The Netivot Israel Class on Tefilah: Recent Episodes
Moshe Bensoussan
An in-depth look into Tefilah: the Siddur, its history, halacha, and perspective.
Delivered in Netivot Israel Congregation, Tuesday nights at 8:30
In this class we study the 4th blessing of the Amidah, the blessing for Daat. Sometimes translated as 'Guidance' or 'Knowledge' - we explore how this blessing evolved from ancient times until today.
In this class we study the legacy of Piyyut on Shavuot, with a focus on the Azharot. The Azharot are a genre of Piyyut that enumerate the Mitzvot in a didactic list-poem.
In this class we explore the earliest versions of the Beracha we know as Atah Kadosh, and we discuss the genesis and development of the Kedusha.
In this class we explore the origins and development of the second blessing in the Amidah, and we discuss the theologies of resurrection and life-giving.
In this shiur we begin a study of the individual Berachot of the Amidah. I emphasize how important it is to compare the 2 earliest recensions of the Amidah, and how to study the nature of those recensions. We then learn the relevant sources that constitute the background for the text of the first Beracha.
In this shiur we examine the many approaches taken by scholars throughout the generations to interpret and find meaning in the Amidah.
In this class we take a deep dive into the history of the Passover Haggadah by exploring the development of the Seder and the research that unraveled the complex development of the text. This class was delivered on March 27th, 2023 at the Netivot Israel Congregation, in Brooklyn, New York.
To view the slides: https://1drv.ms/f/s!AhrNJHCipcpjg6xB_e5hnC7f9Yyl8g?e=znWTzr
In this shiur we study the history of Nishmat Kol Chai and how it became a part of the Haggadah Shel Pesach.
In this class we begin a lengthy study of the Amidah, most commonly referred to as Shemoneh Esrei. Being that this is the core prayer of Jewish liturgy, we introduce both the history and the scholarship that investigates the history of this essential Tefillah.
In this class we study the earliest examples of poetry for Purim and their effect on later Piyyut and parody.
In this shiur we study the development of the second half of Emet V'Yatziv, popularly referred to as Ezrat Avoteinu.
In this shiur we explore the Tefilah of Emet V'Yatziv. We look at how this prayer illustrates the earliest form of communal worship and synagogue prayer.
In this class we discuss the history of Baruch Shem, a small doxology recited after the declaration of Shema. We discuss its roots in the Temple service, and it's development in Jewish and Christian liturgies.
In this shiur we discuss the 3 words customarily recited before Keriat Shema, by studying the history and the Halachic background. Note: I failed to explain one slide, which was a Gemara that explains that Amen stands for El Melech Ne'eman.
In this shiur we explore the form, content, and message of the second Beracha of Keriat Shema. We look at it's history and development, while noticing its characteristics of a Birchat HaTorah.
In this class we study the content of the Yotzer Beracha, and unravel its origins in the early era of Piyyut.
In this class we discuss the middle section of the Yotzer Beracha, known as the Kedusha of Yotzer. We speak about its ancient origins and compare it with the rest of the data we have about Kedusha in general.
In this class we introduce the Beracha of Yotzer Ohr with a broader discussion about the Berachot of Keriat Shema, studying their purpose and evolution throughout the ages.
In this class we explore the Kaddish and Barechu section of the morning prayer. We search for early evidence of this doxology and we analyze various theories regarding its evolution.
In this class we discuss the closing blessing of the Pesukei d'Zimra: Yishtabach. We try to unravel it's origins by comparing it to other similar blessings.
In this class we study the development of the Pesukei d'Zimra in the Modern Era, and we also discern which additions or innovations are truly Modern.
In this class we try to unravel the origins of medieval additions to the core 6 Psalms of the Pesukei d'Zimra.
In this class we search for the early history of Baruch She'Amar to try and discover when, why, and how it was composed; and then we study a bit of its evolution.
In this class we explore the early history of Pesukei d’Zimra, from ancient times until the middle ages. Correction: R' Yose was a Tanna of the 2nd century, not the 3rd.
In this class we study the long history of the word Amen, and how this response developed into an integral part of Jewish liturgy.
In this class we survey the history of the custom of saying the Mourner's Kaddish and its development throughout the ages. We use this to introduce the Halachic discussion of whether women can say Kaddish. Spoiler alert: Yes, yes they can.
In this class we study the complex history of the Mourner's Kaddish (Kaddish Yatom) and we explore how the Kaddish became associated with burial, death, the deceased and mourners.
In this class we study the ancient history of Kaddish, and we explore the earliest sources for this doxology as well as its development up until the Middle Ages.
In this class we continue studying the Korbanot section of the Siddur, with a focus on the later additions to the section and their nebulous medieval origins.
In this class we introduce the section of the liturgy that contains recitations of passages related to Korbanot. We study why and how this practice of recitation began, the motivations behind it and the evolution of it as a ritual.
In this shiur we discuss the Beracha within the Le'Olam prayer "HaMekadesh Et Shimo Berabim". We look out how it evolved into a Beracha used to die "Al Kiddush Hashem" i.e. for the sake of martyrdom.
