the southern kingdom of Judah, Jeremiah predicted, witnessed, and lived through the Babylonian siege and destruction of Jerusalem. Through a lifetime of prophetic work, Jeremiah communicated God’s anger toward His rebellious people and often suffered at the hands of his countrymen. Although his death is unrecorded, it is believed that Jeremiah died in Egypt, after having been forcibly transported there.
Readings* Psalm 119:41–48 * Psalm 73 * Proverbs 31:10–31 * John 21:1–25 * Augsburg Confession XX:1–18 CommemorationToday we commemorate the Presentation of the Augsburg Confession. Presented to the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at Augsburg, Germany, on 25 June 1530, the Augsburg Confession presents the theology of the Lutheran Church and of the Reformation. At the heart of the Confession is justification by grace alone through faith alone for the sake of Christ alone — presented primarily in Article IV, often called the ‘article on which the Church stands or falls’. Through the Augsburg Confession, the Lutheran Reformers began the arduous task of removing the corruption that had crept into the Church over centuries and restoring to its rightful place the true core of Christianity: Justificatio Sola Gratia Sola Fide Solo Christo — justification by grace alone through faith alone by and through Christ alone.
Readings* Psalm 85 * Proverbs 30:1–33 * John 20:19–31 * Augsburg Confession XVII–XIX FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist. The birth of St. John the Baptist was announced, by an angel, to his father, Zechariah. Initially unbelieving, Zechariah was struck mute until his son was born, but then proclaimed a hymn of praise, the Benedictus — which traditionally serves as the Gospel Canticle in the Church’s Service of Morning Prayer. John’s life is known from all four of the Gospels. Preaching and baptizing in the wilderness near the Jordan River, John prepared the way for the Christ. Upon seeing Jesus, John announced to the crowds: “Behold, the Lamb of God, Who takes away the sins of the world!” Martyred by the Herodians, whose immoral lifestyle he denounced, John is remembered for his preaching which pointed to the coming Christ, the Lamb Who takes away the sins of the world.
Readings* Psalm 139 * Psalm 16 * Proverbs 27:1–24 * John 20:1–18 * Augsburg Confession XIV–XVI
Readings* Psalm 22 * Psalm 21 * Proverbs 24:1–22 * John 19:1–22 * Augsburg Confession IX–XI
Readings* Psalm 45 * Proverbs 22:22—23:12 * John 18:15–40 * Augsburg Confession VII–VIII
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 102 * Proverbs 22:1–21 * John 18:1–14 * Augsburg Confession V–VI
Readings* Psalm 147 * Proverbs 16:1–24 * John 16:1–16 * Augsburg Confession, Preface:12–24
Readings* Psalm 51 * Psalm 10 * Proverbs 15:1–29 * John 15:12–27 * Augsburg Confession, Preface:1–11
Readings* Psalm 66 * Proverbs 14:1–27 * John 15:1–11 * Small Catechism, Table of Duties II of II CommemorationToday we commemorate Elisha. Son of Shaphat from the tribe of Issachar, Elisha was the prophet of God to the Northern Kingdom of Israel for decades. A vocal opponent of Baal worship, Elisha, unlike his predecessor and mentor, Elijah, played an active role in political affairs. In the course of his ministry, Elisha performed many miracles, confirming his status as a prophet sent by God.
Readings* Psalm 68 * Psalm 85 * Proverbs 13:1–25 * John 14:18–31 * Small Catechism, Table of Duties I of II
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 101 * Proverbs 10:1–23 * John 14:1–17 * Small Catechism, Morning and Evening Prayer and Asking a Blessing and Returning Thanks CommemorationToday we commemorate the Ecumenical Council of Nicaea. Convoked in AD 325 by Roman Emperor Constantine, the Council of Nicaea ruled against the Arians, who taught that Jesus was not the eternal Son of God, but was a created being. The chief opponents of the Arians were Alexander, Bishop of Alexandria, and Athanasius, deacon to Alexander. It was at this council that an early version of the Nicene Creed was adopted — the full version being adopted in its entirety at the Council of Constantinople in AD 381.
Readings* Psalm 34 * Psalm 109 * Proverbs 9:1–18 * John 13:21–38 * Small Catechism VI FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Barnabas, Apostle. A Levite from Cyprus, Barnabas sold some land that he owned and donated the proceeds to the early Christian community in Jerusalem. Sent to oversee the Church in Antioch, Barnabas retrieved Paul from Tarsus and accompanied him back to Antioch, and from there to Paul’s first missionary journey. Tradition holds that Barnabas was martyred in Cyprus, by being stoned.
Readings* Psalm 119:9–16 * Psalm 118 * Proverbs 4:1–27 * John 12:1–19 * Small Catechism II
Readings* Psalm 119:169–176 * Psalm 89 * Proverbs 3:5–24 * John 11:38–57 * Small Catechism I
Readings Psalm 72 * Psalm 63 * Proverbs 1:8–33 * John 11:17–37 * Small Catechism, Preface:19–27 CommemorationToday we commemorate Boniface of Mainz, Missionary to the Germans*. Born in England, educated as a monk, and ordained a presbyter, Boniface decided to become a missionary. Granted a papal commission in AD 719, Boniface set to work planting, organizing, and reforming churches in Hesse, Thuringia, and Bavaria. In AD 743, now as an archbishop, Boniface was assigned to the See of Mainz. A little over a decade later, in AD 754, Boniface was martyred by a group of pagans while working in (what would become) the Netherlands. Boniface is remembered for his faith and his tireless work in spreading the Word to Germanic Europe.
Readings* Psalm 61 * Psalm 27 * Ecclesiastes 12:1–14 * John 11:1–16 * Small Catechism, Preface: 9–18
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 82 * Ecclesiastes 11:1–10 * John 10:22–42 * Small Catechism, Preface: 1–8
Readings* Psalm 9 * Psalm 23 * Ecclesiastes 10:1–20 * John 10:1–21 * Augsburg Confession, Preface
Readings Psalm 97 * Psalm 115 * Ecclesiastes 9:1–17 * John 9:24–41 * Treatise on the Power and Primacy of the Pope 68–82 CommemorationToday we commemorate Justin, Martyr*. Raised in a pagan family, Justin was a convert to Christianity who would become a Christian teacher in Ephesus and Rome. Arrested due to his refusal to make pagan sacrifices, Justin was tried and executed along with six other Christians. The record of the trial proceedings before Rusticius, a Roman prelate, documents Justin’s confession of faith, and served as a source of great encouragement for other believers.
Readings* Psalm 97 * Psalm 85 * Numbers 32:1–27 * Luke 24:1–27 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XII:39–40
Readings* Psalm 132 * Psalm 38 * Numbers 27:12–23 * Luke 23:26–56 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XII:28–38
Readings* Psalm 1 * Psalm 37 * Numbers 24:1–25 * Luke 23:1–25 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XII:1–27
Readings* Psalm 22 * Psalm 102 * Numbers 23:4–28 * Luke 22:47–71 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:94–96
Readings* Psalm 94 * Psalm 149 * Numbers 22:21—23:3 * Luke 22:24–46 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:87–93
Readings Psalm 128 * Psalm 72 * Numbers 22:1–20 * Luke 22:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:76–86 CommemorationToday we commemorate Bede the Venerable, Theologian*. Bede was the last of the Early Church Fathers. Placed in a monastery at the age of seven, Bede rarely left his monastery home and devoted his life to teaching and writing. A prolific writer, Bede produced both histories and theological works — his commentaries are still used today. Bede’s most well-known disciple, Cuthbert, reported that Bede was working on translating the Gospel of John at the time of his death. Bede is buried in Durham Cathedral.
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 58 * Numbers 21:10–35 * Luke 21:20–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:65–75
Readings* Psalm 116 * Psalm 109 * Numbers 20:22—21:9 * Luke 20:45—21:19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:53–64
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 110 * Numbers 20:1–21 * Luke 20:19–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:45–52
Readings Psalm 80 * Psalm 91 * Numbers 16:41—17:13 * Luke 20:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:38–44 CommemorationToday we commemorate Emperor Constantine, Christian Ruler, and Helena, Mother of Constantine*. Emperor Constantine converted from paganism to Christianity and became both a defender and a supporter of the Church. Pursuant to the Edict of Milan, issued in AD 313, persecution of Christians became illegal in the Roman Empire. And it was Constantine who called the Council of Nicaea in AD 325; it was this council that defined and defended orthodox Christianity. Helena, Constantine’s mother, took a particular interest in archaeology and in locating historical sites related to Christianity; she would become one of the first Christian pilgrims to the Holy Land, and she identified a number of Biblical sites — some of which are still, to this day, maintained as places of worship.
Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 9 * Numbers 16:23–40 * Luke 19:29–48 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:33–37
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 45 * Numbers 16:1–22 * Luke 19:11–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:27–32
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 142 * Numbers 14:26–45 * Luke 18:35—19:10 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:14–26
Readings* Psalm 81 * Psalm 9 * Numbers 14:1–25 * Luke 18:18–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:8–13
Readings* Psalm 119, vv 97–104 * Psalm 122 * Numbers 13:1–3, 17–33 * Luke 18:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:1–7
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 8 * Numbers 11:24–29; 12:1–16 * Luke 17:20–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration X:26–31
Readings* Psalm 130 * Psalm 47 * Numbers 11:1–23, 31–35 * Luke 17:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration X:19–25
Readings* Psalm 62 * Psalm 19 * Numbers 10:11–36 * Luke 16:19–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration X:13–18
Readings Psalm 103 * Psalm 70 * Numbers 8:5–26 * Luke 15:11–32 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IX, X:1–4 CommemorationToday we commemorate Cyril and Methodius, Missionaries to the Slavs*. Cyril and Methodius were brothers from a Greek family from Thessalonica. Ordained as priests, the brothers were sent, in AD 862, to what is today the Czech Republic, where they taught the Christian faith in the region’s native tongue. As part of this mission, Cyril created the alphabet that is today known as Cyrillic, in order to write down Scripture and liturgy. The use of the vernacular by Cyril and Methodius set an important precedent for future missionary work.
Readings* Psalm 85 * Psalm 18 * Numbers 9:1–23 * Luke 16:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration X:5–12
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 60 * Numbers 3:1–48 * Luke 14:25—15:10 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:88–96
Readings* Psalm 63 * Psalm 78 * Leviticus 26:21–44 * Luke 14:1–24 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:85–87 CommemorationToday we commemorate Job. Job was a blameless and upright man from Uz — a land north of Canaan. God permitted Job to be severely tested, and Job held steadfast to his faith in his Redeemer and in the Resurrection. At the end of the Book of Job, God explains that it is not for man to know the mysteries of God. We commemorate Job for his staunch faith and as a model of Christian suffering.
Readings* Psalm 119:33–40 * Psalm 81 * Leviticus 26:1–20 * Luke 13:18–35 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:77–84
Readings Psalm 52 * Psalm 107 * Leviticus 24:1–23 * Luke 12:54—13:17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:71-76 CommemorationToday we commemorate C. F. W. Walther, Theologian*. Father of the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod, Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm Walther emigrated from Saxony in Germany with other Lutherans in 1839. Settling in Missouri, he served as pastor of several congregations in St. Louis, founded Concordia Seminary, and was instrumental in the formation of the LCMS in 1847. Walther would serve as president of the Synod from 1847 to 1850 and then again from 1864 to 1878. Walther worked tirelessly to promote Confessional Lutheranism in the US. A prolific writer and speaker, Walther’s works are still widely used today, particularly including his book on the distinction between Law and Gospel.
Readings* Psalm 116 * Psalm 123 * Leviticus 23:23–44 * Luke 12:35–53 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:66–70
Readings Psalm 127 * Psalm 92 * Leviticus 23:1–22 * Luke 12:13–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:61–65 CommemorationToday we commemorate Friedrich the Wise, Christian Ruler*. Elector of Saxony from 1486 to 1525, Friedrich the Wise was instrumental to the Reformation. Although he never met Luther, Friedrich aided Luther significantly, including refusing to extradite Luther when the pope demanded it in 1518 and arranging for Luther to be ‘kidnapped’ and safely hidden in Wartburg Castle after the Diet of Worms. Beloved of his subjects, Friedrich was called “the Wise” for his sense of fairness and his justice. Upon his deathbed, Friedrich received the Lord’s Supper in both kinds — a clear confession of his Lutheran faith.
Readings Psalm 31 * Psalm 25 * Leviticus 21:1–24 * Luke 12:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:53–60 CommemorationToday we commemorate Friedrich Wyneken, Pastor and Missionary*. Along with C. F. W. Walther and Wilhelm Sihler, Friedrich Wyneken was one of the founding fathers of the LCMS. Born in Germany in 1810, Wyneken came to Baltimore, Maryland, in 1838, and then accepted a call to Friedheim and Fort Wayne in Indiana. During his life, Wyneken would serve as missionary in Indiana, Ohio, and Michigan, including among the Amerindian population; would help found — along with Wilhelm Loehe and Sihler — Concordia Theological Seminary in Fort Wayne; and would serve as the second president of the LCMS. Wyneken is remembered for his dedication to preaching and spreading the Word of God and for his commitment to right doctrine and the Lutheran faith.
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 150 * Leviticus 20:1–27 * Luke 11:37–54 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:46–52
Readings Psalm 36 * Psalm 39 * Leviticus 19:9–37 * Luke 11:14–36 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:38–45 CommemorationToday we commemorate Athanasius of Alexandria, Pastor and Confessor*. Born in Alexandria around AD 295, Athanasius would later serve as bishop of that city — a post he held for forty-five years. At the Council of Nicaea in AD 325, Athanasius defended Christian orthodoxy against the Arian heretics. Exiled five times and nearly murdered twice, Athanasius remained steadfast in his faith and lived his final days restored to his ecclesiastical office. The Athanasian Creed is named in his honor, because it confesses the truth of the divinity of Christ, which Athanasius championed during his life.
Readings* Psalm 119:1–8 * Psalm 116 * Leviticus 18:1—19:8 * Luke 11:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:31–37 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Philip and St. James, Apostles. St. Philip, from Bethsaida in Galilee, was one of the first disciples called by Christ. In turn, Philip would bring Nathanael to Jesus. According to tradition, Philip labored and died in Phrygia. St. James, son of Alphaeus and Mary (one of the faithful women who stood at the foot of the cross), is little mentioned in the New Testament and there are no sure records concerning his work after the resurrection or his death. We commemorate these two men as followers of and workers for Jesus Christ, our Lord.
Readings* Psalm 17 * Psalm 89 * Leviticus 17:1–16 * Luke 10:23–42 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:23–30
Readings* Psalm 19 * Psalm 50 * Leviticus 16:1–24 * Luke 10:1–22 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:16–22
Readings* Psalm 25 * Psalm 141 * Leviticus 10:1–20 * Luke 9:37–62 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:7–15
Readings* Psalm 119:129–138 * Psalm 96 * Leviticus 9:1–24 * Luke 9:18–36 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:1–6
Readings* Psalm 45 * Psalm 132 * Leviticus 8:1–36 * Luke 9:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:124–128
Readings* Psalm 41 * Psalm 76 * Exodus 40:17–38 * Luke 8:40–56 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:116–123 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Mark, Evangelist. Author of the second Gospel, Mark was originally from Jerusalem, where his mother’s home served as the center of the Church in that city. Mark would accompany Paul and Barnabas from Jerusalem to Antioch and then from Antioch on Paul’s first missionary journey. Barnabas would then go on a second missionary journey with Mark to Cyprus. Tradition holds that Mark was instrumental in founding the Church in Alexandria, where he served as the first bishop and died a martyr’s death.
Readings Psalm 107 * Psalm 115 * Exodus 39:32—40:16 * Luke 8:22–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:107–115 CommemorationToday we commemorate Johann Walter, Kantor*. Having begun his service — as a composer and bass singer — in the court of Frederick the Wise at the age of twenty-one, Johann Walter would go on to publish a collection of hymns that would become the basis of many subsequent hymnals. Walter would serve for a total of thirty years as kantor in the cities of Torgau and Dresden. Additionally, he aided Martin Luther in the preparation of the German Mass.
Readings* Psalm 119:145–152 * Psalm 20 * Exodus 38:21—39:31 * Luke 8:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:104–106
Readings* Psalm 84 * Psalm 23 * Exodus 34:29—35:21 * Luke 7:36–50 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:91–103
Readings Psalm 86 * Psalm 34 * Exodus 34:1–28 * Luke 7:18–35 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:85–90 CommemorationToday we commemorate Anselm of Canterbury, Theologian. Born in Italy, St. Anselm is most strongly and closely associated with England, where he served as Archbishop of Canterbury for many years. A brilliant scholar and writer, Anselm is best remembered for his work Why God Became Man*, which professes Christ crucified for sinners.
Readings Psalm 80 * Psalm 27 * Exodus 33:1–23 * Luke 7:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:77–84 CommemorationToday we commemorate Johannes Bugenhagen, Pastor*. Appointed pastor of Wittenberg in 1523, due to the efforts of Martin Luther, Bugenhagen would serve for several decades in that post. During this time, Bugenhagen would help translate the New Testament (into Low German), write a commentary on the Psalms, and help to organize the Lutheran Church in Germany and Denmark. After Luther’s death, Bugenhagen would help care for Luther’s widow and children.
Readings* Psalm 119:49–56 * Psalm 79 * Exodus 32:15–35 * Luke 6:39–49 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:73–76
Readings* Psalm 106 * Psalm 68 * Exodus 32:1–14 * Luke 6:20–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:69–72
Readings* Psalm 92 * Exodus 31:1–18 * Luke 6:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:62–68
Readings* Psalm 119:25–32 * Psalm 9 * Exodus 25:1–22 * Luke 5:17–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:59–61
Readings* Psalm 99 * Psalm 79 * Exodus 24:1–18 * Luke 5:1–16 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:52–58
Readings* Psalm 26 * Psalm 41 * Exodus 23:14–33 * Luke 4:31–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:48–51
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 103 * Exodus 22:20—23:13 * Luke 4:16–30 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:42–47
Readings* Psalm 119:9–16 * Psalm 91 * Exodus 20:1–24 * Luke 4:1–15 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:35–41
Readings* Psalm 30 * Psalm 68 * Exodus 19:1–25 * Hebrews 13:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:28–34
Readings* Psalm 145 * Psalm 94 * Exodus 18:5–27 * Hebrews 12:1–24 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:17–27
Readings* Psalm 114 * Psalm 136 * Exodus 17:1–16 * Hebrews 11:1–29 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:9–16
Readings* Psalm 134 * Psalm 135 * Exodus 16:13–35 * Hebrews 10:19–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:1–8
Readings* Psalm 81 * Psalm 40 * Exodus 15:19—16:12 * Hebrews 10:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VI:21–26
Readings Psalm 13 * Psalm 59 * Exodus 15:1–18 * Hebrews 9:1–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VI:15–20 CommemorationToday we commemorate Lucas Cranach and Albrecht Dürer, Artists*. A close friend of Martin Luther, Lucas Cranach is best known for his altarpieces and woodcuts. Albrecht Dürer, an admirer of Martin Luther, is best known for his paintings and woodcuts. We remember these men for their contributions both to art and to the faith, as many of their works depicted religious stories and themes. The Church has a long history of employing skilled artisans and of using artwork to bring Biblical truth to the masses.
Readings* Psalm 96 * Psalm 107 * Exodus 14:10–31 * Hebrews 7:23—8:13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VI:7–14
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 76 * Psalm 102 * Exodus 13:17—14:9 * Hebrews 7:1–22 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VI:1–6
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 136 * Psalm 51 * Exodus 12:29—13:16 * Hebrews 6:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration V:23–27
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 110 * Psalm 38 * Exodus 12:1–28 * Hebrews 5:1–14 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration V:16–22
Readings* Psalm 89 * Psalm 32 * Exodus 10:21—11:10 * Hebrews 4:1–16 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration V:11–15
Readings* Psalm 88 * Psalm 77 * Psalm 6 * Exodus 9:29—10:20 * Hebrews 3:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration V:7–10
Readings* Psalm 35 * Psalm 71 * Psalm 143 * Exodus 9:1–28 * Hebrews 2:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration V:1–6
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 45 * Psalm 130 * Exodus 8:1–32 * Hebrews 1:1–14 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:37–40
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 51 * Exodus 7:1–25 * Mark 16:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:33–36
Readings* Psalm 22 * Psalm 38 * Exodus 5:1—6:1 * Mark 15:33–47 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:21–32
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 32 * Exodus 4:19–31 * Mark 15:16–32 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:14–20
Readings* Psalm 18 * Psalm 23 * Psalm 6 * Exodus 4:1–18 * Mark 15:1–15 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:6–13 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Annunciation of Our Lord. The angel Gabriel appeared to Mary and announced that she had found favor with the Lord and would bear a son. The same Spirit that hovered over the water back in Genesis would “come upon” and “overshadow” Mary, and conceive in her virgin womb Christ, our Lord and Savior. The Ancient Church believed the crucifixion took place on the 25th, and so we celebrate the Annunciation on the same day, as the day of one’s conception and the day of one’s death were linked in antiquity.
Readings Psalm 39 * Psalm 5 * Psalm 143 * Exodus 2:23—3:22 * Mark 14:53–72 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:1–5 CommemorationToday we commemorate St. Simon of Trent, Martyr*. Murdered by Jews in Trent (now Trento in northern Italy), St. Simon was not quite three years old when he died. Jews in the city of Trent kidnapped and murdered St. Simon via exsanguination as part of their religious rituals connected to the Jewish Passover. His body was discovered by a Christian servant who reported the matter to the local authorities. Subsequent to a papal investigation, fifteen Jews were sentenced to death and burned at the stake for the murder. St. Simon serves as a reminder that God’s children will always be hated and attacked by those who have rejected God and serve another master.
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 116 * Psalm 130 * Exodus 2:1–22 * Mark 14:32–52 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:59–67
Readings* Psalm 129 * Psalm 81 * Psalm 102 * Exodus 1:1–22 * Mark 14:12–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:54–58
Readings* Psalm 44 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 49:29—50:26 * Mark 14:1–11 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:44–53
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 17 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 47:1–31 * Mark 13:24–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:36–43
Readings* Psalm 82 * Psalm 18 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 45:1–28 * Mark 13:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:30–35
Readings* Psalm 26 * Psalm 16 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 44:1–34 * Mark 12:28–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:24–29
Readings Psalm 37 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 43:1–28 * Mark 12:13–27 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:18–23 CommemorationToday we commemorate St. Patrick, Missionary to Ireland*. Born around AD 389 in Britain, St. Patrick is one of the best known saints. Captured by raiders as a teenager, he was transported to Ireland and forced to work as a shepherd. After escaping from captivity and living in France (as a monk), he returned to Ireland to spread the Gospel. Tradition holds that St. Patrick died on 17 March around the year AD 466.
Readings* Psalm 3 * Psalm 7 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 42:1–38 * Mark 12:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:8–17
Readings* Psalm 60 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 41:28–57 * Mark 11:20–33 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:1–7
Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 41:1–27 * Mark 11:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:84–90
Readings* Psalm 49 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 40:1–23 * Mark 10:32–52 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:74–83
Readings* Psalm 106 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 39:1–23 * Mark 10:13–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:67–73
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 37:1–36 * Mark 10:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:61–66
Readings* Psalm 105 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 35:1–29 * Mark 9:33–50 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:55–60
Readings* Psalm 38 * Psalm 54 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 29:1–30 * Mark 9:14–32 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:48–54
Readings* Psalm 129 * Psalm 79 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 27:30—28:22 * Mark 9:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:39–47
Readings Psalm 2 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 27:1–29 * Mark 8:22–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:27–38 CommemorationToday we commemorate Perpetua and Felicitas, Martyrs*. In the third century AD, Roman Emperor Septimus Severus forbade converting to Christianity. Among the many who disobeyed his edict were Perpetua and Felicitas, a noblewoman and her maidservant. During their imprisonment, they witnessed to others in prison, even the jailer, who himself became a Christian. Executed on 07 March 203, Perpetua and Felicitas are remembered for the firmness of their faith — even unto death.
Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 24:32–67 * Mark 8:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:24–26
Readings* Psalm 28 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 24:1–31 * Mark 7:24–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:18–23
Readings* Psalm 66 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 22:1–19 * Mark 7:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:14–17
Readings* Psalm 126 * Psalm 127 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 21:1–21 * Mark 6:35–56 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:9–13
Readings* Psalm 91 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 18:1–15 * Mark 6:14–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:5–8
Readings* Psalm 139 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 16:1—17:22 * Mark 6:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:1–4
Readings* Psalm 32 * Psalm 3 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 15:1–21 * Mark 5:21–43 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:58–62
Readings* Psalm 73 * Psalm 133 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 13:1–18 * Mark 5:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:50–57
Readings* Psalm 107 * Psalm 47 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 11:27—12:20 * Mark 4:21–41 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:43–49
Readings* Psalm 74 * Psalm 126 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 8:13—9:17 * Mark 4:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:33–42
Readings* Psalm 104 * Psalm 124 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 7:11—8:12 * Mark 3:20–35 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:16–32 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Matthias, Apostle. A lesser-known apostle, Matthias was one of the seventy-two sent out by Jesus and was selected by lot to replace Judas. Early Church tradition is split on Matthias, with some contending that he journeyed to Ethiopia and others contending he journeyed to Armenia. However, it is in Trier, Germany, at the Church of St. Matthias, that the body of the apostle is interred. He is the only apostle buried in Europe north of the Alps.
Readings Psalm 2 * Psalm 77 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 6:1—7:5 * Mark 3:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:5–15 CommemorationToday we commemorate Polycarp of Smyrna, Pastor and Martyr. A disciple of John, Polycarp was bishop of Smyrna for many years before he was arrested, tried, and executed for his faith in approximately AD 155. The Martyrdom of Polycarp*, an eyewitness narrative, continues to encourage believers, particularly in times of persecution, even to this day.
Readings* Psalm 79 * Psalm 42 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 4:1–26 * Mark 2:18–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:1–4
Readings* Psalm 12 * Psalm 14 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 3:1–24 * Mark 2:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Summary, Foundation, Rule, and Norm, 14–20
Readings* Psalm 9 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 2:4–25 * Mark 1:29–45 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Summary, Foundation, Rule, and Norm, 9–13
Readings* Psalm 8 * Psalm 128 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 1:20—2:3 * Mark 1:14–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Summary, Foundation, Rule, and Norm, 1–8
Readings* Psalm 136 * Psalm 90 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 1:1–19 * Mark 1:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Introduction ObservationToday we observe Ash Wednesday. During the forty days of Lent, the baptized children of God cleanse their hearts through repentance, prayer, fasting, almsgiving, and the like. During Lent, we prepare our hearts for the Paschal Feast — Easter. Traditional Christian denominations will hold services that include the imposition of ashes. The ashes remind us of the wages of sin, of Christ’s atoning sacrifice, and of our mortality:
“[F]or dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.”
CommemorationToday we commemorate Martin Luther, Doctor and Confessor. Born on 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, Germany, Martin Luther originally studied law. After a close brush with death during a storm, Luther switched to studying theology and entered an Augustinian monastery in 1505, when he was twenty-one years old. Luther received his doctorate in theology in 1512. Teaching at the newly established University of Wittenberg, Luther began to question some of the doctrines of Rome. Luther’s investigation of the Scriptures and of Roman doctrine led to the posting of the “Ninety-Five Theses” on the door of Castle Church in Wittenberg — the spark that started the Reformation.
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 77 * Job 13:1–12 * John 6:1–21 * Smalcald Articles III:IX–XIII
Readings* Psalm 57 * Psalm 1 * Job 11:1–20 * John 5:19–29 * Smalcald Articles III:IV–VII CommemorationToday we commemorate Philemon and Onesimus. Onesimus was a slave, owned by Philemon, who ran away from his master. Somehow, Onesimus came into contact with Paul while Paul was in prison. At the urging of Paul, and with an accompanying letter, Onesimus returned to his master. In his letter, Paul urged Philemon to receive Onesimus as a beloved brother, instead of as a runaway slave, as one might expect; however, Paul also, notably, did not command or ask Philemon to free Onesimus.
Readings Psalm 119:153–160 * Psalm 35 * Job 10:1–22 * John 5:1–18 * Smalcald Articles III:III:29–45 CommemorationToday we commemorate Valentine, Martyr*. Executed under Emperor Claudius on account of his refusal to renounce the Christian faith, Valentine has long been remembered in the Western Church as an example for all Christians. Today, Valentine’s Day continues to celebrate Valentine, and the tradition of exchanging written expressions of love derives from a note with words of encouragement that Valentine wrote for one of the children of his jailer. Even the irregularity of the shape of the piece of paper on which Valentine wrote his note has carried forward, after a fashion, into modern commemorations on Valentine’s Day.
Readings* Psalm 95 * Psalm 70 * Job 9:1–35 * John 4:46–54 * Smalcald Articles III:III:20–28
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 99 * Job 8:1–22 * John 4:27–45 * Smalcald Articles III:III:10–19
Readings* Psalm 38 * Job 6:14–30 * John 3:22—4:6 * Smalcald Articles III:I–II CommemorationToday we commemorate Silas, Fellow Worker of St. Peter and St. Paul. A leader in the Church at Jerusalem, Silas was chosen by Paul to accompany him on his second missionary journey. Imprisoned with Paul in Philippi, Silas also experienced the rioting in Thessalonica and Berea. Tradition holds that Silas was the first Bishop of Corinth.
Readings* Psalm 23 * Psalm 87 * Job 6:1–13 * John 3:1–21 * Smalcald Articles II:IV:10–16
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 122 * Job 5:1–27 * John 2:13–25 * Smalcald Articles II:IV:1–9
Readings* Psalm 4 * Psalm 18 * Job 4:1–21 * John 2:1–12 * Smalcald Articles II:II:25–29, II:III
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 74 * Job 3:11–26 * John 1:35–51 * Smalcald Articles II:II:11–24
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 88 * Job 2:1—3:10 * John 1:19–34 * Smalcald Articles II:II:1–10 CommemorationToday we commemorate Jacob, Patriarch of OT Israel. Born the younger of Isaac and Rebekah’s twin sons, Jacob was the third of the patriarchs of OT Israel. After wrestling with the Angel of the Lord, Jacob (whose name means ‘deceiver’) was renamed to Israel (which means ‘he strives with God’). Jacob lived a life of strife and trouble, due in no small part to his own deceptions toward his brother and father. The deceptive nature of Jacob would carry on to his sons, who would sell their brother Joseph into slavery and lie to their father. By the grace of God, Joseph became prominent in Egypt and was reunited with Jacob, who then died in Egypt after blessing and prophesying about his sons.
Readings* Psalm 47 * Psalm 135 * Zechariah 14:1–21 * Titus 2:7—3:15 * Smalcald Articles, Preface: 8–15
Readings* Psalm 75 * Psalm 104 * Zechariah 12:1—13:9 * Titus 1:1—2:6 * Smalcald Articles, Preface:1–7 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Purification of Mary and the Presentation of Our Lord. Thirty-two days after Jesus was circumcised, He comes to the Temple to fulfill the requirements of the OT law. In offering the alternative sacrifice (two turtledoves or two pigeons instead of a lamb), Joseph and Mary reveal their humble circumstances. In his Nunc Dimmitis, Simeon announces the inauguration of God’s consolation and redemption in and through Christ, and also prophesies concerning the destiny of Jesus.
Readings* Psalm 28 * Psalm 48 * Zechariah 11:4–17 * 2 Timothy 4:1–18 * Large Catechism V:75–87
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 68 * Zechariah 10:1—11:3 * 2 Timothy 3:1–17 * Large Catechism V:58–74
Readings* Psalm 12 * Psalm 133 * Zechariah 6:1—7:14 * Romans 16:17–27 * Large Catechism V:15–30
Readings Psalm 1 * Psalm 109 * Zechariah 4:1—5:11 * Romans 15:14–33 * Large Catechism V:1–14 CommemorationToday we commemorate John Chrysostom, Preacher*. Born around AD 347, St. John was instructed in the Christian faith by his mother, Anthusa. After holding a number of lesser offices, John became patriarch of Constantinople in AD 398. John was given the added name “Chrysostom”, which means ‘golden-mouthed’ in Greek, for his simple, but direct, messages that were beloved by all who heard them. Eventually exiled from Constantinople, after coming into conflict with the local authorities due to his determination to reform the church, the court, and the city, John continued to preach and write right up until his death in AD 407. His reported last words were “Glory be to God for all things! Amen.”
Readings* Psalm 18 * Psalm 134 * Zechariah 2:1—3:10 * Romans 15:1–13 * Large Catechism IV:68–86 CommemorationToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Titus, Pastor and Confessor. Like Timothy, St. Titus was a friend and coworker of St. Paul. Whereas it is not known if Titus accompanied Paul on his first and second missionary journeys, it is known that Titus accompanied Paul on his third missionary journey, along with Barnabas, to Jerusalem to bring aid during a famine. Likely after the trip to Jerusalem, Paul and Titus parted ways, with Titus staying in Crete and eventually working in Dalmatia and then, according to tradition, serving as bishop in Crete until his death in about AD 96.
Readings* Psalm 6 * Psalm 67 * Zechariah 1:1–21 * Romans 14:1–23 * Large Catechism IV:56–67 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of the Conversion of St. Paul. Originally a zealous persecutor of the Church, St. Paul (then Saul of Tarsus) met Christ on the road to Damascus. Blinded by a bright light, Saul heard the words “Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting Me?” to which Saul replied “Who are You, Lord?” to which Christ replied “I am Jesus, Whom you are persecuting.” Upon arriving in Damascus, Saul was sought by a disciple named Ananias, who had been sent by the Lord to heal Saul. Upon receiving his sight, Saul was baptized and went on to become the Apostle Paul, a man whom God called ‘a chosen instrument … to carry [Christ’s] name before the nations’.
Readings* Psalm 131 * Psalm 84 * Joel 3:1–21 * Romans 12:14—13:14 * Large Catechism IV:47–55 CommemorationToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Timothy, Pastor and Confessor. Best remembered as a companion of St. Paul, St. Timothy grew up in a Christian household. After meeting Paul on his (Paul’s) second missionary journey, Timothy accompanied Paul on further missionary journeys and was with Paul in Rome. According to tradition, Timothy was martyred in Ephesus around AD 97, where he served as bishop after Paul’s martyrdom in Rome.
Readings* Psalm 139 * Psalm 81 * Joel 2:18–32 * Romans 11:25—12:13 * Large Catechism IV:32–46
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 121 * Joel 2:1–17 * Romans 11:1–24 * Large Catechism IV:17–31
Readings* Psalm 117 * Psalm 97 * Ezekiel 47:1–23 * Romans 9:19–33 * Large Catechism III:112–124 CommemorationToday we commemorate Sarah. Wife (and half-sister) of the patriarch Abraham, Sarah followed Abraham from Ur of the Chaldeans on his journey to Canaan. Childless until old age, Sarah was eventually blessed with a son — Isaac — who would become the second of the three major patriarchs of OT Israel, and carry on the line of the promised Messiah. Sarah is remembered for her faithfulness and her hospitality. She was buried in the Cave of Machpelah, the same cave where Abraham would also later be buried.
Readings* Psalm 15 * Psalm 126 * Ezekiel 44:1–29 * Romans 9:1–18 * Large Catechism III:99–111
Readings* Psalm 44 * Psalm 124 * Ezekiel 40:1–4; 41:1–12 * Romans 8:18–39 * Large Catechism III:85–98 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of The Confession of St. Peter. In response to Christ’s challenge: “But who do you say that I am?”, Simon Peter replied, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” This — Peter’s confession — is the rock upon which the Church is built. As Christ makes clear, it is not “flesh and blood [that] [reveals]” this truth, but “[the] Father Who is in Heaven”.
Here in Matthew, and elsewhere in the NT, Christ makes clear that He gives the Keys to the entire Church, not to Peter alone, and with the Keys the power to bind and to loose: “whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in Heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in Heaven.” As the Smalcald Articles state:
The Keys are an office and power given by Christ to the Church for binding and loosing sin. This applies not only to gross and well-known sins, but also the subtle, hidden sins that are known only to God. As it is written, “Who can discern his errors?” (Psalm 19:12).
It is truly this confession of Peter — that Christ is the Son of the living God — upon which the Church is founded, with Christ as cornerstone.
Readings* Psalm 76 * Psalm 137 * Ezekiel 39:1–29 * Romans 7:21—8:17 * Large Catechism III:71–84
Readings* Psalm 36 * Psalm 54 * Ezekiel 38:1–23 * Romans 7:1–20 * Large Catechism III:59–70
Readings* Psalm 104 * Psalm 79 * Ezekiel 36:33—37:14 * Romans 5:1–21 * Large Catechism III:35–48
Readings* Psalm 32 * Psalm 51 * Ezekiel 36:13–28 * Romans 4:1–25 * Large Catechism III:25–34
Readings* Psalm 63 * Psalm 59 * Ezekiel 34:1–24 * Romans 3:19–31 * Large Catechism III:14–24
Readings* Psalm 7 * Psalm 14 * Ezekiel 33:1–20 * Romans 3:1–18 * Large Catechism III:1–13 FestivalToday we celebrate the Feast of the Baptism of Our Lord. As recounted in the third chapter of the Gospel of Matthew (and in parallel passages in Mark, Luke, and John), Christ was baptized by John the Baptist in the Jordan River. Although John initially hesitated when asked to baptize Christ, because Christ was without sin and John knew he was in the presence of One greater than he, Christ spoke His first words in Matthew so that John would agree:
“Let it be so now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.”
On Christ’s Baptism, Luther said:
“[Christ] accepted it from John for the reason that He was entering into our stead, indeed, our person, that is, becoming a sinner for us, taking upon Himself the sins which He had not committed, and wiping them out and drowning them in His Holy Baptism.”
This Baptism in the Jordan River marked the beginning of Christ’s ministry.
Readings Psalm 85 * Psalm 58 * Ezekiel 18:1–32 * Romans 2:17–29 * Large Catechism II:63–70 CommemorationToday we commemorate Basil the Great of Caesarea, Gregory of Nazianzus, and Gregory of Nyssa, Pastors and Confessors*. Collectively known as the Cappadocian Fathers, Basil and the two Gregorys were leaders of the Christian Church in Asia Minor (modern Turkey) in the fourth century. Basil and Gregory of Nyssa were brothers, and Gregory of Nazianzus was their friend. All three men were influential in shaping the theology ratified by the Council of Constantinople, which would later be enshrined in the Nicene Creed.
