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Rabbi Yochanan: A round sukkah is kosher if there is space for 24 people to sit around in the circle. The gemara explains that this means 24 amos. The circle needs to have a circumference of 24 amos in order to fit a 4x4 square sukkah [with a circumference of 16 amos] inside.

Summary

Rabbanan of Caesari, some say The Dayanim of Caesari (not all the learners, only the dayanim): The circumference of a circle within a square, is 25% less than the outer square’s circumference. The circumference of a square within a circle is a third of the outer circle’s circumference [half of the circumference of the square is (8) is subtracted from the circumference of the outer circle (24) which gives us the square’s circumference (16)].

However, their calculations are not accurate because the actual circumference of a circle that surrounds a 4x4 square is only 16 and ⅘ (6.5).

Rabbi Levi quoting Rabbi Meir: A potter who has an inner sukkah in which he lives and works and an outer sukkah surrounding it; his dwelling cannot be used as a sukkah and it requires a mezuzah. The outer sukkah is kosher as a sukkah and does not require a mezuzah.

Question: Why doesn’t the outer sukkah require a mezuzah? The vestibule of a residence requires a mezuzah.

Response: Here, the residence itself is not so permanent.