Sci Guys: Recent Episodes
The Sci Guys
Sci Guys is a podcast all about the weird and unbelievable ways that scientists learn about the world around us. Each week, Corry (@notcorry) tells the story of a particularly strange scientific study while his friends Jamp (@jampkin) and Luke (@lukecutforth) do their best to derail the conversation with questions, jokes, and whatever nonsense they can think of.
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.dentalproductsreport.com/view/how-far-are-we-from-regrowing-teeth-and-what-are-the-other-options-
- https://www.dentistrytoday.com/researchers-in-japan-discover-medicine-capable-of-regrowing-third-set-of-teeth-for-humans/
- https://www.snopes.com/fact-check/japanese-researchers-new-teeth/
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.nature.com/articles/s44184-025-00171-5
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hantavirus
- https://www.lshtm.ac.uk/newsevents/news/2026/rapid-reaction-should-i-be-worried-about-hantavirus
- https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/cjep78l5835o
- https://www.cdc.gov/swine-flu/about/influenza-in-swine.html
- https://ourworldindata.org/mortality-risk-covid
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/03/260319044656.htm
- https://science.howstuffworks.com/marijuana3.htm
- https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(26)00015-5/fulltext
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References & Further Reading
- https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0329983
- https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/piles-haemorrhoids/
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References & Further Reading
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7055538/
- https://news.stanford.edu/stories/2019/05/regular-pokemon-players-pikachu-brain
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References & Further Reading
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2150052-female-dolphins-have-weaponised-their-vaginas-to-fend-off-males/
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5647295/
https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/nova-scotia/dolphin-sex-research-dalhousie-university-scientist-bottlenose-1.4084583
https://scholarsjunction.msstate.edu/td/3794/
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2078152015300377
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/physics-and-astronomy/harmonic-oscillator
- https://improbable.com/2021/11/25/why-do-i-always-spill-my-coffee/
- https://community.sw.siemens.com/s/article/Natural-Frequency-and-Resonance
- https://jiwonjessehan.github.io/
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/63312358
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S037663572200170X?via%3Dihub
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.bmj.com/content/319/7225/1596
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychiatry/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1697900/full
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK534823/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538239/
- https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-what-you-need-to-know
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.mentalhealthjournal.org/articles/minds-in-crisis-how-the-ai-revolution-is-impacting-mental-health.pdf
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References & Further Reading
Cortical Labs
- https://youtu.be/yRV8fSw6HaE?si=ouRWPuGkvurC_E69
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EURpmKn49ps
- youtube.com/watch?v=Uk6YMYuvATc
- https://www.newscientist.com/article/2517389-human-brain-cells-on-a-chip-learned-to-play-doom-in-a-week/
- https://futurism.com/health-medicine/doom-human-brain-cells
- https://corticallabs.com/cl1
- https://corticallabs.com
DOOM1. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Doom_(1993_video_game) 2. https://canitrundoom.org/
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2949791424000423
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(25)00372-0
- https://www.newscientist.com/article/2480552-capuchin-monkeys-are-stealing-howler-monkey-babies-in-weird-fad/
- https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/capuchin-monkeys-caught-on-camera-abducting-baby-howler-monkeys-in-a-strange-tradition-seen-for-the-first-time-180986644/
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mooQNOPM3RE
- https://www.mpg.de/24686977/0507-ornr-capuchin-monkeys-develop-bizarre-fad-of-abducting-baby-howlers-987453-x
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s3Y3JWVvB9Q
- https://www.livescience.com/animals/land-mammals/chimps-develop-fashion-trend-by-shoving-grass-in-their-ears-and-in-their-butts
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.nature.com/articles/s41564-025-02225-y
- https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2026/01/260113220920.htm
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK513346/
- https://www.britannica.com/science/fermentation
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/alcoholic-fermentation
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References & Further Reading
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14998709/
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9789579/
- https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/1wzlc1KxyjMlk6ZMB0sQVhG/is-it-possible-to-get-stronger-just-by-thinking-about-exercise
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0028393203003257?via%3Dihub
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1365-201X.1998.t01-1-00358.x
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4974856/
- https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/52qHd8sZJr1dmGvn6V6w0TY/can-you-use-your-mind-to-strengthen-your-body
- https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/1wzlc1KxyjMlk6ZMB0sQVhG/is-it-possible-to-get-stronger-just-by-thinking-about-exercise
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References & Further Reading
- https://trial.medpath.com/news/430cca0e7185c777/study-reveals-breakthrough-treatment-for-anxious-dogs-with-no-side-effects
- https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11538183/
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Eb46Jcp6HM8
- https://science.howstuffworks.com/lsd1.htm
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.media.mit.edu/about/overview/
- https://news.harvard.edu/gazette/story/2025/11/is-ai-dulling-our-minds/
- https://time.com/7295195/ai-chatgpt-google-learning-school/
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/large-hadron-collider-lead-gold-b2749928.html
https://www.space.com/astronomy/modern-day-alchemy-scientists-turn-lead-into-gold-at-the-large-hadron-collider
https://home.cern/news/news/physics/alice-detects-conversion-lead-gold-lhc
https://journals.aps.org/prc/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevC.111.054906
https://www.sciencefocus.com/science/has-there-ever-been-a-small-hadron-collider
https://www.britannica.com/topic/alchemy/The-chemistry-of-alchemy
https://www.home.cern/science/experiments/alice
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.nationalhealthexecutive.com/articles/groundbreaking-nhs-weight-loss-programme-supporting-young-people
- https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/over-weight-children-nhs-scales-b2749796.html
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29259794/
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References & Further ReadingWho is Zack Polanski?
