Minds between languages: Recent Episodes

Dr. Adolfo García

Ever wondered what happens in the brain of a translator or an interpreter? How we can unravel the mysteries of the multilingual mind? What do we know about cognitive activities during translation and interpreting? Join Dr. Adolfo García as he interviews diverse specialists about the inner workings of interlingual reformulation. Minds Between Languages is also on YouTube! Host and creator: Adolfo M. García. Post-production: Christian Olalla Soler. Podcast distribution: Anne Catherine Gieshoff. This podcast is endorsed by the Translation, Research, Empiricism and Cognition (TREC) network.

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Hello and welcome again to Minds between Languages! Our guest today is Patricia Rodríguez-Inés, senior lecturer at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (Spain). She will talk about translation competence.

Suggested readings

Hurtado Albir, A. & Rodríguez-Inés, P. (eds.) (2022). Towards a European framework of competence levels in translation. The PACTE group’s NACT project. MonTi (Monografías de Traducción e Interpretación). Special Issue 7. https://doi.org/10.6035/MonTI.2022.ne7 [EN]

Hurtado Albir, A. & Rodríguez-Inés, P. (2023). Establishing Competence Levels in the Acquisition of Translation Competence in Written Translation. THIRD NACT PROPOSAL. https://www.effortproject.eu/framework-for-translation-levels-a-b/third-nact-proposal-of-descriptors/ [EN]

Hurtado Albir, A.; Rodríguez-Inés, P.; Prieto Ramos, F.; Dam, H.V.; Dimitriu, R.; Haro Soler, M.M.; Huertas Barros, E.; Kujamäki, M.; Kuźnik, A.; Pokorn, N.; van Egdom, G.M.W.; Ciobanu, S.; Cogeanu-Haraga, O.; Ghivirigă, T.; González Cruz, S.; Gostkowska, K.; Pisanski Peterlin, A.; Vesterager, A.K.; Vine, J.; Walczyński, M.; Zethsen, K.K. (2023). Common European Framework of Reference for Translation – Competence Level C (specialist translator): A proposal by the EFFORT Project. https://www.effortproject.eu/ [EN, ES, FR, DA, DE, FI, IT, NL, PL, RO, SL]

Further resources

https://portalrecerca.uab.cat/en/persons/patricia-rodriguez-ines-3

https://www.effortproject.eu/

https://www.effortproject.eu/framework-for-translation-levels-a-b/self-assessment-tool/

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This podcast is endorsed by the TREC Network - Translation, Research, Empiricism and Cognition.

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Hello and welcome to Minds between Languages! This special episode is hosted by Adolfo M. García from the Universidad de San Andres (Argentina). The episode features the round table discussion on methods in cognitive translation and interpreting studies which was held in Santiago de Chile in 2023 during the ICTIC4. The guests of this episode are: Assoc. Prof. Elisabet Tiselius (Stockholm University, Sweden), Prof. Michaela Albl-Mikasa (Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Switzerland), Michael carl (Kent State University, USA) and Defeng Li (University of Macau, China).

Suggested readings

Albl-Mikasa, M., & Tiselius, E. (Eds.). (2022). The Routledge handbook of conference interpreting. Taylor and Francis.

Albl-Mikasa, M., Ehrensberger-Dow, M., Hunziker Heeb, A., Lehr, C., Boos, M., Kobi, M., Jäncke, L., & Elmer, S. (2020). Cognitive load in relation to non-standard language input: Insights from interpreting, translation and neuropsychology. Translation, Cognition & Behavior, 3(2), 263–286. https://doi.org/10.1075/tcb.00044.alb

Carl, M., Wei, Y., Lu, S., Zou, L., Mizowaki, T., & Yamada, M. (2024). Hesitation, orientation, and flow: A taxonomy for deep temporal translation architectures. Ampersand, 12, 100164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.amper.2024.100164

Carl, M. (2023). Models of the Translation Process and the Free Energy Principle. Entropy, 25(6), 928. https://doi.org/10.3390/e25060928

Lei, V. L. C., Leong, T. I., Leong, C. T., Liu, L., Choi, C. U., Sereno, M. I., Li, D., & Huang, R. (2024). Phase‐encoded fMRI tracks down brainstorms of natural language processing with subsecond precision. Human Brain Mapping, 45(2), e26617. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.26617

Tiselius, E., & Englund Dimitrova, B. (2023). Testing the working memory capacity of dialogue interpreters. Across Languages and Cultures, 24(2), 163–180. https://doi.org/10.1556/084.2023.00439

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This podcast is endorsed by the TREC Network - Translation, Research, Empiricism and Cognition.

