The Crux of Investing & Finance: Recent Episodes

Investonomics

Ever wondered how you can learn more about Finance? Investonomics was created so you can get the most out of your day. Episodes are short and sweet to keep you interested, and offer master's level financial knowledge. This way, you'll be sure to learn about finance, economics, investing and trading 5-8 minutes at a time. For a visual attack on your financial skills, check out our YouTube channel: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClWzK4ZfMIzPVCVAJePDlHQ

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Welcome back for part two! In this episode Derek and I continue our tantalizing conversation about his experience with frugality, some of his top tips to save money, and some crazy numbers he throws around. Hope you enjoy it as much as I did!

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Welcome back! I had the opportunity to interview a close friend of mine who has been crushing the frugality game - something I've become increasingly interested in. He managed to save over $50,000 in just 3 years earning no more than $60,000 per year. His story inspired me and I hope it can do the same for you!

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Tracking habits and performance is something that has been underrated since the dawn of time. Want to see improvement? Make it visual so it's clear WHERE you need to improve. James Clear does an amazing job in both his articles and in his book 'Atomic Habits' explaining the concept of 'habit tracking' that serves to promote and gameify your habits to increase your odds of sticking to them a hundredfold. I take this idea a step further and apply it to areas of your life where it really moves the needle. Listen now and let's have a conversation to deliver success to the corner you're hanging out in. Until next week...Jay

Spreadsheet to track your habits: https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1MCYqBFCblN_Be8-znKfUwfwonFlrGWFCsH8PatxuvCA/edit#gid=0

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Are you bored on a regular basis? If not you SHOULD BE! This week, let me have a quick chat with you about boredom and how it has single-handedly changed how I create content and practice patience in my life. Boredom is often seen as a curse rather than a blessing, but by harnessing its power you can really make an impact in your own life. Listen now and I'll see you there. Until next week...Jay

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Welcome back! Another week means another episode and an opportunity to learn and become a better version of yourself. This week, we tackle the most uncomfortable aspect of procrastination and time management: motivation. Its conflicting existence as a means to complete our work has been studied by academics who have come to realize that motivation is a feeling rather than a way to get something done. Listen now to learn about what to use instead and in addition to four actionable ways to increase your discipline and finally prioritize correctly! Until next week...Jay

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Welcome back to The Capital Corner all you finance junkies!

Glad to have you here, and while I do have you, check out this episode that's sure to change your perspective on both spending and investing. We dive into the most common problem we all face: How much should you spend and how much to invest? This crippling question is addressed in all its glory in this week's episode, and I provide a unique approach you won't hear anywhere else. I guarantee you it will make you both happier and might even increase your earning potential! Until next week...Jay

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What's up financial freedomers! Welcome to another fantastic Tuesday where we dive deeper into your finances to get you to where you want to be - financial freedom!

This week's episode touches on the idea that we don't need money to be richer and we can instead re-create wealth by re-prioritizing our life and using the notion of 're-bucketing' using our monthly budget.

If you use the tips in this episode alongside those from last week's I guarantee your life will become much more enjoyable and less stressful. Until next week...Jay

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Welcome to financial freedom brought to you by The Capital Corner. This week, let me tell you about the traditional budget, why it's dead, and a much more proactive way to save and spend your money. This episode is all about thinking smarter and not harder and making your personal finances just that much easier. Until next week...Jay

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The Capital Corner welcomes you to another episode on this lovely Tuesday! I hope you're all enjoying August so far, and to kick it off let's talk about hard and soft inquiries.

Does it affect your credit score? What is considered a hard or soft inquiry? Which is worse for your credit score? All of these questions and then some are covered in this week's episode, designed to bring you actionable knowledge and get you out of that dark corner sheltered from the financial secrets and on your journey to financial freedom.

Hope you enjoy it! Until next week...Jay

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This is the episode you've been looking for. You feel that you need that extra boost to start building passive income but aren't sure it's possible while also earning an active income at your day job.

I'm here to tell you HELL yes it is and it's more about starting than it is about devoting your entire week to it at first. After listening to this episode, you should be well on your way to earning passive income and even closer to financial freedom. Until next time...Jay

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Hey there! Wanting to learn more about financial independence? This episode breaks down the definition of FI and why it's so difficult to quantify and the various ways we can consider ourselves financially independent. Is it worthwhile to even use this to measure our financial health? Find out by listening now! Until next week...Jay

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Feeling like you're always in motion and being productive by doing 1,000 things at once and creating busywork for yourself? That's motion, but what we want to strive for it taking action! Action is the point we reach when we finally muster the courage to take our ideas from our time in motion and apply it to the real world. Without action, we wouldn't get anywhere and today my goal is to enlighten you to take action! Until next week...Jay

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Welcome back! Have you noticed you're becoming more and more focused on saving money instead of making more of it? It seems harmless and easy to do but in fact it can be the very thing that holds us back from greatness. In this episode, we explore the idea of stepping out of our comfort zones to achieve something better for ourselves, starting with a personal anecdote from my life recently. Enjoy and I'll see you next time...Jay

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In this episode we tackle the question we've all dealt with at some point: should we pay down our debt or put it in the stock market to grow and invest it? The mission today is to persuade you to do what's best in your situations by giving you three strong arguments for each and in different scenarios. I hope this makes life a little easier, I know we can all use that these days! Until next time...Jay

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Let's build financial freedom together!!

