Neurotech Pub: Recent Episodes
Paradromics Inc
Paradromics Founder and CEO Matt Angle hosts an informal salon with some of the most influential figures in neurotechnology.
This episode features Paradromics CEO Matt Angle in a compelling discussion with Sumner Norman, Co-founder & CEO at Forest Neurotech; Ryan Field,CEO at Kernel; and Mary Lou Jepsen, Founder and CEO of Openwater. They share their career influences, discuss the challenges of managing interdisciplinary teams, and explore the future of neuroimaging and brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Delving into ultrasound and optical-based techniques, they highlight the transformative potential of non-invasive methods for diagnosing and treating brain conditions. Furthermore, they addresses regulatory hurdles, the evolution of focused research organizations, and offers valuable advice for early-career researchers on leveraging industry trends and fundamental research to drive technological advancements.
Guest Quote:
“And I think what we're trying to work on is the silicon hospital of the future with this capability, like the modern smartphone, that can reach everybody, regardless of income levels or borders.” - Mary Lou Jepsen
Timestamps:
*(00:00) Welcome to Neurotech Pub
*(00:06) Meet the Guests
*(02:48) Balancing Mentorship and Startup Demands
*(05:36) Interdisciplinary Challenges in Neurotech
*(07:11) Hardware Development and Efficiency
*(18:12) Medical Device Development and Regulatory Challenges
*(23:37) Technical Deep Dive: Optical and Acoustic Signatures
*(24:00) Ultrasound in Brain-Computer Interfaces
*(34:57) Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Mental Health
*(55:55) Understanding Stroke and Thrombectomy
*(56:51) Innovations in Cancer Treatment and Blood Flow Analysis
*(57:39) Challenges and Trials in Medical Technology
*(58:42) Open Source Medical Technology and Global Collaboration
*(58:59) The Evolution of Brain-Computer Interfaces
*(01:02:42) Advancements in Ultrasound Technology
*(01:03:39) The Role of MEMS and Silicon in Medical Devices
*(01:09:29) The Importance of Fundamental Research
*(01:14:48) The Future of Neurotechnology and Industry Trends
*(01:17:58) Advice for Aspiring Researchers and Entrepreneurs
*(01:29:41) Leadership and Transition in Tech Companies
*(01:40:07) Focused Research Organizations and Their Impact
*(01:46:08) Final Thoughts and Optimism for Neurotech
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This episode features Paradromics CEO Matt Angle in a compelling discussion with Grayson Zulauf, CEO of Resonant Link; Alex Yeh, CTO and VP of R&D at Neuspera Medical; and Jacob Robinson, Founder and CEO of Motif Neurotech. They explore the latest advancements in neurotechnology, focusing on wireless power transfer, implantable devices, and brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). The conversation highlights transformative innovations in treating mental health conditions like major depressive disorder, OCD, and ADHD with less invasive wireless devices, enhancing patient care and acceptance. Personal stories and insights on market expansion and patient-friendly treatments are shared, along with valuable advice for investors on the potential of neurotechnology in improving overall mental health and medical care.
Guest Quote:
“The message that I would want to send is, there is a future in which we look at neurotechnologies no differently than we look at cardiac pacemakers.
These are life saving devices, in many cases less invasive than a device that goes in your heart. There's no reason why anybody wouldn't want to feel better. To be healthier mentally and just live a better quality of life. So that's what we're trying to enable” - Jacob Robinson
Show Notes:
*(00:00) Welcome to Neurotech Pub
*(00:46) Meet the Guests
*(02:45) Discussing Industry Competitors
*(09:54) Wireless Power Transfer in Medical Devices
*(16:38) Exploring Inductive and Magnetoelectric Power
*(27:35) Ultrasound in real-world devices
*(33:31) Patient Experience and Device Miniaturization
*(36:24) Designing for Patient Comfort and Practicality
*(38:20) Innovations in Power and Data Transmission
*(39:32) Miniaturization and Its Impact
*(41:12) Battery Technology in Medical Devices
*(43:19) Future of Implantable Batteries
*(45:16) Implanted Battery Companies Integer and Resonetics
*(46:31) Intermittent Stimulation and Therapy
*(49:28) Power Consumption in Future Implants
*(59:52) Data Transmission and Compression
*(01:05:42) Reflections on the Journey of Medical Innovation
*(01:08:36) Final Thoughts and Messages to Investors
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We’re back with Part II of our two-part series on Connectomics!
In part one we speculated on the legal and ethical implications of emerging technologies in the connectomics field. In part two, we don our lab coats and take a deep dive into the latest research tools, from fixation protocols for the preservation of neural tissue, to multimodal imaging techniques, to the machine intelligence designed to interpret massive data sets and reconstruct the vast neural circuits that make up the connectome.
Our guests are:
- Kenneth Hayworth, PhD, President and Co-Founder of the Brain Preservation Foundation, Senior Scientist at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Janelia Farm Research Campus (JFRC)
- Robert McIntyre, CEO at Nectome
- Jeremy Maitin-Shepard, PhD, Software Engineer–Connectomics at Google
In this episode, Ken and Robert from part one return to the pub, and we are also joined by Jeremy Maitin-Shepard, an engineer and researcher at Google, who shares insights into some of the machine intelligence modalities being used to decode previously uncharted neural networks. Check out Jeremy’s recent paper on BioRxiv, as well as his published work at Google.
If you missed part one, you can listen and explore the show notes here. Cheers!
