Reason with Science: Recent Episodes
Jitender Kumar
Science is one of the most significant tools that humanity has developed. This podcast is aimed to bring scientific understanding from various fields at one platform for the humanity.
This episode is with Steven Austad.
He is the Protective Life Endowed Chair in Health Aging Research, a Distinguished professor and Chair of the Department of Biology at the University of Alabama at Birmingham. Steven has been at the forefront of unraveling the mysteries of why some individuals live longer and healthier lives than others. His work covers a diverse array of topics, from the cellular mechanisms of aging to the evolutionary aspects of longevity in various species. In this conversation we talk about what is ageing?, biggest challenges in the field of ageing, evolutionary aspects of ageing, chronic illnesses and how to increase human life span?
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
This episode is with Enrico Coen. He is a plant biologist and geneticist at John Innes Centre. Enrico's work has focused on unraveling the intricate genetic and molecular mechanisms that govern the formation and growth of plants. He is the author of two books, namely, 'Cells to civilizations' and 'Art of genes'.
In this conversation we talk about major transitions in biology, emergence of complexity, evolution of life, drivers of evolution, evolution of brains, Intelligence and science.
Guest info:Website: https://www.jic.ac.uk/people/enrico-coen/Twitter: https://twitter.com/InnerWorlds1Amazon: https://www.amazon.co.uk/stores/Enrico-Coen/author/B001HCV4C8?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true
Episode links: Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/cells-to-civilizations-with-enrico-coenYoutube: https://youtu.be/_20Tko5_Xho?si=RiEHhpaOlgaBGjilSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/13MfRZ6EGFPW05osKeWUfW?si=QT-HPrXXR5OiCwHM07AxiQApple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/cells-to-civilizations-with-enrico-coen-%7C-reason-with-science-%7C-evolution-%7C-science-%7C-culture/c2fa8dec-cefa-4b2a-9498-56d67e12b08cGoogle podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/ZjQ1Y2FlNWEtNWJiZS00MGVmLWJkZGMtOWM2ZGZiZjBjMjVh?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwjI1ZGbl5CBAxUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:04 Major transformations of life
00:14:12 What is science and how it works?
00:16:22 Can science help us to study fundamental nature of reality?
00:30:07 Do we need an absolutist view of science?
00:37:14 What are the commonalities between evolution, development, culture and learning?
00:44:32 Role of parasites in the evolution of life
00:47:49 Survival of the fittest
00:53:07 Natural selection at the level of replicators
00:58:46 Level at which evolution works (genes or cells)
01:09:47 Concept of memes
01:16:00 Why religion has been successful?
01:25:45 Crucial elements of scientific method
01:32:50 Importance of self-doubt
01:36:10 Covid-19 pandemic and science
01:40:00 Science and art
01:48:09 Future writing
01:50:12 Thank you!
This episode is with John Bargh. He is a social psychologist at Yale University. John's work has shed light on the intricate workings of the human mind, delving into topics such as priming, automaticity, and the power of the unconscious. His research has challenged conventional notions, revealing how subtle cues and environmental factors can shape our perceptions,decisions, and actions.
In this conversation we talk about unconscious mind, priming effects, evolution of consciousness, unconscious biases, and can we train our unconscious?
Guest info:
Website: https://acmelab.yale.edu/
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Books-John-Bargh/s?rh=n%3A283155%2Cp_27%3AJohn+Bargh
Google scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=xueSKyQAAAAJ&hl=en
Episode links: Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/unconscious-mind-and-our-behavior-with-john-bargh Youtube: https://youtu.be/rb2gaN0VAsI Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/08y5c7CKorKThk5w0BgSlQ?si=DLAvsAE5Ss2vhrLCyqW0Zw Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/unconscious-mind-and-our-behavior-|-john-bargh-|-reason-with-science-|-psychology-|-consciousness/ffb36aaf-7029-40b9-9066-9fb23050a72f Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/MjA4MzQ5OTgtZTVkZS00Nzk3LTkzNjUtZWI5OGJkODE2ZjZj?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwjgsfX5iev_AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:46 Early career
00:04:10 Hard problem of consciousness
00:10:33 Unconscious mind and it's role in our behavior
00:17:57 Distinction between conscious and unconscious mind
00:20:40 Hot and Cold experiments
00:29:56 Priming effects
00:30:40 Global effects of priming
00:34:05 Goal priming
00:39:40 Trust priming for the idiologies
00:55:45 Cultural priming
00:58:31 Priming effects through Social media
01:07:50 Evolution of conscious and unconscious mind
01:15:00 Examples of conscious and unconscious activities
01:17:46 Evolution of unconscious mind in other species
01:20:50 Consciousness in other species
01:24:00 Can we train our unconscious mind?
01:27:24 Effects of multi-tasking
01:34:00 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)
01:36:03 Unconscious biases
01:42:02 Next book
01:45:12 Thank You!
This episode is with Michael Russell. He is geologist who works on the origin of life. Mike is an originator of the theory that life emerged at alkaline submarine hydrothermal vents. In this conversation we talk about topics related to origin of life, hydrothermal vents, alien life, artificial life, and are there new life forms emerging now?
Guest info:
Website: https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/nai/directory/russell-michael/
Episode links: Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/life-origins-at-hydrothermal-vents-with-michael-russell Youtube: https://youtu.be/CtKMl5Gr5JY Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/3xyGOMu6CNOfbIknRhFis3?si=LqPekasnTv6mUo6e8AAGkA Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/life-origins-at-hydrothermal-vents-|-michael-russell-|-reason-with-science-|-geology-|-chemistry/a651d6d1-2124-46e7-b83d-c1a2918dfceb Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/ZjU3MjQ0MTctYWJkZC00ODExLWEzOTAtZDUwM2UzMDVkMGUz?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwjggpygouH_AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:49 What are the most interesting aspects of life?
00:04:02 Beginning of space-time
00:08:42 Dawn of chemistry
00:11:47 Progress in science
00:16:37 Discovery of hydrothermal vents for emergence of life
00:28:12 How the submarine alkaline vents were discovered?
00:37:06 Early earth conditions for the origin of life
00:44:22 Major issues to explain orgin of life
00:49:45 Composition of green rust
00:52:07 Disagreement on engines of hydrothermal vents
00:54:15 Can we link origin of metabolism at hydrothermal vents with the information?
00:56:22 Next step after origin of metabolism
00:59:22 Membranes and viruses
01:02:34 Did protocells escape hydrothermal vents?
01:08:47 Did LUCA (Last Universal Common Ancestor) evolve in hydrothermal vents?
01:18:56 Creating an artificial hydrothermal vents
01:29:00 Thank you!
This episode is with Lee Cronin. He is the Regius Chair of Chemistry in the School of Chemistry at the University of Glasgow. He and his team are trying to make artificial life forms, find alien life, explore the digitization of chemistry, understand how information can be encoded into chemicals and construct chemical computers. In this conversation we talk about topics related to origin of life, framework to build life from inorganic material, assembly theory, Darwinian evolution, and alien life.
Guest info:
Website: https://www.chem.gla.ac.uk/cronin/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/leecronin?s=20
Episode links: Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/building-life-from-chemistry-with-lee-cronin Youtube: https://youtu.be/IrTp7uu8le0 Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/02qVFLcY6AF7HWvCJqHqZe?si=gDcdgmjbSAy93Pne9rcWcw Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/building-life-from-chemistry-|-lee-cronin-|-reason-with-science-|-artificial-life-|-origin-of-life/9ed704ca-7836-4a52-a3a3-b894f537ff4a Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/MmJhZDViOTUtZWZjMS00NjY0LTlmZDYtZmM2ZTdiNTRlNmVl?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwjA1ZHF27v_AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:59 Lee's point of view of origin of life research
00:02:24 Are there different scales in chemistry of origin of life?
00:04:01 Framework to build life
00:06:57 Theory of life
00:12:06 Can darwinian evolution works beyond at the chemical level?
00:15:59 Fundamental level of selection
00:22:04 Memories of compounds
00:22:42 Assembly theory
00:24:51 Multiverse
00:28:05 Why haven't we managed to build life so far?
00:31:33 How to use automation to build life?
00:36:33 What is essence of life?
00:39:03 Why do we have life only on earth in our solar system?
00:39:33 Experiment to build life
00:40:33 What will be the information of artificial life?
00:41:19 Chemputer
00:44:38 3D printing life forms
00:49:07 How to identify alien life?
00:50:22 Explanation of assembly theory
00:54:22 How to differentiate alien organic or inorganic matter?
00:58:12 Selection at artificial cells
01:02:45 Thank you!
This episode is with Robert Aumann (94 years old now).
He is widely regarded as one of the most influential thinkers in game theory and decision theory. His exceptional work has not only reshaped the way we understand strategic decision-making and cooperation but has also garnered him numerous accolades. In 2005, Aumann was awarded the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences for his pioneering work in game theory and its applications. His groundbreaking insights have not only advanced our theoretical understanding of strategic decision-making but also have practical implications in various fields, such as negotiations, conflict resolution, and the design of market mechanisms.
In this conversation we talk about the topics related to his scientific journey including game theory to study the conflict and cooperation, Nash equilibrium, Aumann Agreement Theorem, Knot theory, rationality, and future directions of game theory.