Readings* Psalm 62 * Psalm 32 * Ezekiel 3:12–27 * Romans 2:1–16 * Large Catechism II:55–62
Readings* Psalm 19 * Psalm 100 * Ezekiel 2:1—3:11 * Romans 1:18–32 * Large Catechism II:47–54
Readings* Psalm 46 * Psalm 45 * Ezekiel 1:1–28 * Romans 1:1–17 * Large Catechism II:34–46
Readings* Psalm 45 * Psalm 72 * Isaiah 66:1–20 * Luke 3:21–38 * Large Catechism II:25–33 FestivalToday we celebrate the Feast of the Epiphany of Our Lord. Although the feast of Epiphany commemorates no particular, concrete event, it is one of the most important days in the liturgical calendar — one of the principal feasts. On Epiphany, we remember that the God who became man in Bethlehem — that the Babe in the manger — needed present no proof that He was true man, but that He did indeed need to prove that He was true God. He did this superabundantly with the manifestations of the Trinity and the signs, wonders, and miracles that dot the pages of the New Testament record. In the Western Church tradition, Epiphany has become associated with the visit of the Magi, and this is fitting, for the Magi represent all the nations that were brought into the New Covenant through Christ — the true epiphany being the revelation of Christ as Lord, God, Savior, and King.
Readings* Psalm 40 * Psalm 65 * Isaiah 63:15—65:7 * Luke 2:41–52 * Large Catechism II:1–8
Readings* Psalm 108 * Psalm 110 * Isaiah 63:1–14 * Luke 2:21–40 * Large Catechism I:324–333
Readings Psalm 62 * Psalm 98 * Isaiah 62:1–12 * Luke 2:1–20 * Large Catechism I:311–323 CommemorationToday we commemorate J. K. Wilhelm Löhe, Pastor*. Johann Konrad Wilhelm Löhe served as the pastor of Neuendettelsau in the Bavarian Alps in the 1800s. Although he never left Germany, Löhe had a significant impact on Lutheranism in North America. Recognizing the need for Church workers, Löhe assisted in the training of missionary pastors to be sent to the New World and Australia. A number of the men sent by Löhe would become founders of what is today the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod (the LCMS). It was also due in part to Löhe’s financial backing that a theological school in Fort Wayne, IN, and a teachers’ institute in Saginaw, MI, were established. Löhe is widely recognized and fondly remembered for his confessional integrity and his dedication to Christian charity.
Readings* Psalm 113 * Psalm 21 * Isaiah 61:1–11 * Luke 1:57–80 * Large Catechism I:303–310 FestivalToday we celebrate the Feast of the Circumcision and Name of Jesus. Per tradition, Jesus was circumcised on the eighth day and given the name “Jesus” as the angel had proclaimed. Under the Old Covenant, circumcision brought the benefits of forgiveness of sins, justification, and incorporation into the people of God. Under the New Covenant, circumcision is no longer necessary or effective; it has been replaced by Baptism, which is called, by St. Paul, a “circumcision made without hands” and “the circumcision of Christ”.
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 8 * Isaiah 60:1–22 * Luke 1:39–56 * Large Catechism I:292–302
Readings* Psalm 89 * Psalm 132 * Isaiah 58:1—59:21 * Luke 1:26–38 * Large Catechism I:276–291
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 93 * Isaiah 55:1–13 * Luke 1:1–25 * Large Catechism I:263–275 CommemorationToday we commemorate David. David was the greatest of the kings of OT Israel, and ruled from about 1010 to 970 BC. Although David’s private conduct showed a mixture of good and bad, it was his fierce loyalty to God that defined his life and his reign. Under David, God fulfilled many of the promises to OT Israel, notably uniting Israel into a single nation with its capital at Jerusalem. Of course, God’s greatest promise would be fulfilled through the promised King — Christ, our Lord.
Readings* Psalm 9 * Psalm 31 * Isaiah 52:13—54:10 * Matthew 2:13–23 * Large Catechism I:254–262 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of The Holy Innocents, Martyrs. Threatened by the prophecies concerning a “King of the Jews”, King Herod plotted to find and kill Jesus using the Wise Men, but was thwarted in that plan when the Wise Men went back to their lands by another route. Angered and still plotting to thwart the prophecy, Herod had all male children in and around Bethlehem who were two years old or younger murdered. We commemorate these innocents as a reminder of the depravity, brutality, and evil that can take residence in the human heart and of the persecution Jesus suffered even before His earthly ministry had begun. By the hand of God, Jesus was spared from being numbered amongst the slain, for His path led to a different death — on a cross at Golgotha, to pay the price for our sins.
Readings* Psalm 72 * Psalm 92 * Isaiah 51:17—52:12 * Matthew 2:1–12 * Large Catechism I:245–253 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. John, Apostle and Evangelist. St. John, son of Zebedee and brother of James the Elder, was among the first disciples to be called by Jesus, and became known as “the disciple whom Jesus loved”. During Christ’s ministry, John witnessed many of Christ’s miracles, was present for the Transfiguration, went with Peter to reserve the upper room for the Last Supper, and, alone among the Disciples, did not forsake Christ during His Passion, remaining near Christ through the crucifixion. From the cross, Jesus made John guardian of Mary, His mother. John would go on to be a founding father of the Early Church. From John, we have the fourth Gospel, three Epistles, and the Book of Revelation, which was revealed to him while he was banished to Patmos by Emperor Domitian. John outlived all of the other Apostles, dying in Ephesus at around age one hundred.
Readings* Psalm 34 * Psalm 60 * Isaiah 49:22—51:16 * Matthew 1:18–25 * Large Catechism I:234–244 CommemorationToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Stephen, Martyr. St. Stephen was one of the first seven deacons of the Church, appointed to distribute food and other necessities to the poor of the growing Christian community. In addition to such duties, the deacons also taught and preached. When some of his colleagues became jealous, they brought him before the Sanhedrin on false charges of blasphemy. Before the Sanhedrin, Stephen confessed his faith in Christ and rebuked members of the Sanhedrin for rejecting the Christ. Infuriated, the Sanhedrin had Stephen dragged outside the city and stoned. Honored as the first martyr of the New Testament Church, Stephen is remembered for his dying words: “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.” and “Lord, do not hold this sin against them.”
Readings* Psalm 96 * Psalm 150 * Isaiah 49:1–18 * Matthew 1:1–17 * Large Catechism I:222–233
Readings* Psalm 98 * Psalm 2 * Isaiah 44:21—45:25 * Revelation 12:1–17 * Large Catechism I:211–221
Readings* Psalm 39 * Psalm 144 * Isaiah 43:25—44:20 * Revelation 11:1–19 * Large Catechism I:199–210
Readings* Psalm 115 * Psalm 125 * Isaiah 43:1–24 * Revelation 9:13—10:11 * Large Catechism I:189–198
Readings* Psalm 119:25–32 * Psalm 141 * Isaiah 40:18—41:10 * Revelation 8:1–13 * Large Catechism I:167–178 CommemorationToday we commemorate Katharina Luther, née von Bora. Born in 1499, Katharina von Bora was placed into a convent when she was still a child and became a nun in 1515. In April of 1523, Katharina, along with eight other nuns, was rescued from the convent and brought to Wittenberg. In Wittenberg, Martin Luther helped the rescued nuns return to their families or start families of their own. Although initially hesitant to marry — as he feared assassination or execution by Rome — Luther believed that he must place his faith in God and practice what he preached. Katharina and Luther were married on 13 June 1525. God blessed the Luthers’ marriage with six children, and Katharina skillfully managed the Luther household. Although she suffered financial difficulties after Luther’s death in 1546, Katharina remained steadfast in her faith and her care for her children and others. Amongst her last recorded words, Katharina, on her deathbed, said that she would ‘stick to Christ as a burr to cloth.’
Readings* Psalm 103 * Psalm 19 * Isaiah 40:1–17 * Revelation 7:1–17 * Large Catechism I:158–166 CommemorationToday we commemorate Adam and Eve. Father and mother to us all, Adam and Eve were the first two human beings created by God’s own hands. Adam, formed from the dust, was created first and Eve, formed from one of Adam’s ribs to be his companion, was created second. Failing to obey God and listening to the Serpent’s temptation, Eve ate of the fruit of the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, which God had forbidden, and Adam, forsaking his role as head, joined her in rebellion. For their disobedience, they were driven from the Garden; by their disobedience, death entered the world. Nevertheless, in the midst of the tragedy of the Fall, God promised that the woman’s Seed — Christ, the Savior — would crush the Serpent’s head. In His death on the cross and His resurrection from the dead, Christ defeated sin, death, and the devil — fulfilling the promise of Genesis 3:15. As Luther commented: ‘God arranged to remove through Christ whatever the devil brought in through Adam.’
Readings* Psalm 119:81–88 * Psalm 145 * Isaiah 34:1—35:10 * Revelation 6:1–17 * Large Catechism I:150–157
Readings* Psalm 40 * Psalm 20 * Isaiah 33:1–24 * Revelation 5:1–14 * Large Catechism I:141–149
Readings* Psalm 149 * Psalm 61 * Isaiah 32:1–20 * Revelation 4:1–11 * Large Catechism I:129–140
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 80 * Isaiah 30:27—31:9 * Revelation 3:1–22 * Large Catechism I:120–128
Readings* Psalm 27 * Psalm 24 * Isaiah 30:15–26 * Revelation 2:1–29 * Large Catechism I:112–119
Readings Psalm 89 * Psalm 143 * Isaiah 29:15—30:14 * Revelation 1:1–20 * Large Catechism I:103–111 CommemorationToday we commemorate Lucia, Martyr*. Born into a wealthy family, Lucia gave away her dowry to the poor. When this came to the attention of the Roman governor, he ordered Lucia to burn a sacrifice to the emperor. Upon her refusal, the governor commanded that she be condemned to a brothel; Lucia was martyred by the soldiers who came to execute the governor’s sentence. As the name “Lucia” means light, many European nations have long held festivals in her memory involving lanterns or lights; such festivals have been particularly popular in the Scandinavian countries, where this time of year is quite short on daylight.
Readings* Psalm 5 * Psalm 142 * Isaiah 28:14–29 * 1 John 5:1–21 * Large Catechism I:87–95
Readings* Psalm 86 * Psalm 130 * Isaiah 26:20—27:13 * 1 John 4:1–21 * Large Catechism I:78–86
Readings* Psalm 17 * Psalm 148 * Isaiah 26:1–19 * 1 John 3:1–24 * Large Catechism I:69–77
Readings* Psalm 11 * Psalm 142 * Isaiah 24:14—25:12 * 1 John 2:15–29 * Large Catechism I:59–68
Readings Psalm 25 * Psalm 73 * Isaiah 24:1–13 * 1 John 1:1—2:14 * Large Catechism I:49–58 CommemorationToday we commemorate Ambrose of Milan, Pastor and Hymnwriter*. Along with Augustine, Jerome, and Gregory the Great, Ambrose of Milan is considered one of the four great Latin Doctors of the Church. Becoming Bishop of Milan in AD 374 — largely by acclamation — Ambrose would go on to be a prolific hymnwriter and defender of the faith. Ambrose played no small part in suppressing the Arian heresy through his interactions with Emperor Gratian and Emperor Theodosius. Many are undoubtedly familiar with Ambrose’s hymn, “Savior of the Nations, Come”.
Readings* Psalm 145 * Psalm 62 * Isaiah 10:12–34 * 2 Peter 1:1–21 * Large Catechism I:24–29
Readings* Psalm 119:105–112 * Psalm 82 * Isaiah 8:9—9:7 * 1 Peter 4:1–19 * Large Catechism I:1–12
Readings* Psalm 34 * Psalm 50 * Isaiah 7:10—8:8 * 1 Peter 3:1–22 * Large Catechism, Short Preface: 14–28
Readings* Psalm 123 * Psalm 7 * Isaiah 6:1—7:9 * 1 Peter 2:13–25 * Large Catechism, Short Preface: 1–13
Readings* Psalm 118 * Isaiah 5:1–25 * 1 Peter 2:1–12 * Large Catechism, Longer Preface: 14–20 CommemorationToday we commemorate Noah. Noah, son of Lamech, was instructed by God to build an ark. Faithful and obedient to God, Noah constructed the Ark that would carry him and his wife and his sons and their wives — the only eight people to survive the Flood. After the floodwaters subsided, Noah built an altar and gave thanks to God for His mercy in preserving the human race through Noah and his family. In promising never again to destroy all life from the Earth, God made the rainbow a sign of His covenant with man and all life. Whenever we see a rainbow, we should think of God’s great mercy and His steadfast love. We commemorate Noah for his faith and for his obedience to the word of God — for believing that God will do what He says He will do.
Readings* Psalm 102 * Psalm 85 * Isaiah 2:1–22 * 1 Peter 1:13–25 * Large Catechism, Longer Preface: 7–13
Readings* Psalm 66 * Isaiah 1:1–28 * 1 Peter 1:1–12 * Large Catechism, Longer Preface: 1–6
Readings* Psalm 75 * Psalm 108 * Daniel 6:1–28 * Revelation 22:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVIII:20–27
Readings* Psalm 48 * Daniel 5:1–30 * Revelation 21:9–27 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVIII:15–19
Readings* Psalm 41 * Daniel 4:1–37 * Revelation 21:1–8 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVIII:11–14
Readings Psalm 39 * Psalm 38 * Daniel 3:1–30 * Revelation 20:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVIII:6–10 CommemorationToday we commemorate Clement of Rome, Pastor*. An early father of the Church, Clement lived in the first century AD and helped to establish the pattern of apostolic authority that governed the Early Church. In a letter to the Christians in Corinth, Clement emphasized that Christ must remain at the center of our faith:
“Let us fix our eyes on the blood of Christ, realizing how precious it is to His Father, since it was poured out for our salvation and brought the grace of repentance to the whole world.”
Clement helped to lay the foundation upon which the Western Church would be built. He is commemorated for his steadfast love and perseverance in the faith. Clement of Rome was martyred in approximately AD 100 by drowning.
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 92 * Daniel 2:24–49 * Revelation 19:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVIII:1–5
Readings* Psalm 114 * Psalm 16 * Daniel 2:1–23 * Revelation 18:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVII:64–69
Readings* Psalm 118 * Daniel 1:1–21 * Matthew 28:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVII:57–63
Readings* Psalm 20 * Psalm 18 * Jeremiah 38:1–28 * Matthew 27:57–66 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVII:47–56
Readings* Psalm 22 * Jeremiah 37:1–21 * Matthew 27:33–56 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVII:40–46
Readings* Psalm 148 * Jeremiah 33:1–22 * Matthew 27:11–32 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVII:34–39
Readings* Psalm 54 * Psalm 139 * Jeremiah 31:1–34 * Matthew 27:1–10 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVII:28–33
Readings* Psalm 51 * Jeremiah 30:1–24 * Matthew 26:57–75 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVII:24–27
Readings Psalm 53 * Psalm 55 * Jeremiah 29:1–19 * Matthew 26:36–56 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVII:18–23 CommemorationToday we commemorate Emperor Justinian, Christian Ruler and Confessor of Christ*. Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire from AD 527 to AD 565, Justinian oversaw a renaissance during which an empire long in decline briefly resurged. Under his leadership, the Roman Empire retook North Africa, Italy, and Spain. However, Justinian is primarily remembered for his codification of Roman law (a basis of many systems to this day) and his staunch defense of and support for the Christian faith.
Readings* Psalm 116 * Psalm 50 * Jeremiah 26:1–19 * Matthew 26:20–35 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVII:11–17
Readings* Psalm 137 * Psalm 130 * Jeremiah 25:1–18 * Matthew 26:1–19 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVII:9–10
Readings Psalm 143 * Psalm 105 * Jeremiah 23:21–40 * Matthew 25:31–46 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXVII:1–8 CommemorationToday we commemorate Martin of Tours, Pastor*. Born into a pagan family in what is today Hungary, Martin grew up in Lombardy, Italy. Converting to Christianity in his youth, Martin initially served in the Roman military, but later left the military to become a monk — referring to himself as “Christ’s soldier”. Martin went on to become Bishop of Tours in Gaul (modern France), and is remembered for his simple lifestyle and his dedication to spreading the Gospel throughout rural Gaul.
Readings* Psalm 24 * Psalm 25 * Jeremiah 23:1–20 * Matthew 25:14–30 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:96–99
Readings Psalm 147 * Jeremiah 22:1–23 * Matthew 25:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:89–95 CommemorationToday we commemorate the birth of Martin Chemnitz, Pastor and Confessor. Known as “the other Martin”, Martin Chemnitz stands as, aside from Martin Luther, the most important theologian in the history of the Lutheran Church. When disagreements arose in the wake of Luther’s death, it was Chemnitz who became the driving force behind the Formula of Concord, which restored unity. Among his many works, the four-volume Examination of the Council of Trent stands as one of Chemnitz’s greatest works; in the Examen*, Chemnitz subjected the teachings of the Roman church to Scripture and to the Church Fathers — Rome has never responded.
Readings Psalm 143 * Psalm 144 * Jeremiah 20:1–18 * Matthew 24:29–51 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:78–88 CommemorationToday we commemorate Johannes von Staupitz, Luther’s Father Confessor*. Vicar-General of the Augustinian order in Germany, Johannes von Staupitz was born in Saxony. Called in 1503, by Frederick the Wise, to serve as dean of the theological faculty at the newly established University of Wittenberg, von Staupitz would go on to encourage Luther to obtain his doctorate in theology and to appoint Luther to be his successor as professor of Bible at Wittenberg. It was von Staupitz who counseled Luther early on in Luther’s life, when Luther was an Augustinian monk struggling with the idea of God’s grace, to focus not upon himself but upon Christ.
Readings* Psalm 121 * Psalm 135 * Jeremiah 11:1–23 * Matthew 24:1–28 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:68–77
Readings* Psalm 118 * Jeremiah 8:18—9:12 * Matthew 23:13–39 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:60–67
Readings* Psalm 38 * Jeremiah 7:1–29 * Matthew 23:1–12 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:52–59
Readings* Psalm 110 * Psalm 108 * Jeremiah 5:1–19 * Matthew 22:23–46 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:41–51
Readings* Psalm 15 * Psalm 26 * Jeremiah 3:6—4:2 * Matthew 22:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:35–40
Readings* Psalm 118 * Jeremiah 1:1–19 * Matthew 21:23–46 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:30–34 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of All Saints’ Day. As Easter celebrates the resurrection of Christ, so All Saints’ Day celebrates the resurrection of all those who believe in Him. On this day, we contemplate the scope and scale of Christ’s work — winning for His Kingdom men, women, and children from every tribe and nation. We are, indeed, surrounded by a great cloud of witnesses. It is such resurrection that allows us to confess that “the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed”. Today we celebrate with the entire Church catholic the coming eternal Kingdom and the consummation of all things.
Readings* Psalm 150 * Psalm 147 * Deuteronomy 34:1–12 * Matthew 21:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:27–29 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of All Souls’ Day. All Souls’ Day is the first of two days in the season of Allhallowtide (which began yesterday on Halloween). Where All Saints’ Day is a joyous celebration of the resurrection of all who believe in Christ, All Souls’ Day is a somber contemplation of sin and mortality. The Festival of All Souls’ Day is rightly observed with fasting and prayer, both as individual Christians and as Christian nations.
Readings* Psalm 46 * Psalm 115 * Deuteronomy 32:28–52 * Matthew 20:17–34 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:22–26 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of Reformation Day and the beginning of the three-day season of Allhallowtide (also known as Halloween). On 31 October 1517, an Augustinian monk nailed ninety-five theses, points for discussion, to the door of Castle Church in Wittenberg. Dr. Martin Luther did not, at the time, intend a break with the Roman church; rather, he sought only to address a number of pressing matters, among them indulgences. Rome, however, wanted nothing of Luther’s suggested discussion, and would eventually excommunicate him, declare him a heretic, and seek his death. Refusing to compromise on the rediscovered Gospel, Luther would go on to translate the New Testament, publish numerous works, and, above all, spark a Reformation that would see the restoration of Christ’s Church, over and against the heresies of Rome. We celebrate Reformation Day in remembrance of God’s great mercy and His steadfast love, of His work through Martin Luther that rescued the Gospel, enabling us to stand and, with Luther, declare of the Truth:
“Hier stehe ich — ich kann nicht anders. Gott helfe mir. Amen.”
Or, in English:
“Here I stand — I cannot do otherwise. God help me. Amen.”
Readings* Psalm 90 * Deuteronomy 31:30—32:27 * Matthew 20:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:16–21
Readings* Psalm 56 * Psalm 58 * Deuteronomy 31:1–29 * Matthew 19:16–30 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:9–15
Readings* Psalm 127 * Psalm 132 * Deuteronomy 30:1–20 * Matthew 19:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIV:1–8
Readings* Psalm 20 * Psalm 25 * Deuteronomy 29:1–29 * Matthew 18:21–35 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIII:60–71
Readings Psalm 12 * Psalm 9 * Deuteronomy 28:1–68 * Matthew 18:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIII:50–59 CommemorationToday we commemorate Philipp Nicolai, Johann Heermann, and Paul Gerhardt, Hymnwriters*. Philipp Nicolai was a German pastor who lived through the Great Plague, which took the lives of thirteen hundred members of his parish. Despite hardships, he contributed hymns which the Church uses to this day — among them, “Wake, Awake, for Night Is Flying” and “O Morning Star, How Fair and Bright”. Johann Heermann was a German pastor who lived through the Thirty Years’ War, and contributed a number of hymns to the corpus. Paul Gerhardt was a German pastor who also lived through the Thirty Years’ War, lost his pastoral position for refusing to compromise his beliefs, and wrote over one hundred hymns; he is regarded as one of Lutheranism’s finest hymnwriters.
Readings* Psalm 93 * Psalm 87 * Deuteronomy 27:1–26 * Matthew 17:14–27 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIII:40–49
Readings* Psalm 99 * Psalm 97 * Deuteronomy 25:17—26:19 * Matthew 17:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIII:28–39
Readings* Psalm 107 * Deuteronomy 24:10—25:10 * Matthew 16:13–28 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIII:18–27
Readings* Psalm 62 * Psalm 119:137–144 * Deuteronomy 21:1–23 * Matthew 16:1–12 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIII:7–17
Readings* Psalm 142 * Psalm 91 * Deuteronomy 20:1–20 * Matthew 15:21–39 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXIII:1–6
Readings* Psalm 138 * Psalm 140 * Deuteronomy 19:1–21 * Matthew 15:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXII:9–17
Readings* Psalm 80 * Deuteronomy 18:1–22 * Matthew 14:22–36 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXII:1–8
Readings* Psalm 75 * Psalm 77 * Deuteronomy 17:1–20 * Matthew 14:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXI:38–44 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Luke, Evangelist. A traveling companion of St. Paul, St. Luke was a Greek physician, who would author one of the four Gospels and the Book of Acts. It is Luke who gives us details of Christ’s birth and many other events. Taken together, The Gospel of Luke and the Book of Acts comprise over a third of the New Testament.
Readings Psalm 39 * Psalm 38 * Deuteronomy 15:19—16:22 * Matthew 13:44–58 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXI:31–37 CommemorationToday we commemorate Ignatius of Antioch, Pastor and Martyr. Serving as bishop of Antioch in the beginning of the second century AD, Ignatius was a proponent of orthodox Christian doctrine. Arrested under Emperor Trajan, Ignatius, like Paul, was taken in chains to Rome, where he was executed by being thrown to wild beasts in the arena. In his letters, written on the way to Rome, Ignatius warned against false teachings, encouraged his fellow pastors, emphasized Christ’s full humanity and* full deity, defended the real presence of Christ in the Lord’s Supper, and stressed the unity of the Church (being the first to use the term “catholic” in describing her). Ignatius left behind a lasting legacy for the Church.
Readings* Psalm 37 * Deuteronomy 14:1—15:15 * Matthew 13:24–43 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXI:21–30
Readings* Psalm 119:33–40 * Psalm 34 * Deuteronomy 13:1–18 * Matthew 13:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXI:14–20
Readings* Psalm 114 * Psalm 124 * Deuteronomy 12:13–32 * Matthew 12:38–50 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XXI:1–13
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 115 * Deuteronomy 11:26—12:12 * Matthew 12:22–37 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XX:86–92
Readings* Psalm 119:97–104 * Psalm 146 * Deuteronomy 11:1–25 * Matthew 12:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XX:78–85
Readings* Psalm 23 * Psalm 114 * Deuteronomy 9:23—10:22 * Matthew 11:20–30 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XVIII:67–76, XIX:77 CommemorationToday we commemorate Philip the Deacon. One of the seven men appointed to help the Apostles handle the work of the rapidly expanding Early Church by overseeing the distribution of food to the poor, Philip would go on to work as an evangelist in Samaria. Pursuant to the word of God brought to him by an angel, Philip encountered an Ethiopian eunuch, an official in the court of Candace, queen of the Ethiopians, on the road that goes south from Jerusalem to Gaza. In preaching the Good News to this man (and baptizing him), Philip became indirectly responsible for transmitting the Gospel to the continent of Africa.
Readings* Psalm 106 * Deuteronomy 9:1–22 * Matthew 11:1–19 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XVI:61–65, XVII:66
Readings* Psalm 103 * Deuteronomy 8:1–20 * Matthew 10:24–42 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XVI:53–60 CommemorationToday we commemorate Abraham. Selected from among the nations and called by God to become the father of a great nation, Abraham left his home and all that he had ever known, at the age of seventy-five, and moved to the land of Canaan, which God promised to Abraham and to his descendants (a promise fulfilled under the reign of Israel’s monarchs). At the age of one hundred, Abraham had Isaac with his wife Sarah — a miraculous birth according to the promise from God. Demonstrating his obedience to and trust in God in his willingness to sacrifice Isaac (a sacrifice God stopped by speaking from Heaven and providing a ram), Abraham is commended for his trusting faith in God and His promises. Through the Seed of Abraham, that is Jesus Christ, all nations have been blessed.
Readings* Psalm 126 * Psalm 141 * Deuteronomy 7:1–19 * Matthew 10:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XV:45–52
Readings Psalm 121 * Psalm 131 * Deuteronomy 6:10–25 * Matthew 9:18–38 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XV:31–44 CommemorationToday we commemorate Heinrich Melchior Mühlenberg, Pastor*. Born in Einbeck, Germany, in 1711, Mühlenberg moved to the American colonies in 1742. Helping to found many Lutheran congregations through tireless travel, Mühlenberg would become the guiding force behind the formation of the first Lutheran Synod in North America — the Ministerium of Pennsylvania. Remembered as a church leader, liturgist, and pastor, when Mühlenberg died in 1787, he left behind not only a large extended family, but also a lasting heritage: American Lutheranism.
Readings* Psalm 91 * Psalm 97 * Deuteronomy 5:22—6:9 * Matthew 9:1–17 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XV:22–30
Readings* Psalm 86 * Deuteronomy 5:1–21 * Matthew 8:18–34 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XV:13–21
Readings* Psalm 80 * Deuteronomy 4:21–40 * Matthew 8:1–17 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XV:1–12
Readings* Psalm 119:9–16 * Psalm 125 * Deuteronomy 4:1–20 * Matthew 7:13–29 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIV:24–28
Readings* Psalm 3 * Psalm 2 * Deuteronomy 3:1–29 * Matthew 7:1–12 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIII:14–23
Readings* Psalm 130 * Psalm 51 * Deuteronomy 2:16–37 * Matthew 6:16–34 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIII:1–13
Readings* Psalm 119:161–168 * Psalm 63 * Deuteronomy 1:37—2:15 * Matthew 6:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIB:77–81
Readings Psalm 19 * Psalm 34 * Deuteronomy 1:19–36 * Matthew 5:21–48 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIB:67–76 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of St. Michael and All Angels*. One of the archangels, tradition names Michael as patron and protector of the Church and of Christians. Mentioned in the Biblical books of Daniel, Jude, and Revelation, Michael leads the hosts of Heaven into battle against Satan and his demons — a victory assured by the blood of Christ, and announced in Revelation 12:10 by a voice from Heaven:
“Now the salvation and the power and the Kingdom of our God and the authority of His Christ have come, for the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down[.]”
Readings* Psalm 145 * Deuteronomy 1:1–18 * Matthew 5:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIB:58–66
Readings* Psalm 91 * Malachi 3:6—4:6 * Matthew 4:12–25 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIB:51–57
Readings* Psalm 16 * Psalm 32 * Malachi 2:1—3:5 * Matthew 4:1–11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIB:43–50
Readings* Psalm 51 * Psalm 12 * Malachi 1:1–14 * Matthew 3:1–17 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIB:34–42
Readings* Psalm 123 * Psalm 99 * Nehemiah 9:22–38 * 1 Timothy 6:3–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIB:25–33
Readings* Psalm 51 * Psalm 12 * Nehemiah 9:1–21 * 1 Timothy 5:17—6:2 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIB:16–24
Readings* Psalm 133 * Psalm 119:97–104 * Nehemiah 7:1–4; 8:1–18 * 1 Timothy 5:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIB:1–14 CommemorationToday we commemorate Jonah. Called by God to preach in Nineveh, capital of Assyria, Jonah initially refused his call and attempted to flee. Whereas all are familiar with the story of Jonah and the whale, the Book of Jonah focuses more on God’s mercy, patience, and compassion. Christ Himself uses the story of Jonah and the whale in describing His own death, burial, and resurrection.
Readings* Psalm 55 * Psalm 119:89–96 * Nehemiah 5:1–16; 6:1–16 * 1 Timothy 4:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIA:83–97 CommemorationToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Matthew, Apostle and Evangelist. An author of one of the four Gospels, Matthew was called to follow Jesus, and, in doing so, left behind a lucrative occupation as tax collector. Church tradition is uncertain as to the specifics of Matthew’s death.
Readings* Psalm 46 * Psalm 54 * Nehemiah 4:7–23 * 1 Timothy 3:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIA:68–82
Readings* Psalm 136 * Nehemiah 2:11–20; 4:1–6 * 1 Timothy 2:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIA:59–67
Readings* Psalm 118 * Nehemiah 1:1—2:10 * 1 Timothy 1:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIA:46–58
Readings* Psalm 130 * Psalm 143 * 2 Chronicles 36:1–23 * Colossians 4:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIA:28–45
Readings* Psalm 1 * Psalm 4 * 2 Chronicles 34:1–33 * Colossians 2:8–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIA:1–10
Readings Psalm 108 * 2 Chronicles 35:1–25 * Colossians 3:1–25 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XIIA:11–27 CommemorationToday we commemorate Cyprian of Carthage, Pastor and Martyr*. Living in the third century AD, Cyprian served as bishop of Carthage. Originally fleeing Carthage under the persecution of Roman Emperor Decius, Cyprian returned and set rules for those who had fallen away from the faith under persecution to return to the Church. Under later persecution by Roman Emperor Valerian, Cyprian initially hid himself, but later gave himself up to the authorities. He was beheaded in AD 258.
Readings* Psalm 38 * 2 Chronicles 33:1–25 * Colossians 1:24—2:7 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession XI:60–67
Readings* Psalm 27 * Psalm 31 * 2 Chronicles 32:1–22 * Colossians 1:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IX–XI:54–57
Readings* Psalm 94 * 2 Chronicles 31:1–21 * Philippians 4:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession VII:36–50
Readings* Psalm 44 * Psalm 100 * 2 Chronicles 29:1–24 * Philippians 3:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession VII:25–35
Readings* Psalm 58 * Psalm 53 * 2 Kings 9:1—10:29 * Philippians 2:12–30 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession VII:16–24
Readings* Psalm 61 * Psalm 59 * 2 Kings 6:1–23 * Philippians 1:21—2:11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession VII:1–15
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 69 * 2 Kings 5:9–27 * Philippians 1:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:269–279
Readings* Psalm 131 * Psalm 77 * 2 Kings 4:38—5:8 * Ephesians 6:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:262–268
Readings* Psalm 127 * Psalm 128 * 2 Kings 4:8–37 * Ephesians 5:15–33 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:257–261
Readings* Psalm 56 * 2 Kings 2:19–25; 4:1–7 * Ephesians 4:25—5:14 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:249–256 CommemorationToday we commemorate Zacharias and Elizabeth. Remembered as examples of faithfulness and piety, Zacharias and Elizabeth became the parents of John the Baptist despite their old age. Initially disbelieving the promise, Zacharias was struck mute by the angel who announced that Zacharias and Elizabeth would have a son; upon confirming his wife’s chosen name for their son, John, Zacharias was restored to his ability to speak. Upon regaining his speech, Zacharias sang the Benedictus, a summary of the promises in the Old Testament and a prophecy of John the Baptist’s ministry as a forerunner of Christ.
Readings* Psalm 90 * Psalm 107 * 2 Kings 2:2–18 * Ephesians 4:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:241–248 CommemorationToday we commemorate Moses. Greatest amongst the Old Testament prophets, Moses spoke with God face to face. Moses’ life was divided into three parts of forty years each: First, he lived in Egypt in the royal court, having been rescued by the daughter of pharaoh (and the intervention of God); second, he lived as a shepherd in the land of Midian after fleeing Egypt; and, third, he led Israel during the wandering in the desert. Prohibited from entering the Promised Land due to disobedience at Meribah, Moses was nevertheless allowed to view the land from Mount Nebo, where he then died and was buried (in an unknown location) by God.
Readings Psalm 119:57–64 * Psalm 108 * 1 Kings 19:1–21 * Ephesians 3:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:235–240 CommemorationToday we commemorate Gregory the Great, Pastor*. Gregory served both as mayor and, later, as bishop of Rome. Before entering full-time service in the Church, Gregory helped to strengthen a Rome weakened by enemy invasions and plague, and sold his considerable possessions and donated the proceeds to help the poor. As bishop of Rome, Gregory contributed to the Church by establishing a Church Year calendar, which some church bodies still use to this day, and overseeing musical and liturgical development, advancing missionary work in Northern Europe, and composing a book on pastoral care that would long serve as a standard in the Church.
Readings* Psalm 135 * 1 Kings 18:20–40 * Ephesians 2:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:223–234 CommemorationToday we commemorate Hannah. The favored wife of her husband, Elkanah, Hannah suffered through years of barrenness, but never gave up hope in the Lord. For her devotion, she was repaid with the birth of a son, Samuel, whom she dedicated to the service of the Lord. Hannah’s prayer of thanksgiving foreshadows the Magnificat, the Song of Mary, which would come centuries later.
Readings* Psalm 47 * Psalm 8 * 1 Kings 18:1–19 * Ephesians 1:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:213–222 CommemorationToday we commemorate Joshua, son of Nun, of the tribe of Ephraim. Most noted for his succession of Moses as Israel’s commander-in-chief, Joshua led a life of devotion to and faith in God. From defeating the Amalekites and being in charge of the tent of meeting to scouting the land of Canaan and leading Israel across the Jordan, Joshua showed steadfast faith in God and His promises. Joshua is especially noted for his final address, in which he, like Moses before him, presented the Israelites with the path of life and the path of death, the path of obedience to God and the path of rebellion, and in which he spoke his most famous words: “But as for me and my house, we will serve the Lord.”
Readings* Psalm 68 * Psalm 70 * 1 Kings 16:29—17:24 * 2 Corinthians 9:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:205–212
Readings* Psalm 29 * Psalm 75 * 1 Kings 12:20—13:34 * 2 Corinthians 8:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:195–204
Readings* Psalm 17 * 1 Kings 11:42—12:19 * 2 Corinthians 7:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:192–194 FestivalToday we observe the Festival of The Martyrdom of St. John the Baptist. In contrast to the Festival of The Nativity of St. John the Baptist, observed on the 24th of June, this Festival commemorates John the Baptist’s beheading under Herod Antipas, Tetrarch of Galilee and Perea. Last of the Old Testament prophets, John the Baptist announced the imminent coming of Christ, and fulfilled the Old Testament prophesy regarding the return of ‘Elijah’ before the Day of the Lord. Although John the Baptist’s end may seem, to this world, a foolish and ignominious one, his martyrdom was, in truth, a profound and noble participation in the Cross of Christ.
Readings* Psalm 48 * 1 Kings 11:1–26 * 2 Corinthians 6:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:183–191
Readings* Psalm 72 * 1 Kings 9:1–9; 10:1–13 * 2 Corinthians 5:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:177–182
Readings* Psalm 36 * 1 Kings 8:22–63 * 2 Corinthians 4:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:170–176
Readings* Psalm 32 * 1 Kings 7:51—8:21 * 2 Corinthians 3:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:167–169
Readings* Psalm 27 * 1 Kings 5:1–18 * 2 Corinthians 1:23—2:17 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:160–166 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of St. Bartholomew, Apostle. Called by Christ in Galilee (in the town of Cana, where Christ performed His first miracle), Bartholomew would become one of the first of Jesus’ twelve disciples. According to Church tradition, Bartholomew brought the Gospel to Armenia, where he was martyred.
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 49 * 1 Kings 3:1–15 * 2 Corinthians 1:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:153–159
Readings* Psalm 97 * 1 Kings 2:1–27 * 1 Corinthians 13:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:148–152
Readings* Psalm 139 * 1 Kings 1:1–35 * 1 Corinthians 12:14–31 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:144–147
Readings* Psalm 51 * 2 Samuel 12:1–25 * 1 Corinthians 12:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:140–143 CommemorationToday we commemorate Samuel. Last among the judges and first among the post-Moses prophets, Samuel lived a life of devotion to God. Samuel, at God’s command, would anoint both Israel’s first king — Saul — and her second — David.
Readings Psalm 12 * Psalm 22 * 2 Samuel 11:1–27 * 1 Corinthians 11:17–34 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:137–139 CommemorationToday we commemorate Bernard of Clairvaux, Hymnwriter and Theologian*. Born into wealth, Bernard abandoned a life of affluence and entered a monastery at twenty-two. Eventually he was sent to start a new monastery, which monastery would go on to found many daughter houses, but he is best known for his preaching and hymn-writing.
Readings* Psalm 107 * Psalm 106 * 2 Samuel 7:18–29 * 1 Corinthians 10:23—11:16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:133–136
Readings Psalm 24 * 2 Samuel 7:1–17 * 1 Corinthians 9:24—10:22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:124–132 CommemorationToday we commemorate Johann Gerhard, Theologian. Born in Quedlinburg, Germany, in 1582, Gerhard would go on to become one of the most influential theologians of the Christian faith. A prolific author, Gerhard’s Loci Theologici* and many other writings, including sermons, are still widely published and read today.
Readings* Psalm 11 * Psalm 84 * 2 Samuel 6:1–19 * 1 Corinthians 9:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:119–123 CommemorationToday we commemorate Isaac. Born to Abraham and Sarah when they were, respectively, one hundred years old and ninety-one years old, Isaac (whose name means ‘laughter’), would go on to father Jacob (who would become Israel) and Esau. Taken to Mount Moriah by his father to be sacrificed at the command of God, Isaac was spared at the last moment by the provision of a ram caught in a thicket — this episode pointed forward to the substitutionary sacrifice and atonement of Christ.
