World Health Investigation Podcast

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AI isn’t your therapist, your saviour, or your shortcut to a healthier world. So why is Big Tech selling it like it is? In this episode, we ask the messy, uncomfortable questions: Who pays the price for innovation? What happens when Big Tech plants massive data centres in countries facing drought? And is AI a lifesaving tool… or just the newest form of digital colonisation?

Key sources:

Your ChatGPT privacy questions answered. A guide for students (and everyone else) using ChatGPT – https://pirg.org/edfund/resources/chatgpt-privacy/
Reimagining Global Health through Artificial Intelligence: The Roadmap to AI Maturity – https://www.broadbandcommission.org/publication/reimagining-global-health-through-artificial-intelligence/
Obermeyer et al., 2019, “Dissecting racial bias in an algorithm used to manage the health of populations.” – https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31649194/
A bottle of water per email: the hidden environmental costs of using AI chatbots – https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2024/09/18/energy-ai-use-electricity-water-data-centers/
Protesters halt new data center – https://www.dw.com/en/protesters-halt-new-data-center/video-71397452
ChatGPT and large language models: what's the risk? https://www.ncsc.gov.uk/blog-post/chatgpt-and-large-language-models-whats-the-risk

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Feeling overwhelmed, burnt out, or struggling to adopt healthy habits, even when you’re “doing all the right things”? You’re not alone, Globies. Season 4 starts with a reality check: wellness isn’t just yoga mats and green juice. We’re digging into burnout, daily routines, and the hidden forces that shape your health, like your postcode. We’re mixing vibes with verified research, sass with stats, and giving you the unfiltered truth about what it actually takes to live a healthy lifestyle in 2025.

News: https://www.who.int/news/item/24-05-2025-seventy-eighth-world-health-assembly---daily-update--24-may-2025

Key sources:

Making health habitual: the psychology of ‘habit-formation’ and general practice: https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3505409/#:~:text=HABIT%20FORMATION%20AND%20HEALTH&text=Decades%20of%20psychological%20research%20consistently,(that%20is%2C%20habitually).
NHS Digital (2022). Health Survey for England 2021: Health-related behaviours, adult health status and wellbeing. https://digital.nhs.uk/data-and-information/publications/statistical/health-survey-for-england/2021
Greater London Authority (2021). London Green Space Access Map and Data. https://data.london.gov.uk/dataset/public-open-space-london
Habit formation and change. Simple decisions, complex habits. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3505409/

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GLOBIESS!!! Our previous episode got so juicy that we decided we need a PART II!!! What is the impact of religious leaders on global health? In this episode, we explore how religious leaders historically provided healthcare, especially in underserved areas. We discuss how religious beliefs influence mental well-being, citing examples from various faiths like Buddhism and Christianity. We address a breath of controversies and ethical considerations, emphasizing the need for balance between religious beliefs and healthcare practices.

Now, on to you. Is there a way to bridge the gap between religion and health to improve the future of global health? How has your faith improved your wellbeing? Tell us your thoughts.

Sources:

In the news: https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2024/apr/17/nestle-adds-sugar-to-infant-milk-sold-in-poorer-countries-report-finds

Additional Resources:

Ahmed, S. M. et al. (2011). The health workforce crisis in Bangladesh: shortage, inappropriate skill-mix and inequitable distribution. Human Resources for Health, 9(1), 3.
World Health Organisation. (2004). WHO: Faith-based organizations play a significant role in the fight against HIV/AIDS.
Strawbridge, W. J. et al. (1997). Frequent attendance at religious services and mortality over 28 years. American Journal of Public Health, 87(6), 957-961.

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We've got some divine tea for you globies!!! In this episode, we shed some light on the BBC documentary that pulls back the curtain on T.B. Joshua, founder of the Synagogue Church of All Nations and a figure who's been both revered and reviled. From alleged miracles to shocking revelations of abuse, we're uncovering the truth about how religious leaders shape our well-being.

We’ll analyse real-life accounts and dissect the mechanisms through which religious leaders influence diet, exercise, and even medical care-seeking behaviours.

Now onto you- should individuals seek healthcare solutions in religious miracles? Tell us your thoughts.

