AJR Podcast Series: Recent Episodes
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In this series, authors of select AJR articles discuss how their studies were performed, the results, and how the studies changed their practices.
Patient out-of-pocket costs can have implications for care access. Jabre Millon, MD, discusses the AJR article by Billig et al. comparing patient cost-sharing for advanced diagnostic imaging in Medicare Advantage plans between 2018 and 2026.
Full article: Patient Cost-Sharing for Advanced Diagnostic Imaging in Medicare Advantage Plans
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What is the current role of imaging in screening for fibrosis in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)? Gastrointestinal Imaging Senior Editor Federica Vernuccio, MD, PhD, speaks with Claude Sirlin, MD, about his team's review on evidence-based screening strategies, quantitative imaging techniques, and emerging developments shaping the future of fibrosis assessment in MASLD
Full article: Screening for Fibrosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: Evidence, Challenges, and the Role of Imaging—From the AJR Special Series on Screening
Key Takeaways * Patients with MASLD are at increased risk for cardiometabolic conditions: For most patients with MASLD, these conditions will have the most important impact on their health and well-being. * Patients with MASLD patients face severe complications: These patients need to be identified through screening for referral and individualized treatment. * Radiologists should understand their role is growing: As MASLD becomes more prevalent, radiologists will play an increasingly important role in interpretation, characterization, and management of this disease.
Chapters 00:00 - Welcome 00:46 - Why Fibrosis Matters 04:48 - Who to Screen 06:37 - Two Step Screening 09:07 - Choosing Imaging Tools 16:12 - Reporting and Cutoffs 19:18 - Future Innovations Ahead 22:35 - Key Takeaways 24:54 - Closing Thanks Follow AJR on Social Media LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/showcase/ajr-radiology/ YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCfFAYezkLMxJGMgIJLN0Dpg Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/ajr_radiology/ TikTok: https://www.tiktok.com/@ajr_radiology X: https://x.com/AJR_Radiology BlueSky: https://bsky.app/profile/ajrradiology.bsky.social Threads: https://www.threads.com/@ajr_radiology This section was generated using artificial intelligence (Descript) and then reviewed for accuracy.
Completing a fellowship was once not a question in radiology, but today's market has changed the hiring landscape. Bruce Distell, MD, a radiology department chair, speaks with cohosts Elizabeth Hecht, MD, and Winnie Hahn, MD, about why we do fellowships and if we need them today given market demands and looming future of artificial intelligence. Listen to their discussion in episode 2 of Mentorship Unfiltered, an AJR Podcast Series.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.26.35664
*Key Takeaways
The Value of Fellowship: An extra year of training provides protected time to develop deep clinical expertise and signals a commitment to continuous education, which remains highly attractive to large practices.
AI and the Future of Radiology: Despite trainee fears of artificial intelligence eliminating jobs, human oversight will remain essential. Highly specialized expertise secures the radiologist's role as the indispensable pilot of patient care.
Lifelong Learning vs. Formal Training: Dedicated fellowship training demonstrates a commitment to clinical expertise, empowering radiologists to lead rather than be replaced in an AI-driven field. However, straight-to-practice routes can also succeed through dedicated, lifelong education.
*Chapters
0:00 - Introduction
0:52 - The Existential Choice
1:52 - Pros and cons breakdown
3:20 - Hosts share their paths
4:49 - Meet Bruce Distell
11:04 - Endorsing Fellowships
12:29 - Inside a Modern Practice
16:28 - Training Beyond Fellowship
18:51 - AI and Future Expertise
21:46 - Speed vs Accuracy Debate
25:30 - Hiring What Matters Most
29:51 - Marketability and Mobility
36:38 - Private Equity Pressures
44:00 - Is Fellowship Worth It
47:51 - Advice for Those Considering Fellowship
49:37 - Final Takeaways
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*These sections were generated using artificial intelligence (Descript and Google Gemini) and then reviewed for accuracy.
Have you observed an asymmetric feeding artery on prostate MRI? Alan Gao, MD, discusses the study by Zeynep et al. exploring the finding's potential role in detecting clinically significant cancer.
Full article: Prostate Feeding Artery on MRI: Association With Clinically Significant Prostate Cancer
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What is new in BI-RADS v2025? Breast Imaging Senior Editor Wei Yang, MD, speaks with Paola Minichetti, MD, and Lorenzo Cereser, MD, regarding their team's article that provides a review of the new version, highlighting key implications for daily breast imaging practice.
*Key Moments
00:00 - Welcome and Introductions
01:08 - BI-RADS 2025 Evolution
02:56 - Harmonization and Context
06:06 - BI-RADS in the AI Era
08:23 - AI Examples and Data Quality
11:20 - Department Adoption Strategy
14:30 - What's Missing Next
15:20 - Future Risk Stratification
17:17 - Management and Interventions
20:22 - Final Takeaways and Thanks
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*The Key Moments section was generated using artificial intelligence (Google Gemini) and then reviewed for accuracy.
A good research idea is not always a good research question. Bruno Hochhegger, MD, PhD, speaks with host Amit Gupta, MD, about choosing research questions that are clinically relevant, feasible, and worth pursuing in real-world settings. Listen to their discussion in episode 1 of The Early Career Researcher's Playbook, an AJR Podcast Series.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.26.35586
*Key Takeaways
- Defining Clinical Relevance: A strong research question must answer a direct patient management issue, such as determining if a nodule is benign or malignant.
- The Feasibility and Sustainability Matrix: Moving from simple case reports to professional science requires navigating EMRs, securing IRB authorizations, and finding reliable grant funding.
- The AI Implementation Trap: While building artificial intelligence models on GitHub has become more accessible, adequately validating these tools for real-world clinical practice remains a massive, frequently underestimated hurdle.
- Multidisciplinary Research Networks: True feasibility requires nonmedical input; successful projects demand early feedback from IT departments, technologists, and referring surgeons to ensure workflows survive reality.
*Key Moments
00:00 Intro and Welcome
01:18 The Importance of Small Steps: Lessons from a Failed MRI Lung Cancer Screening Trial.
04:30 Defining Clinical Relevance and the Crucial Role of the Physician-Researcher.
07:47 Assessing Feasibility: Navigating EMRs, IRB Approvals, and Data Access.
08:45 Research Sustainability: Securing Grants and Transitioning from Voluntary to Professional Science.
10:50 The AI Feasibility Trap: Why Validating Models is Harder Than Coding on GitHub.
16:08 Identifying the Key Indication: Solving Direct Patient Management Questions.
21:51 Beyond Mentorship: Building a Network Across IT, Technologists, and Referring Clinicians.
28:51 Establishing Niche Expertise: Strategic Advice for Radiology Residents and Fellows
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*These portions of the page were generated using artificial intelligence (Google Gemini) and then reviewed for accuracy.
Full article: Attenuation- and Entropy-Based Habitat Imaging for High-Risk Features in Lung Adenocarcinoma Presenting as a Part-Solid Nodule on CT: A Multicenter Study
Can habitat imaging guide lung nodule evaluation? Osvaldo Berlina, MD, discusses this article by Li et al. that uses habitat imaging based on attenuation and entropy values to predict high-risk features in lung cancer presenting as a part-solid nodule.
Building a meaningful research career alongside a busy clinical schedule is no easy task. In this new AJR Podcast Series, Amit Gupta demystifies the process. Join us for monthly episodes featuring leading voices in radiology research, sharing wisdom on everything from selecting strong questions and navigating data ethics to establishing your unique research identity.
Can radiology procedures in human medicine be adapted for animal patients? Chris Thomson, DVM, DACVS-SA, ACVS Fellow-Surgical Oncology, speaks with co-hosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, about the rapidly evolving field of veterinary interventional radiology and contributions to medical research. Listen to their discussion in episode 1 of Extreme Radiology, an AJR Podcast Series.
Curious about the incredible reach of radiology and pioneering practices changing the game? Join co-hosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, from Stanford University, and Amy Maduram, MD, from Northwestern University. Through dynamic conversation, we explore the most unusual, groundbreaking, and radical applications of medical imaging. Listen to their discussion in Extreme Radiology, an AJR Podcast Series.
As radiologists, we work in dark rooms, but some shadows have nothing to do with the monitors. Cohosts Sherry S. Wang, MBBS, and Surbhi Raichandani, MD, illuminate bullying, gossip, and incivility in radiology and the small brave moves that build healthier cultures. Listen to their discussion in episode 1 of Difficult Conversations, an AJR Podcast Series.
Full article: Real-World Single-Reading Screening Mammography Performance When Using an FDA-Approved Artificial Intelligence Tool
Current literature on mammography artificial intelligence (AI) tools have limited generalizability across practice settings. Dora Chen, MD, discusses the article by Ambinder et al. exploring the performance of a screening mammography AI tool when applied in a single-reading U.S. center.
Radiologists are trained to catch every detail, yet as a profession, it's easy to overlook the human struggles happening right in the reading room. Join Surbhi Raichandani, MD and Sherry Wang, MBBS as they introduce a new AJR Podcast Series dedicated to discussions around bullying, power dynamics, financial pressures, and what it takes to survive in this field. There are no scripts and no safe answers, just real stories from the people who have lived them.
Behind every polished CV is a story rarely told aloud. We ask questions trainees and radiologists hesitate to voice—about doubt, ambition, balance, identity, and success—while exploring human interactions that shape careers, often recognized in hindsight. Former program director Glenn Gaviola, MD, speaks with cohosts Winnie Hahn, MD, and Elizabeth Hecht, MD, about feedback challenges and strategies. Listen to their discussion in episode 1 of Mentorship Unfiltered, an AJR Podcast Series.
Behind every polished CV is a story of detours, doubts, and the quiet pivots that change everything. Winnie Hahn, MD and Elizabeth Hecht, MD offer a sneak peek into their new AJR Podcast Series that steps away from the highlight reel to ask the questions medical professionals rarely say out loud. Whether you are dictating your first case, rethinking your career path, or reflecting on decades in the reading room, tune in for the practical wisdom and honest conversations that never make it into the lecture halls.
What is new in the imaging evaluation of mesenteric ischemia in 2026? Gastrointestinal Imaging Senior Editor Federica Venuccio MD, PhD, speaks with Maxime Ronot, MD, PhD, regarding his team's article that provides an update and practical guidance on this evolving topic.
Full article: Detection of Interstitial Lung Abnormalities on Chest Radiographs: Diagnostic Performance of Radiologists and Artificial Intelligence
Considerable research has shown the importance of interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs) on chest CT; the potential role of radiography for such findings remains uncertain. Radhika Rajeev, MD, discusses the AJR article by Hwang et al. evaluating the performance of radiologists and an artificial intelligence system for detecting ILAs on chest radiographs.
How does one innovate while still finding their footing as an attending? Shawn Lyo, MD, speaks with host Siddhant Dogra, MD, about building artificial intelligence-driven workflow tools, collaborating with industry, engaging in policy advocacy, and balancing early-career clinical growth with diverse nonclinical pursuits.
Children must feel seen, safe, and supported! Laura Gould, MS, CCLS, joins host, Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, to discuss the value of soft language, gentle validation, and impacts from giving children a voice in their own care. Discover how simple human connection transforms imaging suites into warm safe spaces for kids.
Have you heard about the Interventional Initiative? Isabel Newton, MD, PhD, joins cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, to discuss filmmaking lessons from her experience creating the award-winning docuseries "Without a Scalpel", global partnerships while filming in Tanzania, and fostering patient access for minimally invasive care options.
Full article: Leveraging Fine-Tuned Large Language Models for Interpretable Pancreatic Cystic Lesion Feature Extraction and Risk Categorization
Pancreatic cyst research is challenged by the need for large-scale extraction of cyst features from radiology reports. Antonin Andrea Blandino, MD, discusses the article by Rasromani et al. exploring the use of large language models for this purpose.
How do we teach effectively without sacrificing efficiency or burning out? Scott A Simpson, DO MSEd, speaks with host Surbhi Raichandani, MD, about radiology readout frameworks, formative feedback, workflow-conscious teaching, and preparing trainees for independent practice in modern radiology.
Full article: Human-in-the-Loop Large Language Model–Augmented Diagnostic Reasoning in Thoracic Imaging: Impact of Radiologic Expertise
Use of LLMs in the diagnostic reasoning process can either improve or hinder performance. Pranjal Rai, MD, discusses the AJR article by Song et al. exploring the association of reader expertise and reader performance when using LLMs as a diagnostic aid.
What does it take to shape radiology beyond the reading room? Richard Duszak, MD, speaks with host Siddhant Dogra, MD, about his journey from private practice to national leadership, founding a health policy institute, advancing academic radiology, and championing leadership development across the specialty.
Full article: Interreader Agreement for Individual Ancillary Features in LI-RADS CT/MRI Version 2018: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
LI-RADS CT/MRI ancillary features may vary in their ease of application. Jordon Kondo, MD, is joined by Luke Ginocchio, MD, to discuss the AJR article by Jung et al. exploring interreader agreement of LI-RADS ancillary features.
Augmenting anatomy with disease activity! Summit Shah, MD MPH, explains to host, Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, how visualizing disease activity through molecular imaging helps in solving diagnostic uncertainties. Explore how PET/MRI, brain mapping, targeted radiotracers, and theranostics are driving the shift towards personalized, precision medicine in pediatric patients.
Full article: Utilization of Pediatric Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound in the United States After FDA Approval: Insights From a Large Claims Database
Regulatory approval alone is insufficient to drive clinical adoption. Selima Siala, MD, is joined by Marcelo Takahashi, MD, to discuss the AJR article by Guarilha et al. that explores the trajectory of national utilization of contrast-enhanced ultrasound in children.
Full article: Artificial Intelligence–Assisted Lung Nodule Evaluation on Low-Dose Chest CT in Asymptomatic Individuals: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial
Pragmatic data obtained in clinical settings can add further insights into how AI shapes radiology practice. Hira Qureshi, MD, discusses the AJR article by Hwang et al. that reports a prospective randomized trial of the impact of AI for low-dose chest CT interpretation.
Mission control, we need a read! Michael Polen, MD, joins cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, to discuss his incredible journey into space medicine, including engagement with the team leading the first radiograph obtained in space, medical conditions occurring during weightlessness, and the commercial shift into space research.
What drives early-career momentum? Patricia Balthazar, MD, MPH, speaks with host Surbhi Raichandani, MD, about building an intentional academic career through informatics, quality improvement, time management, and strategic decision-making, offering practical insights for trainees and early-career radiologists.
Advanced endoscopic endonasal skull base surgeries have gained widespread clinical adoption. Neuroradiology Imaging Senior Editor Carlos Zamora MD, PhD, speaks with Shekar Khanpara, MD, and Kim Learned, MD, regarding their article addressing the role of imaging in guiding these procedures.
Full article: Catheter-Directed Sclerotherapy Versus Ovarian Cystectomy for Unilateral Ovarian Endometrioma: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial
Cystectomy as conventional treatment for ovarian endometrioma can lower ovarian reserve. Tobi Folami, MD, discusses the AJR article by Hwan et al. that presents a randomized controlled trial comparing cystectomy with catheter-directed sclerotherapy for treating unilateral endometriomas.
How can radiologists help shape digital health policy? Krishna Juluru, MD, speaks with host Siddhant Dogra, MD, about his career in informatics, the Presidential Innovation Fellows program, service at the FDA Digital Health Center of Excellence, and partnering across government, academia, and industry to advance safe, effective digital health innovation.
Full article: Late Gadolinium Enhancement on Cardiac MRI in Patients With Takotsubo Syndrome: Insights From the Multicenter EVOLUTION Registry
What is the significance of late gadolinium enhancement in patients with Takotsubo syndrome? Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, is joined by Scott Bugenhagen MD, PhD, to discuss the recent AJR article by Cau et al. addressing this issue using data from the multicenter EVOLUTION registry.
Roadmaps for pediatric artificial intelligence (AI)! Nabile Safdar, MD, and Alex Towbin, MD, speak with host, Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, about the sore spots, unsung wins, and potential targets of AI in children's healthcare while highlighting how the specialist's intuition remains the ultimate anchor for automated tools in radiology.