Readings* Psalm 132 * 2 Samuel 5:1–25 * 1 Corinthians 8:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:112–118 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Mary, Mother of Our Lord. Mentioned throughout the Gospels, Mary was present at many of the major events in her Son’s life. Mary is especially remembered for her unconditional obedience to the will of God, her trust in her Jesus (even when she did not understand all of His words), and, above all, for being honored as the mother of Christ.
Readings* Psalm 33 * 2 Samuel 1:1–27 * 1 Corinthians 7:25–40 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:104–111
Readings* Psalm 68 * 1 Samuel 31:1–13 * 1 Corinthians 7:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:97–103
Readings* Psalm 99 * 1 Samuel 28:3–25 * 1 Corinthians 6:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:89–96
Readings* Psalm 51 * 1 Samuel 26:1–25 * 1 Corinthians 5:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:82–88
Readings* Psalm 14 * Psalm 53 * 1 Samuel 25:23–44 * 1 Corinthians 4:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:74–81 CommemorationToday we commemorate Lawrence, Deacon and Martyr. Most likely born in Spain, Lawrence eventually made his way to Rome and became chief of the seven deacons of the Church. Having control over Church property and finances, Lawrence was called before the Roman emperor, who believed the Church possessed valuable items that could be confiscated, and commanded to produce the “treasures of the Church”. In response, Lawrence brought before the emperor the poor who had benefited from Christian charity. The emperor jailed Lawerence and eventually ordered him executed — by gridiron.
Readings* Psalm 94 * 1 Samuel 25:1–22 * 1 Corinthians 3:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:68–73
Readings* Psalm 62 * 1 Samuel 24:1–22 * 1 Corinthians 1:26—2:16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:62–67
Readings* Psalm 144 * 1 Samuel 20:24–42 * 1 Corinthians 1:1–25 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:58–61
Readings* Psalm 92 * 1 Samuel 20:1–23 * Acts 28:16–31 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:51–57
Readings* Psalm 21 * 1 Samuel 19:1–24 * Acts 28:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:45–50
Readings* Psalm 56 * 1 Samuel 18:10–30 * Acts 27:27–44 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:38–44
Readings* Psalm 68 * 1 Samuel 17:48—18:9 * Acts 27:9–26 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:26–37 CommemorationToday we commemorate Joanna, Mary, and Salome, the three faithful women who visited Christ’s tomb early on the morning of the first Easter. These women bore myrrh and others items to dress the body of Christ, but instead found the tomb empty, Christ having risen. These women serve as examples of humble service to our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 98 * 1 Samuel 17:20–47 * Acts 26:24—27:8 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:15–25
Readings* Psalm 70 * Psalm 75 * 1 Samuel 17:1–19 * Acts 26:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:9–14
Readings* Psalm 80 * 1 Samuel 16:1–23 * Acts 25:13–27 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession V:1–8 CommemorationToday we commemorate Joseph of Arimathea. A wealthy man from the village of Arimathea, Joseph owned an unused tomb in the vicinity of Golgotha, where Christ was crucified. A devout man, and member of the Sanhedrin, Joseph was eagerly awaiting the Kingdom of God. In contrast to many who fled for fear of the Jews, Joseph went to Pilate and requested the body of Christ, and, together with Nicodemus, placed the body in the tomb.
Readings* Psalm 50 * Psalm 130 * 1 Samuel 15:10–35 * Acts 24:24—25:12 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:115–121 CommemorationToday we commemorate Robert Barnes, Confessor and Martyr. Born in England in the late 1400s, Robert Barnes studied theology and eventually became a prior of the Augustinian monastery at Cambridge. Exiled to Germany, partly for distributing Bibles in English and for having converted to Lutheranism, Dr. Barnes would meet Martin Luther in Wittenberg, and the two would become friends. Upon his return to England, Dr. Barnes would share his Lutheran faith with King Henry VIII, who was initially receptive. However, changing political and ecclesiastical winds in England would eventually spell Dr. Barnes’ downfall. On 30 July 1540, Robert Barnes was burned at the stake on a charge of heresy, becoming one of the first Lutheran martyrs. Luther would later publish Barnes’ confession of faith, noting of Barnes that he was “[a] good, pious dinner guest and houseguest … [a] holy martyr, St. Robert Barnes.”
Readings* Psalm 119:41–48 * Psalm 13 * 1 Samuel 14:47—15:9 * Acts 24:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:107–114 CommemorationToday we commemorate Mary, Martha, and Lazarus of Bethany, whose faith is recorded in the Gospels. When Lazarus died, Jesus raised him from the dead and spoke to Martha, Lazarus’s sister: “I am the resurrection and the life; whoever believes in Me, though he die, yet shall he live, and everyone who lives and believes in me shall never die.” Later, shortly before Jesus was crucified, Mary anointed His feet with oil and wiped them with her hair — unknowingly readying Christ for burial.
Readings* Psalm 59 * Psalm 57 * 1 Samuel 13:1–18 * Acts 23:12–35 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:98–106 CommemorationToday we commemorate Johann Sebastian Bach, Kantor. Born in 1685, Bach would become one of history’s most prolific, and gifted, composers. Not only did Bach compose, but he also performed, conducted, and taught music. For the last twenty-seven years of his life, Bach was responsible for the music in the four Lutheran churches in Leipzig, where he died in 1750. A devout and devoted Lutheran, Bach bequeathed to the Church a wealth of music, which he wrote to the glory of God and for the edification of all Christians.
Readings* Psalm 119:17–24 * Psalm 141 * 1 Samuel 12:1–25 * Acts 22:30—23:11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:88–97
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 70 * 1 Samuel 10:1–27 * Acts 22:17–29 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:86–87
Readings Psalm 63 * Psalm 149 * 1 Samuel 9:1–27 * Acts 21:37—22:16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:75–85 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. James the Elder, Apostle*. St. James, and his brother St. John, sons of Zebedee, were fishermen on the Sea of Galilee. Together with St. Peter and his brother St. Andrew, James and John were called to be disciples of Christ. Along with Peter and John, James formed a sort of ‘inner circle’ amongst the Twelve. In Acts, it is recorded that James was beheaded by Herod Agrippa I, thus making James the first among the Twelve to die a martyr.
Readings* Psalm 24 * 1 Samuel 8:1–22 * Acts 21:15–36 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:61–74
Readings* Psalm 119:113–120 * Psalm 141 * 1 Samuel 6:19—7:17 * Acts 19:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:48–60
Readings* Psalm 137 * Psalm 56 * 1 Samuel 5:1—6:16 * Acts 18:1–28 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:36–47 CommemorationToday we commemorate St. Mary Magdalene. Present at the crucifixion, Mary Magdalene had become a follower of Jesus when He cast out seven demons from her. She was also the first to see Jesus alive again after the crucifixion. The Church has long identified her with the woman who anointed Jesus’ feet with oil.
Readings* Psalm 106 * 1 Samuel 4:1–22 * Acts 16:23–40 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:22–35 CommemorationToday we commemorate Ezekiel. Called by God to be a priest to the exiles during the Babylonian captivity, Ezekiel prophesied about the inevitable judgement on Jerusalem, which took place in 586 BC with the destruction of both the city and the Temple. After the destruction of Jerusalem and the Temple, Ezekiel prophesied hope to the exiles, delivering God’s promise of a future restoration in the coming Messianic Kingdom. Much of Ezekiel’s prophetic symbolism would be later used by St. John in Revelation.
Readings* Psalm 119:57–64 * Psalm 115 * 1 Samuel 3:1–21 * Acts 16:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession IV:12–21
Readings* Psalm 82 * Psalm 136 * 1 Samuel 2:18–36 * Acts 15:22–41 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession III, IV:1–11
Readings* Psalm 20 * Psalm 131 * 1 Samuel 1:21—2:17 * Galatians 6:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession II:35–51
Readings* Psalm 92 * 1 Samuel 1:1–20 * Galatians 5:1–26 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession II:23–34
Readings* Psalm 21 * Judges 16:4–30 * Galatians 4:12–31 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession II:5–22
Readings* Psalm 33 * Psalm 27 * Judges 15:1—16:3 * Galatians 3:23—4:11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession I, II:1–4
Readings* Psalm 119:1–8 * Psalm 1 * Judges 14:1–20 * Galatians 3:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, Introduction:1–19
Readings* Psalm 71 * Judges 13:1–25 * Galatians 2:1–21 * Augsburg Confession Conclusion
Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 108 * Judges 7:1–23 * Galatians 1:1–24 * Augsburg Confession XXVIII:61–78
Readings* Psalm 125 * Psalm 7 * Judges 6:1–24 * Acts 14:19—15:5 * Augsburg Confession XXVIII:30–42
Readings* Psalm 138 * Psalm 86 * Judges 4:1–24 * Acts 14:1–18 * Augsburg Confession XXVIII:19–29
Readings* Psalm 16 * Psalm 139 * Judges 3:7–31 * Acts 13:42–52 * Augsburg Confession XXVIII:1–18
Readings* Psalm 2 * Psalm 78 * Judges 2:6–23 * Acts 13:13–41 * Augsburg Confession XXVII:44–62
Readings* Psalm 100 * Psalm 5 * Joshua 24:1–31 * Acts 13:1–12 * Augsburg Confession XXVII CommemorationToday we commemorate Isaiah. Isaiah, son of Amoz, numbers amongst the greatest of the Old Testament prophets, and is quoted more than any other in the New Testament. A contemporary of Amos, Hosea, and Micah, Isaiah prophesied to the people of Judah between about 740 and 700 BC. No Old Testament prophet more clearly prophesied about the coming of the Messiah and His Kingdom. In the words of John, Isaiah ‘saw Jesus’ glory and spoke of Him’.
Readings* Psalm 68 * Psalm 149 * Joshua 23:1–16 * Acts 12:1–25 * Augsburg Confession XXVII
Readings* Psalm 50 * Psalm 113 * Joshua 10:1–25 * Acts 11:19–30 * Augsburg Confession XXVI
Readings* Psalm 84 * Psalm 45 * Joshua 8:1–28 * Acts 11:1–18 * Augsburg Confession XXVI
Readings* Psalm 51 * Psalm 60 * Joshua 7:1–26 * Acts 10:34–48 * Augsburg Confession XXV
Readings* Psalm 47 * Psalm 75 * Joshua 6:6–27 * Acts 10:18–33 * Augsburg Confession XXIV
Readings* Psalm 114 * Psalm 144 * Joshua 5:1—6:5 * Acts 10:1–17 * Augsburg Confession XXIV
Readings* Psalm 103 * Joshua 4:1–24 * Acts 9:23–43 * Augsburg Confession XXIII FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Peter and St. Paul, Apostles. Early Christian tradition holds that Ss. Peter and Paul were martyred on the same day in Rome under the persecution of Nero. In addition to their joint commemoration on June 29th (a festival the Church has observed since the third century or so), Ss. Peter and Paul are also commemorated separately in the calendar — St. Peter on the 18th of January for his confession of Christ and St. Paul on the 25th of January for his conversion. Both Peter and Paul are held up in Scripture as examples of men who, although flawed, became staunch defenders of and evangelists for the faith.
Readings Psalm 51 * Joshua 2:1–24 * Acts 8:26–40 * Augsburg Confession XXI CommemorationToday we commemorate Cyril of Alexandria, Pastor and Confessor*. Cyril became Archbishop of Alexandria in AD 412. A true defender of the faith and orthodoxy, Cyril produced a number of writings dealing with various theological matters. Cyril’s Christology had a significant impact on later theologians. Additionally, Cyril defended the truth that it is proper to call Mary the “Mother of God” or Theotokos, the ‘God-bearer’.
Readings* Psalm 31 * Joshua 1:1–18 * Acts 8:1–25 * Augsburg Confession XX:19–40 CommemorationToday we commemorate Jeremiah. Prophet to the southern kingdom of Judah, Jeremiah predicted, witnessed, and lived through the Babylonian siege and destruction of Jerusalem. Through a lifetime of prophetic work, Jeremiah communicated God’s anger toward His rebellious people and often suffered at the hands of his countrymen. Although his death is unrecorded, it is believed that Jeremiah died in Egypt, after having been forcibly transported there.
Readings* Psalm 119:41–48 * Psalm 73 * Proverbs 31:10–31 * John 21:1–25 * Augsburg Confession XX:1–18 CommemorationToday we commemorate the Presentation of the Augsburg Confession. Presented to the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at Augsburg, Germany, on 25 June 1530, the Augsburg Confession presents the theology of the Lutheran Church and of the Reformation. At the heart of the Confession is justification by grace alone through faith alone for the sake of Christ alone — presented primarily in Article IV, often called the ‘article on which the Church stands or falls’. Through the Augsburg Confession, the Lutheran Reformers began the arduous task of removing the corruption that had crept into the Church over centuries and restoring to its rightful place the true core of Christianity: Justificatio Sola Gratia Sola Fide Solo Christo — justification by grace alone through faith alone by and through Christ alone.
Readings* Psalm 85 * Proverbs 30:1–33 * John 20:19–31 * Augsburg Confession XVII–XIX FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist. The birth of St. John the Baptist was announced, by an angel, to his father, Zechariah. Initially unbelieving, Zechariah was struck mute until his son was born, but then proclaimed a hymn of praise, the Benedictus — which traditionally serves as the Gospel Canticle in the Church’s Service of Morning Prayer. John’s life is known from all four of the Gospels. Preaching and baptizing in the wilderness near the Jordan River, John prepared the way for the Messiah — Christ. Upon seeing Christ, John announced to the crowds: “Behold, the Lamb of God, Who takes away the sins of the world!” Martyred by the Herodians, whose immoral lifestyle he denounced, John is remembered for his preaching which pointed to the coming Messiah, the Lamb Who takes away the sins of the world.
Readings* Psalm 139 * Psalm 16 * Proverbs 27:1–24 * John 20:1–18 * Augsburg Confession XIV–XVI
Readings* Psalm 22 * Psalm 21 * Proverbs 24:1–22 * John 19:1–22 * Augsburg Confession IX–XI
Readings* Psalm 45 * Proverbs 22:22—23:12 * John 18:15–40 * Augsburg Confession VII–VIII
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 102 * Proverbs 22:1–21 * John 18:1–14 * Augsburg Confession V–VI
Readings* Psalm 147 * Proverbs 16:1–24 * John 16:1–16 * Augsburg Confession Preface:1–24
Readings* Psalm 97 * Psalm 85 * Numbers 32:1–27 * Luke 24:1–27 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XII:39–40 CommemorationToday we commemorate Elisha. Son of Shaphat from the tribe of Issachar, Elisha was the prophet of God to the Northern Kingdom of Israel for decades. A vocal opponent of Baal worship, Elisha, unlike his predecessor and mentor, Elijah, played an active role in political affairs. In the course of his ministry, Elisha performed many miracles, confirming his status as a prophet sent by God.
Readings* Psalm 138 * Psalm 38 * Numbers 27:12–23 * Luke 23:26–56 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XII:28–38
Readings* Psalm 1 * Psalm 37 * Numbers 24:1–25 * Luke 23:1–25 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XII:1–27 CommemorationToday we commemorate the Ecumenical Council of Nicaea. Convoked in AD 325 by Roman Emperor Constantine, the Council of Nicaea ruled against the Arians, who taught that Jesus was not the eternal Son of God, but was a created being. The chief opponents of the Arians were Alexander, Bishop of Alexandria, and Athanasius, deacon to Alexander. It was at this council that an early version of the Nicene Creed was adopted — the full version being adopted in its entirety at the Council of Constantinople in AD 381.
Readings* Psalm 22 * Psalm 102 * Numbers 23:4–28 * Luke 22:47–71 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:94–96 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Barnabas, Apostle. A Levite from Cyprus, Barnabas sold some land that he owned and donated the proceeds to the early Christian community in Jerusalem. Sent to oversee the Church in Antioch, Barnabas retrieved Paul from Tarsus and accompanied him back to Antioch, and from there to Paul’s first missionary journey. Tradition holds that Barnabas was martyred in Cyprus, by being stoned.
Readings* Psalm 94 * Psalm 149 * Numbers 22:21—23:3 * Luke 22:24–46 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:87–93
Readings* Psalm 128 * Psalm 72 * Numbers 22:1–20 * Luke 22:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:76–86
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 58 * Numbers 21:10–35 * Luke 21:20–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:65–75
Readings* Psalm 116 * Psalm 109 * Numbers 20:22—21:9 * Luke 20:45—21:19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:53–64
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 110 * Numbers 20:1–21 * Luke 20:19–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:45–52
Readings Psalm 80 * Psalm 91 * Numbers 16:41—17:13 * Luke 20:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:38–44 CommemorationToday we commemorate Boniface of Mainz, Missionary to the Germans*. Born in England, educated as a monk, and ordained a presbyter, Boniface decided to become a missionary. Granted a papal commission in AD 719, Boniface set to work planting, organizing, and reforming churches in Hesse, Thuringia, and Bavaria. In AD 743, now as an archbishop, Boniface was assigned to the See of Mainz. A little over a decade later, in AD 754, Boniface was martyred by a group of pagans while working in (what would become) the Netherlands. Boniface is remembered for his faith and his tireless work in spreading the Word to Germanic Europe.
Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 9 * Numbers 16:23–40 * Luke 19:29–48 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:33–37
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 45 * Numbers 16:1–22 * Luke 19:11–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:27–32
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 142 * Numbers 14:26–45 * Luke 18:35—19:10 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:14–26
Readings* Psalm 81 * Psalm 9 * Numbers 14:1–25 * Luke 18:18–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:8–13
Readings* Psalm 119:97–104 * Psalm 122 * Numbers 13:1–3, 17–33 * Luke 18:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration XI:1–7 FeastToday we observe the Visitation. While pregnant with Jesus, the Virgin Mary visited her relative, Elizabeth, who was then pregnant with John the Baptist, another child conceived under miraculous circumstances. In the presence of Christ, John ‘leaps’ in his mother’s womb, foreshadowing his role as forerunner of the Messiah. This presence of the Messiah also caused Elizabeth to proclaim Mary’s blessedness and Mary responded with the Magnificat, a summation of her place in salvation history and God’s gracious gifts.
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 8 * Numbers 11:24—12:16 * Luke 17:20–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration X:26–31
Readings* Psalm 130 * Psalm 47 * Numbers 11:1–35 * Luke 17:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration X:19–25
Readings* Psalm 62 * Psalm 19 * Numbers 10:11–36 * Luke 16:19–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration X:13–18
Readings* Psalm 85 * Psalm 18 * Numbers 9:1–23 * Luke 16:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration X:5–12
Readings* Psalm 103 * Psalm 70 * Numbers 8:5–26 * Luke 15:11–32 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IX, X:1–4
Readings Psalm 135 * Psalm 60 * Numbers 3:1–16, 39–48 * Luke 14:25—15:10 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:88–96 CommemorationToday we commemorate Bede the Venerable, Theologian*. Bede was the last of the Early Church Fathers. Placed in a monastery at the age of seven, Bede rarely left his monastery home and devoted his life to teaching and writing. A prolific writer, Bede produced both histories and theological works — his commentaries are still used today. Bede’s most well-known disciple, Cuthbert, reported that Bede was working on translating the Gospel of John at the time of his death. Bede is buried in Durham Cathedral.
Readings* Psalm 63 * Psalm 78 * Leviticus 26:21–44 * Luke 14:1–24 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:85–87 CommemorationToday we commemorate Esther. Esther, who is the heroine of the Biblical book that bears her name, became the queen of King Ahasuerus. Using her position of power, Esther was able to uncover a plot to exterminate her people and have the architect of that plot hanged, and his office filled by her uncle and guardian, Mordecai. Esther’s story reveals to us how God works to preserve His saints and to deliver them from evil.
Readings* Psalm 119:33–40 * Psalm 81 * Leviticus 26:1–20 * Luke 13:18–35 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:77–84
Readings* Psalm 52 * Psalm 107 * Leviticus 24:1–23 * Luke 12:54—13:17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:71–76
Readings Psalm 116 * Psalm 123 * Leviticus 23:23–44 * Luke 12:35–53 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:66–70 CommemorationToday we commemorate Emperor Constantine, Christian Ruler, and Helena, Mother of Constantine*. Emperor Constantine converted from paganism to Christianity and became both a defender and a supporter of the Church. Pursuant to the Edict of Milan, issued in AD 313, persecution of Christians became illegal in the Roman Empire. And it was Constantine who called the Council of Nicaea in AD 325; it was this council that defined and defended orthodox Christianity. Helena, Constantine’s mother, took a particular interest in archaeology and in locating historical sites related to Christianity; she would become one of the first Christian pilgrims to the Holy Land, and she identified a number of Biblical sites — some of which are still, to this day, maintained as places of worship.
Readings* Psalm 127 * Psalm 92 * Leviticus 23:1–22 * Luke 12:13–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:61–65
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 25 * Leviticus 21:1–24 * Luke 12:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:53–60
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 150 * Leviticus 20:1–27 * Luke 11:37–54 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:46–52
Readings* Psalm 36 * Psalm 39 * Leviticus 19:9–37 * Luke 11:14–36 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:38–45
Readings* Psalm 119:1–8 * Psalm 116 * Leviticus 18:1—19:8 * Luke 11:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:31–37
Readings* Psalm 17 * Psalm 89 * Leviticus 17:1–16 * Luke 10:23–42 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:23–30
Readings* Psalm 19 * Psalm 50 * Leviticus 16:1–24 * Luke 10:1–22 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:16–22
Readings* Psalm 25 * Psalm 141 * Leviticus 10:1–20 * Luke 9:37–62 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:7–15
Readings* Psalm 119:129–138 * Psalm 96 * Leviticus 9:1–24 * Luke 9:18–36 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VIII:1–6
Readings Psalm 45 * Psalm 132 * Leviticus 8:1–36 * Luke 9:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:124–128 CommemorationToday we commemorate Cyril and Methodius, Missionaries to the Slavs*. Cyril and Methodius were brothers from a Greek family from Thessalonica. Ordained as priests, the brothers were sent, in AD 862, to what is today the Czech Republic, where they taught the Christian faith in the region’s native tongue. As part of this mission, Cyril created the alphabet that is today known as Cyrillic, in order to write down Scripture and liturgy. The use of the vernacular by Cyril and Methodius set an important precedent for future missionary work.
Readings* Psalm 41 * Psalm 76 * Exodus 40:17–38 * Luke 8:40–56 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:116–123
Readings* Psalm 107 * Psalm 115 * Exodus 39:32—40:16 * Luke 8:22–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:107–115 CommemorationToday we commemorate Job. Job was a blameless and upright man from Uz — a land north of Canaan. God permitted Job to be severely tested, and Job held steadfast to his faith in his Redeemer and in the Resurrection. At the end of the Book of Job, God explains that it is not for man to know the mysteries of God. We commemorate Job for his staunch faith and as a model of Christian suffering.
Readings* Psalm 119:145–152 * Psalm 20 * Exodus 38:21—39:31 * Luke 8:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:104–106
Readings Psalm 84 * Psalm 23 * Exodus 34:29—35:21 * Luke 7:36–50 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:91–103 CommemorationToday we commemorate C. F. W. Walther, Theologian*. Father of the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod, Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm Walther emigrated from Saxony in Germany with other Lutherans in 1839. Settling in Missouri, he served as pastor of several congregations in St. Louis, founded Concordia Seminary, and was instrumental in the formation of the LCMS in 1847. Walther would serve as president of the Synod from 1847 to 1850 and then again from 1864 to 1878. Walther worked tirelessly to promote Confessional Lutheranism in the US. A prolific writer and speaker, Walther’s works are still widely used today, particularly including his book on the distinction between Law and Gospel.
Readings* Psalm 86 * Psalm 34 * Exodus 34:1–28 * Luke 7:18–35 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:85–90
Readings Psalm 80 * Psalm 27 * Exodus 33:1–23 * Luke 7:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:77–84 CommemorationToday we commemorate Friedrich the Wise, Christian Ruler*. Elector of Saxony from 1486 to 1525, Friedrich the Wise was instrumental to the Reformation. Although he never met Luther, Friedrich aided Luther significantly, including refusing to extradite Luther when the pope demanded it in 1518 and arranging for Luther to be ‘kidnapped’ and safely hidden in Wartburg Castle after the Diet of Worms. Beloved of his subjects, Friedrich was called “the Wise” for his sense of fairness and his justice. Upon his deathbed, Friedrich received the Lord’s Supper in both kinds — a clear confession of his Lutheran faith.
Readings Psalm 119:49–56 * Psalm 79 * Exodus 32:15–35 * Luke 6:39–49 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:73—76 CommemorationToday we commemorate Friedrich Wyneken, Pastor and Missionary*. Along with C. F. W. Walther and Wilhelm Sihler, Friedrich Wyneken was one of the founding fathers of the LCMS. Born in Germany in 1810, Wyneken came to Baltimore, Maryland, in 1838, and then accepted a call to Friedheim and Fort Wayne in Indiana. During his life, Wyneken would serve as missionary in Indiana, Ohio, and Michigan, including among the Amerindian population; would help found — along with Wilhelm Loehe and Sihler — Concordia Theological Seminary in Fort Wayne; and would serve as the second president of the LCMS. Wyneken is remembered for his dedication to preaching and spreading the Word of God and for his commitment to right doctrine and the Lutheran faith.
Readings* Psalm 106 * Psalm 68 * Exodus 32:1–14 * Luke 6:20–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:69–72
Readings Psalm 92 * Exodus 31:1–18 * Luke 6:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:62–68 CommemorationToday we commemorate Athanasius of Alexandria, Pastor and Confessor*. Born in Alexandria around AD 295, Athanasius would later serve as bishop of that city — a post he held for forty-five years. At the Council of Nicaea in AD 325, Athanasius defended Christian orthodoxy against the Arian heretics. Exiled five times and nearly murdered twice, Athanasius remained steadfast in his faith and lived his final days restored to his ecclesiastical office. The Athanasian Creed is named in his honor, because it confesses the truth of the divinity of Christ, which Athanasius championed during his life.
Readings* Psalm 119:25–32 * Psalm 9 * Exodus 25:1–22 * Luke 5:17–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:59–61 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Philip and St. James, Apostles. St. Philip, from Bethsaida in Galilee, was one of the first disciples called by Christ. In turn, Philip would bring Nathanael to Jesus. According to tradition, Philip labored and died in Phrygia. St. James, son of Alphaeus and Mary (one of the faithful women who stood at the foot of the cross), is little mentioned in the New Testament and there are no sure records concerning his work after the resurrection or his death. We commemorate these two men as followers of and workers for Jesus Christ, our Lord.
Readings* Psalm 99 * Psalm 79 * Exodus 24:1–18 * Luke 5:1–16 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:52–58
Readings* Psalm 26 * Psalm 41 * Exodus 23:14–33 * Luke 4:31–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:48–51
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 103 * Exodus 22:20—23:13 * Luke 4:16–30 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:42–47
Readings* Psalm 119:9–16 * Psalm 91 * Exodus 20:1–24 * Luke 4:1–15 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:35–41
Readings* Psalm 30 * Psalm 68 * Exodus 19:1–25 * Hebrews 13:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:28–34
Readings* Psalm 145 * Psalm 94 * Exodus 18:5–27 * Hebrews 12:1–24 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:17–27 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Mark, Evangelist. Author of the second Gospel, Mark was originally from Jerusalem, where his mother’s home served as the center of the Church in that city. Mark would accompany Paul and Barnabas from Jerusalem to Antioch and then from Antioch on Paul’s first missionary journey. Barnabas would then go on a second missionary journey with Mark to Cyprus. Tradition holds that Mark was instrumental in founding the Church in Alexandria, where he served as the first bishop and died a martyr’s death.
Readings* Psalm 114 * Psalm 136 * Exodus 17:1–16 * Hebrews 11:1–29 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:9–16
Readings* Psalm 134 * Psalm 135 * Exodus 16:13–35 * Hebrews 10:19–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VII:1–8
Readings* Psalm 13 * Psalm 59 * Exodus 15:1–18 * Hebrews 9:1–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VI:15–20
Readings* Psalm 81 * Psalm 40 * Exodus 15:19—16:12 * Hebrews 10:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VI:21–26
Readings* Psalm 96 * Psalm 107 * Exodus 14:10–31 * Hebrews 7:23—8:13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VI:7–14
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 76 * Psalm 102 * Exodus 13:17—14:9 * Hebrews 7:1–22 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration VI:1–6
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 136 * Psalm 51 * Exodus 12:29—13:16 * Lamentations 5:1–22 * Hebrews 6:1–20 * Psalm 22 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration V:23–27
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 110 * Psalm 38 * Exodus 12:1–28 * Lamentations 4:1–22 * Hebrews 5:1–14 * Psalm 31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration V:16–22
Readings* Psalm 89 * Psalm 32 * Exodus 10:21—11:10 * Lamentations 3:1–66 * Hebrews 4:1–16 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration V:11–15
Readings* Psalm 88 * Psalm 77 * Psalm 6 * Exodus 9:29—10:20 * Lamentations 2:1–22 * Hebrews 3:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration V:7–10
Readings* Psalm 35 * Psalm 71 * Psalm 143 * Exodus 9:1–28 * Lamentations 1:1–22 * Hebrews 2:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration V:1–6
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 45 * Psalm 130 * Exodus 8:1–32 * Psalm 118 * Hebrews 1:1–14 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:37–40
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 51 * Exodus 7:1–25 * Mark 16:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:33–36
Readings* Psalm 22 * Psalm 38 * Exodus 5:1—6:1 * Mark 15:33–47 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:21–32
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 32 * Exodus 4:19–31 * Mark 15:16–32 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:14–20
Readings* Psalm 18 * Psalm 23 * Psalm 6 * Exodus 4:1–18 * Mark 15:1–15 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:6–13
Readings* Psalm 39 * Psalm 5 * Psalm 143 * Exodus 2:23—3:22 * Mark 14:53–72 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration IV:1–5
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 116 * Psalm 130 * Exodus 2:1–22 * Mark 14:32–52 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:59–67
Readings* Psalm 129 * Psalm 81 * Psalm 102 * Exodus 1:1–22 * Mark 14:12–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:54–58
Readings* Psalm 44 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 49:29—50:26 * Mark 14:1–11 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:44–53
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 17 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 47:1–31 * Mark 13:24–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:36–43
Readings* Psalm 82 * Psalm 18 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 45:1–28 * Mark 13:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:30–35
Readings* Psalm 26 * Psalm 16 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 44:1–34 * Mark 12:28–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:24–29
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 43:1–28 * Mark 12:13–27 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:18–23
Readings* Psalm 3 * Psalm 7 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 42:1–38 * Mark 12:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:8–17
Readings* Psalm 60 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 41:28–57 * Mark 11:20–33 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration III:1–7
Readings* Psalm 11 * Psalm 118 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 41:1–27 * Mark 11:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:84–90
Readings* Psalm 49 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 40:1–23 * Mark 10:32–52 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:74–83
Readings* Psalm 106 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 39:1–23 * Mark 10:13–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:67–73
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 37:1–36 * Mark 10:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:61–66
Readings* Psalm 105 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 35:1–29 * Mark 9:33–50 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:55–60 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Annunciation of Our Lord. The angel Gabriel appeared to Mary and announced that she had found favor with the Lord and would bear a son. The same Spirit that hovered over the water back in Genesis would “come upon” and “overshadow” Mary, and conceive in her virgin womb Christ, our Lord and Savior. The Ancient Church believed the crucifixion took place on the 25th, and so we celebrate the Annunciation on the same day, as the day of one’s conception and the day of one’s death were linked in antiquity.
Readings Psalm 38 * Psalm 54 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 29:1–30 * Mark 9:14–32 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:48–54 CommemorationToday we commemorate St. Simon of Trent, Martyr*. Murdered by Jews in Trent (now Trento in northern Italy), St. Simon was not quite three years old when he died. Jews in the city of Trent kidnapped and murdered St. Simon via exsanguination as part of their religious rituals connected to the Jewish Passover. His body was discovered by a Christian servant who reported the matter to the local authorities. Subsequent to a papal investigation, fifteen Jews were sentenced to death and burned at the stake for the murder. St. Simon serves as a reminder that God’s children will always be hated and attacked by those who have rejected God and serve another master.
Readings* Psalm 129 * Psalm 79 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 27:30—28:22 * Mark 9:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:39–47
Readings* Psalm 2 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 27:1–29 * Mark 8:22–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:27–38
Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 24:32–67 * Mark 8:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:24–26
Readings* Psalm 28 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 24:1–31 * Mark 7:24–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:18–23
Readings* Psalm 66 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 22:1–19 * Mark 7:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:14–17
Readings* Psalm 126 * Psalm 127 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 21:1–21 * Mark 6:35–56 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:9–13
Readings Psalm 91 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 18:1–15 * Mark 6:14–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:5–8 CommemorationToday we commemorate St. Patrick, Missionary to Ireland*. Born around AD 389 in Britain, St. Patrick is one of the best known saints. Captured by raiders as a teenager, he was transported to Ireland and forced to work as a shepherd. After escaping from captivity and living in France (as a monk), he returned to Ireland to spread the Gospel. Tradition holds that St. Patrick died on 17 March around the year AD 466.
Readings* Psalm 139 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 16:1—17:22 * Mark 6:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration II:1–4
Readings* Psalm 32 * Psalm 3 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 15:1–21 * Mark 5:21–43 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:58–62
Readings* Psalm 73 * Psalm 133 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 13:1–18 * Mark 5:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:50–57
Readings* Psalm 107 * Psalm 47 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 11:27—12:20 * Mark 4:21–41 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:43–49
Readings* Psalm 74 * Psalm 126 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 8:13—9:17 * Mark 4:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:33–42
Readings* Psalm 104 * Psalm 124 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 7:11—8:12 * Mark 3:20–35 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:16–32
Readings* Psalm 2 * Psalm 77 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 6:1—7:5 * Mark 3:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:5–15
Readings* Psalm 79 * Psalm 42 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 4:1–26 * Mark 2:18–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration I:1–4
Readings* Psalm 12 * Psalm 14 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 3:1–24 * Mark 2:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Summary, Foundation, Rule, and Norm 14–20
Readings* Psalm 9 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 2:4–25 * Mark 1:29–45 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Summary, Foundation, Rule, and Norm 9–13
Readings* Psalm 8 * Psalm 128 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 1:20—2:3 * Mark 1:14–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Summary, Foundation, Rule, and Norm 1–8
Readings* Psalm 136 * Psalm 90 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 1:1–19 * Mark 1:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Introduction Day of FastingToday we observe Ash Wednesday. During the forty days of Lent, the baptized children of God cleanse their hearts through repentance, prayer, fasting, almsgiving, and the like. During Lent, we prepare our hearts for the Paschal Feast — Easter. Traditional Christian denominations will hold services that include the imposition of ashes. The ashes remind us of the wages of sin, of Christ’s atoning sacrifice, and of our mortality:
“[F]or dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return.”
Readings* Psalm 2 * Psalm 83 * Job 36:1–21 * John 11:38–57 * Formula of Concord: Epitome VIII:19–39
Readings* Psalm 116 * Psalm 138 * Job 34:10–33 * John 11:17–37 * Formula of Concord: Epitome VIII:10–18
Readings* Psalm 116 * Psalm 119:49–56 * Job 33:19—34:9 * John 11:1–16 * Formula of Concord: Epitome VIII:1–9
Readings* Psalm 82 * Psalm 140 * Job 33:1–18 * John 10:22–42 * Formula of Concord: Epitome VII:1–20
Readings* Psalm 66 * Psalm 119:169–176 * Job 31:1–40 * John 9:24–41 * Formula of Concord: Epitome VI
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 119:89–96 * Job 30:16–31 * John 9:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Epitome V
Readings* Psalm 3 * Psalm 119:73–80 * Job 21:1–21 * John 8:39–59 * Formula of Concord: Epitome IV:5–19
Readings* Psalm 112 * Psalm 119:57–64 * Job 20:1–29 * John 8:21–38 * Formula of Concord: Epitome III:12–23, IV:1–4
Readings* Psalm 30 * Psalm 22 * Job 19:1–27 * John 8:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Epitome III:1–11 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of St. Matthias, Apostle. A lesser-known apostle, Matthias was one of the seventy-two sent out by Jesus and was selected by lot to replace Judas. Early Church tradition is split on Matthias, with some contending that he journeyed to Ethiopia and others contending he journeyed to Armenia. However, it is in Trier, Germany, at the Church of St. Matthias, that the body of the apostle is interred. He is the only apostle buried in Europe north of the Alps.
Readings Psalm 42 * Psalm 52 * Job 18:1–21 * John 7:32–53 * Formula of Concord: Epitome II:7–19 CommemorationToday we commemorate Polycarp of Smyrna, Pastor and Martyr. A disciple of John, Polycarp was bishop of Smyrna for many years before he was arrested, tried, and executed for his faith in approximately AD 155. The Martyrdom of Polycarp*, an eyewitness narrative, continues to encourage believers, particularly in times of persecution, even to this day.
Readings* Psalm 25 * Psalm 114 * Job 17:1–16 * John 7:14–31 * Formula of Concord: Epitome II:1–6
Readings* Psalm 84 * Psalm 64 * Job 16:1–22 * John 7:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Epitome I:11–25
Readings* Psalm 16 * Psalm 90 * Job 15:1–35 * John 6:60–71 * Formula of Concord: Epitome I:1–10
Readings* Psalm 53 * Psalm 30 * Job 14:1–22 * John 6:41–59 * Epitome of the Formula of Concord, Summary Content, Rule, and Norm
Readings Psalm 105 * Job 13:13–28 * John 6:22–40 * Smalcald Articles, III, XIV–XV CommemorationToday we commemorate Martin Luther, Doctor and Confessor*. Born on 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, Germany, Martin Luther originally studied law. After a close brush with death during a storm, Luther switched to studying theology and entered an Augustinian monastery in 1505, when he was twenty-one years old. Luther received his doctorate in theology in 1512. Teaching at the newly established University of Wittenberg, Luther began to question some of the doctrines of Rome. Luther’s investigation of the Scriptures and of Roman doctrine led to the posting of the “Ninety-Five Theses” on the door of Castle Church in Wittenberg — the spark that started the Reformation.
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 77 * Job 13:1–12 * John 6:1–21 * Smalcald Articles, III, IX–XIII
Readings* Psalm 91 * Psalm 119:1–8 * Job 12:1–25 * John 5:30–47 * Smalcald Articles, III, VIII
Readings* Psalm 57 * Psalm 1 * Job 11:1–20 * John 5:19–29 * Smalcald Articles, III, IV–VII CommemorationToday we commemorate Philemon and Onesimus. Onesimus was a slave, owned by Philemon, who ran away from his master. Somehow, Onesimus came into contact with Paul while Paul was in prison. At the urging of Paul, and with an accompanying letter, Onesimus returned to his master. In his letter, Paul urged Philemon to receive Onesimus as a beloved brother, instead of as a runaway slave, as one might expect; however, Paul also, notably, did not command or ask Philemon to free Onesimus.