In the news:

Morse, S. S., Mazet, J. A., Woolhouse, M., Parrish, C. R., Carroll, D., Karesh, W. B., ... & Daszak, P. (2012). Prediction and prevention of the next pandemic zoonosis. The Lancet, 380(9857), 1956-1965.

Case study:

BBC News. (2023). "Unmasking T.B. Joshua." Retrieved from [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UZZVQxjXWCg]

Additional resources:

Smith, K. F., Goldberg, M., Rosenthal, S., Carlson, L., Chen, J., Chen, C., ... & Zambrana-Torrelio, C. (2014). Global rise in human infectious disease outbreaks. Journal of The Royal Society Interface, 11(101), 20140950.
Ahmadi, K., Ghazinour, M., & Sadeghi, M. (2020). The role of religious leaders in promoting health and preventing addiction: A qualitative study. Journal of Religion and Health, 59(3), 1429-1440.

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Happy New Year Globies!!! As we kickstart 2024, we continue striving towards health equity for all! This time round, we dive into the world of "I, Daniel Blake", a film that pulls back the curtain on the tangled mess of bureaucracy and societal struggles. We tackle the film's portrayal of poverty in Europe and discuss how it shaped our views on welfare systems and digitalisation. Andddd wait until you hear our hilarious game segment where we dish out "global health-related awards" to the characters. Spoiler alert: we've got some quirky categories! Let's keep those meaningful conversations rolling! 🌍💬 And remember, banter is the best medicine... well, that and actual medicine!

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Did somebody say it’s the END OF 2023? As Globies, it’s important we reflect on global health events as we end the year. We delve into our Top 5 Global Health News headlines of 2023, coupled with a FILM REVIEWWW. This episode steps into the dynamic realm of MTV Shuga Naija Season 5, delving deep into the intersections of compelling drama and vital global health issues. This season, based in Lagos, Nigeria, deftly confronts societal challenges such as forced marriages, gender-based violence, HIV/AIDS stigma, and the COVID-19 pandemic. Join us as we unpack the courageous journeys of characters like Mohini, navigating arranged marriages; Simi, grappling with HIV disclosure; and Haleel, bravely standing up against domestic abuse. Tune in for an insightful exploration of how MTV Shuga Naija Season 5 offers an eye-opening and thought-provoking viewing experience, just for YOU :)

Sources:

World Bank Study of MTV Shuga - https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2017/02/23/mtv-shuga-soap-opera-turns-edutainment-into-a-tool-to-fight-hiv-and-gender-based-violence

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Did somebody say it's the start of Season 3? We took a break, but we have a few things we've been hoping to deliver for you behind the scenes. First of all, make sure to check out BRAND NEW WEBSITE (whipodcast.com), where you can find all our recent news, updates and more.

**Now back to the podcast. We kickstart this season as your guides to the world of poverty. We dive deep into the whole poverty puzzle, starting by spilling the beans on a crazy humanitarian mess in Gaza and giving it to you straight: why we all need to shout for peace and humanitarian help. Then we go into the nitty-gritty of global poverty, where the super-rich are hogging the money pile.

Brace yourself for some shocking stats about how poverty messes with stuff like education, health, and everyone's wallets. And guess what? We're not just whining about the problems; we're throwing out real solutions. Tax tweaks, killer education, healthcare for all, and more. We even stir the charity pot, questioning if it's the superhero we all think it is. And speaking of heroes, capitalism's in the hot seat too.
🌍💥**

Homelessness Case Study:

Source: IHI Open School

In the news: Humanitarian Crime in Gaza:

Source: UN News

Additional sources:

Poverty statistics- Our World in Data World Bank - Poverty Overview: World Bank - Poverty Overview "What Is the Millionaires' Tax and Is It Ethically Viable in the UK?": Property Rescue

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Hang on tight, Globies🧡, as we wrap up an explosive Season Two! 🎉 We've tackled the hottest tea - from the cost of living squeeze to the battles for abortion rights, not to mention diving into conflicts shaking the health space and opening up discussions on men's sexual health. We've held no bars talking about the tough stuff too - sexual and gender-based violence - and stirred the pot with a big ol' debate on some controversial health dilemmas. But guess what? Season Three's on the horizon, and trust us, it's gonna be even wilder! So, stay glued because more mind-blowing conversations are headed your way - our mics are ready, are you? 🎙️🔥

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Hey hey, awesome Globies! We’ve entered the world of organ trade and we’re so excited for this topic!!! Should YOU sell your organs??? Get ready for some juicy discussions as we explore the pros and cons of this controversial topic. We'll break down the reasons some people say it's a good thing, like helping save lives and making some money, but we won't shy away from the tough stuff either. We'll also chat about the cons, like the risks, the fairness factor, and if it might exploit those in need. So, grab your headphones and let's weigh in on the organ trade puzzle together!