Guest info:
Website: https://mathematics.huji.ac.il/people/robert-j-aumann
Episode links: Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/behavioral-economics-and-game-theory-with-robert-aumann Youtube: https://youtu.be/l6AK1RlNPSo Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/6hKAlf7GqPwhtkrNLaPU9I?si=55G-9LCwS-qn5ecZvPQ6DQ Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/behavioral-economics-and-game-theory-|-robert-aumann-|-reason-with-science-|-nobel-laureate-|-psychology/b975ea0c-2501-448a-8bd3-ea58628da534 Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/NjRmN2RlMTEtYWY1NS00ZGNmLTkwNzgtMGE3ZmJkMDY3YzZl?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwiQ5IGWuKn_AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:07 Interest in mathematics and economics
00:12:34 What is game theory?
00:16:35 War is an example of a game
00:17:30 Zero sum game
00:18:33 Politics is also a game
00:19:05 Contributions of John Nash to game theory
00:28:35 Examples of game theory regarding economics
00:47:00 Concept of common knowledge
00:58:30 Agreement theorem
01:04:25 Bayesianism and agreement theorem
01:05:42 Importance of education
01:13:48 Rationality
01:22:55 Kahneman and Tversky's work
01:25:30 Wars are rational
01:43:40 Life at the age of 93!
01:44:30 Thank you
This episode is with Denis Noble.
He is a renowned biologist, physiologist, and systems theorist, known for his pioneering research in the fields of cardiac physiology and systems biology.
Noble's early work on the electrical activity of the heart was centered on this topic, and he was the first to put forth the notion of the cardiac action potential, which is now generally recognized in the field. He has also contributed significantly to our understanding of cardiac arrhythmias, irregular heart rhythms that can cause serious health concerns.
In addition to his work in cardiac physiology, Noble has been a critical player in the development of systems biology, which aims to comprehend complex biological systems by integrating data from different sources. He has also been a vocal proponent of using mathematical and computational approaches in biology, and his work has contributed to developing a new paradigm for biological research.
In this conversation we talk about the topics related to evolution, including Neo-Darwinism, the role of DNA as information, the use of genes as templates for evolution, the emerging field of epigenetics, the significance of bioelectricity, and potential future directions for evolutionary research.
Guest info:Website: https://www.dpag.ox.ac.uk/team/denis-nobleGoogle scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=J6kLmsIAAAAJ&hl=enAmazon: https://www.amazon.com/Books-Denis-Noble/s?rh=n%3A283155%2Cp_27%3ADenis+Noble
Episode links: Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/what-drives-evolution-with-denis-nobleYoutube: https://youtu.be/V09fJ38Qt6ESpotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/5DtKdllyvzMtNxMc3hS4cI?si=grH2uw6ySNmMMa-Uq6pv_gApple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/what-drives-evolution-|-denis-noble-|-reason-with-science-|-darwin-|-selfish-genes-|-richard-dawkins/714742fe-f764-44f6-ac50-bb4e52dabd1fGoogle podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/N2QwMGUwY2ItMWU0NC00N2FlLWE0YjgtMTM1MGE3N2UzMmFj?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwjAwbSUgfb-AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:58 DNA as the information in biological systems
00:20:30 What drives evolution?
01:00:49 Horizontal gene transfer
01:05:03 What is an organism?
01:23:08 Importance of metaphors
01:31:00 What is a gene?
01:31:57 Evolution of species
01:39:03 Artificial life
01:41:04 Thank you!
This episode is with Michael Levin and Nick Lane. Mike is a Professor in the Biology department at Tufts University. He studies the role of bioelectric signals in regulating development and regeneration in animals. Nick is a professor of Evolutionary Biochemistry at University College London. His work is focused on the fundamental processes that underlie the origin and evolution of life. In this conversation, we talk about major transitions and key innovations in biology, information in biological systems, bioelectricity, emergence of eukaryotes and importance of bioelectric signals to create artificial life.
Guests info:
Nick Lane-
Website: https://nick-lane.net/Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Nick-Lane/e/B001IXSEJ2/ref=dp_byline_cont_pop_book_1Google scholar: https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?hl=en&view_op=list_works&gmla=AJsN-F4olJCJHK40l0_0fVpJFgPP2JYynLUs5cpCsX0ADVj9y4VIo99TJ598Hr0_ItDJucJJGG4Tlxw9nr0zvdBMl8ow3iI3rA&user=eChselQAAAAJ
Michael Levin-
Website: https://ase.tufts.edu/biology/labs/levin/Twitter: https://twitter.com/drmichaellevin
Episode links:
Website:
Youtube:
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Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:58 Transition from chemistry to biology
00:06:53 Emergence of complexity
00:09:53 Key innovation of biology (Resting potential over genome)
00:13:53 Hardware-software in biology
00:15:35 Evolutionary biology and software of extinct species
00:18:48 Bioelectricity and biology
00:21:45 Biolectricity at molecular level
00:29:05 Metabolism is central to bioelectric signals
00:32:21 How bioelectric systems evolve?
00:43:33 Emergence of eukaryotes
00:47:05 Multicellularity
01:19:55 Plasticity at the genome level
01:30:02 How the memories are stored?
01:44:00 Ploidy (genome copies) and biology
01:49:00 Anaesthesia
01:53:37 Importance of bioelectricity to create synthetic life
01:58:38 Thank you
Join us for a live stream about life on Mars! For years, humanity has been captivated by the idea of the red planet and the possibility of finding extraterrestrial life. With advancements in technology and space exploration, the search for life on Mars has become more realistic than ever before. In this stream, we will talk about latest discoveries and developments in our understanding of the Martian environment, and explore the potential for life to exist on this neighboring planet. We will also discuss why NASA or ESA would not be able to find life on Mars? How a new project 'ALFA Mars' will contribute in this endeavor? Guests:1) Steven Benner2) Miguel Ángel Fernandez3) Catherine Maggiori4) Jan ŠpačekFollow Reason with Science: Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/ Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/reasonwithscience Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894 Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw Timestamps:00:00:00 Introduction
This episode is with Chris Stringer. Chris is a renowned paleoanthropologist and a leading expert in the study of human evolution. He is a researcher at the Natural History Museum in London. He is best known for his work on the origins and evolution of modern humans. In this discussion, we will delve into the topics of evolution of sapiens, the development of modern humans, the reasons for our unique existence, and making projections about the future of human evolution.Guest info:Website: https://www.nhm.ac.uk/our-science/departments-and-staff/staff-directory/chris-stringer.htmlTwitter: https://twitter.com/ChrisStringer65?s=20Episode links: Website: Youtube: Spotify: Apple podcast: Google podcast: Follow Reason with Science: Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/ Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894 Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw Timestamps:00:00:00 IntroductionMore talks/conversations by Chris:#reasonwithscience #evolution #sapiens
This episode is with Kate Adamala.
She is an assistant professor at the University of Minnesota. Kate is a renowned synthetic biologist and biochemist who has made significant contributions to the field of artificial life. Her research focuses on building synthetic cells, designing artificial genetic circuits, and exploring the origins of life on Earth. In this discussion, we will cover topics related to the first artificial life created in the lab, the creation of synthetic cells, various techniques for constructing artificial life, the origins of life, and the significant applications of synthetic cells.
Guest info:
Website: http://www.protobiology.org/indexd.php
Twitter: https://twitter.com/KateAdamala
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/@build-a-cell2765
Episode links:
Website:
Youtube:
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Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:01 First synthetic life at Craig Venter institute
00:03:46 What is a synthetic cell?
00:05:27 Definition of life
00:07:54 Replication of synthetic cells
00:10:00 Meaning of building life in the lab
00:11:22 Properties of biochemistry
00:12:55 Top-down or bottom-up approaches to build synthetic cells
00:14:28 Major components to build a cell
00:15:53 Importance of compartmentalization for synthetic cells
00:17:23 Liquid-liquid phase separation compartments
00:18:36 Requirements for the assembly of synthetic cells
00:20:04 Life from scratch
00:22:05 Information system in the synthetic cells
00:26:25 Genes to replication of the synthetic cells
00:30:11 Life of the synthetic cells
00:30:31 Limiting factors for the growth of synthetic cells
00:31:57 How the compartments are maintained?
00:32:58 Can synthetic cells grow forever?
00:33:51 Size of synthetic cells
00:35:20 Shape of the cells
00:35:49 Transporters in the synthetic cells
00:37:55 Applications of synthetic cells
00:42:20 Synthetic cells to study origin of life
00:43:36 Evolution of protocells
00:46:45 What is missing in building life in the lab?
00:48:12 How the work on synthetic cells can help in astrobiology?
00:49:52 Understanding multicellularity
00:51:07 Work on snowflake yeasts
00:52:17 Studying eukaryogenesis
00:53:01 How can we study evolution (by natural selection) using synthetic cells?
00:54:20 Synthetic cells for the environment
00:56:27 Limits to the biochemistry of synthetic cells
00:58:42 Engineering prosthetic
01:01:07 Viruses and the synthetic cells
01:02:27 Replication competent viruses
01:03:40 Alternatives of metabolism and biochemistry of synthetic cells
01:07:13 Yields from synthetic cells
01:09:22 Build-a-cell initiative
01:12:55 Major questions in the build-a-cell community
01:15:21 Further reading
01:16:54 Thank you!