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Hello and welcome to this new episode of Minds between languages. Our guest today is Adolfo M. García, Director of the Cognitive Neuroscience Center UdeSA, Argentina, who will talk about the multilingual brain.

Suggested readings

García, A. M. (2019). The Neurocognition of Translation and Interpreting. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Pérez, G., Hesse, E., Dottori, M., Birba, A., Amoruso, L., Martorell Caro, M., Ibáñez, A. & García, A. M. (2022). The bilingual lexicon, back and forth: Electrophysiological signatures of translation asymmetry. Neuroscience 481, 134-143.

Zheng, B., Báez, S., Su, L., Xiang, X., Weis, S., Ibáñez, A. & García, A. M. (2020). Semantic and attentional networks in bilingual processing: fMRI connectivity signatures of translation directionality. Brain and Cognition 143, 105584.

Dottori, M., Hesse, E., Santilli, M., Vilas, M., Martorell Caro, M., Fraiman, D., Sedeño, L., Ibáñez, A. & García, A. M. (2020). Task-specific signatures in the expert brain: Differential correlates of translation and reading in professional interpreters. NeuroImage 209, 116519.

García, A. M., Muñoz, E. & Kogan, B. (2019). Taxing the bilingual mind: Effects of simultaneous interpreting experience on verbal and executive mechanisms. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 23(4), 729-739.

Santilli, M., Vilas, M., Mikulan, E., Martorell Caro, M., Muñoz, E., Sedeño, L., Ibáñez, A. & García, A. M. (2018). Bilingual memory, to the extreme: Lexical processing in simultaneous interpreters. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 22(2), 331-348.

Further resources

Personal website: https://adolfogarcia.com.ar/

Cognitive Neuroscience Center: https://udesa.edu.ar/cnc

Include Network: https://include-network.com/

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Hello and welcome to Minds between Languages! This special episode is hosted by Néstor Singer from the University of Santiago de Chile. The episode features a roundtable discussion on publishing cognitive translation and interpreting research which was held in Santiago de Chile on the 08th of September 2023 during the fourth International Conference on Translation, Interpreting, and Cognition (ICTIC4). The guests in this episode are Stephanie Díaz-Galaz (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Chile), Fabio Alves (Federal University of Minas Gerais, Brazil) and Moritz Schaeffer (Johannes Gutenberg University, Germany).

Suggested readings:
Díaz-Galaz, S. (2022). Methodological strategies for using stimulated recall in interpreting research. Onomazein 55-71, https://doi.org/10.7764/onomazein.ne10.03

Díaz-Galaz, S. (2020). Listening in the second language and comprehension in interpretation: Questions that remain open. Translation and Interpreting Studies 15(2). http://doi.org/10.1075/tis.20074.dia .

García, A. M., Muñoz, É. y Singer, N. (en prensa) Cognitive translation and interpreting studies in the early twenty first century. Translation, Cognition and Behaviour, special number, 6(2). https://benjamins.com/catalog/tcb.6.2

Haro-Soler, M. M. y Singer, N. (2022) Métodos cualitativos y mixtos en la formación de traductores: una aproximación hacia las experiencias y percepciones del estudiantado. Cadernos de Tradução, 42(1), 1-27. [DOI: 10.5007/2175-7968.2022.e82814]

Schaeffer, M.J. et al. (2019) ‘The Translation and Interpreting Competence Questionnaire: an online tool for research on translators and interpreters’, Perspectives: Studies in Translation Theory and Practice [Preprint]. https://doi.org/10.1080/0907676X.2019.1629468.

Singer, N. (2022) How committed are you to becoming a translator? Defining translator identity statuses. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 16(2), 141-157. [DOI: 10.1080/1750399X.2021.1968158]

Vardaro, J., Schaeffer, M.J. and Hansen-Schirra, S. (2019) ‘Translation Quality and Error Recognition in Professional Neural Machine Translation Post-Editing’, Informatics, 6(3), p. 41. https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics6030041.