https://www.london.gov.uk/who-we-are/what-london-assembly-does/london-assembly-members/zack-polanski
https://zackpolanski.com/
The Sun Article
https://www.thesun.co.uk/fabulous/798031/can-you-really-think-your-boobs-bigger/
Hypnosis & Hypnotherapy
https://science.howstuffworks.com/science-vs-myth/extrasensory-perceptions/hypnosis.htm
https://www.nhs.uk/tests-and-treatments/hypnotherapy/
Zack Polanski’s Response
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oh6Dh00hNYc
https://www.lbc.co.uk/article/zack-polanski-deputy-green-party-hypnotherapy-womens-breasts-5HjcmXc_2
The Media Response
https://www.thesun.co.uk/news/36535237/former-hypnotherapist-elected-green-party-leader/
https://www.spectator.co.uk/article/zack-polanskis-humiliating-breast-hypnosis-climbdown/
Greens Membership
https://colchestergreenparty.co.uk/2025/03/23/green-party-membership-goes-over-60000/
https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2025/oct/26/green-membership-surge-zack-polanski
https://greenparty.org.uk/2025/09/28/greens-announce-new-membership-record-on-first-day-of-labour-party-conference/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qxt4HCjd7VA
https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2025/oct/12/green-party-reaches-100000-members-for-first-time-after-polanski-becomes-leader
https://greenparty.org.uk/2025/10/19/green-party-membership-surges-past-conservatives-making-the-greens-third-largest-political-party-in-the-uk/
https://www.theguardian.com/politics/2025/oct/26/green-membership-surge-zack-polanski
https://bright-green.org/2025/10/30/green-party-membership-hits-150000/
https://broadland.greenparty.org.uk/2025/11/21/the-green-party-has-now-reached-over-170000-members/
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.snexplores.org/article/woolly-mouse-extinct-mammoths
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/dire-wolves-colossal-de-extinction-got
https://time.com/7274542/colossal-dire-wolf/?utm_source=reddit.com
https://www.popsci.com/woolly-mammoth-dna-brought-life-elephant-cells/
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References & Further Reading1. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-child-language/article/accent-the-positive-an-investigation-into-fiveyearolds-implicit-attitudes-towards-different-regional-accents/1991E53E41539D8FB54CB6E9DB4EE0AB 2. https://www.gazette-news.co.uk/news/25109165.essex-university-childrens-association-accents/ 3. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/articles/c15vxw9qwkyo
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References & Further Reading1. https://sciety.org/articles/activity/10.31234/osf.io/ga3he_v1 2. https://www.newscientist.com/article/2477902-virtual-reality-could-help-men-understand-the-impacts-of-catcalling
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References & Further Readinghttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8903786/1. https://psychology.fas.harvard.edu/people/b-f-skinner 2. https://www.bbc.co.uk/reel/playlist/unheard-of?vpid=p0kl5kd7 3. https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object/nmah_690069 4. https://www.simplypsychology.org/what-is-a-skinner-box.html 5. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10687164/ 6. https://www.bfskinner.org/newtestsite/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/Pigeons-in-a-Pelican-pt1.pdf
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References & Further Readinghttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8903786/
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/704080v3.full.pdf
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22301527
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK448188/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17684875/
https://www.uhsussex.nhs.uk/resources/phantom-limb-sensation-pain-following-amputation/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10086832/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3468806/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10622756/
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-59744569
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7366941/
https://www.who.int/news-room/questions-and-answers/item/addictive-behaviours-gaming-disorder
https://www.who.int/standards/classifications/frequently-asked-questions/gaming-disorder
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/internet-gaming
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2444492-video-games-are-good-actually-find-scientists/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41562-024-01948-y
https://www.sciencemediacentre.org/expert-reaction-to-a-study-suggesting-that-video-games-improve-mental-well-being/
Here's the Patreon Post: What Happened to Sci Guys?
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9668955/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/sep/28/plastic-eating-bacteria-enzyme-recycling-waste
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-68927816
https://www.acs.org/pressroom/presspacs/2023/november/plastic-eating-bacteria-turn-waste-into-useful-starting-materials-for-other-products.html
https://www.livescience.com/plastic-eating-bacteria
https://www.britannica.com/science/plastic/The-polymers
Follow Lucy: https://www.tiktok.com/@luckartikasari
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References & Further Reading1. https://ustranssurvey.org/report/health/ 2. https://segm.org/first_large_study_of_detransitioners 3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37266795/ 4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37266795/ 5. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/372620083_Gender_detransition_A_critical_review_of_the_literature 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10322769/ 7. https://www.bmj.com/content/381/bmj-2022-073584 8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35877120/ 9. https://www.reuters.com/investigates/special-report/usa-transyouth-outcomes/ 10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8213007/ 11. https://twitter.com/KLBfax/with_replies?lang=en 12. https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2022/11/darling-detransition-movement-comes-transgender/ 13. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/06/13/smarter-living/trust-negative-product-reviews.html
Is gay marriage good? Yes. Obviously. Some people need proof of that though, so here's an episode on it. At this rate we'll be doing an episode on water being wet soon enough...
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References & Further Reading
Marriage Background Info
https://www.hrc.org/resources/marriage-equality-around-the-world
https://www.apa.org/topics/marriage-relationships/same-sex-marriage
https://www.apa.org/news/press/releases/2003/09/marital-benefit
Studies on Marriage Equality
https://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RRA2912-1.html
https://www.latimes.com/science/story/2024-05-30/what-20-years-of-data-tell-us-about-same-sex-marriage
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8101749/
RAND Media Bias
https://www.allsides.com/news-source/rand-corporation
https://mediabiasfactcheck.com/rand-corporation/
Attitudes on Gay Marriage
https://www.pewresearch.org/religion/fact-sheet/changing-attitudes-on-gay-marriage/
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1386442/britain-public-opinion-on-same-sex-marriage/
https://www.theguardian.com/science/brain-flapping/2015/jun/29/same-sex-marriage-ruin-civilisation-science
In a world fraught with injustice, perhaps the most pressing issue to address is… women breastfeeding their kids. According to transphobes, that is.
