Coach Noah Talks: Recent Episodes

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• 1:06 - Academic and Professional Journey: Dr. Cooke discusses his background in sports science, performance psychology, and psychophysiology, including his current roles and research interests​​.

• 2:13 - Defining Psychophysiology: Dr. Cooke explains psychophysiology as the study of interactions between psychological and physiological processes, using tools like brainwave and cardiac activity measurements​​.

• 3:02 - Mechanisms Underpinning Performance: Dr. Cooke provides an example of how psychological feelings of pressure can manifest physiologically and impact performance​​.

• 4:08 - Causes of Performance Breakdown: Dr. Cooke outlines pathways such as overthinking, loss of attentional control, and appraisals, and how they affect performance​​.

• 6:00 - Attentional Pathways and Ironic Processes: Dr. Cooke discusses attentional pathways and the impact of fixating on specific threats during performance​​.

• 8:01 - Research on Pressure and Performance: Dr. Cooke introduces his study on isolated pressure conditions and their different psychophysiological and behavioral responses​​.

• 9:00 - Study on Isolated Pressure Conditions: Dr. Cooke details a study with novice golfers testing various isolated pressure conditions and measuring their psychophysiological responses​​.

• 13:20 - Key Findings on Pressure Conditions: Dr. Cooke shares that traditional pressure conditions generally improved performance, while demand-based pressures had adverse effects​​.

• 16:30 - Impact on High-Level Athletes: Dr. Cooke discusses how these findings might translate to higher-level golfers and the need to magnify pressure conditions for experts​​.

• 18:42 - Neurofeedback Training: Dr. Cooke explains neurofeedback as a technique to help individuals self-regulate brain activity and improve performance​​.

• 23:02 - Neurofeedback Study on Conscious Motor Control: Dr. Cooke describes a study on neurofeedback training to decrease conscious motor control and its implications for performance​​.

• 31:16 - State and Future of Neurofeedback: Dr. Cooke discusses the potential and challenges of neurofeedback in high-performance sports and the importance of individualized approaches​​.

• 34:32 - Unilateral Hand Contractions: Dr. Cooke explains unilateral hand contractions as a technique to influence brain hemisphere dominance and improve performance​​.

• 37:42 - Golf Putting Study on Hand Contractions: Dr. Cooke discusses a study on pre-performance unilateral hand contractions and their subtle impact on performance​​.

• 41:42 - Practical Implications for Golfers: Dr. Cooke emphasizes self-awareness and individualized strategies for athletes and coaches, suggesting various psychological techniques​​.

• 44:10 - Balancing Technical and Psychological Training: Dr. Cooke advises focusing on technical aspects alongside psychological strategies for both novice and expert golfers​​.

• 47:04 - Reflecting on Performance: Dr. Cooke highlights the importance of reflecting on performance to identify patterns and tailor strategies​​.

• 48:01 - Conclusion and Final Thoughts: Dr. Cooke reiterates the importance of self-awareness and tailored psychological strategies, expressing excitement for future research​​.

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: Skill Acquisition in Sport

Book Recommendation #2: Handbook of Sport Psychology

Book Recommendation #3: Methods in Social Neuroscience

Book Recommendation #4: Bounce: The Myth of Talent and the Power of Practice

Paper #1: Some pressures are more equal than others: Effects of isolated pressure on performance

Paper #2: Electroencephalographic neurofeedback training can decrease conscious motor control and increase single and dual-task psychomotor performance

Paper #3: The effects of pre-performance unilateral hand contraction protocols on cognitive verbal processes during a golf putting task

Dr. Andrew Cooke’s Google Scholar Page - Link

Institute for the Psychology of Elite Performance (IPEP) - Link

Bangor University School of Psychology and Sport Science - Link

Bangor University Performance Psychology Online Course - Link

About Dr. Andrew Cooke

Dr. Andrew Cooke is a lecturer conducting research in Psychophysiology, Sport Psychology, and Skill Acquisition. He is particularly interested in understanding the mechanisms that underpin human performance and psychophysiological interventions to enhance performance (e.g., brain training). He works with a number of high-profile organizations in sport, business, and health. Dr. Cooke is a member of the Institute for the Psychology of Elite Performance (IPEP) and leads the Psychophysiology of Performance Laboratory (POP-Lab).

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• 1:00 - Background and Sports Journey: Dr. Altini shares his academic journey in computer science, engineering, and data science, alongside his personal transition into endurance sports​​.

• 3:31 - Defining HRV and How It Differs from Heart Rate: Understanding HRV as the variation in time between consecutive heartbeats, which reflects the autonomic nervous system's response to stress​​.

• 8:10 - Clarifying Common HRV Myths: Dr. Altini dispels misconceptions such as the importance of absolute HRV values and the notion that higher HRV is always better​​.

• 11:40 - Making the Case for HRV: Despite limitations, HRV provides unique insights into the body's stress response, which can inform training and lifestyle adjustments​​.

• 14:10 - HRV in Free-Living Analysis: Large-scale research reveals that HRV is a more sensitive marker of stress than resting heart rate, and different stressors elicit varying physiological responses​​.

• 18:45 - Validating Smartphone-Based HRV Measurement: Dr. Altini discusses how the HRV4Training app, using smartphone cameras, was proven to be as accurate as chest straps and ECGs​​.

• 21:55 - Practical HRV Monitoring with HRV4Training: The app helps athletes accurately measure HRV, providing actionable insights based solely on physiological data while allowing users to add context manually​​.

• 26:10 - Unique Features of HRV4Training: The app's focus on raw physiological data offers a clear distinction from competitors, who often combine behavioral data to produce composite scores​​.

• 32:50 - HRV in Night vs. Morning Measurements: Dr. Altini elaborates on the differences between night and morning measurements and how HRV trends vary due to circadian rhythms and sleep stages​​.

• 38:40 - HRV and Sleep Tracking Limitations: Despite advancements, wearable devices often lack accuracy in estimating sleep stages, emphasizing the importance of skepticism​​.

• 43:30 - Spot Check vs. Continuous Monitoring: Dr. Altini warns against overinterpreting continuous HRV monitoring due to potential misinterpretation of data, recommending periodic spot checks instead​​.

• 46:00 - HRV-Guided Training: Dr. Altini explains how to implement HRV-guided training by adjusting intensity based on daily HRV measurements relative to one's normal range​​.

• 51:00 - HRV for Individual Athletes and Golfers: Coaches and individual athletes can use HRV trends over multiple tournaments and travel periods to identify patterns and refine performance strategies​​.

• 55:20 - Advice for Golfers Considering HRV Monitoring: Golfers can use HRV to manage travel stress, tournament phases, and performance consistency by identifying patterns in their physiological responses​​.

• 58:00 - Current Projects and Future Directions: Dr. Altini aims to improve communication around HRV while working on refining personalized feedback loops to optimize health and performance​​.

• 1:03:00 - Book Recommendations and Influences: Dr. Altini recommends Suggestible You by Erik Vance, highlighting its insights into the placebo effect and psychological influences on performance​

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: Suggestible You: The Curious Science of Your Brain's Ability to Deceive, Transform, and Heal

Book Chapter: How Data Can Capture Recovery: The Case for Heart Rate Variability

Paper #1: What Is behind Changes in Resting Heart Rate and Heart Rate Variability? A Large-Scale Analysis of Longitudinal Measurements Acquired in Free-Living

Paper #2: Comparison of Heart-Rate-Variability Recording With Smartphone Photoplethysmography, Polar H7 Chest Strap, and Electrocardiography

Paper #3: State of the science and recommendations for using wearable technology in sleep and circadian research

HRV4Training: https://www.hrv4training.com/

Personal Substack: marcoaltini.substack.com

HRV4Training Substack: hrv4training.substack.com

Twitter/X: https://twitter.com/altini_marco

About Dr. Marco Altini

Dr. Marco Altini is a scientist and developer specializing in health technology and performance, holding a Ph.D. cum laude in Data Science, an MSc cum laude in Computer Science Engineering, and an MSc cum laude in Human Movement Sciences with a focus on High-Performance Coaching. As the founder of HRV4Training, he created a pioneering mobile platform trusted by over 150,000 users, including Olympic medalists and professional teams, to monitor heart rate variability (HRV) and manage training stress. Dr. Altini also serves as a Data Science Advisor at Oura, Guest Lecturer at Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, and Editor of the Wearable Department at IEEE Pervasive Computing Magazine. With over 10 years of experience modeling physiological data and more than 50 publications at the intersection of technology, health, and performance, he is passionate about empowering athletes and health enthusiasts to make data-informed decisions.

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• 0:35 - From the Court to Academia: Dr. Kegelaers shares his journey from basketball to sports psychology.

• 2:10 - Defining Resilience in High Performance: A closer look at what resilience means for athletes and performers.

• 3:00 - Resilience: A Dynamic Process: Exploring the shift in understanding resilience from a fixed trait to a dynamic process.

• 4:15 - Resilience vs. Grit and Toughness: Distinguishing resilience from similar concepts

• 8:15 - The Research Challenge: Discussing the limitations of current research methods in studying resilience.

• 11:10 - From Theory to Practice: How insights from resilience research can inform coaching and training strategies.

• 13:20 - Building Resilient Athletes: Practical approaches and the role of the environment in developing resilience.

• 19:20 - Three Pillars of Resilience in Golf: Delving into robust, rebound, and reintegration resilience and their applications in golf.

• 25:40 - Mastering Pressure Training: An in-depth look at pressure training and its benefits for athletes.

• 32:45 - Crafting Effective Pressure Training: Key considerations for designing pressure training sessions that are both effective and safe.

• 42:50 - The Future of Pressure Training: Exploring the potential of virtual reality and other technologies in training under pressure.

• 43:55 - Book Recommendations: Dr. Kegelaers shares impactful books that have influenced his work.

• 45:10 - Current Projects: Insight into Dr. Kegelaers’ current projects on mental health in sports and esports.