This episode is with Eugene Koonin.
He is a highly respected computational biologist who has made significant contributions to the fields of evolutionary biology, genomics, and bioinformatics. Eugene is a distinguished investigator at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI). His research interests include the evolution of viruses and the development of new computational methods for analyzing large-scale genomic data. Here we talk about origins and evolution of viruses, major transitions in evolution, diversity of viruses, and tools to study viruses.
Guest info:
Website: https://www.molevol.hhu.de/en/prof-dr-william-f-martin
Episode links:
Website:
Youtube:
Spotify:
Apple podcast:
Google podcast:
Follow Reason with Science:
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Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:03 How do we define viruses?
00:04:12 Major transitions in evolution and viruses
00:10:15 Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA) and its virome
00:15:50 Diversity of viruses
00:26:40 Multiple origins of viruses
00:28:56 Origin of viruses
00:35:21 Viruses and replicators
00:38:11 Selfish elements as information carriers
00:40:01 Nature of selfish elements
00:42:45 Why selfish elements emerge?
00:47:46 Membranes of viruses
00:53:00 Connection between information and compartments
00:56:10 Replication strategies of selfish elements
00:58:33 Strategies of viruses to organize and replicate their genomes
01:00:18 Genomes of giant viruses
01:02:56 Small or Giant viruses: which came first?
01:03:34 Tools to study phylogenetics of viruses
01:06:40 Can we identify the host of a virus from the genome and vice versa?
01:08:39 Minimum number of genes required for the survival
01:12:55 Understanding the complexity of alien life forms
01:14:31 Last Bacterial Common Ancestor (LBCA) and Last Archaeal Common Ancestor (LACA)
01:18:56 Evolution of Last Eukaryotic Common Ancestor (LECA) from bacterial and archaea
01:23:02 Endosymbiosis in nature
01:26:15 Bacterial and Archaea emdosymbiosis effects on compartments
01:28:27 Size differences in bacteria and archaea
01:29:33 Future of phylogeny of viruses
01:31:20 Thank you!
This episode is with William (Bill) Martin.
He is the head of the institute of molecular evolution at the University of Düsseldorf. With a career spanning over decades, he has made significant contributions to the field of molecular biology, particularly in the areas of evolution and symbiosis. Here we talk about the question of origin of life, importance of metabolism, prebiotic chemistry at hydrothermal vents, emergence of information, compartmentalization, and early evolution of cells.
Guest info:
Website: https://www.molevol.hhu.de/en/prof-dr-william-f-martin
Google scholar: https://scholar.google.de/citations?user=ms16utkAAAAJ&hl=en
Episode links:
Website:
Youtube:
Spotify:
Apple podcast:
Google podcast:
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:51 Charles Darwin's idea of warm little pond
00:04:19 Progress in the field of origin of life
00:13:46 Importance of energy for origin of life
00:20:40 Origin of life at the hydrothermal vents
00:30:45 Reaction of hydrogen and Carbon-DI-oxide at the hydrothermal vents
00:36:40 Crucial transitions for origin of cellular life
00:55:06 Emergence of information at hydrothermal vents
01:01:56 Importance of enzymes
01:06:25 Link between information and compartmentalization
01:08:24 Last Bacterial Common Ancestor (LBCA) and Last Archaeal Common Ancestor (LACA)
01:11:14 Importance of phase separation
01:16:10 Origin of life as an engineering problem
01:21:40 Life on exoplanets
01:23:57 Thank you!
This conversation is with Lee McIntyre. He is a Research Fellow at the Center for Philosophy and History of Science at Boston University and an Instructor in Ethics at Harvard Extension School. In this conversation we talk about what is science, importance of scientific method, science deniers, flat earthers, Anti-Vaxx, GMO deniers and climate change deniers.
Guest info:
Website: https://leemcintyrebooks.com/about-lee/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/LeeCMcIntyre
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/stores/Lee-McIntyre/author/B001IXPVPM?ref=ap_rdr&store_ref=ap_rdr&isDramIntegrated=true&shoppingPortalEnabled=true
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/art-of-science-communication-with-lee-mcintyre
Youtube: https://youtu.be/XgZM0vaNBu4
Spotify:
Apple podcast:
Google podcast:
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Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
0:00 Introduction
01:10 Philosophy of science and science denial
03:19 Flat earther convention
06:00 What do science deniers lack?
07:54 What is scientific method?
10:51 Distinction between skeptics and science deniers?
16:00 Need to feel different for science deniers?
17:23 Attitude of scientific community?
20:35 'No one cares about climate change outside Maldives'
24:35 Vaccination denial
29:25 GMO deniers
34:02 Is there a correlation between science denial ideologies?
36:48 Can scientists be corrupt?
39:40 How science reaches to consensus?
41:47 How to maintain trust in changing science?
44:34 Backfire effect?
49:12 What science can give them as an identity?
51:36 Impact of using terms 'Science deniers'.
52:18 Correlation between countries with science deniers and how they handled pandemic?
53:34 Does it really matter to convert science deniers?
54:45 What more to read?
56:23 Find more information about Lee's work.
56:52 Thank you!
This episode is with Chris Fields. He is an independent scientist with PhD in Philosophy from the University of Colorado. Here we talk about what is self?, nature of consciousness, free energy principle, Donald Hoffman's theory of consciousness, Integrated information theory, physical reality and quantum field theory.
This episode is with Nicholas Christakis. He is the Sterling Professor of Social and Natural Science at Yale University, where he directs the Human Nature Lab. He is also the Co-Director of the Yale Institute for Network Science. His research focuses on social networks and the socioeconomic, biosocial, and evolutionary determinants of behavior, health, and longevity.
Here we talk about nature nurture, The social suite which includes seven core properties of any good society, The forbidden experiment in sociology, and morality.
Guest info:
Website: https://humannaturelab.net/people/nicholas-christakis
Twitter: https://twitter.com/NAChristakis
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/s?i=stripbooks&rh=p_27%3ANicholas+A.+Christakis+MD++PhD&s=relevancerank&text=Nicholas+A.+Christakis+MD++PhD&ref=dp_byline_sr_book_1
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/the-evolutionary-origins-of-a-good-society-with-nicholas-christakis
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=61-cE2z-aWI
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/2WjOykglFgmydegQ18QajI
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/the-evolutionary-origins-of-a-good-society-|-nicholas-christakis-|-reason-with-science-|-psychology/904d4179-7dc4-4a6f-b8c2-a5c13e520d7c
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/NDQ0NmFiMDUtMDI5ZS00NzAxLWFhNjYtMjQ3MjgxNTQ0YzBi?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwjor4S5ybP9AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQQw
Follow Reason with Science:
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Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:03 Major questions about human societies
00:07:16 Importance of human social networks
00:09:58 Nature- nurture debate
00:14:15 The social suite
00:16:06 Importance of the social society in creating a human society
00:22:17 Going beyond the social suite in a society
00:24:25 Extended phenotype and Exo-phenotype
00:29:36 Exo-phenotype and Darwinian evolution
00:30:30 Importance of an individual in a society
00:34:48 In-group bias
00:44:56 How much we can change 'In-group bias'?
00:47:03 Robert Sapolsky's 'Categorical thinking'
00:53:05 Life on Mars
00:54:11 Importance of Mild hierarchies
00:55:49 Mentorship over Narcissism
01:01:39 Love in human societies
01:06:15 Morality
01:09:11 Thank you!
This episode is with Chris Impey. He is a university Distinguished Professor of Astronomy at the University of Arizona. For 17 years he was Deputy Head of the Astronomy Department at the University of Arizona, and he is currently Associate Dean of the College of Science. His research focuses on observational cosmology—using telescopes and other instruments to study the large-scale structure and evolution of the universe. Here we talk about Einstein's monsters, How do black holes form?, Types of black holes?, Information paradox, Supernova, Dark matter and Dark energy.
Guest info:
Website: http://chrisimpey-astronomy.com/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/ImpeyChris
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/stores/Chris-Impey/author/B001IZXGTS?isDramIntegrated=true&ref=ap_rdr&shoppingPortalEnabled=true&store_ref=ap_rdr
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/physics-of-black-holes-with-chris-impey
Youtube: https://youtu.be/n_0Wp0s39Es
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/7juYOARFZeR2Z1lr7oA0Bw
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/physics-of-black-holes-with-chris-impey/a1ca48fd-09ea-438f-98c9-54bdfc907c8b
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/ZmI1MzU1NGItM2EyOC00NjAwLWFhYzItMGQ5YTgzN2RjYjE5?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwjYy_zTm6H9AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAQ
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Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
This episode is with Abhay Ashtekar. He is Evan Pugh Professor of Physics at Penn State, where he also holds the Eberly Chair. In 1993, he founded the Institute of Gravitation and the Cosmos. Ashtekar’s scientific work focuses on theoretical aspects of general relativity, cosmology and quantum gravity. Here we talk about what is gravity?, loop quantum gravity, The big bang, The big bounce, Singularities, Black holes and gravitational waves.