Does selling organs violate human dignity? Email us your thoughts on worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

Additional resources:

Statistics on organ donations and transplants
https://www.google.com/url?q=https://www.google.com/url?q%3Dhttps://www.statista.com/topics/2389/organ-donations-and-transplants/%2523dossierKeyfigures%26amp;sa%3DD%26amp;source%3Deditors%26amp;ust%3D1690580231723232%26amp;usg%3DAOvVaw20nPJxoS1PfveyG87bCm-f&sa=D&source=docs&ust=1690580231753494&usg=AOvVaw2ih24Lq29iXvrDnY3DQWCW

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This is an EMPOWERING one Globies! Join us as we uncover the realities of sexual and gender-based violence. We explain how to identify victims and perpetrators ( including celebrities)∗∗∗cough cough∗∗∗. We explore the importance of consent, boundaries, and healthy relationships. Through engaging discussions and relatable scenarios, we equip YOU, our Globies, with the knowledge and tools to identify and address instances of violence. Together, we'll foster a culture of respect, support, and empowerment, nurturing a generation of changemakers who will rise above, creating a world free from the shadows of sexual and gender-based violence.

As Globies, how can we challenge societal stereotypes and gender roles that contribute to sexual and gender-based violence? Share your thoughts with us on our social media platforms.

Case study:

Surviving R. Kelly: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=50v34OlDPIg

Additional resources:

3 Questions About Sexual Assault I Hear a LOT - Nurx™
Sexual and gender-based violence | MSF UK
The New Humanitarian | Definitions of sexual and gender-based violence
Breaking with tradition: Husband schools | VSO

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Pride History Month is right around the corner, Globies. In this eye-opening episode, we delve deep into the realm of transgender healthcare. We describe the differences between sex, gender and sexual orientation, shed light on the barriers faced by transgender individuals and discuss the steps needed to build a more inclusive and affirming healthcare system. Join us as we engage with Dr. Yasmin, who explores the critical components of gender-affirming care and the gap in adequate care for transgender individuals in our healthcare systems. We hope to empower our globies with knowledge and understanding, fostering a future where transgender healthcare is accessible, compassionate, and truly transformative.

How do we improve the healthcare experiences of transgender individuals? Share your thoughts with us at worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

This week's case study:

NHS to close Tavistock gender identity clinic for children - https://www.theguardian.com/society/2022/jul/28/nhs-closing-down-london-gender-identity-clinic-for-children

Additional resources

Creating Culturally Relevant & Gender-Affirming Services for gender diverse Indigenous and Two-Spirit People - http://www.phsa.ca/transcarebc/Documents/HealthProf/Creating_culturally_relevant_and_gender-affirming_services.pdf

Voices of Transgender Adolescents in Healthcare - https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CHN3YhMi-5A&t=311s

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Not another CLIMATE CHANGE episode!!! It is not news that change is happening! Temperatures are rising, we are seeing more and more droughts, wildfires and shifting rainfall patterns. Glaciers and snow are melting and there is a rise in global sea levels. Despite all the climate change campaigns, why are we still seeing a global temperature rise? Did the COVID-19 pandemic help? In this episode we discuss current roadblocks to achieving a 45% global reduction in CO2 emissions by 2030. We highlight feasible implementation strategies to improve collective efforts towards climate change mitigation.

Why are we still seeing a global temperature rise?