Do you have what it takes to become an impactful legal expert? Dolores Pretorius, MD and Matthew Mariani, JD joins cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, to discuss strategies to breaking down a legal case, experience during depositions, and what attorneys seek in an expert witness.
Full article: Predicting the Value of Radiology Artificial Intelligence Applications: Large-Scale Predeployment Evaluation of a Portfolio of Models
What strategies can radiology departments use to determine whether to invest in an AI model? Antonin Andrea Blandino, MD, discusses the article by Larson et al. on a method for the large-scale deployment evaluation of AI model portfolios.
What does it take to build a career that shapes practice? Aya Kamaya, MD, speaks with host Surbhi Raichandani, MD, about developing an ultrasound research identity, leading consensus efforts such as LI-RADS and SRU guidelines, and using the final stretch of training to prepare for sustained academic impact.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.34334
The PET/CT examinations commonly obtained in patients with cancer provide additional information that can be used for nononcologic prognostication. Radhika Rajeev, MD, discusses the AJR article by Kim et al. exploring the role of visual ordinal coronary calcium scoring on routine FDG PET/CT examinations in predicting perioperative outcomes.
What does it take for physicians to master money? Jeffrey Brown, MD, speaks with host Siddhant Dogra, MD, about founding a physician-focused investment firm, pursuing business and finance training, common financial misconceptions among physicians, and lessons from balancing parallel careers in radiology and wealth management.
Full article: Increasing—Yet Varying—Radiologist Workforce Attrition Across Subspecialties
Could some subspecialties be losing radiologists to workforce attrition more rapidly than others? Pranjal Rai, MD, discusses this article by Christensen et al. exploring workforce attrition patterns among subspecialties.
Full article: Quantitative CT Measurements of Interstitial Lung Disease: Same-Day Variability Between Two Vendors—A Prospective Study
Longitudinal monitoring of interstitial lung disease (ILD) requires insight into the variability of quantitative ILD measurements. Dora Chen, MD, discusses the article by Ahn et al. reporting results of a prospective study in which patients with ILD underwent same-day chest CT examinations using scanners from different vendors.
Understand the invisible physics at play! Lorenna Vidal, MD, speaks with host Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, to demystify the MRI scanner. Explore the unique needs of imaging children and why every moment near an MRI scanner requires a safety-first mindset and a meticulous balance of risk and benefit with expert guidance.
Your expertise deserves an audience, so let's work on your digital footprint! Robin Roth, MD, joins cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD to discuss building a purpose-driven brand, engaging and educating the public through social media, and finding unexpected professional connections in addition to clinical practice.
Malpractice does not have to define how you practice. Francis Deng, MD, speaks with host Surbhi Raichandani, MD, about understanding malpractice through reporting language, communication, uncertainty, peer learning, and system design, with practical guidance for early-career radiologists seeking to practice thoughtfully rather than defensively.
Curious how radiologists can drive artificial intelligence (AI) change at scale? Ainsley MacLean, MD, speaks with host Siddhant Dogra, MD, about moving from neuroradiology to AI leadership, launching advisory and private equity ventures, deploying AI responsibly, evaluating real-world return on investment, and networking for physicians pursuing innovation, consulting, or investing.
Full article: Enhancing Capsule on Dynamic Liver CT: Association With Hepatocellular Carcinoma Diagnosis Using LI-RADS Version 2018
Should an enhancing capsule be handled differently from other LI-RADS major features? Jordan Kondo, MD, discusses this AJR article by Choi et al. that explores the impact on CT-based HCC diagnosis of proposed modified LR-5 criteria that give an enhancing capsule the same priority as other major features.
Full article: Large Language Model-Generated Expansion of the RadLex Ontology: Application to Multinational Datasets of Chest CT Reports
Could a large language model (LLM) be used as a scalable solution for expanding radiology ontologies? Tobi Folami, MD, discusses the AJR article by Lee et al. exploring a LLM for large-scale expansion of the RadLex ontology.
Full article: Associations of Ultrasound-Derived Fat Fraction and MRI PDFF Measurements: A Prospective Study in Pediatric Patients with Suspected MASLD
Do UDFF measurements have a role in children with MASLD? Selima Siala, MD, discusses the AJR article by Kim et al. that explores associations of UDFF measurements obtained under different breathing conditions with PDFF measurements in children with suspected MASLD.
Imaging biomarkers over invasive biopsies! Minal Jagtiani MD, and Suraj Serai, PhD, speak with host, Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, on safe repeatable tracking of pediatric liver iron, fat, and fibrosis with quantitative MRI. Learn the physics that makes the liver look bright and techniques to keep the measurements precise.
Does your career plan need a reset? Pat Basu, MD MBA, joins cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, to discuss a practical framework for long-term vision, multidisciplinary paths, and executive leadership strategies.
Full article: Associations of Pleural Puncture Angle and Other Factors With Major Adverse Events After Thermal Lung Tumor Ablation: A Two-Center Study
What is the preferred angle of applicator insertion during thermal lung tumor ablation? Osvaldo Berlina, MD, discusses the AJR article by Graur et al. exploring associations of the pleural puncture angle with adverse events after lung ablation.
What does it take to build a fulfilling academic career? Ashley Aiken, MD, speaks with host Surbhi Raichandani, MD, about her journey in mentoring faculty across a large complex academic system. She shares candid lessons, personal missteps, and practical strategies that she wishes she had known earlier.
A radiologist charts an unconventional path across startups, consulting, and venture capital. Amine Korchi, MD, speaks with host Siddhant Dogra, MD, about radiology training in Switzerland, development of a career advising startups, and leading the wave of innovation as a radiologist.
Full article: Commercial Artificial Intelligence (AI) Tool for Screening Digital Breast Tomosynthesis: Factors Associated With AI-Based Breast Cancer Detection
Research into breast imaging artificial intelligence (AI) has focused primarily on digital mammography. Hira Qureshi, MD, discusses the AJR article by Bahl et al. that explores the performance of a commercial AI system for digital breast tomosynthesis evaluation.
Success stories on the global stage! Kassa Darge, MD PhD, speaks with host Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, on the training and educational needs to improve pediatric radiology in resource-limited settings, while sharing inspirational anecdotes from his career and strategies to get involved in outreach initiatives.
What are strategies to creatively write and blog? Ben White, MD, joins cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, to discuss self-publishing platforms and the emotions that come with tackling controversial topics.
Injuries involving the posteromedial corner of the knee have become increasingly described and understood. Musculoskeletal Imaging Senior Editor Eric Chang, MD, speaks with Jie Nguyen, MD, MS, and Todd Lawrence, MD, PhD, regarding their article addressing the MRI and surgical evaluation of so-called ramp lesions of the knee.
Full article: Persistence of Microvascular Obstruction From Early to Late Gadolinium Enhancement Images on Cardiac MRI: Prognostic Utility After STEMI—Analysis of EARLY-MYO-CMR Registry Data
What is the role of early gadolinium enhancement images after STEMI? Radhika Rajeev, MD, discusses the AJR article by Xiang et al. evaluating the prognostic impact of persistence of microvascular obstruction between early and late gadolinium enhancement on cardiac MRI.
Full article: CT Energy Consumption Savings From a Rapid-Reactivation Power Save Mode for Interexamination Idle Periods
Existing strategies for achieving CT energy savings have focused on powering systems down after hours. Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, is joined by Kate Hanneman, MD, to discuss this recent AJR article exploring a novel rapid-reactivation power save mode for reducing scanner energy consumption during short periods between examinations.
Full article: Prevalence of Malignancy Among Incidental Indeterminate Adrenal Nodules on Contrast-Enhanced CT in Patients Without Known Cancer: A Multiinstitutional Study
Can scenarios be defined when imaging follow-up may not be needed for adrenal nodules? Antonino Andrea Blandino, MD, discusses this AJR article by Corwin et al. exploring malignancy prevalence in incidental indeterminate adrenal nodules.
Feeling overwhelmed by the worklist? Long H. Tu, MD, PhD, joins host Surbhi Raichandani, MD, to discuss practical efficiency strategies, technologies, ergonomics, and habits that help radiologists protect their focus, streamline workflows, and reclaim time, all while still delivering high-quality patient care.
From residency to leading India's next generation of artificial intelligence (AI) researchers, a radiologist shares an unconventional journey from clinician to full-time academic innovator. Suvrankar Datta, MD, speaks with host Siddhant Dogra, MD, about radiology training in India, building an AI lab, and redefining the meaning of being a physician-scientist.
Glimpse into the world of prenatal diagnostics! Safwan Halabi, MD, speaks with host Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, on techniques for detailed imaging of the developing fetus and the role of radiologists in the multidisciplinary fetal medicine team.
A growing shortage of breast radiologists has hindered timely access to diagnostic breast imaging services. Radiologist burnout is exacerbating these workforce challenges. In this AJR Conversation, Breast Imaging Senior Editor Wei Yang, MD, speaks with Sona Chikarmane, MD, about her team's recently published AJR article exploring how the implementation of a remote diagnostic breast imaging program can provide a sustainable strategy to address these gaps.
Full article: Decoupling Visual Parsing and Diagnostic Reasoning for Vision–Language Models (GPT-4o and GPT-5): Analysis Using Thoracic Imaging Quiz Cases
What is the bottleneck in ongoing attempts to use vision-language models to interpret radiologic imaging? Pranjal Rai, MD, discusses this recent AJR model by Han et al. that seeks to differentiate the roles of visual parsing and diagnostic reasoning toward impacting VLM performance.
How can lessons from sports aid a radiology career? Claude Sirlin, MD, and Benjamin Wildman-Tobriner, MD, join cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD to discuss resilience through failure in athletics, mental habits during high-stakes competitions, and the nonlinear path to academic success.
Full article: Artificial Intelligence for CT and MRI Protocoling: A Meta-analysis of Traditional Machine Learning, Transformer, and Large Language Models
CT and MRI protocoling can pose substantial time burdens for radiologists. Selima Siala, MD, discusses this AJR article by Sacoranksy et al. that reports a meta-analysis comparing traditional machine-learning, transformer, and large language models for automated examination protocoling.
Full article: False-Negative Screening and Diagnostic Mammograms in the National Mammography Database From 2010 to 2022
What lessons can we use from the National Mammography Database? Jordan Kondo, MD, discusses the AJR article from Oluyemi et al. that explores false-negative mammography rates based on this large data resource.
Full article: Echogenic Rind Associated With Suspicious Masses on Ultrasound: Performance for Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Associations With Pathologic Tumor Characteristics
How should radiologists approach an echogenic rind detected in association with a breast mass on ultrasound? Osvaldo Berlina, MD, discusses this article by Nguyen et al. on the clinical implications of this finding.
As the year comes to a close, we pause to reflect on what wellness truly means in medicine and radiology. Sherry Wang, MD, joins host Surbhi Raichandani, MD, for an honest conversation on burnout, gratitude, and rediscovering purpose in the small moments that sustain us.
Erin Alaia, MD, the 2025 Melvin M. Figley Fellow in Radiology Journalism, and Domen Plut, MD, PhD, the 2025 Lee F. Rogers International Fellow in Radiology Journalism, share their experiences as the year's ARRS editorial journal fellows, focusing on insights into AJR operations and activities. They discuss lessons learned about the editor role, takeaways from the publications staff, strategies for successful publication, and impacts on their own careers.
From creating a reporting fix as a resident to leading industry-shaping startups, the path has been a playbook for impact. Woojin Kim, MD, speaks with host Sid Dogra, MD, about his entrepreneurial journey, discussing startup lessons, maintenance of clinical practice, time management keys, and the future of radiology artificial intelligence.
A guide to modern, safer pediatric imaging! Michael S. Gee, MD, and Camilo J. Cobos, MD, speak with host Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, on the impacts of standardization and new technologies in improving the consistency of care while highlighting the efforts of key partners in redefining protocol execution and patient experience.
Full article: PI-RADS Version 2.1 for Prostate MRI Interpretation: Associations of Study Quality and Cancer Detection Metrics—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Research quality can influence the results of studies evaluating PI-RADS performance. Tobi Folami, MD, discusses this AJR article by Nedelcu et al. reporting a meta-analysis of PI-RADS v2.1 performance, with attention to the impact of study quality.
Full article: Real-World Use and Outcomes of Lung-RADS v1.1 Category 4B Versus Lung-RADS v2022 Category 0 for Suspected Infectious or Inflammatory Findings on Lung Cancer Screening CT
How should radiologists handle suspected infectious or inflammatory findings on lung cancer screening CT? Brittany Miles, MD, talks with Randall Rosenblatt, MD, on the implications of Lung-RADS v2022 category 0 in this setting, based on the recent AJR article by Arora et al.
What are insights from a radiologist's experience in creating an educational conference on endometriosis imaging? Wendaline VanBuren, MD, joins cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, to discuss opportunities to learn from international colleagues, public speaking pearls, and the importance of networking and collaboration.
What are practical strategies for faculty navigating their first years in academic medicine? Priscilla J. Slanetz, MD, MPH, speaks with host Surbhi Raichandani. MD, about the early-career journey in academic radiology, covering themes on values, time management, leadership, promotion, and personal branding, while sharing candid insights on balance, clarity, and growth.
Full article: MRI at 0.55 T for Assessment of Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms: An Intraindividual Comparison Versus 1.5-T and 3-T MRI
Use of mid-field scanners could help improve access to MRI services. Hira Qureshi, MD, discusses this AJR article by Rajeev et al. that explores the use of a 0.55-T scanner for surveillance of pancreatic intraductal mucinous neoplasms.
Discover what it takes to lead with vision and purpose. Cheri L. Canon, MD, speaks with host Sid Dogra, MD, about her leadership path from radiology to the helm of a major health system and the lessons learned along the way.
Full article: Utility of CAD-RADS 2.0 Plaque Burden Grades and Stenosis Categories on Coronary CTA for Predicting Cardiac Events in Patients With Acute Chest Pain: A Multicenter Study
Plaque burden grade reporting was incorporated in CAD-RADS 2.0. Radhika Rajeev, MD, discusses this AJR article by Lee et al. that explores the prognostic impact of these grades.
Full article: Attrition of the National Radiologist Workforce: Associations with Radiologist and Practice Characteristics
What factors may be associated with radiologist attrition from the national workforce? Dora Chen, MD, discusses the recent article by Christensen et al. exploring radiologist and practice characteristics that may be impacting national attrition rates.
Rapid MRI is transforming pediatric emergency care. Rama Ayyala, MD, joins host Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, to discuss how rapid MRI, incorporating a limited number of sequences to answer specific clinical questions, maintains diagnostic accuracy while improving workflow speed and efficiency in the pediatric emergency department.
How can radiology leaders foster adaptability and innovation? Andy Moriarity, MD, MBA, speaks with cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, on artificial intelligence innovation in clinical operations, the value of pursuing an MBA degree, and strategies for achieving workplace efficiency and team cohesion in private practice.
Feeling uncertain in your first years out? Desiree Morgan, MD, speaks with host Surbhi Raichandani, MD, about perspective, resilience, and lessons from decades of practice that will give early-career radiologists the courage to find their fit.
Full article: Contrast-Enhanced Voiding Urosonography and Radionuclide Cystography for Diagnosing Vesicoureteral Reflux Using VCUG as the Reference Standard: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
What is the current role of contrast-enhanced voiding urosonography in the detection of pediatric vesicoureteral reflux (VUR)? Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, is joined by Hansel Otero, MD, to discuss the recent meta-analysis by Hayatghaibi et al. comparing imaging tests for VUR diagnosis.
Full article: Central Tumor Location in Resected Lung Adenocarcinoma: Association with Recurrence and Survival Outcomes
What is the association of tumor location with lung cancer outcomes? Antonino Andrea Blandino, MD, discusses the article by Ahn et al. exploring prognostic implications of central location for resected lung adenocarcinoma.
