Soft Active Materials: From Granular Rods to Flocks, Cells and Tissues: Recent Episodes
Institute for Complex Adaptive Matter (ICAM)
This ICAM workshop brought together junior and senior researchers working on the emergent properties of soft active matter. It focused on nonequilibrium collective behavior and locomotion in active systems, including mixtures of cytoskeletal filaments and motor proteins, the cell cytoskeleton, bacteria colonies, collections of cells in elastic matrices or living tissues, plankton in the ocean, insects or animal groups and vibrated granular layers. By bringing together researchers from a variety of disciplines we hope to stimulate new interactions and ideas in this rapidly evolving field.
A discussion with presenters from Session VI: Rumi De, Cynthia Reinhart-King, Paul Janmey, Lisa Manning, Thomas Angelini, and Torsten Wöllert.
Lisa Manning examines the liquid-like properties of cell movement using a 3D interaction model for embryonic tissue. This is a realistic model that takes many physical forces into account.
This talk discusses various types of forces that cells often experience. Rumi De also explains how these forces may influence cellular activity.
Cynthia Reinhart-King explains how substrates play a large role in cell connectivity. The effects on cell assembly are also examined.
This presentation discusses tissue stiffness and how cells react to this type of stress. In addition, the effects of gels on cell signaling are also examined.
This talk examines substrate-cell interactions and explains how these connections influence collective migration.
This presentation examines the behavior of Candida albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In particular, there is a focus on the actin modelling dynamics of each organism.
Oleg Lavrentovich discusses the effects that an electric field can have on simple crystal particles within a complex medium.
This presentation discusses a model that simulates the behavior of swimming microorganisms. This model takes into account the effects of hydrodynamic interactions and large scale flows.
A discussion with presenters from Session V: Lev Tsimring, Aparna Baskaran, Gareth Alexander, Luca Giomi, Oleg Lavrentovich, and Patrick Underhill.
Evgeniy Khain provides some background on primary brain tumors and discusses how tumor cell growth depends on the level of adhesion.
This presentation discusses cellular stability at the cortical layer. Internal cell elasticity and the effects of mechanical stress are also examined.
Margaret Gardel explains the steps involved in building a contractile bundle for cell adhesion: actomyosin remodeling, F-actin network contraction and stress fiber formation.
An overview of the components involved in cellular transport systems. The mechanisms of active transport and filament switching are also discussed.
This presentation discusses the kinesins involved in microtubule depolymerization and the factors that determine the depolymerization rate.
Lev Tsimring explains how growing bacteria behave similarly to a granular material system and how differential growth can lead to population instability.
This talk characterizes the hydrodynamics of liquid crystal systems and examines fluctuations in bulk systems.
This presentation discusses the equations of active hydrodynamics, the viscosity of polar systems, and the spontaneous flow of polar and non-polar systems.
This talk examines the strength of actin networks as a function of physical properties, such as myosin concentration and rupture events.
A discussion with presenters from Session IV: Margaret Gardel, Jean-Francois Joanny, Simone Koehler, Clare Yu, Meredith Betterton and Evgeniy Khain.
A look into different examples of collective motion and an explanation of various models that reproduce this behavior.
This talk discusses the underlying physical forces (such as cell stress and homeostatic pressure) involved in tissue formation and cell biology.
Describes how ant colonies are able to react to changing environmental conditions with each ant knowing only limited local information.
A series of short presentations covering the following areas: bioenergetic networks, actin networks, crystalline elastomers, "bleeding" plastic, ABC transporters, single molecule biophysics, asymmetric dimer colloids, leading edge structures, lipid membranes, jammed solids, structured vesicles and beating cilia.
This talk discusses the evolutionary reasons behind collective behavior. Different models for collective behavior are also presented.
An analysis of the movement of various animal groups and an explanation as to how one animal's motion may be altered by the movement of other animals nearby.
This talk discusses the movement of cells at different depth levels within cartilage. In addition, a study designed to determine how cartilage responds to shear stress is outlined.
A discussion with presenters from Session I: Arshad Kudrolli, Seth Fraden, Jacques Prost and Itai Cohen.
This presentation discusses the various chemical signals and gradients that play a role in the swimming motion of E. coli cells.
An examination of the biofilm produced by Myxococcus xanthus bacteria. The cellular genome is examined for characteristics that might influence the manner in which these biofilms are formed.
This talk explores the properties and uses of systems whose particles can chemically change over time and interact with each other.
This talk discusses how different environmental conditions affect the growth strategies of amoeba cells.
This presentation discusses the movement of swimming cells. The effects of interaction between the flagella of different cells and the effects of wave geometry are also discussed.
This presentation examines the movement of particles due to vibration and the resulting interactions between them.
An examination of cell and tissue growth, with a focus on how different cell replication rates and surface pressures influence the formation of tissue.