Show Notes:
0:00 | Intro
1:03 | Kenneth Hayworth, PhD
1:12 | Robert McKintyre, CEO, Nectome
1:17 | Jeremy Maitin-Shepard, PhD
1:51 | Setting the record straight
3:09 | The nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage φX174
4:22 | Frozen Zoo at San Diego Zoo
12:01| Glutaraldehyde and reduction techniques for immunolabeling
17:39 | SWITCH Framework
19:14 | Population Responses in V1 Encode Different Figures by Response Amplitude
Enhanced mirror neuron network activity and effective connectivity during live interaction among female subjects
Permeabilization-free en bloc immunohistochemistry for correlative microscopy
19:57 | Synaptic Signaling in Learning and Memory
Structure and function of a neocortical synapse
Engineering a memory with LTD and LTP
Synapse-specific representation of the identity of overlapping memory engrams
20:28 | Ultrastructure of Dendritic Spines
Structure–stability–function relationships of dendritic spines
24:25 | Reconstructing the connectome
24:32 | Connectomics Research Team at Google
24:55 | Google x HHMI: Releasing the Drosophila Hemibrain Connectome
28:38 | Serial Block-Face Scanning Electron Microscopy
29:22 | Automated Serial Sections to Tape
29:45 | Mapping connections in mouse neocortex
30:59 | A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain
32:14 | Expansion Microscopy
34:37 | The future of connectomics
45:13 | Contribution of apical and basal dendrites to orientation encoding in mouse V1 L2/3 pyramidal neurons
49:49 | Mice and rats achieve similar levels of performance in an adaptive decision-making task
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Welcome back to Neurotech Pub!
In this first installment of two episodes on Connectomics, host and Paradromics CEO Matt Angle kicks off a lively discussion on the rapidly accelerating research in the mapping, preservation, and reconstruction of the human connectome. We explore the ethical and legal ramifications of disruptive technology, and some of the unique challenges faced when driving innovation in emerging industries.
Our guests are:
- Nita Faraheny, JD, PhD, Everett Distinguished Professor of Law & Philosophy at Duke Law School, the Founding Director of Duke Science & Society, the Faculty Chair of the Duke MA in Bioethics & Science Policy, and principal investigator of SLAP Lab.
- Kenneth Hayworth, PhD, President and Co-Founder of the Brain Preservation Foundation, Senior Scientist at the Howard Hughes Medical Institute’s Janelia Farm Research Campus (JFRC)
- Robert McIntyre, CEO at Nectome
As an exciting new development since the recording of this episode, Nita recently published a book, The Battle for Your Brain, which examines many topics in neuroethics, from Connectomics to Brain-Computer Interfaces.It is currently available on Amazon.
Keep an eye out for part two in this series, which will take a deep dive into the latest technical and engineering innovations in the connectomics ecosystem. Coming soon!
Please be advised that this episode contains a brief discussion of assisted suicide in a medical setting.
Show Notes:
0:00 | Episode Intro
1:16 | Nita A. Farahany, JD, PhD
1:21 | Kenneth Hayworth, PhD
1:27 | Robert McKintyre, CEO, Nectome
1:56 | Meeting of the minds
2:53 | Aldehyde-stabilized cryopreservation wins final phase of brain preservation prize
3:56 | The Brain Preservation Foundation
4:09 | Documentary series on the Brain Preservation Foundation
5:21 | Letter of Support for Aldehyde Stabilized Cryopreservation (and ‘next steps’ caveats)
5:51 | Nita's 2018 Neuroethics Ted Talk
5:54 | International Neuroethics Society
6:25 | Connectomics & new paths in neuroscience
8:10 | Allen Institute for Brain Science
8:47 | A connectome and analysis of the adult Drosophila central brain
9:33 | A visual intro to synaptic imaging in connectomics
10:28 | The structure of the nervous system of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans
11:16 | Mouse Connectome Project at CIC
14:59 | Cryonics controversy
19:00 | Death, taxes, and synapses
20:51 | Uniform Law Commission
21:08 | The Uniform Determination of Death Act
24:25 | Watch Altered Carbon on Netflix
25:49 | Understanding the “Loss of Chance” Doctrine
37:13 | Understanding Physician-Assisted Death, or ‘Death with Dignity’
40:21 | Euthanasia in the Netherlands
46:01 | Autonomy, Dignity, and Consent to Harm, Rutgers Law Review
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00:00 | Episode intro with Matt Angle and Amy Kruse
1:07 | StimScience in Fast Company
5:05 | Learned Motor Patterns Are Replayed in Human Motor Cortex during Sleep
6:43 | Connect with Prime Movers Lab
7:01 | PML on Medium
7:45 | Introduction to Sleep Stages
References:
- Stages of Sleep Overview
- REM vs Non-REM Sleep
- Sleep Walking
- Benefits of REM Sleep
- Consequences of low REM sleep
- Importance of Deep Sleep
Check out Zoe’s nonprofit organization, ALS Heroes, and her Ted Talk
12:24 | Pulling all-nighters
12:50 | Amy Kruse, PhD
13:00 | Ram Gurumoorthy, PhD
13:07 | Stimscience, now Somnee
13:30 | Luis de Lecea, PhD
18:26 | Gordon Rule, PhD
18:40 | Knights of the Old Republic II: The Sith Lords (2004)
19:50 | Why do we sleep?
20:26 | Sleep drives metabolite clearance from the adult brain
20:35 | Sleep & DNA Repair
22:13 | Neural Activity can cause DNA damage
23:22 | Jerry Seigal
24:26 | DARPA Sleep Research
24:55 | Fur seals and sleep
25:08 | How do Whales and Dolphins Sleep Without Drowning?