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References & Further ReadingBreastfeeding (and Chestfeeding)
https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/data/facts.html
https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/oestrogen-tablets-patches-gel-and-spray/pregnancy-breastfeeding-and-fertility-while-taking-or-using-oestrogen-tablets-patches-gel-and-spray/
https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/having-a-baby-if-you-are-lgbt-plus/chestfeeding-if-youre-trans-or-non-binary/
Lactation
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499981/
https://www.babycenter.com/baby/breastfeeding/can-men-breastfeed_8824
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/22201-lactation
Induced Lactation
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/expert-answers/induced-lactation/faq-20058403
https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/expert-answers/induced-lactation/faq-20058403
https://nestcollaborative.com/blog/four-things-to-know-about-induced-lactation/
Induced Lactation in Trans Women
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/08903344231170559?url_ver=Z39.88-2003
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5779241/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38535753/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37138506/
https://internationalbreastfeedingjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13006-024-00624-1
https://www.economist.com/the-economist-explains/2024/02/23/can-transgender-women-breastfeed
https://www.liebertpub.com/doi/10.1089/bfm.2024.0012
Trans Women Breastfeeding
https://www.thepinknews.com/2024/05/28/trans-women-breastfeeding-explainer-research/
https://www.oprah.com/oprahshow/real-life-modern-family/all
Milk Junkies Interviews
http://www.milkjunkies.net/2017/05/jennas-breastfeeding-journey-trans.html
http://www.milkjunkies.net/2013/05/trans-women-and-breastfeeding-personal.html
http://www.milkjunkies.net/2013/07/trans-women-and-breastfeeding-health.html
HRT & Breastfeeding
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6370611/
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/menopause/prescribing-information/hormone-replacement-therapy-hrt/
https://www.balance-menopause.com/menopause-library/breastfeeding-hrt/
https://breastfeeding-and-medication.co.uk/fact-sheet/the-menopause-and-breastfeeding
https://www.womens-health-concern.org/wp-content/uploads/2022/11/27-WHC-FACTSHEET-HRT-Doses-NOV2022-A.pdf
You are what you eat, but does your gut microbiome have anything to do with that? This week we take a look into the science behind ADHD and the tiny microbes that may (or may not!) play a role...
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.12.18.23300126v1
https://neurosciencenews.com/adhd-microbiome-22941/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159123000697
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7830868/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10437823/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441838/
https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/science/microbiome
https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.1002533
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5433529/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6469458/
Narcissistic Personality Disorder is one of the most maligned and misunderstood of mental conditions, so this week we're dipping our toes into the science behind the disorder!
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References & Further Reading
https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/NPI/1.php
https://openpsychometrics.org/tests/NPI/1.php
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK556001/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5819598/
https://www.uchicagomedicine.org/forefront/research-and-discoveries-articles/study-shows-narcissistic-personality-disorder-may-have-a-biological-component
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-narcissism-science-confronts-a-widely-misunderstood-phenomenon1/
https://www.google.com/search?gs_ssp=eJzj4tVP1zc0zDIpSSrJKy4wYPQSLU7OTM1LTlXIT1PISyxKziwuzizOBQDxCQ0z&q=science+of+narcissism&rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB727GB727&oq=science+of+narciss&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqBwgBEC4YgAQyCggAEAAY4wIYgAQyBwgBEC4YgAQyBggCEEUYOTIHCAMQABiABDIICAQQABgWGB4yCAgFEAAYFhgeMggIBhAAGBYYHjIGCAcQRRg90gEINDI5M2owajeoAgCwAgA&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=narcissism&sort=pubdate
https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.ajp.2014.14060723
https://www.britannica.com/science/narcissism/Narcissistic-pathology-and-behaviour
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/personality-disorders/types-of-personality-disorder/#NarcissisticPersonalityDisorder
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/narcissistic-personality-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20366662
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7735512/
What is depression? If you're a listener there's a solid chance you already know, but there's also a good chance you'll listen anyway...
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/depression
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/depression-in-adults/overview/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/depression
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/depression/causes/
https://icd.who.int/browse/2024-01/mms/en#1563440232
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/depression/diagnosis/assessment/
https://www.sciencenews.org/article/chemical-imbalance-explain-depression
https://www.ons.gov.uk/peoplepopulationandcommunity/healthandsocialcare/mentalhealth/articles/costoflivinganddepressioninadultsgreatbritain/29septemberto23october2022
https://www.cdc.gov/aging/depression/index.html
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/depression-in-women
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3646325/
Feeling worried? This week we're diving into the topic of Generalised Anxiety Disorder...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/generalised-anxiety-disorder/overview/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/generalized-anxiety-disorder-gad
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/anxiety-and-panic-attacks/anxiety-disorders/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441870/
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/generalized-anxiety-disorder/diagnosis/diagnosis/
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/panic-disorder/
Check out Noah’s music!
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References & Further ReadingBackground
https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms/def/double-blind-study
https://www.rcpch.ac.uk/about-us/our-team/dr-hilary-cass
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/apr/18/hilary-cass-report-and-the-trans-rights-debate
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/apr/20/doctor-hilary-cass-warned-of-threats-to-safety-after-vile-abuse-over-nhs-gender-services-review
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aeY1BkCxwoI
Puberty Blockers
https://tavistockandportman.nhs.uk/news/early-intervention-study-shows-puberty-blockers-are-a-well-received-intervention-in-carefully-selected-patients/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33529227/
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/teens/puberty/what-are-puberty-blockers
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-are-puberty-blockers-and-how-do-they-work/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9793415/
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/11/well/family/what-are-puberty-blockers.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9218488
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547863/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9577333/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5344188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551662/
https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJM198112243052602
https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170112031859/http:/www.fda.gov/Drugs/DrugSafety/PostmarketDrugSafetyInformationforPatientsandProviders/ucm209842.htm
Cass Review
https://cass.independent-review.uk/
https://cass.independent-review.uk/home/publications/final-report/
file:///Users/notcorry/Desktop/CassReview_Final.pdf
https://www.england.nhs.uk/commissioning/spec-services/npc-crg/gender-dysphoria-clinical-programme/implementing-advice-from-the-cass-review/
Criticisms
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qGZ1Gfu7XXw
https://www.thepinknews.com/2022/11/03/tavistock-experts-criticise-acp-uk/
https://www.advocate.com/health/hilary-cass-nhs-report-debunked
https://stonewall.org.uk/cass-review
https://www.equalityhumanrights.com/statement-final-report-cass-review
The 5th anniversary of Sci Guys means it’s high time we spoke about marijuana. Literally… It’s high time.