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Welcome to The Capital Corner! Let's get you to financial freedom. Today I'm sharing five incredible lessons I've learned over my lifetime regarding money and wealth. These are not something you can Google and have saved me the most time, effort, pain, suffering, and most importantly - money! Listen now to learn about these five pertinent lessons and I'm sure you'll walk away more financially literate and on your way to financial freedom. Until next time...Jay

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Welcome to the best place you can be in podcast land. This show is the only one you'll need to learn from experts, hear my thoughts and navigate the complexities of financial freedom alongside me. Join me and many others now and follow the show, I'd love to have you! 🙂

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Ever wonder when trading will become a thing of the past and artificial intelligence will take over? Those days are far off as it seems. Humans have emotions and logical reasoning that differentiate us from our code-derived competitors, which makes up one of the key reasons we do it better. But we still don't do it well. Listen now and find out exactly why AI can't beat the market in its current form. Until next week...Jay

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Commercial mortgages are facing one of the biggest problems in their history - that of refinancing in this economic environment. Not just some mortgages either, but rather $1.3 TRILLION worth of commercial mortgages securitized in Commercial Mortgage-Backed Securities are up for refinancing before 2025 and it's not a pretty picture. Listen now and learn what industry experts, lenders and borrowers are doing to battle inflated interest rates and the lack of return to office protocols!

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What's up finance experts?! Looking to buy a home in these tumultuous times? You might find yourself discouraged and maybe even stressed seeing the constant swings in prices, interest rates, and optimism regarding the housing market. This can be a serious deterrent from buying your first home.

This episode lays out the fundamentals of the new First Home Savings Account (FHSA) in Canada and how to utilize it alongside other incentives to get the best bang for your buck, pay fewer taxes, and get you into your first home sooner (assuming you've run the numbers and it isn't worse than renting of course!) Hope you enjoy this one, until next week...Jay

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Need some investing motivation or lack the key insights to stay on your path and not sell? Listen to this episode and I will change your entire investing trajectory in ten minutes. It's not about timing the market, it's about getting in and never looking back. Listen to what I tell you in this episode, you'll thank me later. Until next week...Jay

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Tired of hearing what's bringing down your credit score? Everyone is focused on the negatives with credit scores, right? Well, not today. In this topic Tuesday episode, we explore the breakdown of a credit score into its core components and then get some expert advice from Jim Droske on how to maximize your credit score followed by some of my own proven tips. There is tons of value for maximizing your credit score in this episode so prepare to become a financial expert in no time! Until next week...Jay

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Welcome back to our 51st Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode! Getting a mortgage is a tough process, but even more so if you have bad credit or no credit history at all. Your credit score seems to be the most important single number that describes you as a person to lenders, but why do we even need them? In this episode you'll learn how a credit score is calculated, what goes into a credit score, and most importantly some tips and tricks on how to obtain a mortgage without a credit score at all without sacrificing your interest rate. Hope this helps all of you new homebuyers out there, and if it does or you'd like to see more content, follow our show! Until next time my friends...Jay

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What's up, finance experts? This is our 50th Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode already! Crazy right? As a special thanks to everyone who's tuned in over the last year and a half, today's episode will teach you how to save money using our best friend, taxes. Instead of handing over half of your hard-earned income to Uncle Sam, keep some in your business by using tax deductions for expenses. This episode explores what tax deductions are, how you can use them effectively, the different kinds, and of course what expenses are eligible. After listening you'll have a clear understanding of where to start looking to reduce your taxable income and realize business growth in the process. Thanks for listening and until the next one...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance podcast!

Are you tired of paying an arm and a leg in mortgage interest? Look no further! In this video, we'll decode the mystery of mortgage interest and give you 5 clever tips to save big on your next mortgage.

First, we'll start with the basics. What is mortgage interest, and how does it work? We'll break down the concepts in simple terms, so you can understand how much of your monthly payment is going towards interest.

Now for the good stuff! We'll reveal 5 sneaky ways to reduce the amount of interest you pay on your mortgage. From negotiating with your lender to making extra payments, we've got you covered. These tips will not only save you money but also help you pay off your mortgage faster.

So, whether you're a first-time homebuyer or a seasoned homeowner, this video is a must-watch. Say goodbye to high mortgage interest rates and hello to financial freedom.

For the full video & audio experience: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClWzK4ZfMIzPVCVAJePDlHQ

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance and to our 49th Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode! This week is a unique one - we take a deeper look at homebuying for both personal and investment purposes. More specifically, we compare pre-construction condos to the resale market and determine which makes more sense based on your personal wants and needs. Listen now to learn which is right for you, which one is cheaper overall, and how to get into the real estate market as a first-time homebuyer! Until Sunday...Jay

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In this episode, we dive deep into the latest offering from Apple - the Apple Card savings account. Apple's foray into the world of banking has been highly anticipated, and with the introduction of this new savings account, they've upped the ante once again.

Join us as we discuss the features of the Apple Card savings account, including its competitive interest rates, lack of fees, and user-friendly interface. We'll also take a closer look at how the savings account integrates with the existing Apple Card, as well as other Apple services like Apple Pay and the Wallet app.

Whether you're an Apple fan or just curious about the latest developments in banking technology, you won't want to miss this episode. Tune in to learn all about the new Apple Card savings account and how it could change the way we think about saving and spending in the future. Until next time...Jay

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In this episode, we delve into the imminent collapse of the US dollar and how it could impact your finances. We cover valuable investment strategies to protect your assets, including diversifying your portfolio with commodities, real estate, and cryptocurrencies. Whether you're an experienced investor or just starting out, our practical advice can help you make informed decisions about your financial future. Don't wait until it's too late – learn how to safeguard yourself from the US dollar collapse by listening now. Discover the best investments to choose to protect yourself and stay ahead of economic uncertainty.