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: Black Box Thinking: Why Most People Never Learn from Their Mistakes - But Some Do

Paper #1: Are we really studying resilience in sport? A critical review of adopted methodologies

Book Chapter: Developing Resilience For Golf Performance

Paper #2: Pressure Makes Diamonds?: A Narrative Review on the Application of Pressure Training in High-Performance Sports

About Dr. Jolan Kegelaers

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1:17 - Michael Neff's journey from aspiring dentist to PGA professional and GEARS founder.

3:42 - Development of GEARS and its significance in combining club fitting with instruction, and the technology behind GEARS

14:17 - Challenges and Achievements with GEARS technology, its scalability, and the impact on golf instruction and fitting

19:22 - Comparison with Other Technologies like markerless motion capture and the accuracy of GEARS in capturing detailed club and body data

27:12 - The Importance of Accurate Data in golf instruction and how GEARS addresses this need

38:57 - Specific Metrics that Differentiate Elite Golfers from non-elite golfers, based on GEARS data analysis

44:52 - Case study: Enhancing Ricky Fowler's performance through GEARS adjustments.

1:09:07 - Advice for Players and Coaches: Emphasizing the importance of understanding club and swing interaction, and being open to technology and data for improvement

1:19:47 - How Michael Neff's perspective on swing models and golf instruction has evolved over time

Resources

GEARS Website - Link

About Michael Neff

Michael Neff is a PGA Professional and the founder of GEARS, a golf motion analysis and body tracking system. His contributions to the sport were recognized when he was awarded the 2021 Pacific Northwest PGA Teacher of the Year. Having worked with numerous PGA Tour players, Michael Neff has cemented his reputation as a leading figure in golf instruction and technology, continually pushing the boundaries to enhance the way golf is played and taught.

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1:26 — Professional Background

2:55 — Paper #1 Discussion - Neurofeedback Training

21:31 — Paper #2 Discussion - Neural Efficiency

27:44 — Pressure Training

39:43 — Trends and Limitations of Neurofeedback

43:42 — Paper #3 Discussion - Neurofeedback Training

47:13 — Paper #4 Discussion - Cognitive Workload & Neural Efficiency

49:25 — Recommendations For Coaches and Players

51:26 — What’s Something You’ve Changed Your Mind About Over Your Career?

53:56 — Book Recommendations

55:05 — Current Projects

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: Harry Potter

Book Recommendation #2: Human Performance

Book Recommendation #3: The Diving Bell and the Butterfly

Book Recommendation #4: Projections: A Story of Human Emotions

Book Recommendation #5: Breath: The New Science of a Lost Art

Paper #1: Effect of a single session of sensorimotor rhythm neurofeedback training on the putting performance of professional golfers

Paper #2: The Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience of Superior Athletic Performance

Paper #3: The Effect of Left Temporal EEG Neurofeedback Training on Cerebral Cortical Activity and Precision Cognitive-Motor Performance

Paper #4: Effect of cognitive workload on momentum and neural efficiency in a golf putting task

About Kiersten Janjigian

Kiersten is a Certified Mental Performance Consultant and professor of Sport Psychology at George Washington University. While she works with both high-performance clients and students, she is also completing her doctorate at the University of Maryland College Park pursuing a degree in Kinesiology with a specialization in Cognitive Motor Neuroscience. Her research primarily focuses on the psychophysiological investigation of applied sport psychology, along with the study of diagnosis and treatment of sport-related concussion. She seeks to explore the neural correlates of mental imagery and other psychological skills training tools to implement in neurofeedback and hopes to create a unique neuroelectric assessment of stress en route to enhanced athletic performance.

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Optimize Your Practice Environment

Elite players all want to be able to achieve their best. But often they don't have an environment that's conducive to allowing them to be successful.

Document Your Pre-Round Routine

Players don't document their pre-round routine enough. You want to refine the “recipe” to a point where it becomes perfect for you.

Why Do You Go To The Range?

Are you going to the range to get better or to feel better? If you truly want to get better, you generally will need to measure.

Planning Is Key To Optimizing Practice

It's amazing what happens when your measure of success is predetermined before you go out and practice.

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1:12 — Professional Background

3:29 — What is Strokes Gained?

15:09 — What is Circles?

26:30 — Tournament Preparation

36:34 — Dispersion Patterns & Tournament Preparation

40:51 — The ‘Rule of Thirds’ During Practice

45:27 — Most Common Mistakes Golfers Make During Practice and Preparation

1:05:22 — Discussion Documents & The Importance of Reflection

1:13:09 — What Craig Does With Players During In-Person Leading Up To Tournaments

1:15:51 — Most Common Mistakes Aspiring Professionals & Mini-Tour Players Make

1:18:46 — What’s Something You’ve Changed Your Mind About Over Your Career?

1:21:18 — Book Recommendations

1:22:17 — Current Projects

Resources

Circles - Link

Book Recommendation #1: Bounce: The Myth of Talent and the Power of Practice

Book Recommendation #2: Letters from a Stoic

Book Recommendation #3: How to Win Friends & Influence People

About Craig Dixon

Craig Dixon is a visionary in the realm of golf performance optimization and data analysis. As a PGA member and a specialist in high-performance analytics, Craig has established himself as a trusted authority in the world of golf. With an unrivaled understanding of big data and its implications for athletic excellence, he has become a sought-after consultant for some of the most esteemed organizations and athletes in golf.

Craig's expertise extends across a vast array of domains, encompassing the PGA Tour, LPGA, LIV Golf, DP World Tour, JLPGA, Olympic athletes, national and NCAA teams, PGA Associations, and even the world's top-ranked players. His wealth of experience working with such esteemed entities has solidified his position as one of the leading figure in his field.

At the core of Craig's practice lies his passion for performance optimization. Through meticulous analysis and comprehensive evaluation of players' on-course performance, he dedicates himself to deriving invaluable insights that unlock the true potential of each athlete. His mission is to guide players on their journey toward achieving their goals, all while minimizing the time and effort required.

By leveraging the power of cutting-edge technology and sophisticated data analytics (Circles), Craig illuminates the path to peak performance, helping players design training regimens tailored to their unique strengths and weaknesses. With his guidance, athletes can optimize their preparation, ensuring they are primed to deliver their best performances when it matters most.

In a world where excellence is defined by fractions of a stroke or the smallest of margins, Craig Dixon stands as a beacon of knowledge and expertise. His unrivaled ability to identify areas for improvement, strategize training approaches, and streamline the path to success has made him an indispensable asset to golfers worldwide.

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0:42 — Professional Background

2:55 — Paper #1 Discussion - Internal vs. External Focus

20:19 — Paper #2 Discussion - Self-Controller Practice

32:57 — Paper #3 Discussion - Learner Feedback

51:19 — General advice to Golfers and Coaches

53:46 — What’s Something You’ve Changed Your Mind About Over Your Career?

1:01:33 — Book Recommendations

1:05:24 — Current Projects

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: Antifragile: Things That Gain from Disorder

Paper #1: Reporting bias not external focus: A robust Bayesian meta-analysis of the attentional focus literature

Paper #2: The combination of reporting bias and underpowered study designs has substantially exaggerated the motor learning benefits of self-controlled practice and enhanced expectancies: a meta-analysis

Paper #3: Meta-analysis of the reduced feedback frequency effect on motor learning and performance

About Dr. Brad McKay

Google Scholar: Link

Brad McKay is the Senior Strategist – Training Design for the Milwaukee Brewers Baseball Club. He collaborates with coaches, analysts, and sport scientists to enhance the development and performance of Brewers players.

His academic background began with an Honour’s degree in Psychology from St. Thomas University in his hometown of Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada. He then completed his Master of Science degree in Kinesiology at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas, supervised by Dr. Gabriele Wulf. His doctorate was earned in Human Kinetics at the University of Ottawa, supervised by Dr. Diane Ste-Marie. Prior to joining the Brewers, Brad was a Postdoctoral Fellow at McMaster University, working in Dr. Michael Carter’s Metascience, Action, and Cognition laboratory.

His research focuses on the metascience of motor learning and performance, in particular understanding the evidential basis underpinning the field’s most import phenomena, as well as the systemic issues that undermine the accumulation of knowledge.

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1:24 — Professional Background

4:11 — Challenge Point Framework

7:16 — Difference Between Performance and Learning

9:23 — Three Zones of Learning

16:05 — Skill Transfer

29:05 — Three Different Types of Practice

35:07 — Commonly Overlooked Aspect of Deliberate Practice

40:03 — 5 Common Myths of Coaching

47:58 — 5 Keys to Facilitate Optimal Skill Learning

50:41 — Recommendations For Golfers/Coaches

53:46 — What’s Something You’ve Changed Your Mind About Over Your Career?

56:07 — Book Recommendations

57:27 — Current Projects

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: Thinking, Fast and Slow

Paper #1: An extended challenge-based framework for practice design in sports coaching

Paper #2: Effective practice and instruction: A skill acquisition framework for excellence

About Dr. Nicola Hodges

Google Scholar: Link

Dr Nicola Hodges runs the Motor Skills Lab in Kinesiology at UBC, in Vancouver Canada, which is on the unceded territories of the Musqueam, Squamish and Tsleil-Waututh Nations.

It is here she studies anything to do with practice and the processes underpinning motor skill performance and learning. She conducts laboratory experiments with new learners to determine how and why various practice variables (such as instruction, demonstrations, feedback, order of practice) impact motor learning, as well as studying skilled performance and the developmental activities that are best predictors of expertise. She has a particular interest in processes involved in action observation; including the anticipation of action outcomes in sport-related contexts, how people learn from watching others, and how people “share” practice and impact skill acquisition processes when practising together.

She has co-authored the popular book (now in its third edition), Skill acquisition in Sport: Research, Theory and Practice (Routledge) and she has close to 150 published journal articles and chapters on topics related to the study of motor learning and motor control more broadly. She has received funding for her research from the three major government funding agencies in Canada and is very grateful for continued support.