In this class we look at the incredible history of the prayer Le'Olam Yihei Adam, which is included in almost every rite. We study the suggestions as to its authorship and the development of the Nuschaot.
In this class we discuss the custom of saying the Torah portion of the Akeidat Yitzchak (the binding of Isaac) before Shacharit. We also discuss the prayer said before and after the portion, which is sourced from the Rosh Hashana prayers.
In this class we explore the origins of the Selichot prayers, and we trace the enormously complex layers of development that brought the modern collections into existence.
In this class we examine the many (optional) morning additions that appeared in the Siddurim of the Modern era, such as Adon Olam and Yigdal. We trace some to medieval times and others to more recent developments.
In this class we explore the long history of Birchas HaTorah, from the Biblical times until today.
In this class we look at the final blessing of the morning blessings, Hamaavir Sheina. We examine its early history from the first source in Talmud Bavli, and we see parallel prayers that may have competed for its place. We also examine the relevant Yehi Ratzon formulas.
In this class we study the most controversial and complex of the Berachot of the "Birchot HaShachar". These 3 negative-tense blessings have a long history worthy of much exploration and thought.
For more advanced students, I would recommend beginning your research with Joseph Tabory's article "The Blessings of Self-Identity" in Kenishta v. 1 (English, Bar Ilan University Press). It's available on the Kotar website.
In this class we take a unique look at the Kinah as a genre, rather than as a survey of the texts. I offer some periodization for the development of the Kinah as it relates to Tisha B'Av.
In this shiur we learn about the morning blessings recited over the activities one performs upon awaking, as prescribed in the Talmud Berachot 60b. We study the history and background, touch upon the homiletics, and discuss some Halachic matters.
In this class we study the origins and development of Elohai Neshama, as well as some of the parallel prayers that were said in other communities. We also take a brief look at Modeh Ani.
In this shiur we study the Beracha of Asher Yatzar from the time of the Gemara (Late Antiquity) until modern times. We look at its textual development, theology, and Halachic development throughout Jewish history.
In this shiur we introduce the topic of the Birchot HaShachar, the Morning Blessings. We learn about the first source for this practice, and discuss how Netilat Yadayim shaped the way we find the blessings fixed and ordered in our Siddur.
In this class we study the history of the Beracha as a liturgical formula and liturgical unit. We examine how the Beracha became the de facto liturgical formula for the Rabbanim and the various stages of its development.
In this class we study the development of the Seder HaTefilah (Liturgy) into a fixed form, and how that liturgy was eventually canonized. We then discuss its evolution into the codex that we call the Siddur, and finally its entry into the world of print.
This class is the first in a series exploring Tefilah (Jewish Liturgy). I provide an advanced introduction for students and scholars interested in beginning their studies in this field.
In this shiur we learn about the life and the Piyyut of R' Avraham Ibn Ezra, one of the great Spanish Rishonim.
In this shiur we take a closer look at R' Yehuda HaLevi's literary output, including the Sefer HaKuzari and his Piyyutim. You follow along using this PDF: http://nextbookpress.com/download/The_Selected_Poems_of_Yehuda_Halevi.pdf
In this shiur we learn about R' Yehuda HaLevi. We study his life and times in preparation for understanding his profound influence on the Jewish people in general and on Piyyut in specifics.
In this shiur we meet one of the greatest Spanish Payytanim, Moshe Ibn Ezra. We learn about his life, his thought, and his Piyyut.
In this shiur we learn about the great Rosh Yeshiva and Payytan of Lucena, R' Yitzchak Ibn Ghiyyat (often mispronounced as Gayuss). We study his Piyyut, his Torah, and his life and times.
In this shiur we learn about Shlomo Ibn Gabirol, one of the greatest Payytanim of all time.
In this shiur we recap our introduction to Spanish Hebrew Poetry, and study some of the people in the orbit of Dunash. We then learn about the life and times of Shmuel HaNaggid, and his incredible poetry.
In this shiur we introduce ourselves to Spanish medieval Hebrew poetry and Piyyut with the first Payytanim of Spain: Menachem Ben Saruk and Dunash Ibn Labrat.
In this shiur we take a break from the regular Tefilah classes in honor of the high holidays, and we focus on the concept of Teshuva. We review the earlier approaches of the Rishonim and delve into a deeper approach suggested by Rabbi Adin Steinsaltz ZT"L.
In this shiur we discuss how the Selichot today are recited, and how the contemporary practices came to be.
In this shiur we study the early history and development of the Selichot and how they evolved into the customs that we are familiar with today in the month of Elul.
In this shiur we discuss the major Payytanim of France, and some of their historical background. We also take a look at a few of their Piyyutim and genres.
In this shiur we discuss how the Italian Payytanim influenced the Ashkenaz Siddur, with the major figures being Eliah Bar Shemayah of Bari and Binyamin Ben Zerach.
In this shiur we discuss the Piyyutim of the famous Chassidei Ashkenaz, with the broader context of their lives and times.
In this shiur we learn about the Payytanim of the Second and Third Crusades, and give the background of their lives and context for the Piyyutim (and specifically Kinnot) that they wrote.