Our case study - Climate change contingency in Tuvalu, the nation that is planning on relocatinghttps://reliefweb.int/report/tuvalu/tuvalus-innovative-contingency-plan-address-scientific-predictions-being-uninhabitable-2050

Additional resources

Cumulative emission from 1750-2020 - https://www.ucsusa.org/resources/each-countrys-share-co2-emissions

How COVID-19 lockdowns affect the climate change

https://www.metoffice.gov.uk/research/news/2021/how-did-covid-19-lockdowns-affect-the-climate

Mitigation of Climate Change Report 2022: "Litany of broken climate promises" - UN Chief
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P8rlLaT8v4Q

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Approximately 650,000 people die from direct or indirect drug overdose across the world. Interestingly, there are 2.6 million deaths attributed to alcohol misuse and 8.7 million deaths attributed to smoking globally. The health complications caused by legal substances such as alcohol raises questions around the justification for criminalising recreational drug use or possession. In this episode, we highlight the reasons for and against the legalisation of all recreational drugs, including cocaine, heroin and more. Are governments winning the ‘war on drugs’?

NB: Please note we do not condone the use of illegal substance use. This is a productive discussion to encourage public engagement and address substance misuse as a global health threat.

Are recreational drugs worse than alcohol? Is legalisation the best way to address drug use and addiction? Share your thoughts with us at worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

This week's case study:

Whitney Houston died in Feb 2012 with many reports claiming it was from cocaine use/ drug overdose.

https://abcnews.go.com/Entertainment/whitney-houston-death-surprising-details-coroners-report/story?id=16076589n

Additional resources:Talk to Frank - https://www.talktofrank.com/
Whitney Houston death: Bobby Brown says she didn’t die from drugs - https://globalnews.ca/news/4055762/whitney-houston-death-bobby-brown-drugs/

Drugs (psychoactive) - https://www.who.int/health-topics/drugs-psychoactive#tab=tab_1

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52% of 40 - 70 year old men suffer from varying degrees of sexual diseases, which are caused by a variety of biological and psychological factors.

In this episode, we discuss sexual and reproductive conditions, such as erectile dysfunction, that are most common in people that identify as men. We highlight the implications of encouraging men to take more contraceptive responsibilities. Our aim is to spread awareness around sexual and reproductive health issues in men. To do this, we asked men from different countries to share some advice on what can be done to optimise their sexual health.

Case study:

An anonymous story shared by a woman whose husband allegedly has erectile dysfunction.
https://www.mamamia.com.au/impotence-is-ruining-my-marriage/amp/

In the news:Greta Thunberg isn’t alone in rejecting the UN climate conference, but we still have to be there -

https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2022/nov/07/i-am-going-to-cop27-in-egypt-but-can-the-un-climate-conference-deliver

Additional resources:

Sexual health (who.int)
Planned Parenthood
The National Institutes of Health (NIH)
Trusted Source

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The United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees estimates that low- and middle-income countries host 74% of the world’s refugees. In this episode, we discuss the impacts of war on healthcare systems. We highlight the challenges with public health system operations in warzones and the factors that influence a nation's decision to welcome refugees.Should all countries have an obligation to welcome refugees?

This week's case study:

Asad’s journey from Somalia to Europe - https://www.msf.org/nine-countries-and-7000-kms-asad%E2%80%99s-journey-somalia-europe-france

In the news:

Zimbabwe becomes first African country to approve use of injectable HIV prevention drug https://www.news24.com/amp/news24/africa/news/zimbabwe-becomes-first-african-country-to-approve-use-of-injectable-hiv-prevention-drug-20221019

Additional resources:

Opinion piece: As a doctor, I can see that denying NHS care to immigrants is inhumane - https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/mar/12/doctor-nhs-care-government-albert-thompson

Briefing: what is the hostile environment, where does it come from, who does it affect? - https://freemovement.org.uk/briefing-what-is-the-hostile-environment-where-does-it-come-from-who-does-it-affect/

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In 2022, the United Nations reported that for the first time since 1998, there has been an increase in extreme poverty. This year many countries are facing inflation and a cost of living crisis that is worsening poverty. This week, we look at the current state of poverty worldwide, and weigh up the pros and cons of profit-driven health care.