25:54 | Putting Humans in Stasis Is the Best Way of Getting Us to Mars
27:36 | Sleep and Mortality
28:09 | The Sleeping Brain: Harnessing the Power of the Glymphatic System through Lifestyle Choices
28:27 | Giulio Tononi, MD, PhD
28:45 | Sleep, Memory, and Plasticity
28:52 | Sleep Cognition and Memory
29:00 | Sleeping up and down the phylogenetic tree
29:05 | Actually...worms do sleep
29:20 | Decoding sleep
29:36 | Fruit flies and their mini sleeps
29:44 | Mapping sleep in the brain
30:35 | Hypocretin-positive neurons
31:17 | Clearly Matt slept through his midterm... again
31:57 | The hypocretins/orexins: integrators of multiple physiological functions
32:05 | Stress-sleep interactions
33:30 | The Science of Narcolepsy
35:08 | Equivalence of sleep deprivation and intoxication | Additional reference
36:21 | Sleep Pressure: Homeostatic Sleep Drive
40:38 | EEG Visualization of electrodermal activity during sleep
44:08 | Circuitry of Sleep Stages
45:00 | Regional slow waves and spindles in human sleep | Local sleep in awake rats
48:00 | Emerging Sleep Technologies
1:00:56 | Hypothalamus and Sleep
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00:00 | Episode intro with Matt Angle and Amy Kruse
1:07 | StimScience in Fast Company
5:05 | Learned Motor Patterns Are Replayed in Human Motor Cortex during Sleep
6:43 | Connect with Prime Movers Lab
7:01 | PML on Medium
7:45 | Introduction to Sleep Stages
References:
- Stages of Sleep Overview
- REM vs Non-REM Sleep
- Sleep Walking
- Benefits of REM Sleep
- Consequences of low REM sleep
- Importance of Deep Sleep
Check out Zoe’s nonprofit organization, ALS Heroes, and her Ted Talk
12:24 | Pulling all-nighters
12:50 | Amy Kruse, PhD
13:00 | Ram Gurumoorthy, PhD
13:07 | Stimscience, now Somnee
13:30 | Luis de Lecea, PhD
18:26 | Gordon Rule, PhD
18:40 | Knights of the Old Republic II: The Sith Lords (2004)
19:50 | Why do we sleep?
20:26 | Sleep drives metabolite clearance from the adult brain
20:35 | Sleep & DNA Repair
22:13 | Neural Activity can cause DNA damage
23:22 | Jerry Seigal
24:26 | DARPA Sleep Research
24:55 | Fur seals and sleep
25:08 | How do Whales and Dolphins Sleep Without Drowning?
25:54 | Putting Humans in Stasis Is the Best Way of Getting Us to Mars
27:36 | Sleep and Mortality
28:09 | The Sleeping Brain: Harnessing the Power of the Glymphatic System through Lifestyle Choices
28:27 | Giulio Tononi, MD, PhD
28:45 | Sleep, Memory, and Plasticity
28:52 | Sleep Cognition and Memory
29:00 | Sleeping up and down the phylogenetic tree
29:05 | Actually...worms do sleep
29:20 | Decoding sleep
29:36 | Fruit flies and their mini sleeps
29:44 | Mapping sleep in the brain
30:35 | Hypocretin-positive neurons
31:17 | Clearly Matt slept through his midterm... again
31:57 | The hypocretins/orexins: integrators of multiple physiological functions
32:05 | Stress-sleep interactions
33:30 | The Science of Narcolepsy
35:08 | Equivalence of sleep deprivation and intoxication | Additional reference
36:21 | Sleep Pressure: Homeostatic Sleep Drive
40:38 | EEG Visualization of electrodermal activity during sleep
44:08 | Circuitry of Sleep Stages
45:00 | Regional slow waves and spindles in human sleep | Local sleep in awake rats
48:00 | Emerging Sleep Technologies
1:00:56 | Hypothalamus and Sleep
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The Panel:
Jan Scheuermann is an author and public speaker, and self-styled “professional lab rat.” She has spoken at DARPA, the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, and the National Convention of the ALS Association about her experience as a BCI trial participant at UPitt. She is the author of a fictional mystery novel, Sharp as a Cucumber, available on Amazon. You can find out more about Jan and book her for public speaking events on her website or connect with her on LinkedIn.
Ian Burkhart is the President of the Ian Burkhart Foundation, which provides equipment not typically covered by insurance that improves independence for those with spinal cord injuries. He is also the Vice President of the North American Spinal Cord Injury Consortium, an advocacy organization that brings individuals with lived experience together with researchers to improve research, care, cure, and policy. In addition, Ian consults on medical device development and user interaction. Ian’s latest project is the BCI Pioneers Coalition, a platform to connect BCI users, researchers, industry, and other stakeholder groups to discuss the future of Brain Computer Interfaces. You can visit him on his website or connect with him on LinkedIn, Twitter, and Instagram.
Nathan Copeland is a neurotechnology consultant, speaker, and digital artist. He has spoken at numerous conventions around the world about his experiences in the lab and has been featured in many prominent publications including, but not limited to, Wired, MIT Tech Review, NPR, Fortune, and the Atlantic. He is the creator of the first BCI NFTs, available on OpenSea. You can connect with Nathan on Instagram, Twitter, and Linkedin.
00:00 | Intro
0:14 | Neurotech Pub Episode 13: BCI Pioneers Part I
0:47 | Neurotech Pub Episode 10: Business Models in Neurotech
1:30 | BCI & Identity
1:30 | New Yorker -Do Brain Implants Change Your Identity?
2:09 | The Utah Array (Blackrock Neurotech)
16:05 | Learn more about Hector in Part 1
17:14 | Talking Form Factors
18:36 |CerePlex System
22:36 | Support Systems in BCI Adoption
38:35 | Get in Touch
38:54 | The Ian Burkhart Foundation
39:13 | Book Ian as a speaker
39:25 | North American Spinal Cord Injury Consortium (NASCIC)
40:04 | Where to find Ian
40:19 | Contact Nathan
40:25 | Nathan on Instagram, LinkedIn, and Twitter
40:32 | Nathan's NFTs on OpenSea
Links to Jan’s lab photos and how to get in touch can be found here
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In this very special two part series in collaboration with Blackrock Neurotech, Paradromics CEO Matt Angle and Blackrock Creative Director Taryn Southern co-host a discussion with BCI research pioneers Jan Scheuermann, Ian Burkhart, and Nathan Copeland. In part one, we discuss their personal journeys to becoming BCI pioneers, implant experiences with the Utah Array, their time in the lab, and some of their current projects. Learn more about Jan, Ian, and Nathan below and stay tuned for part two, coming in July 2022!