In this shiur we study the Piyyut and the personalities of the Payytanim of the First Crusade.
In this shiur we introduce the topic of Ashkenazic Piyyut and study the history of how many persecutions and especially the Crusades shaped this family of Piyyut.
In this shiur we learn about the life and times of the first Payytan of Ashkenaz, R' Shimon ben Yitzchak. We then study some of his Piyyut and poetic style.
In this shiur we discuss the early poet-sages of Northern Italy, marked by the the great Kalonymus family as well as other figures such as R' Shlomo HaBavli. We seek to explain their influence on German Jewry and Tefillah.
In this shiur we look at the history of Jews in Italy in the Middle ages, and try to develop an understanding of the Payytanim that lived in this time. We explore the Megillat Ahima'ats, and the Piyyutim that are still recited to this day.
In this class we learn about the fascinating life of R' Yosef Ibn Abitur, a hugely influential Rabbi and poet that lived in 10th century Spain and (in the 11th century) Cairo.
In this shiur we explore the life and poetry of R' Shmuel HaShlishi, a Payytan that has been long forgotten. The rediscovery of his works and experiences revealed that they are very much worth our study today.
In this class we begin studying the Late-Oriental period of Piyyut, and we focus on one of the most influential people in Jewish history, R' Sa'adyah Gaon, who made significant contributions to the world of Piyyut.
In this shiur we study the Classical Period of Piyyut, and discuss the influence of R. Eleazar b. Kallir and his colleagues.
In this shiur we explore the research and history of Eleazar HaKallir, as an introduction to further study regarding his works and legacy.
In this shiur we learn about Yannai HaPaytan, and we follow the 200-year long investigation into who he was and the Piyyutim that he wrote.
In this shiur we explore the life and work of Yose ben Yose, the earliest Payytan known to us by name.
In this shiur we introduce a new series on Piyyutim and the Payytanim. We begin with a general overview of the genre and it's history, and in the coming classes we will discuss the individual Payytanim and their poems.
In this shiur we explore the response of the leader to the questions posed in the Mah Nishtana, "Avadim Hayinu". We also briefly discuss the concept of freedom as it relates to Judaism.
In this shiur we study the section of Maggid, and open it up with the introductory questions famously known as Mah Nishtana. We dive deep into the history of the text of these 4 questions.
In this shiur we continue our study of the Haggadah with the breaking of the Matzah (Yachatz) and the Aramaic introduction to Maggid, Ha Lachma Anya. We also explore the many customs associated with this part of the Seder.
In this shiur we begin going through the text of the Haggadah Shel Pesach, and we cover the rituals and Tefilot that are either still practiced or extinct. We cover the first rhyme, Kiddush, Netilah, and Karpas.
In this shiur we begin our study of the Haggadah Shel Pesach (the Passover Haggadah). We study the history and development of the book itself, before diving more deeply into it's components.
In this shiur we study the end of Birkat HaMazon: all of the HaRachamans, Tefilot and themes that are customarily recited after HaTov ViHaMeitiv.
In this shiur we discuss the 4th Beracha of Birkat HaMazon. We study the history, the text, and the development of a special version of the prayer for mourners.
In this shiur we discuss the third Beracha in Birkat HaMazon, known in the Gemara as Boneh Yerushalayim. We study it's history, the various rites, and the additions for the Shabbat.
In this shiur we study the second Beracha of Birkat HaMazon, Birkat HaAretz. Similarly to Birkat HaZan, we follow the history of its development and study the ideas within the text.
In this shiur we study the history, development, and text of the first Beracah of Birkat HaMazon. We also explore a bit of the older Minhagim and the ideas within it.
In this shiur we discuss the Birkat HaZimun, the introductory ritual before Birkat HaMazon where we invite our companions to say the blessing together. We also look at the customs of various introductions to the Zimun.
In this shiur we introduce our series on Birkat HaMazon. We look at the primary sources in Chazal, with an emphasis on dating the earliest forms of the Tefilah.
In this shiur we continue our discussion of the Amidah of Yom Tov, by discussing the elements that distinguish the Musaf Amidah from the standard Amidah of Yom Tov. Especially in regards to the Ashkenaz Minhagim.
In this shiur we begin learning about the Tefilot of Yom Tov, beginning with the Amidah that is standard for Shacharit, Mincha and Arvit. We study the history, the text, the themes and variations that developed over the ages.
In this shiur we discuss the authorship, the text, and the ideas of the Musaf of Rosh Chodesh. We also discuss removing the Tefillin and the Shabbat Musaf of Rosh Chodesh.
In this shiur we briefly discuss the Keriat Hatorah of Rosh Chodesh, and then begin our study of the history and themes of the Musaf Shemoneh Esrei for Rosh Chodesh.
In this shiur we digress slightly from our study of the Rosh Chodesh liturgy in honor of Chanukah. Specifically, we look at how Hallel and Chanukah are deeply related and the history of this relationship.
In this shiur we study the history, ideas, and customs of Hallel, with a particular emphasis on Rosh Chodesh.
In this shiur we study the mysterious history of Yaaleh V'Yavoh, and try to understand it's development over the past two thousand years.