Guest info:
Website: https://science.psu.edu/physics/people/abhay-ashtekar
Biography: https://www.aip.org/history-programs/niels-bohr-library/oral-histories/45807
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/big-bang-black-holes-and-gravitational-waves-with-abhay-ashtekar
Youtube: https://youtu.be/_eYw_MQXIhM
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/1W2ltjs6l9I0WSAo9CYEKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/cz/podcast/big-bang-black-holes-and-gravitational-waves-abhay/id1641776894?i=1000597045107
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/NDc4OGIxMGMtNDY4My00ZmRiLWE0OWUtZjMyYjhkYmIyYTA1?ep=14
Follow Reason with Science:
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Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:52 What is gravity?
00:10:50 Einstein's equivalence principle
00:15:34 Importance of geometry in physics
00:19:04 Introduction to quantum field theory
00:23:50 Einstein's work on quantum mechanics
00:25:04 Quantum field theory to explain reality
00:33:10 Scale of theory of relativity and quantum field theory
00:37:50 Introduction to loop quantum gravity
00:52:44 Gravity is a weak force
00:54:45 'Loops' in loop quantum gravity
01:05:20 Difference between strings and quantum threads
01:07:04 Status of Gravitons
01:10:58 Importance of gravitons
01:15:12 Gravitational waves
01:17:34 What is a black hole?
01:21:16 Black holes and loop quantum gravity
01:27:12 The Big Bounce
01:38:00 Loop quantum cosmology
01:39:07 Big bounce and the universe
01:41:31 Validating loop quantum gravity
01:45:25 Recommended reading
01:49:51 Thank you!
Recommended reading:
The Story of Loop Quantum Gravity- From the Big Bounce to Black Holes https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1042&v=x9jYH5VIF9E Before the Big Bang 1 - Loop Quantum Cosmology Explained https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFcQuEw0oY8&feature=c4-overview&list=UUtOgKmAM4MeFu-jd-HB3_cg A
Short Review of Loop Quantum Gravity, by A. Ashtekar and E. Bianchi, https://arxiv.org/pdf/2104.04394.pdf
Quantum Space-time: Beyond the continuum of Minkowski and Einstein, by A. Ashtekar, https://arxiv.org/pdf/0810.0514.pdf
Clip: New Meaning of the Big Bang.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=U7kvjTRW-tw&feature=youtu.be
This episode is with Pavel Plevka. He is a research group leader at Central European institute of technology (CEITEC). His research is focused on solving the structures of viruses in order to understand their mechanism of action.
For this conversation, My co-host is Anna Papageorgiou (https://twitter.com/AnnaCalypte).
Here we talk about general aspects of viruses, their genomes, evolution of viruses, their infection strategies, impact of viruses on human health, environment and agriculture.
Guest info:
Website: https://www.ceitec.cz/doc-mgr-pavel-plevka-ph-d/u26854?page=publication
Twitter: https://twitter.com/PlevkaLab
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/viruses_the_enigma_of_life_with_pavel_plevka
Youtube: https://youtu.be/c2TRLkbDVa8
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/3J2A6psAbgwudGcaBXoePS?si=NNPZNbTbR52KZVSVKW_eyw
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/viruses-the-enigma-of-life-with-pavel-plevka/e369efdf-1cd7-42ff-967c-2937d6be3edd
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/YWJiMDRiY2EtYThjMC00M2M4LWExNWQtNWI3MjNkNDI3YmYw?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwj4qOK4q9v8AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
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Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:01 What is a virus and why do we study them?
00:02:02 Size of a viruses
00:03:57 Viroids and Gene Transfer Agents (GTA)
00:05:17 How to visualize viruses?
00:07:03 Different structures of viruses
00:08:34 Classification of viruses
00:10:01 How do viruses recognize their hosts and infect them?
00:16:58 Viral mechanism of action
00:19:42 How viruses can infect multiple hosts?
00:21:52 Essential features of viral genomes
00:23:30 Membranes and envelopes of viruses
00:26:05 Evolutionary origins of viruses
00:29:22 Why viruses are not part of the tree of life?
00:30:17 Co-evolution of viruses and hosts
00:37:24 How widespread viruses are?
00:39:47 Therapeutic strategies against viruses
00:42:26 Prevention against viruses
00:44:55 Phage therapy
00:47:27 Use of viruses in cancer therapies
00:49:00 Gene therapy
00:51:02 Importance of viruses for ecology
00:54:44 How viruses survive the extreme conditions?
00:58:40 Honeybee viruses
01:00:12 Do viruses carry known functions?
01:01:35 Are viruses alive?
01:02:29 What the technology lacks?
01:03:34 Pavel's favorite virus
01:04:21 Recommended article
01:05:10 Thank you!
Music by: Ahmed Hassan (https://www.youtube.com/@2ays577/featured)
This episode is with Peter Atkins. He is a chemist and a Fellow of Lincoln College at the University of Oxford. Peter is a prolific writer of popular chemistry textbooks, including Physical Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, and Molecular Quantum Mechanics.Here we talk about what are the laws of nature?, fundamental constants, emergence in the universe, strong and weak emergence, multiverse and a theory of everything.Guest info:Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Books-Peter-Atkins/s?rh=n%3A283155%2Cp_27%3APeter+AtkinsWikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_AtkinsEpisode links: Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/emergence-of-the-universe-with-peter-atkinsYoutube: https://youtu.be/o14rvWAXiJkSpotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/2YQUiJSqLSjXm6grwRKhN6?si=US1dT05USgSItcp0ybZovQApple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/emergence-of-the-universe-|-peter-atkins-|-reason-with-science-|-multiverse-|-physics/3ef09511-b6fd-4d44-84ae-59fbb5c974bbGoogle podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/ZTQyYzAzMTUtMDg4Ni00NTAyLWE0MjctOWQ3ZDM5NDQ1NGFi?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwjo-4GQ-5X8AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLAFollow Reason with Science: Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/ Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/i d1641776894 Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw Timestamps:00:00:00 Introduction00:00:56 What is emergence? 00:02:30 what is the relation between emergence, Complexity and self-organisation?00:12:42 How the universe originated?00:31:00 understanding nothing and multiverse00:32:07 How time emerges?00:34:09 is nothing still evolving?00:41:32 Evolution of humanity through time00:51:05 what does it mean to be human?00:52:48 how do we discover laws of nature?00:58:32 outlaws and inlaws.01:01:55 A grand unified theory in science01:06:08 are fundamental constants fundamental?01:17:11 predicting chemistry from physics01:22:05 Increasing importance of predictions01:26:05 what are the major questions for science of emergence?01:29:15 can we create 'absolutely nothing' in the lab?01:30:14 how much can we account for abstract properties?01:34:30 future work01:36:42 Thank youMore talks by Peter:1) origin of the laws of nature (https://youtu.be/p9Zmzcl85Ds) 2) where do the laws of nature come from (https://youtu.be/0_ckzZWDth8) 3) why emergence is significant (https://youtu.be/rAeEozekhu4) Music by: Ahmed Hassan ( )#reasonwithscience #physics #multiverse
This episode is with Charles Brenner. He is the Alfred E Mann Family Foundation Chair in the department of Diabetes and Cancer Metabolism. His research focuses on disturbances in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD), the central catalyst of metabolism, in diseases and conditions of metabolic stress.
Here we talk about what is metabolism?, NAD system, factors affecting NAD system, ageing, anti-ageing research and how NAD system can be used in health?
Guest info:
Website: https://www.brennerlab.net/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/CharlesMBrenner?s=20&t=sP8HvddsdScE8qzeQN_t3Q
Google scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=XgEjtucAAAAJ&hl=en
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/understanding-metabolism-and-aging-with-charles-brenner
Youtube: https://youtu.be/DHh_E3BbtmI
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/4q1tqsDiIuwi3jNtdZP2UM?si=QB1KgNMxQpu5dJvlNGLqWQ
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/understanding-metabolism-and-aging-|-charles-brenner-|-reason-with-science-|-nad-system-|-anti-aging/8ca959ec-8bbe-466b-a4e5-d2399d40a452
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/YmUxZmQyZDEtMjI1ZC00N2FlLWJjMjAtNjVmZDZkZDRiYzc1?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwiou6WW76v7AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:51 What is metabolism?
00:01:40 Metabolism at cellular level
00:02:44 Different metabolic processes
00:04:50 NAD (Nicotinamide adenine diamide) system
00:08:20 Food to NAD system
00:13:09 Evolutionary history of NAD system
00:15:44 Molecular description of NAD system
00:20:51 Synthesis of NAD
00:23:21 What is metabolic stress?
00:28:23 Consequences of metabolic stress on NAD system
00:29:45 Conditions caused by NAD deficiency
00:34:23 Impact of food on metabolic stress
00:35:51 Different types of foods and NAD levels
00:40:01 NAD levels and circadian rythem
00:40:50 Genetic predisposition to NAD levels
00:42:40 Are there population wide changes in NAD systems?
00:47:25 Importance of NAD levels in the blood and how much of these can enter in the cell?
00:50:08 Are there modified NMN compounds which can enter in the cell?
00:52:01 NAD system and aging
01:02:25 Objection against 'Sirtuins as drivers of aging'
01:04:29 How do we understand aging?
01:08:25 Biochemical explanation of aging
01:12:20 What kind of biomarkers can help is in studying aging?
01:15:33 Charles' work on NAD system
01:17:05 What sort of system can help us study aging?