Should all countries move towards private healthcare? Share your thoughts with us at worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

This week's case study:

BBC Panorama: Surviving the Cost of Living Crisis - https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p0c04tvd

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In the news:

Millions at risk in flood-hit Nigeria; relief chief highlights hunger in Burkina Faso - https://news.un.org/en/story/2022/10/1129787

Donating to food banks in the UK:

Trussell Trust - https://www.trusselltrust.org/
A Guide To London Food Banks - https://londonist.com/london/food/a-guide-to-london-food-banks

Resources:
United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 1: https://sdgs.un.org/goals/goal1
Proportion of population below the international poverty line (%): https://www.who.int/data/gho/indicator-metadata-registry/imr-details/4744
Health is a fundamental human right. Human Rights Day 2017: https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/health-is-a-fundamental-human-right

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According to the WHO, 4.7–13.2% of maternal deaths can be attributed to unsafe abortion each year and 6 out of 10 of all unintended pregnancies end in an induced abortion. However safe abortion services is still inaccessible in many countries due to several reasons. In this episode, we highlight the implications of the legalisation of abortion services and discuss the role of pro-life feminism in modern day society. We make references to the overturn of the Roe v. Wade policy that conferred the right to have an abortion in the US. Is being pro-life antifeminist? Share your thoughts with us at worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

This week's case study:
Pro-life millennial women speaking out - https://youtu.be/Y_enzePQ85c?t=239

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Additional resources:1. Bearak J, Popinchalk A, Ganatra B, Moller A-B, Tunçalp Ö, Beavin C et al. Unintended pregnancy and abortion by income, region, and the legal status of abortion: estimates from a comprehensive model for 1990–2019. Lancet Glob Health. 2020 Sep; 8(9):e1152-e1161. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(20)30315-6.

Ganatra B, Gerdts C, Rossier C, Johnson Jr B R, Tuncalp Ö, Assifi A et al. Global, regional, and subregional classification of abortions by safety, 2010–14: estimates from a Bayesian hierarchical model. The Lancet. 2017 Sep.
Say L, Chou D, Gemmill A, Tunçalp Ö, Moller AB, Daniels J et al. Global causes of maternal death: a WHO systematic analysis. Lancet Glob Health. 2014 Jun; 2(6):e323-33.

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**We are back! The WHI podcast returns for season 2 and we are turning up the heat!! Our first episode of the season drops this Saturday, 29 October, 6PM GMT.

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To date, it is estimated that in high- and upper-middle-income countries, 81% of the population has received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine. However, in low-income countries, only about 17% of the population has received at least one vaccine dose. Why do we see this gap in vaccination rates? What is being done to address it? In our final episode of the season, we discuss vaccine access and equity and look into the successes and failures of COVAX – an initiative led by Gavi and other global organisations to provide equitable access to COVID-19 diagnostics, treatments and vaccines to everyone worldwide.

This week's case study: COVAX - https://www.gavi.org/vaccineswork/covax-explained

Why do you think COVID-19 vaccine distribution has been unfair? Share your thoughts with us at worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

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Additional resources:
Coronavirus (COVID-19) Vaccinations - https://ourworldindata.org/covid-vaccinations
Tracking Coronavirus Vaccinations Around the World - https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2021/world/covid-vaccinations-tracker.html
Covax facility - https://www.who.int/initiatives/act-accelerator/covax
Unequal access to vaccines - https://www.one.org/africa/issues/covid-19-tracker/explore-vaccines/
Patents and the COVID-19 vaccines - https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01242-1

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Coronaviruses had been a major concern as infectious agents with pandemic-causing potential, years before the COVID-19 pandemic. Advancements in DNA sequencing mechanisms can help us detect pathogens early and study them appropriately. So why were we still not prepared for the COVID-19 pandemic? In this episode we discuss the challenges of pandemic preparedness and evaluate the response to COVID-19 by key players such as national governments and the World Health Organisation. We also reflect on lessons learned and what could be done differently.