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0:54 — Personal & Professional Background

5:07 — What is Resilience and Why is it Important in Sport?

6:47 — Resilience Framework Overview

20:53 — Practical Recommendations For Coaches/Athletes

29:09 — The Importance of an Athlete’s Environment

31:57 — Practical Recommendations For Coaches/Athletes #2

35:44 — Common Mistakes Made During Goal-Setting

36:38 — SMART Goal-Setting Framework

41:55 — Three Main Types of Goals

46:49 — Example of SMART Goals in Golf

52:01 — SMART Open Goals

55:31 — The Role of Self-Compassion and Perfectionism in Goal-Setting

58:47 — Key Takeaways From Discussion on Goal-Setting

1:05:54 — What’s Something You’ve Changed Your Mind About Over Your Career?

1:08:51 — Book Recommendations

1:11:59 — Current Projects

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: Man’s Search For Meaning

Book Recommendation #2: Love's Executioner

Book Recommendation #3: Bad Science: Quacks, Hacks, and Big Pharma Flacks

Book Recommendation #4: Sport and Exercise Psychology: A Critical Introduction

Book Recommendation: #5: Foundations of Sport and Exercise Psychology

Book Recommendation #6: The Kite Runner

Paper #1: The sporting resilience model: A systematic review of resilience in sport performers

Paper #2: Set Goals to Get Goals: Sowing Seeds for Success in Sports

About Dr. Sahen Gupta

Google Scholar: Link

Dr Sahen Gupta is an applied psychologist trained under the BPS-HCPC route and Senior Lecturer in Applied Sport Psychology at University of Portsmouth. He divides his time between mental health support and high-performance striving to help individuals achieve a balance. He works with individuals in sport and other high-pressure professions for sustainable high performance. Dr Sahen's research interests are focused on the themes of resilience for mental health and performance, cultural sport psychology and applied field interventions in sport psychology. As a scientist-practitioner he draws upon his experience in the field to inform research for context-based evidence. Dr Sahen reads far too much, laughs as much as he can and learns too many things. He is the Founder of Discovery Sport & Performance Lab, a collective of global practice and cutting edge multicultural research. His leading scientific research and applied work have been published in international peer-reviewed journals, books and has been showcased in BBC and The Times. In his spare time, Dr Sahen writes a column for Telegraph India,called "Mind Games".

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1:54 — Personal & Professional Background

5:25 — Near vs. Far Transfer

10:09 - Linking Near Transfers Together

11:52 — Inspiration To Study Validity of Cognitive Training

14:58 — Key Findings of Cognitive Training Far Transfer Research

20:46 — Neurofeedback in Golf

22:03 — Recommendations When Adopting New Technology

29:06 — What is Augmented Feedback + What We (Don’t) Know About Effective Feedback?

34:36 — Over Reliance on External Feedback

38:19 — Recommendations For Golfers/Coaches on Feedback

40:13 — Practice for Confidence vs. Competence

45:05 — Insights Into Dr. Fransen’s Meta-Scientific Work

47:15 — Technique vs. Skill

50:56 — Contextual Interference

52:59 — Key Findings on Long-Term Athlete Development

1:00:18 — What’s Something You’ve Changed Your Mind About Over Your Career?

1:02:44 — Book Recommendations

1:06:22 — Current Projects

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: The Tyranny of Metrics

Book Recommendation #2: The forest through the trees

Paper #1: There is no evidence for a far transfer of cognitive training to sport performance

Paper #2: The effect of augmented feedback on the performance and learning of gross motor and sport-specific skills: A systematic review

Paper #3: Differences in physical fitness and gross motor coordination in boys aged 6–12 years specializing in one versus sampling more than one sport.

About Dr. Job Fransen

Contact Info: job.fransen@gmail.com

Google Scholar: Link

Job Fransen is a senior lecturer at CSU’s Port Macquarie campus who possesses a profound fascination with the intricacies of human learning, particularly the interplay between individual attributes and environmental factors in shaping movement. Job's extensive teaching portfolio spans diverse subjects such as skill acquisition, motor control, motor learning, and the cultivation of talent and expertise. He has extensive experience crafting tailor-made educational content for both industry and academic institutions. Job's dedication to pedagogy is underscored by a collection of teaching and learning accolades earned throughout his career, notably for fostering student self-discovery through non-linear pedagogy.

Job studies how experts and novices execute motor skills and make decisions within sports-related contexts. His contributions to the scientific literature include publications addressing talent identification and development programs in youth sports, the role of perceptual and cognitive abilities in sporting expertise development, and the evaluation and enhancement of collective behaviour. Job's most recent work adopts a meta-scientific perspective on skill acquisition literature, shedding new light on this complex domain.

Outside of academia, Job leads an international skill acquisition research group and a teaching and learning workgroup, fostering the exchange of innovative ideas in research and pedagogy. Notably, Job serves as an associate editor for Science and Medicine in Football and held an executive board position in the Australasian Skill Acquisition Network from 2018 to 2022.

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https://noahsachs.substack.com/p/henrik

Timestamp

1:20 — Personal & Professional Background

4:37 — Internal vs. External Focus

7:00 — Flaws In External vs. Internal Focus Research

13:16 — Key Findings of Focus of Attention Research

17:50 — Implications For Golfers and Coaches

19:23 — Cognitive Load & Mental Effort

24:08 — Key Findings of Cognitive Load & Mental Effort Research

28:55 — Impact of Distractions on Golfers

32:27 — Key Findings of Impact of Distractions on Golfers Research

35:55 — Impact of Dual Task on Golf Performance

41:41 — Current State of Research on Focus of Attention

43:34 — What’s Something You’ve Changed Your Mind About Over Your Career?

45:23 — Book Recommendations

48:07 — Current Projects

49:24 — Impact of Viktor Hovland on Norwegian Golf

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: Handbook of Embodied Cognition and Sport Psychology

Book Recommendation #2: Your Erroneous Zones

Book Recommendation #3: Eleven Rings: The Soul of Success

About Dr. Henrik Herrebrøden

Henrik Herrebrøden is a sport psychologist and researcher based in Oslo,Norway. For the last ten years, he has worked with athletes from a rangeof different sports. He recently completed his PhD in psychology at theUniversity of Oslo, where he investigated attention in elite athletes.He is currently an Assistant Professor at Kristiania University College.

ResearchGate: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Henrik-Herrebroden

Google Scholar: https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=no&user=RUzwMR0AAAAJ

Practitioner website: http://www.henrikh.no

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1:29 — Golf Background

4:01 — Diaphragmatic Breathing

11:10 — Biofeedback Training

12:49 — NTEL Belt

14:38 — Heart Rate Variability

16:49 — Impact of Stress on Performance

18:52 — Maintaining Energy Levels Through Deliberate Breathing

27:15 — Mental Challenges Professional Golfers Face

29:51 — Insights From The PGA TOUR

32:32 — Bryson DeChambeau & Neurofeedback Training

37:35 — Common Mistakes Golfers Make On The Golf Course

41:00 — Basic Guidelines For Proper Breathing Technique

45:22 — Importance of Nasal Breathing

46:39 — The Future of Biofeedback Training in Golf

51:44 — What Have You Learned From Being Around TOUR Players?

52:36 — What’s Something You’ve Changed Your Mind About Over Your Career?

55:18 — What’s The Biggest Mistake You Made Early in Your Career?

56:04 — Book Recommendations

Resources

NTEL Belt: Website

Book Recommendation #1: Breath: The New Science of a Lost Art

Book Recommendation #2: Perfectly Yourself: Discovering God's Dream for You

About Andy Matthews

Andy oversees all golf strategy and business development for Neuropeak Pro on all professional tours, with collegiate and national teams and elite amateurs from around the world. Andy says the most inspiring part of his job is having the opportunity to help individuals and teams who are already great at what they do find the competitive edge that can help them reach the next level.When he’s not working, Andy enjoys playing tournament golf – he is truly passionate about the game, and it shows in his work with our golfers. A surprising fact about Andy is that he is a certified pilot!

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1:26 — Academic & Professional Background

3:03 — Research Inspired by Tiger Woods Comment

4:24 — Dr. MacKenzie’s Background in Golf

6:54 — What is Variable Inertia Speed Training?

9:13 — How Was The Stack System Developed?

14:44 — How Mass, Center of Mass, and Moment of Inertia Relate to Speed Training?

21:52 — How is The Stack System different to SuperSpeed Sticks?

23:56 — How To Integrate The Stack System into a Workout Plan

27:05 — Biomechanics & Neuromechanics

28:58 — The Four Components That Determine Club Head Speed

37:17 — Clarifying The Meaning of “Work”, “Power”, and “Energy”

41:56 — Dr. MacKenzies Work With Matthew Fitzpatrick

43:21 — Swinging Faster With Less Effort

45:28 - Impact of Body Composition on Club Head Speed

48:31 — The Stack Putting System

55:04 — Common Mistakes Made When Pursuing More Club Head Speed

56:18 — Guidelines For Integrating Stack With Existing Workout Programs

58:43 — Insights Into Matthew Fitzpatrick’s Data Driven Approach to Golf

1:01:17 — What’s Something You’ve Changed Your Mind About?

1:02:56 — What’s a Mistake You Made Early In Your Career?

1:04:33 — Dr. MacKenzie’s Thoughts on Bryson DeChambeau’s Speed Training Approach

1:07:27 — Book Recommendations

The Stack System

The Stack System: Website

Resources

Dr. Sasho MacKenzie’s Publications - Website

Book Recommendation #1: Every Shot Counts

Book Recommendation #2: Search For The Perfect Swing

Book Recommendation #3: Thinking, Fast and Slow

Author Recommendation #1: John Feinstein

Author Recommendation #2: Richard Feyman

About Dr. Sasho MacKenzie

Golf’s foremost biomechanist, Dr. Sasho MacKenzie is the research practitioner behind the world’s top golf coaches - his work and theories have driven a scientific, evidence-based revolution in golf instruction and movement training.