01:23:37 Lifestyle and NAD system
01:26:07 NR (Nicotinamide Ribose) as supplements
01:27:19 Thank you!
reasonwithscience #health #aging
This episode is with William Ratcliff. He is an Associate Professor at the School of Biological Science at Georgia Tech. Will studies the physics that constrains multicellular structures and examines the minute changes in certain yeast cells that allows them to become multicellular.
Here we talk about origin of life, emergence of complexity, eukaryogenesis, how cells become multicellular? and major questions regarding how multicellularity evolves.
Guest info:
Website: https://ratclifflab.biosci.gatech.edu/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/wc_ratcliff?s=20&t=V9HDIs-TNdMJazo02F8v5Q
Google scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=wdVRIS0AAAAJ&hl=en
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/how-multicellularity-evolves-with-william-ratcliff
Youtube: https://youtu.be/HOrNrg2H5Ok
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0xWzhzWozsnIppGpcN1fNx?si=iMvD48OVSPqxhZTfnxv4CQ
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/how-multicellularity-evolves-with-william-ratcliff/20ca73cb-7550-451a-9dae-84e1c415ebed
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/MmIyMGYzZTYtMWY3My00M2UxLTk1YzgtNTQ0MDZlZGJmNmQ5?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwio98jQh4n7AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:50 Origin of life
00:09:02 Protocells and Last Universal Common Ancestor (LUCA)
00:11:58 Origin of LUCA
00:14:47 Evolution of life from LUCA
00:20:35 Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes
00:27:44 Semantics of colonies, communities and multicellularity
00:38:25 Kin selection and Group selection debate
00:43:12 Reductionism in science
00:49:32 Strong emergence
00:55:49 Snowflake yeasts
01:11:20 Multicellularity in bacteria
01:14:10 Reproduction in yeasts
01:21:11 Growth regulation in snowflake yeasts
01:27:47 Reproduction of snowflake yeasts
01:34:44 Evolutionary game theory
01:38:34 Michael Levin's work on Xenobots 01:41:56 Darwinian evolution is crucial for multicellular systems to evolve
01:47:01 How cellular functions are regulated in multicellular systems?
01:54:52 Nicole King's work on Choanoflagellates 01:57:19 Polarity in multicellular systems
01:59:32 Syncytia (Multinuclear) cells
02:04:22 Snowflake system and major questions about multicellularity 02:15:09 Reverting multicellularity
02:18:09 Thank you!
This episode is with Chris Ferrie. He is an associate Professor at the University of Technology Sydney and Centre for Quantum Software and Information. His research focuses on quantum information science. Chris also writes children's books and some selected titles include Quantum Physics for Babies, 8 Little Planets and Pandemics for Babies.
In this conversation we talk about beginning of quantum physics, Double slit experiment, matter, understanding reality, quantum entanglement and quantum computing.
Guest info:
Website: https://www.csferrie.com/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/csferrie
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Chris-Ferrie/e/B00IZILZR6/ref=aufs_dp_fta_dsk
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/csferrie
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/quantum-physics-for-babies-with-chris-ferrie
Youtube: https://youtu.be/fn1W6Ml_8yY Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0R2jkglSrfguE347uF4oxk
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/quantum-physics-for-babies-with-chris-ferrie/100f0595-9def-45e2-bc95-910415a5a077
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/NDRhZWI0YWEtYWY3OC00ZTAzLThhY2QtYTQyNzhlZDM1Yzk4?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwiItfPahvP6AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:55 Do we understand quantum physics?
00:03:50 Double slit experiment
00:08:43 Max Planck and Einstein's work
00:09:58 Early development of quantum theory
00:12:05 'Quantum' in quantum physics
00:12:41 Heisenberg's principle
00:18:56 Schrodinger's equation
00:20:10 Quantum superposition and quantum entanglement
00:22:53 How to understand quantum entanglement?
00:27:26 Measurement
00:30:13 What is matter and nature of reality?
00:34:22 Reductionism
00:36:07 Emergence and theory of everything
00:39:49 Science of chaos/luck/chance 00:42:11 Understanding chaos
00:43:54 Quantum information
00:50:07 Quantum information and consciousness
00:51:31 Work of Bernardo Kastrup and Donald Hoffman
00:54:54 (Eugene) Wigner's friend
00:59:44 Decoherence in quantum physics
01:02:31 Quantum computers
01:07:09 How big are quantum computers?
01:10:10 Problem with quantum computers
01:11:20 2022 Nobel prize in physics
01:15:04 Quantum systems in action
01:18:06 Writing science books for babies
01:21:08 Thank you!
This episode is with Lars Chittka. He is a professor at Queen Mary, University of London. Lars is an expert on the behaviour, cognition and ecology of Bees, and their interactions with flowers. His latest book is 'The mind of a Bee' where he explores the vast amount of work done on the Bee behavior.
In this conversation we talk about structure of Bee colonies, Nature-nurture, cognition, intelligence and consciousness.
Guest info:
Website: http://chittkalab.sbcs.qmul.ac.uk/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/LChittka
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Mind-Bee-Lars-Chittka/dp/0691180474 Music band: Lars is also a part of a band 'Killer Bee Queens', check out their music here (https://killerbeequeens.bandcamp.com/album/strange-flowers)
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/the-mind-of-a-bee-with-lars-chittka
Youtube: https://youtu.be/-DWpFy0ToX4
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0OoqlmcEK3IJLpSBHYG1EE?si=EIzoP0OZQO6XkzZZbXeIdw
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/the-mind-of-a-bee-with-lars-chittka/a4e353ce-37d8-4046-8cbf-310767565ebe
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/MjlkYzQxZWQtY2FhZi00NmZjLWJhM2ItNjUyODhlNzM3YmQ5?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwigjbq75eH6AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:51 Most alien thing about Bees
00:02:12 Words of Maurice Maeterlinck
00:03:32 How do Bees perceive the world?
00:05:11 Seeing UV light
00:05:43 How a new born Bee would learn about its world?
00:08:25 Evolution of sensitivity to UV
00:11:00 Bee and flower evolution
00:13:41 How a Bee manages task of foraging?
00:18:31 Can Bees see in the Dark?
00:23:15 Cognitive maps in Bees
00:26:44 Landmarks recognition by Bees
00:28:06 Are Bees social animals?
00:36:28 Bees as carnivores
00:38:46 Social structure of Bees
00:45:01 Understanding nature-nurture from social insects
00:50:33 When the fate (to be a worker or not) of a Bee is decided?
00:52:18 Arms race between queen and works
00:54:02 Making of a Queen
00:58:21 Bee nest
01:01:17 Plasticity in Bee communication
01:07:21 Intelligence and cognition in Bees
01:14:29 Memory and Metacognition
01:23:50 Are Bees conscious?
01:37:52 Hard problem of consciousness
01:43:38 Importance of Bees
01:47:08 Bee conservation
01:54:29 Sensory, perception system of Bees and AI
01:58:58 Thank you!
reasonwithscience #consciousness #intelligence
This episode is with Geraint Lewis. He is a Professor of Professor of Astrophysics at the Sydney Institute for Astronomy, part of the University of Sydney's School of Physics. His research focuses on the 'dark side of the universe', the matter and energy that shapes our cosmos. His books include 'A fortunate universe' and 'The cosmic revolutionary's handbook'. His latest book is 'Where did the universe come from' co-authored by Prof. Chris Ferrie.
In this conversation we talk about theory of gravity, quantum physics, Big Bang, Expansion of the universe?, Matter, how do the elements form?, Antimatter, Dark matter and Dark energy.
Guest info:
Website: https://www.geraintflewis.com/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/Cosmic_Horizons
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Geraint-F-Lewis/e/B01FRL8Y6I?ref=sr_ntt_srch_lnk_2&qid=1665204017&sr=8-2
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/where-did-the-universe-come-from-with-geraint-lewis
Youtube: https://youtu.be/ep5fVxS82FA
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/5i1wq8JfVXvphLWxwEPwrL?si=0010caeae15e429b
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/where-did-the-universe-come-from-with-geraint-lewis/0255437b-a7bd-42cb-a770-2e85bc89a92d
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/YmM5NTgyMDItMGFjNi00OTZhLWE0MjEtNzE0ZThlOTcyOThl?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwiw_ve6itD6AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:16 Do we have to presuppose the existence of the universe?
00:05:49 Something from nothing
00:07:14 'What is nothing?'
00:08:26 Theory of gravity and Quantum physics
00:14:30 Standard model in physics
00:16:17 Understanding matter
00:19:00 Why we can't include gravity at quantum level?
00:20:58 Scale matters for gravity
00:21:52 Scales for Quantum effects
00:26:46 Evidence for Big Bang
00:32:53 What is fundamental?
00:37:47 Space-time is doomed
00:43:09 Universe emerging from another universe
00:45:54 How to envision Big Bang?
00:49:16 Forces at work at the Big Bang
00:58:46 Idea of the multiverse
00:59:41 Fine tuning to produce elements in the universe
01:04:10 Are all electrons same?
01:11:00 Formation of the elements
01:14:12 How do various elements reach on the planets?
01:21:20 Antimatter and why matter exist?
01:31:29 Dark matter and Dark energy
01:34:16 Question of emergence
01:35:46 How does angular momentum get included in Dark matter models of galactic rotation?