This week's case study: South Korea’s response to MERS (2015) versus COVID-19 - https://ourworldindata.org/covid-exemplar-south-korea

If you were Minister of Health in your country during the COVID-19 pandemic, what would you do differently? Share your thoughts with us at worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

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Additional resources:

Interdisciplinary research in epidemic preparedness and response - https://acmedsci.ac.uk/policy/policy-projects/multidisciplinary-research-in-epidemic-preparedness-and-response-

Bill Gates: The next outbreak? We're not ready - https://youtu.be/6Af6b_wyiwI

South Korea Measures to Reform National Infection Prevention and Control System for the Purpose of Immediate Response to Emerging Infectious Diseases - https://www.mohw.go.kr/eng/nw/nw0101vw.jsp?PAR_MENU_ID=1007&MENU_ID=100701&page=1&CONT_SEQ=326060

Israel COVID-19 tracking - https://coronaisrael.org/en/

Flu surveillance in New Zealand and Australia using FluTracking - https://info.flutracking.net/

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Digital technologies are increasingly being used as health and care interventions worldwide. Many people own wearables such as Apple Watches that track vital health information and mobile health (mHealth) continues to support health care workers in the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of disease. This week, we explore digital technologies and discuss whether they are really the key to tackling our health care challenges. We talk through the different types of digital technologies and identify opportunities for these technologies to revolutionise health care. We also unpack critical considerations such as sustainability and data protection and regulation.

This week's case study: Click Therapeutics - There's a Prescription App for That? Digital Therapeutics on the Rise (chiefhealthcareexecutive.com)

Do you think digital technologies are the future of healthcare? Share your thoughts with us at worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

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Additional resources:

Sanofi Ventures Leads $17 Million Financing of Click Therapeutics - https://www.clicktherapeutics.com/press/sanofi-leads-financing

WHO Global strategy on digital health 2020-2025 - 9789240020924-eng.pdf (who.int)

Looking Glass Healthcare. Bringing the future of healthcare delivery into focus - tw_report_looking_glass_healthcare.pdf (thoughtworks.com)

A guide to good practice for digital and data-driven health technologies - GOV.UK (www.gov.uk)

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It is estimated that women comprise nearly 70% of the global health and social workforce, yet they only hold about 25% of senior leadership roles. This week, we share our thoughts on why we lack female leadership in healthcare and highlight why gender inequality is a global health issue. We discuss the socioeconomic factors that influence women’s career prospects all around the globe. We also address the gender pay gap and the important role men play in promoting gender equity.

This week's case study: A Kenyan high court judge has declared that being a housewife is a full-time job, and it should therefore attract some form of compensation.

Do you think the gender pay gap is a myth? Why do you think we lack female leadership in health care? Share your thoughts with us at worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

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Additional resources:

Closing the leadership gap: Gender equity and leadership in the global health and care workforce
https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/341636/9789240025905-eng.pdf

Delivered by women, led by men: A gender and equity analysis of the global health and social workforce https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/311322/9789241515467-eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Gender equality glossary and thesaurus. European Institute for Gender Equality https://eige.europa.eu/rdc/thesaurus/browse

Reskin B. Sex segregation in the workplace. Annual Review of Sociology. 1993;19:241–70

Jefferson L, Bloor K, Maynard A. Women in medicine: historical perspectives and recent trends. British Medical Bulletin. 2015;114:5–15

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“If the health care sector was a country, it would be the 5th largest emitter of carbon dioxide.” In this episode we emphasise why the climate change crisis is also a global health crisis. We further discuss the biggest culprits of carbon dioxide emissions and whether climate change policies are fair and equitable for low-and-middle-income countries. As always, we round it off with thoughts on global and personal steps we can take to address the climate crisis.

Who do you think is the weakest link when it comes to addressing the climate crisis? Share your thoughts with us at worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

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Additional resources:

Climate change is a health emergency | Hanna Linstadt | TEDxCherryCreek - https://youtu.be/iizxKSFugaM

Survivors of Cyclone Idai struggle to survive with no government help - https://youtu.be/FTmhP1KeEcM

https://twitter.com/Musvanhiri/status/1237811518638612480?s=20&t=PIpiVU2KBULlHrXYXjRtow

HEALTH CARE’S CLIMATE - FOOTPRINT HOW THE HEALTH SECTOR CONTRIBUTES TO THE GLOBAL CLIMATE CRISIS AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR ACTION https://noharm-global.org/sites/default/files/documents-files/5961/HealthCaresClimateFootprint_092319.pdf

https://twitter.com/WHO/status/1131887695997931520?s=20&t=1yfPY4zDfw-zra7u65xOiw

Who is the biggest polluter? Depends how you ask - https://graphics.reuters.com/CLIMATE-UN/EMISSIONS/jnvwexaryvw/index.html

Developing Countries Are Responsible for 63 Percent of Current Carbon Emissions - https://www.cgdev.org/media/developing-countries-are-responsible-63-percent-current-carbon-emissions

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Many people across the world are thought to rely on traditional medicine for their primary health care needs. In this episode, we explore different definitions of traditional medicine and address some harmful traditional health practices, while also highlighting those that could have some health benefits. We also discuss ways to integrate traditional medicine and traditional health practices into our current health care systems.