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Welcome to a new episode of Minds between Languages! Today, we talk to Jan-Louis Kruger, Professor of Translation Studies at Macquarie University, and discuss audio-visual translation and the cognitive processing of subtitles.

Suggested readings:

Liao, S., Yu, L., Reichle, E.D., Kruger, J.L. (2021) Using eye movements to study the reading of subtitles in video. Scientific Studies of Reading. 25(5): 417-435 DOI: 10.1080/10888438.2020.1823986 .

Kruger, J.L. 2020. Translation, multimodality and cognition. In Jakobsen, A. & Alves, F. Ed. The Routledge Handbook of translation and cognition. Amsterdam: Routledge. Chapter 20. pp. 433-444. doi:10.4324/9781315178127-28

Kruger, J. L., Wisniewska, N., & Liao, S. (2022). Why subtitle speed matters: Evidence from word skipping and rereading. Applied Psycholinguistics, 43(1), 211-236. doi:10.1017/s0142716421000503

Further resources:
https://researchers.mq.edu.au/en/persons/jan-louis-kruger
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jan-Louis-Kruger

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This podcast is endorsed by the TREC Network - Translation, Research, Empiricism and Cognition.

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Welcome to Minds between Languages. In today’s episode, we talk with Bogusława Whyatt from Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań (Poland) about the interface between bilingualism and translation.

Suggested readings

Whyatt Bogusława. 2017. “We are all translators. Investigating the human ability to translate from a developmental perspective”. In Non-professional Interpreting and Translation. State of the art and future of an emerging field of research edited by Rachele Antonini, Letizia Cirillo, Linda Rossato, Ira Torresi, 45-64. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/btl.129.03why

Whyatt Bogusława. 2019. “In search of directionality effects in the translation process and in the end product”. Translation, Cognition & Behavior 2(1), 79 – 100. https://doi.org/10.1075/tcb.00020.why

Whyatt Bogusława & Marcin Naranowicz. 2020. “A robust design of the translator’s skill set: evidence for transfer of metacognitive skills to intralingual paraphrasing”. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 14(1), 1-18. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750399X.2019.1617028

Whyatt Bogusława, Witczak Olga, Tomczak Ewa. 2021. “Information behaviour in bidirectional translators: focus on online resources”. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer, 15(2), 154–171. https://doi.org/10.1080/1750399X.2020.1856023

Tomczak Ewa & Bogusława Whyatt. 2022. “Directionality and lexical selection in professional translators: Evidence from verbal fluency and translation tasks”. Translation and Interpreting, 14(2), 120-136. https://doi.org/10.12807/ti.114202.2022.a08

Further resources:EDiT-Project
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Idea and design: Adolfo García
Host: Anne Catherine Gieshoff
Production: Anne Catherine Gieshoff, Nataša Pavlović

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Welcome to Minds between Languages! We have with us today Daniel Gile, professor emeritus of Translation and Interpreting studies at the University Paris Sorbonne Nouvelle. He is talking with us about effort and cognitive pressure in interpreting and how practising interpreters contribute to interpreting studies.

Suggested readings

Gile, Daniel. 2009. Basic Concepts and Models for Interpreter and Translator Training. Amsterdam/Philadelphia: John Benjamins.

Gile, Daniel. 2021. The Effort Models of interpreting as a didactic construct. In: Muñoz Martín, Ricardo; Sun, Sanjun and Li, Defeng (eds). 2021. Advances in Cognitive Translation Studies. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 139-160.

Gile, Daniel. 2021. What practitioners know and what interpreters know about interpreting, Interpreting and Translation Studies, No.21, 2021. Pages 1-16. © by the Japan Association for Interpreting and Translation Studies

Gile, Daniel. 2021. Personal socio-academic contributions in Translation and Interpreting Studies. InContext 1:1. 44-71. (2021). HUFS Knowledge Press, Seoul.

Further resources:www.cirin-gile.fr
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Idea and design: Adolfo García
Host: Anne Catherine Gieshoff
Production: Anne Catherine Gieshoff, Nataša Pavlović  

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Welcome to a new episode of Minds between Languages. Our gues today is Hanna Risku, Professor at the Centre for Translation Studies, University of Vienna, Austria, who will be talking about the intersections between field, body, and context in translation research.