Sasho’s area of expertise is the training and biomechanics of speed generation. The Stack System allows Sasho to share his research findings and training wisdom directly with you, using the same tools, techniques, and nuances that he uses to speed train Tour players he has consulted.

Sasho is an Engineering Consultant for PING and a Biomechanics Advisor and Software Developer for Footjoy. He has published over 20 golf related research articles in scientific peer-reviewed journals and has been invited to speak to golf instructors for the PGA of Australia, Great Britain & Ireland, Spain, and the French Golf Federation. In 2018, Dr. MacKenzie was the Key Note speaker at the World Scientific Congress of Golf. He is a regular contributor to Golf Magazine and has been a featured guest on countless other golf podcasts, international radio shows, and television episodes.

In addition to golf, Sasho has worked with multiple MLB teams as a biomechanics/bat fitting consultant – including the 2020 World Series Champions L.A. Dodgers.

Dr. MacKenzie is a professor of Sports Biomechanics at St. Francis Xavier University in Antigonish, Nova Scotia where he also puts his expertise into action, having won back-to-back club championships in 2020 and 2021.

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0:59 — Talent vs. Hard Work

4:26 — Deliberate Practice

7:25 — Effective Coach Communication

8:45 — Ideal Physical & Mental State Before Executing The Shot

13:13 — Bernhard Langer Putting Routine Story

19:39 — Quality vs. Quantity in Pre-Shot Routines

25:05 — Empathy in Coaching

27:23 — Book Recommendations

31:39 — Current Projects

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: Optimizing Performance in Golf

Book Recommendation #2: Why We Sleep

Book Recommendation #3: The Birth Order Book

Book Recommendation #4: Autobiography of a Yogi

Dr. van der Lei’s Website: Hourglass Performance Institute

Breathing Program: One With Breathing Program

About Dr. Harry van der Lei

Harry van der Lei was born in Groningen, Holland. He graduated in 1989 from the College of Physical Therapy in Holland and moved to the United States where he specialized in Sports Rehabilitation.

He earned a Master’s degree in Exercise and Sport Science, majoring in Sport Psychology, from the University of Utah in 2003. While at U of U, Harry worked as a sport physical therapist for the US Speed Skating Association.

Harry received a doctoral degree with a specialization in Sport Psychology from Florida State University where he served as a mental performance consultant for the Florida State University Men’s and Women’ Golf Program from 2003-2018.

Harry has worked as a sport physical therapist and as a mental performance expert with a wide variety of athletes, from amateurs to numerous world champions and Olympic gold winners. Currently, as a mental performance consultant, Harry specializes in golf performance and stress management.

As an athlete himself, Harry played amateur soccer in Holland, semi-professional soccer for the Orlando Lions in Florida, holds a black belt in Taekwondo, and has run several half and full marathons. Harry is a certified member of the Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback (AAPB) with a specialization in stress management. He also serves as a reviewer for the journal of Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback.

In general, Harry strives to help and teach others the principles of optimal performance, health, and well-being, while emphasizing the awareness of breathing in life!

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0:38 — Managing Stress & Inverted-U Theory

6:09 — Flow vs. The Zone

9:04 — Unique Challenges/Demands of Golf

16:04 — The Power of Breathing

26:33 — How Your Breath Influences Your Behavior

Resources

Hourglass Performance Institute

About Dr. Harry van der Lei

Harry van der Lei was born in Groningen, Holland. He graduated in 1989 from the College of Physical Therapy in Holland and moved to the United States where he specialized in Sports Rehabilitation.

He earned a Master’s degree in Exercise and Sport Science, majoring in Sport Psychology, from the University of Utah in 2003. While at U of U, Harry worked as a sport physical therapist for the US Speed Skating Association.

Harry received a doctoral degree with a specialization in Sport Psychology from Florida State University where he served as a mental performance consultant for the Florida State University Men’s and Women’ Golf Program from 2003-2018.

Harry has worked as a sport physical therapist and as a mental performance expert with a wide variety of athletes, from amateurs to numerous world champions and Olympic gold winners. Currently, as a mental performance consultant, Harry specializes in golf performance and stress management.

As an athlete himself, Harry played amateur soccer in Holland, semi-professional soccer for the Orlando Lions in Florida, holds a black belt in Taekwondo, and has run several half and full marathons. Harry is a certified member of the Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback (AAPB) with a specialization in stress management. He also serves as a reviewer for the journal of Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback.

In general, Harry strives to help and teach others the principles of optimal performance, health, and well-being, while emphasizing the awareness of breathing in life!

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1:26 — Academic & Professional Background

10:01 — Hour Glass Performance Model

16:20 — Athletic Performance Philosophy

19:26 — Performance Slumps & Performance Routines

24:08 — Managing Performance Stress

29:05 — Matt Kuchar & Tiger Woods’ Routines

Resources

Hour Glass Performance Institute

About Dr. Harry van der Lei

Harry van der Lei was born in Groningen, Holland. He graduated in 1989 from the College of Physical Therapy in Holland and moved to the United States where he specialized in Sports Rehabilitation.

He earned a Master’s degree in Exercise and Sport Science, majoring in Sport Psychology, from the University of Utah in 2003. While at U of U, Harry worked as a sport physical therapist for the US Speed Skating Association.

Harry received a doctoral degree with a specialization in Sport Psychology from Florida State University where he served as a mental performance consultant for the Florida State University Men’s and Women’ Golf Program from 2003-2018.

Harry has worked as a sport physical therapist and as a mental performance expert with a wide variety of athletes, from amateurs to numerous world champions and Olympic gold winners. Currently, as a mental performance consultant, Harry specializes in golf performance and stress management.

As an athlete himself, Harry played amateur soccer in Holland, semi-professional soccer for the Orlando Lions in Florida, holds a black belt in Taekwondo, and has run several half and full marathons. Harry is a certified member of the Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback (AAPB) with a specialization in stress management. He also serves as a reviewer for the journal of Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback.

In general, Harry strives to help and teach others the principles of optimal performance, health, and well-being, while emphasizing the awareness of breathing in life!

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0:29 — Complex Systems & Constraints-Led Approach

5:12 — Golf Example of Constraints-Led Approach

8:53 — Holistic Approach to Coaching

12:53 — Cognitive Fitness

15:39 — Periodization

21:53 — Barriers to Cognitive Fitness Training

23:32 — Consequences of Goals

26:43 — Common Mistakes & Recommendations

29:03 — What’s Something You’ve Changed Your Mind On?

31:36 — Book Recommendations

33:36 — Current Projects

Resources

Research Paper #1: Training or Synergizing? Complex Systems Principles Change the Understanding of Sport Processes

Research Paper #2: Cognitive Fitness Framework: Towards Assessing, Training and Augmenting Individual-Difference Factors Underpinning High-Performance Cognition

Book Recommendation #1: Thinking in Systems

Book Recommendation #2: Metaskills: Five Talents for the Robotic Age

Book Recommendation #3: Mastery

About Gary Stebbing

Gary Stebbing is based in the United Kingdom. His primary areas of interest are building and sustaining excellence, and human performance. He studied Sport & Exercise Science as an undergraduate and Performance Psychology as a post graduate, and has been a Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS) for 21 years.

He is the founder and principal of EVO-C, a thinking capabilities and world building consultancy.

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0:43 — Academic & Professional Background

1:59 — Experience as Professional Athlete

3:41 — Five Minds of Coaching

6:36 — Deep Generalist & Creativity

9:53 — The Disciplined Mind

11:02 — The Synthesizing Mind

15:13 — Understand The Reality of a Problem

19:06 — Assessments & Being a Deep Generalist

21:33 — Impact of Goals on Your Life

25:02 — The Respectful Mind

26:03 — The Ethical Mind

Resources

Research Article: The Five Minds of the Modern Strength and Conditioning Coach: The Challenges for Professional Development

Book: Five Minds for the Future

About Gary Stebbing

Gary Stebbing is based in the United Kingdom. His primary areas of interest are building and sustaining excellence, and human performance. He studied Sport & Exercise Science as an undergraduate and Performance Psychology as a post graduate, and has been a Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS) for 21 years.

He is the founder and principal of EVO-C, a thinking capabilities and world building consultancy.

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1:15 — Organizational Change

4:51 — Integrated Performance Model

7:48 — Book Recommendations

10:04 — Circular Model of Action

15:06 — Current Projects

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: Coherence by Dr. Alan Watkins

Book Recommendation #2: The Mental Athlete by Kay Porter

About Dr. Sebastian Brückner

Dr. Sebastian Brückner is an internationally recognized expert in applied sport psychology. Besides working in private practice as mental performance consultant and leadership coach he provides consultancy to ongoing projects funded by the German Federal Institute of Sport Science (BISp) and European Union, and acts as a reviewer for (inter)national sport psychology journals. He has served the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP) in multiple roles: chairing the International Relations Committee, as AASP Newsletter Editor, member of the inaugural Advocacy Committee, and co-editor of the 13 th edition of AASP’s Graduate Program Directory.

Consultation and interventions he delivers are heavily based on a strong commitment to a scientist-practitioner approach where research informs interventions. His applied work, specifically with the German National Badminton Team, has led to facilitation of elite coaches’ education and leadership training programs. Sebastian has established projects with colleagues at Muenster University, Boston University and Kingston University London, where he has been appointed as Honorary Research Fellow.

After studying at Saarland University, Texas A&M University and the University of Tennessee, Sebastian worked at Saarbruecken Olympic Training Center from 2008- 2017. There, he worked with (junior) national team and Olympic (caliber) athletes on mental training and dual-career transitions from a holistic, humanistic performance- enhancement perspective. In 2017 Sebastian joined the Department of Sport & Exercise Psychology at the University of Muenster. From 2018-2020, he worked as Executive Manager and Head of Applied/Certification Services for the German Society for Sport Psychology. Since 2021 he has successfully established his private practice.