Readings Psalm 119:153–160 * Psalm 35 * Job 10:1–22 * John 5:1–18 * Smalcald Articles, III, III:29–45 CommemorationToday we commemorate Valentine, Martyr*. Executed under Emperor Claudius on account of his refusal to renounce the Christian faith, Valentine has long been remembered in the Western Church as an example for all Christians. Today, Valentine’s Day continues to celebrate Valentine, and the tradition of exchanging written expressions of love derives from a note with words of encouragement that Valentine wrote for one of the children of his jailer. Even the irregularity of the shape of the piece of paper on which Valentine wrote his note has carried forward, after a fashion, into modern commemorations on Valentine’s Day.
Readings* Psalm 95 * Psalm 70 * Job 9:1–35 * John 4:46–54 * Smalcald Articles, III, III:20–28
Readings* Psalm 95 * Psalm 70 * Job 9:1–35 * John 4:46–54 * Smalcald Articles, III, III:20–28
Readings* Psalm 38 * Job 6:14–30 * John 3:22—4:6 * Smalcald Articles, III, I–II CommemorationToday we commemorate Silas, Fellow Worker of St. Peter and St. Paul. A leader in the Church at Jerusalem, Silas was chosen by Paul to accompany him on his second missionary journey. Imprisoned with Paul in Philippi, Silas also experienced the rioting in Thessalonica and Berea. Tradition holds that Silas was the first Bishop of Corinth.
Readings* Psalm 23 * Psalm 87 * Job 6:1–13 * John 3:1–21 * Smalcald Articles, IV, II:10–16
Readings* Psalm 4 * Psalm 18 * Job 4:1–21 * John 2:1–12 * Smalcald Articles, II, II:25–29, III
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 74 * Job 3:11–26 * John 1:35–51 * Smalcald Articles, II, II:11–24
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 88 * Job 2:1—3:10 * John 1:19–34 * Smalcald Articles, II, II:1–10 CommemorationToday we commemorate Jacob, Patriarch of OT Israel. Born the younger of Isaac and Rebekah’s twin sons, Jacob was the third of the patriarchs of OT Israel. After wrestling with the Angel of the Lord, Jacob (whose name means ‘deceiver’) was renamed to Israel (which means ‘he strives with God’). Jacob lived a life of strife and trouble, due in no small part to his own deceptions toward his brother and father. The deceptive nature of Jacob would carry on to his sons, who would sell their brother Joseph into slavery and lie to their father. By the grace of God, Joseph became prominent in Egypt and was reunited with Jacob, who then died in Egypt after blessing and prophesying about his sons.
Readings* Psalm 47 * Psalm 135 * Zechariah 14:1–21 * Titus 2:7—3:15 * Smalcald Articles, Preface 8–15
Readings* Psalm 75 * Psalm 104 * Zechariah 12:1—13:9 * Titus 1:1—2:6 * Smalcald Articles, Preface 1–7 FestivalToday we celebrate the Feast of the Purification of Mary and the Presentation of Our Lord. Thirty-two days after Jesus was circumcised, He comes to the Temple to fulfill the requirements of the OT law. In offering the alternative sacrifice (two turtledoves or two pigeons instead of a lamb), Joseph and Mary reveal their humble circumstances. In his Nunc Dimmitis, Simeon announces the inauguration of God’s consolation and redemption in and through Christ, and also prophesies concerning the destiny of Jesus.
Readings* Psalm 28 * Psalm 48 * Zechariah 11:4–17 * 2 Timothy 4:1–18 * Large Catechism V:75–87
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 68 * Zechariah 10:1—11:3 * 2 Timothy 3:1–17 * Large Catechism V:58–74
Readings* Psalm 12 * Psalm 133 * Zechariah 6:1—7:14 * Romans 16:17–27 * Large Catechism V:15–30
Readings Psalm 1 * Psalm 109 * Zechariah 4:1—5:11 * Romans 15:14–33 * Large Catechism V:1–14 CommemorationToday we commemorate John Chrysostom, Preacher*. Born around AD 347, St. John was instructed in the Christian faith by his mother, Anthusa. After holding a number of lesser offices, John became patriarch of Constantinople in AD 398. John was given the added name “Chrysostom”, which means ‘golden-mouthed’ in Greek, for his simple, but direct, messages that were beloved by all who heard them. Eventually exiled from Constantinople, after coming into conflict with the local authorities due to his determination to reform the church, the court, and the city, John continued to preach and write right up until his death in AD 407. His reported last words were “Glory be to God for all things! Amen.”
Readings* Psalm 18 * Psalm 134 * Zechariah 2:1—3:10 * Romans 15:1–13 * Large Catechism IV:68–86 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Titus, Pastor and Confessor. Like Timothy, St. Titus was a friend and coworker of St. Paul. Whereas it is not known if Titus accompanied Paul on his first and second missionary journeys, it is known that Titus accompanied Paul on his third missionary journey, along with Barnabas, to Jerusalem to bring aid during a famine. Likely after the trip to Jerusalem, Paul and Titus parted ways, with Titus staying in Crete and eventually working in Dalmatia and then, according to tradition, serving as bishop in Crete until his death in about AD 96.
Readings* Psalm 6 * Psalm 67 * Zechariah 1:1–21 * Romans 14:1–23 * Large Catechism IV:56–67 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of the Conversion of St. Paul. Originally a zealous persecutor of the Church, St. Paul (then Saul of Tarsus) met Christ on the road to Damascus. Blinded by a bright light, Saul heard the words “Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting Me?” to which Saul replied “Who are You, Lord?” to which Christ replied “I am Jesus, Whom you are persecuting.” Upon arriving in Damascus, Saul was sought by a disciple named Ananias, who had been sent by the Lord to heal Saul. Upon receiving his sight, Saul was baptized and went on to become the Apostle Paul, a man whom God called ‘a chosen instrument … to carry [Christ’s] name before the nations’.
Readings* Psalm 131 * Psalm 84 * Joel 3:1–21 * Romans 12:14—13:14 * Large Catechism IV:47–55 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Timothy, Pastor and Confessor. Best remembered as a companion of St. Paul, St. Timothy grew up in a Christian household. After meeting Paul on his (Paul’s) second missionary journey, Timothy accompanied Paul on further missionary journeys and was with Paul in Rome. According to tradition, Timothy was martyred in Ephesus around AD 97, where he served as bishop after Paul’s martyrdom in Rome.
Readings* Psalm 139 * Psalm 81 * Joel 2:18–32 * Romans 11:25—12:13 * Large Catechism IV:32–46
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 121 * Joel 2:1–17 * Romans 11:1–24 * Large Catechism IV:17–31
Readings* Psalm 117 * Psalm 97 * Ezekiel 47:1–23 * Romans 9:19–33 * Large Catechism III:112–124
Readings* Psalm 15 * Psalm 126 * Ezekiel 44:1–29 * Romans 9:1–18 * Large Catechism III:99–111
Readings* Psalm 44 * Psalm 124 * Ezekiel 40:1–4; 41:1–12 * Romans 8:18–39 * Large Catechism III:85–98 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of The Confession of St. Peter. In response to Christ’s challenge: “But who do you say that I am?”, Simon Peter replied, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” This — Peter’s confession — is the rock upon which the Church is built. As Christ makes clear, it is not “flesh and blood [that] [reveals]” this truth, but “[the] Father Who is in Heaven”.
Here in Matthew, and elsewhere in the NT, Christ makes clear that He gives the Keys to the entire Church, not to Peter alone, and with the Keys the power to bind and to loose: “whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in Heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in Heaven.” As the Smalcald Articles state:
The Keys are an office and power given by Christ to the Church for binding and loosing sin. This applies not only to gross and well-known sins, but also the subtle, hidden sins that are known only to God. As it is written, “Who can discern his errors?” (Psalm 19:12).
It is truly this confession of Peter — that Christ is the Son of the living God — upon which the Church is founded, with Christ as cornerstone.
Readings* Psalm 76 * Psalm 137 * Ezekiel 39:1–29 * Romans 7:21—8:17 * Large Catechism III:71–84
Readings* Psalm 36 * Psalm 54 * Ezekiel 38:1–23 * Romans 7:1–20 * Large Catechism III:59–70
Readings* Psalm 104 * Psalm 79 * Ezekiel 36:33—37:14 * Romans 5:1–21 * Large Catechism III:35–48
Readings* Psalm 32 * Psalm 51 * Ezekiel 36:13–28 * Romans 4:1–25 * Large Catechism III:25–34
Readings* Psalm 63 * Psalm 59 * Ezekiel 34:1–24 * Romans 3:19–31 * Large Catechism III:14–24
Readings* Psalm 7 * Psalm 14 * Ezekiel 33:1–20 * Romans 3:1–18 * Large Catechism III:1–13
Readings Psalm 85 * Psalm 58 * Ezekiel 18:1–32 * Romans 2:17–29 * Large Catechism II:63–70 CommemorationToday we commemorate Basil the Great of Caesarea, Gregory of Nazianzus, and Gregory of Nyssa, Pastors and Confessors*. Collectively known as the Cappadocian Fathers, Basil and the two Gregorys were leaders of the Christian Church in Asia Minor (modern Turkey) in the fourth century. Basil and Gregory of Nyssa were brothers, and Gregory of Nazianzus was their friend. All three men were influential in shaping the theology ratified by the Council of Constantinople, which would later be enshrined in the Nicene Creed.
Readings* Psalm 62 * Psalm 32 * Ezekiel 3:12–27 * Romans 2:1–16 * Large Catechism II:55–62
Readings* Psalm 19 * Psalm 100 * Ezekiel 2:1—3:11 * Romans 1:18–32 * Large Catechism II:47–54
Readings* Psalm 46 * Psalm 45 * Ezekiel 1:1–28 * Romans 1:1–17 * Large Catechism II:34–46
Readings* Psalm 45 * Psalm 72 * Isaiah 66:1–20 * Luke 3:21–38 * Large Catechism II:25–33 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Epiphany of Our Lord. Although the feast of Epiphany commemorates no particular, concrete event, it is one of the most important days in the liturgical calendar — one of the principal feasts. On Epiphany, we remember that the God who became man in Bethlehem — that the Babe in the manger — needed present no proof that He was true man, but that He did indeed need to prove that He was true God. He did this superabundantly with the manifestations of the Trinity and the signs, wonders, and miracles that dot the pages of the New Testament record. In the Western Church tradition, Epiphany has become associated with the visit of the Magi, and this is fitting, for the Magi represent all the nations that were brought into the New Covenant through Christ — the true epiphany being the revelation of Christ as Lord, God, Savior, and King.
Readings* Psalm 40 * Psalm 65 * Isaiah 63:15—65:7 * Luke 2:41–52 * Large Catechism II:1–8
Readings* Psalm 108 * Psalm 110 * Isaiah 63:1–14 * Luke 2:21–40 * Large Catechism I:324–333
Readings Psalm 62 * Psalm 98 * Isaiah 62:1–12 * Luke 2:1–20 * Large Catechism I:311–323 CommemorationToday we commemorate J. K. Wilhelm Löhe, Pastor*. Johann Konrad Wilhelm Löhe served as the pastor of Neuendettelsau in the Bavarian Alps in the 1800s. Although he never left Germany, Löhe had a significant impact on Lutheranism in North America. Recognizing the need for Church workers, Löhe assisted in the training of missionary pastors to be sent to the New World and Australia. A number of the men sent by Löhe would become founders of what is today the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod (the LCMS). It was also due in part to Löhe’s financial backing that a theological school in Fort Wayne, IN, and a teachers’ institute in Saginaw, MI, were established. Löhe is widely recognized and fondly remembered for his confessional integrity and his dedication to Christian charity.
Readings* Psalm 113 * Psalm 21 * Isaiah 61:1–11 * Luke 1:57–80 * Large Catechism I:303–310 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Circumcision and Name of Jesus. Per tradition, Jesus was circumcised on the eighth day and given the name “Jesus” as the angel had proclaimed. Under the Old Covenant, circumcision brought the benefits of forgiveness of sins, justification, and incorporation into the people of God. Under the New Covenant, circumcision is no longer necessary or effective; it has been replaced by Baptism, which is called, by St. Paul, a “circumcision made without hands” and “the circumcision of Christ”.
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 8 * Isaiah 60:1–22 * Luke 1:39–56 * Large Catechism I:292–302
Readings* Psalm 89 * Psalm 132 * Isaiah 58:1—59:21 * Luke 1:26–38 * Large Catechism I:276–291
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 93 * Isaiah 55:1–13 * Luke 1:1–25 * Large Catechism I:263–275 CommemorationToday we commemorate David. David was the greatest of the kings of OT Israel, and ruled from about 1010 to 970 BC. Although David’s private conduct showed a mixture of good and bad, it was his fierce loyalty to God that defined his life and his reign. Under David, God fulfilled many of the promises to OT Israel, notably uniting Israel into a single nation with its capital at Jerusalem. Of course, God’s greatest promise would be fulfilled through the promised King — Christ, our Lord.
Readings* Psalm 9 * Psalm 31 * Isaiah 52:13—54:10 * Matthew 2:13–23 * Large Catechism I:254–262 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of The Holy Innocents, Martyrs. Threatened by the prophecies concerning a “King of the Jews”, King Herod plotted to find and kill Jesus using the Wise Men, but was thwarted in that plan when the Wise Men went back to their lands by another route. Angered and still plotting to thwart the prophecy, Herod had all male children in and around Bethlehem who were two years old or younger murdered. We commemorate these innocents as a reminder of the depravity, brutality, and evil that can take residence in the human heart and of the persecution Jesus suffered even before His earthly ministry had begun. By the hand of God, Jesus was spared from being numbered amongst the slain, for His path led to a different death — on a cross at Golgotha, to pay the price for our sins.
Readings* Psalm 72 * Psalm 92 * Isaiah 51:17—52:12 * Matthew 2:1–12 * Large Catechism I:245–253 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. John, Apostle and Evangelist. St. John, son of Zebedee and brother of James the Elder, was among the first disciples to be called by Jesus, and became known as “the disciple whom Jesus loved”. During Christ’s ministry, John witnessed many of Christ’s miracles, was present for the Transfiguration, went with Peter to reserve the upper room for the Last Supper, and, alone among the Disciples, did not forsake Christ during His Passion, remaining near Christ through the crucifixion. From the cross, Jesus made John guardian of Mary, His mother. John would go on to be a founding father of the Early Church. From John, we have the fourth Gospel, three Epistles, and the Book of Revelation, which was revealed to him while he was banished to Patmos by Emperor Domitian. John outlived all of the other Apostles, dying in Ephesus at around age one hundred.
Readings* Psalm 34 * Psalm 60 * Isaiah 49:22—51:16 * Matthew 1:18–25 * Large Catechism I:234–244 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Stephen, Martyr. St. Stephen was one of the first seven deacons of the Church, appointed to distribute food and other necessities to the poor of the growing Christian community. In addition to such duties, the deacons also taught and preached. When some of his colleagues became jealous, they brought him before the Sanhedrin on false charges of blasphemy. Before the Sanhedrin, Stephen confessed his faith in Christ and rebuked members of the Sanhedrin for rejecting the Messiah. Infuriated, the Sanhedrin had Stephen dragged outside the city and stoned. Honored as the first martyr of the Church, Stephen is remembered for his dying words: “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.” and “Lord, do not hold this sin against them.”
Readings* Psalm 96 * Psalm 150 * Isaiah 49:1–18 * Matthew 1:1–17 * Large Catechism I:222–233 FeastToday we celebrate the Nativity of Our Lord. During the Season of Advent, we prepared for the coming of Christ, and, now, on the 25th of December, Christmas Day, we celebrate the birth of our Lord, God, Savior, and King. Christ’s birth was the fulfillment of part of the prophecy back in Genesis 3:15, and the promise would be completely fulfilled in Christ’s death, resurrection, and ascension. In His birth, Christ humbled Himself and took on human flesh — true God became true Man. In order to save you from your sins, God did not send a mere prophet; rather, He sent His only begotten Son to take your place on the cross and die for your sins. His death is our life — what Luther called a ‘wonderful exchange’.
Readings* Psalm 98 * Psalm 2 * Isaiah 44:21—45:25 * Revelation 12:1–17 * Large Catechism I:211–221
Readings* Psalm 39 * Psalm 144 * Isaiah 43:25—44:20 * Revelation 11:1–19 * Large Catechism I:199–210
Readings* Psalm 115 * Psalm 125 * Isaiah 43:1–24 * Revelation 9:13—10:11 * Large Catechism I:189–198
Readings* Psalm 102 * Isaiah 42:1–25 * Revelation 9:1–12 * Large Catechism I:179–188 CommemorationToday we celebrate the festival of St. Thomas, Apostle. Remembered, perhaps unfairly, as ‘doubting Thomas’, it was Thomas who said: “Unless I see in His hands the mark of the nails, and place my finger into the mark of the nails, and place my hand into His side, I will never believe.” When Jesus appeared again to the disciples with Thomas present, Thomas, displaying his faith, declared: “My Lord and my God!” According to tradition, Thomas traveled eastward after Pentecost and eventually reached India (where a group who call themselves the “Christians of St. Thomas” still exists). Thomas was martyred for the faith by being speared to death.
Readings* Psalm 119:25–32 * Psalm 141 * Isaiah 40:18—41:10 * Revelation 8:1–13 * Large Catechism I:167–178 CommemorationToday we commemorate Katharina Luther, née von Bora. Born in 1499, Katharina von Bora was placed into a convent when she was still a child and became a nun in 1515. In April of 1523, Katharina, along with eight other nuns, was rescued from the convent and brought to Wittenberg. In Wittenberg, Martin Luther helped the rescued nuns return to their families or start families of their own. Although initially hesitant to marry — as he feared assassination or execution by Rome — Luther believed that he must place his faith in God and practice what he preached. Katharina and Luther were married on 13 June 1525. God blessed the Luthers’ marriage with six children, and Katharina skillfully managed the Luther household. Although she suffered financial difficulties after Luther’s death in 1546, Katharina remained steadfast in her faith and her care for her children and others. Amongst her last recorded words, Katharina, on her deathbed, said that she would ‘stick to Christ as a burr to cloth.’
Readings* Psalm 103 * Psalm 19 * Isaiah 40:1–17 * Revelation 7:1–17 * Large Catechism I:158–166 CommemorationToday we commemorate Adam and Eve. Father and mother to us all, Adam and Eve were the first two human beings created by God’s own hands. Adam, formed from the dust, was created first and Eve, formed from one of Adam’s ribs to be his companion, was created second. Failing to obey God and listening to the Serpent’s temptation, Eve ate of the fruit of the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, which God had forbidden, and Adam, forsaking his role as head, joined her in rebellion. For their disobedience, they were driven from the Garden; by their disobedience, death entered the world. Nevertheless, in the midst of the tragedy of the Fall, God promised that the woman’s Seed — Christ, the Savior — would crush the Serpent’s head. In His death on the cross and His resurrection from the dead, Christ defeated sin, death, and the devil — fulfilling the promise of Genesis 3:15. As Luther commented: ‘God arranged to remove through Christ whatever the devil brought in through Adam.’
Readings* Psalm 119:81–88 * Psalm 145 * Isaiah 34:1—35:10 * Revelation 6:1–17 * Large Catechism I:150–157
Readings* Psalm 80 * Deuteronomy 4:21–40 * Matthew 8:1–17 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XV, 1–12
Readings* Psalm 119:9–16 * Psalm 125 * Deuteronomy 4:1–20 * Matthew 7:13–29 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIV, 24–28
Readings* Psalm 3 * Psalm 2 * Deuteronomy 3:1–29 * Matthew 7:1–12 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIII, 14–23
Readings* Psalm 130 * Psalm 51 * Deuteronomy 2:16–37 * Matthew 6:16–34 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIII, 1–13
Readings* Psalm 119:161–168 * Psalm 63 * Deuteronomy 1:37—2:15 * Matthew 6:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIb, 77–81
Readings Psalm 19 * Psalm 34 * Deuteronomy 1:19–36 * Matthew 5:21–48 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIb, 67–76 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of St. Michael and All Angels*. One of the archangels, tradition names Michael as patron and protector of the Church and of Christians. Mentioned in the Biblical books of Daniel, Jude, and Revelation, Michael leads the hosts of Heaven into battle against Satan and his demons — a victory assured by the blood of Christ, and announced in Revelation 12:10 by a voice from Heaven:
“Now the salvation and the power and the Kingdom of our God and the authority of His Christ have come, for the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down[.]”
Readings* Psalm 145 * Deuteronomy 1:1–18 * Matthew 5:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIb, 58–66
Readings* Psalm 91 * Malachi 3:6—4:6 * Matthew 4:12–25 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIb, 51–57
Readings* Psalm 16 * Psalm 32 * Malachi 2:1—3:5 * Matthew 4:1–11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIb, 43–50
Readings* Psalm 51 * Psalm 12 * Malachi 1:1–14 * Matthew 3:1–17 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIb, 34–42
Readings* Psalm 123 * Psalm 99 * Nehemiah 9:22–38 * 1 Timothy 6:3–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIb, 25–33
Readings* Psalm 51 * Psalm 12 * Nehemiah 9:1–21 * 1 Timothy 5:17—6:2 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIb, 16–24
Readings* Psalm 133 * Psalm 119:97–104 * Nehemiah 7:1–4; 8:1–18 * 1 Timothy 5:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIb, 1–15 CommemorationToday we commemorate Jonah. Called by God to preach in Nineveh, capital of Assyria, Jonah initially refused his call and attempted to flee. Whereas all are familiar with the story of Jonah and the whale (or large fish), the Book of Jonah focuses more on God’s mercy, patience, and compassion. Christ Himself uses the story of Jonah and the whale in describing His own death, burial, and resurrection.
Readings* Psalm 55 * Psalm 119:89–96 * Nehemiah 5:1–16; 6:1–16 * 1 Timothy 4:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIa, 83–97 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Matthew, Apostle and Evangelist. An author of one of the four Gospels, Matthew was called to follow Jesus, and, in doing so, left behind a lucrative occupation as tax collector. Church tradition is uncertain as to whether Matthew died a martyr’s death, and, if so, where.
Readings* Psalm 46 * Psalm 54 * Nehemiah 4:7–23 * 1 Timothy 3:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIa, 68–82
Readings* Psalm 136 * Nehemiah 2:11–20; 4:1–6 * 1 Timothy 2:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIa, 59–67
Readings* Psalm 118 * Nehemiah 1:1—2:10 * 1 Timothy 1:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIa, 46–58
Readings* Psalm 130 * Psalm 143 * 2 Chronicles 36:1–23 * Colossians 4:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIa, 28–45
Readings Psalm 108 * 2 Chronicles 35:1–25 * Colossians 3:1–25 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIa, 11–27 CommemorationToday we commemorate Cyprian of Carthage, Pastor and Martyr*. Living in the third century AD, Cyprian served as bishop of Carthage. Originally fleeing Carthage under the persecution of Roman Emperor Decius, Cyprian returned and set rules for those who had fallen away from the faith under persecution to return to the Church. Under later persecution by Roman Emperor Valerian, Cyprian initially hid himself, but later gave himself up to the authorities. He was beheaded in AD 258.
Readings* Psalm 1 * Psalm 4 * 2 Chronicles 34:1–33 * Colossians 2:8–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIa, 1–10
Readings* Psalm 38 * 2 Chronicles 33:1–25 * Colossians 1:24—2:7 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XI, 60–67 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of Holy Cross Day.
Readings* Psalm 27 * Psalm 31 * 2 Chronicles 32:1–22 * Colossians 1:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IX–XI
Readings* Psalm 94 * 2 Chronicles 31:1–21 * Philippians 4:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, VII, 36–50
Readings* Psalm 44 * Psalm 100 * 2 Chronicles 29:1–24 * Philippians 3:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, VII, 25–35
Readings* Psalm 58 * Psalm 53 * 2 Kings 9:1—10:29 * Philippians 2:12–30 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, VII, 16–24
Readings* Psalm 61 * Psalm 59 * 2 Kings 6:1–23 * Philippians 1:21—2:11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, VII, 1–15
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 69 * 2 Kings 5:9–27 * Philippians 1:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 269–279
Readings* Psalm 131 * Psalm 77 * 2 Kings 4:38—5:8 * Ephesians 6:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 262–268
Readings* Psalm 127 * Psalm 128 * 2 Kings 4:8–37 * Ephesians 5:15–33 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 257–261
Readings* Psalm 56 * 2 Kings 2:19–25; 4:1–7 * Ephesians 4:25—5:14 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 249–256 CommemorationToday we commemorate Zacharias and Elizabeth. Remembered as examples of faithfulness and piety, Zacharias and Elizabeth became the parents of John the Baptist despite their old age. Initially disbelieving the promise, Zacharias was struck mute by the angel who announced that Zacharias and Elizabeth would have a son; upon confirming his wife’s chosen name for their son, John, Zacharias was restored to his ability to speak. Upon regaining his speech, Zacharias sang the Benedictus, a summary of the promises in the Old Testament and a prophecy of John the Baptist’s ministry as a forerunner of Christ.
Readings* Psalm 90 * Psalm 107 * 2 Kings 2:2–18 * Ephesians 4:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 241–248 CommemorationToday we commemorate Moses. Greatest amongst the Old Testament prophets, Moses spoke with God ‘face to face’. Moses’ life was divided into three parts of forty years each: First, he lived in Egypt in the royal court, having been rescued by the daughter of pharaoh (and the intervention of God); second, he lived as a shepherd in the land of Midian after fleeing Egypt; and, third, he led Israel during the wandering in the desert. Prohibited from entering the Promised Land due to disobedience at Meribah, Moses was nevertheless allowed to view the land from Mount Nebo, where he then died and was buried (in an unknown location) by God.
Readings Psalm 119:57–64 * Psalm 108 * 1 Kings 19:1–21 * Ephesians 3:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 235–240 CommemorationToday we commemorate Gregory the Great, Pastor*. Gregory served both as mayor and, later, as bishop of Rome. Before entering full-time service in the Church, Gregory helped to strengthen a Rome weakened by enemy invasions and plague, and sold his considerable possessions and donated the proceeds to help the poor. As bishop of Rome, Gregory contributed to the Church by establishing a Church Year calendar, which some church bodies still use to this day, and overseeing musical and liturgical development, advancing missionary work in Northern Europe, and composing a book on pastoral care that would long serve as a standard in the Church.
Readings* Psalm 135 * 1 Kings 18:20–40 * Ephesians 2:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 223–234 CommemorationToday we commemorate Hannah. The favored wife of her husband, Elkanah, Hannah suffered through years of barrenness, but never gave up hope in the Lord. For her devotion, she was repaid with the birth of a son, Samuel, whom she dedicated to the service of the Lord. Hannah’s prayer of thanksgiving foreshadows the Magnificat, the Song of Mary, which would come centuries later.
Readings* Psalm 47 * Psalm 8 * 1 Kings 18:1–19 * Ephesians 1:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V 213–222 CommemorationToday we commemorate Joshua, son of Nun, of the tribe of Ephraim. Most noted for his succession of Moses as Israel’s commander-in-chief, Joshua led a life of devotion to and faith in God. From defeating the Amalekites and being in charge of the tent of meeting to scouting the land of Canaan and leading Israel across the Jordan, Joshua showed steadfast faith in God and His promises. Joshua is especially noted for his final address, in which he, like Moses before him, presented the Israelites with the path of life and the path of death, the path of obedience to God and the path of rebellion, and in which he spoke his most famous words: “But as for me and my house, we will serve the Lord.”
Readings* Psalm 68 * Psalm 70 * 1 Kings 16:29—17:24 * 2 Corinthians 9:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 205–212
Readings* Psalm 29 * Psalm 75 * 1 Kings 12:20—13:34 * 2 Corinthians 8:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 195–204
Readings* Psalm 17 * 1 Kings 11:42—12:19 * 2 Corinthians 7:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 192–194 FestivalToday we observe the Festival of The Martyrdom of St. John the Baptist. In contrast to the Festival of The Nativity of St. John the Baptist, observed on the 24th of June, this festival commemorates John the Baptist’s beheading under Herod Antipas, Tetrarch of Galilee and Perea. Last of the Old Testament prophets, John the Baptist announced the imminent coming of Christ, and fulfilled the Old Testament prophesy regarding the return of ‘Elijah’ before the Day of the Lord. Although John the Baptist’s end may seem, to this world, a foolish and ignominious one, his martyrdom was, in truth, a profound and noble participation in the Cross of Christ.
Readings Psalm 48 * 1 Kings 11:1–26 * 2 Corinthians 6:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 183–191 CommemorationToday we commemorate Augustine of Hippo, Pastor and Theologian*. Numbered amongst the greatest of the Latin Church Fathers, Augustine’s early life was marked by participation in the moral laxity of his times. Converted to Christianity, in no small part due to the devotion of his mother and the preaching of Ambrose, bishop of Milan, Augustine became a staunch defender of the orthodox Christian faith. Augustine’s writings are still widely read and treasured by the Church.
Readings Psalm 72 * 1 Kings 9:1–9, 10:1–13 * 2 Corinthians 5:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 177–182 CommemorationToday we commemorate Monica, Mother of Augustine*. Despite being widowed at a young age, Monica devoted herself to the welfare, spiritual and physical, of her children. Monica would follow her son, Augustine, to Rome and then to Milan, where she would finally see the fruit of her efforts (and the Holy Spirit’s work) as Augustine converted to Christianity.
Readings* Psalm 36 * 1 Kings 8:22–63 * 2 Corinthians 4:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 170–176
Readings* Psalm 32 * 1 Kings 7:51—8:21 * 2 Corinthians 3:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 167–169
Readings* Psalm 27 * 1 Kings 5:1–18 * 2 Corinthians 1:23—2:17 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 160–166 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Bartholomew, Apostle. Called by Christ in Galilee (in the town of Cana, where Christ performed His first miracle), Bartholomew would become one of the first of Jesus’ twelve disciples. According to Church tradition, Bartholomew brought the Gospel to Armenia, where he was martyred.
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 49 * 1 Kings 3:1–15 * 2 Corinthians 1:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 153–159
Readings* Psalm 97 * 1 Kings 2:1–27 * 1 Corinthians 13:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 148–152
Readings* Psalm 139 * 1 Kings 1:1–35 * 1 Corinthians 12:14–31 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 144–147
Readings* Psalm 51 * 2 Samuel 12:1–25 * 1 Corinthians 12:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 140–143 CommemorationToday we commemorate Samuel. Last among the judges and first among the post-Moses prophets, Samuel lived a life of devotion to God. Samuel, at God’s command, would anoint both Israel’s first king — Saul — and her second — David.
Readings Psalm 12 * Psalm 22 * 2 Samuel 11:1–27 * 1 Corinthians 11:17–34 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 137–139 CommemorationToday we commemorate Bernard of Clairvaux, Hymnwriter and Theologian*. Born into wealth, Bernard abandoned a life of affluence and entered a monastery at twenty-two. Eventually he was sent to start a new monastery, which monastery would go on to found many daughter houses, but he is best known for his preaching and hymn-writing.
Readings* Psalm 107 * Psalm 106 * 2 Samuel 7:18–29 * 1 Corinthians 10:23—11:16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 133–136
Readings Psalm 24 * 2 Samuel 7:1–17 * 1 Corinthians 9:24—10:22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 124–132 CommemorationToday we commemorate Johann Gerhard, Theologian. Born in Quedlinburg, Germany, in 1582, Gerhard would go on to become one of the most influential theologians of the Christian faith. A prolific author, Gerhard’s Loci Theologici* and many other writings, including sermons, are still widely published and read today.
Readings* Psalm 11 * Psalm 84 * 2 Samuel 6:1–19 * 1 Corinthians 9:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 119–123 CommemorationToday we commemorate Isaac. Born to Abraham and Sarah when they were, respectively, one hundred years old and ninety-one years old, Isaac (whose name means ‘laughter’), would go on to father Jacob (who would become Israel) and Esau. Taken to Mount Moriah by his father to be sacrificed at the command of God, Isaac was spared at the last moment by the provision of a ram caught in a thicket — this episode pointed forward to the substitutionary sacrifice and atonement of Christ.
Readings* Psalm 132 * 2 Samuel 5:1–25 * 1 Corinthians 8:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 112–118 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Mary, Mother of Our Lord. Mentioned throughout the Gospels, Mary was present at many of the major events in her Son’s life. Mary is especially remembered for her unconditional obedience to the will of God, her trust in her Jesus (even when she did not understand all of His words), and, above all, for being honored as the mother of Christ.
Readings* Psalm 33 * 2 Samuel 1:1–27 * 1 Corinthians 7:25–40 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 104–111
Readings* Psalm 68 * 1 Samuel 31:1–13 * 1 Corinthians 7:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 97–103
Readings* Psalm 99 * 1 Samuel 28:3–25 * 1 Corinthians 6:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 89–96
Readings* Psalm 51 * 1 Samuel 26:1–25 * 1 Corinthians 5:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 82–88
Readings* Psalm 14 * Psalm 53 * 1 Samuel 25:23–44 * 1 Corinthians 4:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 74–81 CommemorationToday we commemorate Lawrence, Deacon and Martyr. Most likely born in Spain, Lawrence eventually made his way to Rome and became chief of the seven deacons of the Church. Having control over Church property and finances, Lawrence was called before the Roman emperor, who believed the Church possessed valuable items that could be confiscated, and commanded to produce the “treasures of the Church”. In response, Lawrence brought before the emperor the poor who had benefited from Christian charity. The emperor jailed Lawerence and eventually ordered him executed — by gridiron.
Readings* Psalm 94 * 1 Samuel 25:1–22 * 1 Corinthians 3:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 68–73
Readings* Psalm 62 * 1 Samuel 24:1–22 * 1 Corinthians 1:26—2:16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 62–67
Readings* Psalm 144 * 1 Samuel 20:24–42 * 1 Corinthians 1:1–25 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 58–61
Readings* Psalm 92 * 1 Samuel 20:1–23 * Acts 28:16–31 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 51–57
Readings* Psalm 21 * 1 Samuel 19:1–24 * Acts 28:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V 45–50
Readings* Psalm 56 * 1 Samuel 18:10–30 * Acts 27:27–44 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 38–44
Readings* Psalm 68 * 1 Samuel 17:48—18:9 * Acts 27:9–26 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 26–37 CommemorationToday we commemorate Joanna, Mary, and Salome, the three faithful women who visited Christ’s tomb early on the morning of the first Easter. These women bore myrrh and others items to dress the body of Christ, but instead found the tomb empty, Christ having risen. These women serve as examples of humble service to our Lord and Savior Jesus Christ.
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 98 * 1 Samuel 17:20–47 * Acts 26:24—27:8 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 15–25
Readings* Psalm 70 * Psalm 75 * 1 Samuel 17:1–19 * Acts 26:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 9–14
Readings* Psalm 80 * 1 Samuel 16:1–23 * Acts 25:13–27 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 1–8 CommemorationToday we commemorate Joseph of Arimathea. A wealthy man from the village of Arimathea, Joseph owned an unused tomb in the vicinity of Golgotha, where Christ was crucified. A devout man, and member of the Sanhedrin, Joseph was eagerly awaiting the Kingdom of God. In contrast to many who fled for fear of the Jews, Joseph went to Pilate and requested the body of Christ, and, together with Nicodemus, placed the body in the tomb.
Readings* Psalm 50 * Psalm 130 * 1 Samuel 15:10–35 * Acts 24:24—25:12 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 115–121 CommemorationToday we commemorate Robert Barnes, Confessor and Martyr. Born in England in the late 1400s, Robert Barnes studied theology and eventually became a prior of the Augustinian monastery at Cambridge. Exiled to Germany, partly for distributing Bibles in English and for having converted to Lutheranism, Dr. Barnes would meet Martin Luther in Wittenberg, and the two would become friends. Upon his return to England, Dr. Barnes would share his Lutheran faith with King Henry VIII, who was initially receptive. However, changing political and ecclesiastical winds in England would eventually spell Dr. Barnes’ downfall. On 30 July 1540, Robert Barnes was burned at the stake on a charge of heresy, becoming one of the first Lutheran martyrs. Luther would later publish Barnes’ confession of faith, noting of Barnes that he was “[a] good, pious dinner guest and houseguest … [a] holy martyr, St. Robert Barnes.”
Readings* Psalm 119:41–48 * Psalm 13 * 1 Samuel 14:47—15:9 * Acts 24:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 107–114 CommemorationToday we commemorate Mary, Martha, and Lazarus of Bethany, whose faith is recorded in the Gospels. When Lazarus died, Jesus raised him from the dead and spoke to Martha, Lazarus’s sister: “I am the resurrection and the life; whoever believes in Me, though he die, yet shall he live, and everyone who lives and believes in me shall never die.” Later, shortly before Jesus was crucified, Mary anointed His feet with oil and wiped them with her hair — unknowingly readying Christ for burial.
Readings* Psalm 59 * Psalm 57 * 1 Samuel 13:1–18 * Acts 23:12–35 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 98–106 CommemorationToday we commemorate Johann Sebastian Bach, Kantor. Born in 1685, Bach would become one of history’s most prolific, and gifted, composers. Not only did Bach compose, but he also performed, conducted, and taught music. For the last twenty-seven years of his life, Bach was responsible for the music in the four Lutheran churches in Leipzig, where he died in 1750. A devout and devoted Lutheran, Bach bequeathed to the Church a wealth of music, which he wrote to the glory of God and for the edification of all Christians.
Readings* Psalm 119:17–24 * Psalm 141 * 1 Samuel 12:1–25 * Acts 22:30—23:11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 88–97
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 70 * 1 Samuel 10:1–27 * Acts 22:17–29 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 86–87
Readings Psalm 63 * Psalm 149 * 1 Samuel 9:1–27 * Acts 21:37—22:16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 75–85 CommemorationToday we celebrate the Festival of St. James the Elder, Apostle*. St. James, and his brother St. John, sons of Zebedee, were fishermen on the Sea of Galilee. Together with St. Peter and his brother St. Andrew, James and John were called to be disciples of Christ. Along with Peter and John, James formed a sort of ‘inner circle’ amongst the Twelve. In Acts, it is recorded that James was beheaded by Herod Agrippa I, thus making James the first among the Twelve to die a martyr.