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Get ready to settle the debate on dollar-cost averaging! Is it better in the long run? Only for lum-sum investments? Only for younger people? In this episode, we'll be unpacking the truth behind this investment strategy, and exploring whether it's the key to financial success based on the advice from experts. Buckle up and join us for an exciting journey to financial independence! Until next time... Jay

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Are you looking to start your own business but unsure about the steps involved? In this week's ITT episode, we provide a comprehensive guide on how to set up and register your business, covering everything from choosing a business structure to setting up tax accounts. Tune in to learn how to build a strong foundation for your business's success. Our step-by-step instructions will give you the confidence to launch your own company. Don't miss this essential episode for any aspiring entrepreneur. Until next time...Jay

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Are you ready to change your understanding of economics and learn at the same time? In this week's episode, we'll show you how to spot a recession faster than Papa Powell can crank the money wheel. We'll cover 5 different recession indicators that'll make you feel like a Wall Street wizard. And who says learning about economics has to be boring? We'll sprinkle in some examples and charts to keep you entertained while you recession-proof your life. So grab your popcorn, sit back, and let's dive into the world of recessions! Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance and our 45th ITT episode! Today, we'll explore how psychology can help you save more money! Whether you're looking to build up your emergency fund or save for a big purchase, we've got tips and insights that will make the process easier and more effective. Join us as we uncover the secrets of how your brain works when it comes to money, and discover simple strategies that anyone can use to reach their financial goals. Until next time...Jay

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Get ready for an electrifying Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode! Today, we're diving into the world of investment accounts and comparing two popular options in Canada: the Tax-Free Savings Account (TFSA) and the Registered Retirement Savings Plan (RRSP). We know that navigating the world of finance can be daunting, especially when it comes to choosing the right investment account for your goals. But fear not, we've got you covered. In this episode, we'll break down the key differences between the TFSA and RRSP, and help you determine which account is the perfect fit for you. Are you someone who likes to have more control over your money? Or do you prefer the peace of mind that comes with long-term savings plans? We'll be discussing these questions to give you a comprehensive understanding of both accounts. So buckle up, grab your notepad, and get ready to embark on a journey of financial discovery. Join us as we explore the exciting world of investment accounts and help you take your first steps toward financial freedom. Until next time...Jay

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Welcome back! In this comprehensive video, we provide a step-by-step walkthrough of a Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) analysis for the popular technology company AMD (Advanced Micro Devices). Using the company's latest financial data we analyze AMD's cash flows, and growth prospects, and derive various metrics to arrive at a fair value estimate for the company's shares. This value is then compared with the current market price to determine whether the company is currently overvalued or undervalued which we covered last week! Whether you're an investor or just interested in learning more about DCF analysis, this video provides valuable insights into the fundamental analysis of a publicly-traded company. Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance and our 43rd ITT episode! This week, we analyze the full extent of the damage done by Silicon Valley Bank and the immense collapse that rippled the economy last week. The stock market has been turned upside down, depositors are unsure whether they will ever see their money again, and banks are facing tighter regulation. Learn all about it in this episode and what it means for you! Until next time...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance and our 42nd Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode! This week is all about learning. Real estate is an often over-hyped and not enough understood asset class that 'houses' many unique benefits. Today, we take a deep dive into some key aspects that you need to understand to become an effective investor in the space, including some tips and tricks, tax considerations, and unraveling real estate jargon to make you more effective in negotiating your first deal. I really hope this helps you out, and if so please don't forget to leave a 5-star rating as it really helps the show grow and reach more like-minded individuals such as yourself. Until next time my friend, Jay

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Welcome to the ultimate investing debate: Growth stocks vs. Value stocks! In this podast, we take a deep dive into the world of investing and explore the secrets of legendary investor Warren Buffett. He famously said, "It's far better to buy a wonderful company at a fair price than a fair company at a wonderful price." But what does that mean for us as investors? Join us as we explore the differences between growth and value stocks, and learn how to determine whether a stock is over or undervalued using various ratios. We promise to keep it fun, engaging, and informative so that you can make informed investment decisions and grow your portfolio. Don't miss out on this exciting journey into the world of investing!

PDF Notes of today's lecture: https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1JmZ39CLaSrygi-4-fssCEtv1KODUbWQC

DCF Excel Template: https://drive.google.com/drive/u/1/folders/1wIgnr7mXUVzYiyIOkZUS2hK4TWZN0wOQ

For the full video & audio experience: For the full video & audio experience: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClWzK4ZfMIzPVCVAJePDlHQ

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance and to our 41st ITT episode! Thanks for tuning in. This week's topic contrasts and compares Real Estate Investment Trusts (REITs) and physical real estate assets. These are two similar but also very different investments with unique advantages and risks. Should you buy REITs or real estate? What are the risks associated with REITs? What are the risks of real estate investing? Listen now to find out! Follow our show for great content like this for free every single week!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance and to our 40th ITT episode! This week's topic is saving more and earning more. Inflation has been eating most of us alive for the past few years and has had a significant impact on our bottom lines financially. This podcast aims to give you 4 tips to save more in your daily life, and to increase your income in order to overcome the effects of inflation. We really hope these tips are useful for you and allow you to take action! Until next time...Jay

Side hustle book: https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/33585396-side-hustle

For the full video & audio experience: For the full video & audio experience: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClWzK4ZfMIzPVCVAJePDlHQ

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! Index funds are a hot topic on the internet, and not without reason. They are powerful, diversified and offer low-fee structures to average investors. What's not to love? In this video, we explore some key aspects of how index funds are constructed, how they came to be so popular, and outline some key ideas as to why every millionaire has these powerhouses in their portfolio. Until Tuesday... Jay