The Panel:
Jan Scheuermann is an author and public speaker, and self-styled “professional lab rat.” She has spoken at DARPA, the Johns Hopkins Applied Physics Laboratory, and the National Convention of the ALS Association about her experience as a BCI trial participant at UPitt. She is the author of a fictional mystery novel, Sharp as a Cucumber, available on Amazon. You can find out more about Jan and book her for public speaking events on her website or connect with her on LinkedIn.
Ian Burkhart is the President of the Ian Burkhart Foundation, which provides equipment not typically covered by insurance that improves independence for those with spinal cord injuries. He is also the Vice President of the North American Spinal Cord Injury Consortium, an advocacy organization that brings individuals with lived experience together with researchers to improve research, care, cure, and policy. In addition, Ian consults on medical device development and user interaction. Ian’s latest project is the BCI Pioneers Coalition, a platform to connect BCI users, researchers, industry, and other stakeholder groups to discuss the future of Brain Computer Interfaces. You can visit him on his website or connect with him on LinkedIn, Twitter, and Instagram.
Nathan Copeland is a neurotechnology consultant, speaker, and digital artist. He has spoken at numerous conventions around the world about his experiences in the lab and has been featured in many prominent publications including, but not limited to, Wired, MIT Tech Review, NPR, Fortune, and the Atlantic. He is the creator of the first BCI NFTs, available on OpenSea. You can connect with Nathan on Instagram, Twitter, and Linkedin.
00:00 | Intro
6:10 | Who came first?
7:07 | Jan Scheuermann
7:18 | Tim Hemmes & the UPitt/UPMC Team
8:05 | New Yorker profile of Jan and the UPitt team
8:55 | View Jan’s photos from the lab
10:10 | Nathan Copeland
13:00 | Parietal Cortex
13:22 | Saccade Movements
14:12 | The Pioneer Experience
16:04 |Neuro Life Study | Additional Reference | Interview with Ian | Archives of PMR
18:15 | Mirror Therapy
23:50 | Jan in the Pilot Seat
25:07 | Ian's Experience in the Car Simulator
25:53| Thinking About Thinking
31:24 |Jan's novel, Sharp as a Cucumber
37:37 | View Jan’s photos from the lab
38:04 | Andy Schwartz
38:45 | Nathan's NFTs
43:22 | Nathan's Instagram
45:03 | 15 Minutes of Fame
45:12 |A Presidential Greeting
45:45 | Jan on 60 Minutes
45:54 | Jan in SciAM
46:00 | Book Jan as a keynote speaker
46:32 | SfN
47:05 | Investment in BCI
47:17 | The Ian Burkhart Foundation
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Check out video and full transcript here: www.paradromics.com/podcast/episode-12-mind-control-with-lasers
00:00 | Intro
1:37 | Aspirational Papers
1:56 | Packer Lab
2:10 | What is the claustrum?
2:30 | Ian's paper (but only part of it!)
3:02 | Two-Photon Bidirectional Control and Imaging In Vivo
3:29 | Inferring Spikes from Calcium Imaging
5:45 | Neuropixels are now in humans
7:12 | Paper by Pachitariu et al
7:55 | Ian Oldenburg
10:02 | Kaufman Lab
11:21 | Cortical activity in the null space: permitting preparation without movement
12:08 | Motor cortical dynamics shaped by multiple distinct subspaces during naturalistic behavior
12:33 | Tickling Cells with Light
14:41 | Light-activated ion channels for remote control of neuronal firing
14:50 | Remote Control of Behavior through Genetically Targeted Photostimulation of Neurons
15:20 | Millisecond-timescale, genetically targeted optical control of neural activity
16:03 | Red-shifted Opsins
16:52 | eNpHR: a Natronomonas halorhodopsin enhanced for optogenetic applications
17:26 | Genetically Targeted Optical Control of an Endogenous G Protein-Coupled Receptor
18:16 | Neural Dust
18:41 | Wireless magnetothermal deep brain stimulation
19:05 | Neural Stimulation Through Ultrasound
19:20 | Methods and Modalities: Sculpting Light
21:35 | Recent advances in patterned photostimulation for optogenetics
22:50 | Two-photon microscopy is now over 30 years old (Denk 1990)
25:22 | Optical Recording State of the Art
27:06 | Challenges of Deep Tissue 2-Photon Imaging
28:21 | Deisseroth Lab
28:29 | Temporal Precision of Optical Stimulation
29:09 | Simultaneous all-optical manipulation and recording
30:40 | Targeted Ablation in Somatosensory Cortex
33:29 | Commercially Available Fast Opsins
34:41 | Recent paper from Deisseroth Lab
41:17 | Cortical layer–specific critical dynamics triggering perception
42:21 | The Utah Array from Blackrock Neurotech
44:52 | Principles of Corticocortical Communication
50:43 | The Cost of Cortical Computation
51:27 | Behaviour-dependent recruitment of long-range projection neurons in somatosensory cortex (2013) | Spatiotemporal convergence and divergence in the rat S1 "barrel" cortex (1987) | Diverse tuning underlies sparse activity in layer 2/3 vibrissal cortex of awake mice (2019)
52:56 | Gollisch and Meister 2008
53:22 | Spike Timing-Dependent Plasticity (STDP)
1:05:09 | Neurotech Pub Episode 11 - Let There Be Light
1:05:20 | Forecasting the Future
1:05:41 | Temporally precise single-cell-resolution optogenetics
1:06:16 | Large Scale Ca++ Recordings from Vaziri Lab
1:07:11 | Cohen Lab
1:07:19 | All Optical Electrophysiology
1:14:19 | Emiliani et al 2015
1:16:33 | All-Optical Interrogation of Neural Circuits
1:16:53 | Mice Strains @ Jackson Lab
1:17:00 | The Allen Institute
1:20:39 | Neuroscience and Engineering Collaborations
1:18:39 | Nicolas Pegard
1:18:47 | Adesnik Lab
1:24:41 | Shenoy, Sahani, and Churchland 2013
1:24:52 | Dimensionality reduction for large-scale neural recordings
1:25:17 | Matlab: Understanding Kalman Filters
1:25:58 | Two-photon excitation microscopy
1:26:37 | Emiliani Lab Holography course
1:26:57 | Optics by Eugene Hecht
1:28:05 | Intro to Optics Course
1:29:41 | What the Heck Is a Claustrum?