Suggested readings

Risku, H. & Rogl, R. (2021): Translation and situation, embodied, distributed, embedded and extended cognition. Jakobsen, A.L. & Alves, F. (Eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Cognition (pp.-478-499). London: Routledge.

Risko, H., Rogl, R. & Milosevic J. (2019): Translation practice in the field: Current research on socio-cognitive processes. Risku, H., Rogl, R. & Milosevic, J. (Eds.): Translation Practice in the Field: Current research on socio-cognitive processes (1-24). Amsterdam: John Benjamins.

Risku, H. (2014). Translation Process Research as Interaction Research: From Mental to Socio-Cognitive Processes. MonTI .7(2), 331-353.

Risku, H. & Windhager, F. (2013): Extended Translation. A socio-cognitive Research Agenda. Target 25(1), 33-45.

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Welcome to a new episode of Minds between Languages. Today, we are delighted to bring you Dr. Laura Babcock, Assistant Professor at Stockholm University, who will be discussing various aspects of the neurobiology of simultaneous interpreting.

Suggested readings:

Hervais-Adelman, A. Babcock, L. (2020). The Neurobiology of Simultaneous Interpreting – Where extreme language control and cognitive control intersect. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 23(4), 740-751.

Babcock, L., Capizzi, M., Arbula, S. & Vallesi, A. (2017). Short-term memory improvements after simultaneous interpretation training. Journal of Cognitive Enhancement 1(3), 254-267.

Babcock, L. & Vallesi, A. (2017). Are simultaneous interpreters expert bilinguals, unique bilinguals, or both? Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 20(2), 403-417.

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9Welcome once again to Minds between Languages. It is our pleasure to bring you today in this interview Dr. Michael Carl, Professor at Kent State University, who will be talking about the differences, similarities and interplays between human translation and machine translation.

Suggested readings:

Carl, Michael (Ed.). (2021). Explorations in Empirical Translation Process Research. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-69777-8             

Carl, Michael & Bangalore, S., Schaeffer, M. (Eds.). (2016). New Directions in Empirical Translation Process Research. Springer. ISBN 978-319-20357-7

Carl, Michael (2020). Translation, artificial intelligence and cognition. In: F. Alves, A. L. Jakobsen (Eds.). The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Cognition. (pp. 500-516). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315178127              

Carl, Michael and Way, A. (2003). Recent Advances in Example-based Machine Translation. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0181-6

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Welcome to a new installment of Minds between Languages. Joining us today is Professor Amparo Hurtado Albir, Professor at the Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, who will be telling us about her work on translation compentence and its relevance for cognitive translation studies.

Suggested readings:

Hurtado Albir, Amparo. (2015). “The Acquisition of Translation Competence. Competences, Tasks, and Assessment in Translator Training”. Meta 60/2, 2015, 256–280.

Hurtado Albir, Amparo. (2017b) (ed.). Researching Translation Competence by PACTE Group. Amsterdam & Filadelfia: John Benjamins.

Pacte. Hurtado Albir, Amparo, Galán-Mañas, Anabel, Kuznik, Anna, Olalla, Christian & Rodríguez-Inés, Patricia. (2020). Translation competence acquisition. Design and results of the PACTE group's experimental research. The Interpreter and Translator Trainer 14/2 (Special Issue), 95-233.

Hurtado Albir, Amparo & Patricia Rodríguez-Inés (eds.) (in press). Hacia un marco europeo de niveles de competencias en traducción. El proyecto NACT del grupo PACTE / Towards a European framework of competence levels in translation. The NACT project by the PACTE research group. MonTI Número Especial/Special Issue 7.

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Welcome to Mind between Languages! Joining us today is Fabio Alves, Professor at the Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Brazil, who will discuss how to study pragmatic aspects of translation from a cognitive perspective.

Suggested reading:

Alves, F.; Gonçalves, J. L. (2013). Investigating the conceptual-procedural distinction in the translation process: A relevance-theoretic analysis of micro and macro translation units. Target 25: 1. p. 107-124.

Alves, F., Hurtado Albir, A. (2017). Evolution, challenges, and perspectives for research on cognitive aspects of translation. In John Schwieter and Aline Ferreira. (Eds.). The Handbook of Translation and Cognition. New Jersey: Wiley Blackwell. p. 537-554.