01:39:24 Can we create a universe?
01:41:02 Thank you!
This episode is with Nick Enfield. He is a Professor of Linguistics at the University of Sydney. Nick's research on language, culture, cognition and social life is based on long term field work in mainland Southeast Asia, especially Laos. His books include Natural Causes of Language, Distributed Agency, and How We Talk. His latest book is 'Language vs Reality: Why language is good for lawyers and bad for scientists'
In this conversation we talk about evolution of language and How well it can describe reality?, Can language nudge our thoughts?, Maths as a language, evolution of human reason and rationality.
Guest info:
Website: http://nickenfield.org/
Google scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=ZZ6woWgAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=sra
Twitter: https://twitter.com/njenfield?s=20&t=rt6kyVo-IRUsdRu1Q4_W7g
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/can-language-describe-reality-with-nick-enfield
Youtube: https://youtu.be/lWzE55QeVDc
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/2Hc9rPQQKHeboy2TINF0ik?si=ifgkA1KxSoCGM4qS0U4iqQ
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/can-language-describe-reality-with-nick-enfield/dc89efc0-0bf4-4e35-85c2-f740fae73591
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/M2YyNTFjOTktNzZjMy00Y2Q3LWFhOTAtYzNhOGIzZmI0NDg2?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwj4w-iF0L76AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQAQ
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:07 What is language?
00:04:01 When does a communication system becomes a language?
00:08:02 How language got started?
00:13:31 Do sapiens have an advantage which helped us to start a language?
00:17:30 Language is too blunt for scientists and good for lawyers
00:23:40 We simplify the complexity of the world
00:28:23 Why language was evolved?
00:30:52 On Donald Hoffman's work
00:35:36 Brute reality and social reality
00:36:59 Yuval Harrari's imagined reality
00:40:38 Power of all the languages
00:44:29 Language in an AI society
00:47:25 Complexity of a language
00:56:18 Can complexity of a language affect psychology?
01:00:08 Sapira-Whorf hypothesis
01:04:07 Co-evolution and evolution of languages
01:08:05 Desmond Morris' work on neoteny
01:10:54 Purpose of a language
01:16:04 Rationality, reasoning and language
01:22:35 Truth and rationality
01:27:45 Fighting misinformation
01:30:19 Confirmation bias
01:31:55 Should we care if a language is dying?
01:38:06 Is mathematics a language?
01:44:26 Thank you!
reasonwithscience #languages #evolution
This is second part of the conversation with Randy Schekman. He is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and a Professor of Cell and Developmental Biology in the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of California at Berkeley. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2013 for his role in revealing the machinery that regulates the transport and secretion of proteins in our cells. He shares the prize with James E. Rothman of Yale University and Thomas C. Südhof of Stanford University.
In this conversation we talk about his work on scientific publishing, his suggestions for early-career researchers and his experience on Parkinson's project.
Listen to part I here: https://youtu.be/bl1uG4PbTOE
Find more about Randy's work: http://mcb.berkeley.edu/labs/schekman/
Randy's biography: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2013/schekman/facts/
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/the-noble-journey-with-randy-schekman-ii
Youtube: https://youtu.be/MNjfkoutAhQ
Spotify:
Apple podcast:
Google podcast:
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:49 How to select a scientific question?
00:05:13 Bold ideas survive in science!
00:06:50 Importance of collaboration in science
00:12:24 ASAP project model for early career researchers
00:13:03 Change in the evaluation process
00:19:25 How to understand quality of science?
00:24:31 Parkinson's project (ASAP)
00:28:02 Why scientific publishing can change?
00:29:43 Understanding of scientific method to improve scientific publishing!
00:31:37 Any shift in pressure of publishing?
00:32:58 More about Parkinson's project (ASAP)
00:38:38 Role of unstructured proteins in neurodegenerative diseases
00:41:41 Unstructured proteins are the next problem!
00:42:38 No markers for Parkinson's so far!
00:43:50 Causes of Parkinson's
00:45:06 What can be a potential cure of Parkinson's?
00:47:12 Thank you!
More Talks from Randy:
TEDx on scientific publishing: https://youtu.be/-N4Mb8tsyT8
iBiology: https://youtu.be/xvjUgTKlKyU
Nobel prize inspiration initiative lecture: https://youtu.be/Udg6bYkBtX8
reasonwithscience #nobelprize #science
This is first part of the conversation with Randy Schekman. He is an investigator of the Howard Hughes Medical Institute and a Professor of Cell and Developmental Biology in the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of California at Berkeley. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2013 for his role in revealing the machinery that regulates the transport and secretion of proteins in our cells. He shares the prize with James E. Rothman of Yale University and Thomas C. Südhof of Stanford University.
In this conversation we talk about his early career, membranes, exosomes, scientific publishing and Elife journal.
Listen to part II: https://youtu.be/MNjfkoutAhQ
Find more about Randy's work: http://mcb.berkeley.edu/labs/schekman/
Randy's biography: https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/2013/schekman/facts/
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/the-noble-journey-with-randy-schekman-i
Youtube: https://youtu.be/bl1uG4PbTOE
Spotify:
Apple podcast:
Google podcast:
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:08 Interest in microbes
00:05:27 Yeasts have feelings too!
00:06:24 What was already known about vesicular trafficking?
00:08:42 How do you envision a cell?
00:09:51 Your work to understand 'what is life'?
00:12:48 Formation of membranes for the origin of life
00:14:39 Why membranes are ideal for life!
00:15:48 Differences of membranes
00:17:07 The evolution of membranes
00:19:02 Starting the work on vesicular trafficking
00:23:09 Discovery of COPII complex
00:25:24 The specialty of COPII complex
00:26:30 Importance of vesicular trafficking for animal physiology
00:27:39 Understanding of gut feeling!
00:28:56 What has changed after Nobel prize?
00:30:30 Different cellular trafficking system
00:32:11 Exosomes and miR223
00:34:29 Problems with exosomes as therapeutics
00:35:08 Peer-review and scientific publishing
00:39:44 Genesis of Elife
00:44:05 Impact factor of Elife
00:46:35 Thank you!
More Talks from Randy:
TEDx on scientific publishing: https://youtu.be/-N4Mb8tsyT8
iBiology: https://youtu.be/xvjUgTKlKyU
Nobel prize inspiration initiative lecture: https://youtu.be/Udg6bYkBtX8
reasonwithscience #nobelprize #cellbiology
This episode is with Frans De Waal. He is a professor in Emory University's psychology department and the Director of the Living Links Center at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center. He is the author of several popular books like 'Chimpanzee politics', The age of empathy' and 'The bonobo and the atheist'. His latest book is 'Different: gender through the eyes of a primatologist'.
More about Frans's work:
https://www.emory.edu/LIVING_LINKS/people/dewaal.shtml
List of his books:
https://www.amazon.com/Frans-De-Waal/e/B000APOHE0/ref=aufs_dp_mata_dsk
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/how-human-values-evolve-with-frans-de-waal
Youtube: https://youtu.be/liNH1h8lZN4
Spotify:
Apple podcast:
Google podcast:
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Welcome and introduction
00:00:35 Journey of Frans De Waal
00:01:58 Why to study animals?
00:04:51 Are humans rational?
00:07:31 Evolution of blind faith?
00:09:04 What is the foundation of morality?
00:12:15 What is reciprocity?
00:14:41 Importance of reciprocity in societies
00:16:00 Do hierarchies exist? What is their need in the society?
00:19:48 Where is the power in a hierarchy?
00:21:28 Bonobos and the matriarchy!
00:24:34 Unconscious bias
00:28:07 Luit: an alpha male targeted by a coup in the colony
00:31:07 Do animals grieve?
00:33:13 Consciousness and Sentience
00:36:49 Do we need zoo's?
00:38:46 Chimp Haven: A project for chimpanzee's released for research labs
00:40:38 Future of farm animals
00:42:43 Saving animals from poaching
00:44:01 International orangutan day
00:44:57 Questions from Dr. Kavyashree Manjunath
00:48:36 Question from Dr. Devendra Mohan Mathur
00:50:58 Questions from Dr. Neha Shukla
00:55:59 Question from Dr. Manu Sharma
00:57:19 Question from Anna Papageorgiou
01:00:00 Question from Reema Masey
01:01:55 Question from Dr. Sara bologna
01:04:04 Question from Dr. Sreetama Bhadra
01:06:12 Upcoming book and farewell
morality #religion #reasonwithscience
This episode is with Nick Lane. Nick is a professor of Evolutionary Biochemistry at University College London. He is an author of several books like Power, Sex, Suicide; Life ascending and the Vital question. His latest book is Transformer: The Deep Chemistry of Life and Death.
Here we talk about What is life?, Life as an information, importance of Krebs cycle, How did the life start?, consciousness, chronic diseases like cancer and process of ageing.