In this shiur we discuss the custom of observing Yom Kippur Kattan (also known as Mishmeret HaChodesh), with all of it's accompanied Selichot. We also discuss saying Barchi Nafshi before Arvit.
In this shiur we discuss the blessing upon seeing the new moon, known as Kiddush Levana or Birchat HaLevana. We study the early sources for the blessing and it's accompanying texts, and even discuss a controversy following the Apollo moon landing.
In this shiur we begin our study of the liturgy of Rosh Chodesh. We examine the history of this minor holiday, and track the development of prayers that proclaim and announce the new month.
In this shiur we discuss the Havdalah at home and in the synagogue. We examine the source of all the Berachot and of the prayers and songs that have developed around the Havdalah.
In this shiur we begin our discussion of Havdalah by tracing its etymology and its origins, and also track some of its early development into the liturgy. We then study the first composition of Havdalah, which is known today as Atah Chonantanu.
In this shiur we discuss all of the elements that make the Arvit of Motzei Shabbat unique from the standard weekday Arvit. And we explore the many customs that developed throughout the ages.
In this shiur we finish out discussion of the Mincha of Shabbat. We look deeper into the history and themes of the Kaddish, the Amidah, Tzidkatecha, and Odeh LaHashem.
In this shiur we discuss the additions that make Mincha of Shabbat distinct from a weekday Mincha, namely U'ba LeTzion and Keriat HaTorah. We examine their history, and explore why it is that a Haftarah is not read.
In this shiur we discuss complex history of the Kedusha of Musaf (Shabbat), as well as the closing sections after the Chazzans repetition.
In this shiur we continue our discussion about the Musaf. We study the earliest sources regarding how the prayer was practiced and evolved, and then we examine the texts that are familiar to us along with the commentaries.
In this shiur we discuss the introductions to the Musaf, and the institution of the prayer. We also examine some of the Halachot.
In this shiur we discuss the Berachot of the Haftarah, as well as the additional prayers and petitions of the Keriat HaTorah portion of the Shabbat morning Tefilah.
In this shiur we discuss the history of the Haftarah, the selected readings from Neviim that follow Keriat HaTorah. We trace the development from Mishnaic times until today.
In this shiur we review the history of Keriat HaTorah, and specifically we take a look at the history of the development of the Shabbat reading, according to the annual cycle that we use today.
In this shiur we discuss the Kedusha of Shabbat Shacharit, which differs from the weekday Kedusha in the Ashkenaz rite. We examine the broader history of the Kedusha and how this practice might have developed.
In this shiur we discuss the Amidah of Shabbat morning. We look at the earliest origins of Yismach Moshe, and we study the themes of the prayer as well as some variations in Minhag.
In this shiur we discuss the text of the Yotzer of Shabbat. We study the themes and the ideas, and we learn some of the nuances brought out by the commentators.
In this shiur we discuss the history of the poetic insertions within the Birchot Keriat Shema on Shabbat. Including Hakol Yoducha, El Adon, and LaEl Asher Shavat.
In this shiur we analyze the form, body and text of the Tefilah. We also examine claims made regarding the dating and attribution of certain sections.
In this shiur we discuss the history and sources for the Tefilah of Nishmat. We also examine why it found a place in the Shabbat morning Pesukei D'Zimra.
In this shiur we begin to discuss the Shabbat morning Shacharit. We commenced with the Pesukei D'Zimra and we study how they are distinguished from the weekday repertoire.
In this shiur we explore the history of the custom to sing songs (Zemirot) by the Shabbat table, and how it developed into the form we know today.
In this shiur we analyze the Kiddush of Friday night as it appears in the Siddurim and the Birkonim, as well as the customs and the many passages that are said in accompaniment.
In this shiur we discuss the Kiddush, by beginning with its early history and development into the Kiddush in the synagogue as well as the Kiddush of the the meals of Shabbat.
In this shiur we discuss the unique Shemoneh Esrei of the Arvit of Shabbat, and its pseudo-repetition, the "Me'ein Sheva". We study the history, the Halachot, and relevant Minhagim.
In this shiur we begin to examine the Arvit of Shabbat, and discuss how this Arvit is different from the weekday prayer. We also look at some of the early Nuschaot and customs that are no longer practiced.
In this shiur we discuss the elements of Kabbalat Shabbat that were added later than those discussed in Part 1; such as Lecha Dodi and Shir HaShirim. We also study the reasons behind many Minhagim pertaining to Kabbalat Shabbat.
In this shiur we discuss the early history of Kabbalat Shabbat in the liturgy, and we track its early development into a fully formed part of the Siddur.
In this shiur we introduce the series of shiurim on the Shabbat liturgy. We discuss what makes the Tefilot of Shabbat different from the ordinary weekday prayers, and what we can expect to discuss in future shiurim.
In this shiur we discuss the Beracha of HaMapil, as well as the many other additions to the bedtime Keriat Shema order found in the Siddurim today.
In this shiur we begin our discussion of the nightly prayers which are said at bedtime. We start with Kerat Shema and some of the prayer additions that were added over time.