Could you picture yourself becoming Chief Medical Officer of a global AI startup? Samir Shah, MD, MMM speaks with Sid Dogra, MD about his experience as CMO of Qure.ai for the last two years, the skills he brought from his prior leadership roles in teleradiology companies, and what he’s learned about radiology AI in his new position.
An inside scoop to pediatric radiology training and beyond. Amy Mehollin-Ray, MD, speaks with host Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, on the many training pathways available and common misconceptions about the subspecialty. Academics, teleradiology, private or hybrid practice: the opportunities are everywhere!
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33866
Full article: Out-of-the-Box Large Language Models for Detecting and Classifying Critical Findings in Radiology Reports
Can LLMs help radiologists handle large volumes of critical findings requiring communication and tracking? Pranjal Raj, MD, discusses the AJR article by Talati et al. exploring the optimization and performance of LLMs in detecting and classifying radiology critical findings.
What are common myths versus truths about sustainable radiology practices? Kate Hanneman, MD, speaks with cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, about the evolving importance of sustainability in radiology, practical steps that practices can use to minimize environmental impact, and steps for becoming champions of change.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33827
“You don’t need it all figured out to make a difference.” Amy Patel, MD, speaks with host Surbhi Raichandani, MD, about leading, growing, and building meaningful work during her earliest years in practice.
Full article: Gadopiclenol Versus Gadoterate Meglumine for Pediatric Brain MRI: An Intraindividual Comparison of Contrast Enhancement
Gadopiclenol has the potential to enable substantial reductions in contrast media doses. Selima Siala, MD, discusses this AJR article by Valencia et al. exploring the use of gadopiclenol for dose reductions in the setting of pediatric brain MRI.
Radiology practices are particularly vulnerable to cybersecurity attacks, with some practices ceasing operations as a result of an attack. In this AJR Conversation, Policy, Quality, and Practice Management Senior Editor Jonathan Mezrich MD, JD, MBA, LLM speaks with Benoit Desjardins, MD, PhD, about his team's recently published AJR article providing strategies for how radiology practices can prepare for and handle cyberattacks.
Exploring and reporting liver anatomy plays a vital role in hepatocellular carcinoma management. In this AJR Conversation, Gastrointestinal Imaging Senior Editor Federica Vernuccio, MD, PhD, speaks with Justin Tse, MD, about his team's recently published article providing a practical anatomy-based guide for staging and treatment planning in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.
Have you ever considered nonprofit work or global health volunteerism as a radiologist? Bhavya Rehani, MD, cofounder of Health4theworld, an award-winning nonprofit organization, speaks with host Sid Dogra, MD, about her vision for the organization, initial and evolving challenges, and advice for radiologists at all career levels about nonprofit work.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33751
Full article: CT Colonography for Colorectal Cancer Screening and Prevention: 20-Year Programmatic Experience at a U.S. Academic Medical Center
CT colonography (CTC) serves as an important noninvasive test for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening, although its implementation has faced challenges. Jordan Kondo, MD, discusses the AJR article by Pickhardt et al. reporting one center’s experience from 15,431 CTC examinations performed over a 20-year period.
Learn the ABCDEs of the cervical spine. Judy Gadde, DO, MBA, speaks with host Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, on understanding the delicate bones and ligaments of the pediatric cervical spine, identifying elusive soft tissue injuries and developmental mimics, and effectively communicating essential information while reporting.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33718
Full episode: Photon-Counting Detector CTA in Standard and Ultra high-Resolution Modes for Diagnosing Coronary Artery Stenosis Using Invasive Angiography as the Reference: A Prospective Study
Protocol decisions may impact the diagnostic performance of PCD coronary CTA. Tobi Folami, MD, discusses the AJR article by Wang et al. on optimization of PCD CTA in evaluating for coronary artery stenosis.
What does it take to lead, innovate, and succeed in radiology? Fred Lee, MD, joins cohosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, to discuss effective pitches to venture capitalists, approaches to bootstrap a startup company, and comparisons of deal versus no-deal scenarios.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33677
Full article: Associations of Breast Cancer Method of Detection With Tumor Characteristics, Treatments, and Overall Survival: A Propensity-Score Matched Analysis
Research into the method of breast cancer detection can help inform screening guidelines. Osvaldo Berlina, MD, discusses the AJR article by Chen et al. that uses a propensity-score matched analysis to understand associations of method of detection with survival outcomes.
Full article: Multimodal Generative Artificial Intelligence Model for Creating Radiology Reports for Chest Radiographs in Patients Undergoing Tuberculosis Screening
Widespread radiographic screening for tuberculosis can be challenged in certain regions by limited radiologist availability. Dora Chen, MD, discusses a recent AJR article by Hong et al. that evaluates the potential use of generative AI for chest radiography interpretation in this setting.
Learn how to tackle unfamiliar PACS platforms, adjust to local workflow quirks, and stay organized while you find your rhythm in a new environment. Host Surbhi Raichandani, MD, provides this practical guide for navigating your first few weeks on the job.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33633
The growing spectrum of neurotoxicities related to targeted cancer therapies can present a challenge for radiologists. In this AJR Conversation, Neuroradiology Imaging Senior Editor Carlos Zamora, MD, PhD, speaks with Alvand Hasankhani, MD, about his team's recently published article addressing the critical role of neuroimaging in detecting and differentiating neurotoxicity syndromes associated with common and emerging cancer therapies.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33063
Bardia Nadim, MD, discusses the AJR article by Jang et al. exploring real-world results from the use of AI for detecting lung metastases from colorectal cancer.
How can academic radiologists break into the entrepreneurial world? Greg Zaharchuk, MD, PhD, speaks with host Sid Dogra, MD, about his journey from academic neuroradiology to co-founding Subtle Medical, sharing insights into the challenges, rewards, and lessons learned in building an artificial intelligence startup from within academic medicine.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33566
Uncover the diverse scope of practice available in pediatric radiology. Shannon Farmakis, MD, speaks with host Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, on the often unseen professional opportunities in pediatric imaging, including insights into the routines and realities of private practice and approaches for navigating a fulfilling career in the specialty.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33521
Full article: Artificial Intelligence for Low-Dose CT Lung Cancer Screening: Comparison of Utilization Scenarios
Shailin Thomas, MD, PhD, discusses the AJR article by Lee et al. comparing four utilization scenarios for the application of artificial intelligence to CT lung cancer screening.
Full article: Pericardial Fat and Primary Tumor Radiomics for Predicting Occult N2 Disease and Survival in Clinical Stage I Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Multicenter Study With Biologic Correlation
Kamyar Ghabili, MD, discusses the AJR article by Huang et al. exploring a predictive radiomics model in non-small cell lung cancer.
Co-hosts Lindsey Negrete, MD, and Amy Maduram, MD, interview guests Mark Mullins, MD, PhD, and Judy Gadde, DO, on Radiology Trailblazers. This episode highlights techniques to enhance trainee education, feedback, mentoring, and social media teaching files. Listen to learn what it takes to lead, innovate, and succeed in radiology.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33479
What if the hardest part of becoming a radiologist comes after training ends? Surbhi Raichandani, MD, introduces the series and explores the emotional and logistical challenges that new attendings face during the leap from training to independent practice.
Full article: LI-RADS CT/MRI Radiation Treatment Response Algorithm Version 2024: Category Redistribution and Short-Term Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Y-90 Radioembolization for HCC
Antonino Andrea Blandino, MD, discusses the AJR article by Chiu et al. evaluating implications of LI-RADS CT/MRI Radiation Treatment Response Version 2024.
The recently released 9th version of the AJCC staging system for nasopharyngeal carcinoma includes several critical updates to optimize the impact of imaging-based staging. In this AJR Conversation, Neuroradiology Imaging Section Editor Carlos Zamora, MD, PhD, speaks with Alok Bhatt, MD, and Pranjal Rai, MD, about their team's recently published article on the 9th version's key modifications and clinical implications.
Full article: Head-to-Head Comparison of 68Ga-PentixaFor PET/CT and FDG PET/CT for Detecting Hematologic and Solid Cancers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Aiasha Alam, MD, discusses the systematic review and meta-analysis by Wang et al. comparing 68Ga-PentixaFor PET/CT and FDG PET/CT for oncologic evaluation.
Radiology Trailblazers is a new AJR podcast spotlighting the bold ideas, breakthrough innovations, and transformative mindsets shaping the future of radiology. Hosted by best friends and academic radiologists Lindsey Negrete, MD (Stanford University), and Amy Maduram, MD (Northwestern University), this monthly series dives into what it really takes to lead and innovate in the field, whether it’s pioneering new techniques, challenging the status quo, or learning from the giants who came before us.
Raisa Amiruddin, MBBS, brings to you a brand-new podcast series delving into the fascinating world of pediatric imaging to empower radiologists everywhere to provide the best possible care for our youngest patients.
From Training to Practice is a monthly podcast that explores the often-overlooked, high-stakes transition from radiology trainee to new attending. Hosted by Dr. Surbhi Raichandani, an abdominal radiologist at Emory University, this 12-part series blends personal reflection with honest conversations featuring radiologists, physicians, and healthcare experts who have lived it.
Each episode tackles a real challenge faced in the first year of independent practice—whether it’s building confidence, navigating new systems and expectations, staying efficient without burning out, or figuring out how to lead when you still feel like you’re learning.
This podcast is designed for early-career radiologists, fellows approaching graduation, and anyone who remembers what that leap felt like.
Curious about where a radiology career can take you? Sid Dogra, MD, introduces Career Pivots, a new AJR podcast series, and shares what inspired the series, the kinds of guests you’ll hear from, and what you can expect to learn.
Full article: Defining Reference Values for Skeletal Muscle Metrics on Abdominal CT Using Data From Healthy Young Adult Populations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Pranjal Rai, MD, discusses the AJR article by Ju et al. that seeks to define literature-based reference cutoff values for CT skeletal muscle metrics.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD, and Saurabh Jha, MD, discuss the complex phenomenon of overdiagnosis in radiology, exploring its population-level recognition, ethical tensions, and the role of radiologists in mitigating harm through reporting practices, societal guidelines, and advocacy.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33273
Full article: Attenuation Coefficient for Hepatic Steatosis Using a Single Ultrasound System: Associations of Measurement Parameters With Interoperator Agreement and Diagnostic Performance
Morgan McLuckey, MD, discusses the AJR article by Ferraioli et al. exploring attenuation coefficient for hepatic steatosis evaluation using a single ultrasound system.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training and Education, Umar Mahmood, MD, PhD, joins host Monica Cheng, MD, in a conversation that explores radiology's vital role in a globalized healthcare system, fostering educational exchanges and building bridges through multidisciplinary and international collaboration.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33244
Full article: Architectural Distortions Detected by Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Alone With No Ultrasound Correlate and Nonmalignant Results on Core Needle Biopsy: Outcomes From an Imaging-Focused Management Strategy
Charisma DeSai, MD, discusses a recently published AJR article addressing the management of architectural distortions detected on DBT alone with nonmalignant biopsy results.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Sustainability, Sean Woolen, MD, MS, speaks with Julia Schoen, MD, and Katie Lichter, MD, MPH, about how education empowers clinicians and trainees to lead sustainable change in radiology and radiation oncology through practical tools, strategies, and collaboration.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33169
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD, and Atul Shinagare, MD, discuss how radiologists communicate diagnostic uncertainty. They examine the potential misalignment between radiologists and referrers in diagnostic confidence, as well as strategies to improve clarity like standardized certainty scales.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33101
Full article: Private Equity Acquisitions of Radiology Practices From 2013 to 2023: National- and State-Level Analyses
Shailin Thomas, MD, discusses the AJR article by Khunte and Singh on trends in private equity acquisitions of radiology practices.
Full article: Self-Interpretation of Imaging Studies by Ordering Providers: Frequency and Associated Provider and Practice Characteristics
Aishwariya Vegunta, MD, discusses the article by Christensen et al. highlighting the phenomenon of self-interpretation, whereby an imaging study is interpreted by its ordering provider.
Full article: NPV of Biparametric and Multiparametric Prostate MRI: A Comparative Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Kamyar Ghabili, MD, discusses the AJR article by Salinas-Miranda et al. that evaluates available comparative studies of the NPV of biparametric MRI and multiparametric MRI of the prostate.
CT colonography (CTC) is now at an inflection point following recent regulatory updates. In this AJR Conversation, Gastrointestinal Imaging Section Editor Federica Vernuccio, MD, PhD, speaks with David Kim, MD, about his team's recently published article on the use of CTC for colorectal cancer prevention and detection.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training and Education, Geraldine McGinty, MD, MBA, joins host Monica Cheng, MD, in a conversation highlighting economic factors and financial structures that shape equitable health care delivery, the value of quality imaging, and the role of healthcare leadership in enhancing patient care.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.33058
Full article: Prognostic Implications of the Volume Doubling Time of the Solid Component in Lung Adenocarcinomas Manifesting as Part-Solid Lesions on Chest CT
Aisha Alam, DO, discusses the AJR article by Ahn et al. exploring the importance of the volume doubling time of the solid component in lung cancers appearing as part-solid nodules.
Full article: LI-RADS Ultrasound Surveillance Version 2024: Comparison With Version 2017 for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Detection and Risk Factors for Visualization Score C
Antonino Andrea Blandino, MD, discusses the AJR article by Heo et al. that compares LI-RADS Ultrasound Surveillance version 2024 with version 2017.
Full article: Contrast Media in Children: Ten Important Concepts on Administration, Applications, Complications, and Environmental Considerations, From the AJR Special Series on Contrast Media How can radiologists and pediatricians optimize contrast media use in children? In this AJR Conversation, Pediatric Imaging Section Editor Jonathan R. Dillman, MD, MSc, sits down with Monica M. Forbes-Amrhein, MD, PhD, and Michael J. Callahan, MD, to discuss essential concepts presented in their latest AJR article.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD, and Benjamin Strong, MD, discuss the justification and implementation of artificial intelligence (AI) for detection of critical pathologies within a quality assurance framework. They explore AI’s evolving impact on diagnostic error and malpractice risk.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.32962
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training and Education, Omer Awan, MD, joins host Monica Cheng, MD, in a conversation that delves into the role of creativity in education, sharing innovative teaching methods and technologic advancements that are shaping our learning and educational practices.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.32935
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Wellness, Sherry Wang, MBBS, and Jessica T. Wen, MD, PhD, discuss the current state of radiology resident wellness, along with challenges and potential opportunities.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.32901
Full article: White Matter Hyperintensities on High-Resolution 3-T MRI: Frequency in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Associations with Clinical Markers—A Prospective Controlled Multicenter Study
Pranjal Rai, MBBS, discusses the AJR article by Tanwar et al., reporting a prospective multicenter study evaluating the potential role of white matter hyperintensities as a biomarker of mild traumatic brain injury.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Sustainability, Sean Woolen, MD, MS, speaks with Christopher Hess, MD, PhD, Elmar Merkle, MD, and Charles Goh, MBBS, about global perspectives on sustainability in radiology. They explore regional challenges, innovative solutions, and collaborative strategies to drive environmentally responsible radiology practices worldwide.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.32864
Full article: Use of ChatGPT Large Language Models to Extract Details of Recommendations for Additional Imaging From Free-Text Impressions of Radiology Reports
Morgan McLuckey, MD, discusses the AJR article by Li et al. exploring the use of large language models for extracting details related to recommendations for additional imaging from radiology reports.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD and Neena Kapoor, MD discuss challenges in follow-up imaging recommendations, including low adherence and reporting variability. They emphasize system-based solutions like tracking tools and safety net teams to ensure necessary follow-up and reduce errors.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.32830
Full article: Bosniak Classification of Cystic Renal Masses Version 2019: Proportion of Malignancy by Class and Subclass—Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Aric Berning, MD, discusses the AJR article by McGrath et al. that provides a meta-analysis of malignancy proportions for Bosniak classification version 2019, stratified by class and subclass.