For the full video & audio experience: For the full video & audio experience: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClWzK4ZfMIzPVCVAJePDlHQ

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week is a very important topic: Impulsive Spending. It gets all of us at one point. Impulsive spending can be an invisible money drain if you don't engage in budgeting and can be very difficult to control if left unchecked. What is impulsive spending? How can you stop impulsively spending? What causes it? How can you redirect your behaviors causing impulsive spending? What are some tips to curb impulsive spending? We cover answers to all of these questions in this week's helpful episode, we hope you enjoy it and learn something new! Until next time... Jay

For the full video & audio experience: For the full video & audio experience: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClWzK4ZfMIzPVCVAJePDlHQ

Exclusive early access to new content on our socials:

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's podcast is a really useful one. We tackle the world of credit cards and discuss some common questions such as: How do I reduce my debt? How can I minimize interest payments? What is an over-limit fee? What is a balance transfer? How can I use a balance transfer to reduce my interest? All of these will be laid out, along with various hacks and facts to really deepen your understanding of credit cards, and get you earning more! Until Tuesday...Jay

For the full video & audio experience: For the full video & audio experience: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClWzK4ZfMIzPVCVAJePDlHQ

Exclusive early access to new content on our socials:

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance and our 38th Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode. This week we have a fully loaded one. Are you currently trying to launch your business? Which business structure should you choose? What is a sole proprietorship? How do you incorporate your business? What is a partnership? What is a corporation? What are some of the tax advantages of incorporating? Why is there limited liability with some business structures but not others? We answer all of these frequently asked business structure questions today and give a deep overview of each kind of structure. Hope you enjoy this one, until Sunday... Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode is one of great value. It answers questions such as: How do I pay off debt more quickly? How can I reduce my interest payments? How can I optimize paying off debt so that it takes the least amount of time? How does interest affect my ability to pay back my debt? among others. We present five key ways to take charge of your debt and pay it down more quickly to become financially free in 2023. Thanks for listening, until next time...Jay

For the full video & audio experience: For the full video & audio experience: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClWzK4ZfMIzPVCVAJePDlHQ

Exclusive early access to new content on our socials:

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/investonomi...

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's episode is FANTASTIC! I had a lot of fun creating this one. We take some of the most commonly asked questions in Finance such as: What is diversification? How do you diversify within your portfolio? How do we use index funds? Should we use index funds or single-name stocks in our portfolio? How do we know a stock is overvalued? What about undervalued? We answer all of these and more using ChatGPT and verifying the accuracy of its statements in this episode, and even get it to choose some stocks for us and build us a portfolio. In the end, we have it build us a portfolio and we implement this using trading software. An update on the performance of this 'ChatGPT' portfolio will be posted next month! Thanks for listening...Jay

For the full video & audio experience: For the full video & audio experience: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClWzK4ZfMIzPVCVAJePDlHQ

Exclusive early access to new content on our socials:

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's show covers an exciting topic - investing using ETFs. Tailored towards beginners, this ITT episode serves to provide some background as to how ETFs came to exist in the finance world, how they can accent any portfolio, and some of their strengths and weaknesses. This is a jam-packed episode filled with great information to kick-start your on your investing journey! Until next time...Jay

For the full video & audio experience: For the full video & audio experience: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClWzK4ZfMIzPVCVAJePDlHQ

Exclusive early access to new content on our socials:

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/investonomi...

Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/investonomic...

Don’t forget to follow our show, leave a review and give us a 5-star rating!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance and our 35th Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode! This week we continue our discussion on the topic of inflation and this time we incorporate wages into the mix. How do wages affect inflation? How does inflation affect wages? How does this create an inflationary spiral? What is a wage-price spiral? What caused inflation during the pandemic? Was there a labor shortage that increased wages? All of these questions are fully answered and explained and you'll walk away knowing more about how the economy functions. Thanks for tuning in! Don't forget to leave your review and recommend this channel to a friend or family member. Until next time...Jay

For the full video & audio experience: For the full video & audio experience: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClWzK4ZfMIzPVCVAJePDlHQ

Exclusive early access to new content on our socials:

Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/investonomi...

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Don’t forget to follow our show, leave a review and give us a 5-star rating!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's video-based lecture covers LEAPS options. LEAPS are a fantastic way to leverage your equity investments for the long term by using leverage to free up more capital in your portfolio. We cover the benefits and risks of LEAPS, how they are used optimally, and how they work, along with some examples. Hope you enjoy this one, it's very informative and educational. Until Tuesday... Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we take a deeper look at exactly what inflation is, how it's measured, why higher levels of inflation and deflation can be detrimental to the economy, flaws with measures of inflation, and what causes it in the first place. This is a great one, hope you can learn something new and until next time...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we dive deep into the nitty gritty reasons why Tesla's value has declined so sharply this year. Is it just overvaluation? Are there more factors at play that you should know about? Listen now to find out! Until next time...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we are back with our bi-weekly videos. It's a good one - Proof of Reserves is changing the landscape of the digital asset space, one defi exchange at a time. It is a way for exchanges to prove to users that their funds are kept on hand and not invested or gambled like FTX had been doing with their customer funds. The use of audit through Merkle Trees is a start, but is it enough to eliminate the chance of fraudulent behavior that seems to be so inherent in crypto markets? Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode covers the huge news that payment giant Visa unveiled earlier this week. Their agenda involves carrying their auto-payment mechanisms and networks into the crypto space through the use of Ethereum's blockchain network using smart contracts within user accounts. Listen now to get the full rundown - this is a huge deal! Until next time...Jay

For the full article by Visa, follow this link: https://usa.visa.com/solutions/crypto/auto-payments-for-self-custodial-wallets.html