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References & Further Reading
Cannabis Background & BasicsCannabis | WHO
https://www.who.int/teams/mental-health-and-substance-use/alcohol-drugs-and-addictive-behaviours/drugs-psychoactive/cannabis
Marijuana | History, Effects, THC, & Legality | Britannica
https://www.britannica.com/science/marijuana
Hashish | Cannabis, THC, Intoxication | Britannica
https://www.britannica.com/science/hashish
Cannabis (Marijuana) DrugFacts | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)
https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/cannabis-marijuana
What We Know About Marijuana
https://www.cdc.gov/marijuana/what-we-know.html
The Name of Cannabis: A Short Guide for Nonbotanists - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5531363/
Hemp | Description, Products, Seeds, Fiber, & Uses | Britannica
https://www.britannica.com/plant/hemp
Marijuana and the Brain - How Marijuana Works | HowStuffWorks
https://science.howstuffworks.com/marijuana3.htm
Legality of cannabis - Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legality_of_cannabis
History of CannabisHistory of cannabis and the endocannabinoid system - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7605027/
On the Preparations of the Indian Hemp, or Gunjah (Cannabis Indica), Their Effects on the Animal System in Health, and Their Utility in the Treatment of Tetanus and Other Convulsive Diseases
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30161735/
Oldest evidence of marijuana use discovered in 2500-year-old cemetery in peaks of western China | Science
https://www.science.org/content/article/oldest-evidence-marijuana-use-discovered-2500-year-old-cemetery-peaks-western-china
Effects of Cannabis UseAdverse Health Effects of Marijuana Use - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4827335/
Use of Marijuana: Effect on Brain Health: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35142225/
Edible marijuana products and potential risks for pediatric populations
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35634702/
The Scientific History of Cannabinoids | Science| Smithsonian Magazine
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-scientific-history-of-cannabinoids-180981561/
Health Effects | Marijuana | CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/marijuana/health-effects/index.html
How does marijuana affect the brain? Psychological researchers examine impact on different age groups over time
https://www.apa.org/monitor/2023/06/marijuana-effects-brain
Can cannabis kill? Characteristics of deaths following cannabis use in England (1998–2020) - PMC
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9716494
https://www.cancer.org/cancer/managing-cancer/treatment-types/complementary-and-integrative-medicine/marijuana-and-cancer.html
https://www.dea.gov/drug-information/drug-scheduling
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References & Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/fungus
https://www.britannica.com/science/fungus
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22887928/
https://www.britannica.com/science/sclerotium
https://science.howstuffworks.com/magic-mushroom6.htm
https://www.dea.gov/sites/default/files/2020-06/Psilocybin-2020_0.pdf
https://science.howstuffworks.com/magic-mushroom6.htm
https://www.canada.ca/en/health-canada/services/substance-use/controlled-illegal-drugs/magic-mushrooms.html
https://asm.org/articles/2023/february/psilocybin-and-mental-health-the-magic-in-the-mush
https://adf.org.au/drug-facts/psilocybin/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3277578/
https://idp.nature.com/authorize?response_type=cookie&client_id=grover&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nature.com%2Farticles%2Fs41598-020-59282-y
https://www.standard.co.uk/news/health/trial-magic-mushrooms-psilocybin-depression-maudsley-hospital-london-b1120423.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8901083/
https://adf.org.au/insights/magic-mushrooms-medicine/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6007659/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8156539/
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/dec/14/magic-mushroom-use-grows-in-england-and-wales-ons-figures-show
https://www.amsterdam.info/drugs/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Legal_status_of_psilocybin_mushrooms
This week we're talking about Molly, and Mandy, or whatever woman's name you want to call MDMA...
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.history.com/topics/crime/history-of-mdma
https://nida.nih.gov/publications/research-reports/mdma-ecstasy-abuse/what-are-mdmas-effects-on-brain
https://nida.nih.gov/publications/research-reports/mdma-ecstasy-abuse/what-are-mdmas-effects-on-brain
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7878040/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jEAr7ThsYew
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK538482/
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/news/newsroom/news-releases/2019/04/psychedelic-drug-mdma-may-reawaken-critical-period-in-brain-to-help-treat-ptsd
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34708874/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01336-3
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8820588/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24006318/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8639540/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482377/
People are using a diabetes drug to lose weight, but does it actually owrk? Are there any risks? Should we even be using drugs for fat loss at all?