What has been your experience with traditional medicine? Do you think it should be formalised? Share your thoughts with us at worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

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Additional resources:

https://www.who.int/health-topics/traditional-complementary-and-integrative-medicine#tab=tab_1

Oyebode, O., Kandala, N. B., Chilton, P. J., & Lilford, R. J. (2016). Use of traditional medicine in middle-income countries: a WHO-SAGE study. Health policy and planning, 31(8), 984–991. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czw022

We shouldn’t use labels like “Alternative” and “Conventional” Medicine by Healthcare Triage - https://youtu.be/bJKkFJyDlYI

Herbal Medicine - https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/herbal-medicine

Alostad, A. H., Steinke, D. T., & Schafheutle, E. I. (2018). International Comparison of Five Herbal Medicine Registration Systems to Inform Regulation Development: United Kingdom, Germany, United States of America, United Arab Emirates and Kingdom of Bahrain. Pharmaceutical medicine, 32(1), 39–49. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40290-018-0223-0

What is female genital mutilation? 7 questions answered - https://www.unicef.org/stories/what-you-need-know-about-female-genital-mutilation

Zhandire, T., Gqaleni, N., Ngcobo, M., & Gomo, E. (2021). Attitudes and perceptions of traditional health practitioners towards documentation of patient health information in their practice in eThekwini Municipality, KwaZulu-Natal, Natal Province, South Africa. Health information management : journal of the Health Information Management Association of Australia, 1833358320984004. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1177/1833358320984004

Herbal medicine - https://medlineplus.gov/herbalmedicine.html

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Millions of people are pushed into extreme poverty simply because they pay large sums of money for healthcare. In this episode, we discuss the feasibility of universal health coverage, highlighting arguments for and against this principle. We emphasise on the implications of lacking financial protection and the collective efforts required from stakeholders across the globe to promote progressive healthcare systems nationally and internationally.

Is Universal Health Coverage a feasible goal? Tell us why worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.comEnjoyed the episode? Please share and give us a cheeky 5 star review :)

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Additional resources:

Sustainable Development Goals (who.int)

21072_WHS 2021 (who.int)

Progress towards universal coverage: the health systems of Ghana, South Africa and Tanzania - PubMed (nih.gov)

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Today we are spilling our own tea! There has been an on-going mental health crisis amongst students at universities, which worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. In this episode, we discuss the impact of COVID-19 lockdown factors such as self-isolation, loss of structured occupations at work, school or university, disrupted transitions into employment and COVID-19 anxiety on youth mental health.

How has the COVID-19 pandemic affected your mental health? Share your experiences with us at: worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

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Today’s case study: Youth mental health in the time of COVID-19

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/irish-journal-of-psychological-medicine/article/youth-mental-health-in-the-time-of-covid19/7174278848C172FB81E367523B1F7C7D

Additional resources:

Universities during lockdown 2020 e.g. University of Manchester

https://www.theguardian.com/global/video/2020/nov/06/manchester-university-students-pull-down-lockdown-fences-around-halls-video
https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/whats-gone-wrong-university-manchester-19294132

https://www.ft.com/content/1bbf4bdc-c80b-4220-ba23-34d1cbce813d

https://mental.jmir.org/2020/12/e24578?utm_source=TrendMD&utm_medium=cpc&utm_campaign=JMIR_TrendMD_0

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According to a survey conducted by the University College London, 64% of young, Black people in England were vaccine hesitant. This week, we discuss vaccine hesitancy in Black communities and explore some historical reasons for mistrust in healthcare systems. We dive into public engagement strategies, deciphering how science is communicated to the public. We also re-iterate why vaccines are still valuable.