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Hey everyone welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance. This week's topic is a big one - SBF's arrest! The United States has finally pegged official charges on the CEO of the infamous crypto exchange FTX, one that collapsed and left millions with unbelievable losses. Check out this episode, it's short and sweet but covers just how (and why) SBF has been arrested and some of its implications. Until next week...Jay

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Hey listeners and welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's episode revolves around a concept that is paramount in the crypto space - transparency. After the collapse of more than four large exchanges in the space, it is time to dive deep to understand what transparency really means and how it can be properly utilized by exchanges. Check out this week's episode to learn all about it. Until next week... Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's topic is in regards to budgeting. An often-overlooked financial tool, budgeting is something that can benefit anybody at any stage of their life by making them more financially aware and responsible. It is something that does not have to be complicated and can simply include a few categories or simply read your bank statements every month and keep tabs on amounts. Listen now to learn how to budget efficiently. Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back! Pricing options using pricing models in finance is a very complex and niche skill. It requires many inputs and careful assumptions in order to be valid. Nonetheless, options pricing can allow any investor to develop an edge by knowing the theoretical true and fair value of any option contract so that we know when it is over or undervalued relative to the spot market. We cover five different pricing models in this week's video, none of which is perfect and all of which can provide important insights into the derivative markets. Hope you enjoy this one and until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's Topic Tuesday episode dives into the housing markets. Why is it so overpriced, what happens when high prices meet high interest rates, what it means for your mortgage, what to do about it, and how institutional firms are playing a role... learn it all in this week's short and sweet episode! Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this week's lecture, we focus our attention on a very powerful passive income strategy that is guaranteed to boost your portfolio in times like these. Utilizing the writing of options on 100 share lots of stock allows investors to buy in at great prices and profit from both premiums from the short options as well as the appreciation of the stock. Covered calls and cash-secured puts are implemented in this strategy to create a wheel-like cycle of passive income. Enjoy and until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week is a very interesting topic, we take a look at how Russia is being forced into a technical default through its inability to pay interest on foreign currency bonds! But the interesting part...they are fully willing and able to pay the coupons, it is just not permitted with the extent of sanctions on Russian financial institutions. Listen now to learn how this is possible! Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This is our first segment of our options series. We cover cash-secured puts in this week's lecture. They are an excellent way to purchase a stock or index for which you desire a lower buy-in price but also want a lower cost-basis overall. This strategy is for those looking for such a tool. Cash-secured put utilize writing options to collect an up-front premium and effectively reduce the cost basis of the stock position once assigned. It's quite magical! Listen now to learn all about it. Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's episode looks at the Biden administration's carbon tax holiday that was proposed and will be discussed in Biden's meeting with congress tomorrow. The plan would effectively cut out the federal carbon tax of 18.4 cents per gallon but would hinder road and highway projects as a result. Listen now to learn how this affects American gasoline consumers! Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's video wraps up our series on business valuation. We end with the concept of cost-based valuation, the last of the three types (with the other two being Market-Based and Income-Based valuation). Cost-based valuation is the least used of the three types but offers important insights for intangible assets that the other two do not incorporate. It is also often utilized as a valuation approach of last resort when other types of valuation modeling produce biased or inaccurate valuation results. Thanks for listening and until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! Bonds are one of the worst investments right now, and it's simply because they cannot keep up with current inflationary pressures. Although they offer a 'risk-free' investment for those nearing retirement, it is time to reconsider this and indulge in creating a well-diversified portfolio of stocks, crypto, real estate, and commodities to battle the inflation eating away at your savings. Thanks for listening and until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's lecture touches on the second of three methods for valuing businesses. Market-based valuation utilizes comparisons of similar companies to attribute a value to the business at hand and does not utilize cashflows as income-based valuation requires. This makes it somewhat easier to utilize, given there are companies similar to the one we would like to value. This type of valuation is very useful in determining whether the purchase of a big-ticket item in your personal life is worth what the seller is quoting, so use it wisely! Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's episode focuses on trading psychology and cites some wonderful sources to utilize to learn more. Fear and greed take over in high-stakes trading moments when we know our money is on the line. What can we do to minimize our involvement in terms of emotions and be as robotic as possible to maximize trading profits? It's all about your trading plan and automating trades. Listen now to learn more! Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance and our 23rd ITT episode! This week we continue with the same ideas from last week but turn to look under the hood at what's happening with inflation, unemployment, job markets, the economy, and asset markets overall as we near a mild recession. What lengths will the Fed go to in order to battle inflation? Listen now to find out. Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we are running through a full DCF valuation step-by-step to really drive the ideas associated with income-based valuation home. This video is a bit more visual (especially the Excel tutorial) so make sure to check it out on YouTube @Investonomics. After listening, you should be able to use the Excel sheet linked in our YouTube description to value a business yourself using financial data from a company's three financial statements. Thanks for listening, and until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's episode gets real with you and we discuss the realities of investing in bear markets. Emotions often get the best of us but we need to stay logical and look at it as if we are shopping on Black Friday! Listen to this off-script and real-talk podcast explaining the importance of not halting contributions to your portfolio during a bear market. Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's episode covers another income-based valuation approach that is central to the valuation of any business, project, or investment. Capitalization of Earnings and DCF valuation make up income-based valuation and both value a business based on metrics related to a company's income. Although they are similar, there are important differences so be sure you understand what they are. Listen now and learn all about it! Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's ITT episode continues with our discussion on UST's collapse and more specifically the regulatory implications this will have on stablecoins this year. Listen now to learn all about how far and wide this collapse rippled, and until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we are taking a look at the collapse of well-known stablecoin UST and its sister coin Luna, both of which took part in the largest and most intense downfall in crypto's history. The Terra ecosystem as it's called has lost investors over $15 billion in the past few weeks, bringing unwanted memories back from the 2008 financial crisis. This serves as a lesson for all crypto investors to be cautious and until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we take a look at a company that is not faring well in an environment where interest rate hikes are common and inflation is taking over. Upstart has lost over 90% of its share value since October, listen now to find out why! Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we are discussing the Canadian economy and discuss rising interest rates, what this means for inflated real estate, and how Canadian banks will fare if a recession ensues. Sit back, relax and enjoy this short and sweet episode that will give you a brief oversight of what is happening in Canada. Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we dive into valuation modeling and take a look at Discounted Cashflow models or DCFs. Commonly used in Investment Banking, this valuation method is useful for valuing companies, investments, and capital projects. It poses some questions as to its reliability since it requires an accurate forecast of future cash flows. Listen now to learn how to utilize this to your benefit. Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we discuss the horrible earnings report Netflix had that caused its stock price to plunge nearly 40% in one week. What caused this, what is the company doing to reverse it, and will it survive in the competitive space of online streaming? Listen now to find out. Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! We are diving deep into portfolio management with this week's topic. Portable Alpha is a strategy first founded by PIMCO in the 1980s and since then the strategy of separating alpha and beta of a portfolio to earn market returns while also actively trading to produce alpha has consistently outperformed the market! Sounds crazy, right? Listen now to learn all about it.