Alves, F., Szpak, K. S.; Buchweitz, A. (2018). Translation in the brain: Preliminary thoughts about a brain-imaging study to investigate psychological processes involved in translation. In Defeng Li, Victoria Lei and Yuanjiang He (Eds.). Researching Cognitive Processes in Translation. Berlin: Springer. p. 121-138.

Alves, F., Jakobsen A.L. (2021). Grounding cognitive translation studies: goals, commitments and challenges. In Fabio Alves and Arnt Lykke Jakobsen (Eds.). The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Cognition. London: Routledge. p. 545-554.

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Welcome to a new episode of Minds between Languages. In this interview, Professor Min-hua Liu, Professor at the Department of Translation, Interpreting and Intercultural Studies and Director of the Centre of Translation at Hong Kong Baptist University, will share her views and findings on the cognitive pecularities of simultaneous interpreters.

Suggested readings:

Liu, M., Kurz, I., Moser-Mercer, B., & Shlesinger, M. (2020). The interpreter’s aging: A unique story of multilingual cognitive decline? Translation, Cognition & Behavior, 3(2), 287-310. https://doi.org/10.1075/tcb.00045.liu

Liu, M. (2019). In search of a cognitive model for interpreting expertise. In Z. Wen, P. Skehan, A. Biedroń, S. Li & R. L. Sparks. (Eds.), Language aptitude: Advancing theory, testing, research and practice (pp. 299-315). Routledge. http://doi.org/10.4324/9781315122021-15

Liu, M. (2008). How do experts interpret? Implications from research in interpreting studies and cognitive science. In G. Hansen, A. Chesterman & H. Gerzymisch-Arbogast (Eds.), Efforts and models in interpreting & translation research: A tribute to Daniel Gile (pp. 159–177). John Benjamins. https://doi.org/10.1075/btl.80.14liu

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Welcome to Minds between Languages! It is our pleasure to introduce Kristian Tansgaard Hvelplund, associate professor at the University of Copenhagen, who will tell us about the use of eye-tracking to explore cognitive aspects of translation.

Suggested reading:

Hvelplund, K. T. (2020). Translation, attention and cognition. In A.L. Jakobsen, & F. Alves (eds.), The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Cognition. Abingdon: Routledge.

Hvelplund, K. T. (2019). Digital resources in the translation process: Attention, cognitive effort and processing flow. Perspectives - Studies in Translation Theory and Practice 27(4):510-524.

Hvelplund, K. T. (2017). Eye tracking in Translation Process Research. In J. W. Schweiter, & A. Ferreira (eds.), The Handbook of Translation Studies and Cognition. Malden, MA: Blackwell. 248-264.

Hvelplund, K. T. (2014). Eye tracking and the translation process: reflections on the analysis and interpretation of eye-tracking data. In R. M. Martín (ed.), Minding Translation. Con la traducción en mente (MonTI Special Issue 1). Alicante: Universidad de Alicante. 201-223.

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Welcome again to Minds between Languages. Joining us today is Professor Maureen Ehrensberger-Dow who specializes among other things in the study of cognitive load and the ergonomics of translation and interpreting. These are the two topics addressed in the present episode.

Suggested readings

Ehrensberger-Dow, Maureen (2019). Ergonomics and the translation process. Slovo //Слово.ру: балтийскийакцент. 10 (1): 37-51. doi: 10.5922/2225-5346-2019-1-3. https://journals.kantiana.ru/journals/slovoru/4168/

Ehrensberger-Dow, Maureen (2021). Translation, ergonomics and cognition. In Fabio Alves & Arnt Lykke Jakobsen (eds), Routledge Handbook of Translation and Cognition. Routledge. https://www.routledge.com/The-Routledge-Handbook-of-Translation-and-Cognition-1st-Edition/Alves-Jakobsen/p/book/9781138037007

Ehrensberger-Dow, Maureen, Andrea Hunziker Heeb, Gary Massey, Ursula Meidert, Silke Neumann, & Heidrun Becker (2016). An international survey of the ergonomics of professional translation. ILCEA Revue de l’Institut des Langues et des Cultures d’Europe et d’Amérique 27. http://ilcea.revues.org/4004

Ehrensberger-Dow, Maureen & Gary Massey (2019). Socio-technical issues in professional translation practice. In: Hanna Risku, Regina Rogl & Jelena Milosevic (eds), Translation Practice in the Field: Current research on socio-cognitive processes [Benjamins Current Topics 105]. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 105-122. doi.org/10.1075/bct.105.06ehr

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Welcome once again to Minds between Languages! This episode will consist in a conversation with Professor Ricardo Muñoz. He will share his insights of past, present and future of cognitive translation studies.