Full article: CT-based Body Composition Measures and Systemic Disease: A Population-Level Analysis Using Artificial Intelligence Tools in Over 100,000 Patients
Bardia Nadim, MD, discusses the article by Pooler et al., exploring associations of CT body composition measurements, derived using automated artificial intelligence tools, with common systemic diseases.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training and Education, Marc Succi, MD, joins host Monica Cheng, MD, to discuss insights in healthcare innovation, from founding MESH Incubator at Mass General Brigham to exploring how leadership and education can foster innovation in radiology to meaningfully impact patient care.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.32784
Full article: Machine Learning to Detect Cervical Spine Fractures Missed by Radiologists on CT: Analysis Using Seven Award-Winning Models from the RSNA 2022 Cervical Spine Fracture AI Challenge
Shailin Thomas, MD, discusses the AJR article by Chen et al. exploring the use of award-winning machine-learning models to detect cervical spine fractures missed by radiologists.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Wellness, Sherry Wang, MBBS, and Elizabeth Dibble, MD, discuss the Family Medical Leave Act and its integral role for wellness of the individual and of the health system.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.32741
Full article: Use of Photon-Counting Detector CT to Visualize Liver-Specific Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents: A Phantom Study
Aishwariya Vegunta, MD, discusses the AJR article by Rau et al. exploring the potential of photon-counting detector CT, combined with low-keV virtual monoenergetic reconstructions, to visualized a hepatocyte-specific gadolinium-based contrast agent.
Full article: Ultrahigh-Resolution Photon-Counting Detector CTA of the Head and Neck: Image Quality Assessment and Vascular Kernel Optimization
Atefeh Zeinoddini, MD, discusses the AJR article by He et al. exploring ultrahigh-resolution photon-counting detector CTA for evaluation of the head and neck, with attention to vascular kernel optimization.
Full article: Digital Mammography, Tomosynthesis, and Contrast-Enhanced Mammography: Intraindividual Comparison of Mean Glandular Dose for Screening Examinations Charisma DeSai, MD, and Olena Weaver, MD, discuss a recently published AJR article on radiation dose associated with contrast-enhanced mammography in the context of supplemental screening modalities for dense breasts.
Full article: Nonmass Lesions on Breast Ultrasound: Interreader Agreement and Associations With Malignancy
Kamyar Ghabili, MD, discusses the AJR article by Cho et al. exploring issues related to nonmass lesions on breast ultrasound.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD speaks with Keith Herr, MD about the emotional impact of medical errors on radiologists, exploring concepts like the "second victim," psychological responses, and strategies to foster resilience and professional growth.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.25.32650
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Sustainability, Sean Woolen, MD, MS, speaks with Reed Omary, MD, MS, and Elizabeth Schumacher, JD, about the role of patient preferences in sustainable healthcare. They explore how patient insights can shape radiology practices and promote environmentally responsible medicine moving forward.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.24.32611
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training and Education, Carmen Alvarez and Stacy Smith, MD, join host Monica Cheng, MD, to discuss evidence-based wellness initiatives that create a supportive workplace environment, fostering mindfulness and resilience while reducing burnout, to enhance overall well-being of radiology trainees and faculty.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.24.32623
Full article: Access to Breast Cancer Screening: Disparities and Determinants—AJR Expert Panel Narrative Review
In this AJR Conversation, Breast Imaging Section Editor Wei Yang, MD speaks with Anand Narayan, MD, PhD, FSBI, about his team's recently published article analyzing persistent inequities in screening, focusing on race, ethnicity, socioeconomic status, disabilities, health insurance, and geography.
Sherry Wang, MBBS, discusses the freedom in letting go, which will increase your wellness and wellbeing.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.24.32580
Full article: LI-RADS Nonradiation Treatment Response Algorithm Version 2024: Diagnostic Performance and Impact of Ancillary Features
Aisha Alam, DO, discusses the AJR article by Zhou et al. evaluating the diagnostic performance of LI-RADS Nonradiation Treatment Response Algorithm version 2024, with attention to the ancillary features.
Full article: Automated Breast Ultrasound With Remote Reading for Primary Breast Cancer Screening: A Prospective Study Involving 46 Community Health Centers in China
Antonino Andrea Blandino, MD, discusses the AJR article by Dang et al. evaluating the use of automated breast ultrasound with remote reading for breast cancer screening.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD, and Jonathan Mezrich, MD, JD, MBA, LLM, discuss radiologists' communication duties, legal precedents, and strategies for risk management. The conversation highlights situations necessitating nonroutine communication, evolving standards, and the potential impact of technology.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training and Education, Michael Recht, MD, joins host Monica Cheng, MD, in a conversation that explores precision education and novel learning paradigms that harness the power of artificial intelligence and innovation in radiology education.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.24.32504
Full article: Multiparametric MRI Radiomics With Machine Learning for Differentiating HER2-Zero, -Low, and -Positive Breast Cancer: Model Development, Testing, and Interpretability Analysis
Aishwariya S Vegunta, MBBS, discusses the AJR article by Chen et al. that explores the use of MRI radiomics with machine learning for differentiating among three-tiered HER2 expression statuses of breast cancer, with a focus on interpretability analysis.
Full article: Opportunistic Assessment for Parathyroid Adenoma on CT: A Retrospective Cohort Study Evaluating Primary Hyperparathyroidism-Associated Morbidity Over 10 Years of Follow-Up
Pranjal Rai, MBBS, discusses the AJR article by Bunch et al. exploring associations of an enlarged parathyroid gland on CT with morbidity related to primary hyperparathyroidism.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Wellness, Sherry Wang, MBBS, discusses the importance of being okay with yourself and the implications on your wellness.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.24.32472
Full article: Association of Time Since Diagnosis of Pediatric Ileocolic Intussusception With Success of Attempted Reduction: Analysis in 1065 Patients
Morgan McLuckey, MD, discusses the AJR article by Mertiri et al. comparing outcomes between pediatric intussusception reductions performed on an emergent versus urgent basis.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD, and Shailin Thomas, MD, JD, discuss medical malpractice liability as it relates to radiology residents, especially during overnight shifts. They give tips for future and current residents to consider as they progress through training.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.24.32398
Full article: Prospective Evaluation of Artificial Intelligence Triage of Intracranial Hemorrhage on Noncontrast Head CT Examinations
Bardia Nadim, MD, meets with guest Ian Pan, MD, to discuss the AJR article by Savage et al. that provides a prospective real-world evaluation of the use of artificial intelligence assistance for intracranial hemorrhage detection on head CT.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training and Education, David Naeger, MD, joins host Monica Cheng, MD, to discuss how to captivate learners, give an amazing talk, and balance a humane yet rigorous educational philosophy.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.24.32377
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Wellness, Sherry Wang, MBBS, explores three Gs—gratitude, grace, and grit—and how they help with our wellness.
Aric Berning, MD, discusses the AJR article by Hardie et al. that compares lung nodule detection by two CAD systems between low-dose and standard-dose chest CT scans in pediatric patients.
ARTICLE TITLE - Performance of Lung-Nodule Computer-Aided Detection Systems on Standard-Dose and Low-Dose Pediatric CT Scans: An Intraindividual Comparison
Charisma DeSai, MD, discusses the AJR article by El Sadaney et al., exploring photon-counting detector CT in the context of historical methods of measuring bone mineral density and comparisons among modalities with respect to dose and cost.
ARTICLE TITLE - Opportunistic Bone Mineral Density Measurement Using Photon-Counting Detector CT Spectral Localizer Images: A Prospective Study
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Sustainability, Sean Woolen, MD, MS, speaks with Amanda Marrero-Gonzalez, MD, about the impact of extreme weather on healthcare delivery. They explore challenges in radiology services during hurricanes and discuss strategies to build climate-resilient health systems for the future.
In this AJR Conversation, Interventional Radiology Section Editor Anne Covey, MD speaks with Ari Isaacson, MD, about his team's recently published article discussing the current status of transarterial embolization for musculoskeletal pain management, focusing on treatment of knee osteoarthritis and chronic shoulder pain.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD, and Kelly Yousem, JD, discuss the medical malpractice legal process. They cover the requirements and stages of malpractice claims, practical advice for radiologists navigating a lawsuit, and the role of expert witnesses.
Shailin Thomas, MD, discusses the AJR article by Danzer et al. supporting the safety of fetal MRI performed at 3 T based on neonatal anthropometric measurements.
ARTICLE TITLE - A Comparison of Neonates With 3-T Fetal MRI Exposure, With 1.5-T Fetal MRI Exposure, and Without In-Utero MRI Exposure
Kamyar Ghabili, MD, discusses the AJR article by Nelson et al. identifying patterns of changes in CT-based body composition measures after initiation of semaglutide therapy.
ARTICLE TITLE - Intrapatient Changes in CT-Based Body Composition After Initiation of Semaglutide (Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonist) Therapy
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training and Education, Monica Wood, MD joins host Monica Cheng, MD to discuss ways of finding our voice in advocacy and getting involved in shaping healthcare policies that can positively impact patient care and radiology practice.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Wellness, Sherry Wang, MBBS, discusses why pain and suffering can help with wellness.
Aisha Alam, MD, discusses the AJR article by Sikkenk et al. presenting a meta-analysis of the performances of MRI and FDG PET/CT in colon cancer locoregional staging.
ARTICLE TITLE - Diagnostic Performance of MRI and FDG PET/CT for Preoperative Locoregional Staging of Colon Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Article - The Impact of MRI-Based Advanced Neuroimaging on Neurooncologists’Clinical Decision-Making in Patients With Posttreatment High-GradeGlioma: A Prospective Survey-Based Study
Atefeh Zeinoddini, MD, discusses the AJR article by Dagher et al. exploring the impact of advanced neuroimaging on management decisions after treatment for high-grade glioma, based on surveys of neurooncologists.
Full article: Quantitative Prostate MRI, From the AJR Special Series on Quantitative Imaging
In this AJR Conversation, Genitourinary Imaging Section Editor Nicola Schieda, MD speaks with Daniel Margolis, MD about their team's recently published article discussing how quantitative techniques can be applied to many aspects of prostate MRI, from ADC values to tissue relaxivity, advanced diffusion techniques, and quantitative perfusion.
Full article: Utility of ADC Values for Differentiating Uterine Sarcomas From Leiomyomas: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Aric Berning, MD, discusses the AJR article by Woo et al. that presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of the role of ADC values in differentiating uterine sarcomas from leiomyomas.
Full article: Lung Cancer Staging Using Chest CT and FDG PET/CT Free-Text Reports: Comparison Among Three ChatGPT Large-Language Models and Six Human Readers of Varying Experience
Antonino Andrea Blandino, MD, discusses the AJR article by Lee et al. comparing performance of ChatGPT models and human readers in lung cancer staging from free-text radiology reports.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD, and David Yousem, MD, MBA, discuss mitigating diagnostic errors in radiology. They examine human factors like fatigue, ways to maintain vigilance to reduce detection errors, informational factors affecting interpretive error, and practice-based learning activities.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training and Education, Eric Tung, MD, joins host Monica Cheng, MD, to discuss the value of clinician educator tracks, peer teaching, and evidence-based learning principles to maximize successful learning outcomes.
In this episode of the AJR podcast series on Wellness, Sherry Wang, MBBS, discusses finding purpose.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Sustainability, Sean Woolen, MD, MS, and Katherine Maturen, MD, MS, explore how data-driven approaches can advance sustainability. They discuss data’s role in guiding meaningful sustainability efforts, the importance of standardizing measurement outcomes, and how radiology organizations can strategically support sustainability efforts.
Full article: Habitat Imaging With Tumoral and Peritumoral Radiomics for Prediction of Lung Adenocarcinoma Invasiveness on Preoperative Chest CT: A Multicenter Study
Pranjal Rai discusses an AJR study that may aid personalized preoperative assessments to guide clinical decision-making in lung adenocarcinoma.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD, and Daniel Morgan, MD, MS, discuss diagnostic stewardship. They explore how improving diagnostic test ordering, processing, and reporting can reduce error and improve outcomes, and address practical strategies and radiologists’ role in implementing stewardship.
Full article: Safety and Efficacy of Percutaneous Cryoablation for Recurrent or Metastatic Soft Tissue Sarcoma in Adult Patients
Morgan McLuckey, MD, discusses an AJR article by Pal et al. exploring outcomes from percutaneous cryoablation performed for local control of treatment-refractory recurrent or metastatic soft-tissue sarcoma in adults.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training & Education, Richard Gunderman joins host Monica Cheng to discuss the importance of humanism in radiology, emphasizing compassionate patient care, stewardship, the role of personal and larger narratives, and maintaining human connection amidst rising clinical volumes and evolving radiology practices.
In this AJR Conversation, Musculoskeletal Imaging Section Editor Eric Chang, MD speaks with Timothy Mosher, MD, about his recently published article exploring challenges in the application of the quantitative MRI-based compositional biomarkers T2 and T1rho.
Aishwariya Vegunta, MBBS discusses an AJR systematic review and meta-analysis comparing the diagnostic performance of FDG PET/CT and FDG PET/MRI in patients with cancer.
ARTICLE TITLE - Head-to-Head Comparison of the Diagnostic Performance of FDG PET/CT and FDG PET/MR in Patients with Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
In this episode of the AJR podcast series on Wellness, Sherry Wang, MBBS, interviews Jay Parikh, MD, Chair of the ARRS Wellness Subcommittee, regarding his perspective on wellness and his own wellness journey.
Bardia Nadim, MD discusses a recently published article on the short-term out-of-pocket and total costs of care after ablation, resection, or transplant for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma, using national SEER-Medicare data. The analysis reveals significant cost differences among these treatments, with ablation being notably less expensive. Dr. Nadeem is joined by Borna E. Dabiri, MD, PhD, who provides insights into the clinical implications, referral processes, post-procedural care, and future research directions.
ARTICLE TITLE - Short-Term Out-of-Pocket and Total Costs of Care After Ablation, Resection, or Transplant for Early-Stage Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A National SEER-Medicare Cost Comparison
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD, and David Newman-Toker, MD, PhD, discuss prevalence and harms of diagnostic error in medicine, the role and causes of error in diagnostic radiology, and disease-specific examples including in patients with stroke presenting with dizziness.
Charisma DeSai, MD, current breast radiology fellow, and Monica Huang, MD, attending breast radiologist and founder of the breast cryoablation program at MD Anderson Cancer Center, discuss a recently published AJR article on breast cryoablation in the context of landmark trials on cryoablation, including patient selection, procedure technique, follow-up, and multispecialty collaboration.
ARTICLE TITLE - Cryoablation of Primary Breast Cancer in Patients Ineligible for Clinical Trials: A Multiinstitutional Study
Robbie Hill, MD discusses an AJR study evaluating consolidation among radiologists' affiliated practices through 2023, analyzing the impact of consolidation on such practices' specialty mix and size, and assessing radiologists' new affiliations after prior practices cease.
ARTICLE TITLE - Changes in the Radiology Practice Landscape and Indicators of Practice Consolidation From 2014 to 2023
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training and Education, Shaunagh McDermott, MBBCH, BAO, a radiology residency program director, joins host Monica Cheng, MD, to share insights into radiology residency education, recruitment, and ways to cultivate a culture of learning and growth.
Xiao Xiao Tong discusses a study examining the impact of a minor (≤10%) GGO component on the prognosis of clinical stage I NSCLC in comparison with pure-solid nodules.
ARTICLE TITLE - Minor or (≤ 10%) Ground-Glass Opacity Component in Clinical Stage I Non–Small Cell Lung Cancer: Associations With Pathologic Characteristics and Clinical Outcomes
Robert Smalley, MD discusses a study examining the relationship between MR elastography liver stiffness measurements and histologic liver fibrosis.
ARTICLE TITLE - Association Between MR Elastography Liver Stiffness and Histologic Liver Fibrosis in Children and Young Adults With Autoimmune Liver Disease
In this episode of the AJR podcast series on Wellness, Sherry Wang MBBS will be discussing about dopamine dressing. What is it? How to do it? How it can boost your mood for wellness!