In this shiur we discuss the text of Baruch Hashem and Yiru Eineinu. We then finish the remaining sections of Arvit, the many extinct Minhagim and the few surviving ones as well.
In this shiur we examine the many different accounts and theories regarding the inception of the additional Beracha in Arvit, which begins with "Baruch Hashem" and closes with "Yiru Eineinu".
In this shiur we discuss the Beracha of Hashkiveinu. It is the last of the main Berachot of Keriat Shema, and we explore its purpose, its history and its text.
In this shiur we discuss the concepts of Yetziat Mitzrayim and how they take form in the Arvit Tefilah: with the addition of VaYomer and the Beracha of Emet Ve'Emuna.
In this shiur we discuss the first two Berachot of Keriat Shema of Arvit. We follow their history and placement, and spend some time analyzing the words themselves.
In this shiur we introduce the Tefilah of Arvit, and pay attention to its early history and Halachic framework. We also examine the Minhagim of various introductory prayers that evolved over the centuries in the beginning of Arvit.
In this shiur we take a break from our regular schedule in honor of Chanukah. We study the prayer of Al HaNissim and its history.
In this shiur we discuss Mincha, the afternoon service. We look at how the prayer developed; all of the customs, insertions and deletions throughout its history.
In this shiur we look at the text of Aleinu itself, and take a deeper look at how the text gives us hints of its history. We also discuss the Kaddish Yatom (Mourners Kaddish), and various insertions that were printed in the Siddur after Shacharit.
In this shiur we explore the long history of the final prayer of the davening, the praise of Aleinu LeShabeach. We trace its origins, and we trace the custom to say it at the end of Tefilah.
In this shiur we cover the penultimate portion of Tefilah, the section that precedes Aleinu in the Sephardic version. This extends from Kaveh to Amar R' Elazar.
In this shiur we discuss the Shir Shel Yom. We look at its history, the content, and the various Nuschaot that have evolved over the past 1500 years.
In this shiur we discuss the text of U'va LeTzion itself, and we also explore the history of the second paragraph that begins "Baruch Elokeinu".
In this shiur we explore the many different theories surrounding the history of U'va LeTzion. We also look at certain Halachot that have a close relevance.
In this shiur we continue exploring the Tefilot after Shemoneh Esrei. We discuss the history and Halachot of the Kaddish, Ashrei, and Lam'Natzeach.
In this shiur we look at the rest of the order of Keriat HaTorah,; namely the Pesukim recited before the Keriah, the Berachot, and the Pesukim said when returning the Torah to the Heichal.
In this shiur we discuss the history of Keriat HaTorah, and we delve into the liturgical portions of the Mitvah.
In this shiur we examine the texts of the longer Techinot that are said on Mondays and Thursdays. We also cover some of the backgrounds and the relevant Halachot.
In this shiur we introduce the Techinot that are customarily said every Monday and Thursday after the regular Tachanun.
In this shiur we discuss the closing verses of the weekday Tachanun after Nefilat Apayim. We look at why these Pesukim were chosen, and the history of the various Piyuttim that are woven in.
In this shiur we discuss the section of Tachanun where we customarily "fall on our faces". This also involves a discussion of Perek 6 and 25 of Tehillim that are said by Ashkenazim and Sepharadim respectively.
In this shiur we discuss the 13 Middot, the Attributes of Mercy that are recited daily by the congregation along with the Chazzan. We study the ideas and the history of this Seder that was in use since the time of Moshe Rabbeinu.
In this shiur we discuss Viduy, the first part of the daily Tachanun in the modern Sephardic Siduurim. We discuss the ideas, Halachot, and history of this insertion.
In this shiur we introduce the section immediately following the Shemoneh Esrei, Nefilat Apayim or "Tachanun". We examine the history, the customs, and the early sources.
In this shiur we discuss the history and the Halachot of Chazarat HaShatz. We take a deeper look into it's importance, and slow discuss some of the Minhagim.
In this shiur we discuss the closing verses and paragraphs said after the completion of Shemoneh Esrei. We look at the sources, the Halachot, the history and the ideas in many of these prayers.
In this shiur we discuss the final Beracha of Shemoneh Esrei. We explore the ideas, the history, and the Halachot related to both this Beracha and to the related "Shalom Rav" as well.
In this shiur we discuss the addition of Birkat Kohanim in the Chazarah of Shemoneh Esrei. We look at the history, the Halacha, and the ideas surrounding this Beracha.
In this shiur we discuss the eighteenth Beracha of Shemoneh Esrei: Modim. We study the history, the text, and the Halachot. We also discuss Modim DeRabanan.
In this shiur we explore one of the most ancient Berachot of Shemoneh Esrei, the Beracha known as "Avodah" or Ritzeh. We trace it's origins back to the Beit HaMikdash, and we study the text, the lessons, and the history of its form.
In this shiur we discuss the Beracha of Shomea Tefilah, a general prayer to Hashem to accept our Tefilot. We look at the structure, the Halachot, the history and the various Nuschaot that we can learn from.
In this shiur we discuss the 14th and 15th Berachot of Shemoneh Esrei. We look at their complicated histories, with many different Nuschaot throughout. We also look at many of the ideas related to the Geulah.