Suggested reading:Muñoz Martín, Ricardo & César Andrés González Fernández. 2021. 'Cognitive Translatology. A primer revisted'. 语言、翻译与认知 [Studies in Language, Communication & Cognition], 1, pp.131-165. A downloadable version is available here.

Muñoz Martín, Ricardo, and Matthias Apfelthaler. 2021. ‘Spillover Effects in Task-Segment Switching: A Study of Translation Subtasks as Behavioral Categories Within the Task Segment Framework’. In Advances in Cognitive Translation Studies, edited by Ricardo Muñoz Martín, Sanjun Sun, and Defeng Li (pp. 19–45). Singapore: Springer Singapore. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-2070-6_2

Halverson, Sandra Louise & Ricardo Muñoz Martín. 2020. The times, they are a’changin’—Multilingual mediated communication and cognition. In: Multilingual Mediated Communication and Cognition, edited by Ricardo Muñoz Martín & Halverson, Sandra Louise (pp. 1-17). London. Routledge.

Muñoz Martín, Ricardo & Ana María Rojo López. 2018. Meaning. In The Routledge Handbook of Translation and Culture, edited by Sue-Ann Harding & Ovidi Carbonell Cortés (pp. 61–78). New York: Routledge.

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Welcome to a new episode of Minds between Languages. Our guest today is Professor Silvia Hansen-Schirra, a translation scholar working at the interface of corpus studies and experimental cognitive approaches. Together, we will discuss one of her main areas of expertise: Translation universals.

Suggested readings:

Schaeffer M., Nitzke J., & Hansen-Schirra S. (2019). Predictive Turn in Translation Studies: Review and Prospects. In Brunn S., Kehrein R. (Eds.). Handbook of the Changing World Language Map. Springer, Cham. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-73400-2_217-1

Schaeffer, M., Halverson, S., & Hansen-Schirra, S. (2019). ‘Monitoring’ in translation. The role of visual feedback. Translation, Cognition & Behavior, 2(1), 1–33. DOI: 10.1075/tcb.00017.sch

Hansen-Schirra, S., Nitzke, J. & Oster, K. (2017). Predicting cognate translation. In Hansen-Schirra, S., Čulo, O. & Hofmann, S. (Eds.) Empirical modelling of translation and interpreting (Vol. 7). Berlin: Language Science Press. 3-22.

Hansen-Schirra, S. (2017). EEG and universal processing in translation. In Schwieter, J. & Ferreira, A. (Eds.). The Handbook of Translation and Cognition (Chapter 13). New Jersey: Wiley-Blackwell. 232-247. DOI: 10.1002/9781119241485.ch13

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Welcome to the first episode of Minds Between Languages. Today, we will talk about the origins of cognitive translation studies and then focus on keylogging as a tool to infer mental activity during translation. Our guest will be Professor Arnt Jakobsen, a leading cognitive translation scholar and the creator of the most widely used keylogging software in the field: Translog.

Suggested readings:

Jakobsen, A. L. (2006) Research Methods in Translation -- Translog. In: Kirk P. H. Sullivan & Eva Lindgren (eds.) Computer Keystroke Logging and Writing. Oxford & Amsterdam: Elsevier, 95-105.

Jakobsen, A. L. (2011) Tracking Translators’ Keystrokes and Eye Movements with Translog. In Alvstad, C. et al. (eds.) Methods and Strategies of Process Research, Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 37-55.

Jakobsen, A. L. (2017) Translation Process Research. In Schwieter, J. W. and A. Ferreira, eds. The Handbook of Translation and Cognition, Hoboken, NJ and Oxford: Wiley-Blackwell, 21-49.

Watch the episode on youtube: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CWOwKFFjU3Q