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562269/
https://healthmedia.blog.gov.uk/2023/09/04/accessing-wegovy-for-weight-loss-everything-you-need-to-know/
https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/129409/2/AMED.2023.9946924.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551568/
https://health.ucdavis.edu/blog/cultivating-health/ozempic-for-weight-loss-does-it-work-and-what-do-experts-recommend/2023/07
https://www.diabetes.org.uk/about-us/news-and-views/ozempic-and-weight-loss-facts-behind-headlines
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/11/22/well/ozempic-diabetes-weight-loss.html
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38300808/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38230266/
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ta875/chapter/2-Information-about-semaglutide
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=laPaezEsteI
https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity#tab=tab_3
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/obesity/
https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/diabetes/overview/what-is-diabetes/type-2-diabetes
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms/
https://www.pewresearch.org/science/2024/02/26/how-americans-view-weight-loss-drugs-and-their-potential-impact-on-obesity-in-the-u-s/
https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a618008.html
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-1-diabetes/about-type-1-diabetes/what-is-type-1-diabetes/
Use code SCIGUYS at the link below to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan: https://incogni.com/SCIGUYS
Alexithymia is the inability to understand or recognise emotions, so this week Noah joins us to talk about his feelings...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8456171/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-suffolk-64253360
https://neuro.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.14070169
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6056680/
https://www.britannica.com/science/emotion/The-structure-of-emotions
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/what-are-emotions
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7005782/
Use code SCIGUYS at the link below to get an exclusive 60% off an annual Incogni plan: https://incogni.com/SCIGUYS
Luke is having a baby - surprise! So this week we're joined by the lovely Rebecca Hanssen to chat about pregnancy & the absolutely insane effects it has on the body...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK559304/#:~:text=Pregnancy%20is%20a%20state%20of,to%20sustain%20the%20growing%20fetus.
https://www.britannica.com/science/pregnancy/Anatomic-and-physiologic-changes-in-other-organs-and-tissues
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4928162/
https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/04/12/1159753316/pregnancy-start-conception
https://www.cam.ac.uk/stories/pregnancy-sickness-cause
https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/related-conditions/common-symptoms/vomiting-and-morning-sickness/
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/folicacid/about.html#:~:text=Why%20folic%20acid%20is%20important,and%20spine%20(spina%20bifida).
https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/related-conditions/common-symptoms/bleeding-gums/
The Challenger Tragedy claimed the lives of 7 people, but maybe it shouldn't really be described as an accident...
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.britannica.com/event/Challenger-disaster
https://www.nasa.gov/challenger-sts-51l-accident/
https://www.space.com/18084-space-shuttle-challenger.html
https://www.nasa.gov/history/35-years-ago-remembering-challenger-and-her-crew/
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/challenger-explodes
https://digital.nls.uk/1980s/science-technology/challenger-disaster/
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/jan/29/us-space-shuttle-challenger-explodes-after-take-off-1986
https://www.history.com/news/how-the-challenger-disaster-changed-nasa
https://www.harpercollins.com/blogs/harperkids/space-shuttle-challenger-explosion
https://www.forbes.com/sites/michaelperegrine/2021/01/24/the-lasting-leadership-lessons-from-the-challenger-disaster/
https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/ajp.156.10.1536
https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2016/01/28/464744781/30-years-after-disaster-challenger-engineer-still-blames-himself
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/oct/16/challenger-disaster-american-netflix-space-shuttle
https://digital.nls.uk/1980s/science-technology/challenger-disaster/
https://www.history.com/news/how-the-challenger-disaster-changed-nasa
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2021/jan/29/us-space-shuttle-challenger-explodes-after-take-off-1986
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/challenger-explodes
https://www.nasa.gov/history/35-years-ago-remembering-challenger-and-her-crew/
https://www.space.com/18084-space-shuttle-challenger.html
https://www.space.com/18084-space-shuttle-challenger.html
https://www.britannica.com/event/Challenger-disaster
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2020/oct/16/challenger-disaster-american-netflix-space-shuttle
https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/10.1176/ajp.156.10.1536
https://www.history.com/news/big-bird-challenger-disaster-nasa-sesame-street
Does UBI help people? Will it destroy the concept of work ethic? Is it even enough to fix Capitalism's problems? Let's see what science has to say about free money...
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References and Further Reading
References & Further ReadingUniversal Basic Income
https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/2018/12/what-is-universal-basic-income-basics
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8378560/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047272723000634
UBI Trials
https://www.vox.com/future-perfect/2020/2/19/21112570/universal-basic-income-ubi-map
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/jun/04/universal-basic-income-of-1600-pounds-a-month-to-be-trialled-in-england
https://www.london.gov.uk/who-we-are/what-london-assembly-does/questions-mayor/find-an-answer/universal-basic-income-trial-findings
https://www.givedirectly.org/2023-ubi-results/
UBI & Health
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0277953621007061
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0047272723000634
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34319878/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34319890/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7208547/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33789535/
UBI & Wealth
https://www.york.ac.uk/news-and-events/news/2022/research/basic-income-could-cut-poverty/
https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2023/nov/16/ai-is-coming-for-our-jobs-could-universal-basic-income-be-the-solution
Trouble reading this? You might need glasses, or... you could be dyslexic - which, thanks to our patrons, is exactly what we're talking about this week!
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References and Further Readinghttps://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dyslexia/diagnosis/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dyslexia/symptoms/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557668/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2967798/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6430506/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30458541/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/320507873_Dyslexia_and_Specific_Learning_Disorders_New_International_Diagnostic_Criteria
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/specific-learning-disorder/what-is-specific-learning-disorder
https://www.bdadyslexia.org.uk/dyslexia/how-is-dyslexia-diagnosed
Whether you're a smarty pants or not, you should listen to this episode; it's guaranteed to make you smarter. Probably...
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References and Further Reading1. https://www.britannica.com/science/IQ
2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6927908/
3. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/12/121219133334.htm
4. https://www.science.org/content/article/what-does-iq-really-measure
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3341646/
6. https://www.cnbc.com/2021/03/10/harvard-psychologist-types-of-intelligence-where-do-you-score-highest-in.html
7. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/rational-and-irrational-thought-the-thinking-that-iq-tests-miss/
8. https://www.discovermagazine.com/mind/do-iq-tests-actually-measure-intelligence
9. https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/question455.htm
10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7709590/
Dragons' Den promoted a purported "cure" to ME/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, but are these Ear Seeds pseduoscience or a super-cure?