Readings* Psalm 24 * 1 Samuel 8:1–22 * Acts 21:15–36 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 61–74
Readings* Psalm 119:113–120 * Psalm 141 * 1 Samuel 6:19—7:17 * Acts 19:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 48–60
Readings* Psalm 137 * Psalm 56 * 1 Samuel 5:1—6:16 * Acts 18:1–28 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 36–47 CommemorationToday we commemorate St. Mary Magdalene. Present at the crucifixion, Mary Magdalene had become a follower of Jesus when He cast out seven demons from her. She was also the first to see Jesus alive again after the crucifixion. The Church has long identified her with the woman who anointed Jesus’ feet with oil.
Readings* Psalm 106 * 1 Samuel 4:1–22 * Acts 16:23–40 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 22–35
Readings* Psalm 119:57–64 * Psalm 115 * 1 Samuel 3:1–21 * Acts 16:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 12–21 CommemorationToday we commemorate Elijah. Prophet to the Northern Kingdom of Israel, largely during the reign of Ahab, Elijah condemned the Baal worship that had been promoted by Ahab’s wife, Jezebel. Through Elijah, God performed many miracles, demonstrating both Elijah’s status as a true prophet and the truth of Elijah’s message condemning Israel’s idolatry. At the end of his earthly life, Elijah was taken up to Heaven in a fiery chariot.
Readings* Psalm 82 * Psalm 136 * 1 Samuel 2:18–36 * Acts 15:22–41 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, III & IV, 1–11
Readings* Psalm 20 * Psalm 131 * 1 Samuel 1:21—2:17 * Galatians 6:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, II, 35–51
Readings* Psalm 92 * 1 Samuel 1:1–20 * Galatians 5:1–26 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, II, 23–34
Readings* Psalm 21 * Judges 16:4–30 * Galatians 4:12–31 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, II, 5–22 CommemorationToday we commemorate Ruth. A native of Moab, and therefore not a natural descendant of Abraham, Ruth is the subject of the biblical book that bears her name and a study in God’s grace. During a famine in Israel, Elimelech and Naomi of Bethlehem moved to Moab with their two sons; the sons married Moabite women and then a decade or so later died, leaving the women as widows. Naomi told her daughters-in-law to return to their people, but Ruth refused, stating: “Where you go I will go, and where you lodge I will lodge. Your people shall be my people, and your God my God.” After arriving in Bethlehem, Boaz, a relative of Naomi, agreed to marry Ruth and become her ‘redeemer’. Ruth gave birth to Obed, grandfather of Kind David, making Ruth great-grandmother to one of OT Israel’s most famous kings and an ancestress of Christ.
Readings* Psalm 33 * Psalm 27 * Judges 15:1—16:3 * Galatians 3:23—4:11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, I & II, 1–4
Readings* Psalm 119:1–8 * Psalm 1 * Judges 14:1–20 * Galatians 3:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, Introduction
Readings* Psalm 71 * Judges 13:1–25 * Galatians 2:1–21 * Augsburg Confession, Conclusion
Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 108 * Judges 7:1–23 * Galatians 1:1–24 * Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 61–78
Readings* Psalm 125 * Psalm 7 * Judges 6:1–24 * Acts 14:19—15:5 * Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 30–42
Readings* Psalm 138 * Psalm 86 * Judges 4:1–24 * Acts 14:1–18 * Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 19–29
Readings* Psalm 16 * Psalm 139 * Judges 3:7–31 * Acts 13:42–52 * Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 1–18
Readings* Psalm 2 * Psalm 78 * Judges 2:6–23 * Acts 13:13–41 * Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 44–62
Readings* Psalm 100 * Psalm 5 * Joshua 24:1–31 * Acts 13:1–12 * Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 24–43 CommemorationToday we commemorate Isaiah. Isaiah, son of Amoz, numbers amongst the greatest of the Old Testament prophets, and is quoted more than any other in the New Testament. A contemporary of Amos, Hosea, and Micah, Isaiah prophesied to the people of Judah between about 740 and 700 BC. No Old Testament prophet more clearly prophesied about the coming of the Messiah and His Kingdom. In the words of John, Isaiah ‘saw Jesus’ glory and spoke of Him’.
Readings* Psalm 68 * Psalm 149 * Joshua 23:1–16 * Acts 12:1–25 * Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 1–23
Readings* Psalm 50 * Psalm 113 * Joshua 10:1–25 * Acts 11:19–30 * Augsburg Confession, XXVI, 21–45
Readings* Psalm 84 * Psalm 45 * Joshua 8:1–28 * Acts 11:1–18 * Augsburg Confession, XXVI, 1–20
Readings* Psalm 51 * Psalm 60 * Joshua 7:1–26 * Acts 10:34–48 * Augsburg Confession, XXV
Readings* Psalm 47 * Psalm 75 * Joshua 6:6–27 * Acts 10:18–33 * Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 21–41
Readings* Psalm 114 * Psalm 144 * Joshua 5:1—6:5 * Acts 10:1–17 * Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 1–20
Readings* Psalm 103 * Joshua 4:1–24 * Acts 9:23–43 * Augsburg Confession, XXIII CommemorationToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Peter and St. Paul, Apostles. Early Christian tradition holds that Ss. Peter and Paul were martyred on the same day in Rome under the persecution of Nero. In addition to their joint commemoration on June 29th (a festival the Church has observed since the third century or so), Ss. Peter and Paul are also commemorated separately in the calendar — St. Peter on the 18th of January for his confession of Christ and Paul on the 25th of January for his conversion. Both Peter and Paul are held up in Scripture as examples of men who, although flawed, became staunch defenders of and evangelists for the faith.
Readings Psalm 89 * Psalm 97 * Joshua 3:1–17 * Acts 9:1–22 * Augsburg Confession, XXII CommemorationToday we commemorate Irenaeus of Lyons, Pastor*. After studying in Rome, Irenaeus became a pastor in Lyons, France; during an absence from Lyons, a persecution arose against Christians and martyred Irenaeus’ bishop. Upon returning to Lyons, Irenaeus himself became bishop. As a writer, Irenaeus defended the Christian faith, and of particular note is a work of his against heresies — particularly Gnosticism.
Readings Psalm 51 * Joshua 2:1–24 * Acts 8:26–40 * Augsburg Confession, XXI CommemorationToday we commemorate Cyril of Alexandria, Pastor and Confessor*. Cyril became Archbishop of Alexandria in AD 412. A true defender of the faith and orthodoxy, Cyril produced a number of writings dealing with various theological matters. Cyril’s Christology had a significant impact on later theologians. Additionally, Cyril defended the truth that it is proper to call Mary the “Mother of God” or Theotokos, the ‘God-bearer’.
Readings* Psalm 31 * Joshua 1:1–18 * Acts 8:1–25 * Augsburg Confession, XX, 19–40 CommemorationToday we commemorate Jeremiah. Prophet to the southern kingdom of Judah, Jeremiah predicted, witnessed, and lived through the Babylonian siege and destruction of Jerusalem. Through a lifetime of prophetic work, Jeremiah communicated God’s anger toward His rebellious people and often suffered at the hands of his countrymen. Although his death is unrecorded, it is believed that Jeremiah died in Egypt, after having been forcibly transported there.
Readings* Psalm 119:41–48 * Psalm 73 * Proverbs 31:10–31 * John 21:1–25 * Augsburg Confession, XX, 1–18 CommemorationToday we commemorate the Presentation of the Augsburg Confession. Presented to the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V at Augsburg, Germany, on 25 June 1530, the Augsburg Confession presents the theology of the Lutheran Church and of the Reformation. At the heart of the Confession is justification by grace alone through faith alone for the sake of Christ alone — presented primarily in Article IV, often called the ‘article on which the Church stands or falls’. Through the Augsburg Confession, the Lutheran Reformers began the arduous task of removing the corruption that had crept into the Church over centuries and restoring to its rightful place the true core of Christianity: Justificatio Sola Gratia Sola Fide Solo Christo — justification by grace alone through faith alone by and through Christ alone.
Readings* Psalm 85 * Proverbs 30:1–33 * John 20:19–31 * Augsburg Confession, XVII–XIX FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Nativity of St. John the Baptist. The birth of St. John the Baptist was announced, by an angel, to his father, Zechariah. Initially unbelieving, Zechariah was struck mute until his son was born, but then proclaimed a hymn of praise, the Benedictus — which traditionally serves as the Gospel Canticle in the Church’s Service of Morning Prayer. John’s life is known from all four of the Gospels. Preaching and baptizing in the wilderness near the Jordan River, John prepared the way for the Messiah — Christ. Upon seeing Christ, John announced to the crowds: “Behold, the Lamb of God, Who takes away the sins of the world!” Martyred by the Herodians, whose immoral lifestyle he denounced, John is remembered for his preaching which pointed to the coming Messiah, the Lamb Who takes away the sins of the world.
Readings* Psalm 139 * Psalm 16 * Proverbs 27:1–24 * John 20:1–18 * Augsburg Confession, XIV–XVI
Readings* Psalm 22 * Psalm 21 * Proverbs 24:1–22 * John 19:1–22 * Augsburg Confession, IX–XI
Readings* Psalm 45 * Proverbs 22:22—23:12 * John 18:15–40 * Augsburg Confession, VII–VIII
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 102 * Proverbs 22:1–21 * John 18:1–14 * Augsburg Confession, V–VI
Readings* Psalm 147 * Proverbs 16:1–24 * John 16:1–16 * Augsburg Confession, Preface, 12–24
Readings* Psalm 51 * Psalm 10 * Proverbs 15:1–29 * John 15:12–27 * Augsburg Confession, Preface, 1–11
Readings* Psalm 66 * Proverbs 14:1–27 * John 15:1–11 * Small Catechism, Table of Duties CommemorationToday we commemorate Elisha. Son of Shaphat from the tribe of Issachar, Elisha was the prophet of God to the Northern Kingdom of Israel for decades. A vocal opponent of Baal worship, Elisha, unlike his predecessor and mentor, Elijah, played an active role in political affairs. In the course of his ministry, Elisha performed many miracles, confirming his status as a prophet sent by God.
Readings* Psalm 68 * Psalm 85 * Proverbs 13:1–25 * John 14:18–31 * Small Catechism, Table of Duties
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 101 * Proverbs 10:1–23 * John 14:1–17 * Small Catechism, Morning & Evening Prayer and Asking a Blessing & Returning Thanks CommemorationToday we commemorate the Ecumenical Council of Nicaea. Convoked in AD 325 by Roman Emperor Constantine, the Council of Nicaea ruled against the Arians, who taught that Jesus was not the eternal Son of God, but was a created being. The chief opponents of the Arians were Alexander, Bishop of Alexandria, and Athanasius, deacon to Alexander. It was at this council that an early version of the Nicene Creed was adopted — the full version being adopted in its entirety at the Council of Constantinople in AD 381.
Readings* Psalm 34 * Psalm 109 * Proverbs 9:1–18 * John 13:21–38 * Small Catechism, VI FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Barnabas, Apostle. A Levite from Cyprus, Barnabas sold some land that he owned and donated the proceeds to the early Christian community in Jerusalem. Sent to oversee the Church in Antioch, Barnabas retrieved Paul from Tarsus and accompanied him back to Antioch, and from there to Paul’s first missionary journey. Tradition holds that Barnabas was martyred in Cyprus, by being stoned.
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 106 * Proverbs 8:1–21 * John 12:36b–50 * Small Catechism, IV
Readings* Psalm 36 * Psalm 44 * Proverbs 5:1–23 * John 12:20–36a * Small Catechism, III
Readings* Psalm 119:9–16 * Psalm 118 * Proverbs 4:1–27 * John 12:1–19 * II of the Small Catechism, II
Readings* Psalm 119:169–176 * Psalm 89 * Proverbs 3:5–24 * John 11:38–57 * Small Catechism, I
Readings Psalm 72 * Psalm 63 * Proverbs 1:8–33 * John 11:17–37 * Small Catechism, Preface, 19–27 CommemorationToday we commemorate Boniface of Mainz, Missionary to the Germans*. Born in England, educated as a monk, and ordained a presbyter, Boniface decided to become a missionary. Granted a papal commission in AD 719, Boniface set to work planting, organizing, and reforming churches in Hesse, Thuringia, and Bavaria. In AD 743, now as an archbishop, Boniface was assigned to the See of Mainz. A little over a decade later, in AD 754, Boniface was martyred by a group of pagans while working in (what would become) the Netherlands. Boniface is remembered for his faith and his tireless work in spreading the Word to Germanic Europe.
Readings* Psalm 61 * Psalm 27 * Ecclesiastes 12:1–14 * John 11:1–16 * Small Catechism, Preface, 9–18
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 82 * Ecclesiastes 11:1–10 * John 10:22–42 * Small Catechism, Preface, 1–8
Readings* Psalm 9 * Psalm 23 * Ecclesiastes 10:1–20 * John 10:1–21 * the Doctors and Preachers Who Subscribed to the Augsburg Confession and Apology
Readings Psalm 97 * Psalm 115 * Ecclesiastes 9:1–17 * John 9:24–41 * Power and Primacy of the Pope, 68–82 CommemorationToday we commemorate Justin, Martyr*. Raised in a pagan family, Justin was a convert to Christianity who would become a Christian teacher in Ephesus and Rome. Arrested due to his refusal to make pagan sacrifices, Justin was tried and executed along with six other Christians. The record of the trial proceedings before Rusticius, a Roman prelate, documents Justin’s confession of faith, and served as a source of great encouragement for other believers.
Readings* Psalm 146 * Ecclesiastes 8:1–17 * John 9:1–23 * Power and Primacy of the Pope, 52–67
Readings* Psalm 43 * Psalm 111 * Ecclesiastes 7:11–29 * John 8:39–59 * Power and Primacy of the Pope, 39–51
Readings* Psalm 104 * Ecclesiastes 6:1—7:10 * John 8:21–38 * Power and Primacy of the Pope, 25–38
Readings* Psalm 32 * Ecclesiastes 5:1–20 * John 8:1–20 * Power and Primacy of the Pope, 1–24
Readings* Psalm 86 * Song of Solomon 1:1—2:7 * John 5:1–18 * Preface to the Book of Concord, 1–4
Readings* Psalm 97 * Psalm 85 * Numbers 32:1–6, 16–27 * Luke 24:1–27 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XII, 39–40
Readings* Psalm 132 * Psalm 38 * Numbers 27:12–23 * Luke 23:26–56 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XII, 28–38
Readings* Psalm 1 * Psalm 37 * Numbers 24:1–25 * Luke 23:1–25 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XII, 1–27
Readings* Psalm 22 * Psalm 102 * Numbers 23:4–28 * Luke 22:47–71 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 94–96
Readings* Psalm 94 * Psalm 149 * Numbers 22:21—23:3 * Luke 22:24–46 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 87–93
Readings* Psalm 128 * Psalm 72 * Numbers 22:1–20 * Luke 22:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 76–86
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 58 * Numbers 21:10–35 * Luke 21:20–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 65–75
Readings* Psalm 116 * Psalm 109 * Numbers 20:22—21:9 * Luke 20:45—21:19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 53–64
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 110 * Numbers 20:1–21 * Luke 20:19–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 45–52
Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 9 * Numbers 16:23–40 * Luke 19:29–48 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 33–37
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 45 * Numbers 16:1–22 * Luke 19:11–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 27–32
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 142 * Numbers 14:26–45 * Luke 18:35—19:10 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 14–26
Readings* Psalm 81 * Psalm 9 * Numbers 14:1–25 * Luke 18:18–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 8–13
Readings Psalm 119:97–104 * Psalm 122 * Numbers 13:1–3, 17–33 * Luke 18:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 1–7 CommemorationToday we commemorate Cyril and Methodius, Missionaries to the Slavs*. Cyril and Methodius were brothers from a Greek family from Thessalonica. Ordained as priests, the brothers were sent, in AD 862, to what is today the Czech Republic, where they taught the Christian faith in the region’s native tongue. As part of this mission, Cyril created the alphabet that is today known as Cyrillic, in order to write down Scripture and liturgy. The use of the vernacular by Cyril and Methodius set an important precedent for future missionary work.
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 8 * Numbers 11:24—12:16 * Luke 17:20–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, X, 26–31
Readings* Psalm 130 * Psalm 47 * Numbers 11:1–35 * Luke 17:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, X, 19–25
Readings* Psalm 62 * Psalm 19 * Numbers 10:11–36 * Luke 16:19–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, X, 13–18
Readings Psalm 85 * Psalm 18 * Numbers 9:1–23 * Luke 16:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, X, 5–12 CommemorationToday we commemorate C. F. W. Walther, Theologian*. Father of the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod, Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm Walther emigrated from Saxony in Germany with other Lutherans in 1839. Settling in Missouri, he served as pastor of several congregations in St. Louis, founded Concordia Seminary, and was instrumental in the formation of the LCMS in 1847. Walther would serve as president of the Synod from 1847 to 1850 and then again from 1864 to 1878. Walther worked tirelessly to promote Confessional Lutheranism in the US. A prolific writer and speaker, Walther’s works are still widely used today, particularly including his book on the distinction between Law and Gospel.
Readings* Psalm 103 * Psalm 70 * Numbers 8:5–26 * Luke 15:11–32 * Article IX and ¶¶ 1–4 of Article X of the Solid Declaration of the Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IX and X, 1–4
Readings Psalm 135 * Psalm 60 * Numbers 3:1–16, 39–48 * Luke 14:25—15:10 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 88–96 CommemorationToday we commemorate Friedrich the Wise, Christian Ruler*. Elector of Saxony from 1486 to 1525, Friedrich the Wise was instrumental to the Reformation. Although he never met Luther, Friedrich aided Luther significantly, including refusing to extradite Luther when the pope demanded it in 1518 and arranging for Luther to be ‘kidnapped’ and safely hidden in Wartburg Castle after the Diet of Worms. Beloved of his subjects, Friedrich was called “the Wise” for his sense of fairness and his justice. Upon his deathbed, Friedrich received the Lord’s Supper in both kinds — a clear confession of his Lutheran faith.
Readings Psalm 63 * Psalm 78 * Leviticus 26:21–44 * Luke 14:1–24 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 85–87 CommemorationToday we commemorate Friedrich Wyneken, Pastor and Missionary*. Along with C. F. W. Walther and Wilhelm Sihler, Friedrich Wyneken was one of the founding fathers of the LCMS. Born in Germany in 1810, Wyneken came to Baltimore, Maryland, in 1838, and then accepted a call to Friedheim and Fort Wayne in Indiana. During his life, Wyneken would serve as missionary in Indiana, Ohio, and Michigan, including among the Amerindian population; would help found — along with Wilhelm Loehe and Sihler — Concordia Theological Seminary in Fort Wayne; and would serve as the second president of the LCMS. Wyneken is remembered for his dedication to preaching and spreading the Word of God and for his commitment to right doctrine and the Lutheran faith.
Readings* Psalm 119:33–40 * Psalm 81 * Leviticus 26:1–20 * Luke 13:18–35 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 77–84
Readings Psalm 52 * Psalm 107 * Leviticus 24:1–23 * Luke 12:54—13:17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 71–76 CommemorationToday we commemorate Athanasius of Alexandria, Pastor and Confessor*. Born in Alexandria around AD 295, Athanasius would later serve as bishop of that city — a post he held for forty-five years. At the Council of Nicaea in AD 325, Athanasius defended Christian orthodoxy against the Arian heretics. Exiled five times and nearly murdered twice, Athanasius remained steadfast in his faith and lived his final days restored to his ecclesiastical office. The Athanasian Creed is named in his honor, because it confesses the truth of the divinity of Christ, which Athanasius championed during his life.
Readings* Psalm 116 * Psalm 123 * Leviticus 23:23–44 * Luke 12:35–53 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 66–70 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Philip and St. James, Apostles. St. Philip, from Bethsaida in Galilee, was one of the first disciples called by Christ. In turn, Philip would bring Nathanael to Jesus. According to tradition, Philip labored and died in Phrygia. St. James, son of Alphaeus and Mary (one of the faithful women who stood at the foot of the cross), is little mentioned in the New Testament and there are no sure records concerning his work after the resurrection or his death. We commemorate these two men as followers of and workers for Jesus Christ, our Lord.
Readings* Psalm 127 * Psalm 92 * Leviticus 23:1–22 * Luke 12:13–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 61–65
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 25 * Leviticus 21:1–24 * Luke 12:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 53–60
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 150 * Leviticus 20:1–27 * Luke 11:37–54 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 46–52
Readings* Psalm 36 * Psalm 39 * Leviticus 19:9–37 * Luke 11:14–36 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 38–45
Readings* Psalm 119, vv 1–8 * Psalm 116 * Leviticus 18:1—19:8 * Luke 11:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 31–37
Readings* Psalm 17 * Psalm 89 * Leviticus 17:1–16 * Luke 10:23–42 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 23–30 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Mark, Evangelist. Author of the second Gospel, Mark was originally from Jerusalem, where his mother’s home served as the center of the Church in that city. Mark would accompany Paul and Barnabas from Jerusalem to Antioch and then from Antioch on Paul’s first missionary journey. Barnabas would then go on a second missionary journey with Mark to Cyprus. Tradition holds that Mark was instrumental in founding the Church in Alexandria, where he served as the first bishop and died a martyr’s death.
Readings Psalm 19 * Psalm 50 * Leviticus 16:1–24 * Luke 10:1–22 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 16–22 CommemorationToday we commemorate Johann Walter, Kantor*. Having begun his service — as a composer and bass singer — in the court of Frederick the Wise at the age of twenty-one, Johann Walter would go on to publish a collection of hymns that would become the basis of many subsequent hymnals. Walter would serve for a total of thirty years as kantor in the cities of Torgau and Dresden. Additionally, he aided Martin Luther in the preparation of the German Mass.
Readings* Psalm 25 * Psalm 141 * Leviticus 10:1–20 * Luke 9:37–62 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 7–15
Readings* Psalm 119:129–138 * Psalm 96 * Leviticus 9:1–24 * Luke 9:18–36 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 1–6
Readings Psalm 45 * Psalm 132 * Leviticus 8:1–36 * Luke 9:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 124–128 CommemorationToday we commemorate Anselm of Canterbury, Theologian. Born in Italy, St. Anselm is most strongly and closely associated with England, where he served as Archbishop of Canterbury for many years. A brilliant scholar and writer, Anselm is best remembered for his work Why God Became Man*, which professes Christ crucified for sinners.
Readings* Psalm 41 * Psalm 76 * Exodus 40:17–38 * Luke 8:40–56 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 116–123
Readings* Psalm 107 * Psalm 115 * Exodus 39:32—40:16 * Luke 8:22–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 107–115
Readings* Psalm 119:145–152 * Psalm 20 * Exodus 38:21—39:31 * Luke 8:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 104–106
Readings* Psalm 84 * Psalm 23 * Exodus 34:29—35:21 * Luke 7:36–50 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 91–103
Readings* Psalm 86 * Psalm 34 * Exodus 34:1–28 * Luke 7:18–35 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 85–90
Readings* Psalm 80 * Psalm 27 * Exodus 33:1–23 * Luke 7:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 77–84
Readings* Psalm 119:49–56 * Psalm 79 * Exodus 32:15–35 * Luke 6:39–49 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 73–76
Readings* Psalm 106 * Psalm 68 * Exodus 32:1–14 * Luke 6:20–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 69–72
Readings* Psalm 92 * Exodus 31:1–18 * Luke 6:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 62–68
Readings* Psalm 119:25–32 * Psalm 9 * Exodus 25:1–22 * Luke 5:17–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 59–61
Readings* Psalm 99 * Psalm 79 * Exodus 24:1–18 * Luke 5:1–16 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 52–58
Readings* Psalm 26 * Psalm 41 * Exodus 23:14–33 * Luke 4:31–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 48–51
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 103 * Exodus 22:20—23:13 * Luke 4:16–30 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 42–47
Readings* Psalm 119:9–16 * Psalm 91 * Exodus 20:1–24 * Luke 4:1–15 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 35–41
Readings* Psalm 30 * Psalm 68 * Exodus 19:1–25 * Hebrews 13:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 28–34
Readings* Psalm 145 * Psalm 94 * Exodus 18:5–27 * Hebrews 12:1–24 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 17–27
Readings* Psalm 114 * Psalm 136 * Exodus 17:1–16 * Hebrews 11:1–29 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 9–16
Readings* Psalm 134 * Psalm 135 * Exodus 16:13–35 * Hebrews 10:19–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 1–8
Readings* Psalm 81 * Psalm 40 * Exodus 15:19—16:12 * Hebrews 10:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VI, 21–26
Readings* Psalm 96 * Psalm 107 * Exodus 14:10–31 * Hebrews 7:23—8:13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VI, 7–14
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 76 * Psalm 102 * Exodus 13:17—14:9 * Hebrews 7:1–22 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VI, 1–6
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 136 * Psalm 51 * Exodus 12:29—13:16 * Hebrews 6:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, V, 23–27
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 110 * Psalm 38 * Exodus 12:1–28 * Hebrews 5:1–14 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, V, 16–22
Readings* Psalm 89 * Psalm 32 * Exodus 10:21—11:10 * Hebrews 4:1–16 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, V, 11–15
Readings* Psalm 88 * Psalm 77 * Psalm 6 * Exodus 9:29—10:20 * Hebrews 3:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, V, 7–10
Readings* Psalm 35 * Psalm 71 * Psalm 143 * Exodus 9:1–28 * Hebrews 2:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, V, 1–6 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Annunciation of Our Lord. The angel Gabriel appeared to Mary and announced that she had found favor with the Lord and would bear a son. The same Spirit that hovered overs the water back in Genesis would “come upon” and “overshadow” Mary, and conceive in her virgin womb Christ, our Lord and Savior. The Ancient Church believed the crucifixion took place on the 25th, and so we celebrate the Annunciation on the same day, as the day of one’s conception and the day of one’s death were linked in antiquity.
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 45 * Psalm 130 * Exodus 8:1–32 * Hebrews 1:1–14 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 37–40
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 51 * Exodus 7:1–25 * Mark 16:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 33–36
Readings* Psalm 22 * Psalm 38 * Exodus 5:1—6:1 * Mark 15:33–47 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 21–32
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 32 * Exodus 4:19–31 * Mark 15:16–32 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 14–20
Readings* Psalm 18 * Psalm 23 * Psalm 6 * Exodus 4:1–18 * Mark 15:1–15 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 6–13
Readings* Psalm 39 * Psalm 5 * Psalm 143 * Exodus 2:23—3:22 * Mark 14:53–72 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 1–5
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 116 * Psalm 130 * Exodus 2:1–22 * Mark 14:32–52 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 59–67
Readings* Psalm 129 * Psalm 81 * Psalm 102 * Exodus 1:1–22 * Mark 14:12–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 54–58
Readings* Psalm 44 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 49:29—50:26 * Mark 14:1–11 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 44–53
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 17 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 47:1–31 * Mark 13:24–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 36–43
Readings* Psalm 82 * Psalm 18 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 45:1–28 * Mark 13:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 30–35
Readings* Psalm 26 * Psalm 16 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 44:1–34 * Mark 12:28–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 24–29
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 43:1–28 * Mark 12:13–27 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 18–23
Readings* Psalm 3 * Psalm 7 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 42:1–38 * Mark 12:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 8–17
Readings* Psalm 60 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 41:28–57 * Mark 11:20–33 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 1–7
Readings* Psalm 11 * Psalm 118 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 41:1–27 * Mark 11:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 84–90
Readings* Psalm 49 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 40:1–23 * Mark 10:32–52 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 74–83
Readings Psalm 106 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 39:1–23 * Mark 10:13–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 67–73 CommemorationToday we commemorate Perpetua and Felicitas, Martyrs*. In the third century AD, Roman Emperor Septimus Severus forbade converting to Christianity. Among the many who disobeyed his edict were Perpetua and Felicitas, a noblewoman and her maidservant. During their imprisonment, they witnessed to others in prison, even the jailer, who himself became a Christian. Executed on 07 March 203, Perpetua and Felicitas are remembered for the firmness of their faith — even unto death.
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 37:1–36 * Mark 10:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 61–66
Readings* Psalm 105 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 35:1–29 * Mark 9:33–50 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 55–60
Readings* Psalm 38 * Psalm 54 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 29:1–30 * Mark 9:14–32 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 48–54
Readings* Psalm 129 * Psalm 73 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 27:30—28:22 * Mark 9:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 39–47
Readings* Psalm 2 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 27:1–29 * Mark 8:22–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 27–38
Readings* Psalm 13 * Psalm 59 * Exodus 15:1–18 * Hebrews 9:1–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VI, 15–20
Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 24:32–67 * Mark 8:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 24–26
Readings* Psalm 28 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 24:1–31 * Mark 7:24–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 18–23
Readings* Psalm 66 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 22:1–19 * Mark 7:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 14–17
Readings* Psalm 126 * Psalm 127 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 21:1–21 * Mark 6:35–56 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 9–13
Readings* Psalm 91 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 18:1–15 * Mark 6:14–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 5–8
Readings* Psalm 139 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 16:1—17:22 * Mark 6:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 1–4
Readings* Psalm 32 * Psalm 3 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 15:1–21 * Mark 5:21–43 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, I, 58–62 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of St. Matthias, Apostle. A lesser-known apostle, Matthias was one of the seventy-two sent out by Jesus and was selected by lot to replace Judas. Early Church tradition is split on Matthias, with some contending that he journeyed to Ethiopia and others contending he journeyed to Armenia. However, it is in Trier, Germany, at the Church of St. Matthias, that the body of the apostle is interred. He is the only apostle buried in Europe north of the Alps.
Readings* Psalm 73 * Psalm 133 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 13:1–18 * Mark 5:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, I, 50–57
Readings* Psalm 107 * Psalm 47 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 11:27—12:20 * Mark 4:21–41 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, I, 43–49
Readings* Psalm 74 * Psalm 126 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 8:13—9:17 * Mark 4:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, I, 33–42
Readings* Psalm 104 * Psalm 124 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 7:11—8:12 * Mark 3:20–35 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, I, 16–32
Readings* Psalm 2 * Psalm 77 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 6:1—7:5 * Mark 3:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, I, 5–15
Readings Psalm 79 * Psalm 42 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 4:1–26 * Mark 2:18–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, I, 1–4 CommemorationToday we commemorate Martin Luther, Doctor and Confessor*. Born on 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, Germany, Martin Luther originally studied law. After a close brush with death during a storm, Luther switched to studying theology and entered an Augustinian monastery in 1505, when he was twenty-one years old. Luther received his doctorate in theology in 1512. Teaching at the newly established University of Wittenberg, Luther began to question some of the doctrines of Rome. Luther’s investigation of the Scriptures and of Roman doctrine led to the posting of the “Ninety-Five Theses” on the door of Castle Church in Wittenberg — the spark that started the Reformation.
Readings* Psalm 12 * Psalm 14 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 3:1–24 * Mark 2:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Comprehensive Summary, Foundation, Rule, and Norm, 14–20
Readings* Psalm 9 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 2:4–25 * Mark 1:29–45 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Comprehensive Summary, Foundation, Rule, and Norm, 9–13
Readings* Psalm 8 * Psalm 128 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 1:20—2:3 * Mark 1:14–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Comprehensive Summary, Foundation, Rule, and Norm, 1–8 CommemorationToday we commemorate Philemon and Onesimus. Onesimus was a slave, owned by Philemon, who ran away from his master. Somehow, Onesimus came into contact with Paul while Paul was in prison. At the urging of Paul, and with an accompanying letter, Onesimus returned to his master. In his letter, Paul urged Philemon to receive Onesimus as a beloved brother, instead of as a runaway slave, as one might expect; however, Paul also, notably, did not command or ask Philemon to free Onesimus.
Readings* Psalm 136 * Psalm 90 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 1:1–19 * Mark 1:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, Introduction
Readings* Psalm 95 * Psalm 70 * Job 9:1–35 * John 4:46–54 * Smalcald Articles, III, III, 20–28 CommemorationToday we commemorate Aquila, Priscilla, and Apollos. Remembered as missionaries, Aquila, and his wife, Priscilla, met Paul in Corinth, where he joined them in their trade — tent-making. Later traveling with Paul from Corinth to Ephesus, they established a home in the city which served as a sort of headquarters for new converts to Christianity. One such convert was Apollos, who would become known for his preaching and teaching of the Christian faith. He would later travel to Achaia to continue his efforts to spread the Gospel.
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 99 * Job 8:1–22 * John 4:27–45 * Smalcald Articles, III, III, 10–19
Readings* Psalm 23 * Psalm 87 * Job 6:1–13 * John 3:1–21 * Smalcald Articles, II, IV, 10–16
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 122 * Job 5:1–27 * John 2:13–25 * Smalcald Articles, II, IV, 1–9
Readings* Psalm 4 * Psalm 18 * Job 4:1–21 * John 2:1–12 * Smalcald Articles, II, 25–29, III
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 74 * Job 3:11–26 * John 1:35–51 * Smalcald Articles, II, II, 11–24
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 88 * Job 2:1—3:10 * John 1:19–34 * Smalcald Articles, II, II, 1–10 CommemorationToday we commemorate Jacob, Patriarch of OT Israel. Born the younger of Isaac and Rebekah’s twin sons, Jacob was the third of the patriarchs of OT Israel. After wrestling with the Angel of the Lord, Jacob (whose name means ‘deceiver’) was renamed to Israel (which means ‘he strives with God’). Jacob lived a life of strife and trouble, due in no small part to his own deceptions toward his brother and father. The deceptive nature of Jacob would carry on to his sons, who would sell their brother Joseph into slavery and lie to their father. By the grace of God, Joseph became prominent in Egypt and was reunited with Jacob, who then died in Egypt after blessing and prophesying about his sons.
Readings* Psalm 127 * Psalm 128 * Job 1:1–22 * John 1:1–18 * Smalcald Articles, I & II, Art. II
Readings* Psalm 47 * Psalm 135 * Zechariah 14:1–21 * Titus 2:7—3:15 * Smalcald Articles, Preface, 8–15
Readings* Psalm 75 * Psalm 104 * Zechariah 12:1—13:9 * Titus 1:1—2:6 * Smalcald Articles, Preface, 1–7
Readings* Psalm 28 * Psalm 48 * Zechariah 11:4–17 * 2 Timothy 4:1–18 * Large Catechism, V, 75–87
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 68 * Zechariah 10:1—11:3 * 2 Timothy 3:1–17 * Large Catechism, V, 58–74
Readings* Psalm 12 * Psalm 133 * Zechariah 6:1—7:14 * Romans 16:17–27 * Large Catechism, V, 15–30
Readings Psalm 1 * Psalm 109 * Zechariah 4:1—5:11 * Romans 15:14–33 * Large Catechism, V, 1–14 CommemorationToday we commemorate John Chrysostom, Preacher*. Born around AD 347, St. John was instructed in the Christian faith by his mother, Anthusa. After holding a number of lesser offices, John became patriarch of Constantinople in AD 398. John was given the added name “Chrysostom”, which means ‘golden-mouthed’ in Greek, for his simple, but direct, messages that were beloved by all who heard them. Eventually exiled from Constantinople, after coming into conflict with the local authorities due to his determination to reform the church, the court, and the city, John continued to preach and write right up until his death in AD 407. His reported last words were “Glory be to God for all things! Amen.”
Readings* Psalm 18 * Psalm 134 * Zechariah 2:1—3:10 * Romans 15:1–13 * Large Catechism, IV, 68–86
Readings* Psalm 6 * Psalm 67 * Zechariah 1:1–21 * Romans 14:1–23 * Large Catechism, IV, 56–67 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of the Conversion of St. Paul. Originally a zealous persecutor of the Church, St. Paul (then Saul of Tarsus) met Christ on the road to Damascus. Blinded by a bright light, Saul heard the words “Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting Me?” to which Saul replied “Who are You, Lord?” to which Christ replied “I am Jesus, Whom you are persecuting.” Upon arriving in Damascus, Saul was sought by a disciple named Ananias, who had been sent by the Lord to heal Saul. Upon receiving his sight, Saul was baptized and went on to become the Apostle Paul, a man whom God called ‘a chosen instrument … to carry [Christ’s] name before the nations’.
Readings* Psalm 131 * Psalm 84 * Joel 3:1–21 * Romans 12:14—13:14 * Large Catechism, IV, 47–55 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Timothy, Pastor and Confessor. Best remembered as a companion of St. Paul, St. Timothy grew up in a Christian household. After meeting Paul on his (Paul’s) second missionary journey, Timothy accompanied Paul on further missionary journeys and was with Paul in Rome. According to tradition, Timothy was martyred in Ephesus around AD 97, where he served as bishop after Paul’s martyrdom in Rome.
Readings* Psalm 139 * Psalm 81 * Joel 2:18–32 * Romans 11:25—12:13 * Large Catechism, IV, 32–46
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 121 * Joel 2:1–17 * Romans 11:1–24 * Large Catechism, IV, 17–31
Readings* Psalm 20 * Psalm 13 * Joel 1:1–20 * Romans 10:1–21 * Large Catechism, IV, 1–16
Readings* Psalm 117 * Psalm 97 * Ezekiel 47:1–23 * Romans 9:19–33 * Large Catechism, III, 112–124 CommemorationToday we commemorate Sarah. Wife (and half-sister) of the patriarch Abraham, Sarah followed Abraham from Ur of the Chaldeans on his journey to Canaan. Childless until old age, Sarah was eventually blessed with a son — Isaac — who would become the second of the three major patriarchs of OT Israel, and carry on the line of the promised Messiah. Sarah is remembered for her faithfulness and her hospitality. She was buried in the Cave of Machpelah, the same cave where Abraham would also later be buried.
Readings* Psalm 15 * Psalm 126 * Ezekiel 44:1–29 * Romans 9:1–18 * Large Catechism, III, 99–111
Readings* Psalm 44 * Psalm 124 * Ezekiel 40:1–4; 41:1–12 * Romans 8:18–39 * Large Catechism, III, 85–98 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of The Confession of St. Peter. In response to Christ’s challenge: “But who do you say that I am?”, Simon Peter replied, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” This — Peter’s confession — is the rock upon which the Church is built. As Christ makes clear, it is not “flesh and blood [that] [reveals]” this truth, but “[the] Father Who is in Heaven”.
Here in Matthew, and elsewhere in the NT, Christ makes clear that He gives the Keys to the entire Church, not to Peter alone, and with the Keys the power to bind and to loose: “whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in Heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in Heaven.” As the Smalcald Articles state:
The Keys are an office and power given by Christ to the Church for binding and loosing sin. This applies not only to gross and well-known sins, but also the subtle, hidden sins that are known only to God. As it is written, “Who can discern his errors?” (Psalm 19:12).
It is truly this confession of Peter — that Christ is the Son of the living God — upon which the Church is founded, with Christ as cornerstone.