1:33:53 | Cortical activity in the null space: permitting preparation without movement
1:34:33 | Neural Manifolds and Learning
1:35:19 | Locked-in Syndrome
1:36:58 | Sabatini Lab
1:37:07 | Probing and regulating dysfunctional circuits using DBS
1:39:36 | Sliman Bensmaia | Nicho Hatsopoulos
1:39:43 | The science and engineering behind sensitized brain-controlled bionic hands
1:41:20 | Michael Long's singing rodents
1:42:12 | Engram
1:43:06 | Chang Lab
1:43:19 | Tim Gardner | Michale Fee
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Welcome back to Neurotech Pub! This episode is one of a two part series on optical methods for recording and stimulating neural activity.
Our guests on this episode are Elizabeth Hillman, PhD, Mark Schnitzer, PhD, and Jacob Robinson, PhD. So far, our technical dives have focused mainly on direct electrical recording and stimulation of neural activity, but in this episode we deep dive into advantages that all-optical interfaces might have over electrical interfaces, and the challenges in developing them.
In addition, we talk about running highly collaborative, interdisciplinary projects that span traditional physics and engineering with biology, a theme that is ever-present in neurotech and is also highlighted in part two of this series.
Cheers!
Show Notes
Latest news & publications since recording:
Hillman Lab: New publication on SCAPE in Nature Biomedical Engineering
Robinson Lab: Review article in Optica on Recent advances in lensless imaging
Robinson Lab: BioRxiv pre-print on in vivo fluorescence imaging
1:23 | The Heart and Soul of a Paper
2:32| Ultrasmall Mode Volumes in Dielectric Optical Microcavities
3:01 | Robinson Lab
4:01 | Hillman Lab
4:07 | Zuckerman Institute
4:15 | Schnitzer Lab
4:25 | Howard Hughes Medical Institute
4:41| Miniature Fluorescence Microscope
9:02 | Discovery of DNA Structure and Function
10:25 | Hodgkin–Huxley Equations
13:49 | Vessel Dilation in the Brain
16:03 | State of the art of Neural Optical Recording
18:03 | Long-Term Optical Access to an Estimated One Million Neurons in Mouse Cortex
24:56 | Watch the Crystal Skull video
27:45 | High-Speed Cellular-Resolution Light Beads Microscopy
29:54 | Relationship between spiking activity and calcium imaging
32:50 | Analytical & Quantitative Light Microscopy [AQLM]
32:59 | Imaging Structure & Function in the Nervous System
35:22 | NIH Brain Initiative Cell Census Network (BICCN)
35:54 | Allen Brain Atlas: Cell Types
40:17 | A Theory of Multineuronal Dimensionality, Dynamics and Measurement
46:19 | Dr. Laura Waller's DIY Diffuser Cam
50:38 | FlatCam by Robinson Lab
53:42 | Advantages of MEG
55:06| Random Access Two Photon Scanning Techniques
56:07 | Swept Confocally-Aligned Planar Excitation (SCAPE)
58:47 | Optics Systems for Implantable BCIs
1:00:43 | GCaMP - Janelia GECI reagents
1:01:33 | DARPA NESD Program
1:04:06 | SCAPE Microscopy for High-Speed Volumetric Imaging of Behaving Organisms
1:07:00 | Glial Response to Implanted Electrodes
1:07:07 | Brain Tissue Responses to Neural Implants
1:09:36 | Two Deaths in Gene Therapy Trial for Rare Muscle Disease
1:10:46 | Intrinsic Optical Signal due to Blood Oxygenation
1:11:11 | Coupling Mechanism and Significance of the BOLD Signal
1:12:10 | DARPA invests in Treating Mood Disorders
1:12:57 | Amygdalar Representations of Pain
1:13:48 | Fast Optical Signals: Principles, Methods, and Experimental Results
1:14:12 | Dr. Larry Cohen's early work in Neurophotonics
1:14:42 | Linear Systems Analysis of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging | Additional Resource
1:16:20 | Flavoprotein Fluorescence Imaging in Neonates | Additional Resource
1:18:02 | Pumped Probe Microscopy
1:19:26 | Biological Imaging of Chemical Bonds by Stimulated Raman Scattering Microscopy
1:19:36 | Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering microscopy (CARS)
1:19:55 | Min Lab @ Columbia
1:20:06 | Glucose Analog for Stimulated Raman Scattering
1:20:39 | Emerging Paradigms for Aspiring Neurotechnologists
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In the Season 2 premiere of Neurotech Pub, host and Paradromics CEO Matt Angle sits down with fellow Founder/CEOs Carolina Aguilar, Brian Pepin, and Kunal Ghosh to talk shop about building cutting edge neurotech companies from the ground up. We dive deep into business strategies, the neurotech fundraising landscape, emerging therapeutics, and more. We also provide an insider’s view of the intersections of data, pharma, and med devices that are shaping the future of healthcare. Pour yourself a cold one and settle in!
Prefer to watch or read? Check out video and a full episode transcript here.