Guest info:
Website: https://nick-lane.net/
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Nick-Lane/e/B001IXSEJ2/ref=dp_byline_cont_pop_book_1
Google scholar: https://scholar.google.co.uk/citations?hl=en&view_op=list_works&gmla=AJsN-F4olJCJHK40l0_0fVpJFgPP2JYynLUs5cpCsX0ADVj9y4VIo99TJ598Hr0_ItDJucJJGG4Tlxw9nr0zvdBMl8ow3iI3rA&user=eChselQAAAAJ
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/chemistry-of-life-and-death-with-nick-lane
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YolIkk_oJdI
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0rgEE8ZHA8wOMFcDm9k00X?si=Efq33fLXRs66vb5d6KlPVw
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/chemistry-of-life-and-death-with-nick-lane/48ce9fbe-5e92-43cd-a97a-4d6b846a7888
Google podcast: https://podcastsmanager.google.com/episode?show=show%3AktGOqSvOM5S386E5jDIB0g&episode=aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3BsYXkvNTgwNDQxMTUvaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZkM2N0eGxxMWt0dzJubC5jbG91ZGZyb250Lm5ldCUyRnN0YWdpbmclMkYyMDIyLTgtMjQlMkZlODhmZjcyMC01MWJkLTE2ZWYtYzg5Mi0xMTg3MGM2N2EwZGMubXAz&daterange=LAST_28D&hl=en
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:50 Is 'What is life?' a right question?
00:05:10 Information view of life
00:08:02 Importance of metabolism for origin of life
00:14:27 Gases giving rise to life stuff
00:24:06 Why life doesn't form in a cola bottle?
00:25:20 Oxygen based life
00:31:06 Eukaryogenesis
00:41:07 Respiration in bacteria and mitochondria
00:44:29 Electrical potential on membranes
00:52:24 Membrane inheritance
00:58:04 Krebs cycle and reverse Krebs cycle
01:06:54 Recycling of mitochondria for health
01:15:24 Answering important questions in science
01:18:19 Biology of fields
01:32:11 Reductionism in science
01:35:33 How anesthetics affect bacterial or mitochondrial membranes?
01:45:43 Quantum biology
01:59:05 Lee Cronin's idea of synthetic life
02:01:35 Lee Cronin and Sara Walker's assembly theory
02:05:39 Can we simplify present biochemistry?
02:17:53 Thank you!
reasonwithscience #biology #biochemistry
This episode is with Paul Zachary (PZ) Myers. He is an associate professor of biology at the University of Minnesota where he works in the field of developmental biology. He is also a founder and author of Pharyngula science blog.
Here we talk about science based atheism, evolution of religion, god of gaps argument, origin and evolution of life, human values in the society, free speech and future of humanity.
Guest info:
Blog website: https://freethoughtblogs.com/pharyngula/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/pzmyers
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/c/PZMyersBiology
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/scienceevolution-and-atheism-with-pz-myers
Youtube: https://youtu.be/SxyTgw8lYuI
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/0TTztvoHbH7c8xI4b9UbAI?si=wuO3j2nrT1eRifB7dkwaIg
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/science-evolution-and-athiesm-with-pz-myers/62fb9808-521f-43d8-8afd-7dc03300fc6a
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw/episode/MjJmZjJjZWEtZTIyNS00NzEzLWI4ZDMtMmMyMjI2NDAwYWY1?sa=X&ved=0CAUQkfYCahcKEwj41_fakZz6AhUAAAAAHQAAAAAQLA
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:08 How did your scientific career started?
00:03:24 PZ's view on atheism 00:05:53 Science based atheism
00:08:29 Why we need to leave religion or God to become a scientist?
0:10:36 Preconceived biases because of faith
00:11:26 There's no clear definition of God
00:13:00 God of gaps argument
00:16:38 Can we bridge the gaps with science?
00:19:12 Transition of chemistry to biology (origin of life)
00:24:46 Evolution of life on the planet
00:29:06 Multicellularity and Sexual reproduction
00:34:59 Variation for natural selection
00:40:53 Role of chance in biology
00:44:45 Evolution-Development (Evo-Devo) biology
00:52:42 Hox genes
00:56:18 Evolutionary theory is most opposed theory!
00:59:07 Evolution of religion
01:01:58 Nature-nurture
01:04:38 Free will
01:07:28 Consciousness
01:12:58 Teleology (Purpose) in science
01:19:24 Religion in artificial intelligence
01:26:48 Morality and atheism
01:38:38 Meaning and purpose of life
01:41:31 Spirituality
01:46:07 Education and a dialogue
01:49:30 Thank you!
This is second episode with Donald Hoffman. Donald is a Professor Emeritus of Cognitive Sciences at the University of California, Irvine. He is an author of three books, including The Case Against Reality: Why Evolution Hid the Truth from Our Eyes. Here we talk about what is mathematics?, Interface theory of perception, fundamental nature of consciousness, origin of life, spiritual experiences and meaning of death.
Link for the first episode: https://youtu.be/pPJZm_-OKQ8).
Guest info:
Website: http://www.cogsci.uci.edu/~ddhoff/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/donalddhoffman
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/-/e/B001HPIWAW
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/nature-of-reality-with-bernardo-kastrup/reality-is-an-illusion-with-donald-hoffman
Youtube: https://youtu.be/5zHdq_ba2W8
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/06YcGkK0C6wcFdSzu3E9Za?si=TyTDzaOkSUOiVW4jfP-ViA
Apple podcast:
Google podcast:
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:51 Interface theory of perception
00:09:12 Reductionist approach in science
00:13:52 What is mathematics?
00:22:12 Emergence of mathematics
00:25:28 Conscious agents and complexity
00:32:52 Modern science on consciousness
00:39:07 Experiments to study structures beyond space-time
00:57:19 Complexity from conscious agents
01:03:03 Is there an objective reality?
01:09:19 Limited semantics to explain reality beyond space-time
01:15:34 Intelligence and consciousness
01:17:39 Perception of a self
01:24:30 Is consciousness a gradient or discrete?
01:27:14 Understanding universal consciousness
01:38:38 Meditation, psychedelics and spiritual experiences
01:40:40 Bernardo Kastrup's analytical idealism
01:43:37 Fundamental consciousness is scientific or philosophical problem
01:47:26 Can we go beyond our interface to see reality?
01:49:44 Importance of silence in life
01:55:16 Worldview of consciousness as fundamental
02:03:50 Thank you!
Other conversations and talks:
1) Do we see reality as it is? @TED
2) Donald Hoffman on Ultimate Reality @Closer To Truth
3) The Case Against Reality @Skeptic
4) The Death of SpaceTime & Birth of Conscious Agents @Science and Nonduality
5) Donald Hoffman Λ Joscha Bach on Consciousness, Free Will, and Gödel [Theolocution] @Theories of Everything with Curt Jaimungal
6) The Case Against Reality @The Institute of Art and Ideas 7) Lex Fridman @Lex Fridman (https://youtu.be/reYdQYZ9Rj4)
reasonwithscience #consciousness #donaldhoffman
This is a conversation with Konstantin Batygin. He is a planetary science professor at Caltech known for his work on planet 9. He is also a part of a rock band "The seventh season". In this conversation we talk about how do new solar systems form?, what is a planet?, Planet 9, Kuiper belt, and the Edge of our solar system.
More about Konstantin's work: https://www.konstantinbatygin.com/
Follow him in Twitter: https://twitter.com/kbatygin
His music and band: https://theseventhseason.band/home
Time stamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:51 Science and music
00:04:37 How our solar system formed?
00:10:33 How different planets form?
00:13:13 Solar system as a disc
00:14:34 Rocky and gas planets
00:18:39 What sort of planets form first?
00:21:36 Orbits of the planets during the formation of a solar system
00:25:45 What is a planet?
00:28:41 Major contribution of planets in the stability of a solar system
00:30:52 Gravitational Pull 00:33:47 Why there's Planet 9?
00:36:27 History of Planet 9!
00:42:11 Why don't we have the evidence for planet 9 yet?
00:45:01 Tools to study unexplored part of solar system
00:47:44 Kuiper belt
00:48:08 What kind of planet is planet 9?
00:49:19 Orbit of Planet 9
00:51:07 Can planet 9 be a black hole?
00:53:40 What is the edge of our solar system?
00:55:36 Oumuamua
01:00:00 Concluding and thanks!
This episode is with Bernardo Kastrup.Bernardo is an author, philosopher, and director of the Essentia Foundation. He has a Ph.D. in philosophy and another Ph.D. in computer engineering specializing in artificial intelligence. As a scientist, Bernardo has worked for the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) and the Philips Research Laboratories (where the 'Casimir Effect' of Quantum Field Theory was discovered).In this conversation we talk about drawbacks of materialism, what is consciousness?, nature of reality, panpsychism, analytical idealism, free will, what is time?, meaning of life and death.