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Sustainability, host Sean Woolen, MD, MS, is joined by Kate Hanneman, MD, to explore the environmental impacts of radiology and discuss sustainable practices. The episode covers the importance of planetary health, the effects of climate change on radiology services, the healthcare industry's carbon footprint, and future investments to mitigate environmental impact.
Sid Dogra, MD discusses a study characterizing the visibility and diameter of the pancreatic duct and common bile duct on 2D MR images in children without pancreaticobiliary disease.
ARTICLE TITLE - Visibility and Size of the Pancreatic Duct and Common Bile Duct on Routine 2D MRI Sequences in Children Without Pancreaticobiliary Disease
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Diagnostic Excellence and Error, Francis Deng, MD, introduces the concept of diagnostic excellence and its relevance to radiologists. Patient-centered definitions of diagnostic error and conceptualizations of the diagnostic process are discussed.
In this AJR Conversation, Pediatric Imaging Section Editor Jonathan R. Dillman, MD speaks with Sergios Gatidis, MD and Heike E. Daldrup-Link, MD, PhD about their team's recently published article providing an overview of the current state of AI applications for pediatric cancer imaging.
Farzan Sherbaf, MD discusses a study on the effectiveness of abbreviated breast MRI for women with dense breast tissue, highlighting its potential for earlier cancer detection, reduced recall rates in subsequent screenings, and the need for further research on optimal screening protocols.
ARTICLE TITLE - Abbreviated Breast MRI for Supplemental Screening in Patients with Dense Breasts: Comparison of Baseline Versus Subsequent-Round Examinations
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Training & Education, Pamela Schaefer joins host Monica Cheng to discuss incorporating education into radiology careers. Dr. Schaefer shares her journey, the role of leadership, and advice for aspiring educators.
In the AJR Podcast Series on Training and Education, Dr. Monica Cheng, who is a radiology resident at Massachusetts General Hospital and Consulting Editor for the AJR Podcast Series, delves into essential topics within the realm of training and education with some of radiology's brightest thinkers, innovators, and leaders. Her guests’ stories, ideas, and lived experiences shine a fresh light on the way we think about current and evolving educational paradigms, the foundational values of training, and the culture of learning and growth. These form the pillars on which we deliver patient care in a dynamic clinical landscape and continue serving the evolving needs of healthcare and society.
In this AJR Conversation, Musculoskeletal Imaging Section Editor Eric Y. Chang, MD speaks with Eddy D. Zandee van Rilland, MD about his team's recently published article reviewing the fundamental features of myositis, including recent updates in terminology and consensus guidelines for idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.
Rebecca Le, MD discusses an article detailing how core needle biopsy may help avoid a missed or delayed cancer diagnosis in pulmonary lesions with cystic airspaces.
ARTICLE TITLE - CT-Guided Core-Needle Biopsy of Pulmonary Lesions Associated With Cystic Airspaces: A Case-Control Study
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Wellness, Sherry Wang, MBBS discusses how loneliness and social connectedness impact wellbeing and how we can connect with others to build meaningful relationships. These issues are important in view of the continued growth of teleradiology.
In this podcast, Shruti Kumar, MD, discusses the study by Somasundaram et al. on the development and validation of deep-learning models for abdominal CT organ segmentation in children.
ARTICLE TITLE - Deep-Learning Models for Abdominal CT Organ Segmentation in Children: Development and Validation in Internal and Heterogeneous Public Datasets
In this podcast, Peter Gunderman, MD, discusses the study by Lin et al. on the development and validation of a CT radiomics model for thyroid nodule characterization on multiphase CT.
ARTICLE TITLE - CT-Based Radiomics Models for Differentiation of Benign and Malignant Thyroid Nodules: A Multicenter Development-and-Validation Study
In this podcast, Bahram Mohajer, MD, MPH, explores the study by Park et al. on the use of AI models to automate the evaluation for coronary artery calcification on low-dose lung cancer screening CT scans, as well as the correlation of AI findings with major adverse cardiovascular events.
ARTICLE TITLE - Coronary Artery Calcification on Low-Dose Lung Cancer Screening CT in South Korea: Visual and Artificial Intelligence-Based Assessment and Association with Cardiovascular Events
In this AJR Conversation, Carlos Zamora, MD, PhD speaks with Leland S. Hu, MD about his team's recently published article on the current status of advanced MRI and PET techniques for the post-therapeutic response assessment of high-grade adult-type gliomas.
In this AJR Conversation, Wei T. Yang, MD speaks with Robert C. Ward, MD about his team's recently published article on the radiologist's role in breast cryoablation, including implementation of a breast ablation program, patient selection, technical details related to intervention, and expected postprocedural outcomes.
In this AJR Conversation, GU Section Editor Nicola Schieda, MD, speaks with Francesco Giganti, MD, PhD, and Adriano Dias, MD, Msc, about their team's recently published article examining the new prostate MRI scoring systems PI-QUAL, PRECISE, PI-RR, and PI-FAB.
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Wellness, Sherry Wang MBBS discusses being alone. The episode addresses how being alone can be conducive to wellness. Being alone is not the same as loneliness.
In this AJR Conversation, IR Section Editor Anne Covey, MD, speaks with Shamar Young, MD, about his team's recently published article on thermal ablation of thyroid nodules.
Xiao Xiao Tong discusses an AJR article that found interreader agreement assessed among ten radiologists was substantial both for the Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound risk category assignment and for the surgical consultation recommendations. In particular, the variability was less relevant in the recommendation for surgical consultation and in assigning the indeterminate risk category.
ARTICLE TITLE - Society of Radiologists in Ultrasound Consensus Conference Recommendations for Incidental Gallbladder Polyp Management: Interreader Agreement Among Ten Radiologists
In this episode of the AJR Podcast Series on Wellness, Sherry Wang MBBS discusses feeling unwell. The episode addresses the state of physician burnout, depression, moral injury, and personal experiences.
Full article: https://ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29806
In this podcast, Robert Smalley, MD explores Massachusetts General Hospital's adoption of an automated CT protocoling system. He discusses the system’s impact on streamlining scans and its potential for broader application despite the complexities in pediatric radiology. The conversation includes insights from Dr. Ryan Chung's interview on the project's nuances and reflects on the initiative's success in efficiency and error reduction.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30280
Robert Hill, MD discusses an article in which the authors evaluate associations between peritumoral and intratumoral high T2 signal intensity with histopathologic characteristics.
Full article: https://ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30769
Adrenal-protocol CT is commonly performed as part of the diagnostic workup of adrenal nodules, in order to distinguish adrenal adenomas from tumors. However, there has been limited evaluation of its efficacy in heterogeneous nodules. Sid Dogra, MD discusses a recent multi-institutional study evaluating different methods of ROI placement and show that adrenal-protocol CT generally has poor diagnostic performance in distinguishing adrenal adenomas and non-adenomas in heterogeneous nodules.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/ajr.23.30611
Farzan Sherbaf, MD discusses a study on the need for ongoing research to refine PI-RADS criteria and emphasizes the crucial role of radiologists in contributing to this evolution through continuous follow-up of relevant clinical data.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30272
Peter Gunderman, MD discusses a recent AJR study that finds that a free-breathing accelerated cine sequence with deep learning reconstruction is just as accurate as standard breath-hold SSFP sequences in estimating left ventricular measurements. An accurate free-breathing cine sequence could benefit patients who have difficulty holding their breath and decrease scanning times, but there are limitations to the study that may hinder wider adoption.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30557
Rebecca Le, MD discusses a new article challenging the fear of using general anesthesia during percutaneous thoracic procedures, comparing high-frequency jet ventilation (HFJV) with spontaneous respiration (SR) when treating lung tumors with percutaneous ablation.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30651
Hong Linda Li, MD discusses a research letter highlighting the potential use of GPT-4 into radiology reports to flag the presence of three incidental findings that may require further management.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30504
Shruti Kumar, MD study that investigates the outcomes of patients with pure ground-glass nodules, heterogeneous ground-glass nodules, and part-solid nodules. It shows that pure ground-glass nodules have better surgical outcomes and may be monitored noninvasively, whereas nodules with increased density may need surgery.
Full article: https://ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30419
George Vilanilam, MD zeroes in on a recent study examining the effectiveness of digital breast tomosynthesis screening for patients with prior breast cancer treatment, marking its importance due to the elevated risk of recurrence or new cancer development.
Full article: https://ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30345
Bahram Mohajer explores a recent study concerning the performance drop of long nodule detection CAD systems, trained on adult data, when applied to pediatric CT scans. With a focus on the need for pediatric-specific datasets CAD systems, the podcast analyses the study's methodology and results.
Full article: https://ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30496
Xiao Xiao Tong discusses a study that conducted a comparative analysis between patients who underwent multiparametric MRI and those who underwent biparametric MRI, in terms of NPV. No statistically significant difference was observed between these two groups, including in subgroups of patients on active surveillance and patients with no prior prostate cancer history.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.30189
Rebecca Le, MD discusses an article that combines the relationship between radiology and sustainability, which could sound like an unlikely combination to some. However, Schoen et al. prove otherwise by measuring CT net scan energy consumption and estimated savings on one of their scanners at Wake Forest. The authors found that a high correlation between CT dose report metrics and CT scanners’ net scan energy consumption and that net scan energy savings could be extracted from a reduction in dose report metrics without requiring a sensor. The authors also measure the impact on CT energy savings, which is greatly impacted by reducing idle state energy consumption, or the energy the CT produces from being “on.”
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30300
In this podcast, Alessandro Micelli, MD discusses an article on safety and efficacy of percutaneous ablations in patients with ILD and NSCLC are analyzed, taking into consideration the appearance and grading of adverse events and local tumor control.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30156
Sid Dogra, MD discusses an article in which the authors investigate various combinations of imaging acquisitions and diagnostic criteria for hepatocellular carcinoma using contrast-enhanced ultrasound with the agent perfluorobutane.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29938
Peter Gunderman, MD discusses a study finding complications of lung biopsy are more common in patients with usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), but only when the proceduralist traverses findings of UIP–a surprising discovery that raises questions about patient positioning and lung biopsy safety.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/ajr.23.29778
Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf, MD discusses an AJR article analyzing recent research using photon-counting detector CT to better visualize and characterize infrapopliteal arteries by providing higher spatial resolution compared to conventional CT to overcome calcified plaque artifact, even with lower IV contrast media dosage.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30008
Robert Smalley, MD discusses a new article that covers the findings of a national survey of U.S. radiology departments and their policies on visa sponsorship for IMG faculty.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.30060
Shruti Kumar, MD discusses a study that investigates the optimal neuroimaging approaches for patients with dizziness in the emergency department. It explores how specialized MRI emerges as the most cost-effective strategy, offering enhanced stroke detection and improving long-term outcomes and preventive measures.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29889
This podcast from George Vilanilam, MD focusses on sarcopenia and its assessment using CT scans. Sarcopenia is often assessed using the Skeletal Muscle Index (SMI), which is calculated by dividing the Skeletal Muscle Area (SMA) at the third lumbar vertebra (L3) by the patient's height squared. However, this study aimed to determine whether there's a more accurate way to scale muscle area relative to patient height and to explore how this might affect the ability of SMI to predict all-cause mortality.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29826
Hong Linda Li, MD discusses a new article that examines the need for a comprehensive approach that integrates clinical, radiological, and histopathological data for accurate diagnosis and management of adrenal masses.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29769
In this podcast, Bahram Mohajer, MD, MPH introduces a study on AI's role in assessing endotracheal tube positions on chest radiographs. The study demonstrates high sensitivity and specificity in identifying tube presence and positioning, especially in critical cases. The AI system's potential to expedite detection and reduce delays in repositioning is highlighted. While the study's strengths include a large sample size and multi-institutional data, the author acknowledges limitations such as the retrospective design and lack of clinical outcome data. The podcast concludes by emphasizing the promising impact of AI on radiologists' efficiency and patient safety, with the need for further validation and integration into diverse healthcare settings.
Full article: https://ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29984
Robbie Hill, MD discusses an article in which the authors derive an optimal size threshold for determining retropharyngeal lymph node involvement in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) based on outcome predictions. The authors show that the optimally derived threshold of 6mm provides better outcome predictions and may lead to improved treatment decision-making for patients with NPC.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29964
Xiao Xiao Tong, MD discusses an original research article that focuses on the pathological correlation of MRI scoring systems. The upgrade and downgrade rates from targeted biopsy to radical prostatectomy were not significantly different between patients whose MRI examinations were clinically interpreted using PI-RADS v2.0 or v2.1. Additional and alternative biopsy techniques with different accuracy rates should be considered in future research to implement the correlation between imaging findings and histology.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29950
In this episode, Alessandro Micelli, MD discusses an article detailing the advantages that photon-counting detector (PCD) CT can give in the setting of lumbar spine CT, specifically in terms of better CNR and lower radiation dose exposure. This original research study represents first steps in the PCD CT era and will be useful to guide future studies to establish a standard protocol for specific indications of lumbar spine examinations.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29670
Sid Dogra, MD discusses an AJR article in which the authors show that retained biopsy site markers following resection of breast lesions increases risk of residual malignancy, particularly in patients whose initial pathology suggested malignancy. Radiologists can improve patient care by more explicitly noting missing biopsy site markers and recommending early postoperative mammogram on initial intraoperative specimen radiographs.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29655
Shruti Kumar, MD discusses an AJR study that compares the performance of mammography alone, standalone artificial intelligence (AI), ultrasound alone, and a combination of these methods in a sample of 1,325 women. The study suggests that adding AI to mammography and ultrasound does not provide significant benefit in cancer detection rates in patients with dense breasts. However, the study's limitations, including single-institution data and specific AI platform, must be considered before generalizing the results.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/ajr.23.29570
Childhood obesity is a growing epidemic globally. Precisely quantifying abdominal fat distribution on MRI could be valuable for research and clinical care, but manual segmentation is extremely tedious. Farzaneh Ghazi Sherbaf, MD discusses a recent study in which the authors developed and validated an AI method to automatically segment subcutaneous and visceral abdominal fat on MRI in adolescents. The work has implications for making obesity research and care more effective through automated, personalized abdominal fat mapping.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29607
When grading hepatic steatosis on MRI, we generally assume that chemical-shift images are needed. Robert Smalley, MD takes a look at a recent AJR article that proposes a simpler way using in-and-opposed-phage images. How good is it, and is it ready for clinical adoption?