Readings* Psalm 76 * Psalm 137 * Ezekiel 39:1–29 * Romans 7:21—8:17 * Large Catechism, III, 71–84
Readings* Psalm 36 * Psalm 54 * Ezekiel 38:1–23 * Romans 7:1–20 * Large Catechism, III, 59–70
Readings* Psalm 104 * Psalm 79 * Ezekiel 36:33—37:14 * Romans 5:1–21 * Large Catechism, III, 35–48
Readings* Psalm 32 * Psalm 51 * Ezekiel 36:13–28 * Romans 4:1–25 * Large Catechism, III, 25-34
Readings* Psalm 63 * Psalm 59 * Ezekiel 34:1–24 * Romans 3:19–31 * Large Catechism, III, 14–24
Readings* Psalm 7 * Psalm 14 * Ezekiel 33:1–20 * Romans 3:1–18 * Large Catechism, III, 1–13
Readings Psalm 85 * Psalm 58 * Ezekiel 18:1–32 * Romans 2:17–29 * Large Catechism, II, 63–70 CommemorationToday we commemorate Basil the Great of Caesarea, Gregory of Nazianzus, and Gregory of Nyssa, Pastors and Confessors*. Collectively known as the Cappadocian Fathers, Basil and the two Gregorys were leaders of the Christian Church in Asia Minor (modern Turkey) in the fourth century. Basil and Gregory of Nyssa were brothers, and Gregory of Nazianzus was their friend. All three men were influential in shaping the theology ratified by the Council of Constantinople, which would later be enshrined in the Nicene Creed. All three men are commemorated for their contributions to the Church — particularly to the liturgy of the Eastern Church and to the theology of the Church universal.
Readings* Psalm 62 * Psalm 32 * Ezekiel 3:12–27 * Romans 2:1–16 * Large Catechism, II, 55–62
Readings* Psalm 19 * Psalm 100 * Ezekiel 2:1—3:11 * Romans 1:18–32 * Large Catechism, II, 47–54
Readings* Psalm 46 * Psalm 45 * Ezekiel 1:1–28 * Romans 1:1–17 * Large Catechism, II, 34–46 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Baptism of Our Lord. As recounted in the third chapter of the Gospel of Matthew (and in parallel passages in Mark, Luke, and John), Christ was baptized by John the Baptist in the Jordan River. Although John initially hesitated when asked to baptize Christ, because Christ was without sin and John knew he was in the presence of one greater than he, Christ spoke His first words in Matthew so that John would agree:
“Let it be so now, for thus it is fitting for us to fulfill all righteousness.”
On Christ’s Baptism, Luther said that:
“[Christ] accepted it from John for the reason that He was entering into our stead, indeed, our person, that is, becoming a sinner for us, taking upon Himself the sins which He had not committed, and wiping them out and drowning them in His Holy Baptism.”
This Baptism in the River Jordan marked the beginning of Christ’s ministry.
Readings* Psalm 45 * Psalm 72 * Isaiah 66:1–20 * Luke 3:21–38 * Large Catechism, II, 25–33 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Epiphany of Our Lord. Although the feast of Epiphany commemorates no particular, concrete event, it is one of the most important days in the liturgical calendar — one of the principal feasts. On Epiphany, we remember that the God who became man in Bethlehem — that the Babe in the manger — needed present no proof that He was true man, but that He did indeed need to prove that He was true God. He did this superabundantly with the manifestations of the Trinity and the signs, wonders, and miracles that dot the pages of the New Testament record. In the Western Church tradition, Epiphany has become associated with the visit of the Magi, and this is fitting, for the Magi represent all the nations that were brought into the New Covenant through Christ — the true epiphany being the revelation of Christ as Lord, God, Savior, and King.
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 10 * Isaiah 65:8–25 * Luke 3:1–20 * Large Catechism, II, 9–24
Readings* Psalm 40 * Psalm 65 * Isaiah 63:15—65:7 * Luke 2:41–52 * Large Catechism, II, 1–8
Readings* Psalm 108 * Psalm 110 * Isaiah 63:1–14 * Luke 2:21–40 * Large Catechism, I, 324–333
Readings Psalm 62 * Psalm 98 * Isaiah 62:1–12 * Luke 2:1–20 * Large Catechism, I, 311–323 CommemorationToday we commemorate J. K. Wilhelm Löhe, Pastor*. Johann Konrad Wilhelm Löhe served as the pastor of Neuendettelsau in the Bavarian Alps in the 1800s. Although he never left Germany, Löhe had a significant impact on Lutheranism in North America. Recognizing the need for Church workers, Löhe assisted in the training of missionary pastors to be sent to the New World and Australia. A number of the men sent by Löhe would become founders of what is today the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod (the LCMS). It was also due in part to Löhe’s financial backing that a theological school in Fort Wayne, IN, and a teachers’ institute in Saginaw, MI, were established. Löhe is widely recognized and fondly remembered for his confessional integrity and his dedication to Christian charity.
Readings* Psalm 113 * Psalm 21 * Isaiah 61:1–11 * Luke 1:57–80 * Large Catechism, I, 303–310 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Circumcision and Name of Jesus. Per tradition, Jesus was circumcised on the eighth day and given the name “Jesus” as the angel had proclaimed. Under the Old Covenant, circumcision brought the benefits of forgiveness of sins, justification, and incorporation into the people of God. Under the New Covenant, circumcision is no longer necessary or effective; it has been replaced by Baptism, which is called, by St. Paul, a “circumcision made without hands” and “the circumcision of Christ”.
- Numbers 6:22–27
- Psalm 8
- Galatians 3:23–29
- Luke 2:21 We will ignore the Gospel today — the Gospel reading anyway, and, even then, only until the end of this homily. Instead, let us, somewhat appropriately, begin with the first reading:
For Zion’s sake I will not keep silent, / and for Jerusalem’s sake I will not be quiet,
until her righteousness goes forth as brightness, / and her salvation as a burning torch.— Isaiah 62:1 (ESV)
Before we turn to the Christian understanding of this verse, let us look at how a Dispensationalist or a so-called American ‘Evangelical’ might interpret it. First, they will typically conflate Zion and Jerusalem — this is sometimes permissible and so of only minor concern. Second, they will interpret both terms as referring to physical locations: the city of Jerusalem and the hill on which David built his city. This is the heart of their error, but they go further. Third, they will restrict both of these terms by making them refer explicitly to the Jews. This, of course, gives away the game even more obviously than the second point: They are simply rank Judaizers.
From a little earlier in Isaiah:
It shall come to pass in the latter days / that the mountain of the house of the LORD
shall be established as the highest of the mountains
— Isaiah 2:2 (ESV)
The Judaizers would have us believe this is a literal, physical mountain. Well, we have survey data and satellite imagery. How tall is ‘Mount’ Zion? It is a hill outside Jerusalem and it is approximately twenty-five hundred feet above sea level. There is a peak nearby, under which the Appalachian Trail passes; that peak, Clingman’s Dome, is the tallest peak in Tennessee, and it is six thousand, six hundred, and forty-three feet tall. It is more than two and a half times the height of Mount Zion, which the Judaizers would tell us is literally the tallest literal mountain. I have included in the written (which is to say online) version of this homily a picture of my dog from one of my camping trips with him; the picture was taken on a rock outcropping just north of Big Baldy, which is the same height in meters as Mount Zion is in feet, which is to say that Big Baldy is more than eight thousand feet tall. The claim of the Judaizers is laughable, but is is even more pernicious. If the Old Testament is meant merely for the Israelites — the ‘Jews’ —, then it is not actually good news at all. But the Old Testament is good news and it is not the ‘book of the Jews’ or any other such nonsense. Was Adam a Jew? Was Noah a Jew? Was Japheth a Jew? Was Job a Jew? Was Abraham a Jew? The answer for all of these is, of course: No. The Gospel was first delivered to Adam and Eve (and Satan, but it is not good news for him, or for his children); neither Adam nor Eve was a Jew.
When Scripture speaks in terms of promises and ultimate things, ‘Jerusalem’ is the true city of God — the heavenly Jerusalem, the new Earth. Similarly, ‘Zion’ is the gathering of all believers into the presence of God; where God is, there Zion is. These terms are, thus, somewhat interchangeable, even if there is a difference in nuance. As a Christian, you should find comfort and truth in the Old Testament; and you should read the Old Testament with the sure, certain, and firm faith that the promises therein contained apply to you as an adopted son of God. We, the Church, are the true Israel of God, the promises have always been ours and will always be ours.
Thus, let us turn to the twin issues of adoption and inheritance. A central part of the Christian religion is the adoption of Christians as sons of God. Now, there are some very important differences between Roman adoption (the context of Scripture) and modern adoption (a false lens), but I will write more on that in the near future. For our purposes, it suffices for us to recognize that what is in view is inheritance. To be an adopted son of God in Christ is to inherit eternal life. This, of course, is the heart of the Gospel. Christ’s work, His life, His death, and His resurrection are good news because they enable us to become adopted sons of God and inheritors of eternal life in Paradise — in Zion, in the new Jerusalem.
But what do we say to those who would draw some distinction between Israel and the Church? On the one hand, we should not forget that mockery is a Christian option, but, on the other hand, we should also give a substantive answer, if not to the Judaizers, then at least for our Christian brothers. One of God’s names in Scripture is the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. For now and here, I will not focus on why this is one of God’s names; rather, I will focus on what it means, in the context of Scripture, to be a ‘son of Abraham’. Hear the words of Christ as recorded by St. John:
“If you were Abraham’s children, you would be doing the works Abraham did, but now you seek to kill me, a man who has told you the truth that I heard from God. This is not what Abraham did. You are doing the works your father did.
….
“If God were your Father, you would love me, for I came from God and I am here. I came not of my own accord, but he sent me. Why do you not understand what I say? It is because you cannot bear to hear my word. You are of your father the devil, and your will is to do your father’s desires. He was a murderer from the beginning, and does not stand in the truth, because there is no truth in him. When he lies, he speaks out of his own character, for he is a liar and the father of lies. But because I tell the truth, you do not believe me. Which one of you convicts me of sin? If I tell the truth, why do you not believe me? Whoever is of God hears the words of God. The reason why you do not hear them is that you are not of God.”
John 8:39b–41a, 42b–47 (ESV)
He calls those Jews sons of Satan instead of sons of Abraham, and He says that true sons of Abraham would follow in his works. Now, we must remember that the works for which Abraham is praised were undertaken in faith — only those works undertaken by the faithful have any value. But let us turn to the great Epistle to the Galatians to see what Scripture says about the ‘sons of Abraham’:
Tell me, you who desire to be under the law, do you not listen to the law? For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by a slave woman and one by a free woman. But the son of the slave was born according to the flesh, while the son of the free woman was born through promise. Now this may be interpreted allegorically: these women are two covenants. One is from Mount Sinai, bearing children for slavery; she is Hagar. Now Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia; she corresponds to the present Jerusalem, for she is in slavery with her children. But the Jerusalem above is free, and she is our mother. For it is written,
“Rejoice, O barren one who does not bear; / break forth and cry aloud, you who are not in labor!
For the children of the desolate one will be more / than those of the one who has a husband.”Now you, brothers, like Isaac, are children of promise. But just as at that time he who was born according to the flesh persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, so also it is now. But what does the Scripture say? “Cast out the slave woman and her son, for the son of the slave woman shall not inherit with the son of the free woman.” So, brothers, we are not children of the slave but of the free woman.
— Galatians 4:21–31 (ESV)
It is not those who are born “according to the flesh”, sondern those who are “born through promise” who are these true sons of Abraham. How is one born through promise? Look no further than the baptismal font. To be born through promise to be born again — it is to have faith. It is those who believe whom Scripture calls sons of Abraham. But what of the physical, blood descendants of Abraham who have no faith in Christ? Christ Himself calls them ‘children of their father, the devil’. For Christians, then, the matter is closed. Christians (i.e., those who believe in Christ) are children of Abraham according to the promise, and the Jews are children of Satan.
But let us look at another aspect of this. Naturally, adoption and inheritance are matters of headship and to be children of Abraham means to be inheritors of the promised Seed (i.e., Christ), but the promise did not come first to Abraham. The promise traces to the Garden:
“And I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; He will crush your head, and you will strike His heel.”
— Genesis 3:15 (LXX)
It is to Adam — the father of us all — that the Gospel is first delivered — from the very mouth of Christ, no less. We speak often of ‘the old Adam’, but we would do well to remember that there is also ‘the new Adam’, which is often used to refer to Christ, but is also true of Father Adam. Adam was no dullard — he heard and believed the promise of God spoken in the Garden. Adam believed; Adam was and is a Christian. With regard to this new, reborn Adam, you and I and all Christians are sons of Adam — both literally by blood descent and according to promise, for Christ is His head as well as ours. Adam in his day was prophet, priest, and king and he taught the faith to his sons; not all were faithful, but the one true faith was preserved down the line to faithful Noah, who taught his sons: faithful Japheth, faithful Shem, and faithless Ham. (We could draw, here, an interesting parallel: Satan took one-third of the angels with him and one-third of man found damnation in Ham’s wickedness, but let us leave that aside for now.)
We — and I mean my European brothers and sisters — are true sons and daughters of Japheth, for we share his faith. It is no less correct to call ourselves sons of Japheth than to call ourselves sons of Abraham, for the promise was for Urvater Japheth no less than for Shem, the father of Abraham.
When we are brought to faith, we are restored into the godly line that descends from Adam through Noah to his sons and then into all the world where believers may be found. The believing Shemite may look to Shem as a true father of his great race. The believing Hamite may not be able to look to wicked, faithless Ham, but he may look to Grandfather Noah. And we, sons and daughters of Japheth and Europa, may look both to our many faithful ancestors before the fall into paganism and after the restoration of Christianity. None has a spotless genealogy; even Christ must count the pagan, the unbeliever, the apostate, and the prostitute among His ancestors. We do not honor our ancestors — a demand of the Fourth Commandment — by following in their unfaithfulness, but by faithfulness to the one true ancestral faith — Christianity.
When we are adopted as sons of God, we do not cease to be lineal, blood descendants of our forefathers — the African remains a Hamite and the European remains a Japhethite; rather, we return to the faith of our godly forefathers. The Christian is no rootless cosmopolitan, sondern one who honors both God and his forefathers. God does not play with dice and God does not make mistakes; He Who formed you in the womb and knew the number of your days even before you drew your first breath is also He Who set the times and the boundaries of the nations. What God does, He does not do idly or without purpose. Scripture tells us that the kings of the nations will bring the glory of the nations into the new Jerusalem. You were born into a body, a time, a place, a nation, a people. Your blood is neither accident nor incident, but essential and immutable. If you were born a man, then you will be a man in and for eternity; if you were born a woman, then you will be a woman in and for eternity; and the same holds for German, French, Dutch, Russian, Japanese, and American. Faithful sons and daughters do not deny or denigrate their ancestry or their ancestors, and Christians are true and faithful sons and daughters, for this is commanded by God:
Thou shalt honor thy father and thy mother [that it may be well with thee and thou mayest live long upon the earth].
Let us end, then, as promised, with the Gospel reading, or, more accurately, a (very close) paraphrase of a portion of it:
Lord, now lettest Thou Thy servant depart in peace according to Thy Word, for mine eyes have seen Thy salvation, which Thou hast prepared before the face of all people, a light to lighten the nations and the glory of Thy people Israel.
We end our Service of the Sacrament with these words, for they express the hope of all Christians: To depart in peace and grace, having seen and believed the promises of the Lord. We see these promises every Sunday in the Sacrament and we confess our belief every Sunday in the Creeds. It is the Gottesdienst, the Divine Service, that prepares each and every one of us for death. God knows the number of our days, but we do not; the Christian takes from this comfort instead of fear or anxiety. I am Christ’s and He is mine. And the Good Shepherd has never yet — and never will — lose one of his sheep. He is the Light to lighten the nations and we are His people — the true Israel. Whenever — and however — death may come — and it will certainly come for each of us —, we know that Christians depart in peace, for our eyes have seen the salvation of the Lord, and will behold His face when they open on the other side of the veil of death, for our God has defeated death and the grave.
Amen.
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 8 * Isaiah 60:1–22 * Luke 1:39–56 * Large Catechism, I, 292–302
Readings* Psalm 89 * Psalm 132 * Isaiah 58:1—59:21 * Luke 1:26–38 * Large Catechism, I, 276–291
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 93 * Isaiah 55:1–13 * Luke 1:1–25 * Large Catechism, I, 263–275 CommemorationToday we commemorate David. David was the greatest of the kings of OT Israel, and ruled from about 1010 to 970 BC. Although David’s private conduct showed a mixture of good and bad, it was his fierce loyalty to God that defined his life and his reign. Under David, God fulfilled many of the promises to OT Israel, notably uniting Israel into a single nation with its capital at Jerusalem. Of course, God’s greatest promise would be fulfilled through the promised King — Christ, our Lord.
Readings* Psalm 9 * Psalm 31 * Isaiah 52:13—54:10 * Matthew 2:13–23 * Large Catechism, I, 254–262 CommemorationToday we celebrate the Festival of The Holy Innocents, Martyrs. Threatened by the prophecies concerning a “King of the Jews”, King Herod plotted to find and kill Jesus using the Wise Men, but was thwarted in that plan when the Wise Men went back to their lands by another route. Angered and still plotting to thwart the prophecy, Herod had all male children in and around Bethlehem who were two years old or younger murdered. We commemorate these innocents as a reminder of the depravity, brutality, and evil that can take residence in the human heart and of the persecution Jesus suffered even before His earthly ministry had begun. By the hand of God, Jesus was spared from being numbered amongst the slain, for His path led to a different death — on a cross at Golgotha, to pay the price for our sins.
Readings* Psalm 72 * Psalm 92 * Isaiah 51:17—52:12 * Matthew 2:1–12 * Large Catechism, I, 245–253 CommemorationToday we celebrate the Festival of St. John, Apostle and Evangelist. St. John, son of Zebedee and brother of James the Elder, was among the first disciples to be called by Jesus, and became known as “the disciple whom Jesus loved”. During Christ’s ministry, John witnessed many of Christ’s miracles, was present for the Transfiguration, went with Peter to reserve the upper room for the Last Supper, and, alone among the Disciples, did not forsake Christ during His Passion, remaining near Christ through the crucifixion. From the cross, Jesus made John guardian of Mary, His mother. John would go on to be a founding father of the Early Church. From John, we have the fourth Gospel, three Epistles, and the Book of Revelation, which was revealed to him while he was banished to Patmos by Emperor Domitian. John outlived all of the other Apostles, dying in Ephesus at around age one hundred.
Readings* Psalm 34 * Psalm 60 * Isaiah 49:22—51:16 * Matthew 1:18–25 * Large Catechism, I, 234–244 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Stephen, Martyr. St. Stephen was one of the first seven deacons of the Church, appointed to distribute food and other necessities to the poor of the growing Christian community. In addition to such duties, the deacons also taught and preached. When some of his colleagues became jealous, they brought him before the Sanhedrin on false charges of blasphemy. Before the Sanhedrin, Stephen confessed his faith in Christ and rebuked members of the Sanhedrin for rejecting the Messiah. Infuriated, the Sanhedrin had Stephen dragged outside the city and stoned. Honored as the first martyr of the Church, Stephen is remembered for his dying words: “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.” and “Lord, do not hold this sin against them.”
Readings* Psalm 96 * Psalm 150 * Isaiah 49:1–18 * Matthew 1:1–17 * Large Catechism, I, 222–233 CommemorationToday we celebrate the Nativity of Our Lord. During the Season of Advent, we prepared for the coming of Christ, and, now, on the 25th of December, Christmas Day, we celebrate the birth of our Lord, God, Savior, and King. Christ’s birth was the fulfillment of part of the prophecy back in Genesis 3:15, and the promise would be completely fulfilled in Christ’s death, resurrection, and ascension. In His birth, Christ humbled Himself and took on human flesh — true God became true Man. In order to save you from your sins, God did not send a mere prophet; rather, He sent His only begotten Son to take your place on the cross and die for your sins. His death is our life — what Luther called a ‘wonderful exchange’.
Readings* Psalm 98 * Psalm 2 * Isaiah 44:21—45:25 * Revelation 12:1–17 * Large Catechism, I, 211–221
Readings* Psalm 39 * Psalm 144 * Isaiah 43:25—44:20 * Revelation 11:1–19 * Large Catechism, I, 199–210
Readings* Psalm 115 * Psalm 125 * Isaiah 43:1–24 * Revelation 9:13—10:11 * Large Catechism, I, 189–198
Readings* Psalm 102 * Isaiah 42:1–25 * Revelation 9:1–12 * Large Catechism, I, 179–188 CommemorationToday we celebrate the festival of St. Thomas, Apostle. Remembered, perhaps unfairly, as ‘doubting Thomas’, it was Thomas who said: “Unless I see in His hands the mark of the nails, and place my finger into the mark of the nails, and place my hand into His side, I will never believe.” When Jesus appeared again to the disciples with Thomas present, Thomas, displaying his faith, declared: “My Lord and my God!” According to tradition, Thomas traveled eastward after Pentecost and eventually reached India (where a group who call themselves the “Christians of St. Thomas” still exists). Thomas was martyred for the faith by being speared to death.
Readings* Psalm 119:25–32 * Psalm 141 * Isaiah 40:18—41:10 * Revelation 8:1–13 * Large Catechism, I, 167–178 CommemorationToday we commemorate Katharina Luther, née von Bora. Born in 1499, Katharina von Bora was placed into a convent when she was still a child and became a nun in 1515. In April of 1523, Katharina, along with eight other nuns, was rescued from the convent and brought to Wittenberg. In Wittenberg, Martin Luther helped the rescued nuns return to their families or start families of their own. Although initially hesitant to marry — as he feared assassination or execution by Rome — Luther believed that he must place his faith in God and practice what he preached. Katharina and Luther were married on 13 June 1525. God blessed the Luthers’ marriage with six children, and Katharina skillfully managed the Luther household. Although she suffered financial difficulties after Luther’s death in 1546, Katharina remained steadfast in her faith and her care for her children and others. Amongst her last recorded words, Katharina, on her deathbed, said that she would ‘stick to Christ as a burr to cloth.’
Readings* Psalm 103 * Psalm 19 * Isaiah 40:1–17 * Revelation 7:1–17 * Large Catechism, I, 158–166
Readings* Psalm 119:81–88 * Psalm 145 * Isaiah 34:1—35:10 * Revelation 6:1–17 * Large Catechism, I, 150–157
Readings* Psalm 40 * Psalm 20 * Isaiah 33:1–24 * Revelation 5:1–14 * Large Catechism, I, 141–149 CommemorationToday we commemorate Daniel the Prophet and the Three Young Men. Daniel the Prophet and the three young men — Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego — were among those taken from Judah into captivity in Babylon. For remaining faithful to the Lord God, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego were denounced to the king of Babylon and thrown into a fiery furnace, but they were miraculously saved by God’s direct intervention. Similarly, Daniel was thrown into the lions’ den for refusing to worship any god save the Lord, but was also miraculously saved by God’s intervention. Blessed with wisdom and understanding, Daniel and the three men were promoted to positions of authority in Babylon. Daniel, as a prophet, was given visions of the End Times.
Readings* Psalm 149 * Psalm 61 * Isaiah 32:1–20 * Revelation 4:1–11 * Large Catechism, I, 129–140
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 80 * Isaiah 30:27—31:9 * Revelation 3:1–22 * Large Catechism, I, 120–128
Readings* Psalm 27 * Psalm 24 * Isaiah 30:15–26 * Revelation 2:1–29 * Large Catechism, I, 112–119
Readings Psalm 89 * Psalm 143 * Isaiah 29:15—30:14 * Revelation 1:1–20 * Large Catechism, I, 103–111 CommemorationToday we commemorate Lucia, Martyr*. Born into a wealthy family, Lucia gave away her dowry to the poor. When this came to the attention of the Roman governor, he ordered Lucia to burn a sacrifice to the emperor. Upon her refusal, the governor commanded that she be condemned to a brothel; Lucia was martyred by the soldiers who came to execute the governor’s sentence. As the name “Lucia” means light, many European nations have long held festivals in her memory involving lanterns or lights; such festivals have been particularly popular in the Scandinavian countries, where this time of year is quite short on daylight.
Readings* Psalm 5 * Psalm 142 * Isaiah 28:14–29 * 1 John 5:1–21 * Large Catechism, I, 87–95
Readings* Psalm 86 * Psalm 130 * Isaiah 26:20—27:13 * 1 John 4:1–21 * Large Catechism, I, 78–86
Readings* Psalm 17 * Psalm 148 * Isaiah 26:1–19 * 1 John 3:1–24 * Large Catechism, I, 69–77
Readings* Psalm 11 * Psalm 142 * Isaiah 24:14—25:12 * 1 John 2:15–29 * Large Catechism, I, 59–68
Readings Psalm 25 * Psalm 73 * Isaiah 24:1–13 * 1 John 1:1—2:14 * Large Catechism, I, 49–58 CommemorationToday we commemorate Ambrose of Milan, Pastor and Hymnwriter*. Along with Augustine, Jerome, and Gregory the Great, Ambrose of Milan is considered one of the four great Latin Doctors of the Church. Becoming Bishop of Milan in AD 374 — largely by acclamation — Ambrose would go on to be a prolific hymnwriter and defender of the faith. Ambrose played no small part in suppressing the Arian heresy through his interactions with Emperor Gratian and Emperor Theodosius. Many are undoubtedly familiar with Ambrose’s hymn, “Savior of the Nations, Come”.
Readings* Psalm 145 * Psalm 62 * Isaiah 10:12–34 * 2 Peter 1:1–21 * Large Catechism, I, 24–29
Readings* Psalm 119:105–112 * Psalm 82 * Isaiah 8:9—9:7 * 1 Peter 4:1–19 * Large Catechism, I, 1–12
Readings* Psalm 119:105–112 * Psalm 82 * Isaiah 8:9—9:7 * 1 Peter 4:1–19 * Large Catechism, I, 1–12
Readings* Psalm 123 * Psalm 7 * Isaiah 6:1—7:9 * 1 Peter 2:13–25 * Large Catechism, Short Preface, 1–13 FeastToday we celebrate the feast of St. Andrew, Apostle. Brother of Simon Peter, St. Andrew was born in the village of Bethsaida. Originally a follower of St. John the Baptist, Andrew was called and became the first disciple of Christ. Church tradition holds that Andrew was martyred on an X-shaped cross. It is St. Andrew’s Day that determines the beginning of the Western Church Year, as the First Sunday in Advent is always the Sunday nearest to St. Andrew’s Day.
Readings* Psalm 118 * Isaiah 5:1–25 * 1 Peter 2:1–12 * Large Catechism, Longer Preface, 14–20 CommemorationToday we commemorate Noah. Noah, son of Lamech, was instructed by God to build an ark. Faithful and obedient to God, Noah constructed the Ark that would carry him and his wife and his sons and their wives — the only eight people to survive the Flood. After the floodwaters subsided, Noah built an altar and gave thanks to God for His mercy in preserving the human race through Noah and his family. In promising never again to destroy all life from the Earth, God made the rainbow a sign of His covenant with man and all life. Whenever we see a rainbow, we should think of God’s great mercy and His steadfast love. We commemorate Noah for his faith and for his obedience to the word of God — for believing that God will do what He says He will do.
Readings* Psalm 102 * Psalm 85 * Isaiah 2:1–22 * 1 Peter 1:13–25 * Large Catechism, Longer Preface, 7–13
Readings* Psalm 66 * Isaiah 1:1–28 * 1 Peter 1:1–12 * Large Catechism, Longer Preface, 1–6
Readings* Psalm 75 * Psalm 108 * Daniel 6:1–28 * Revelation 22:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 20–27
Readings* Psalm 48 * Daniel 5:1–30 * Revelation 21:9–27 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 15-19
Readings* Psalm 41 * Daniel 4:1–37 * Revelation 21:1–8 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 11–14
Readings Psalm 39 * Psalm 38 * Daniel 3:1–30 * Revelation 20:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 6–10 CommemorationToday we commemorate Clement of Rome, Pastor*. An early father of the Church, Clement lived in the first century AD and helped to establish the pattern of apostolic authority that governed the Early Church. In a letter to the Christians in Corinth, Clement emphasized that Christ must remain at the center of our faith:
“Let us fix our eyes on the blood of Christ, realizing how precious it is to His Father, since it was poured out for our salvation and brought the grace of repentance to the whole world.”
Clement helped to lay the foundation upon which the Western Church would be built. He is commemorated for his steadfast love and perseverance in the faith. Clement of Rome was martyred in approximately AD 100 by drowning.
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 92 * Daniel 2:24–49 * Revelation 19:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 1–5
Readings* Psalm 114 * Psalm 16 * Daniel 2:1–23 * Revelation 18:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 64–69
Readings* Psalm 118 * Daniel 1:1–21 * Matthew 28:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 57–63
Readings* Psalm 20 * Psalm 18 * Jeremiah 38:1–28 * Matthew 27:57–66 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 47–56
Readings* Psalm 22 * Jeremiah 37:1–21 * Matthew 27:33–56 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 40–46
Readings* Psalm 148 * Jeremiah 33:1–22 * Matthew 27:11–32 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 34–39
Readings* Psalm 54 * Psalm 139 * Jeremiah 31:1–34 * Matthew 27:1–10 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 28–33
Readings* Psalm 51 * Jeremiah 30:1–24 * Matthew 26:57–75 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 24–27
Readings* Psalm 53 * Psalm 55 * Jeremiah 29:1–19 * Matthew 26:36–56 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 18–23
Readings* Psalm 116 * Psalm 50 * Jeremiah 26:1–19 * Matthew 26:20–35 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 11–17
Readings* Psalm 137 * Psalm 130 * Jeremiah 25:1–18 * Matthew 26:1–19 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 9–10
Readings* Psalm 143 * Psalm 105 * Jeremiah 23:21–40 * Matthew 25:31–46 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 1–8
Readings* Psalm 24 * Psalm 25 * Jeremiah 23:1–20 * Matthew 25:14–30 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 96–99
Readings Psalm 147 * Jeremiah 22:1–23 * Matthew 25:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 89–95 CommemorationToday we commemorate the birth of Martin Chemnitz, Pastor and Confessor. Known as “the other Martin”, Martin Chemnitz stands as, aside from Martin Luther, the most important theologian in the history of the Lutheran Church. When disagreements arose in the wake of Luther’s death, it was Chemnitz who became the driving force behind the Formula of Concord, which restored unity. Among his many works, the four-volume Examination of the Council of Trent stands as one of Chemnitz’s greatest works; in the Examen*, Chemnitz subjected the teachings of the Roman church to Scripture and to the Church Fathers — Rome has never responded.
Readings Psalm 143 * Psalm 144 * Jeremiah 20:1–18 * Matthew 24:29–51 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 78–88 CommemorationToday we commemorate Johannes von Staupitz, Luther’s Father Confessor*. Vicar-General of the Augustinian order in Germany, Johannes von Staupitz was born in Saxony. Called in 1503, by Frederick the Wise, to serve as dean of the theological faculty at the newly established University of Wittenberg, Staupitz would go on to encourage Luther to obtain his doctorate in theology and to appoint Luther to be his successor as professor of Bible at Wittenberg. It was Staupitz who counseled Luther early on in Luther’s life, when Luther was an Augustinian monk struggling with the idea of God’s grace, to focus not upon himself but upon Christ.
Readings* Psalm 121 * Psalm 135 * Jeremiah 11:1–23 * Matthew 24:1–28 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 68–77
Readings* Psalm 118 * Jeremiah 8:18—9:12 * Matthew 23:13–39 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 60–67
Readings* Psalm 38 * Jeremiah 7:1–29 * Matthew 23:1–12 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 52–59
Readings* Psalm 110 * Psalm 108 * Jeremiah 5:1–19 * Matthew 22:23–46 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 41–51
Readings* Psalm 15 * Psalm 26 * Jeremiah 3:6—4:2 * Matthew 22:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 35–40
Readings* Psalm 118 * Jeremiah 1:1–19 * Matthew 21:23–46 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 30–34
Readings* Psalm 150 * Psalm 147 * Deuteronomy 34:1–12 * Matthew 21:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 27–29 FestivalToday we celebrate the feast of All Saints’ Day. As Easter celebrates the resurrection of Christ, so All Saints’ Day celebrates the resurrection of all those who believe in Him. On this day, we contemplate the scope and scale of Christ’s work — winning for His Kingdom men, women, and children from every tribe and nation. We are, indeed, surrounded by a great cloud of witnesses. It is such resurrection that allows us to confess that “the sufferings of this present time are not worth comparing with the glory that is to be revealed”. Today we celebrate with the entire Church catholic the coming eternal Kingdom and the consummation of all things.
Readings* Psalm 46 * Psalm 115 * Deuteronomy 32:28–52 * Matthew 20:17–34 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 22–26 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of Reformation Day. On 31 October 1517, an Augustinian monk nailed ninety-five theses, points for discussion, to the door of Castle Church in Wittenberg. Dr. Martin Luther did not, at the time, intend a break with the Roman church; rather, he sought only to address a number of pressing matters, among them indulgences. Rome, however, wanted nothing of Luther’s suggested discussion, and would eventually excommunicate him, declare him a heretic, and seek his death. Refusing to compromise on the rediscovered Gospel, Luther would go on to translate the New Testament, publish numerous works, and, above all, spark a Reformation that would see the restoration of Christ’s Church, over and against the heresies of Rome. We celebrate Reformation Day in remembrance of God’s great mercy and His steadfast love, of His work through Martin Luther that rescued the Gospel, enabling us to stand and, with Luther, declare of the Truth:
“Hier stehe ich — ich kann nicht anders. Gott helfe mir. Amen.”
Or, in English:
“Here I stand — I cannot do otherwise. God help me. Amen.”
Readings* Psalm 90 * Deuteronomy 31:30—32:27 * Matthew 20:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 16–21
Readings* Psalm 56 * Psalm 58 * Deuteronomy 31:1–29 * Matthew 19:16–30 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 9–15
Readings* Psalm 127 * Psalm 132 * Deuteronomy 30:1–20 * Matthew 19:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 1–8 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of St. Simon and St. Jude, Apostles. Simon and Jude are typically listed tenth and eleventh when the Apostles are named; Simon is called “the Zealot” and Jude is also known as Judas (not Iscariot) or Thaddeus. According to tradition Simon and Jude, together, spread the Gospel to Persia, where they were martyred, hence we commemorate them on the same day.
Readings* Psalm 20 * Psalm 25 * Deuteronomy 29:1–29 * Matthew 18:21–35 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 60–71
Readings Psalm 12 * Psalm 9 * Deuteronomy 28:1–22 * Matthew 18:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 50–59 CommemorationToday we commemorate Philipp Nicolai, Johann Heermann, and Paul Gerhardt, Hymnwriters*. Philipp Nicolai was a German pastor who lived through the Great Plague, which took the lives of thirteen hundred members of his parish. Despite hardships, he contributed hymns which the Church uses to this day — among them, “Wake, Awake, for Night Is Flying” and “O Morning Star, How Fair and Bright”. Johann Heermann was a German pastor who lived through the Thirty Years’ War, and contributed a number of hymns to the corpus. Paul Gerhardt was a German pastor who also lived through the Thirty Years’ War, lost his pastoral position for refusing to compromise his beliefs, and wrote over one hundred hymns; he is regarded as one of Lutheranism’s finest hymnwriters.
Readings Psalm 93 * Psalm 87 * Deuteronomy 27:1–26 * Matthew 17:14–27 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 40–49 CommemorationToday we commemorate Dorcas (also known as Tabitha), Lydia, and Phoebe, Faithful Women*. These three faithful women exemplified what it means to live a Christian life. Tabitha is remembered for her charitable acts in Joppa, particularly for making clothing for the poor. When Tabitha died suddenly, Peter came from nearby Lydda and raised her from the dead. Lydia was a dealer in purple dye, an expensive and in-demand product in the ancient world; converted to Christianity by Paul’s preaching, Lydia became a patron of the church in Philippi. Phoebe was a deaconess in Cenchreae who delivered Paul’s Epistle to the Romans, in which Paul praises her support of the Church.
Readings* Psalm 99 * Psalm 97 * Deuteronomy 25:17—26:19 * Matthew 17:1–13 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 28–39
Readings* Psalm 107 * Deuteronomy 24:10—25:10 * Matthew 16:13–28 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 18–27 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. James of Jerusalem, Brother of Jesus and Martyr. Also known as “James the Just”, St. James of Jerusalem did not believe in the divinity of Christ until after the Resurrection. After converting, James became a leader in the early Christian community, and, after Peter’s departure from that city, James became bishop of the Church in Jerusalem. According to Josephus, James was stoned to death by the Sadducees in AD 62. James authored the Epistle that bears his name and exhorts Christians to remain in and live out the one true Faith.
Readings* Psalm 62 * Psalm 119:137–144 * Deuteronomy 21:1–23 * Matthew 16:1–12 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 7–17
Readings* Psalm 142 * Psalm 91 * Deuteronomy 20:1–20 * Matthew 15:21–39 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 1–6
Readings* Psalm 138 * Psalm 140 * Deuteronomy 19:1–20 * Matthew 15:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXII, 9–17
Readings* Psalm 80 * Deuteronomy 18:1–22 * Matthew 14:22–36 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXII, 1–8
Readings* Psalm 75 * Psalm 77 * Deuteronomy 17:1–20 * Matthew 14:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXI, 38–44 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of St. Luke, Evangelist. A traveling companion of St. Paul, St. Luke was a Greek physician, who would author one of the four Gospels and the Book of Acts. It is Luke who gives us details of Christ’s birth and many other events. Taken together, The Gospel of Luke and the Book of Acts comprise over a third of the New Testament.
Readings Psalm 39 * Psalm 38 * Deuteronomy 15:19—16:22 * Matthew 13:44–58 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXI, 31–37 CommemorationToday we commemorate Ignatius of Antioch, Pastor and Martyr. Serving as bishop of Antioch in the beginning of the second century AD, Ignatius was a proponent of orthodox Christian doctrine. Arrested under Emperor Trajan, Ignatius, like Paul, was taken in chains to Rome, where he was executed by being thrown to wild beasts in the arena. In his letters, written on the way to Rome, Ignatius warned against false teachings, encouraged his fellow pastors, emphasized Christ’s full humanity and* full deity, defended the real presence of Christ in the Lord’s Supper, and stressed the unity of the Church (being the first to use the term “catholic” in describing her). Ignatius left behind a lasting legacy for the Church.