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's topic is hot news! The SEC just announced they are implementing a new rule on climate risk reporting for publicly traded companies. This means that climate risk and various environmental aspects of companies will no longer be private information and will be required to be shared with the public. Listen now and learn all about how this will affect investors! Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we continue our educational segment on short-selling where we complete your knowledge of how it works and how to use it best in your trading and investing. We cover some very frequently discussed metrics utilized in order to determine short-sale interest, and go through some worked examples of the uptick rule, a short sale including a stop loss and target, and how to hedge a short position and on the flip side use short positions to hedge your portfolio against market downturns. Enjoy this one, until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the podcast! This week's ITT episode discusses a recent Twitter conversation between Elon Musk and Michael Saylor, CEO of Microstrategy. They discuss tactics to battle inflation and their takes on cryptocurrency and offer some insights for good stock picks for growth as well as where to keep your money to avoid the trap of inflation. Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's lecture focuses on the often-neglected side of the market -- short selling. Although short positions carry risk, proper risk management and trade management can easily alleviate this risk and allow it to be used as an effective money-making tool. The most important aspect is its ability to make you money in any kind of market which can be very powerful. Hedging is another avenue through which short-selling can protect your portfolio and aid in yielding a larger profit in the long haul. Hope you can learn something new and until Tuesday... Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! Supply chains have been struggling to keep up with global demand since the early stages of the pandemic. Many shocks along the way have transformed the industry such that it was in the early stages of global recovery. Various events have recently caused both the shipping industry and supply chains for many goods to be much less effective and may even cause them to come to a halt, and no it isn't just the Russia-Ukraine conflict causing this! Listen now to hear all about it. Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's lecture elaborates on the idea of the long-term economic impacts that Russia's invasion of Ukraine will have on both countries and the global economy. We pull data and facts from the 1998 financial crisis in Russia and draw similarities between the two scenarios to entertain the idea of a second government debt default event occurring. Hope you enjoy it and until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we take a look at the Russia and Ukraine conflict under the microscope and try to determine what the longer-term impact will be on the global economy. Sanctions and other financial protective measures have been employed by the west to try and mitigate the severity of the war, but Russia among other countries will suffer greatly from these measures. Listen now to learn all about it. Until Sunday...Jay 