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References and Further Reading
https://www.forbes.com/sites/nomanazish/2022/11/26/everything-you-need-to-know-about-ear-seeding/?sh=12302f8452af
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-56482374
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2024/jan/24/doctors-complain-to-bbc-over-dragons-den-contestants-claim-to-have-cured-me
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/entertainment-arts-68097756
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532287/
https://www.britannica.com/science/acupuncture
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/acupuncture/
https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/acupuncture-what-you-need-to-know
https://www.bmj.com/content/376/bmj-2021-067475
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/chronic-fatigue-syndrome-cfs/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557676/
https://www.bmj.com/content/384/bmj.q204.full
We just can't shake the 5th Sci Guy, NoahFinnce, so it's pretty fitting that he's joining us to talk about Attachment Theory!
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References and Further Reading
https://learning.nspcc.org.uk/child-health-development/attachment-early-years
http://labs.psychology.illinois.edu/~rcfraley/attachment.htm
https://www.britannica.com/science/attachment-theory/Individual-difference-features-of-attachment-theory
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4085672/
https://www.simplypsychology.org/mary-ainsworth.html
https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Ft28248-000
https://www.simplypsychology.org/disorganized-attachment.html
What does science say about capitalism? Harry (@thechampagne_socialist) joins as we chat about what science has to say about capitalism, whether it works, and how it affects your brain...
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References and Further ReadingCapitalism
The Origin of Capitalism, Ellen Meiksins Wood
https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/fandd/issues/Series/Back-to-Basics/Capitalism
https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2022/07/18/magazine/herman-daly-interview.html
UBI
https://www.london.gov.uk/who-we-are/what-london-assembly-does/questions-mayor/find-an-answer/universal-basic-income-trial-findings
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2023/jun/04/universal-basic-income-of-1600-pounds-a-month-to-be-trialled-in-england
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33789535/
Papers on Capitalism
https://www.pewresearch.org/topic/politics-policy/political-ideals-systems/capitalism/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10315660/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21332490/
https://scienceandsociety.columbia.edu/events/science-and-capitalism-entangled-histories
Peer Review & Open Access
https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2019/06/03/is-thirst-profit-harming-scientific-research/
https://www.research-collection.ethz.ch/bitstream/handle/20.500.11850/281970/CUsersInfodeskDownloadssmw_148_w14600.pdf
Capitalism & Climate
https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/see-and-do/climate-talks/capitalism-environmentalism
Let's start this year with a bang, and talk about all the times nearly everything on the planet died (and how humans might be making it happen again...)
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References and Further Reading
Mass Extinctions
https://www.britannica.com/science/mass-extinction-event
https://naturalhistory.si.edu/education/teaching-resources/life-science/early-life-earth-animal-origins
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-mass-extinction-and-are-we-facing-a-sixth-one.html
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/mass-extinction
https://www.worldwildlife.org/stories/what-is-the-sixth-mass-extinction-and-what-can-we-do-about-it
https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/dinosaurs-ancient-fossils/extinction/mass-extinction
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/03/2/l_032_04.html
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.1400253
https://www.npr.org/2023/10/17/1206664432/21-species-extinct-fish-wildlife-birds
Anthropocene
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-is-the-anthropocene.html
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/anthropocene/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/64987187
https://phys.org/news/2023-03-scientists-disturbing-remote-island-plastic.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8016130/
The wonderful Leena Norms joins us to chat about the ever present unease with the end of the world as we know it. What a fun way to start the year...
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References & Further Reading
Climate Anxiety
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8499625/
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/how-to-cope-with-eco-anxiety.html
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33389625/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34895496/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32623280/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0887618520300773?via%3Dihub
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(21)00278-3/fulltext
Climate Change
https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-global-temperature
https://climate.nasa.gov/evidence/
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/climate-change-and-health
https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/key-findings
https://climate-change.data.gov.uk/
It's Veganuary again, so what better time to look into the science of veganism? Strap in and join us as we look into how large scale farming affects our planet, and whether veganism is actually worth it...
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7256495/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/sep/13/meat-greenhouses-gases-food-production-study
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-021-00358-x.epdf?sharing_token=TOTcNgshHIcyVRBXC2L7VNRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0P5hJzOufiwVEu0osAOLG2L7YmizCBD0QPnXzpZvdgVd21n-7QUfEf8uD-CKplQ9ExzxDMLCmm-q527Wp8JIzM_Egm9B2aZIBUMO-vI9_80d1Y0jEMYHXFqa8GpUwxXkeJwiYfoJl3arDj3njdrwz0pFQy2ZBalLcHviN0deS-DDXb3y_kJq1iZeS-CsxtN7yuxBC9fRzqyhzJLSyI00OevCcEvsCxhkNq-h9wUvXHlxVobprBnmL-wp0SH1lJnMqEeOsI0cMfczKOCmfTUh86L&tracking_referrer=www.theguardian.com
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-023-00795-w
https://theconversation.com/vegan-diet-has-just-30-of-the-environmental-impact-of-a-high-meat-diet-major-study-finds-210152
https://www.cancer.ox.ac.uk/research/networks/EPIC
https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2021-11-11-sustainable-eating-cheaper-and-healthier-oxford-study
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(21)00251-5/fulltext
https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/vegan-diet-better-environment
https://www.worldwildlife.org/magazine/issues/winter-2015/articles/soy-the-biggest-food-crop-we-never-talk-about
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531721000191?via%3Dihub
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26853923/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073751/
Feel like you've seen this all before? That's because we're recapping the best bits from the last year of Sci Guys!
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References & Further Reading
Chanel Williams joins us as we chat about the strange scientist who swore you could make a mini-man, using only a pumpkin and some jizz... No, really. Recorded live in London, at Jamboree.