Readings* Psalm 37 * Deuteronomy 14:1—15:15 * Matthew 13:24–43 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXI, 21–30
Readings* Psalm 119:33–40 * Psalm 34 * Deuteronomy 13:1–18 * Matthew 13:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXI, 14–20
Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 115 * Deuteronomy 11:26—12:12 * Matthew 12:22–37 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XX, 86–92
Readings* Psalm 114 * Psalm 124 * Deuteronomy 12:13–32 * Matthew 12:38–50 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXI, 1–13
Readings* Psalm 119:97–104 * Psalm 146 * Deuteronomy 11:1–25 * Matthew 12:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XX, 78–85
Readings* Psalm 23 * Psalm 114 * Deuteronomy 9:23—10:22 * Matthew 11:20–30 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XVIII–XIX CommemorationToday we commemorate Philip the Deacon. One of the seven men appointed to help the Apostles handle the work of the rapidly expanding Early Church by overseeing the distribution of food to the poor, Philip would go on to work as an evangelist in Samaria. Pursuant to the word of God brought to him by an angel, Philip encountered an Ethiopian eunuch, an official in the court of Candace, queen of the Ethiopians, on the road that goes south from Jerusalem to Gaza. In preaching the Good News to this man (and baptizing him), Philip became indirectly responsible for transmitting the Gospel to the continent of Africa.
Readings* Psalm 106 * Deuteronomy 9:1–22 * Matthew 11:1–19 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XVI, 61–65, & XVII
Readings* Psalm 103 * Deuteronomy 8:1–20 * Matthew 10:24–42 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XVI, 53–60 CommemorationToday we commemorate Abraham. Selected from among the nations and called by God to become the father of a great nation, Abraham left his home and all that he had ever known, at the age of seventy-five, and moved to the land of Canaan, which God promised to Abraham and to his descendants (a promise fulfilled under the reign of Israel’s monarchs). At the age of one hundred, Abraham had Isaac with his wife Sarah — a miraculous birth according to the promise from God. Demonstrating his obedience to and trust in God in his willingness to sacrifice Isaac (a sacrifice God stopped by speaking from Heaven and providing a ram), Abraham is commended for his trusting faith in God and His promises. Through the Seed of Abraham, that is Christ Jesus, all nations have been blessed.
Readings* Psalm 126 * Psalm 141 * Deuteronomy 7:1–19 * Matthew 10:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XV, 45–52
Readings* Psalm 121 * Psalm 131 * Deuteronomy 6:10–25 * Matthew 9:18–38 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XV, 31–44
Readings* Psalm 91 * Psalm 97 * Deuteronomy 5:22—6:9 * Matthew 9:1–17 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XV, 22–30
Readings* Psalm 86 * Deuteronomy 5:1–21 * Matthew 8:18–34 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XV, 13–21
Readings* Psalm 80 * Deuteronomy 4:21–40 * Matthew 8:1–17 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XV, 1–12
Readings* Psalm 119:9–16 * Psalm 125 * Deuteronomy 4:1–20 * Matthew 7:13–29 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIV, 24–28
Readings* Psalm 3 * Psalm 2 * Deuteronomy 3:1–29 * Matthew 7:1–12 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIII, 14–23
Readings* Psalm 130 * Psalm 51 * Deuteronomy 2:16–37 * Matthew 6:16–34 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIII, 1–13
Readings Psalm 119:161–168 * Psalm 63 * Deuteronomy 1:37—2:15 * Matthew 6:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIB, 77–81 CommemorationToday we commemorate Jerome, Translator of Holy Scripture*. Beginning his studies in Rome, Jerome would choose a monastic life and spend five years in the Syrian desert, there learning Hebrew. After settling in Bethlehem, Jerome set about translating Scripture into Latin, a task that would produce the Vulgate — the authoritative translation used by the Western Church for over a thousand years. Originally buried in Bethlehem, Jerome’s remains were moved and now reside in Rome.
Readings Psalm 19 * Psalm 34 * Deuteronomy 1:19–36 * Matthew 5:21–48 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIB, 67–76 Today we celebrate the Feast of St. Michael and All Angels*. One of the archangels, tradition names Michael as patron and protector of the Church and of Christians. Mentioned in the Biblical books of Daniel, Jude, and Revelation, Michael leads the hosts of Heaven into battle against Satan and his demons — a victory assured by the blood of Christ, and announced in Revelation 12:10 by a voice from Heaven:
“Now the salvation and the power and the Kingdom of our God and the authority of His Christ have come, for the accuser of our brothers has been thrown down[.]”
Readings* Psalm 145 * Deuteronomy 1:1–18 * Matthew 5:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIB, 58–66
Readings* Psalm 91 * Malachi 3:6—4:6 * Matthew 4:12–25 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIB, 51–57
Readings* Psalm 16 * Psalm 32 * Malachi 2:1—3:5 * Matthew 4:1–11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIB, 43–50
Readings* Psalm 51 * Psalm 12 * Malachi 1:1–14 * Matthew 3:1–17 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIB, 34–42
Readings* Psalm 123 * Psalm 99 * Nehemiah 9:22–38 * 1 Timothy 6:3–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIB, 25–33
Readings* Psalm 51 * Psalm 12 * Nehemiah 9:1–21 * 1 Timothy 5:17—6:2 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIB, 16–24
Readings* Psalm 133 * Psalm 119:97–104 * Nehemiah 7:1–4; 8:1–18 * 1 Timothy 5:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIB, 1–15 CommemorationToday we commemorate Jonah. Called by God to preach in Nineveh, capital of Assyria, Jonah initially refused his call and attempted to flee. Whereas all are familiar with the story of Jonah and the whale (or large fish), the book of Jonah focuses more on God’s mercy, patience, and compassion. Christ Himself uses the story of Jonah and the whale in describing His own death, burial, and resurrection.
Readings* Psalm 55 * Psalm 119:89–96 * Nehemiah 5:1–16; 6:1–16 * 1 Timothy 4:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIA, 83–97 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of St. Matthew, Apostle and Evangelist. An author of one of the four Gospels, Matthew was called to follow Jesus, and, in doing so, left behind a lucrative occupation as tax collector. Church tradition is uncertain as to whether Matthew died a martyr’s death, and, if so, where.
Readings* Psalm 46 * Psalm 54 * Nehemiah 4:7–23 * 1 Timothy 3:1–16 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIA, 68–82
Readings* Psalm 136 * Nehemiah 2:11–20; 4:1–6 * 1 Timothy 2:1–15 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIA, 59–67
Readings* Psalm 118 * Nehemiah 1:1—2:10 * 1 Timothy 1:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIA, 46–58
Readings* Psalm 130 * Psalm 143 * 2 Chronicles 36:1–23 * Colossians 4:1–18 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIA, 28–45
Readings Psalm 108 * 2 Chronicles 35:1–25 * Colossians 3:1–25 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIA, 11–27 CommemorationToday we commemorate Cyprian of Carthage, Pastor and Martyr*. Living in the third century AD, Cyprian served as bishop of Carthage. Originally fleeing Carthage under the persecution of Roman Emperor Decius, Cyprian returned and set rules for those who had fallen away from the faith under persecution to return to the Church. Under later persecution by Roman Emperor Valerian, Cyprian initially hid himself, but later gave himself up to the authorities. He was beheaded in AD 258.
Readings* Psalm 1 * Psalm 4 * 2 Chronicles 34:1–33 * Colossians 2:8–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIIA, 1–10
Readings* Psalm 38 * 2 Chronicles 33:1–25 * Colossians 1:24—2:7 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XI, 60–67 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of Holy Cross Day. Traditionally, Holy Cross Day is celebrated on the 14th of September in commemoration of the discovery of the original cross of Jesus by Helena, mother of Roman Emperor Constantine, in AD 320. The festival was made official by Constantine in AD 335.
- Psalm 27
- Psalm 31
- 2 Chronicles 32:1–22
- Colossians 1:1–23
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IX, X, XI, 58–59
- Psalm 94
- 2 Chronicles 31:1–21
- Philippians 4:1–23
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, VII, 36–50
Readings* Psalm 44 * Psalm 100 * 2 Chronicles 29:1–24 * Philippians 3:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, VII, 25–35
Readings* Psalm 58 * Psalm 53 * 2 Kings 9:1—10:29 * Philippians 2:12–30 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, VII, 16–24
Readings* Psalm 61 * Psalm 59 * 2 Kings 6:1–23 * Philippians 1:21—2:11 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, VII, 1–15
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 69 * 2 Kings 5:9–27 * Philippians 1:1–20 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 269–279
Readings* Psalm 131 * Psalm 77 * 2 Kings 4:38—5:8 * Ephesians 6:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 262–268
Readings* Psalm 127 * Psalm 128 * 2 Kings 4:8–37 * Ephesians 5:15–33 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 257–261
Readings* Psalm 56 * 2 Kings 2:19–25; 4:1–7 * Ephesians 4:25—5:14 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 249–256 CommemorationToday we commemorate Zacharias and Elizabeth. Remembered as examples of faithfulness and piety, Zacharias and Elizabeth became the parents of John the Baptist despite their old age. Initially disbelieving the promise, Zacharias was struck mute by the angel who announced that Zacharias and Elizabeth would have a son; upon confirming his wife’s chosen name for their son, John, Zacharias was restored to his ability to speak. Upon regaining his speech, Zacharias sang the Benedictus, a summary of the promises in the Old Testament and a prophecy of John the Baptist’s ministry as a forerunner of Christ.
Readings* Psalm 90 * Psalm 107 * 2 Kings 2:2–18 * Ephesians 4:1–24 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 241–248 CommemorationToday we commemorate Moses. Greatest amongst the Old Testament prophets, Moses spoke with God ‘face to face’. Moses’ life was divided into three parts of forty years each: First, he lived in Egypt in the royal court, having been rescued by the daughter of pharaoh (and the intervention of God); second, he lived as a shepherd in the land of Midian after fleeing Egypt; and, third, he led Israel during the wandering in the desert. Prohibited from entering the Promised Land due to disobedience at Meribah, Moses was nevertheless allowed to view the land from Mount Nebo, where he then died and was buried (in an unknown location) by God.
Readings Psalm 119:57–64 * Psalm 108 * 1 Kings 19:1–21 * Ephesians 3:1–21 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 235–240 CommemorationToday we commemorate Gregory the Great, Pastor*. Gregory served both as mayor and, later, as bishop of Rome. Before entering full-time service in the Church, Gregory helped to strengthen a Rome weakened by enemy invasions and plague, and sold his considerable possessions and donated the proceeds to help the poor. As bishop of Rome, Gregory contributed to the Church by establishing a Church Year calendar, which some church bodies still use to this day, and overseeing musical and liturgical development, advancing missionary work in Northern Europe, and composing a book on pastoral care that would long serve as a standard in the Church.
Readings* Psalm 135 * 1 Kings 18:20–40 * Ephesians 2:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 223–234 CommemorationToday we commemorate Hannah. The favored wife of her husband, Elkanah, Hannah suffered through years of barrenness, but never gave up hope in the Lord. For her devotion, she was repaid with the birth of a son, Samuel, whom she dedicated to the service of the Lord. Hannah’s prayer of thanksgiving foreshadows the Magnificat, the Song of Mary, which would come centuries later.
Readings* Psalm 47 * Psalm 8 * 1 Kings 18:1–19 * Ephesians 1:1–23 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 213–222 CommemorationToday we commemorate Joshua, son of Nun, of the tribe of Ephraim. Most noted for his succession of Moses as Israel’s commander-in-chief, Joshua led a life of devotion to and faith in God. From defeating the Amalekites and being in charge of the tent of meeting to scouting the land of Canaan and leading Israel across the Jordan, Joshua showed steadfast faith in God and His promises. Joshua is especially noted for his final address, in which he, like Moses before him, presented the Israelites with the path of life and the path of death, the path of obedience to God and the path of rebellion, and in which he spoke his most famous words: “But as for me and my house, we will serve the Lord.”
- Psalm 68
- Psalm 70
- 1 Kings 16:29—17:24
- 2 Corinthians 9:1–15
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 205–212
- Psalm 29
- Psalm 75
- 1 Kings 12:20—13:34
- 2 Corinthians 8:1–24
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 195–204
- Psalm 17
- 1 Kings 11:42—12:19
- 2 Corinthians 7:1–16
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 192–194
- Psalm 48
- 1 Kings 11:1–26
- 2 Corinthians 6:1–18
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 183–191
Readings
Psalm 72 1 Kings 9:1–9, 10:1–13 2 Corinthians 5:1–21 Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 177–182
Commemoration Today we commemorate Monica, Mother of Augustine. Despite being widowed at a young age, Monica devoted herself to the welfare, spiritual and physical, of her children. Monica would follow her son, Augustine, to Rome and then to Milan, where she would finally see the fruit of her efforts (and the Holy Spirit’s work) as Augustine converted to Christianity.
- Psalm 72
- 1 Kings 9:1–9, 10:1–13
- 2 Corinthians 5:1–21
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 177–182
- Psalm 36
- 1 Kings 8:22–63
- 2 Corinthians 4:1–18
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 170–176
- Psalm 27
- 1 Kings 5:1–18
- 2 Corinthians 1:23—2:17
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 160–166
- Psalm 111
- Psalm 49
- 1 Kings 3:1–15
- 2 Corinthians 1:1–22
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 153–159
- Psalm 97
- 1 Kings 2:1–27
- 1 Corinthians 13:1–13
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 148–152
- Psalm 139
- 1 Kings 1:1–35
- 1 Corinthians 12:14–31
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 144–147
- Psalm 51
- 2 Samuel 12:1–25
- 1 Corinthians 12:1–13
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 140–143
- Psalm 12
- Psalm 22
- 2 Samuel 11:1–27
- 1 Corinthians 11:17–34
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 137–139
- Psalm 107
- Psalm 106
- 2 Samuel 7:18–29
- 1 Corinthians 10:23—11:16
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 133–136
- Psalm 24
- 2 Samuel 7:1–17
- 1 Corinthians 9:24—10:22
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 124–132
- Psalm 11
- Psalm 84
- 2 Samuel 6:1–19
- 1 Corinthians 9:1–23
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 119–123
- Psalm 132
- 2 Samuel 5:1–25
- 1 Corinthians 8:1–13
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 112–118
- Psalm 33
- 2 Samuel 1:1–27
- 1 Corinthians 7:25–40
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 104–111
- Psalm 68
- 1 Samuel 31:1–13
- 1 Corinthians 7:1–24
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 97–103
- Psalm 99
- 1 Samuel 28:3–25
- 1 Corinthians 6:1–20
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 89–96
- Psalm 51
- 1 Samuel 26:1–25
- 1 Corinthians 5:1–13
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 82–88
- Psalm 14
- Psalm 53
- 1 Samuel 25:23–44
- 1 Corinthians 4:1–21
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 74–81
- Psalm 94
- 1 Samuel 25:1–22
- 1 Corinthians 3:1–23
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 68–73
- Psalm 62
- 1 Samuel 24:1–22
- 1 Corinthians 1:26—2:16
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 62–67
- Psalm 144
- 1 Samuel 20:24–42
- 1 Corinthians 1:1–25
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 58–61
- Psalm 71
- Psalm 98
- 1 Samuel 17:20–47
- Acts 26:24—27:8
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 15–25
- Psalm 70
- Psalm 75
- 1 Samuel 17:1–19
- Acts 26:1–23
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, V, 9–14
- Psalm 50
- Psalm 130
- 1 Samuel 15:10–35
- Acts 24:24—25:12
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 115–121
- Psalm 119:41–48
- Psalm 13
- 1 Samuel 14:47—15:9
- Acts 24:1–23
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 107–114
- Psalm 59
- Psalm 57
- 1 Samuel 13:1–18
- Acts 23:12–35
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 98–106
- Psalm 119:17–24
- Psalm 141
- 1 Samuel 12:1–25
- Acts 22:30—23:11
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 88–97
- Psalm 69
- Psalm 70
- 1 Samuel 10:1–27
- Acts 22:17–29
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 86–87
- Psalm 63
- Psalm 149
- 1 Samuel 9:1–27
- Acts 21:37—22:16
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 75–85
- Psalm 119:113–120
- Psalm 141
- 1 Samuel 6:19—7:17
- Acts 19:1–22
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 48–60
- Psalm 137
- Psalm 56
- 1 Samuel 5:1—6:16
- Acts 18:1–28
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 36–47
title
Readings * Psalm 119:57–64 * Psalm 115 * 1 Samuel 3:1–21 * Acts 16:1–22 * Apology of the Augsburg Confession, IV, 12–21
Reader Corey J. Mahler
url
- Psalm 82
- Psalm 136
- 1 Samuel 2:18–36
- Acts 15:22–41
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, III and IV, 1–11
- Psalm 20
- Psalm 131
- 1 Samuel 1:21—2:17
- Galatians 6:1–18
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, II, 35–51
- Psalm 92
- 1 Samuel 1:1–20
- Galatians 5:1–26
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, II, 23–34
- Psalm 33
- Psalm 27
- Judges 15:1—16:3
- Galatians 3:23—4:11
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, I and II, 1–4
- Psalm 119:1–8
- Psalm 1
- Judges 14:1–20
- Galatians 3:1–22
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, Introduction, 1–19
Readings
Psalm 103 Joshua 4:1–24 Acts 9:23–43 Augsburg Confession, XXIII
Commemoration Today we celebrate the Festival of St. Peter and St. Paul, Apostles. Early Christian tradition holds that Ss. Peter and Paul were martyred on the same day in Rome under the persecution of Nero. In addition to their joint commemoration on June 29th (a festival the Church has observed since the third century or so), Ss. Peter and Paul are also commemorated separately in the calendar — St. Peter on the 18th of January for his confession of Christ and Paul on the 25th of January for his conversion. Both Peter and Paul are held up in Scripture as examples of men who, although flawed, became staunch defenders of and evangelists for the faith.
Podcast
- Psalm 37
- Psalm 101
- Proverbs 10:1–23
- John 14:1–17
- Small Catechism, Morning & Evening Prayer and Asking a Blessing & Returning Thanks
Readings* Psalm 119:169–176 * Psalm 89 * Proverbs 3:5–24 * John 11:38–57 * Small Catechism, I PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 72 * Psalm 63 * Proverbs 1:1–33 * John 11:1–37 * Small Catechism, Preface, 1–27 CommemorationToday we commemorate Boniface of Mainz, Missionary to the Germans*. Born in England, educated as a monk, and ordained a presbyter, Boniface decided to become a missionary. Granted a papal commission in AD 719, Boniface set to work planting, organizing, and reforming churches in Hesse, Thuringia, and Bavaria. In AD 743, now as an archbishop, Boniface was assigned to the See of Mainz. A little over a decade later, in AD 754, Boniface was martyred by a group of pagans while working in the Netherlands. Boniface is remembered for his faith and his tireless work in spreading the Word to Germanic Europe.
PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 46 * Numbers 35:9–30 * Luke 24:28–53 * the Three Ecumenical Creeds PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
- Psalm 97
- Psalm 85
- Numbers 31:1–27
- Luke 24:1–27
- Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XII, 39–40
- Psalm 132
- Psalm 38
- Numbers 27:12–23
- Luke 23:26–56
- Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XII, 28–38
Readings* Psalm 22 * Psalm 102 * Numbers 23:4–28 * Luke 22:47–71 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 94–96 FeastToday we observe the Visitation. While pregnant with Jesus, the Virgin Mary visited her relative, Elizabeth, who was then pregnant with John the Baptist, another child conceived under miraculous circumstances. In the presence of Christ, John ‘leaps’ in his mother’s womb, foreshadowing his role as forerunner of the Messiah. This presence of the Messiah also caused Elizabeth to proclaim Mary’s blessedness and Mary responded with the Magnificat, a summation of her place in salvation history and God’s gracious gifts.
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Readings* Psalm 94 * Psalm 149 * Numbers 22:21—23:3 * Luke 22:24–46 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 87–93 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 128 * Psalm 72 * Numbers 22:1–20 * Luke 22:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 76–86 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 58 * Numbers 21:10–35 * Luke 21:20–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 65-75 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 116 * Psalm 109 * Numbers 20:22—21:9 * Luke 20:45—21:19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 53–64 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 110 * Numbers 20:1–21 * Luke 20:19–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 45–52 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 80 * Psalm 91 * Numbers 16:41—17:13 * Luke 20:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 38–44 CommemorationToday we commemorate Bede the Venerable, Theologian*. Bede was the last of the Early Church Fathers. Placed in a monastery at the age of seven, Bede rarely left his monastery home and devoted his life to teaching and writing. A prolific writer, Bede produced both histories and theological works — his commentaries are still used today. Bede’s most well-known disciple, Cuthbert, reported that Bede was working on translating the Gospel of John at the time of his death. Bede is buried in Durham Cathedral.
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Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 9 * Numbers 16:23–40 * Luke 19:29–48 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 33–37 CommemorationToday we commemorate Esther. Esther, who is the heroine of the Biblical book that bears her name, became the queen of King Ahasuerus. Using her position of power, Esther was able to uncover a plot to exterminate her people and have the architect of that plot hanged, and his office filled by her uncle and guardian, Mordecai. Esther’s story reveals to us how God works to preserve His saints and to deliver them from evil.
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Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 45 * Numbers 16:1–22 * Luke 19:11–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 27–32 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 142 * Numbers 14:26–45 * Luke 18:35—19:10 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, X, 14-26 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 81 * Psalm 9 * Numbers 14:1–25 * Luke 18:18–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 8–13 CommemorationToday we commemorate Emperor Constantine, Christian Ruler, and Helena, Mother of Constantine*. Emperor Constantine converted from paganism to Christianity and became both a defender and a supporter of the Church. Pursuant to the Edict of Milan, issued in AD 313, persecution of Christians became illegal in the Roman Empire. And it was Constantine who called the Council of Nicaea in AD 325; it was this council that defined and defended orthodox Christianity. Helena, Constantine’s mother, took a particular interest in archaeology and in locating historical sites related to Christianity; she would become one of the first Christian pilgrims to the Holy Land, and she identified a number of Biblical sites — some of which are still, to this day, maintained as places of worship.
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Readings* Psalm 119:97–104 * Psalm 122 * Numbers 13:1–3, 17–33 * Luke 18:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, XI, 1–7 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 8 * Numbers 11:24—12:16 * Luke 17:20–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, X, 26–31 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 130 * Psalm 47 * Numbers 11:1–35 * Luke 17:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, X, 19–25 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 62 * Psalm 19 * Numbers 10:11–36 * Luke 16:19–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, X, 13–18 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 85 * Psalm 18 * Numbers 9:1–23 * Luke 16:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, X, 5–12 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 103 * Psalm 70 * Numbers 8:5–26 * Luke 15:11–32 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IX and X, 1-4 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 60 * Numbers 3:1–16, 39–48 * Luke 14:25—15:10 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 88–96 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 63 * Psalm 78 * Leviticus 26:21–44 * Luke 14:1–24 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 85–87 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 119:33–40 * Psalm 81 * Leviticus 26:1–20 * Luke 13:18–35 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 77–84 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 52 * Psalm 107 * Leviticus 24:1–23 * Luke 12:54—13:17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 71–76 CommemorationToday we commemorate Cyril and Methodius, Missionaries to the Slavs*. Cyril and Methodius were brothers from a Greek family from Thessalonica. Ordained as priests, the brothers were sent, in AD 862, to what is today the Czech Republic, where they taught the Christian faith in the region’s native tongue. As part of this mission, Cyril created the alphabet that is today known as Cyrillic, in order to write down Scripture and liturgy. The use of the vernacular by Cyril and Methodius set an important precedent for future missionary work.
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Readings* Psalm 116 * Psalm 123 * Leviticus 23:23–44 * Luke 12:35–53 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 66–70 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 127 * Psalm 92 * Leviticus 23:1–22 * Luke 12:13–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 61–65 CommemorationToday we commemorate Job. Job was a blameless and upright man from Uz — a land north of Canaan. God permitted Job to be severely tested, and Job held steadfast to his faith in his Redeemer and in the Resurrection. At the end of the Book of Job, God explains that it is not for man to know the mysteries of God. We commemorate Job for his staunch faith and as a model of Christian suffering.
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Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 25 * Leviticus 21:1–24 * Luke 12:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 53–60 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 37 * Psalm 150 * Leviticus 20:1–27 * Luke 11:37–54 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 46–52 CommemorationToday we commemorate C. F. W. Walther, Theologian*. Father of the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod, Carl Ferdinand Wilhelm Walther emigrated from Saxony in Germany with other Lutherans in 1839. Settling in Missouri, he served as pastor of several congregations in St. Louis, founded Concordia Seminary, and was instrumental in the formation of the LCMS in 1847. Walther would serve as president of the Synod from 1847 to 1850 and then again from 1864 to 1878. Walther worked tirelessly to promote Confessional Lutheranism in the US. A prolific writer and speaker, Walther’s works are still widely used today, particularly including his book on the distinction between Law and Gospel.
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Readings* Psalm 36 * Psalm 39 * Leviticus 19:9–37 * Luke 11:14–36 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 38–45 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 119:1–8 * Psalm 116 * Leviticus 18:1—19:8 * Luke 11:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 31–37 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 17 * Psalm 89 * Leviticus 17:1–16 * Luke 10:23–42 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 23–30 CommemorationToday we commemorate Friedrich Wyneken, Pastor and Missionary*. Along with C. F. W. Walther and Wilhelm Sihler, Friedrich Wyneken was one of the founding fathers of the LCMS. Born in Germany in 1810, Wyneken came to Baltimore, Maryland, in 1838, and then accepted a call to Friedheim and Fort Wayne in Indiana. During his life, Wyneken would serve as missionary in Indiana, Ohio, and Michigan, including among the Amerindian population; would help found — along with Wilhelm Loehe and Sihler — Concordia Theological Seminary in Fort Wayne; and would serve as the second president of the LCMS. Wyneken is remembered for his dedication to preaching and spreading the Word of God and for his commitment to right doctrine and the Lutheran faith.
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Readings* Psalm 19 * Psalm 50 * Leviticus 16:1–24 * Luke 10:1–22 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 16–22 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 25 * Psalm 141 * Leviticus 10:1–20 * Luke 9:37–62 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 7–15 CommemorationToday we commemorate Athanasius of Alexandria, Pastor and Confessor*. Born in Alexandria around AD 295, Athanasius would later serve as bishop of that city — a post he held for forty-five years. At the Council of Nicaea in AD 325, Athanasius defended Christian orthodoxy against the Arian heretics. Exiled five times and nearly murdered twice, Athanasius remained steadfast in his faith and lived his final days restored to his ecclesiastical office. The Athanasian Creed is named in his honor, because it confesses the truth of the divinity of Christ, which Athanasius championed during his life.
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Readings* Psalm 119:129–138 * Psalm 96 * Leviticus 9:1–24 * Luke 9:18–36 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VIII, 1–6 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of St. Philip and St. James, Apostles. St. Philip, from Bethsaida in Galilee, was one of the first disciples called by Christ. In turn, Philip would bring Nathanael to Jesus. According to tradition, Philip labored and died in Phrygia. St. James, son of Alphaeus and Mary (one of the faithful women who stood at the foot of the cross), is little mentioned in the New Testament and there are no sure records concerning his work after the resurrection or his death. We commemorate these two men as followers of and workers for Jesus Christ, our Lord.
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Readings* Psalm 45 * Psalm 132 * Leviticus 8:1–36 * Luke 9:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 124–128 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 41 * Psalm 76 * Exodus 40:17–38 * Luke 8:40–56 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 116–123 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 107 * Psalm 115 * Exodus 39:32—40:16 * Luke 8:22–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 107–115 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 119:145–152 * Psalm 20 * Exodus 38:21—39:31 * Luke 8:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 104–106 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 84 * Psalm 23 * Exodus 34:29—35:21 * Luke 7:36–50 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 91–103 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 86 * Psalm 34 * Exodus 34:1–28 * Luke 7:18–35 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 85–90 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Mark, Evangelist. Author of the second Gospel, Mark was originally from Jerusalem, where his mother’s home served as the center of the Church in that city. Mark would accompany Paul and Barnabas from Jerusalem to Antioch and then from Antioch on Paul’s first missionary journey. Barnabas would then go on a second missionary journey with Mark to Cyprus. Tradition holds that Mark was instrumental in founding the Church in Alexandria, where he served as the first bishop and died a martyr’s death.
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Readings Psalm 80 * Psalm 27 * Exodus 33:1–23 * Luke 7:1–17 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 77–84 CommemorationToday we commemorate Johann Walter, Kantor*. Having begun his service — as a composer and bass singer — in the court of Frederick the Wise at the age of twenty-one, Johann Walter would go on to publish a collection of hymns that would become the basis of many subsequent hymnals. Walter would serve for a total of thirty years as kantor in the cities of Torgau and Dresden. Additionally, he aided Martin Luther in the preparation of the German Mass.
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Readings* Psalm 119:49–56 * Psalm 79 * Exodus 32:15–35 * Luke 6:39–49 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 73–76 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 106 * Psalm 68 * Exodus 32:1–14 * Luke 6:20–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 69–72 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 92 * Exodus 31:1–18 * Luke 6:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 62–68 CommemorationToday we commemorate Anselm of Canterbury, Theologian. Born in Italy, St. Anselm is most strongly and closely associated with England, where he served as Archbishop of Canterbury for many years. A brilliant scholar and writer, Anselm is best remembered for his work Why God Became Man*, which professes Christ crucified for sinners.
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Readings Psalm 119:25–32 * Psalm 9 * Exodus 25:1–22 * Luke 5:17–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 59–61 CommemorationToday we commemorate Johannes Bugenhagen, Pastor*. Appointed pastor of Wittenberg in 1523, due to the efforts of Martin Luther, Bugenhagen would serve for several decades in that post. During this time, Bugenhagen would help translate the New Testament (into Low German), write a commentary on the Psalms, and help to organize the Lutheran Church in Germany and Denmark. After Luther’s death, Bugenhagen would help care for Luther’s widow and children.
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Readings* Psalm 99 * Psalm 79 * Exodus 24:1–18 * Luke 5:1–16 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 52–58 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 26 * Psalm 41 * Exodus 23:14–33 * Luke 4:31–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 48–51 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 103 * Exodus 22:20—23:13 * Luke 4:16–30 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 42–47 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 119:9–16 * Psalm 91 * Exodus 20:1–24 * Luke 4:1–15 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 35–41 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 30 * Psalm 68 * Exodus 19:1–25 * Hebrews 13:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 28–34 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 145 * Psalm 94 * Exodus 18:5–27 * Hebrews 12:1–24 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 17–27 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 114 * Psalm 136 * Exodus 17:1–16 * Hebrews 11:1–29 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 9–16 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 134 * Psalm 135 * Exodus 16:13–35 * Hebrews 10:19–39 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VII, 1–8 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 81 * Psalm 40 * Exodus 15:19—16:12 * Hebrews 10:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VI, 21-26 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 13 * Psalm 59 * Exodus 15:1–18 * Hebrews 9:1–28 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VI, 15-20 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 96 * Psalm 107 * Exodus 14:10–31 * Hebrews 7:23—8:13 * Formula of Concord, VI, 7–14 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 76 * Psalm 102 * Exodus 13:17—14:9 * Hebrews 7:1–22 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, VI, 1-6 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 136 * Psalm 51 * Exodus 12:29—13:16 * Hebrews 6:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, V, 23–27 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 110 * Exodus 12:1–28 * Hebrews 5:1–14 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, V, 16–22 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 89 * Psalm 32 * Exodus 10:21—11:10 * Hebrews 4:1–16 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, V, 11–15 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 88 * Psalm 77 * Psalm 6 * Exodus 9:29—10:20 * Hebrews 3:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, V, 7–10 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 35 * Psalm 71 * Psalm 143 * Exodus 9:1–28 * Hebrews 2:1–18 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, V, 1–6 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 45 * Psalm 130 * Psalm 118 * Exodus 8:1–32 * Hebrews 1:1–14 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 37–40 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 51 * Exodus 7:1–25 * Mark 16:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 33–36 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 22 * Psalm 38 * Exodus 5:1—6:1 * Mark 15:33–47 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 21–32 CommemorationToday we commemorate Joseph, Patriarch*. Son of the patriarch Jacob and his beloved wife Rachel, Joseph was sold into slavery in Egypt by his brothers, who told his father that he was dead. Unjustly accused in Egypt, because he refused the invitation of his master’s wife to commit adultery with her, Joseph was thrown into prison, where he interpreted dreams for two fellow prisoners. When pharaoh, some time later, had a pair of dreams that none of his wise men could interpret, one of the men who had been in prison with Joseph recalled the earlier interpretation of his dream and Joseph was called to stand before pharaoh. God granted Joseph the right interpretation of pharaoh’s dreams, and Joseph was made overseer of Egypt — instructed and empowered to preserve Egypt from the coming years of famine. Eventually, Joseph’s brothers would come from Canaan to Egypt to buy grain (as the famine was severe and widespread). Joseph used the opportunity to test them, to see what kind of men they had become. Finally reunited with his brothers and, later, his father, Joseph lived to old age in Egypt and was embalmed, but his body was transported from Egypt to the Promised Land when the OT Israelites were later led out of Egypt during the Exodus. Joseph is remembered, in particular, for his uprightness and for his forgiveness of his brothers.
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Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 32 * Exodus 4:19–31 * Mark 15:16–32 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 14–20 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 18 * Psalm 23 * Psalm 6 * Exodus 4:1–18 * Mark 15:1–15 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 6–13 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 39 * Psalm 5 * Psalm 143 * Exodus 2:23—3:22 * Mark 14:53–72 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, IV, 1–5 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 116 * Psalm 130 * Exodus 2:1–22 * Mark 14:32–52 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 59–67 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 129 * Psalm 81 * Psalm 102 * Exodus 1:1–22 * Mark 14:12–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 54–58 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 44 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 49:29—50:26 * Mark 14:1–11 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 44–53 FeastToday we celebrate the Feast of the Annunciation of Our Lord. The angel Gabriel appeared to Mary and announced that she had found favor with the Lord and would bear a son. The same Spirit that hovered over the water back in Genesis would “come upon” and “overshadow” Mary, and conceive in her virgin womb Christ, our Lord and Savior. The Ancient Church believed the crucifixion took place on the 25th, and so we celebrate the Annunciation on the same day, as the day of one’s conception and the day of one’s death were linked in antiquity.
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Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 17 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 47:1–31 * Mark 13:24–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 36–43 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 82 * Psalm 18 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 45:1–28 * Mark 13:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 30–35 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 26 * Psalm 16 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 44:1–34 * Mark 12:28–44 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 24–29 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 43:1–28 * Mark 12:13–27 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 18–23 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 3 * Psalm 7 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 42:1–38 * Mark 12:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 8–17 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 60 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 41:28–57 * Mark 11:20–33 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, III, 1–7 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Joseph, Guardian of Jesus. Believing the words of the angel who instructed him not to fear to take Mary, then pregnant with Christ, as his wife, Joseph showed himself to be a just and believing man. Serving as Christ’s earthly guardian, Joseph protected and provided for Mary and Jesus, led them in their flight to Egypt, and brought them back to Nazareth. Joseph is remembered for his faith, believing the bare word of God delivered by the angel, and for his role as a parent and guardian.
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Readings* Psalm 11 * Psalm 118 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 41:1–27 * Mark 11:1–19 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 84–90 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 49 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 40:1–23 * Mark 10:32–52 * Formula of Concord: solid Declaration, II, 74–83 CommemorationToday we commemorate St. Patrick, Missionary to Ireland*. Born around AD 389 in Britain, St. Patrick is one of the best known saints. Captured by raiders as a teenager, he was transported to Ireland and forced to work as a shepherd. After escaping from captivity and living in France (as a monk), he returned to Ireland to spread the Gospel. Tradition holds that St. Patrick died on 17 March around the year AD 466.
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Readings* Psalm 106 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 39:1–23 * Mark 10:13–31 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 67–73 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 37:1–36 * Mark 10:1–12 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 61–66 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 105 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 35:1–29 * Mark 9:33–50 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 55-60 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 38 * Psalm 54 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 29:1–30 * Mark 9:14–32 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 48-54 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 129 * Psalm 79 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 27:30—28:22 * Mark 9:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 39–47 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 2 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 27:1–29 * Mark 8:22–38 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 27–38 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 118 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 24:32–67 * Mark 8:1–21 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 24–26 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 28 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 24:1–31 * Mark 7:24–37 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 18–23 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 66 * Psalm 6 * Genesis 22:1–19 * Mark 7:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 14–17 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 126 * Psalm 127 * Psalm 143 * Genesis 21:1–21 * Mark 6:35–56 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 9–13 CommemorationToday we commemorate Perpetua and Felicitas, Martyrs*. In the third century AD, Roman Emperor Septimus Severus forbade converting to Christianity. Among the many who disobeyed his edict were Perpetua and Felicitas, a noblewoman and her maidservant. During their imprisonment, they witnessed to others in prison, even the jailer, who himself became a Christian. Executed on 07 March 203, Perpetua and Felicitas are remembered for the firmness of their faith — even unto death.
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Readings* Psalm 91 * Psalm 130 * Genesis 18:1–15 * Mark 6:14–34 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 5–8 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 139 * Psalm 102 * Genesis 16:1—17:22 * Mark 6:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, II, 1–4 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 32 * Psalm 3 * Psalm 51 * Genesis 15:1–21 * Mark 5:21–43 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, I, 50–62 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 73 * Psalm 133 * Psalm 38 * Genesis 13:1–18 * Mark 5:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, I, 16–48 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 107 * Psalm 47 * Psalm 32 * Genesis 11:27—12:20 * Mark 4:21–41 * Formula of Concord: Solid Declaration, I, 1–15 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 82 * Psalm 140 * Job 33:1–18 * John 10:22–42 * Formula of Concord: Epitome, VII, 1–20 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 66 * Psalm 119:169–176 * Job 31:1–40 * John 9:24–41 * Formula of Concord: Epitome, VI PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 119:89–96 * Job 30:16–31 * John 9:1–23 * Formula of Concord: Epitome, V PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 3 * Psalm 119:73–80 * Job 21:1–21 * John 8:39–59 * Formula of Concord: Epitome, IV, 5–19 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 112 * Psalm 119:57–64 * Job 20:1–29 * John 8:21–38 * Formula of Concord: Epitome, III, 12–23, & IV, 1–4 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 30 * Psalm 22 * Job 19:1–27 * John 8:1–20 * Formula of Concord: Epitome, III, 1–11 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 42 * Psalm 52 * Job 18:1–21 * John 7:32–53 * Formula of Concord: Epitome, II, 7–19 CommemorationToday we commemorate Polycarp of Smyrna, Pastor and Martyr. A disciple of John, Polycarp was bishop of Smyrna for many years before he was arrested, tried, and executed for his faith in approximately AD 155. The Martyrdom of Polycarp*, an eyewitness narrative, continues to encourage believers, particularly in times of persecution, even to this day.