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/ajr.23.29674
Peter Gunderman, MD discusses a recent study that finds artificial intelligence can accurately predict the pathology of pure ground glass nodules, at least in the subset of nodules representing variants of adenocarcinoma.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29609
Hong Linda Li, MD discusses a new AJR article that details how preoperative MRI-based staging can predict biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy as effectively as post-surgical pathologic staging.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29414
Shambo Guha Roy, MD discusses an article in which the authors developed a deep learning model to predict 30-day mortality of community acquired pneumonia from chest radiographs.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29340
Wenhui Zhou, MD, PhD reviews a recent AJR article that explored the feasibility of pulmonary MRA for evaluating pulmonary embolism during a contrast media shortage in 2022. The results of this study highlight the value of pulmonary MRA as a practical alternative to pulmonary CTA, especially in emergency settings.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29285
Leo Jia, MD discusses a new AJR article that finds radiologic evidence of unambiguous extranodal extension of lymph node metastases may have a role in the initial staging evaluation of patients diagnosed with non-small cell lung cancer.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29151
Rachana Borkar, MBBS discusses a study shows high negative predictive value for clear cell renal cell carcinoma. The score could impact clinical decisions in patients by guiding risk stratification and patient selection for active surveillance through identification of patients unlikely to have clear cell renal cell carcinoma.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29120
With the exponential rise of AI, and with radiology being at the forefront of this revolution, this article breaks the model by taking a unique approach in performing experimental and validation studies using natural language processing modules and focusing on recommendations for additional imaging alone. Aruj Chawla, DO discusses a new study that details the utility and limitations of current applications.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.23.29352
Transient ischemic attacks (TIAs) are very common in the United States, and prompt diagnosis of TIAs is important as they are associated with an increased risk of subsequent stroke. Jesi Kim, MD provides a discussion and critical analysis of an important article that demonstrates increased odds of subsequent stroke in patients who had incomplete neurovascular imaging after an emergency department encounter for TIA.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29139
Most patients with cancer will undergo multiple contrast-enhanced CT examinations in the diagnosis and treatment on malignancy, raising concern for contrast-associated renal injury for often medically complex patients. Juliet Alla, MD discusses an article that seeks to develop and validate a model to predict the risk of contrast-associated acute kidney injury in patients with cancer. We discuss the implications kidney injury risk stratification for the imaging care of patients with cancer.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29002
Mohanned Alnammi, MD discusses a study that assessed the frequency of mucinous degeneration following neoadjuvant therapy and to compare outcomes among patients with nonmucinous, mucinous tumors, and those with mucinous degeneration on MRI. It revealed that mucinous degeneration is relatively uncommon and did not have a clear association with cancer recurrence or patient survival. The study emphasized the limitations of MRI in differentiating between cellular and acellular mucin and indicated a need for more advanced imaging techniques.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.29164
Stephany Mazur, MD summarizes findings from a recent article demonstrating no significant increase in image apparent hematoma, palpable hematoma, or need for post-biopsy bleeding-related intervention for patient on anti-thrombotic therapy as compared to those not on therapy. Only breast bruising was seen more frequently in patients on antithrombotic therapy as compared to those not on therapy.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28925
Eymen Ucisik, MD presents a recently published AJR article exploring the possible risk factors for diagnostic errors by attending neuroradiologists in a single large academic center. These findings should be considered when designing workflow-related interventions to reduce imaging interpretation errors.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28968
Moral distress may cause burnout. Abdul Khan, MD, discusses a recently published AJR article in which investigators evaluate the prevalence of moral distress and evaluate for causes of moral distress as well as potential solutions for moral distress.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28809
In this podcast, Mostafa Alabousi, MD discusses a prospective pilot study by Dr. Covington et al. which assessed the performance of FES PET/CT in comparison to standard-of-care evaluation and FDG PET/CT in individuals with invasive lobular breast carcinoma.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28892
Shambo Guha Roy, MD discusses an article in which the authors study CT features, including the reticulation sign, to differentiate etiologies of ground glass nodules, with special attention to features predicting invasive adenocarcinoma.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.23.28999
Wenhui Zhou, MD, PhD reviews a recent AJR article which described a unique association of unexplained acute distal pancreatitis with subsequent diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Awareness of this imaging finding may facilitate upfront endoscopic ultrasound sampling for early detection of pancreatic cancer.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28970
Leo Jia, MD discusses a new study that finds the time to resolution after a booster dose supports the current recommendation for follow up of at least 12 weeks for suspected vaccine-related lymphadenopathy.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.22.28745
Artificial intelligence tools are already used in the practice of radiology, but there are questions about their accuracy and generalizability. Juliet Alla, MD discusses a study examining the technical adequacy of several body composition AI tools when applied to a set of heterogenous sample of outside imaging studies. Special guest Dr. Tara Retson, with multiple publications on algorithm development and the role of AI in radiology, joins us to discuss the implications for clinical practice.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28556
Rachana Borkar, MBBS discusses a study that concluded that ACR TIRADS had the highest sensitivity and specificity among six risk stratification systems for thyroid nodules.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28396
Mohanned Alnammi, MD discusses a new study evaluating the diagnostic performance of O-RADS US and O-RADS MRI for risk stratification of ovarian and adnexal lesions.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28963
Jesi Kim, MD discusses an important article that demonstrates how the improved temporal resolution of dual-source CT scanners can allow coronary CTAs to be performed without strict heartrate control while improving image quality. This finding and discussion is of interest because not administering an oral beta blocker during a coronary CTA can decreasing CT completion time and accelerate downstream management.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28640
Aruj Chawla, DO discusses a study that brings about a novel method to analyze vascular involvement in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28769
Stephany Mazur, MD discusses a new article in AJR that focuses on factors predicting background parenchymal enhancement in contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM). Understanding these factors may help to optimize patient selection and the timing of CEM examinations.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28852
Eymen Ucisik, MD discusses a recently published AJR article aiming to explore the potential of the insular ribbon involvement on the initial MRI as a marker of tissue fate by analyzing serial follow up MRI findings and the affected patients’ clinical outcomes. It is relevant for the general radiologists and neurologists since it may help identify patients who could benefit from late-window reperfusion treatments or neuromodulation treatments.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28587
Angiomyolipoma embolization may be performed with a variety of embolic agents. Abdul Khan, MD, discusses a recently published AJR article in which investigators compare the safety and efficacy of large or symptomatic AML embolization with a combination of LBE and NBCA-lipiodol emulsion vs PVA particles.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28470
In this podcast, Mostafa Alabousi, MD discusses a retrospective study by Dr. Seiler et al. which compared the diagnostic performance of supplemental optoacoustic imaging with conventional ultrasound compared to ultrasound alone for differentiating benign versus malignant breast masses.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28321
Leo Jia, MD discusses a recent article assessing the efficacy and safety of CT-guided biopsy of suspicious pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph nodes.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28603
Wenhui Zhou, MD, PhD reviews a recent AJR article which compares the efficacy and safety of delayed versus upfront thermal ablation in the treatment of colorectal cancer liver oligometastases. This comparison study shows upfront thermal ablation results in better progression-free-survival compared to delayed ablation, for patients with low tumor burden.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.28515
In this podcast, Shambo Guha Roy, MD discusses an article in which the authors studied the effect of different reconstruction kernels and slice thickness on chest CT image quality performed on photon-counting detector CT used in ultra-high-definition mode.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28385
Locoregional therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma perform differently when compared by rates of complete pathologic necrosis of lesions. Juliet Alla, MD discusses a new AJR study that demonstrates improved rates of complete pathologic necrosis for patients with HCC who underwent thermal ablation and TARE therapies, when compared to those who received TACE. Special guest Dr. Zachary Berman, an interventional radiologist who specializes in locoregional therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma, joins to discuss the implications for clinical practice.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28323
Jesi Kim, MD discusses a recent AJR article that demonstrates the value of new metrics using dual energy CT to differentiate between an adrenal adenoma and non-adenoma.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28231
Rachana Borkar, MBBS discusses a new AJR study which is the first to simultaneously compare radiologist's overall impression, ACR TI-RADS, and deep learning algorithm in differentiating benign and malignant thyroid nodules on ultrasound in children and young adults.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28319
Aruj Chawla, MD provides an overview and discussion of an AJR article that discusses the possibility of using thin-slice reconstructions in a head-to-head comparison with existing reconstruction techniques to compare subjective image quality. Is there a possibility of streamlining workflows and eliminating thick reconstructions all together? The ideas proposed in this research hope to help pave the way.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28320
Stephany Mazur, MD reviews a study on digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT)-guided versus digital mammography (DM)-guided biopsies of calcifications, demonstrating similar pathologic outcomes, with a decreased procedure time and radiation exposure for DBT guidance as compared to DM guidance.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28233
Across practices, Eovist is used to differentiate focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) from hepatic adenoma (HCA). Mohanned Alnammi, MD discusses how further research and new updates in HCA classification system, combined with new data from a recent AJR article shows how Eovist uptake occurs in these subtypes (namely B-HCA which has malignant potential).
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28357
Eymen Ucisik, MD discusses an AJRarticle comparing opioid-exposed and unexposed fetuses in terms of 2D biometric measurements of the brain and additional pregnancy-related assessments on fetal MRI.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28024
Mostafa Alabousi, MD discusses a retrospective trial by Dr. Taylor-Cho et al. that compared the performance of the contrast-enhanced in-phase Dixon sequence to three other routine clinical breast MRI sequences for biopsy clip detection.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28142
Filter specialized referral centers have grown under the spotlight of complex filter retrievals. Abdul Khan, MD, discusses a recently published AJR article in which investigators analyze the success rate and predictors of adverse events of complex IVC filter retrieval at a large, specialized referral center.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.27983
In this podcast, Shambo Guha Roy, MD discusses an article in which the authors evaluated the utility of deep learning reconstruction of coronary CTA for evaluation of stent restenosis.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.28139
Wenhui Zhou, MD, PhD reviews a recent AJR article which developed and validated a nomogram combining clinical and CT-based radiomics features to differentiate pneumonia-type IMA and pneumonia. This nomogram outperformed radiologist interpretation or clinical factors alone, representing a useful tool in this difficult-to-diagnose disease.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27977
Leo Jia, MD discusses an article that finds new, fully automated artificial intelligent pipelines demonstrate the ability to determine body composition and predict subsequent cardiovascular events.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27977
Leo Jia, MD discusses an article that finds new, fully automated artificial intelligent pipelines demonstrate the ability to determine body composition and predict subsequent cardiovascular events.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27731
Multiple sclerosis is a multifaceted diagnosis. Does the classic imaging finding, the central vein sign, make an impact on the diagnosis? And does contrast media improve detecting the central vein sign? Yes and yes, according to a study discussed by Juliet Alla, MD.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27731
Multiple sclerosis is a multifaceted diagnosis. Does the classic imaging finding, the central vein sign, make an impact on the diagnosis? And does contrast media improve detecting the central vein sign? Yes and yes, according to a study discussed by Juliet Alla, MD.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27991
Jesi Kim, MD discusses an important article that demonstrates a national increase in utilization of CT scans for trauma-related ED encounters from 2011 to 2018 with a potential relatively greater increased utilization of CT scans in minor traumas.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27991
Jesi Kim, MD discusses an important article that demonstrates a national increase in utilization of CT scans for trauma-related ED encounters from 2011 to 2018 with a potential relatively greater increased utilization of CT scans in minor traumas.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.22.27895
AI algorithm application to contrast-enhanced chest CT, in comparison with clinical reports, resulted in high negative predictive value and moderate positive predictive value with high number of false positives in incidental pulmonary embolism detection, which raises the question: help or hindrance? Rachana Borkar MBBS, DMRD, DNB discusses potential benefits include second reads, worklist triage in high volume settings, and expedited treatment of incidentally detected pulmonary embolisms.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.22.27895
AI algorithm application to contrast-enhanced chest CT, in comparison with clinical reports, resulted in high negative predictive value and moderate positive predictive value with high number of false positives in incidental pulmonary embolism detection, which raises the question: help or hindrance? Rachana Borkar MBBS, DMRD, DNB discusses potential benefits include second reads, worklist triage in high volume settings, and expedited treatment of incidentally detected pulmonary embolisms.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.27218
In this episode, John Do, MD speaks with PAVM expert Michael Taddonio, MD, interventional radiologist and director of the HHT program at the University of California San Diego, to discuss the results of a recently published study in AJR that supports the use of Micro Vascular Plugs as the preferred agent for pulmonary arteriovenous malformations embolotherapy over embolic coils and Amplatzer Plugs.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.27218
In this episode, John Do, MD speaks with PAVM expert Michael Taddonio, MD, interventional radiologist and director of the HHT program at the University of California San Diego, to discuss the results of a recently published study in AJR that supports the use of Micro Vascular Plugs as the preferred agent for pulmonary arteriovenous malformations embolotherapy over embolic coils and Amplatzer Plugs.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.22.27625
This podcast with Stephany Mazur, MD and Rebekah Anders, MD covers new literature on multiple architectural distortions (ADs) and the rates of benign, high risk, and malignant pathology on stereotactic biopsy of ADs. Given the higher rate of high-risk lesions in the setting of multiple ADs, biopsy of each site may be warranted.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.22.27625
This podcast with Stephany Mazur, MD and Rebekah Anders, MD covers new literature on multiple architectural distortions (ADs) and the rates of benign, high risk, and malignant pathology on stereotactic biopsy of ADs. Given the higher rate of high-risk lesions in the setting of multiple ADs, biopsy of each site may be warranted.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27971
Aruj Chawla, DO discusses how a CT-based algorithmic approach provides hope that centers with scarce MRI table time availability can provide an alternative characterization with comparable predictive value.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27971
Aruj Chawla, DO discusses how a CT-based algorithmic approach provides hope that centers with scarce MRI table time availability can provide an alternative characterization with comparable predictive value.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27904
Eymen Ucisik, MD discusses a recently published AJR article aiming to explore the potential uses of MR Elastography in the diagnosis and monitoring of idiopathic intracranial hypertension. It is relevant for the radiology audience since MR elastography may potentially provide a noninvasive alternative to lumbar puncture in the evaluation of the intracranial pressure, although further studies are needed to support this proposal.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27901
Adrenal adenomas are common due in part to increased utilization of cross-sectional imaging, there is a growing need to evaluate the utility of CT washout for small homogenous adrenal nodules (<4cm) with HU>10 and without history of cancer given the prevalence of malignancy in true incidentalomas is low. Mohanned Alnammi, MD discusses an article that found evaluating true incidentalomas with HU >10 with CT washout and showed suboptimal diagnostic performance and that the 60% washout threshold may be of limited utility in those without a history of cancer.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27812
There is not great evidence on what to do when a small lesion of less than 10 mm is detected on surveillance examinations, also known as US-2 subthreshold category. Hyunjoong William Kim, MD discusses a paper that tackles this grey area.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27869
In this podcast, Shambo Guha Roy, MD discusses an AJR article in which the authors tried to evaluate the yield of short-term follow-up CT in demonstrating growth among malignant nodules detected on low dose screening CT.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.27756
In this podcast, Mostafa Alabousi, MD discusses a prospective study which compared the performance of contrast-enhancement mammography and breast MRI in assessing neoadjuvant therapy treatment response for patients with breast cancer.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27842
Diagnostic yield of CT guided core needle biopsy of visible bone lesions has been well studied, but not thoroughly studied for occult non-spinal bone lesions. Abdul Khan, MD, discusses a recently published AJR article in which investigators evaluated the diagnostic performance of biopsy of occult osseous lesions and analyze the various malignant and benign diagnosis.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.22.27739
Ragheed Al-Dulaimi, MD discusses a new article that demonstrates how the addition of DWI to conventional MRI can improve diagnostic performance and interobserver agreement in differentiating cancer recurrence from postsurgical fibrosis.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27687
Axillary swelling, tenderness and palpable lymphadenopathy are commonly reported side effects of the COVID-19 vaccination. Alexandra Millet, MD discusses a new study that observed a prolonged duration to resolution of unilateral ipsilateral axillary lymphadenopathy suspected to be related to COVID 19 vaccination. Administration of the Moderna vaccine, receipt of a second vaccine dose after the initial lymphadenopathy presentation, and greater cortical thickness at initial presentation were independently associated with a longer time to resolution following presentation. The findings support a follow up interval of at least 12 weeks for suspected vaccination-related lymphadenopathy as well as not delaying screening mammography due to recent vaccination.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27378