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7256495/
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/sep/13/meat-greenhouses-gases-food-production-study
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-021-00358-x.epdf?sharing_token=TOTcNgshHIcyVRBXC2L7VNRgN0jAjWel9jnR3ZoTv0P5hJzOufiwVEu0osAOLG2L7YmizCBD0QPnXzpZvdgVd21n-7QUfEf8uD-CKplQ9ExzxDMLCmm-q527Wp8JIzM_Egm9B2aZIBUMO-vI9_80d1Y0jEMYHXFqa8GpUwxXkeJwiYfoJl3arDj3njdrwz0pFQy2ZBalLcHviN0deS-DDXb3y_kJq1iZeS-CsxtN7yuxBC9fRzqyhzJLSyI00OevCcEvsCxhkNq-h9wUvXHlxVobprBnmL-wp0SH1lJnMqEeOsI0cMfczKOCmfTUh86L&tracking_referrer=www.theguardian.com
https://www.nature.com/articles/s43016-023-00795-w
https://theconversation.com/vegan-diet-has-just-30-of-the-environmental-impact-of-a-high-meat-diet-major-study-finds-210152
https://www.cancer.ox.ac.uk/research/networks/EPIC
https://www.ox.ac.uk/news/2021-11-11-sustainable-eating-cheaper-and-healthier-oxford-study
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(21)00251-5/fulltext
https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/howto/guide/vegan-diet-better-environment
https://www.worldwildlife.org/magazine/issues/winter-2015/articles/soy-the-biggest-food-crop-we-never-talk-about
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0271531721000191?via%3Dihub
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26853923/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073751/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7073751/
https://www.vegansociety.com/go-vegan/definition-veganism
https://www.statista.com/topics/7297/veganism-in-the-united-kingdom/#topicOverview
Our patrons demanded we talk about the sicence of Sensory Processing Disorder, and that's exactly what we're doing this week!
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References & Further Readinghttps://archive.org/details/sensoryintegrati00ayre/page/n11/mode/2up
https://childmind.org/article/the-debate-over-sensory-processing/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/285591455_DSM-5_Application_for_Sensory_Processing_Disorder_Appendix_A_part_1
https://eput.nhs.uk/media/b2sdvcsb/sensory-processing-disorder-information-leaflet-for-parents.pdf
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3149116/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1877117320300648?via%3Dihub
https://www.additudemag.com/slideshows/signs-of-sensory-processing-disorder/
https://www.additudemag.com/slideshows/signs-of-sensory-processing-disorder/
The rates of substance abuse are far higher amongst those with ADHD, so this week ADHD Love's Rox joins us to talk about addiction, sobriety, and ADHD!
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References & Further ReadingAddiction
https://nida.nih.gov/research-topics/addiction-science/drugs-brain-behavior-science-of-addiction
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/recreational-drugs-alcohol-and-addiction/drug-and-alcohol-addiction-useful-contacts/
https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/addiction-support/addiction-what-is-it/
ADHD
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/index.html
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/data.html
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/facts.html
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder/background-information/prevalence/#:~:text=In%20the%20UK%2C%20the%20prevalence,and%20in%20people%20with%20disabilities.
ADHD & Addiction
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4414493/
https://chadd.org/about-adhd/co-occuring-conditions/
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/advances-in-psychiatric-treatment/article/adhd-with-comorbid-substance-use-disorder-review-of-treatment/C0B6C471528932F7402424742F0AA463
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4403287/
https://www.additudemag.com/addictive-behaviors-adhd/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/substance-use-and-mental-health#:~:text=Occurring%20Mental%20Disorders-,Overview,most%20severe%20form%20of%20SUD.
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0376871620303343
ADHD Medication
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4147667/
https://childmind.org/article/adhd-meds-lead-addiction/
ADHD Children
https://www.additudemag.com/children-with-adhd-avoid-failure-punishment/
We can't quite remember what we talked about in this episode, so I guess you'll have to get stuck in and find out for yourself...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/amnesia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5861508/
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/may/29/amnesia-researchers-use-light-to-restore-lost-memories-in-mice
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982222019066
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/how-our-brains-make-memories-14466850/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4246028/
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/human-memory
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2649674/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/memory-loss-amnesia/
Extreme reactions to percieved rejection are common feelings amongst people with ADHD, but is the science there to back that up and explain wy it happens? That's what we're looking at in this week's episode Rejection Sensitive Dysphoria, voted for by our patrons
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References & Further ReadingADHD
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/symptoms/
RSD
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24099-rejection-sensitive-dysphoria-rsd
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10569543/
Emotional Dysregulation
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/symptoms/25065-emotional-dysregulation
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1586/ern.12.109
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37747111/
Do you care about the climate? How do you feel about Just Stop Oil? This week we're discussing the facts around climate change & how extreme protests affect public opinion.
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References & Further ReadingJust Stop Oil
https://juststopoil.org/faqs/
Public Order & Protest Laws
https://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/2023/655/made
Environmental Impacts of Fossil Fuels
https://www.un.org/en/climatechange/science/causes-effects-climate-change
https://www.nrdc.org/stories/fossil-fuels-dirty-facts
https://www.worldwildlife.org/threats/oil-and-gas-development
Protests
https://theconversation.com/just-stop-oil-do-radical-protests-turn-the-public-away-from-a-cause-heres-the-evidence-192901
https://theconversation.com/climate-change-radical-activists-benefit-social-movements-history-shows-why-181977
https://brookes.cloud.panopto.eu/Panopto/Pages/Viewer.aspx?id=384ad6d2-e8c1-4f38-bb5f-af1e00e54fda
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2378023120925949
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20230421-earth-day-the-science-of-climate-change-protest
https://www.gsb.stanford.edu/faculty-research/publications/activists-dilemma-extreme-protest-actions-reduce-popular-support
The UK government have promised to ban Conversion "Therapy", and yet they've still neglected to actually get around to it. This week we dig into the facts around this harmful pseudoscience.