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Readings* Psalm 25 * Psalm 114 * Job 17:1–16 * John 7:14–31 * Formula of Concord: Epitome, II, 1–6 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 84 * Psalm 64 * Job 16:1–22 * John 7:1–13 * Formula of Concord: Epitome, I, 11–25 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 16 * Psalm 90 * Job 15:1–35 * John 6:60–71 * Formula of Concord: Epitome, I, 1–10 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 53 * Psalm 30 * Job 14:1–22 * John 6:41–59 * Formula of Concord: Epitome, Summary Content, Rule, and Norm PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 105 * Job 13:13–28 * John 6:22–40 * Smalcald Articles, III:XIV–XV CommemorationToday we commemorate Martin Luther, Doctor and Confessor*. Born on 10 November 1483 in Eisleben, Germany, Martin Luther originally studied law. After a close brush with death during a storm, Luther switched to studying theology and entered an Augustinian monastery in 1505, when he was twenty-one years old. Luther received his doctorate in theology in 1512. Teaching at the newly established University of Wittenberg, Luther began to question some of the doctrines of Rome. Luther’s investigation of the Scriptures and of Roman doctrine led to the posting of the "Ninety-Five Theses" on the door of Castle Church in Wittenberg — the spark that started the Reformation.
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Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 77 * Job 13:1–12 * John 6:1–21 * Smalcald Articles, III:IX–XIII PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 91 * Psalm 119:1–8 * Job 12:1–25 * John 5:30–47 * Smalcald Articles, III:VIII CommemorationToday we commemorate the Birth of Philipp Melanchthon, Confessor*. Philipp Melanchthon, an academic by nature, became one of the leading proponents of Lutheranism when he took up the task of drafting the Augsburg Confession that was presented to the Emperor on 25 June 1530. Earlier, Melanchthon had been encouraged by Martin Luther (who was under papal excommunication and an imperial ban, and so could not attend Augsburg) to take up teaching theology and Scripture. A fellow professor at Wittenberg, Melanchthon’s writings and reforms would have far-reaching and long-lasting impact.
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Readings* Psalm 57 * Psalm 1 * Job 11:1–20 * John 5:19–29 * Smalcald Articles, III:IV–VIII CommemorationToday we commemorate Philemon and Onesimus. Onesimus was a slave, owned by Philemon, who ran away from his master. Somehow, Onesimus came into contact with Paul while Paul was in prison. At the urging of Paul, and with an accompanying letter, Onesimus returned to his master. In his letter, Paul urged Philemon to receive Onesimus as a beloved brother, instead of as a runaway slave, as one might expect; however, Paul also, notably, did not command or ask Philemon to free Onesimus.
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Readings Psalm 119:153–160 * Psalm 35 * Job 10:1–22 * John 5:1–18 * Smalcald Articles, III:III, 29–45 CommemorationToday we commemorate Valentine, Martyr*. Executed under Emperor Claudius on account of his refusal to renounce the Christian faith, Valentine has long been remembered in the Western Church as an example for all Christians. Today, Valentine’s Day continues to celebrate Valentine, and the tradition of exchanging written expressions of love derives from a note with words of encouragement that Valentine wrote for one of the children of his jailer. Even the irregularity of the shape of the piece of paper on which Valentine wrote his note has carried forward, after a fashion, into modern commemorations on Valentine’s Day.
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Readings* Psalm 95 * Psalm 70 * Job 9:1–35 * John 4:46–54 * Smalcald Articles, III:III, 20–28 CommemorationToday we commemorate Aquila, Priscilla, and Apollos. Remembered as missionaries, Aquila, and his wife, Priscilla, met Paul in Corinth, where he joined them in their trade — tent-making. Later traveling with Paul from Corinth to Ephesus, they established a home in the city which served as a sort of headquarters for new converts to Christianity. One such convert was Apollos, who would become known for his preaching and teaching of the Christian faith. He would later travel to Achaia to continue his efforts to spread the Gospel.
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Readings* Psalm 71 * Psalm 99 * Job 8:1–22 * John 4:27–45 * Smalcald Articles, III:III, 10–19 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 147 * Job 7:1–21 * John 4:7–26 * Smalcald Articles, III:III, 1–9 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 38 * Job 6:14–30 * John 3:22—4:6 * Smalcald Articles, III:I–II CommemorationToday we commemorate Silas, Fellow Worker of St. Peter and St. Paul. A leader in the Church at Jerusalem, Silas was chosen by Paul to accompany him on his second missionary journey. Imprisoned with Paul in Philippi, Silas also experienced the rioting in Thessalonica and Berea. Tradition holds that Silas was the first Bishop of Corinth.
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Readings* Psalm 23 * Psalm 87 * Job 6:1–13 * John 3:1–21 * Smalcald Articles, II:IV, 10–16 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 122 * Job 5:1–27 * John 2:13–25 * Smalcald Articles, II:IV, 1–9 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 4 * Psalm 18 * Job 4:1–21 * John 2:1–12 * Smalcald Articles, II:II, 25–29, :III PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 77 * Psalm 74 * Job 3:11–26 * John 1:35–51 * Smalcald Articles, II:II, 11–24 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 31 * Psalm 88 * Job 2:1—3:10 * John 1:19–34 * Smalcald Articles, II:II, 1–10 CommemorationToday we commemorate Jacob, Patriarch of OT Israel. Born the younger of Isaac and Rebekah’s twin sons, Jacob was the third of the patriarchs of OT Israel. After wrestling with the Angel of the Lord, Jacob (whose name means ‘deceiver’) was renamed to Israel (which means ‘he strives with God’). Jacob lived a life of strife and trouble, due in no small part to his own deceptions toward his brother and father. The deceptive nature of Jacob would carry on to his sons, who would sell their brother Joseph into slavery and lie to their father. By the grace of God, Joseph became prominent in Egypt and was reunited with Jacob, who then died in Egypt after blessing and prophesying about his sons.
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Readings* Psalm 127 * Psalm 128 * Job 1:1–22 * John 1:1–18 * Smalcald Articles, I, II:I PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 47 * Psalm 135 * Zechariah 14:1–21 * Titus 2:7—3:15 * Smalcald Articles, Preface, 8–15 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 75 * Psalm 104 * Zechariah 12:1—13:9 * Titus 1:1—2:6 * Smalcald Articles, Preface, 1–7 CommemorationToday we celebrate the Feast of the Purification of Mary and the Presentation of Our Lord. Thirty-two days after Jesus was circumcised, He comes to the Temple to fulfill the requirements of the Torah. In offering the alternative sacrifice (two turtledoves or two pigeons instead of a lamb), Joseph and Mary reveal their humble circumstances. In his Nunc Dimmitis, Simeon announces the inauguration of God’s consolation and redemption in and through Christ, and also prophesies concerning the destiny of Jesus.
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Readings* Psalm 28 * Psalm 48 * Zechariah 11:4–17 * 2 Timothy 4:1–18 * Large Catechism, V, 75–87 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 135 * Psalm 68 * Zechariah 10:1—11:3 * 2 Timothy 3:1–17 * Large Catechism, V, 58–74 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 33 * Zechariah 9:1–17 * 2 Timothy 2:1–26 * Large Catechism, V, 42–57 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 107 * Zechariah 8:1–23 * 2 Timothy 1:1–18 * Large Catechism, V, 31–41 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 12 * Psalm 133 * Zechariah 6:1—7:14 * Romans 16:17–27 * Large Catechism, V, 15–30 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 1 * Psalm 109 * Zechariah 4:1—5:11 * Romans 15:14–33 * Large Catechism, V, 1–14 CommemorationToday we commemorate John Chrysostom, Preacher*. Born around AD 347, St. John was instructed in the Christian faith by his mother, Anthusa. After holding a number of lesser offices, John became patriarch of Constantinople in AD 398. John was given the added name “Chrysostom”, which means ‘golden-mouthed’ in Greek, for his simple, but direct, messages that were beloved by all who heard them. Eventually exiled from Constantinople, after coming into conflict with the local authorities due to his determination to reform the church, the court, and the city, John continued to preach and write right up until his death in AD 407. His reported last words were “Glory be to God for all things! Amen.”
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Readings* Psalm 18 * Psalm 134 * Zechariah 2:1—3:10 * Romans 15:1–13 * Large Catechism, IV, 68–86 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Titus, Pastor and Confessor. Like Timothy, St. Titus was a friend and coworker of St. Paul. Whereas it is not known if Titus accompanied Paul on his first and second missionary journeys, it is known that Titus accompanied Paul on his third missionary journey, along with Barnabas, to Jerusalem to bring aid during a famine. Likely after the trip to Jerusalem, Paul and Titus parted ways, with Titus staying in Crete and eventually working in Dalmatia and then, according to tradition, serving as bishop in Crete until his death in about AD 96.
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Readings* Psalm 6 * Psalm 67 * Zechariah 1:1–21 * Romans 14:1–23 * Large Catechism, IV, 56–67 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of the Conversion of St. Paul. Originally a zealous persecutor of the Church, St. Paul (then Saul of Tarsus) met Christ on the road to Damascus. Blinded by a bright light, Saul heard the words “Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting Me?” to which Saul replied “Who are You, Lord?” to which Christ replied “I am Jesus, Whom you are persecuting.” Upon arriving in Damascus, Saul was sought by a disciple named Ananias, who had been sent by the Lord to heal Saul. Upon receiving his sight, Saul was baptized and went on to become the Apostle Paul, a man whom God called ‘a chosen instrument … to carry [Christ’s] name before the nations’.
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Readings* Psalm 131 * Psalm 84 * Joel 3:1–21 * Romans 12:14—13:14 * Large Catechism, IV, 47–55 FestivalToday we celebrate the Festival of St. Timothy, Pastor and Confessor. Best remembered as a companion of St. Paul, St. Timothy grew up in a Christian household. After meeting Paul on his (Paul’s) second missionary journey, Timothy accompanied Paul on further missionary journeys and was with Paul in Rome. According to tradition, Timothy was martyred in Ephesus around AD 97, where he served as bishop after Paul’s martyrdom in Rome.
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Readings* Psalm 139 * Psalm 81 * Joel 2:18–32 * Romans 11:25—12:13 * Large Catechism, IV, 32–46 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 69 * Psalm 121 * Joel 2:1–17 * Romans 11:1–24 * Large Catechism, IV, 17-31 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 20 * Psalm 13 * Joel 1:1–20 * Romans 10:1–21 * Large Catechism, IV, 1–16 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 117 * Psalm 97 * Ezekiel 47:1–23 * Romans 9:19–33 * Large Catechism, III, 112–124 CommemorationToday we commemorate Sarah. Wife (and half-sister) of the patriarch Abraham, Sarah followed Abraham from Ur of the Chaldeans on his journey to Canaan. Childless until old age, Sarah was eventually blessed with a son — Isaac — who would become the second of the three major patriarchs of OT Israel, and carry on the line of the promised Messiah. Sarah is remembered for her faithfulness and her hospitality. She was buried in the Cave of Machpelah, the same cave where Abraham would also later be buried.
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Readings* Psalm 15 * Psalm 126 * Ezekiel 44:1–29 * Romans 9:1–18 * Large Catechism, III, 99–111 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 44 * Psalm 124 * Ezekiel 40:1–4—41:1–12 * Romans 8:18–39 * Large Catechism, III, 85–98 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of The Confession of St. Peter. In response to Christ’s challenge: “But who do you say that I am?”, Simon Peter replied, “You are the Christ, the Son of the living God.” This — Peter’s confession — is the rock upon which the Church is built. As Christ makes clear, it is not “flesh and blood [that] [reveals]” this truth, but “[the] Father Who is in Heaven”.
Here in Matthew, and elsewhere in the NT, Christ makes clear that He gives the Keys to the entire Church, not to Peter alone, and with the Keys the power to bind and to loose: “whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in Heaven, and whatever you loose on earth shall be loosed in Heaven.” As the Smalcald Articles state:
The Keys are an office and power given by Christ to the Church for binding and loosing sin. This applies not only to gross and well-known sins, but also the subtle, hidden sins that are known only to God. As it is written, “Who can discern his errors?” (Psalm 19:12).
It is truly this confession of Peter — that Christ is the Son of the living God — upon which the Church is founded, with Christ as cornerstone.
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Readings* Psalm 76 * Psalm 137 * Ezekiel 39:1–29 * Romans 7:21—8:17 * Large Catechism, III, 71–84 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 36 * Psalm 54 * Ezekiel 38:1–23 * Romans 7:1–20 * Large Catechism, III, 59–70 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 29 * Ezekiel 37:15–28 * Romans 6:1–23 * Large Catechism, III, 49–58 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 104 * Psalm 79 * Ezekiel 36:33—37:14 * Romans 5:1–21 * Large Catechism, III, 35–48 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 32 * Psalm 51 * Ezekiel 36:13–28 * Romans 4:1–25 * Large Catechism, III, 25–34 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 63 * Psalm 59 * Ezekiel 34:1–24 * Romans 3:19–31 * Large Catechism, III, 14–24 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 7 * Psalm 14 * Ezekiel 33:1–20 * Romans 3:1–18 * Large Catechism, III, 1–13 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 85 * Psalm 58 * Ezekiel 18:1–32 * Romans 2:17–29 * Large Catechism, II, 63–70 CommemorationToday we commemorate Basil the Great of Caesarea, Gregory of Nazianzus, and Gregory of Nyssa, Pastors and Confessors*. Collectively known as the Cappadocian Fathers, Basil and the two Gregorys were leaders of the Christian Church in Asia Minor (modern Turkey) in the fourth century. Basil and Gregory of Nyssa were brothers, and Gregory of Nazianzus was their friend. All three men were influential in shaping the theology ratified by the Council of Constantinople, which would later be enshrined in the Nicene Creed. All three men are commemorated for their contributions to the Church — particularly to the liturgy of the Eastern Church and to the theology of the Church universal.
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Readings* Psalm 62 * Psalm 32 * Ezekiel 3:12–27 * Romans 2:1–16 * Large Catechism, II, 55–62 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 19 * Psalm 100 * Ezekiel 2:1—3:11 * Romans 1:18–32 * Large Catechism, II, 47–54 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 46 * Psalm 45 * Ezekiel 1:1–28 * Romans 1:1–17 * Large Catechism, II, 34–46 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 45 * Psalm 72 * Isaiah 66:1–20 * Luke 3:21–38 * Large Catechism, II, 25–33 FeastToday we celebrate the feast of the Epiphany of Our Lord. Although the feast of Epiphany commemorates no particular, concrete event, it is one of the most important days in the liturgical calendar — one of the principal feasts. On Epiphany, we remember that the God who became man in Bethlehem — that the Babe in the manger — needed present no proof that He was true man, but that He did indeed need to prove that He was true God. He did this superabundantly with the manifestations of the Trinity and the signs, wonders, and miracles that dot the pages of the New Testament record. In the Western Church tradition, Epiphany has become associated with the visit of the Magi, and this is fitting, for the Magi represent all the Gentile nations that were brought into the New Covenant through Christ — the true epiphany being the revelation of Christ as Lord, God, Savior, and King.
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Readings* Psalm 37 * Psalm 10 * Isaiah 65:8–25 * Luke 3:1–20 * Large Catechism, II, 9–24 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 40 * Psalm 65 * Isaiah 63:15—65:7 * Luke 2:41–52 * Large Catechism, II, 1–8 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 108 * Psalm 110 * Isaiah 63:1–14 * Luke 2:21–40 * Large Catechism, I, 324–333 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 62 * Psalm 98 * Isaiah 62:1–12 * Luke 2:1–20 * Large Catechism, I, 311–323 CommemorationToday we commemorate J. K. Wilhelm Löhe, Pastor*. Johann Konrad Wilhelm Löhe served as the pastor of Neuendettelsau in the Bavarian Alps in the 1800s. Although he never left Germany, Löhe had a significant impact on Lutheranism in North America. Recognizing the need for Church workers, Löhe assisted in the training of missionary pastors to be sent to the New World and Australia. A number of the men sent by Löhe would become founders of what is today the Lutheran Church—Missouri Synod (the LCMS). It was also due in part to Löhe’s financial backing that a theological school in Fort Wayne, IN, and a teachers’ institute in Saginaw, MI, were established. Löhe is widely recognized and fondly remembered for his confessional integrity and his dedication to Christian charity.
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Readings* Psalm 113 * Psalm 21 * Isaiah 61:1–11 * Luke 1:57–80 * Large Catechism, I, 303–310 FeastToday we celebrate the feast of the Circumcision and Name of Jesus. Per tradition, Jesus was circumcised on the eighth day and given the name “Jesus” as the angel had proclaimed. Under the Old Covenant, circumcision brought the benefits of forgiveness of sins, justification, and incorporation into the people of God. Under the New Covenant, circumcision is no longer necessary or effective; it has been replaced by Baptism, which is called, by St. Paul, a “circumcision made without hands” and “the circumcision of Christ”.
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Readings* Psalm 111 * Psalm 8 * Isaiah 60:1–22 * Luke 1:39–56 * Large Catechism, I, 292–302 FeastToday we celebrate the feast of the Eve of the Circumcision and Name of Jesus.
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Readings* Psalm 89 * Psalm 132 * Isaiah 58:1—59:21 * Luke 1:26–38 * Large Catechism, I, 276–291 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 78 * Psalm 93 * Isaiah 55:1–13 * Luke 1:1–25 * Large Catechism, I, 263–275 CommemorationToday we commemorate David. David was the greatest of the kings of OT Israel, and ruled from about 1010 to 970 BC. Although David’s private conduct showed a mixture of good and bad, it was his fierce loyalty to God that defined his life and his reign. Under David, God fulfilled many of the promises to OT Israel, notably uniting Israel into a single nation with its capital at Jerusalem. Of course, God’s greatest promise would be fulfilled through the promised King — Christ, our Lord.
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Readings* Psalm 9 * Psalm 31 * Isaiah 52:13—54:10 * Matthew 2:13–23 * Large Catechism. I, 254–262 CommemorationToday we celebrate the festival of The Holy Innocents, Martyrs. Threatened by the prophecies concerning a “King of the Jews”, King Herod plotted to find and kill Jesus using the Wise Men, but was thwarted in that plan when the Wise Men went back to their lands by another route. Angered and still plotting to thwart the prophecy, Herod had all male children in and around Bethlehem who were two years old or younger murdered. We commemorate these innocents as a reminder of the depravity, brutality, and evil that can take residence in the human heart and of the persecution Jesus suffered even before His earthly ministry had begun. By the hand of God, Jesus was spared from being numbered amongst the slain, for His path led to a different death — on a cross at Golgotha, to pay the price for our sins.
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Readings* Psalm 72 * Psalm 92 * Isaiah 51:17—52:12 * Matthew 2:1–12 * Large Catechism, I, 245–253 FestivalToday we celebrate the festival of St. John, Apostle and Evangelist. St. John, son of Zebedee and brother of James the Elder, was among the first disciples to be called by Jesus, and became known as “the disciple whom Jesus loved”. During Christ’s ministry, John witnessed many of Christ’s miracles, was present for the Transfiguration, went with Peter to reserve the upper room for the Last Supper, and, alone among the Disciples, did not forsake Christ during His Passion, remaining near Christ through the crucifixion. From the cross, Jesus made John guardian of Mary, His mother. John would go on to be a founding father of the Early Church. From John, we have the fourth Gospel, three Epistles, and the Book of Revelation, which was revealed to him while he was banished to Patmos by Emperor Domitian. John outlived all of the other Apostles, dying in Ephesus at around age one hundred.
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Readings* Psalm 34 * Psalm 60 * Isaiah 49:22—51:16 * Matthew 1:18–25 * Large Catechism, I, 234–244 CommemorationToday we celebrate the festival of St. Stephen, Martyr. St. Stephen was one of the first seven deacons of the Church, appointed to distribute food and other necessities to the poor of the growing Christian community. In addition to such duties, the deacons also taught and preached. When some of his colleagues became jealous, they brought him before the Sanhedrin on false charges of blasphemy. Before the Sanhedrin, Stephen confessed his faith in Christ and rebuked members of the Sanhedrin for rejecting the Messiah. Infuriated, the Sanhedrin had Stephen dragged outside the city and stoned. Honored as the first martyr of the Church, Stephen is remembered for his dying words: “Lord Jesus, receive my spirit.” and “Lord, do not hold this sin against them.”
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Readings* Psalm 96 * Psalm 150 * Isaiah 49:1–18 * Matthew 1:1–17 * Large Catechism, I, 222–233 FeastToday we celebrate the Nativity of Our Lord. During the Season of Advent, we prepared for the coming of Christ, and, now, on the 25th of December, Christmas Day, we celebrate the birth of our Lord, God, Savior, and King. Christ’s birth was the fulfillment of part of the prophecy back in Genesis 3:15, and the promise would be completely fulfilled in Christ’s death, resurrection, and ascension. In His birth, Christ humbled Himself and took on human flesh — true God became true Man. In order to save you from your sins, God did not send a mere prophet; rather, He sent His only begotten Son to take your place on the cross and die for your sins. His death is our life — what Luther called a ‘wonderful exchange’.
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Readings* Psalm 98 * Psalm 2 * Isaiah 44:21—45:25 * Revelation 12:1–17 * Large Catechism, I, 211–221 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 39 * Psalm 144 * Isaiah 43:25—44:20 * Revelation 11:1–19 * Large Catechism, I, 199–210 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 115 * Psalm 125 * Isaiah 43:1–24 * Revelation 9:13—10:11 * Large Catechism, I, 189–198 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 102 * Isaiah 42:1–25 * Revelation 9:1–12 * Large Catechism, I, 179–188 CommemorationToday we celebrate the festival of St. Thomas, Apostle. Remembered, perhaps unfairly, as ‘doubting Thomas’, it was Thomas who said: “Unless I see in His hands the mark of the nails, and place my finger into the mark of the nails, and place my hand into His side, I will never believe.” When Jesus appeared again to the disciples with Thomas present, Thomas, displaying his faith, declared: “My Lord and my God!” According to tradition, Thomas traveled eastward after Pentecost and eventually reached India (where a group who call themselves the “Christians of St. Thomas” still exists). Thomas was martyred for the faith by being speared to death.
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Readings* Psalm 119:25–32 * Psalm 141 * Isaiah 40:18—41:10 * Revelation 8:1–13 * Large Catechism, I, 167–178 CommemorationToday we commemorate Katharina Luther, née von Bora. Born in 1499, Katharina von Bora was placed into a convent when she was still a child and became a nun in 1515. In April of 1523, Katharina, along with eight other nuns, was rescued from the convent and brought to Wittenberg. In Wittenberg, Martin Luther helped the rescued nuns return to their families or start families of their own. Although initially hesitant to marry — as he feared assassination or execution by Rome — Luther believed that he must place his faith in God and practice what he preached. Katharina and Luther were married on 13 June 1525. God blessed the Luthers’ marriage with six children, and Katharina skillfully managed the Luther household. Although she suffered financial difficulties after Luther’s death in 1546, Katharina remained steadfast in her faith and her care for her children and others. Amongst her last recorded words, Katharina, on her deathbed, said that she would ‘stick to Christ as a burr to cloth.’
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Readings* Psalm 103 * Psalm 19 * Isaiah 40:1–17 * Revelation 7:1–17 * Large Catechism, I, 158–166 CommemorationToday we commemorate Adam and Eve. Father and mother to us all, Adam and Eve were the first two human beings created by God’s own hands. Adam, formed from the dust, was created first and Eve, formed from one of Adam’s ribs to be his companion, was created second. Failing to obey God and listening to the Serpent’s temptation, Eve ate of the fruit of the Tree of the Knowledge of Good and Evil, which God had forbidden, and Adam, forsaking his role as head, joined her in rebellion. For their disobedience, they were driven from the Garden; by their disobedience, death entered the world. Nevertheless, in the midst of the tragedy of the Fall, God promised that the woman’s Seed — Christ, the Savior — would crush the Serpent’s head. In His death on the cross and His resurrection from the dead, Christ defeated sin, death, and the devil — fulfilling the promise of Genesis 3:15. As Luther commented: ‘God arranged to remove through Christ whatever the devil brought in through Adam.’
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Readings* Psalm 119:81–88 * Psalm 145 * Isaiah 34:1—35:10 * Revelation 6:1–17 * Large Catechism, I, 150–157 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 40 * Psalm 20 * Isaiah 33:1–24 * Revelation 5:1–14 * Large Catechism, I, 141–149 CommemorationToday we commemorate Daniel the Prophet and the Three Young Men. Daniel the Prophet and the three young men — Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego — were among those taken from Judah into captivity in Babylon. For remaining faithful to the Lord God, Shadrach, Meshach, and Abednego were denounced to the king of Babylon and thrown into a fiery furnace, but they were miraculously saved by God’s direct intervention. Similarly, Daniel was thrown into the lions’ den for refusing to worship any God save the Lord, but was also miraculously saved by God’s intervention. Blessed with wisdom and understanding, Daniel and the three men were promoted to positions of authority in Babylon. Daniel, as a prophet, was given visions of the End Times.
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Readings* Psalm 149 * Psalm 61 * Isaiah 32:1–20 * Revelation 4:1–11 * Large Catechism, I, 129–140 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 146 * Psalm 80 * Isaiah 30:27—31:9 * Revelation 3:1–22 * Large Catechism, I, 120–128 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 27 * Psalm 24 * Isaiah 30:15–26 * Revelation 2:1–29 * Large Catechism, I, 112–119 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 89 * Psalm 143 * Isaiah 29:15—30:14 * Revelation 1:1–20 * Large Catechism, I, 103–111 CommemorationToday we commemorate Lucia, Martyr*. Born into a wealthy family, Lucia gave away her dowry to the poor. When this came to the attention of the Roman governor, he ordered Lucia to burn a sacrifice to the emperor. Upon her refusal, the governor commanded that she be condemned to a brothel; Lucia was martyred by the soldiers who came to execute the governor’s sentence. As the name “Lucia” means light, many European nations have long held festivals in her memory involving lanterns or lights; such festivals have been particularly popular in the Scandinavian countries, where this time of year is quite short on daylight.
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Readings* Psalm 106 * Isaiah 29:1–14 * Jude 1:1–26 * Large Catechism, I, 96–102 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 5 * Psalm 142 * Isaiah 28:14–29 * 1 John 5:1–21 * Large Catechism, I, 87–95 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 86 * Psalm 130 * Isaiah 26:20—27:13 * 1 John 4:1–21 * Large Catechism, I, 78–86 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 17 * Psalm 148 * Isaiah 26:1–19 * 1 John 3:1–24 * Large Catechism, I, 69–77 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 11 * Psalm 142 * Isaiah 24:14—25:12 * 1 John 2:15–29 * Large Catechism, I, 59–68 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 25 * Psalm 73 * Isaiah 24:1–13 * 1 John 1:1—2:14 * Large Catechism, I, 49–58 CommemorationToday we commemorate Ambrose of Milan, Pastor and Hymnwriter*. Along with Augustine, Jerome, and Gregory the Great, Ambrose of Milan is considered one of the four great Latin Doctors of the Church. Becoming Bishop of Milan in AD 374 — largely by acclamation — Ambrose would go on to be a prolific hymnwriter and defender of the faith. Ambrose played no small part in suppressing the Arian heresy through his interactions with Emperor Gratian and Emperor Theodosius. Many are undoubtedly familiar with Ambrose’s hymn, “Savior of the Nations, Come”.
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Readings Psalm 56 * Isaiah 14:1–23 * 2 Peter 3:1–18 * Large Catechism, I, 41–48 CommemorationToday we commemorate Nicholas of Myra, Pastor*. One of the best known saints on the calendar, Nicholas of Myra — better known as Saint Nicholas — has long been associated with charitable giving. Many European nations still maintain December 6th as a day for giving and receiving gifts. Beyond the fact that there was a Church of Saint Nicholas in Constantinople as early as the sixth century and that there was a Bishop Nicholas of Myra in the fourth century, little is known historically about St. Nicholas.
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Readings* Psalm 49 * Isaiah 11:1—12:6 * 2 Peter 2:1–22 * Large Catechism, I, 30–40 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings Psalm 145 * Psalm 62 * Isaiah 10:12–34 * 2 Peter 1:1–21 * Large Catechism, I, 24–29 CommemorationToday we commemorate John of Damascus, Theologian and Hymnwriter. John of Damascus, was a Greek theologian and priest. Giving up an influential position in the Islamic court, John devoted himself to Christianity and entered a monastery outside Jerusalem. Commemorated for his lasting contributions to the orthodox Christian faith, John enriched both Eastern and Western Christianity; his greatest work was the Fount of Wisdom*, a collection of writings from earlier Christian theologians.
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Readings* Psalm 55 * Isaiah 9:8—10:11 * 1 Peter 5:1–14 * Large Catechism, I, 13–23 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
Readings* Psalm 119:105–112 * Psalm 82 * Isaiah 8:9—9:7 * 1 Peter 4:1–19 * Large Catechism, I, 1–12 PodcastOvercastApple PodcastsSpotify
- Psalm 75
- Psalm 108
- Daniel 6:1–28
- Revelation 22:1–21
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 20-–27
- Psalm 48
- Daniel 5:1–30
- Revelation 21:9–27
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 15–19
- Psalm 41
- Daniel 4:1–37
- Revelation 21:1–8
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 11–14
- Psalm 39
- Psalm 38
- Daniel 3:1–30
- Revelation 20:1–15
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 6–10
- Psalm 111
- Psalm 92
- Daniel 2:24–49
- Revelation 19:1–21
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVIII, 1–5
- Psalm 114
- Psalm 16
- Daniel 2:1–23
- Revelation 18:1–24
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 64–69
- Psalm 118
- Daniel 1:1–21
- Matthew 28:1–20
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 57–63
- Psalm 20
- Psalm 18
- Jeremiah 38:1–28
- Matthew 27:57–66
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 47–56
- Psalm 22
- Jeremiah 37:1–21
- Matthew 27:33–56
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 40–46
- Psalm 148
- Jeremiah 33:1–22
- Matthew 27:11–32
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 34–39
- Psalm 54
- Psalm 139
- Jeremiah 31:1–34
- Matthew 27:1–10
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 28–33
- Psalm 51
- Jeremiah 30:1–24
- Matthew 26:57–75
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 24–27
- Psalm 53
- Psalm 55
- Jeremiah 29:1–19
- Matthew 26:36–56
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 18–23
- Psalm 116
- Psalm 50
- Jeremiah 26:1–19
- Matthew 26:20–35
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 11–17
- Psalm 137
- Psalm 130
- Jeremiah 25:1–18
- Matthew 26:1–19
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 9–10
- Psalm 143
- Psalm 105
- Jeremiah 23:21–40
- Matthew 25:31–46
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXVII, 1–8
- Psalm 24
- Psalm 25
- Jeremiah 23:1–20
- Matthew 25:14–30
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 96–99
- Psalm 147
- Jeremiah 22:1–23
- Matthew 25:1–13
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 89–95
- Psalm 143
- Psalm 144
- Jeremiah 20:1–18
- Matthew 24:29–51
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 78–88
- Psalm 121
- Psalm 135
- Jeremiah 11:1–23
- Matthew 24:1–28
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 68–77
- Psalm 118
- Jeremiah 8:18—9:12
- Matthew 23:13–39
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 60–67
- Psalm 38
- Jeremiah 7:1–29
- Matthew 23:1–12
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 52–59
- Psalm 110
- Psalm 108
- Jeremiah 5:1–19
- Matthew 22:23–46
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 41–51
- Psalm 15
- Psalm 26
- Jeremiah 3:6—4:2
- Matthew 22:1–22
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 35–40
- Psalm 118
- Jeremiah 1:1–19
- Matthew 21:23–46
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 30–34
- Psalm 150
- Psalm 147
- Deuteronomy 34:1–12
- Matthew 21:1–22
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 27–29
- Psalm 46
- Psalm 115
- Deuteronomy 32:28–52
- Matthew 20:17–34
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 22–26
- Psalm 90
- Deuteronomy 31:30—32:27
- Matthew 20:1–16
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 16–21
- Psalm 56
- Psalm 58
- Deuteronomy 31:1–29
- Matthew 19:16–30
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 9–15
- Psalm 127
- Psalm 132
- Deuteronomy 30:1–20
- Matthew 19:1–15
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIV, 1–8
- Psalm 20
- Psalm 25
- Deuteronomy 29:1–29
- Matthew 18:21–35
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 60–71
- Psalm 12
- Psalm 9
- Deuteronomy 28:1–22
- Matthew 18:1–20
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 50–59
- Psalm 93
- Psalm 87
- Deuteronomy 27:1–26
- Matthew 17:14–27
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 40–49
- Psalm 99
- Psalm 97
- Deuteronomy 25:17—26:19
- Matthew 17:1–13
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 28–39
- Psalm 107
- Deuteronomy 24:10—25:10
- Matthew 16:13–28
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 18–27
- Psalm 62
- Psalm 119:137–144
- Deuteronomy 21:1–23
- Matthew 16:1–12
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 7–17
- Psalm 142
- Psalm 91
- Deuteronomy 20:1–20
- Matthew 15:21–39
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXIII, 1–6
- Psalm 138
- Psalm 140
- Deuteronomy 19:1–20
- Matthew 15:1–20
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXII, 9–17
- Psalm 80
- Deuteronomy 18:1–22
- Matthew 14:22–36
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXII, 1–8
- Psalm 75
- Psalm 77
- Deuteronomy 17:1–20
- Matthew 14:1–21
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXI, 38–44
- Psalm 39
- Psalm 38
- Deuteronomy 15:19—16:22
- Matthew 13:44–58
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXI, 31–37
- Psalm 37
- Deuteronomy 14:1—15:15
- Matthew 13:24–43
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXI, 21–30
- Psalm 119:33–40
- Psalm 34
- Deuteronomy 13:1–18
- Matthew 13:1–23
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXI, 14–20
- Psalm 114
- Psalm 124
- Deuteronomy 12:13–32
- Matthew 12:38–50
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XXI, 1–13
- Psalm 111
- Psalm 115
- Deuteronomy 11:26—12:12
- Matthew 12:22–37
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XX, 86–92
- Psalm 119:97–104
- Psalm 146
- Deuteronomy 11:1–25
- Matthew 12:1–21
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XX, 78–85
- Psalm 23
- Psalm 114
- Deuteronomy 9:23—10:22
- Matthew 11:20–30
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XVIII, 67–76, & XIX, 77
- Psalm 106
- Deuteronomy 9:1–22
- Matthew 11:1–19
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XVI, 61–65, & XVII, 66
- Psalm 103
- Deuteronomy 8:1–20
- Matthew 10:24–42
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XVI, 53–60
- Psalm 126
- Psalm 141
- Deuteronomy 7:1–19
- Matthew 10:1–23
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XV, 45–52
- Psalm 121
- Psalm 131
- Deuteronomy 6:10–25
- Matthew 9:18–38
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XV, 31–44
- Psalm 91
- Psalm 97
- Deuteronomy 5:22—6:9
- Matthew 9:1–17
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XV, 22–30
- Psalm 86
- Deuteronomy 5:1–21
- Matthew 8:18–34
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XV, 13–21
- Psalm 80
- Deuteronomy 4:21–40
- Matthew 8:1–17
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XI, 1–12
- Psalm 119:9–16
- Psalm 125
- Deuteronomy 4:1–20
- Matthew 7:13–29
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIV, 24–28
- Psalm 3
- Psalm 2
- Deuteronomy 3:1–29
- Matthew 7:1–12
- Apology of the Augsburg Confession, XIII, 14-23
Genesis 12:1–9 Psalm 121 Romans 4:1–8,13–17 John 3:1–17
Abram was called forth from Ur of the Chaldeans; he was called to leave his country, his kindred, and his father’s house; he was called to sojourn in a land he would never own, except for a small plot of land with a cave — a cave in which he would bury his wife, and in which his children would later bury him. And what did he find in this land? Canaanites — the cursed progeny of cursed Ham. Although their iniquity was not yet “complete” in the time of Abraham, they would later be sentenced to annihilation. Does that mean these tribes were good in the time of Abraham? Were they more Mamre, Eshcol, and Aner or were they more Sodom and Gomorrah? From God’s words to Abraham in Genesis 15, we must presume the latter.
For their iniquity, God burned Sodom and Gomorrah with fire from Heaven. For their iniquity, God sentenced the Canaanites to be devoted to destruction. For our iniquity, what will God visit upon us? Are we better than Sodom? Are we more moral than Gomorrah? Are we spared like Zoar due only to some small number of saints? Let us not delude ourselves by closing our eyes to the reality of our culture. Pornography is rampant, and children are increasingly exposed to it at younger and younger ages. Promiscuity is now not only ‘normal’, but even promoted as healthy or good. An incredible number of marriages end in divorce, and a significant percentage of children — a majority, in some communities — are born out of wedlock. Our ‘entertainment’ is increasingly explicit both in terms of sexual content and in terms of violence. We worship the gods of the marketplace — we pay greater attention to the Dow and the NASDAQ than to our neighbor, we care more for our 401(k)s than for our communities, and we decline to take God up on His outright invitation to test Him with regard to tithing. More than sixty million children have gone to their graves — or, more likely, the incinerator or even the research lab — in the name of ‘convenience’ and ‘privacy’. Pick an empire, or a political entity, from history — any empire, or any political entity. With vanishingly few exceptions, what we do on a daily basis would make even history’s most despised and depraved blush. Our god is not El Shaddai — not God Almighty; our gods are Mammon and Moloch. We worship our wealth and sacrifice our children to ensure GDP continues to grow. We live in a dark and blind world. The natural man is spiritually dead — totally unable to move toward or even to respond to God. Yet think of that call of Abram. He was called forth from dark Ur — a center of moon worship, which included human sacrifice. God gave Abram the faith to respond to the call, and that faith was counted to Abram as righteousness. Like Noah, Abram found favor with God — he did not win it with works. For what came first: The faith of the works? Only after he believed did Abram leave Ur, sojourn in Canaan, circumcise himself and his household, offer up Isaac, and otherwise obey the Lord. Works follow belief. When Christ came in the flesh, He found a world just as dark and just as blind as ours. The Jews, despite having the Scriptures, did not recognize the Messiah. Nicodemus, a well-known teacher, did not recognize Christ, and could not grasp how one could be born again; he went so far as to ask how one could return to the womb to be born a second time. But what does Christ say? The Greek is deliberately vague: It can mean one must be born ‘again’ or ‘from above’. These are, of course, both true, and Christ further clarifies: One must be born of water and the Spirit. What is this other than Holy Baptism? “What benefits does Baptism give?” “It works forgiveness of sins, rescues from death and the devil, and gives eternal salvation to all who believe this, as the words and promises of God declare.” And do not let the enthusiasts tempt you to doubt: The Word of God promises that Baptism works forgiveness of sins and that the promis...