Do you think Black people should take the COVID-19 vaccine? Tell us why at: worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

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Today’s case study: Nicki Minaj’s tweet - https://twitter.com/NICKIMINAJ/status/1437532566945341441?s=20&t=TtAuxrTQEGRNMKefns-fMA

Additional resources:

Survey says 64% of young black people in England are 'vaccine hesitant': https://www.theguardian.com/society/2021/mar/16/survey-says-64-of-young-black-people-in-england-are-vaccine-hesitant

Brandt, A. M. "Racism and research: The case of theTuskegee Syphilis study." The Hastings Center Report 8(6): 21-29 (1978) : https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/3372911/Brandt_Racism.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y

Beyond Tuskegee — Vaccine Distrust and Everyday Racism: https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMpv2035827

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Is butt enhancement surgery a global health concern? In this episode, we discuss the procedures, costs and possible complications of Brazilian Butt Lifts (BBLs). We highlight the reasons for the growing demand of BBLs over the past decade. We also assess the unrealistic beauty standards set on women in today’s society and suggest possible solutions moving forward.

Are BBLs a global health concern? Share your thoughts with us at: worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.com

[For YouTube]: Are BBLs a global health concern? Share your thoughts with us in the comment section below!

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Today's case study: 'Dr Bumbum' charged over death of patient after operation | Brazil | The Guardian

Additional resources:

Conde-Green, Alexandra et al. “Abstract: Brazilian Butt Lift Performed by Brazilian Plastic Surgeons: Reports of an Expert Opinion Survey.” Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Global Open vol. 6,9 Suppl 82-83. 26 Sep. 2018, doi:10.1097/01.GOX.0000546929.57725.02

Cosmetic procedures – Surgical fat transfer – NHS - NHS (www.nhs.uk)

International Expert Panel Consensus on Fat Grafting of the Breast: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery – Global Open (lww.com)

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We discuss how eurocentrism influences healthcare systems around the world. We unpack the experiences of people of colour when seeking care, particularly that of the award winning, tennis champion, Serena Williams, after her daughter's birth. We highlight the regressive impact of Western knowledge being the standard and the necessary steps to decolonise Global Health.

Ever witnessed or experienced racism in a healthcare system? Share your experiences with us at: worldhealththinvestigation@gmail.com

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Today's case study: Serena William’s pulmonary embolism after giving birth to her daughter

Additional resources:

Hoffman, K. M., Trawalter, S., Axt, J. R. and Oliver, M. N. (2016) 'Racial bias in pain assessment and treatment recommendations, and false beliefs about biological differences between blacks and whites', Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 113(16), pp. 4296-4301. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1516047113

Louie, P. and Wilkes, R. (2018) 'Representations of race and skin tone in medical textbook imagery', Soc Sci Med, 202, pp. 38-42. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.02.023

Byrd, K. M., Wilson, D. C., Hoyler, S. S., & Peck, G. L. (2004). Advanced presentation of melanoma in African Americans. Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 50(1), 21–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0190-9622(03)02091-7

Fear of health workers fuels Ebola crisis in Guinea

Expat wages up to 900% higher than for local employees, research shows

Mind the gap : a handbook of clinical signs in black and brown skin / Malone Mukwende, Peter Tamony, Margot Turner:

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In our first episode we discuss what gives us the global health 'ick' and dive into the misleading world of the fertility industry. We look into the pros and cons of egg freezing, the medical procedures involved, the costs and our personal perspectives on whether we would freeze our eggs and who should pay for it.

Would you freeze your eggs? Email us your thoughts at: worldhealthinvestigation@gmail.comEnjoyed the episode? Please share and give us a review :)

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Today's case study: The Banning Of Egg Freezing In Asia | Refinery29 - YouTube

Additional resources:https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2021/feb/analysis-egg-freezing-new-research-raises-questions-about-how-clinics-advertise

https://www.nbcnews.com/think/opinion/fertility-clinics-are-being-taken-over-profit-companies-selling-false-ncna1145671

https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/18/well/the-misleading-promise-of-ivf-for-women-over-40.html

https://www.bionews.org.uk/page_95847

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Welcome to the World Health Investigation podcast. We discuss all things global health- unpacking the most controversial health and social issues, as well as promote new-wave global health development and equity.

Find out all the global health tea from your hosts Edna, Jocelyne and Loza, from 19th March 2022.

World Health Investigation Podcast: Recent Episodes

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