Guest info:
Website: https://www.bernardokastrup.com/
Twitter: https://twitter.com/BernardoKastrup
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/BernardoKastrup/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCeDZCa3VrRQvzBlVR-oVVmA
Amazon: https://www.amazon.com/Bernardo-Kastrup/e/B004OFGCA4/
Episode links:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/nature-of-reality-with-bernardo-kastrup
Youtube: https://youtu.be/hP8zqrVndfQ
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/episode/67MtexvfkKy95rZv5ylZ2F?si=rJWth3e0R8mY7CkwMubSmQ
Apple podcast: https://podcastsconnect.apple.com/my-podcasts/show/reason-with-science/407cd478-4271-4319-8318-fc378d4e7ccb/episode/nature-of-reality-with-bernardo-kastrup/f99141b8-28a8-415e-b47c-a379664d3e66
Google podcast: https://podcastsmanager.google.com/episode?show=show%3AktGOqSvOM5S386E5jDIB0g&episode=aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3BsYXkvNTcwMzY4NDUvaHR0cHMlM0ElMkYlMkZkM2N0eGxxMWt0dzJubC5jbG91ZGZyb250Lm5ldCUyRnN0YWdpbmclMkYyMDIyLTgtMyUyRjcwZjY0ZTJmLWJjYzQtOGUzMi1lMjc1LTMyMWM0ZDNiYzdkNi5tcDM&daterange=LAST_28D&hl=en
Follow Reason with Science:
Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/
Youtube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/reasonwithscience
Spotify: https://open.spotify.com/show/5qFLGsPWjL4GAGidmF2nKh
Apple podcast: https://podcasts.apple.com/us/podcast/reason-with-science/id1641776894
Google podcast: https://podcasts.google.com/feed/aHR0cHM6Ly9hbmNob3IuZm0vcy9iMjMyNDZlOC9wb2RjYXN0L3Jzcw
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:02 Most difficult questions about the cosmos
00:02:54 Science and materialism
00:05:27 Limitations of minds
00:07:36 How well science describes the nature of reality?
00:11:43 Is consciousness an illusion?
00:16:39 Issues with materialism
00:25:24 Origin of life
00:27:56 Science of complexity
00:33:54 How to refute emergence of consciousness?
00:42:19 Psychedelic experiences
00:48:19 Consciousness under analytical idealism
00:50:33 Idealism and trans-personal experiences
00:57:16 Origin of consciousness
01:00:38 What is wetness of the water?
01:05:36 Panpsychism and Solipsism
01:17:58 Consciousness in other species
01:24:31 Will artificial life be conscious?
01:29:10 What is death?
01:33:02 Idealism for meaning of life
01:39:46 What is time?
01:48:11 Western mind
01:53:44 Science of consciousness under idealism
02:24:14 Thank you!
This is a conversation with a theoretical physicist Avi Loeb. He is a Professor of Science at Harvard University and a bestselling author of the book "Extraterrestrial: the first sign of an intelligent life beyond earth" In this conversation we talk about are we alone in the universe?, first interstellar object named Oumuamua, how we can detect alien intelligent life and the Galileo project.
More about Avi's work: https://lweb.cfa.harvard.edu/~loeb/
Buy Avi's book:
https://www.amazon.com/Extraterrestrial-First-Intelligent-Beyond-Earth-ebook/dp/B081TTY4NX
Timeline of the session:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:22 Journey to become a professor at Harvard university
00:07:15 Drake's equation and number of intelligent civilizations in the Universe
00:13:36 Oumuamua 00:17:55 Oumuamua like objects
00:18:55 Oumuamua product of another intelligent civilization
00:24:40 Nature of Oumuamua
00:31:26 The Galileo project
00:37:38 Size of the extraterrestrial objects and our telescopes
00:42:02 Are we ready to meet an alien intelligent civilization?
00:50:56 Scientific method
00:58:29 Are there any good/bad questions in science?
01:02:20 Wars and progress of humanity!
01:04:45 Impact of realizing that we are not alone!
01:05:45 Probability of humanity getting extinct!
01:07:49 Space exploration
01:10:11 Purpose of humanity
01:12:36 Future of astrophysics and humanity
01:14:23 Thank you!
Other conversations and talks:
1) Intelligent Life Beyond Earth @Commonwealth Club of California
2) Was Earth visited by intelligent life? @KTLA 5
3) Aliens, Black Holes, and the Mystery of the Oumuamua @Lex Fridman
4) How the Scientific Community Isn't Open Minded @PowerfulJRE
5) Avi Loeb on evidence of close extraterrestrial encounters @CBS Mornings
6) Extraterrestrial Life ( https://youtu.be/uFrBcy0P6iM) @Museum of Science, Boston
reasonwithscience #aliens #aviloeb
This is a conversation with Carole Hooven. She teaches in and co-directs the undergraduate program in the Department of Human Evolutionary Biology at Harvard University. She is also an author of a great book "T: The story of testosterone". Here we talk about what is testosterone?, Evolution of testosterone, how it affects the behavior and shapes the society?
More about Carole's work: http://www.carolehooven.com/
Follow Carole on twitter: https://twitter.com/hoovlet
Episode links:
1) Website: https://www.reasonwithscience.com/home/science-of-testosterone-with-carole-hooven
2) Youtube: https://youtu.be/mYqz5OYMvRI
Timeline of the session:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:01:18 Carole's work area
00:03:36 Motivation to write a book on Testosterone
00:07:46 What is testosterone?
00:19:08 Testosterone levels
00:20:30 How do we define a male or a female?
00:27:56 Effects of Testosterone
00:36:04 Red deer and Testosterone levels
00:42:21 Effects of testosterone in other apes
00:47:15 Correlation between hierarchies and T-levels
00:48:29 Testosterone levels during lifetime
00:49:39 CAH (Congenital Androgen Hyperplasia) and CAIS (Congenital Androgen Insensitive Syndrome)
00:58:56 T-levels during the process of sex-change
01:03:29 Testosterone and homosexuality
01:07:08 Deterministic view of Testosterone
01:09:49 Meditation and testosterone
01:14:21 Testosterone and the society
01:21:06 Thank you!
Follow for more!
This episode is with Martin Rees. Prof. Rees is a cosmologist and astrophysicist at Cambridge University and co-founder of the Centre for the Study of Existential Risk. He was President of the Royal Society. His latest book is 'On the future: Prospects for humanity'. In this conversation we talk about the evidence for big bang, aliens, threats to humanity, space travel and how to envision the future of humanity?
More about Martin's work: https://www.martinrees.uk/
Follow Martin on twitter: https://twitter.com/LordMartinRees
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:55 Progress of humanity so far!
00:01:53 Contribution of science and technology to the future of humanity
00:04:40 What is science and technology?
00:06:16 Debates on science and religion
00:07:20 Copernican revolution
00:08:55 Our place in the universe
00:12:26 How complexity arises from matter?
00:13:23 Is everything deterministic?
00:14:28 Predicting effectively
00:15:46 How will we go extinct?
00:18:09 Issues with globalization
00:20:03 Why can't we resolve the issues of climate change?
00:22:50 Should we be alarmed about genetic engineering?
00:27:21 Artificial intelligence and it's future impacts
00:29:29 Silicon-based future of humanity
00:31:26 Humanity beyond earth
00:33:25 Humans exploring the universe
00:37:13 Space exploration advantages
00:39:30 Other species for humans survival
00:41:25 Message to humanity
00:44:22 Thank you!
This episode is with Frans De Waal. He is a professor in Emory University's psychology department and the Director of the Living Links Center at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center. He is the author of several popular books like 'Chimpanzee politics', The age of empathy' and 'The bonobo and the atheist'. His latest book is 'Different: gender through the eyes of a primatologist'.
In this conversation we talk about evolution of sex and gender in humans, primates, and mammals.
More about Frans's work: https://www.emory.edu/LIVING_LINKS/people/dewaal.shtml
List of his books: https://www.amazon.com/Frans-De-Waal/e/B000APOHE0/ref=aufs_dp_mata_dsk
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:54 Primatologist's take on gender
00:06:54 Biases in human cultures
00:08:15 Sex and gender in the society
00:10:58 Difference between sex and gender
00:15:11 Toxic masculinity
00:16:48 Do sapiens have male dominated societies?
00:20:20 Power struggles in the societies
00:21:39 Violence in the societies
00:23:47 Violence in the bonobos
00:25:10 Can we decrease the violence?
00:28:19 Can nurture control nature?
00:28:50 Rapes in primates
00:31:15 Friendship, cooperation and peacemaking
00:35:39 Monogamy in primates
00:37:06 Same-sex sex
00:39:31 Transgenders
00:45:23 Maternal instincts and xenophobia
00:52:37 How far nurture can change nature?
01:00:07 Thank you!
This is a conversation with Dr. Robert Lustig. Dr. Lustig is a neuroendocrinologist with expertise in metabolism, obesity, and nutrition. He’s the Emeritus Professor of Pediatrics in the Division of Endocrinology at UCSF. His latest book is Metabolical: The Lure and the Lies of Processed Food, Nutrition, and Modern Medicine. In this conversation we talk about role of processed food in the chronic diseases, Focus of modern medicine, what is the best diet?, science of sugar and importance of nutrition.
Find our more about Dr. Lustig's work: https://robertlustig.com/
Check out his books: https://robertlustig.com/books/
Timestamps:
00:00:00 Introduction
00:02:14 What does healthy mean?
00:08:06 Prevention is better than cure!
00:09:16 Focus of present medicine
00:13:04 Metabolic syndrome
00:16:56 A calorie is calorie!
00:23:51 Protect the liver and feed the gut!
00:25:31 Importance of fiber in diet!
00:28:38 Role of exercise for health
00:30:42 Changing the society for good health
00:33:00 Role of genetics and metabolic syndrome
00:37:31 What is a good diet?
00:41:32 Intermittent fasting
00:43:25 Sugar in processed food
00:45:35 Real foods
00:48:23 Public education about nutrition
00:57:46 Eating desserts
01:01:18 Thank you!