00:00 | Updates & News
INBRAIN Neuroelectronics raised a $17M Series A
Rune Labs raised a $22.8 Million Series A
Inscopix Launched Cloud-Based Platform for Data Management and Analysis
2:15 | Meet the panel and pick up a book
1:54 | Jester King Brewery
2:25 | Rune Labs
2:50 | Neurostimulator for deep brain stimulation therapy
3:23 | INBRAIN Neuroelectronics
4:11 | Inscopix
5:24 | Ursula K. Le Guin’s 'The Dispossessed'
6:19 | Yuval Noah Harari’s 'Sapiens: A Brief History of Humankind'
6:32 | Daniel G. Miller’s 'The Tree of Knowledge'
6:40 | Jiddu Krishnamurti’s 'The Book of Life'
7:34 | Barack Obama’s 'A Promised Land,' ‘Dreams from my Father,’ & ‘The Audacity of Hope’ 7:56 | Karl Popper’s 'The Open Society and Its Enemies'
9:25 | Venture Capital in Neurotech
34:44 | Business Strategy in Neurotech
40:32 | Tom Oxley, CEO, Synchron
43:58 | Dr. Thomas Insel
44:06 | Mindstrong Mental Health Care
44:35 | Aduhelm controversy
52:25 | Galvani Bio
59:39 | Percept Neurostimulator
1:00:32 | Neuromodulation and the future of treating brain disease
1:07:21 | Software as a Medical Device FDA Guidance
1:09:12 | State of Animal Model Systems
1:14:28 | α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease
1:18:01 | Alto Neuroscience
1:18:36 | Flatiron Foundation
1:18:45 | Gaurdent Health
1:19:03 | Melanoma Trends & Rates
1:21:41 | The Pharma-Data-Device Ecosystem
1:21:42 | Frank Fischer, Chairman of Neuropace
1:22:28 | Neurotech Pub Season 1, Episode 9
1:26:35 | Roche acquisition of Flatiron Health & merger with Foundation Medicine
1:27:12 | Companion Diagnostics
1:28:29 | Adhulem and PET imaging
1:29:09 | Resignations at the FDA over Alzheimer’s Drug
1:29:32 | Derek Lowe’s take on the Aducanumab Approval, FDA Committee Votes, Halting the Aducanumab Trials, & The FDA Advisory Committee Briefing Document on Aducanumab
1:31:39 | Donanemab receives breakthrough therapy designation in 2021
1:36:58 | Mapping the Frontal-Vagal Pathway
1:37:09 | The Human Connectome Project
1:40:07 | Teal Organizations and Holacracy
1:41:18 | Society for Neuroscience
1:44:37 | Affymetrix (Thermo Fisher Scientific)
1:44:39 | Illumina
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Welcome to the Season 1 finale of Neurotech Pub. In this episode, Matt Angle speaks with fellow Neurotech CEOs, Konstantinos Alataris, Frank Fischer, and Marcus Gerhardt.
"We cover a lot in this discussion, but one of the big themes is how challenging it can be to raise money, to build neuro devices. This episode was originally recorded last winter, and it was instantly one of my favorite episodes. So like a fine wine, I laid it down until the time was right to share it with friends.
Since the episode was recorded, Nesos, Paradromics, and BlackRock all had major funding announcements. Nesos and BlackRock underwent rebranding campaigns, and NeuroPace went public on Nasdaq. This podcast was recorded during a bleak winter, but our optimism proved prescient. The podcast aged well, and now the field is the strongest, best funded, and most exciting that it's ever been. I know you'll enjoy the discussion."- Matt Angle, CEO, Paradromics
01:08 | Meeting Heros
08:02 | Company Origins: NeuroPace, Blackrock Neuro, and Nēsos
25:28 | Now vs Then, a Decade of Neurotech Entrepreneurship
1:04:50 | Investor Backing in Neurotech
1:20:44 | BCI Future Is Underway
// Director & Host: Matt Angle
// Producer: Lili Byrne andAli Stuckey
In this episode, podcast host and Paradromics CEO, Matt Angle brings together memory-researchers Nanthia Suthana (Assist. Prof. of Neurosurgery and Bioengineering, UCLA School of Medicine) and Gyorgy Buzsaki (Biggs Professor of Neuroscience, NYU School of Medicine), and scientist-entrepreneurs Dan Rizzuto (CEO of Nia Therapeutics) and Nick Halper (Co-Founder of Braingrade) to discuss memory, and memory enhancement applications of BCI.
Like many of you I approached, and to some extent still do approach, the concept of memory enhancement with skepticism. But the conversation today is going to be a grounded one, and I think you will see that there is some real science here that can give us reason to be cautiously optimistic about the future of memory and BCI. I hope you enjoy the episode.
- Matt Angle
00:43 | Guest Introductions
07:38 | Types of Memory
26:47 | Building a Memory Prosthetic
38:05 | Predicting the Future: BCI to Decode/Reconstruct Memory
46:26 | Clinical Evidence of Modulating Memory
1:02:52 | New Approaches For Enhancing Memory
1:17:48 | Closing the Research-Clinical Gap
// Director & Host: Matt Angle
// Producer: Lili Byrne
// Editor: Jasper Sams
// Graphic Design: Midnight Measure Design
In this episode, podcast host and Paradromics CEO, Matt Angle brings together Karen Rommelfanger (Neurotech Ethicist, Strategist, and Associate Professor at Emory), Anna Wexler (Assistant Professor of Medical Ethics and Health Policy at UPenn), Ana Maiques (CEO of Neuroelectrics), and Stephanie Naufel Thacker (Technical Program Manager at Facebook Reality Labs). We talk about the role of ethicists in tech. Stephanie announces a new collaboration between Facebook and the Columbia NeuroRights program. We discuss data privacy, and I am mostly listening except for two excursions on 409A valuations and Disney’s The Little Mermaid.
00:30 | Guest Introductions
Karen Rommelfanger, PhD
Ana Maiques
Stephanie Naufel Thacker, PhD
Anna Wexler, PhD
01:00 | The E Word
27:29 | Innovative Businesses and Ethicists Collaboration
44:05 | What Neural Data Can Reveal
56:39 | Voices Not in the Room
1:01:18 | Eroding Privilege of Mind-Body Duality
// Director & Host: Matt Angle
// Producer: Lili Byrne and Ali Stuckey
In this episode, host and Paradromics CEO Matt Angle discusses the science of olfaction with Andreas Schaefer, Gabe Lavella, and Dima Rinberg. Gabe and Dima also unveil their new startup, Canaery, which uses BCI-enhanced animals to digitize the olfactory world.