In this shiur we discuss the Beracha of Al HaTzadikim. We look at the ideas, the associations, and the historical elements that raise questions about when the Beracha received its final form.
In this shiur we move on to Birchat HaMinim, a Beracha with a long and difficult history which we go on to explore. We also discuss the associations, the text, the Kabbalistic ideas, and modern versions of this Beracha.
In this shiur we discuss the next two Berachot of Shemoneh Esrei. These two begin the section of petitions for communal needs. We study the text, the history, the associations and the relevant Halachot.
In this shiur we discuss Barech Aleinu, the final blessing in Shemoneh Esrei which makes requests for the individual. We examine the history of the various versions, the Halacha, and we discuss the ideas within the Beracha itself.
In this shiur we continue our discussion of the 18 Berachot of Shemona Esrei. We look at the following two Bakashot of Geulah and Refuah, and we discuss their ideas, their history, and Halachot.
In this Shiur we discuss the fifth and sixth Berachot of Shemoneh Esrei. We study the text, the ideas, and the Nusach of the Berachot throughout history.
In this shiur we discuss the fourth Beracha of Shemoneh Esrei. We look at the text, the ideas, the Mussar, and the history of the Nusach over the past two millennia.
In this shiur we discuss the Kedusha of the Chazara portion of the Amidah (the Chazzans repetition). We discuss its difficult history, the variation in Nusach throughout the millennia, and the ideas and Halacha relevant to the Tefilah.
In this shiur we discuss the third Beracha of Shemoneh Esrei. We look at the history of the text and various Nuschaot, we look at the associations that Chazal made to this Beracha, and finally we delve into the idea of Kedusha.
In this shiur we discuss the second Beracha of the Shemoneh Esrei, Atah Gibor. We look at the ideas, the text, and the relevant Halachot.
In this shiur we discuss the first Beracha of Shemoneh Esrei. We examine current and the older Nuschaot, and we also delve into the ideas which were woven into this Tefilah by the Anshei Knesset HaGedolah. We also mention some of the relevant Minhagim.
In this shiur we discuss the history of the Shemoneh Esrei in general, rather than focusing on each individual blessing. We speak about the primary sources, and take a survey of the topics which we will encounter in our study of this quintessential Tefilah.
In this shiur we discuss the next part of the Birchot Keriat Shema, the section of Emet VeYatziv that begins with the words Ezrat Avoteinu. We explore the history, the text, and the various ideas represented in the Tefilah.
In this shiur we discuss the text of the Beracha 'Emet VeYatziv'. We look at the content, ideas, structure, and numerology. We also mention the Kabbalistic underpinnings of the Berachas first paragraph.
In this shiur we examine the history of Emet VeYatziv. We trace it's source in the Mishnayot all the way to various claims of it's authorship, and we look at the main outline of the Beracha before we begin to study the text itself.
In this shiur we discuss the final paragraph of Shema beginning with Vayomer. We look at the relationship between Tzitzit, Yetziat Mitzrayim, and Shema. We also discuss various Minhagim that evolved throughout history.
In this shiur we discuss the next paragraph of Shema, ViHaya Im Shamoa. We look at the Halachot and the themselves in Parahat Eikev, and we explore the ideas that Moshe Rabbeinu conveyed to the Jewish people. We also contrast its messages to the messages of the first paragraph.
In this shiur we discuss the first paragraph of Shema. We look at the 10 mitzvot contained in it, the text itself, and the concept of Ahavat Hashem on various levels.
In this shiur we discuss the verse 'Baruch Shem Kevod...' which is recited quietly after the verse of Shema Yisrael. We delve into the history of its roots, and we look closely at the Midrashim and Gemarot that discuss it. We also spend a little time discussing the relevant Halachot.
In this shiur we discuss the first and main Posuk of our obligation: Shema Yisrael. We look at the history, the meaning, the Halachot and the relevant theologies such as Yichud, Kabbalat Ol Malchut Shamayim, and Ahavat Hashem.
In this shiur we discuss the reasons that Keriat Shema is in the Tefilah, the source of the Mitzvah, and we introduce the topics of Keriat Shema that we will need to cover in the following shiurim. We also spend some time explaining it's relation to Chanukah and the mission of the Chashmonaim.
In this shiur we discuss the text of Ahavat Olam itself, and we highlight various elucidations of the commentaries. We also look at its position before Keriat Shema, and some of the Halacha and Kabbalah related to it's recital.
In this shiur we discuss the second Beracha before Keriat Shema, known to the Sephardim as Ahavat Olam, and Ahava Rabah to the Ashkenazim. We look at the early history of the Beracha, certain unusual claims regarding it's authorship, and the concepts of Ahavat Hashem that are relevant to the Tefilah.
In this shiur we discuss the closing paragraph of Yotzer Ohr. We look at the text, the history, the Halacha and the Kabbalah as discussed by the commentators.
In this shiur we discuss the actual Kedusha of Yotzer Ohr itself. We discuss it's history and the Halachot of saying it when praying alone. We also spoke about the Kabbalistic intentions and background to the Kedusha.