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0:54 — Somatic Markers Intervention

8:12 — 16 Second Cure

15:10 — Applying 16 Second Cure in Golf

23:17 — Common Mistakes Athletes/Coaches Make

About Dr. Sebastian Brückner

Dr. Sebastian Brückner is an internationally recognized expert in applied sport psychology. Besides working in private practice as mental performance consultant and leadership coach he provides consultancy to ongoing projects funded by the German Federal Institute of Sport Science (BISp) and European Union, and acts as a reviewer for (inter)national sport psychology journals. He has served the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP) in multiple roles: chairing the International Relations Committee, as AASP Newsletter Editor, member of the inaugural Advocacy Committee, and co-editor of the 13 th edition of AASP’s Graduate Program Directory.

Consultation and interventions he delivers are heavily based on a strong commitment to a scientist-practitioner approach where research informs interventions. His applied work, specifically with the German National Badminton Team, has led to facilitation of elite coaches’ education and leadership training programs. Sebastian has established projects with colleagues at Muenster University, Boston University and Kingston University London, where he has been appointed as Honorary Research Fellow.

After studying at Saarland University, Texas A&M University and the University of Tennessee, Sebastian worked at Saarbruecken Olympic Training Center from 2008- 2017. There, he worked with (junior) national team and Olympic (caliber) athletes on mental training and dual-career transitions from a holistic, humanistic performance- enhancement perspective. In 2017 Sebastian joined the Department of Sport & Exercise Psychology at the University of Muenster. From 2018-2020, he worked as Executive Manager and Head of Applied/Certification Services for the German Society for Sport Psychology. Since 2021 he has successfully established his private practice.

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0:39 — Academic & Professional Background

9:11 — Emotional Self-Regulation

17:44 — ABC Model

26:43 — Golf-Specific Example of ABC Model

Resources

ABC Model - https://positivepsychology.com/albert-ellis-abc-model-rebt-cbt/

About Dr. Sebastian Brückner

Dr. Sebastian Brückner is an internationally recognized expert in applied sport psychology. Besides working in private practice as mental performance consultant and leadership coach he provides consultancy to ongoing projects funded by the German Federal Institute of Sport Science (BISp) and European Union, and acts as a reviewer for (inter)national sport psychology journals. He has served the Association for Applied Sport Psychology (AASP) in multiple roles: chairing the International Relations Committee, as AASP Newsletter Editor, member of the inaugural Advocacy Committee, and co-editor of the 13 th edition of AASP’s Graduate Program Directory.

Consultation and interventions he delivers are heavily based on a strong commitment to a scientist-practitioner approach where research informs interventions. His applied work, specifically with the German National Badminton Team, has led to facilitation of elite coaches’ education and leadership training programs. Sebastian has established projects with colleagues at Muenster University, Boston University and Kingston University London, where he has been appointed as Honorary Research Fellow.

After studying at Saarland University, Texas A&M University and the University of Tennessee, Sebastian worked at Saarbruecken Olympic Training Center from 2008- 2017. There, he worked with (junior) national team and Olympic (caliber) athletes on mental training and dual-career transitions from a holistic, humanistic performance- enhancement perspective. In 2017 Sebastian joined the Department of Sport & Exercise Psychology at the University of Muenster. From 2018-2020, he worked as Executive Manager and Head of Applied/Certification Services for the German Society for Sport Psychology. Since 2021 he has successfully established his private practice.

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1:06 — Misconceptions About Mental Performance/Sport Psychology

3:31 — Experience As Seattle Mariners Mental Skills Coach

10:51 — Developing Personal Creed

18:52 — Advice For Athletes/Coaches

19:51 — Book Recommendations & Current Projects

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: On the Road

Book Recommendation #2: Transcend: The New Science of Self-Actualization

Book Recommendation #3: The Mind Illuminated

Book Recommendation #4: Mindful Sport Performance Enhancement: Mental Training for Athletes and Coaches

Book Recommendation #5: The Mindful Athlete: Secrets to Pure Performance

Book Recommendation #6: Altered Traits: Science Reveals How Meditation Changes Your Mind, Brain, and Body

Book Recommendation #7: How We Live Is How We Die

Transcend Performance: https://transcendperformances.com/about-us/

Mission Six Zero: https://missionsixzero.com/our-team/michael-gerson/

About Dr. Michael Gerson

Dr. Michael Gerson is a clinical and sport psychologist with a passion for helping individuals achieve personal and professional excellence. He has over a decade of experience training a diverse range of soldier-athlete-clinical populations in the field of performance, sport, military, health, and clinical psychology. He is an Assistant Professor at National University, Owner of Transcend Performance, and Director of Mental Skills at Mission 6 Zero. Previously he served as a Mental Skills Director for the Seattle Mariners. When he's not coaching or teaching, you can find Dr. Gerson spending time with his family or engaging in meditation and Tai Chi practices.

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1:11 — Academic & Professional Background

2:46 — Approach To Performance Excellence

11:27 — Mindfulness

16:22 — Mindfulness Demonstration

25:42 — Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT)

Resources

Transcend Performance: https://transcendperformances.com/about-us/

Mission Six Zero: https://missionsixzero.com/our-team/michael-gerson/

About Dr. Michael Gerson

Dr. Michael Gerson is a clinical and sport psychologist with a passion for helping individuals achieve personal and professional excellence. He has over a decade of experience training a diverse range of soldier-athlete-clinical populations in the field of performance, sport, military, health, and clinical psychology. He is an Assistant Professor at National University, Owner of Transcend Performance, and Director of Mental Skills at Mission 6 Zero. Previously he served as a Mental Skills Director for the Seattle Mariners. When he's not coaching or teaching, you can find Dr. Gerson spending time with his family or engaging in meditation and Tai Chi practices.

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1:03 — Differences between Interval vs. External Focus

4:12 — Heart Rate & Focus of Attention

7:33 — Imagery & Focus of Attention

10:01 — Coaching Cues & Focus of Attention

12:32 — Environment & Focus of Attention

17:05 — Practical Implications

25:18 — Current Projects

26:45 — ChatGPT in Academia

30:05 — Book Recommendations

Resources

Research Paper #1: Heart Rate is Distinctly Influenced by Complexity of Instructions and Direction of Attentional Focus

Research Paper #2: The Effects of Using Imagery to Elicit an External Focus of Attention

Research Paper #3: Focus of Attention and Verbal Instructions: Strategies of Elite Track and Field Coaches and Athletes

Research Paper #4: No Fans, No Problem: An Investigation of Audience Effects on Shooting Performance in Professional Basketball

Book Recommendation #1: Mastery by Robert Greene

Book Recommendation #2: Team of Rivals: The Political Genius of Abraham Lincoln

Book Recommendation #3: Where the Deer and the Antelope Play: The Pastoral Observations of One Ignorant American Who Loves to Walk Outside

Book Recommendation #4: Good Clean Fun: Misadventures in Sawdust at Offerman Woodshop

About Dr. Jared Porter

Dr. Porter’s research investigates how humans learn/re-learn motor skills and how the human nervous system generates skillful movements. He is primarily interested in determining how factors such as virtual/augmented reality, engineered practice, human factors, skill level, cognitive load, decision making, and focusing of attention interact with motor skill learning and performance. His research has practical applications to various settings such as military/tactical mission planning and performance, patient rehabilitation, coaching education, competitive sport settings, and occupational training venues. He is an active member of the North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity (NASPSPA) and the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA). He is currently an editorial board member for the Journal of Motor Learning and Development and the International Journal of Motor Control and Learning. His research has been funded by federal, state, and local agencies within the United States of America and abroad.

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1:13 — Academic & Professional Background

3:24 — Contextual Interference

14:04 — Implicit vs Explicit Learning

22:04 — Virtual Reality

Resources

Golf Performance Newsletter: https://noahsachs.substack.com/

Research Paper #1: The Effects of Three Levels of Contextual Interference on Performance Outcomes and Movement Patterns in Golf Skills

Research Paper #2: An Examination of the Contextual Interference Effect and the Errorless Learning Model during Motor Learning

Research Paper #3: Virtual motivation: The psychological and transfer of learning effects of immersive virtual reality practice

Research Paper #4: Off the shelf: Investigating transfer of learning using commercially available virtual reality equipment

About Dr. Jared Porter

Dr. Porter’s research investigates how humans learn/re-learn motor skills and how the human nervous system generates skillful movements. He is primarily interested in determining how factors such as virtual/augmented reality, engineered practice, human factors, skill level, cognitive load, decision making, and focusing of attention interact with motor skill learning and performance. His research has practical applications to various settings such as military/tactical mission planning and performance, patient rehabilitation, coaching education, competitive sport settings, and occupational training venues. He is an active member of the North American Society for the Psychology of Sport and Physical Activity (NASPSPA) and the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA). He is currently an editorial board member for the Journal of Motor Learning and Development and the International Journal of Motor Control and Learning. His research has been funded by federal, state, and local agencies within the United States of America and abroad.

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0:48 - The Yips

9:33 — Pre-Shot Routine Advice

14:36 — Advice For Coaches

15:49 — Post-Shot Routine Advice

16:11 — Pre-Shot Routine Attention Cues

17:14 — OptiBrain (Neurofeedback Training Tool)

21:52 — Experiencing “The Zone”

26:36 — Research Questionnaire For Listeners

27:07 — Book Recommendations

Resources

Book Recommendation: The Rise of Superman: Decoding The Science of Ultimate Human Performance

Movie Recommendation: Peaceful Warrior

Optibrain: https://www.myoptibrain.com/

Better Your Best: https://www.betteryourbest.net/

Research Questionnaire on Flow vs. The Zone: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/FLOWvsZONE

About Dr. Debbie Crews

Dr. Debbie Crews is the Founder and Director of Opti Brain. Based on 30+ years of research, Dr. Crews has created systems designed to improve performance in a variety of arenas. Specific to the Opti Brain/OptiTrain apps, she has collected a large portion of research data from golfers, archers, shooters, and the special needs population (ADHD, Autism) and has expanded her work to include basketball, baseball, education and military. She is widely recognized expert in sports psychology. With extensive experience as a Sport Psychology Consultant to the Arizona State University Women's Golf Team and as an Advisory Board Member of the Swedish Golf Federation, Chair of the World Scientific Congress of Golf, and a member of the Expert Advisory Board of Golf Magazine's Top 100 Teachers Organization

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1:00 — Professional & Academic Background

3:40 — Flow vs The Zone

6:18 —Parts of the Brain & Brain Waves

10:48 — Ideal Performance State

13:23 — Pre-Shot Routine & Post-Shot Routine

23:03 — Performing Under Pressure

27:25 — Heart Rate & Ideal Performance State

30:41 — Performance Breakdowns / Choking

Resources

Paper #1: The effect of a preshot attentional routine on a well-learned skill

Paper #2: Electroencephalographic measures of attentional patterns prior to the golf putt.