00:10 | Guest Introductions
00:43 | What They Wanted to Be When They Were 8 Years Old
09:21 | What You Don't Know About Olfaction That You Should
16:17 | Dimensionality in Olfactory Space
22:26 | Architecture of the Olfactory System
31:24 | Natural and Artificial Olfaction
38:19 | State of the Art of Olfaction Neural Recording Modalities
46:21 | Engineered Olfactory Receptors
51:32 | Implications of High Data-Rate Olfactory BCI
1:06:19 | Olfaction Resources
// Director & Host: Matt Angle
// Producer: Lili Byrne and Ali Stuckey
// Editor: Jasper Sams
In this episode Paradromics founder and CEO and NeuroTech Pub host, Matt Angle, discusses ethical considerations around brain-computer interfaces. Our guests are Tim Brown, Leigh Hochberg, Sydney Cash, and Amanda Pustilnik. A central theme in the discussions will be how neuroethics differ from traditional medical ethics or bioethics and what we can draw from other fields and experiences to prepare for a world where BCI is more prevalent and more powerful.
00:15 | Guest IntroductionsAmanda Pustilnik at Harvard Law
Dr. Tim Brown at University of Washington
Dr. Leigh Hochberg and Braingate
Dr. Syd Cash's Cortical Physiology Lab at MGH
01:00 | Innately-Held Unproven Moral Beliefs
01:00 | Neuroethics: A Field of Its Own
06:57 | Device vs Pharmacological Brain Therapies
21:01 | When Patients and Clinicians Don't See Eye-to-Eye
41:11 | Researchers' Burden in Equitable BCI Dissemination
51:05 | Data and Privacy in a BCI World
1:06:04 | Legal Brain Data Protections, or Lack Thereof
1:22:20 | Should BCI Eradicate Disability
1:35:36 | Balancing Near-Term Utility and Long-Term Harms
Neurotech Pub is a podcast from Paradromics Inc, that features heavy-hitters from academia and industry in the field of Neurotech. But unlike a traditional panel, we bring you conversations that would normally happen after the conference, while unwinding at the pub. We hope you have enjoyed this discussion, for more please checkout our other episodes.
// Director & Host: Matt Angle
// Producer: Lili Byrne
// Editor: Jasper Sams
// Graphic Design: Midnight Measure Design
In this episode, friend of the podcast Vikash Gilja reprises his role as Vikash Gilja. We are also joined by Konrad Kording, Chethan Pandarinath, and Carsen Stringer. We talk about how dimensionality reduction is used to better understand large scale neural recordings. This episode is fairly technical, but it contains many great references if you are interested in learning more. We open with a brief explainer video by Paradromics’ own Aditya Singh.
00:40 | Dimensionality Intro
04:42 | Podcast Start
07:50 | Janelia Research Campus
08:56 | Translational Neuroengineering Lab
09:35 | Stanford Neural Prosthetics Translational Lab
10:10 |Shenoy Lab
12:00 | Deep Brain Stimulation
12:57 | Chethan’s work on retinal prosthetics
15:00 | Immunology
15:20 | Jonathan Ruben
15:30 | Byron Yu
15:41 | Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit
18:00 | Joshua Tenenbaum
18:30 | Kording Lab at UPenn
18:46 | Neuromatch Academy
19:47 | Neuromatch Academy Q&A
21:21 | Dimensionality reduction for neural recordings
26:22 | The Curse of Dimensionality
30:11 | Principal Component Analysis
32:20 | Neural Firing as a Poisson Process
33:13 | Shared Variance Component Analysis
35:18 | Cross validation in large scale recording
38:29 | A theory of multineuronal dimensionality
39:10 | Random projections explained with visuals
42:24 | Correcting a reductionist bias
48:30 | Noise Correlations
49:35 | More on Noise Correlations
57:40 | LFADS
01:01:51 | What is a stationary process?
01:06:02 | Inferring single-trial neural population dynamics
01:06:46 | Task Specificity
01:07:28 | Lee Miller
01:08:18 | “I don’t know, I might be wrong”
01:13:16 | Neural Constraints on Learning
01:15:00 | A recent exciting paper from Yu and Batista Labs
01:19:01 | Hume on Causation
// Director & Host: Matt Angle
// Producer: Ali Stuckey
// Editor: Jasper Sams
// Graphic Design: Midnight Measure Design
// Special Thanks: Aditya Singh
Welcome back to Neurotech Pub!
In this episode host Matt Angle speaks with Stuart Cogan, Vanessa Tolosa, Thomas Stieglitz, and Loren Rieth about how to protect neural implants from the harsh environment of the body. This discussion is all about longevity and endurance, and, fittingly, it’s almost 2 hours long. Loren leaves early for a faculty meeting--wonder if his colleagues know that he came straight from the pub?
If you'd like to experience the podcast in video format with interactive references, please click HERE.
03:27 | UTD Neural Interfaces Lab
03:39 | EIC Labs
03:59 | Cogan’s highly-cited review paper
04:16 | Lawrence Livermore National Lab
04:56 | Rieth Lab at the Feinstein Institute
05:18 | Loren’s work with the Utah Array
05:39 | Human peripheral nerve stimulation
05:58 | Preclinical Vegus Nerve stimulation
06:11 | Stieglitz Lab
06:22 | Flexible Electrodes
06:41 | Long Lasting Electrodes
07:41 | Jerry Loeb: Materials Legend
08:29 | Phil Troyk
09:24 | North American Neuromodulation Society
10:44 | Melosh Lab at Stanford
12:53 | Packaging Development
17:02 | Helium Leak Test
19:01 | Work by Pancrazio
21:34 | Finetech-Brindley Stimulator
29:05 | Emerging technology @ University of Sydney
33:10 | Calvin and Hobbes
34:12 | Revolutionizing Prosthetics
35:00 | Canned Utah Array
35:35 | Flip-chip connecting
36:04 | Nick Donaldson: Mr. Clean
36:47 | Failure mode analysis
36:55 | Scaling up the Utah Array
37:54 | DARPA’s NESD Program
38:28 | High density Utah Array
39:52 | The Michigan Probe
40:00 | Vanessa’s work with Loren Frank
42:05 | Parylene C encapsulation
42:56 | Thin film
44:15 | Clean rooms
46:50 | NeuroRoots
47:28| Test structures
49:17 | Implant size
50:35 | Testing strategies
52:40 | NeuroNexus
53:59 | Tissue response studies
54:27 | Cogan Lab’s work on Silicon Carbide
56:10 | DARPA’s HAPTIX Program
56:30 | Reactive Accelerated Aging (RAA)
58:15 | RAA with hydrogen peroxide
58:55 | Deep Brain Stimulation
01:02:55 | Hydrolysis
01:09:00 | Silicon Carbide device
01:10:26 | Neuropixels collaboration
01:19:05 | Atomic Layer Deposition
01:26:55 | Focused research orgs
01:36:14 | Second Sight
01:43:48 | Search for Paradise by Jens Naumaunn
// Director & Host: Matt Angle
// Producer: Ali Stuckey
// Editor: Jasper Sams
// Graphics: Midnight Measure Design
// Special Thanks: Harbaljit ‘Harbi’ Sohal
Welcome back to Neurotech Pub!