In this shiur we discuss the beginning of the Kedusha of Yotzer, starting with the words Titbarach LaNetzach. We discuss the nature of Malachim, and the significance of meditating and speaking about their Avodah in Tefilah. We then study the text and some of the Halacha regarding this section.
In this shiur we discuss the Piyut in the first Beracha of Keriat Shema, Kel Baruch. We look at the history and possible authorship, the text, some of the Kabbalistic sources, and the Halachot of adding Piyutim to Keriat Shema.
In this shiur we discuss the first two paragraphs of Yotzer Ohr. We look at the Halacha, the Nusach, the sources, and the Kabbalah which make up the structure of this first part.
In this shiur we discuss the next section of Tefilah, which contains the Berachot of Keriat Shema. We delve into the nature of Olam HaBeriah, the history of the Berachot, and discuss their Halachic status.
In this shiur we discuss the Chazzan's call of Barechu, and the congregations' response. We look for the source for this part of the Tefilah, and we discuss the Halachot that developed around its prominent place in davening. We also mentioned the various Minhagim and Kabbalisic sources for them.
In this shiur we discuss the closing Beracha of Pisukei D'Zimrah, and take a trip into the history of its date and authorship. We also speak about the Halachot, the Nuschaot, and the significance of this Tefilah.
In this shiur we continue our discussion of Az Yashir with looking at the Shira itself. We first approach the concept of Shira in general, and then spend a bit of time on the text. Lastly, we discuss the history and Halachot of the additional Pesukim that are recited after Az Yashir before Yishtabach.
In this shiur we discuss the liturgical history of Az Yashir: how and when it became part of the Pesukei DeZimrah in our Siddur. We also source the various reasons suggested for it's insertion, and the relevant Halachot.
In this shiur we discuss the second part of Va'Yevarech David, which is sourced from Sefer Nehemiah (Perek 9). We discuss the biblical and liturgical history of the Shirah, and we take a look at the ideas presented within it.
In this shiur we discuss the entry of Va'Yevarech David into the Pesukei DeZimrah. We look at the biblical history, the liturgical history, the customs and the Kabbalistic significance of these verses of praise.
In this shiur we discuss the 4 verses that follow the main core of Pesukei DeZimrah. These four verses, each beginning with Baruch, have long been a part of the Siddur. We try to discover why and how this happened.
In this shiur we discuss the last Halleluyah in Pesukei DeZimrah, the final chapter of Tehillim (150). We look at the text, the ideas, the Minhagim, the importance of the Tehila, and various Halachot which are learned out of this Perek as well.
In this shiur we examine the penultimate Halleluyah, Perek 149 in Tehillim. We delve into the Nevuah of David Hamelech, the time of Mashiach, and the power of Kriat Shema al Hamitah.
In this shiur we discuss the third Halleluyah, Perek 148 in Tehillim. We look at the general themes of this Perek, as well as some of the finer ideas alluded to by David Hamelech.
In this shiur we discuss the second Halleluyah in Pisukei DeZimrah. We look at the text, the content, and we also explore the ideas raised by David Hamelech in this Psalm.
In this shiur we discuss the first Halleluyah after Ashrei, which is Perek 146 in Tehillim. We take a look at the text, and we explore the ideas described within by David Hamelech.
In this shiur we analyze the text of Ashrei, with a focus on the analysis of the Malbim. We attempt to convey both the ideas and the messages which he saw in the Pesukim.
In this shiur we discuss Ashrei externally. We look at the history of it's inclusion in the Tefilah, and we discuss it's concepts, it's significance, and it's format. We thereby prepare ourselves to discuss the text itself in the following shiur.
In this shiur we discuss Yehi Chivod, a collection of 18 verses that are recited daily in the Pisukei DeZimrah. We look at the history, the concepts, the text and the Halacha surrounding this Mizmor.
In this shiur we discuss the first Mizmor in Pesukei DeZimrah: Mizmor LeTodah. We look at the history of its inclusion in the Siddur and its authorship, and we expound on the ideas inherent in the Korban Todah it represents. We also discuss various relevant Minhagim.
In this shiur we give a broad overview of Baruch She'amar, and we discuss the elucidations of the early commentators. We look at the text and its variations, and we delve into the midrashic and philosophical interpretations that are offered.
In this shiur we introduce Baruch She'amar, and we take a deep dive into tracing its origin. We also look at the important ideas that encompass this Beracha.
In this shiur, we discuss one final custom after Hodu, which is the recitation of Tehillim 67. We look at the sources, the history and the meaning behind it as well.
In this shiur we discuss the Pesukim that customarily follow Hodu in virtually all Siddurim today, beginning with Romimu Hashem. We also discuss Aromimcha and Hashem Melech, and we cover the history, Halachot, and commentaries.
In this shiur we continue to look at Hodu, this time taking a closer look at the actual text. We discuss the three approaches taken by the commentators in understanding Hodu, and we present an overview of each approach.
In this shiur we discuss the first of the Pisukei DeZimrah, the song of Hodu. We look at its biblical history, its liturgical history, and we examine the theology of thanksgiving in the eyes of Chazal. We also look briefly at the first Posuk.