Wenhui Zhou, MD, PhD reviews a recent AJR article examining the performance and interreader agreement of clear cell likelihood score (ccLS) for noninvasive, imaging assessment of renal mass. This validation study bolsters the value of multiparametric MRI to predict pathologic diagnosis of incidentally detected renal cell carcinoma.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27664
Gregory Lee, MD and Jean Jeudy, MD discuss the accuracy of visual scoring of coronary artery calcium on chest CT, regardless of contrast. By more accurately reporting these scores, large groups of patients may greater benefit from preventative treatment of coronary disease.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27494
Xiaochen Denise Liu, PGY 5, discusses an article in which the preliminary findings suggest the need for modification of the current consensus for CKD risk factor prior to outpatient administration of iodinated contrast.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.27289 Rosalind Gerson, PGY3, discusses a study that compared the diagnostic performance of stress myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and CT Angiography with AI-Quantitative CT (CTA + AI-QCT) in detecting obstructive coronary artery stenosis, with invasive angiography serving as the reference standard. CTA + AI-QCT demonstrated better diagnostic performance than MPI. Modelling of diagnostic algorithms showed that incorporating CTA+AI-QCT reduced both costs and rates of invasive testing.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27675
The key step in the creation of a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is the needle puncture from a hepatic vein to a portal vein. This can be challenging in patients with portal vein thrombosis, where the portal vein is poorly visualized. Liwei Jiang, MD, discusses a feasibility study that employs a previously described technique of placing a guidewire into the right hepatic artery to serve as a landmark for the target portal vein.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.21.27255
Radiation safety is important, particularly in pediatric imaging. Viet Le, MD discusses an article that demonstrates how a deep learning-based algorithm reduces radiation dose in pediatric CTs compared to current techniques without loss of image quality.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.27274
Ground-level fall is a common injury in older patients and a frequent cause of ED visits. These low impact falls may lead to intracranial hemorrhage, which is a particular concern in patients on antithrombotic therapy. In this episode, Sara Tedla MD, discusses a recently published study in AJR, which evaluates traumatic intracranial hemorrhage on CT after minor head trauma in adult patients on antithrombotic therapy.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.22.27595 Lung cancer screening and the use of Lung-RADS is becoming more prevalent. Gregory Michael Lee, MD discusses an article on applying strategies that better identify benign intrapulmonary lymph nodes and using volumetric-based measurements result in improved specificity without loss in sensitivity, as compared to Lung-RADS version 1.1.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.21.27195
We are moving towards patient-centered care and thus, it is important to listen to patients’ feedback. Hyunjoong William Kim discusses an article that evaluated the role of an individual hospital’s effort to make the provider reviews from patients transparent and public on its website; specifically, it looked at if there were any score differences between the radiologists and the non-radiology physicians. Radiologists, particularly those who are involved in direct patient care, may be subjected to similar patient review and ratings mechanisms as other clinical providers and this article is a good starting point to think about the ever-changing healthcare field.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.21.27161
Management of nonmalignant architectural distortion on DBT remains controversial. Alexandra Millet, MD discusses study results suggesting that imaging surveillance rather than surgery can be considered for architectural distortion on DBT yielding radial scar without atypia or other concordant benign pathologies without atypia.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.27234
Rosalind Gerson, PGY3, discusses a recent AJR article that assessed inter-observer agreement for multiple qualitative and quantitative findings in chronic pediatric pancreatitis, finding fair or moderate agreement for most qualitative features, and good inter-rater agreement for pancreatic duct diameter on both MR and CT.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.21.27301
Several prognostic scores have been applied for predicting survival after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement to guide patient selection. In this episode, John Do, MD speaks with TIPS expert Dr. Jonas Redmond, interventional radiologist and associate professor at the University of California San Diego, to discuss the results of a recently published study in AJR that supports the utility of FIPS score in differentiating patients who are optimal candidates.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.27147
Early diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary hypertension are crucial to prevent chronic progression and a poor prognosis. The nonspecific presenting symptoms and need for right heart catheterization may contribute to a delay in diagnosis. In this episode, Sara Tedla MD, discusses a recently published study in AJR, which evaluates the utility of cardiac chamber volumetric measurements based on non-gated CT pulmonary angiography and the updated 2018 pulmonary hypertension criteria.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.27135
Wenhui Zhou, MD, PhD reviews a recent AJR article examining the diagnostic performance of six different imaging modalities in the detection of sporadic pheochromocytoma, and the science behind several radiotracers used in the detection of pheochromocytoma. This study incentivizes the use of automated MR Elastography to screen for hepatic fibrosis in nonalcoholic hepatosteatotitis.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.21.27129 Xiaochen D. Liu, MD discusses an article that assesses the utility of preoperative shear wave elastography measurements of the supraspinatus muscle to predict successful rotator cuff repair, including comparison with MRI-based measures.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.27062 Hyunjoong William Kim, MD discusses Liver Surface Nodularity score, which as the name suggests, looks at the nodularity along the anterior aspect of the left lobe of the liver preferentially. Using a semi-automated software, liver nodularity can be quantified into a number; this article demonstrates the relationship between Liver Surface Nodularity score and the stage of liver fibrosis, as well as liver-related events, including decompensation, liver transplantation, and mortality.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26935 Ragheed Al-Dulaimi, MD discusses an AJR article that assesses utility of second-largest lesion size on parathyroid CT for differentiating single-gland disease from multigland disease.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.21.26806
Post-embolization syndrome (abdominal pain, nausea, emesis, and fever) is the most common adverse effect of liver embolotherapy and is the primary reason for post-procedure hospitalization. Liwei Jiang, MD, discusses a new study that links cirrhosis with the severity of post-embolization syndrome after bland hepatic artery embolization. The findings may help select patients for early discharge after the procedure.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26674
Viet Le, MD discusses the utility of additional whole-spine MRI in children with suspected abusive head trauma. Clinical providers, including radiologists, may find diagnostic value to consider incorporating whole-spine MRI in cases of possible abusive head trauma as many spinal injuries are localized to the thoracolumbar spine, in addition to the cervical spine.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26930 In this episode, Shambo Guha Roy, MD discusses an article in which the authors tried to standardize epicardial adipose attenuation and fat attenuation index, on the newest generation photon counting CT.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26735
Lara Gabrielle L Lim, MD discusses multiple factors that affect the ultrasound LI-RADS visualization score, such as examination, sonographer and radiologist characteristics. Awareness of these factors are opportunities for improved practices and quality assurance measures.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26777
Wenhui Zhou, MD, PhD reviews a recent AJR article examining the feasibility of 1.5-T and 3-T MRI to detect a novel marker for smoldering multiple sclerosis and histopathological correlate of this MR marker. This study supports the widespread utilization of 1.5-T MRI to further explore the clinical utility of a novel MR marker in multiple sclerosis patients.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26847
Alexandra Millet, MD discusses a study that compares imaging characteristics of false-positive and true-positive findings on CEDM. The conclusions include that a low-energy mammographic finding with associated enhancement, or a finding with sonographic or MRI correlate, predicts a true-positive result. Calcifications with associated enhancement had a high malignancy rate. Nonetheless, half of true-positive lesions enhanced on iodine images without a mammographic finding on low-energy images. These observations inform radiologists’ management of abnormalities detected on screening CEDM.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26569
In this episode, Rosalind Gerson, PGY3 discusses a new study showing similar rates of clinically significant prostate cancer found on systematic biopsy performed after negative biparametric vs multiparametric MRI. In patients from either MRI cohort, specified PSA density thresholds had similarly high negative predictive values for clinically significant prostate cancer.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26543
Imaging in the emergency department has continued to increase over the years with the growth of head and neck CTA disproportionately higher than other neuroimaging. In this episode, Sara Tedla MD, discusses a recently published study in AJR, which characterizes utilization of head and neck CTA in the ED, and frequency of non-routine results communication among patients’ chief concerns.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26882
Early and mild stages of intersitial lung disease can be challenging to evaluate by radiography. A commercially available deep learning algorithm to detect reticular opacities in surgically confirmed interstitial lung disease was more accurate than radiologists. Gregory Lee, MD discusses a new AJR article that examines the use of a deep learning algorithm tool increased interobserver agreement for readers, as well as increased the sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of the radiologist.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26547
Viet Le, MD discusses the utility of monitoring liver disease in kids after endovascular intervention with 2D shear-wave elastography.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26376
In patients at high risk for hepatocellular carcinoma, progression to higher categories from LR-2 and LR-3 observations remains a concern with surveillance of these lesions. Tune into this podcast to hear the results of a recently published study in AJR that found low progression rates of LR-2 and LR-3 observations with insights and comments from our special guest, the developer and leader of LI-RADS, Claude Sirlin, MD, who is an abdominal radiologist and professor at the University of California San Diego.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26551
Percutaneous ablation is an effective treatment for sarcoma lung metastases that improves survival with minimal damage to healthy lung. Two increasingly used ablation modalities, microwave ablation and cryoablation, have not been directly compared. Liwei Jiang, MD, discusses a new study that compares the outcomes following microwave ablation and cryoablation of sarcoma lung metastases.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26614
Ragheed Al-Dulaimi, MD discusses a new article in which the authors explore the natural history of incidentally discovered gallbladder polyps on ultrasound performed for hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.21.26534
Xiaochen Denise Liu, MD discusses a new article that discusses the utility of the MY-RADS total burden score.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.21.26411
Shambo Guha Roy, MBBS, MD discusses a new article in which the authors explored associations between preoperative thoracic CT findings and need for postoperative mechanical ventilation after major abdominal or pelvic surgeries.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26577
Rosalind Gerson, PGY3 discusses a new study which shows that applying deep learning reconstruction to accelerated shoulder MRI improves image quality and decreases artifact severity to a level similar to that of standard sequences, without compromising sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26071
Wenhui Zhou, MD, PhD reviews a recent AJR article examining the diagnostic performance of six different imaging modalities in the detection of sporadic pheochromocytoma, and the science behind several radiotracers used in the detection of pheochromocytoma. This study supports the use of 18F-FDOPA as the first-line imaging modality in the workup of suspected adrenal pheochromocytoma.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26506
Alexandra Millet, MD discusses a new study shows that accuracy improves and recall rates decrease when DBT or AI-CAD are used as adjuncts to DM alone for surveillance of the ipsilateral and contralateral breasts in women with a personal history of breast cancer after BCT, indicating that these additional methods can reduce unnecessary callbacks. In the ipsilateral breast, addition of AI-CAD resulted in lower recall rates and higher accuracy than did the addition of DBT. This suggests that AI-CAD may help address the challenges of post-BCT surveillance mammograms.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26208
In this episode, Gregory Lee, MD focuses on a new AJR article that focuses on how dual-energy CT derived electron density values can add accuracy in the diagnosis of lymph node metastasis in the setting of non-small cell lung cancer.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26274
Viet Le, MD discusses the diagnostic performance of contrast-enhanced ultrasounds in evaluating neonatal brain injury while highlighting the safety and feasibility of the modality, which are important to consider in potentially critically ill patients.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26256
Should CT contrast media be warmed? Currently, the ACR has not provided conclusive recommendations, and data to guide decision-making has been sparse. In this episode, John Do, MD discusses a recently published study showing that prewarming iohexol 350 may not be necessary to reduce the risk of extravasation and reaction rates.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25979
Clear cell Likelihood Score (ccLS) is a non-invasive method to grade the likelihood of a small renal lesion being a clear cell renal cell carcinoma based on the MRI appearance. Hyunjoong William Kim, MD discusses a new AJR article in which the authors demonstrate a relationship between the ccLS and the rate of growth, as higher clear cell Likelihood Score is associated with faster growth rate of the renal lesion.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26346
How many CT-guided lung biopsies should one perform before being considered competent? Knowing metrics for performance and how to measure performance may help set guidelines for training and clinical practice. Liwei Jiang, MD details a new study in which the authors seek to define the learning curve of CT-guided lung biopsies, looking at diagnostic accuracy and complication rates.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26014
Lara Gabrielle L Lim discusses a new AJR study that focuses on CT changes of the pancreas before the diagnosis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. This involves six focal pancreatic abnormalities that when detected will aid in early disease detection, early disease management, and improved patient outcomes.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25832
Xiaochen D. Liu, MD discusses a proposed selective surgery of benign papillomas that was discussed in a recent AJR article.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.26132
Jeffrey Guccione, MD discusses an article that examines the use of iohexol in a water-soluble contrast challenge for predicting non-operative management of small bowel obstruction. Technical success rates are also examined, and the real-world practicality discussed. Strengths and limitations are addressed as well, including the use of iohexol over gastrografin.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.19.22661
In this podcast, Pei-Kang (Ken) Wei, MD and Cinthia Cruz-Romero, MD summarized the study by Stewart et al. and then provided a discussion regarding the limitation of this article as well as whether including MRI to the diagnostic algorithm for placental adhesion disorder may provide added benefit to clinical management.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25787
In this podcast, Tyler Richards, MD discusses an observational retrospective study that looks at risk factors for patients with non-small cell lung cancer, which they found to be advanced clinical stage at diagnosis (stage III or IV) and EGFR mutation in patients with adenocarcinoma histology. They recommend that patients in these risk groups receive a surveillance brain MRI at 12 months.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25732
David Ballard, MD discusses an AJR article in which the authors provide a practical practice consideration for optimizing prostate MR image quality. To reduce susceptibility from rectal gas, the authors had MR technologist place 18-French rectal tubes in patients undergoing prostate MR and compared them to patients without rectal tube placement.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25608
Drew Gunio, MD discusses a new AJR study assessing the impact of a flexed elbow valgus external rotation (FEVER) view on ulnotrochlear (UT) joint space measurement and reader evaluation of the UCL when incorporated into standard elbow MRI in throwing athletes.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25744
Kerem Ozturk, MD discusses a new AJR articles that includes retrospective ECG-Gated CTA findings which may help guide presurgical planning in Type A Aortic Dissection with sinus Valsalva involvement that impacts patient prognosis and surgical planning.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25924
Intracranial deposition of gadolinium after contrast-enhanced MRI is an emerging area of concern with much still to be learned. Kalen Riley, MD, MBA discusses a new article that proposes a dose-reduction strategy that takes advantage of relatively higher T1 relaxivity of one macrocyclic agent compared to another while still striving to maintain an adequate imaging examination.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25640
Characteristic CT findings of COVID-19 pneumonia have been extensively described, including the substantial overlap with findings of other infectious etiologies such as influenza. However, CT findings also have substantial overlap with those of non-infectious organizing pneumonia. Matthew Peterson, MD discusses a new AJR study sample with equal proportions of these infectious and non-infectious diagnoses, in which radiologists’ diagnostic accuracy was low.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25796
Giuseppe V. Toia, MD reviews a retrospective study which compares CT and MRI cystic renal mass characterization using the Bosniak 2019 and 2005 versions. This study concludes that version 2019 demonstrated decreased sensitivity, but increased specificity for detecting malignancy.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25669
David Robinson, MD discusses a short report study exploring the role of MRI in the diagnosis of tibial polyethylene post fractures in posterior stabilized total knee arthroplasties, including a comparison of conventional sequences versus metal artifact reduction sequences.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25545
Michael Nellamattathil, DO discusses a new article that finds ultrasound-guided biopsy of omental disease suspected on CT is safe and effective for tissue diagnosis. Though omental disease commonly appears on ultrasound as diffuse infiltrative thickening without a discrete target, sampling based on pre-biopsy CT landmarks is diagnostic in the large majority of cases.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.25416
There has been a dearth of head to head comparison of the performance of the different noninvasive colorectal cancer screening tests. Alicia Chen, MD discusses a new study that has completed a valuable meta-analysis comparing the positive predictive value and detection rate of stool DNA, FIT, and CT colonography.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.25430
Dual phase pancreatic CT has been the traditional work horse for evaluation of pancreatic masses. Ben Kipper, MD discusses a paper examining an additional “delayed” phase to enhance the sensitivity and detection of small pancreatic adenocarcinomas.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25499
Jordan Perchik, MD discusses a new study in which a team of radiologists attempt to detail imaging findings that can identify patients with interstitial lung disease who are at high risk of developing acute exacerbation after thoracic surgery. Several promising metrics are described however the close overlap between the statistically significant values leads to a broader discussion of statistical significance versus practical application.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25554
Yoon-Jin Kim, MD discusses a study identifying imaging findings of lateral meniscus posterior root tear on pre-operative MRI in children. Imaging findings generally having a high specificity put low sensitivity with tears of the root proper having the best accuracy for identifying root tears when arthroscopy reports are used at the reference standard.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.21.25651