In this episode, host Matt Angle speaks with Tim Harris, Cindy Chestek, and Philip "Flip" Sabes about the big programmatic challenges in neurotechnology. We talk about the differences between labs, startups, and large research consortia. We discuss the difference between neuroscience and neuroengineering, and Tim explains how one of the biggest breakthroughs in neurophysiology was the product of….lawyers.
If you'd like to experience the podcast in video format with interactive references, please click HERE.
1:49 Braingate Clinical Trial Program |
2:32 Beata’s New Job at Neuralink |
2:43 Stanford Neural Prosthetics Translational Laboratory |
2:53 Leigh Hochberg |
3:05 Andy Schwartz |
5:14 2020 BCI Award|
8:44 Subjective Experience of Control |
10:39 Closed Loop Calibration |
12:08 Animal Models for Prosthesis Development |
14:21 Keyboard Optimization |
15:33 Tablet PC Control Papers | See Also |
16:01 Palm Pilot Graffiti |
16:24 Frank’s Preprint on Handwriting |
17:40 Video Abstract on Frank’s Work |
21:38 Penfield and Boldrey 1937 |
22:04 A Quick, Lay Summary of Penfield’s Work |
24:21 Hand Knob |
26:43 Output-Null Neural State Space Dimensions |
34:23 Matt Kaufman’s Work |
38:29 Vikash’s work with Paul Nuyujukian |
39:07 Mark Churchland |
42:01 Review Paper by Eb Fetz |
44:18 Chang Lab at UCSF |
44:46 Robert Knight’s Group on Speech Decoding | Imagined Speech |
50:38 Speech Decoding in Hand Knob |
50:55 Phoneme Decoding |
52:48 Auditory Decoding in NHPs |
54:58 Moses et al., 2019|
55:12 Makin et al., 2020 |
1:07:11 Nir’s Paper on Error Signals |
//Director & Host: Matt Angle
//Producers: Ali Stuckey, Avery Bedows
//Editor: Jasper Sams
Welcome to Neurotech Pub, hosted by Paradromics Inc and SynBioBeta.
In this episode, host Matt Angle speaks with Tim Harris, Cindy Chestek, and Philip "Flip" Sabes about the big programmatic challenges in neurotechnology. We talk about the differences between labs, startups, and large research consortia. We discuss the difference between neuroscience and neuroengineering, and Tim explains how one of the biggest breakthroughs in neurophysiology was the product of….lawyers.
If you'd like to experience the podcast in video format with interactive references, please click HERE.
2:04 Jester King Brewery, Dripping Springs, TX |
3:03 Bell Labs |
7:31 Michael Jordan |
9:05 Krishna Shenoy and Reid Harrison |
9:49 Stevenson's Law |
12:10 The Utah Array |
13:43 Neuropixels |
14:06 Dendrites by Nelson Sprusten, Greg Stuart, and Michael Häusser |
24:47 Low-power neural signal processing by Chestek Lab |
26:54 Spike sorting, Dimensionality, and Decoding |
27:30 Neural Task Complexity |
28:43 A 16-beam system that records ~1,000 neurons @ ~10 Hz |
32:16 The Braingate clinical trials |
34:15 Using Muscles as Bioelectronic Amplifiers in Peripheral Nerve Applications |
35:28 Jack Judy, University of Florida |
37:59 Touch Sensation |
38:06 DARPA HAPTIX Program |
39:22 Muscle Taco |
41:22 Janelia Research Campus |
45:59 Steliglitz Lab |
50:50 Power Consumption |
54:31 Eddie Chang and Chang Lab |
55:20 Buzsaki Paper |
55:45 BioRxiv pre-print on the Paradromics Argo System |
56:16 NeuroGrid: Recording Action Potentials from the Surface of the Brain |
1:01:30 Physical Principles for Scalable Neural Recording |
1:02:03 Pierebone lab’s work with DARPA |
1:04:18 Carbon Fiber Ultramicroelectrodes |
1:05:05 IMEC work with nanolaminate |
1:05:05 Picosun and Brown University |
1:05:16 Stuart Cogan |
1:05:18 Michel Maharbiz |
1:07: 08 Takashi Kozai and Daryl Kipke |
1:09:44 Utah Array, Blackrock Microsystems |
1:12:29 DBS for Depression |
1:18:37 The Sewing Machine |
1:22:32 Paradromics Laser Surgical Tool |
1:22:42 Recent Papers from Schaefer and Melosh Group |
1:23:46 Tim Gardner's work on Carbon Fiber Arrays |
1:23:54 Mechanics of Microwire Penetration |
1:25:38 FDA scientists work on Accelerated Aging |
//Director & Host: Matt Angle
//Producers: Ali Stuckey, Avery Bedows
//Editor: Jasper Sams
//Graphics: Midnight Measure Design