Optibrain: https://www.myoptibrain.com/

Better Your Best: https://www.betteryourbest.net/

Research Questionnaire on Flow vs. The Zone: https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/FLOWvsZONE

About Dr. Debbie Crews

Dr. Debbie Crews is the Founder and Director of Opti Brain. Based on 30+ years of research, Dr. Crews has created systems designed to improve performance in a variety of arenas. Specific to the Opti Brain/OptiTrain apps, she has collected a large portion of research data from golfers, archers, shooters, and the special needs population (ADHD, Autism) and has expanded her work to include basketball, baseball, education and military. She is widely recognized expert in sports psychology. With extensive experience as a Sport Psychology Consultant to the Arizona State University Women's Golf Team and as an Advisory Board Member of the Swedish Golf Federation, Chair of the World Scientific Congress of Golf, and a member of the Expert Advisory Board of Golf Magazine's Top 100 Teachers Organization

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1:58 — Normalizing emotions

4:52 — Acting in line with your values

8:33 — Act of confidence

11:32 — Cognitive behavioral therapy

15:23 — What athletes truly want from sport psychology

20:17 — Social mediation

26:14 — Recommendations for coaches/athletes

27:36 — Mindfulness in team vs individual sports

31:57 — Current projects & book recommendations

About Dr. Peter Haberl

Dr. Peter Haberl joined the United States Olympic Committee in 1998 as a research assistant in sport psychology. In 2000, he was named a USOC sport psychologist and then promoted to senior sport psychologist in 2004. In his current position as senior sport psychologist, he provides both individual and team consultations and counseling sessions to various resident and national team athletes with a specific specialization in team sports.

He previously worked with the U.S. Women’s National Ice Hockey Team from 1996-2006, providing sport psychology services at three Olympic Winter Games and five International Ice Hockey Federation Women’s World Championships. Overall, he has served Team USA athletes at eight Olympic Games, three Pan American Games and one Paralympic Games.

Born in Austria, Haberl previously played professional ice hockey for his native country. He received his bachelor’s degree in sports science from the University of Vienna, Austria, and later earned his master's degree in counseling and his Ed.D.in counseling psychology at Boston University. A licensed psychologist, Haberl focuses on mindfulness-based interventions and cognitive-behavioral treatments.

Resources

Book Recommendation #1: Altered Traits: Science Reveals How Meditation Changes Your Mind, Brain, and Body

Book Recommendation #2: Full Catastrophe Living: Using the Wisdom of Your Body and Mind to Face Stress, Pain, and Illness

Book Recommendation #3: Wherever You Go, There You Are: Mindfulness Meditation in Everyday Life

Book Recommendation #4: Coming to Our Senses: Healing Ourselves and the World Through Mindfulness

Book Recommendation #5: Chris Hoy: The Autobiography Book Recommendation

Book Recommendation #6: Serve To Win: The 14-day Gluten-free Plan For Physical And Mental Excellence

Book Recommendation #7: Sacred Hoops: Spiritual Lessons of a Hardwood Warrior Book Recommendation

Book Recommendation #8: Eleven Rings: The Soul of Success

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

Social Media: https://linktr.ee/noahsachsperformance

About Me: https://noahsachsperformance.com/about-me

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1:05 — Academic and professional background

3:30 — What is mindfulness?

5:00 — Dr. Haberl’s mindfulness journey

7:42 — Practical mindfulness demonstration

11:36 — Reflections on mindfulness demonstration

14:38 — Emotions and performance

21:51 — The mind’s thief

26:46 — Behavioral vs. Emotional goals

33:47 — Psychological flexibility

About Dr. Peter Haberl

Dr. Peter Haberl joined the United States Olympic Committee in 1998 as a research assistant in sport psychology. In 2000, he was named a USOC sport psychologist and then promoted to senior sport psychologist in 2004. In his current position as senior sport psychologist, he provides both individual and team consultations and counseling sessions to various resident and national team athletes with a specific specialization in team sports.

He previously worked with the U.S. Women’s National Ice Hockey Team from 1996-2006, providing sport psychology services at three Olympic Winter Games and five International Ice Hockey Federation Women’s World Championships. Overall, he has served Team USA athletes at eight Olympic Games, three Pan American Games and one Paralympic Games.

Born in Austria, Haberl previously played professional ice hockey for his native country. He received his bachelor’s degree in sports science from the University of Vienna, Austria, and later earned his master's degree in counseling and his Ed.D.in counseling psychology at Boston University. A licensed psychologist, Haberl focuses on mindfulness-based interventions and cognitive-behavioral treatments.

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

Social Media: https://linktr.ee/noahsachsperformance

About Me: https://noahsachsperformance.com/about-me

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Timestamp

0:44 — Virtual Reality for competition preparation

4:48 — Contingency Plans/ “What if” scenarios

8:52 — Social media as a stressor for athletes

12:23 — Challenges pre, during, and post-Olympics that athletes face

17:37 — Athletic identity

19:52 — Current projects and book recommendations

About Dr. Karen Cogan

Dr. Karen Cogan is a licensed psychologist and certified consultant, AASP and currently serves as the sport psychologist for acrobat and combat sports at the United States Olympic Committee. In her current role, she consults with athletes and teams, including the U.S. Freestyle Moguls Ski team and the U.S. Taekwondo Team. She has attended four Olympic Games (2002, 2006, 2008, and 2012 as the sport psychology consultant for several Olympic medalists and their coaches.

In 2000, she published her first book, Sport Psychology Library: Gymnastics, and her work has appeared in sport-related journals.

She is a member of the American Psychological Association, where she has served as the secretary-treasurer and council representative for the Exercise and Sport Psychology Division 47 of APA. She also is a member of the Association for Applied Sport Psychology, where she has served on the executive board.

Cogan earned her Ph.D. in counseling psychology from Ohio State University and completed her clinical internship at the University of California, San Diego. She earned her master’s in kinesiology and B.A. from the University of California at Berkley, where she was a member of the nationally ranked gymnastics team.

Resources

Paper #1: Athlete mental health in the Olympic/Paralympic quadrennium: a multi-societal consensus statement

Book Recommendation #1: The Rise of Superman: Decoding the Science of Ultimate Human Performance

Book Recommendation #2: Stealing Fire: How Silicon Valley, the Navy SEALs, and Maverick Scientists Are Revolutionizing the Way We Live and Work

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

Social Media: https://linktr.ee/noahsachsperformance

About Me: https://noahsachsperformance.com/about-me

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1:00 — Academic & Professional Background

4:10 — What got you interested in Virtual Reality (VR)

8:19 — Use cases for VR with athletes

17:21 — Experience filming VR content

22:11 — The future of VR and elite sports

25:39 — Feedback from athletes

29:40 — Performing on “autopilot”

Dr. Karen Cogan is a licensed psychologist and certified consultant, AASP and currently serves as the sport psychologist for acrobat and combat sports at the United States Olympic Committee. In her current role, she consults with athletes and teams, including the U.S. Freestyle Moguls Ski team and the U.S. Taekwondo Team. She has attended four Olympic Games (2002, 2006, 2008, and 2012 as the sport psychology consultant for several Olympic medalists and their coaches.

In 2000, she published her first book, Sport Psychology Library: Gymnastics, and her work has appeared in sport-related journals.

She is a member of the American Psychological Association, where she has served as the secretary-treasurer and council representative for the Exercise and Sport Psychology Division 47 of APA. She also is a member of the Association for Applied Sport Psychology, where she has served on the executive board.

Cogan earned her Ph.D. in counseling psychology from Ohio State University and completed her clinical internship at the University of California, San Diego. She earned her master’s in kinesiology and B.A. from the University of California at Berkley, where she was a member of the nationally ranked gymnastics team.

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This episode is powered by Integrity Golf Performance (IGP).

IGP’s mission is to educate, serve, and inspire through the game of golf.

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1:00 — Paper #3 findings

13:00 — Psychological skills training

16:30 — Paper #4 findings

27:00 — Paper # 5 findings

31:45 — Practical insights for coaches

38:05 — Practical insights for athletes

47:44 — Current projects & book recommendations

About Dr. Taylor

Dr. Jamie Taylor is a high-performance coach and coach developer.

He is an Assistant Professor at Dublin City University and the University of Edinburgh, a Senior Coach Developer at Grey Matters Performance Ltd, and an academy Forwards Coach at Wasps.

He is a qualified performance coach, Level 4 rugby union coach, and qualified teacher. He has worked with over 150 coaches in a developmental capacity from a range of sports including football, rugby union, rugby league, and across Olympic/Paralympic sports. Specifically, in rugby union, this has included work with senior and academy coaches across the Premiership, URC, and Top 14.

As an academic, he has 15 published peer review publications and book chapters specifically pertaining to talent development, many in rugby.

He currently supervises 20 doctoral-level students working across high-performance sports domains. Former roles include Coaching and Curriculum Lead English Institute of Sports Performance Pathways Team and head coach of Leicester Tigers Academy.