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's lecture is a special one and focuses on our 2022 post-covid holdings! Our focus is heavily on the side of index funds and diversification since it is one of the wonders of the world. Holding individual stocks in large proportions can be very dangerous and risky, whereas index funds allow us a way to utilize their built-in diversification and low fees. Listen now and hear what we are invested in and build your own portfolio to the best it can be by doing so. Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Cruz of Investing & Finance! This week we take a look at a current event that is tragic and horrifying, but we try to bring some light by explaining how cryptocurrency is being used to better the situation for Ukraine. Our thoughts and prayers go out to those affected, we should not be dealing with this in 2022. Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's lecture covers fractional reserve banking. It has been the default method for developed countries for central banking for over 300 years and there is a reason for this. The ability to have reserves put aside in order to mitigate the risk of bankruptcy of commercial banks or a liquidity squeeze when a bank run occurs is a major upside of this style of central banking. Listen now to learn all about it, until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's episode discusses the key differences between crypto coins and tokens, something that is often confused in the industry. Why can tokens be useful? Why are coins necessary? Are transaction costs a key part of the distinction? Listen now to find out! Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we are discussing compound interest. It is debatably the 8th wonder of the world and is single-handedly the reason millions of investors have retired rich and with enormous sums of money. Utilizing compound interest by buying and holding long-term while dollar-cost averaging by adding money often to your investments is the key to success. Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we are taking a look at the investing side. A lot of investors have joined the markets since 2020 with everyone staying home and being bored, but many lack the basic understanding to succeed in the markets. One of the key ways to do so is by understanding compound interest and the Rule of 72! By adding money to your investments monthly no matter what the market is doing and calculating when you can be financially free using the information from this week's episode, you can feel confident you can retire comfortably and maybe even earlier than you think! Until Sunday... Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we are discussing deflation, the much-less-talked-about smaller brother of inflation that plagues news outlets these days. Deflation is unique in that it actually benefits the economy if it is slow-growing and increases purchasing power of your dollars. It becomes dangerous when an economy is highly leveraged - meaning it has large amounts of debt - which can lead to a deflationary spiral that invokes a recession. Listen now to learn more, and until Tuesday... Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's Investonomics Topic Tuesday is a continuation of our discussion from Sunday on Quantitative Easing. We touch more closely and thoroughly on the covid-19 impact and how QE has played a role in inflationary pressures and how it will need to be reversed to stabilize the dollar. Hope you enjoy it and until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we take a closer look at quantitative easing, one of the many tools that a central bank can use to stimulate the economy and vary inflationary pressures. Listen to this episode to learn how it works, why and when it is effective and how it affects the equity and bond markets. Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we are discussing a very novel idea in the traditional finance world: A tradFi bank is issuing a stablecoin through a partnership with a large blockchain company. This is huge for the crypto world and is likely to change payments as we know them. Listen to learn more! Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we are discussing crypto staking, the newest version of the proof of work or mining model, called proof of stake. Essentially, this smarter system for 'mining' coins through collateralization of the user's coins allows for less energy expenditure compared to traditional mining, and improved efficiency and security as well. Learn how to increase your passive income by easily staking through your crypto brokerage account! Hope you enjoy this one, until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's ITT episode focuses on an important current event: the selling off of all major markets. Crypto, stocks, real estate, you name it, they are seeing the worst month since March 2020. Why is this happening? Are there root causes or is this just a pullback from the amazing times we have had in the past year and a half? Listen to this week's episode to find out. Until Sunday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we dive back into the options world and discuss our first options strategy to make some extra income on stocks you are already holding in your portfolio. Listen carefully, there's lots of details and don't forget to follow along with the YouTube video on the Investonomics YouTube channel. Until Tuesday... Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's Topic Tuesday focuses on a man who is actively changing the metaverse. Mark Lurie started out in venture capital and has since revamped the NFT space and is working to make decentralized exchanges (DEXs) accessible to all crypto traders by offering a very low fee exchange. He is the CEO of Shipyard Software that serves to create many DEXs to target various groups of investors and traders and change the crypto industry for the better! Hope you enjoy this one, until Sunday..Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week, we are discussing one of the hottest topics in Finance today and that is the Non-Fungible Token or NFT market. Notorious for housing digital value in a way that physical assets cannot compete with, NFTs offer a way to create authenticity and rarity in a digital world. Here you'll learn all you need to know including where and how to purchase them, the types that exist, and various extensions for what they can be used for in the future. Until Tuesday... Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance. This is our sixth ITT episode. Today we are discussing the outlook of crypto mining for 2022. 2021 was undoubtedly an incredible year for crypto but insane growth means there is a period of negative growth or stable prices right around the corner in the markets. 2022 will likely bring some of this more relaxed energy while welcoming miners to the industry with open arms facilitated by new regulation. Hope you can learn something new, until Saturday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's discussion is about stablecoins and more specifically, a stablecoin called Tether. We cover why they are such a big hit in the crypto markets these days, some pros and cons, various types of collateral they can utilize, and finally how they operate and why they may function well as a medium of exchange. We hope you can learn something new this week! Until Tuesday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this week's ITT we are discussing some myths or misconceptions from popular Economists and other famous figures in the financial world and their negative take on Bitcoin. We cover four of their claims and discuss why each is not true or why there is no evidence to support the claim. Hope you enjoy, until next time...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we take a look at how Bitcoin and cryptocurrency and blockchain technology is transforming money as we know it and digitizing all aspects that carry value in the economy. We take a look at some reasons why central banks house excessive power in the economy and how this has led to market crashes in the past, and how Bitcoin serves to fix these issues. Hope you enjoy it, until next time...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode dives into the notion of the United States bond markets and why their ever low yields are threatening the financial system. Learn what is causing this, what potential solutions are and learn how the system works in this week's short but informative episode. See you on Saturday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week is the last segment on option greeks and to finish it off we investigate vega and rho. These are important for changes in underlying volatility and interest rates respectively. Understanding how these work and how they interact with the other greeks is pertinent in becoming a better options trader. Until Tuesday... Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode focuses on study habits. We share some of our own experiences transitioning from high school to postsecondary and the shift that it was. These 5 study habit tips will change how you approach studying, and make you much more efficient in your schoolwork and learning more in a shorter period. Until Saturday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we are diving into what is causing the huge market sell-off over the past two weeks. It turns out a variety of factors are contributing to this, some of which you may not even have thought of. The crypto space has also seen a rapid decline, which has not yet made a recovery. We will also give some tips on how to best navigate this type of market and how to protect your investments! We hope you enjoy, until next time...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! For this week's Investonomics Topic Tuesday episode, we turn to a CEO making headlines in crypto news this week. Michael Saylor has become an influential advocate for Bitcoin in the past two years, learn why in today's episode and how his enormous stake in the cryptocurrency is a good indication of its future success. Until Saturday...Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we dive into the option greek letter of theta, which measures the rate at which time loses value each day with respect to an option contract. It is a part of the extrinsic value of an option, which means it is not derived from the moneyness of the option. Theta is important for traders and investors because it can be the difference between a profitable income strategy and losing money over time if you aren't aware of how this greek operates. Until next time...Jay

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Welcome back! This week we are introducing a new weekly series called Investonomics Topic Tuesdays! 

We will have our regular lectures on Saturdays but will be offering additional topics on Tuesdays to really deepen your understanding of Finance. Topics covered will include finance, economics, cryptocurrency, current events, trading and investing tips, study tips, and even guest speakers that have experience in the field of finance, real estate, investing, trading and entrepreneurship. 