Jeff Guccione, MD discusses an article has potential implications for future guidelines in how to manage axillary adenopathy following vaccination.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.25417
For patients who have undergone prior lumpectomy for localized breast cancer, no clear guidelines exist regarding use of diagnostic or screening mammography for post-lumpectomy imaging surveillance. Amber Liles, MD, MPH dives into a recently published article which seeks to answer this research question.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.25437
The triangular fibrocartilage complex is a structure which is often associated with ulnar sided wrist pain. Injuries to this structure can result in displaced tears which have a characteristic appearance. Shrey Patel, MD discusses a new AJR article that describes characteristic MRI findings and the frequency of this injury.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.25315
Giuseppe V. Toia, MD reviews a retrospective study exploring prognostic factors for patients with chemorefractory metastatic colorectal cancer treated with Y-90 radioembolization. The study emphasizes primary tumor location as a predictor of overall survival.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.25207
Shrav Sridhar MD, discusses a retrospective study in which target-specific prostate cancer detection rate in a cohort of patients who underwent in-bore MRI biopsy was compared to the rate in a cohort of patients who underwent ultrasound-MRI fusion-guided biopsy.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24918
Frederic J. Bertino, MD discusses a recent AJR article that investigates how to optimize the cores samples for in-gantry prostate MRI biopsy. It is suggested by this retrospective study that three cores from the dominant lesion achieves the “sweet spot” in balancing significant cancer detection and reducing anesthesia and procedure time. Study limitations and future directions are discussed.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24874
Pei-Kang Wei, MD and Cinthia Cruz-Romero, MD discuss the importance of ultrasound as a reliable and affordable method to evaluate fatty liver and the applicability of ultrasound to evaluate fatty liver in various patient populations, both in children and adult.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24224
Kalen Riley, MD discusses a new AJR article in which the authors believe TI-RADS should be accounting for nodule location and that a revision to the scoring system should be considered.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.25124
Incidental infectious or inflammatory findings are commonly identified by lung cancer screening computed tomography but determine whether findings have little or no clinical consequence and which are significant enough to require further work-up is not always clear. Kerem Ozturk, MD discusses how adoption of a conservative management algorithm can standardize recommendations and reduce unnecessary imaging without increasing the risk of missing a malignancy.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24708
David Ballard, MD discusses an important contribution to the literature in assessing the ongoing debate of conventional vs. drug eluting bead transarterial chemoembolization.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.25210
Identifying primary pain generators with lumbar spine MRI can be a challenging task. Adequate patient symptom information is often lacking and its absence may allow radiologists astray in their own interpretations. Drew Guino, MD discusses the development of a patient symptom questionnaire appears to address this very issue, however.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24509
David Robinson, MD discusses an AJR pilot study exploring 18F-Fluciclovine PET/MRI for initial staging of prostate cancer and the effects of androgen deprivation therapy on 18F-Fluciclovine uptake.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24264
Giuseppe V. Toia, MD reviews a timely meta-analysis which defines the normal reference ranges for MRI-derived left ventricular strain in healthy adults.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24758
Kerem Ozturk, MD discusses why awareness of early chest CT findings is required for early detection and accurate diagnosis of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy-related adverse events such as pneumonitis, new consolidation, worsening thoracic tumor burden, pleural/pericardial effusion, and pulmonary emboli in the emergency department.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24536
Tyler Richards, MD discusses an AJR article that found no significant increase in the intrinsic T1 signal in the globus pallidus and dentate nucleus after more than 10 administrations of gadobutrol in pediatric patients compared to matched-age gadolinium naïve control and discussion of similar imaging based and autopsy studies.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24801
In this podcast, Pei-Kang (Ken) Wei, MD and Diana Litmanovich, MD first summarized the study by Reeves et al. and then provided an in-depth discussion about the current status and future direction of utilizing chest radiograph as a guiding tool for clinical management. Key aspects of the discussion are the practicality and applicability of the scoring system developed by Reeves et al., chest radiograph as a more desirable modality for evaluating patients with COVID-19 compared to CT, and chest radiograph as an outcome predictor.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24364
While the primary manifestations of COVID-19 are respiratory in nature—it has become clear as we take care of patients and learn more that COVID can have an effect on the nervous system. On this podcast, Edgar Perez, MD discusses MRI findings of COVID related-Disseminated Leukoencephalaopathy, which should remain an important differential consideration in COVID patients with neurologic manifestations.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24374
Wire localization has long been the standard of care for localization of non-palpable breast lesions. Additional wireless localization options exist, including use of radioactive seeds, magnetic markers, radar/infrared reflectors, or most recently a radiofrequency identification tags, which address some of the disadvantages involved in wire localization. Matthew Petterson, MD discusses results an AJR study of one year of use at a single institution that suggests that RF tag localization is a feasible alternative to wire localization.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24567
Patients with borderline resectable and locally advanced pancreatic cancer receiving neoadjuvant therapy can have results comparable to patients with resectable tumor at presentation, however some patients have early recurrence after neoadjuvant therapy and resection. Jordan Perchik, MD discusses a new AJR study in which a team of radiologists evaluate multiple imaging parameters and tumor metrics to assess for characteristics to predict pathologic response prior to resection.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24636
Michael Nellamattathil, DO discusses whether or not enteric contrast is necessary in the setting of penetrating traumatic injury in light of a recent AJR article on the subject.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.20.24117
Percutaneous interventions are the mainstay for patients with non-operative HCC. This podcast by Ben Kipper, MD examines a paper comparing outcomes between thermal ablation and stereotactic body radiation therapy following transarterial chemoembolization and how those outcomes might affect clinical treatment plans going forward.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.23935
Architectural distortion is a subtle but suspicious finding increasingly detected using digital breast tomosynthesis. Alicia Chen, MD discusses a timely meta-analysis by Dr. Choudhery and colleagues that found the pooled positive predictive value for AD without a known cause on DBT is 35%, the great majority of which represents invasive disease. This finding warrants tissue sampling.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.20.24120
In this episode, Yoon-Jin Kim, MD discusses a study evaluating the diagnostic yield of ultrasound guided percutaneous biopsy of small pleural lesions. Important findings include that the technique is safe and fairly high yield for lesions 20 mm or less and that features such as nodular.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24370
Jeff Guccione, MD discusses a new article comparing atypical BPH prostatic nodules in the problematic prostate transition zone to traditional PI-RADS 3 lesions using PI-RADS version 2.1. All nodules contain pathologic confirmation from biopsy.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.23903
Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) is the standard of care in cardiac imaging for patients with suspected cardioembolic stroke. In this podcast, Amber Liles, MD discusses how cardiac MRI and cardiac CT angiography perform in comparison to TTE in terms of prediction of stroke recurrence.
Article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.23953
Shrey Patel, MD discusses a new AJR article on whether using an unconventional DWI technique, readout-segmented echo-planar imaging, can improve image quality and differentiate disease activity in patients with axial spondyloarthritis.
Article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.23656
In this episode, David Ballard, MD summarizes Bosniak version 2019 (v2019) and Tse et al.’s imaging cohort with study radiologists applying Bosniak v2019.
Article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24415
Shrav Sridhar, MD discusses a retrospective study in which automated volumetric segmentation-assisted hepatic parenchymal attenuation measurement was performed on contrast-enhanced and unenhanced abdominal CT scans of a cohort of healthy adults to investigate the possibility of stratifying liver fat content on contrast-enhanced CT.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24245
Incidentally detected renal masses are common, and can require follow-up. Recommendations from the 2017 ACR white paper on incidental renal masses suggests that small homogeneous masses measuring less than 20 Hounsfield units are probably benign, and do not require further characterization. However, new evidence from a multi-institutional study in AJR suggests that this cutoff should be raised to at least 30 Hounsfield units. In this episode, Matthew Petterson, MD discusses the new evidence.
Frederic J. Bertino, MD reviews a new AJR study in which the authors attempt to compare the clinical efficacy and technical feasibility of Splenic vein stenting and splenic artery embolization (the current standard) for the treatment of SPH.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.23859
The addition of clinical information and verified cartilage damage progression on MRI may represent a new standard in determining progression of knee osteoarthritis. Drew Gunio, MD, MS discusses a new AJR article on why 2.5 mm may now be the new number to consider when reporting medial meniscal extrusion.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/10.2214/AJR.20.23864
Can HU reliably differentiate any benign sclerotic bone lesion (not just bone islands) from sclerotic metastases? David Robinson, MD explores the topic through the lens of a new AJR article on the subject.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.24029
Jordan Perchik, MD discusses a new AJR study in which a team of breast imaging radiologists determine if case review and a targeted educational session can improve detection of microinvasive disease on mammography. The authors describe patterns key to upstaging DCIS and address the difficulty and limitations of detecting microinvasive disease.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.23679
In this podcast, Edgar Perez, MD reviews new AJR data on how ablation fares in the morbidly obese demographic. Additionally, this podcast may help facilitate discussions about expectations, safety, efficacy, and complications during consultations with morbidly obese patients.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.23803
Michael Nellamattathil, MD analyzes and reviews a recent AJR article on the various factors contributing to anesthesia time and exposure in pediatric patients undergoing MRI examinations and what can be done to improve these measures.
Article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.23601
Jeffrey Guccione, MD highlights the keys points of a new AJR article, which retrospectively compares the imaging features on CT of coronavirus pneumonia and influenza. The importance of this research is put into the broader context of the evolving COVID-19 pandemic, including the possibility for concurrent outbreaks of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza. The strengths and weaknesses are outlined along with some future avenues for investigation.
Article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.20.23304
COVID 19 has been shown to affect a variety of organ systems. In this podcast, Ben Kipper, MD examines the association between stroke subtypes and COVID-19 as well as the effect that association may have on clinicians and radiologists.
Article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.23847
On this episode, Alicia Chen, MD takes a closer look at a very timely new AJR article titled, “Lung US Findings in Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) Patients” by Yao Zhang and colleagues from Beijing Ditan Hospital and Peking University Third Hospital. Compared to CT, ultrasound is portable, less costly, and does not use radiation. These characteristics suggest ultrasound could be particularly useful tool for triage, particularly in the pre-hospital/outpatient setting, and severity stratification and monitoring, particularly of critically ill patients who may be challenging to transport and require careful ventilation management. This study demonstrates that lung ultrasound has a high sensitivity for COVID-19 pneumonia in moderate and severe disease and that sonographic findings can suggest infection length and severity. Ultrasound is a promising adjunct modality for COVID-19 management.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.20.23513
In this episode, Yoon-Jin Kim, MD, discusses a study evaluating factors associated with background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) on contrast-enhanced mammography. The findings are important as BPE impacts study interpretation and high BPE may be an independent breast cancer risk factor. The study findings are valuable for physicians currently interpreting this emerging breast imaging modality and those considering integrating it into their own clinical practice.
Full article: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.19.22353
Metabolic syndrome is typically thought of as a clinical disease. In this podcast, Shrey Patel explores reevaluating the role of imaging in identifying and potentially diagnosing patients at risk for metabolic syndrome by using CT biomarkers.
Shravan Sridhar, MD, MS discusses his study in AJR that provides a retrospective review of patients with abnormal renal uptake Technicium 99m MDP bone scans in which the causes of abnormal renal uptake, imaging follow up, and interventions are assessed. The study identifies several different conditions responsible for abnormal uptake, ranging in levels of clinical significance and degree of actionability. This study underscores the importance of careful assessment of the kidneys on whole body bone scan.
Compared to other guidelines, ACR TI-RADS results in a decreased number of thyroid nodules which are either followed or given a recommendation of fine needle aspiration (FNA). Find out on this podcast hosted by Amber Liles, MD, MPH, what thyroid malignancies are missed and why and how changes in size thresholds might affect ACR TI-RADS performance and outcomes.
For more on this read the new AJR article "Analysis of Malignant Thyroid Nodules That Do Not Meet American College Of Radiology Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System Criteria for Fine Needle Aspiration"
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.20.23123
Although the clinical symptoms of pediatric COVID-19 pneumonia may be non-specific, some characteristic imaging findings have emerged or are currently emerging. This presentation focuses on chest imaging in pediatric patients with COVID-19 infection including characteristic chest imaging findings and imaging recommendations. After listening to this podcast, participants will have up-to-date knowledge on imaging findings and optimal imaging management of pediatric patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
For more on this, read Alexandra Foust and Edward Y. Lee's article in AJR: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.20.23267
Vaping associated lung injury exploded into a public health crisis in 2019 in the United States and the introduction of a new term into the medical lexicon – EVALI. This episode briefly explores the history of vaping, the authors’ experiences that led to this manuscript, and an update on what has changed since we first went to publication.
For more on this, read Travis Henry's article in the March issue of AJR: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.19.22251
Lymph node staging in patients with invasive breast cancer and preoperative imaging of the axilla plays are essential for preoperative staging. Unlike many other areas of the body, it is the node morphology rather than size that is most revealing. Ultrasound not only allows visualization of nodes but also enables image guided biopsy. Accurate identification of axillary adenopathy can prevent unnecessary sentinel lymph node biopsy.
In this episode, Wei T. Yang reviews various imaging techniques and features for optimal management.
For more on this topic, read this article from February's issue of AJR: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.19.22022
As healthcare moves into a new era of increasing information vulnerability, radiologists should understand that they may be using systems exposed to altered data or data that contains malicious elements. This podcast explains the vulnerabilities of DICOM images and discusses requirements to properly secure these images from cyberattacks.
For more on this topic, read Benoit Desjardins' article from the January issue of AJR.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/abs/10.2214/AJR.19.21958
Erin F. Alaia provides an overview of stener-like lesions of the superficial medial collateral ligament of the knee and MRI features associated with this injury pattern.
You can read more in December's issue of AJR. https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.19.21535
Donna Blankenbaker, Miriam Bredella, and Tetyana Gorbachova discuss the nomenclature of nonneoplastic conditions affecting subchondral bone through a review of the medical literature and expert opinion of the Society of Skeletal Radiology Subchondral Bone Nomenclature Committee.
Read the accompanying article here: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.19.21571
Julia Crim discusses the correlation of radiography findings with findings of gross and microscopic histopathologic analysis to assess the usefulness of radiography in preoperative assessment for hip arthroplasty.
Read the accompanying article here: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.19.21277
Naveen Subhas discusses the current role of dual-energy CT in musculoskeletal imaging primarily focusing on nongout entities, including evaluation of bone marrow edema, bone tumors, as well as reducing metal artifact.
Read the accompanying article here: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.19.21095
Brian Chan discusses how image-guided injections targeted to the symptomatic ossicle can confirm suspected diagnoses and predict therapeutic outcomes before surgical intervention.
Read the accompanying article here: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.18.20761
Increasing reliance on MRI for the evaluation of sacroiliitis requires that radiologists be familiar with the normal appearance of the developing sacroiliac joint. In this episode, Nancy Chauvin describes age-related MRI features of the sacroiliac joints in healthy children.
Read the accompanying article here: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.18.20708
A discussion about the least arthritic or technically most straightforward joint injection when a fluoroscopically guided therapeutic injection is ordered for the second and third tarsometarsal joint, the naviculocuneiform joint, or both.
For more on this, read Barry G. Hansford's article in AJR.
https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.18.20347
How to determine the most accurate imaging techniques to measure glenoid bone loss in anterior glenohumeral instability through a systematic review of existing literature.
For more on this, read Soterios Gyftopoulos's article in AJR. https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.18.20504
Tony Wong discusses his study on how to determine whether ulnar collateral ligament insertion below the articular margin exists in the pediatric population and whether MRI features can be used to identify insertional UCL injuries in overhead athletes that are symptomatic or require surgery.
Read the accompanying article here: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.18.20474
Contrast material often extends from the radiocarpal joint into the proximal soft tissues adjacent to the ulnar aspect of the ulnar styloid during single-compartment radiocarpal joint MR arthrography of the wrist. Jack Porrino discusses his recent study that hypothesized this is a common finding unrelated to symptoms or examination technique.
Read the accompanying article here: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.18.20304
Matthew Bucknor discusses his study in AJR that identifies clinical factors and radiographic characteristics associated with positive culture results from bone biopsy in cases of suspected osteomyelitis.
Read the accompanying article here: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.18.20125
Eric Chang discusses his study on features seen at shoulder MR arthrography that distinguish between iatrogenic contrast material extravasation and inferior glenohumeral ligament complex tears.
Read the accompanying article here: https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.18.20090
Nathalie J. Bureau discusses her article on the MRI findings and prevalence of supraspinatus myotendinous injuries.
Read the accompanying article here. https://www.ajronline.org/doi/full/10.2214/AJR.18.19776