Resources

Dr. Jamie Taylor’s Researchgate page: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jamie-Taylor-13

Paper #1: Navigating the Winds of Change on the Smooth Sea - The Interaction of feedback and emotional disruption on the talent pathway

Paper #2: The Highs and the Lows—Exploring the Nature of Optimally Impactful Development Experiences on the Talent Pathway

Paper #3: Too Many Cooks, Not Enough Gourmets: Examining Provision and Use of Feedback for the Developing Athlete

Paper #4: Shoulda, Coulda, Didnae – Why Don’t High Potential Players Make It?

Book Recommendation #1: Wooden on Leadership: How to Create a Winning Organization

Book Recommendation #2: Talent Development: A Practitioner and Parents Guide

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IGP’s mission is to educate, serve, and inspire through the game of golf.

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0:35 — Dr. Taylor’s background

2:48 — What is psychological safety?

7:05 — Paper #1 key findings

16:46 — Paper #2 key findings

24:48 — The importance of context when discussing psychological safety

About Dr. Jamie Taylor

Dr. Jamie Taylor is a high-performance coach and coach developer.

He is an Assistant Professor at Dublin City University and the University of Edinburgh, a Senior Coach Developer at Grey Matters Performance Ltd, and an academy Forwards Coach at Wasps.

He is a qualified performance coach, Level 4 rugby union coach, and qualified teacher. He has worked with over 150 coaches in a developmental capacity from a range of sports including football, rugby union, rugby league, and across Olympic/Paralympic sports. Specifically, in rugby union, this has included work with senior and academy coaches across the Premiership, URC, and Top 14.

As an academic, he has 15 published peer review publications and book chapters specifically pertaining to talent development, many in rugby.

He currently supervises 20 doctoral-level students working across high-performance sports domains. Former roles include Coaching and Curriculum Lead English Institute of Sports Performance Pathways Team and head coach of Leicester Tigers Academy.

Resources

Dr. Jamie Taylor’s Researchgate page: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jamie-Taylor-13

Paper #1: Psychological Safety in High-Performance Sport: Contextually Applicable?

Paper #2: Tough Love—Impactful, Caring Coaching in Psychologically Unsafe Environments

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

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Timestamp

0:35 — Resonance Frequency Assessment

7:10 — What is “Frequency”

11:05 — Types of Frequencies

16:00 — RMSSD, SDNN & High Frequency

21:04 — Benefits of breathing at your resonance frequency

25:50 — Breathing practice recommendations

35:50 — Breathing recommendations for kids

41:30 — Cardiovascular endurance and resonance frequency breathing

42:14 — Book Recommendations

About Dr. Richard Gevirtz

Dr. Richard Gevirtz is a Distinguished Professor of Psychology for the California School of Professional Psychology at Alliant International University in San Diego. He has been in involved in research and clinical work in applied psychophysiology and biofeedback for the last 30 years and served as the president of the Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 2006-2007.

His primary research interests are in understanding the physiological and psychological mediators involved in disorders such as chronic muscle pain, fibromyalgia, and gastrointestinal pain. In this vein, he has studied applications of heart rate variability biofeedback for anxiety, pain, gastrointestinal, cardiac rehabilitation, and other disorders.

He is the author of many journal articles and chapters on these topics. He also maintains a part-time clinical practice treating patients with anxiety and stress-related disorders.

Resources

Dr. Richard Gevirtz’s Researchgate page: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Richard-Gevirtz

Book Recommendations: The Polyvagal Theory: Neurophysiological Foundations of Emotions, Attachment, Communication, and Self-regulation

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

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This episode is powered by Integrity Golf Performance (IGP).

IGP’s mission is to educate, serve, and inspire through the game of golf.

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Timestamp
1:00 – Introduction
1:55 - Psychophysiology
3:00 - Autonomic Nervous System
5:00 - Vagus Nerve & Vagal Tone
7:17 - Respiratory Sinus Arrhythmia (RSA)
8:30 - Heart Rate Variability (HRV)
18:45 - Heart Rate Variability Biofeedback (HRVB)
30:35 - Biofeedback & Executive Function of the Brain

About Dr. Richard Gevirtz
Dr. Richard Gevirtz is a Distinguished Professor of Psychology for the California School of Professional Psychology at Alliant International University in San Diego. He has been in involved in research and clinical work in applied psychophysiology and biofeedback for the last 30 years and served as the president of the Association for Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, 2006-2007.

His primary research interests are in understanding the physiological and psychological mediators involved in disorders such as chronic muscle pain, fibromyalgia, and gastrointestinal pain. In this vein, he has studied applications of heart rate variability biofeedback for anxiety, pain, gastrointestinal, cardiac rehabilitation, and other disorders.

He is the author of many journal articles and chapters on these topics. He also maintains a part-time clinical practice treating patients with anxiety and stress-related disorders.

Resources

Dr. Richard Gevirtz’s Researchgate page: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Richard-Gevirtz

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

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About Me: https://noahsachsperformance.com/about-me

This episode is powered by Integrity Golf Performance (IGP).

IGP’s mission is to educate, serve, and inspire through the game of golf.

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Timestamp
1:02 – Background Context
9:35 - Paper #3 Introduction
10:25 - Key Findings
13:20 - Relevance to Quiet Eye
15:28 - Key Findings #2
19:10 - Practical Insights
23:35 - Current Projects & Book Recommendations

About Dr. Howie Carson
Dr. Howie Carson is a qualified PGA Professional Specialist Coach, BASES accredited Interdisciplinary Sport and Exercise Scientist, and Lecturer at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. He teaches motor control and applied sport science at the undergraduate level and supervises Ph.D. students in applied motor control, coach education, and dance science.

Dr. Carson has consulted with various national governing bodies in the fields of golf, cricket, motorsports, winter sports, and ballet.

His research interests include motor skill development, translational research design and talent development in applied sport and dance science.

Resources
Research Paper discussed in this episode: Where you look during golf putting makes no difference to skilled golfers (but what you look at might!): An examination of occipital EEG ɑ-power during target and ball focused aiming

Dr. Howie Carson’s Researchgate page: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Howie-Carson

Book Recommendations: Coaches Guide to Teaching Sport Skills

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

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This episode is powered by Integrity Golf Performance (IGP).

IGP’s mission is to educate, serve, and inspire through the game of golf.

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Timestamp
0:42 – Book chapter introduction
1:10 - Historical background
6:25 - Key findings
9:05 - Layers of training
12:20 - Technique vs. Skill
13:14 - Four phases of skill development
20:58 - Recommendations for coaches
22:10 - Setting Clear Expectations
24:00 - Periodization & skill development

About Dr. Howie Carson
Dr. Howie Carson is a qualified PGA Professional Specialist Coach, BASES accredited Interdisciplinary Sport and Exercise Scientist, and Lecturer at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. He teaches motor control and applied sport science at the undergraduate level and supervises Ph.D. students in applied motor control, coach education, and dance science.

Dr. Carson has consulted with various national governing bodies in the fields of golf, cricket, motorsports, winter sports, and ballet.

His research interests include motor skill development, translational research design and talent development in applied sport and dance science.

Resources
Research paper discussed in this episode: How Do Coaches Operationalise Long-Term Technical Training in Elite Golf?

Dr. Howie Carson’s Researchgate page: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Howie-Carson

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

Social Media: https://linktr.ee/noahsachsperformance

About Me: https://noahsachsperformance.com/about-me

This episode is powered by Integrity Golf Performance (IGP).

IGP’s mission is to educate, serve, and inspire through the game of golf.

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Timestamp
0:52 – Paper #2 Introduction
4:20 - Findings
7:28 - Tournaments & Technical Changes
10:55 - Changes Take Time
12:50 - Long-Term Periodization
14:10 - Current State of Affairs in Golf Coaching
16:10 - Two Types of Technique Change
22:10 - Setting Clear Expectations
23:30 - The Golf Coach’s Role

About Dr. Howie Carson
Dr. Howie Carson is a qualified PGA Professional Specialist Coach, BASES accredited Interdisciplinary Sport and Exercise Scientist, and Lecturer at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. He teaches motor control and applied sport science at the undergraduate level and supervises Ph.D. students in applied motor control, coach education, and dance science.

Dr. Carson has consulted with various national governing bodies in the fields of golf, cricket, motorsports, winter sports, and ballet.

His research interests include motor skill development, translational research design and talent development in applied sport and dance science.

Resources
Research paper discussed in this episode: How Do Coaches Operationalise Long-Term Technical Training in Elite Golf?

Dr. Howie Carson’s Researchgate page: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Howie-Carson

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

Social Media: https://linktr.ee/noahsachsperformance

About Me: https://noahsachsperformance.com/about-me

This episode is powered by Integrity Golf Performance (IGP).

IGP’s mission is to educate, serve, and inspire through the game of golf.

Social Media: https://linktr.ee/IntegrityGolfPerformance

This is a public episode. If you would like to discuss this with other subscribers or get access to bonus episodes, visit noahsachs.substack.com

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Timestamp
0:47 – Introduction/Background
6:40 – Paper #1 Findings
23:06 – Biopsychosocial Factors

About Dr. Howie Carson
Dr. Howie Carson is a PGA Professional and professor at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. He teaches motor control and applied sport science at the undergraduate level. He also serves as the program director for the MSc in Strength and Conditioning program.

Dr. Carson has consulted with various national governing bodies in the fields of golf, cricket, motorsports, winter sports, and ballet.

His research interests include translational research design and talent development in applied sport and dance science

Resources

From the Lesson Tee to the Course: A Naturalistic Investigation of Attentional Focus in Elite Golf

Dr. Howie Carson’s Researchgate page: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Howie-Carson

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

Social Media: https://linktr.ee/noahsachsperformance

About Me: https://noahsachsperformance.com/about-me

This episode is powered by Integrity Golf Performance (IGP).

IGP’s mission is to educate, serve, and inspire through the game of golf.