I hope you guys enjoy this first episode and feel free to email us recommendations or questions at investonomicseducation@gmail.com. Also don't forget to check out our YouTube channel and Instagram / Facebook pages for exclusive early access to content. Until Saturday... Jay

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's topic dives deeper into the equity options world. They are complex derivatives with many moving parts so it takes time to fully understand how they operate. This week, we take a step in the direction of the greeks, which house some of the most crucial information regarding options contracts. After this discussion, you should have a solid idea of how delta and gamma can be useful to investors and traders and have an idea as to how they can be utilized in order to hedge the risk of an entire portfolio of options. Until next time... Jay.

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week we are discussing some equity options basics, part of a multiple-part series on options and how to trade them. Hope you can learn something new, don't forget to rate us!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance everyone! This week's topic is regarding financial accounting: how to analyze a balance sheet. They are one of three very important statements that help investors, traders, and other companies utilize to analyze the financial situation of an entity or company. They are commonly referred to in order to conduct fundamental analysis in order to make a sound investment decision. Knowing how to read and analyze a balance sheet will bring you one step further to becoming a knowledgeable investor. Until next time... Jay.

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This week's lesson is on elasticity as you've come to know it from your microeconomics courses. If you haven't taken a microeconomics course, this will also suit your knowledge. Elasticity is the key to determining price sensitivity and aids in determining the proper production level a corporation needs to have to maximize its profits. Until the next one... Jay.

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! We apologize for our absence the past few weeks but we are back and ready to drop some great content. This week's podcast features some key money-making skills that every aspiring (and seasoned) trader should know about. It is one of the keys to technical analysis. Support and resistance form the basis of everything traders do, so I hope you can take some valuable lessons home with you. Until the next one... Jay.

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this episode we will discuss the fundamentals of blockchain technologies, how cryptocurrency will re-invent currencies as we know it, and what you need to become a successful miner if you so desire. Mining farms are very competitive and may pose a threat; learn more by listening to this episode! 

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Welcome back to The Crux of Investing & Finance! In this episode we discuss EBITDA, some of its pros and cons, how it is calculated, how it compares to other measures of profitability, and finally how to best utilize it for investing. Thanks for listening!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this podcast we are going to examine the Chinese real-estate giant Evergrande and determine whether or not a financial market collapse is likely to occur. By looking at various fundamentals, market indicators and fear indices, we come t a conclusion whether we should be fearful in the markets.

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Welcome back to The Crux of Investing & Finance! In this episode we discuss some more Economics. We take a deeper look into the makeup of a monopolistic firm, and why exactly they are so profitable and successful in their respective industry. Stick around until the end for some examples of current-day anti-trust issues.

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this episode we will explore stock charts and help you to better understand the big mess you see when you open your broker's software. After this episode you should be able to navigate more easily as well understand some common financial terms. Knowing how to analyze and utilize such charts will jump-start your investing or trading journey!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this episode we will discuss some key elements in understanding cryptocurrency as a whole. This includes how it is a store of value and how various coins have altered currency as we know it by excluding agencies such as the government and central banks from interfering with its value. Furthermore, we discover why cryptocurrency in general is a worthwhile investment long-term and the pros and cons of this.

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this episode we cover the basics of bonds and you are going to learn the key mechanisms in how they function that make them excellent investment vehicles to reduce risk in any portfolio. I hope you can take something from this and apply it to your investing. See you next time.

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this episode we are going to dive one level deeper into the analysis of supply and demand. Specifically, substitute and complementary goods are factors affecting the demand side of the market. They play a key role in determining what creates a change in demand, and offers a deeper insight into how the market functions. 

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this episode we are going to cover the basics of candlesticks. They are the basic understanding in the market that allows you to become a more sophisticated and educated investor or trader and serves you with vital information about the security in which you are interested. See you in the next one!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance. In this podcast, we will investigate portfolio diversification in fine detail. After listening you should have a good idea as to which investment classes you should incorporate into your long-term investment portfolio, and how to build a portfolio that suits your style. The goal is to mitigate risk and while doing so maximize your returns. Thanks for listening!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this podcast we discuss the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) which is an extension of Harry Markowitz' portfolio theory. The model serves to determine the appropriate return for certain risk levels (or beta) as well as price securities with regard to them being over or undervalued in terms of their beta. Happy studying and I hope you can learn something new!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! This podcast will cover the basics of learning how to shift demand and supply curves properly and analyzing these shifts like an Economist. I hope you enjoy!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this podcast we dive into the history and mechanics of how stock exchanges came to be and function. You'll learn the requirements for companies to be listed and various benefits and drawbacks of having companies listed on such exchanges. See you next time!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this podcast we discuss modern portfolio theory as Harry Markowitz introduced it back in the 20th century. There are still some key elements we can use to understand diversification and to build an optimal portfolio that balances risk and return. Enjoy!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! Today we're discussing why Index Funds are a more fool-proof investment than mutual funds in most scenarios and how each of these instruments operates. I hope you are able to learn something and apply it to your own investing. See you on the next one!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! In this podcast we discuss the demand side of the market and some examples that will help to illustrate how it operates. Hopefully you can learn something for class or for your own knowledge. See you next time!

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Welcome back to the Crux of Investing & Finance! We are backdating to the first YouTube video regarding Supply and Demand. This podcast should help you to understand the basics of economic frameworks to learn the materials for your microeconomics class. Don't forget to rate us 5 stars and leave a review. Until next time!

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Thanks for joining me and a warm welcome to the Crux of Investing & Finance. For a better experience, the 'Investonomics' YouTube channel offers videos linked to podcast audio. This will help with both understanding and knowledge retention should you prefer to do so. Stay tuned for weekly podcasts!