In this shiur we discuss the upcoming section of Pisukei DeZimrah. We look at the theology of praising Hashem, the history of the development of this section, and we study the sources and purposes for its institution.
In this shiur we discuss the response of "Amen". We look at the sources, the history, and the etymology. We also study the ideas that make Amen really important, and the relevant Halachot.
In this shiur we discuss the Kaddish de-Rabanan, the Kaddish that is said after Torah study. It is also recited here in the Tefilah after study-like sections. We look at the sources, the ideas, the text and the Halachot.
In this shiur we discuss the first (and original) paragraph of Kaddish. We discuss the themes related to the future Geulah and Amalek, and also take a closer look at the text.
In this shiur we discuss the theories for why Kaddish was written in Aramaic, as well as why some Hebrew text is interspersed. We also take a look at what role the angels play in the efficacy of our Tefilot.
In this shiur we look at the history and origin of Kaddish, and we study the primary Talmudic sources for it. We also familiarize ourselves with the main ideas inherent in the Tefilah.
In this shiur we discuss the 13 principles of Rabbi Yishmael and their place in the Siddur. We look at the history and context of the entry, and we study each one of the principles. This shiur concludes the section of the Tefilah which precedes Pisukei D'Zimrah.
In this shiur we discuss the Perek Eizehu Mekoman, which is found in virtually all Siddurim before Rabbi Yishmael. We discuss the reasons for saying it, the history, the Halachot, and we also learn the entire Perek.
In this shiur we discuss the Pesukim and Tefillot that were added to close the main corpus of the Seder HaAvodah in the Siddur (aside from Eizehu Mekoman).
In this shiur we continue to study the section of the Ketoret. We look at the various customs that have emerged regarding its recital, and we spend some time on understanding the text of the Beraitot presented in the Siddur.
In this shiur we continue the portion of the Avodah with the service of the Ketoret. We discover how this Avodah is unique and why it is important to recite it daily.
In this shiur we discuss the portion of the Korban Tamid. We look at the verses, the Mishna, the history of it's recital as well as the concepts behind the Korban.
Im this shiur we analyze the Parshiot of the Kiyor and the Terumat Hadeshen, which is said daily by Ashkenazic communities. We also describe the earliest activities in the morning service of the Beit Hamikdash.
In this shiur we introduce the section of the Korbanot. We look at the sources, the Halachot, and the theologies related to our understanding of the Korbanot.
In this shiur we discuss the last two paragraphs of the LeOlam prayer, as well as the closing Beracha of Mekadesh Shemo Berabim. We look at the history, Halacha, and concepts.
In this shiur we continue to discuss the Tefilah of that begins with "Leolam," from Ribon HaOlamim until the Shema. We review the history, the sources and the meaning behind the the words.
In this shiur we discuss the customary recitation of the Mishna "Eilu Devarim" and we introduce the Tefilah beginning with the words LeOlam. We examine the history, Halacha, and content.
In this shiur we discuss the custom of reciting the Torah section of the Akeida at the beginning of Shacharit; looking at the sources, the Halachot, and the related themes.
In this shiur we discuss the Tefilah of Tikun Chatzot. We look at its history, the major concepts, and the Halachot.
In this shiur we discuss the various unpopular additions to the morning Tefilah, which are said by a minority of people in our time. Including Patach Eliyahu, Yedid Nefesh and more.
In this shiur we discuss various (optional) additions to the morning Tefilot that are popularly recited by many Jews. Including Adon Olam, Yigdal and Ma Tovu.
In this shiur we discuss the three Berachot of Birchot Hatorah, as well as the customary recitations that follow it. We cover the history, text, ideas and Halacha of the Berachos.
In this shiur we discuss the Beracha of Hamaavir Sheina and the included Yehi Ratzon. We also discuss the subsequent Tefillah, the Yehi Ratzon of Rebbi Yehuda.
In this shiur we discuss the next couple of Berachot in the order of Birchot Hashachar. We look at the formats, as well as the practical and mystical lessons contained within.
In this shiur we discuss the next 5 Berachot of Birchot Hashachar. Following the order of the Sepharadim, we delve into the text from Pokeach Ivrim until Hanoten LaYaeif Koach.
In this shiur we discuss the history and the format of the Birchot Hashachar, and begin an in-depth discussion of each Beracha with an exploration of the first, Hanoten LaSechvi Binah.
In this shiur we discuss the Beracha of Elokai Neshama: its history, its language, its format, and its derivative, Modeh Ani.
In this shiur we examine the Beracha of Asher Yatzar: the history, the text, and the concepts.
In this shiur we discuss Berachot: why they are so important to us, and why we say so many of them throughout the day. We also discuss the first Beracha of the morning, Netilat Yadayim.
In this shiur we discuss the concepts of Kavanah and the various meditations related to prayer. We then introduce the common structures that are found in the Siddur, and how they relate to meditation and design.
In this shiur we discuss the history of the Siddur and it's development, from the time of the First Beit Hamikdash until today.
In this shiur we discuss why we pray, what constitutes a proper Tefilah, and we analyze the major concepts behind the different forms of prayer.