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Timestamp

1:05 — Dr. Carey’s Area of Research Focus

5:09 — When you change the way you look at things, the things you look at change

9:01 — What is perceptual-cognitive expertise

12:53 — Ecological Dynamics vs. Cognitive Approach

17:52 — Introduction to the quiet eye (QE)

23:29 — Implementing quiet eye in golf

26:18 — Brain activity during elite golf performance

30:22 — Overview of brain wave frequencies

34:27 — Key takeaway for brain activity of elite golf performers

35:15 — Dr. Carey’s putting intervention

39:18 — Key takeaways from Dr. Carey’s putting intervention

41:25 — Key points for golfers

44:25 — Current projects & book recommendations

Dr. Laura Carey is a professor at Sheffield Hallam University in England. Previously she served as a Performance Psychologist at the “Sportscotland Institute of Sport”.

Dr. Carey’s expertise is in exploring perceptual-cognitive expertise, gaze behaviors, and mobile cognition in elite golfers.

Dr. Laura Carey’s Researchgate page: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Laura-Carey-9/research

Dr. Laura Carey’s Book Recommendations

How we learn to move by Rob Gray

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

Social Media: https://linktr.ee/noahsachsperformance

About Me: https://noahsachsperformance.com/about-me

This episode is powered by Integrity Golf Performance (IGP).

IGP’s mission is to educate, serve, and inspire through the game of golf.

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Timestamp

0:00 — Start

0:44 — Background

2:50 — Pressure Training

5:30 — The Role of Stress in Pressure Training

6:40 — 4 Keys To Effective Pressure Training

17:35 — Constraints-Led Approach vs. Pressure Training

20:24 — Pressure Training as a platform for learning

24:26 — How to implement pressure training

40:45 — Examples of pressure training in golf

48:23 — Applying pressure training with novices and experts

51:31 — Applying pressure training with juniors

53:01 — Current projects & book recommendations

0:06 — Background

William Low is a Ph.D. student at the University of Exeter in England. He has practical experience working with military populations, previously serving as a master resilience trainer and performance expert for the U.S. Army. William's area of focus and expertise is in pressure training.

William Low's Researchgate page: https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/William-R-Low-2169335143

William Low's Book Recommendations

Choke: What the Secrets of the Brain Reveal About Getting It Right When You Have To

Sum It Up: A Thousand and Ninety-Eight Victories, a Couple of Irrelevant Losses, and a Life in Perspective

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

Social Media: https://linktr.ee/noahsachsperformance

About Me: https://noahsachsperformance.com/about-me

This episode is powered by Integrity Golf Performance (IGP).

IGP’s mission is to educate, serve, and inspire through the game of golf.

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Timestamp

0:06 — Background

3:12 — Interval vs. External Focus of Attention

5:28 — Contextual Interference

8:07 — Explicit Monitoring Hypothesis

13:13 — Research Findings

27:13 — Application For Golfers and coaches

32:40 — Internal Focus & Skill Acquisition

33:22 — Variability

42:14 — Current projects & book recommendations

Christopher A. Aiken, Ph.D. is a behavioral scientist with specializations in cognitive performance and human movement. Dr. Aiken is originally from Henderson, NV and graduated from the University of Nevada, Las Vegas with a B.A. in psychology. Dr. Aiken then attended the University of Tennessee, Knoxville where he earned his M.S. in Kinesiology with an emphasis in sport psychology and motor behavior. He then went on to complete his Ph.D. in Kinesiology with an emphasis in motor control and learning at Louisiana State University. Dr. Aiken's research focus investigates how psychological manipulations during practice influence skill acquisition. His work also explores kinematic transfer between effectors. His work has focused on learner-controlled feedback, attentional focus, contextual interference, and ipsilateral and contralateral transfer of motor skills.

Dr. Aiken's Google Scholar Profile: https://scholar.google.com/citations?user=-NouTaAAAAAJ&hl=en&oi=sra

Dr. Aiken's Book Recommendations

How We Learn to Move by Rob Gray

In Pursuit of Excellence by Terry Orlick

The Xs & Os of Success by Lon Kruger

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

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Timestamp

0:19 — Background

2:58 — Overview of Burnout & Perfectionism

7:20 — Discussion of Research Papers

19:32 — 3-Dimension Model of Perfectionism

25:40 — What Fuels Perfectionism

27:43 — Cognitive Affective Stress Model

32:25 — Combatting Burnout

37:19 — Recommendations for Coaches & Athletes

49:27 — Current projects & book recommendations

Luke Olsson is a Lecturer in Sport Psychology within the School of Sport, Rehabilitation, and Exercise Sciences at the University of Essex. Prior to his appointment, Luke worked at York St John University as a Graduate Teaching Assistant, delivering across the Sport and Exercise Science undergraduate degree with a specific focus on sport psychology and quantitative research methods. Luke's research interest is understanding the personal and social psychological factors that underpin mental health, well-being, and performance in athletes. Within this area, he primarily examines the causes and consequences of being perfectionistic for both the individual and being around someone that is perfectionistic in terms of the influence on athlete performance and burnout. Undertaking this research has allowed him to work with several local and regional sport organisations to help educate coaches, parents and athletes regarding the how perfectionistic pressures may influence athlete experiences.

Luke's Twitter: https://twitter.com/l_f_olsson

Luke's Profile: https://www.essex.ac.uk/people/olsso81102/luke-olsson

Luke's Book Recommendations

The Psychology of Perfectionism in Sport, Dance and Exercise by Andrew Hill

Stress, Well-Being, and Performance in Sport by Robert Eklund & J.D. Defreese

When Perfect Isn't Good Enough: Strategies for Coping with Perfectionism by Martin Anthony & Richard Swinson

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

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Timestamp

1:08 — Background

2:07 — Key findings

6:50 — Surprising findings

7:17 — Coach-led vs. Youth-led practice

11:50 — Hypothesis overview

13:57 — 3 Concepts of talent development

15:25 — Ecological dynamics

21:37 — Deliberate practice

29:57 — Talent development pathways

37:48 — Examples of talent development pathways

39:45 — Soccer academies

45:11 — Perfectionism

48:32 — Children enjoy competition

51:50 — Advice for parents

55:50 — Book recommendations

Dr. Arne Güllich is the head of the sports science department at the Technical University of Kaiserslautern, in Germany. He’s published over 100 peer-reviewed articles. His Areas of focus include youth sport, talent development and elite sports, and sports development and sports organizations. Dr. Güllich has experience coaching at the junior and Olympic levels. He also worked in the German Olympic Sports Confederation focusing on talent development.

Dr. Arne Güllich — https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6911-2236

What Makes a Champion? Early Multidisciplinary Practice, Not Early Specialization, Predicts World-Class Performance - https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1745691620974772

The Logic of Scientific Discovery - Karl Popper

The Methodology of Scientific Research Programmes - Imre Lakatos

The Organization of Hypocrisy: Talk, Decisions and Actions in Organizations - Nils Brunsson

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

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Timestamp

0:34 — Introduction

1:39 — Summary of findings

8:03 — Deliberate practice

15:46 — 10,000 Hour Rule

21:43 — Hypothesis #1 — Sustainability

22:45 — Hypothesis #2 — Multiple sampling and functional matching

25:46 — Hypothesis #3 — Transfer as preparation for future learning

29:42 — Coach-led vs. youth-led practice

37:50 — AJGA success vs. professional success

43:18 — Talent development pathways

48:06 — Recommendations for parents

49:44 — Behavioral genetics

52:08 — Recap

57:15 — Dr. Hambrick’s upcoming projects & book recommendations

Dr. Zack Hambrickis the lab director of the Expertise Lab at Michigan State University. He's also a professor of psychology. He and his team research the origins and underpinnings of expert performance. They conduct research on a wide variety of topics, including sports, music, and chess. The ultimate goal of the Expertise lab is to help develop insights into how one can learn complex skills efficiently and improve performance.

Expertise Lab — http://scienceofexpertise.com/expertise_lab

Behavioral, Neural, and Genetic Approaches to Complex Skill — https://www.amazon.com/Science-Expertise-Behavioral-Approaches-Psychology/dp/1138204382

Dr. Arne Güllich — https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6911-2236

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

Social Media: https://linktr.ee/noahsachsperformance

Golf Performance Newsletter: https://noahsachs.substack.com/

About Me: https://noahsachsperformance.com/about-me

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Time Stamps

Below are the timestamps from today’s episode.

How Dopamine influences our desire for change [2:21]

Changing the fundamental question we ask of coaches [4:08]

Tiger's often overlooked stat [6:48]

Common practice mistakes [8:52]

Practice volume on main tours vs satellite tours [10:48]

The importance of disconnecting from golf [12:39]

Incorrect concepts [15:32]

What to consider before turning pro [18:53]

Challenges for elite golfers in Asia [21:00]

On-Course vs. Driving Range Assessments [26:53]

The parallels between coaching and parenting [31:14]

Developing The "Selfs" [33:34]

The four quadrants of player development [38:00]

Why practicing more isn't always better [40:28]

About Jonathan Wallett

With over 30 years of experience helping players score lower, Jonathan Wallett has dedicated his career to helping elite amateur and professional golfers all over the world.

Jon has spent 12 years coaching on major tours, including helping players win on the European Tour, Asian Tour, LPGA Tour, and European Ladies Tour.

From 2016 to 2018 Jon was head coach of the Hong Kong Golf Team. Jon's track record speaks for itself. Notable achievements include increasing the number of Hong Kong top 1000 WAGR players from one to five players, over a two-year period.

As an advanced fellow of the PGA, Jon has been a keynote speaker at coaching conferences throughout Europe and Asia.

Jon is the author of seven books on elite performance, most recently publishing "Pathway to the Tour - Critical Keys to Building a Tour Career".

Website: http://elitecoaching.com/

Noah’s Social Media & Contact Info

Social Media: https://linktr.ee/noahsachsperformance

Golf Performance Newsletter: https://noahsachs.substack.com

About Noah: https://noahsachsperformance.com/about-me

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