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References & Further ReadingConversion Therapy
https://www.history.com/news/gay-conversion-therapy-origins-19th-century
https://www.stonewall.org.uk/everything-you-need-know-about-conversion-therapy
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/conversion-therapy-an-evidence-assessment-and-qualitative-study/conversion-therapy-an-evidence-assessment-and-qualitative-study
https://www.aacap.org/App_Themes/AACAP/docs/Advocacy/policy_resources/AACAP-conversion-therapy-issue-brief.pdf
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2352552521001092
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8189432/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27474701/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10018052/
Banning Conversion Therapy
https://www.forbes.com/sites/jamiewareham/2023/11/02/lgbtq-celebrities-demand-immediate-conversion-therapy-ban-in-uk/
https://www.thepinknews.com/2023/11/06/conversion-therapy-kings-speech-uk-lgbtq/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5040471/
https://www.stonewall.org.uk/about-us/news/which-countries-have-already-banned-conversion-therapy
Do you feel sad in Winter? If so you might have SAD! No, seriously... Seasonal Affective Disorder is a form of depression that follows a seasonal pattern. If you want to know more I guess you'll just have to watch!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/seasonal-affective-disorder-sad/treatment/
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/seasonal-affective-disorder-sad/symptoms/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/seasonal-affective-disorder
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/seasonal-affective-disorder-sad/about-sad/
https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/mental-health/seasonal-affective-disorder-sad/
https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/mental-health/mental-illnesses-and-mental-health-problems/seasonal-affective-disorder-(sad)
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/seasonal-affective-disorder
https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/seasonal-affective-disorder/#inheritance
https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/nutritionsource/vitamin-d/#:~:text=It%20is%20a%20fat%2Dsoluble,control%20infections%20and%20reduce%20inflammation.
https://www.nhs.uk/medicines/melatonin/common-questions-about-melatonin/#:~:text=It%20helps%20control%20your%20sleep,natural%20supply%20of%20the%20hormone.
There's some evidence that langauges can impact the way your brain works, but what happens when you know more than one? Thanks to our patrons, that's exactly what we're chatting about this week! Exclusively in English, unfortunately...
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References & Further ReadingLanguage
https://www.britannica.com/topic/language
Bilinguals
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4295724/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6168212/#:~:text=Bilinguals%20who%20learn%20two%20languages,referred%20to%20as%20sequential%20bilinguals.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5324728/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cogs.12672
How Language Affects the Brain
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2016/aug/07/being-bilingual-good-for-brain-mental-health
https://www.newyorker.com/science/maria-konnikova/bilingual-advantage-aging-brain
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/02/the-battle-over-bilingualism/462114/
https://ilabs.uw.edu/sites/default/files/2017_FerjanRamirez_Kuhl_NAEYC.pdf
https://www.cambridge.org/elt/blog/2022/04/29/learning-language-changes-your-brain/
https://www.lancaster.ac.uk/news/articles/2017/language-shapes-how-the-brain-perceives-time/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/how-language-shapes-thought/
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20221103-how-language-warps-the-way-you-perceive-time-and-space
It's easy to be oblivious to the ongoign pandemic, but this week we decided to dig into one of the biggest impacts of COVID-19; Long COVID
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/covid-19/covid-19-symptoms-and-what-to-do/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/covid-19/long-term-effects-of-covid-19-long-covid/
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-022-00846-2
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/long-term-effects/index.html
https://www.england.nhs.uk/coronavirus/post-covid-syndrome-long-covid/
https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/news/coronavirus-and-your-health/long-covid
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/disorders/dysautonomia#:~:text=What%20is%20dysautonomia%3F,parasympathetic%20parts%20of%20the%20ANS.
https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2023/05/02/1172806898/why-viral-reservoirs-are-a-prime-suspect-for-long-covid-sleuths
https://covid19.who.int/
https://coronavirus.data.gov.uk/
Sergei Krikalev, the forgotten cosmonaut, was left stranded in space thanks to the fall of the Soviet Union...
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References & Further Reading
Sergei
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sergey-Konstantinovich-Krikalyov
https://www.iafastro.org/biographie/sergey-krikalev.html
https://www.nasa.gov/missions/station/iss-research/down-to-earth-q-and-a-with-cosmonaut-sergei-krikalev/
https://spark.iop.org/time-travelling-astronaut
https://www.esa.int/Science_Exploration/Human_and_Robotic_Exploration/Eneide_-_Vittori_mission/Sergei_Konstantinovich_Krikalev
https://www.rbth.com/history/330415-last-soviet-citizen-cosmonaut
https://www.eurasiantimes.com/stranded-on-space-station-denied-entry-back-to-earth-russian-astronaut/
https://www.iflscience.com/when-the-soviet-union-collapsed-a-cosmonaut-was-left-stranded-in-space-57887
https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/26/world/after-313-days-in-space-it-s-a-trip-to-a-new-world.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wDO4q9EaUg4
https://www.theneweuropean.co.uk/brexit-news-europe-news-the-last-citizen-of-the-soviet-union-7792442/
https://www.nytimes.com/1994/02/04/us/man-in-the-news-sergei-konstantinovich-krikalev-symbol-of-new-cooperation.html
Mir Space Station
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mir-Soviet-Russian-space-station
Soviet Union
https://www.britannica.com/event/the-collapse-of-the-Soviet-Union/Aftermath-of-the-coup
https://www.britannica.com/story/why-did-the-soviet-union-collapse
Space Flight Records
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_spaceflight_records
https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/66787072
https://www.statista.com/chart/24605/people-who-have-spent-the-highest-the-number-of-days-in-space/
Dangers of Space
https://www.nasa.gov/humans-in-space/the-human-body-in-space/
This week we take on the topic of time blindness; an experience common amongst people with ADHD, wherein perception of time is… a bit of a mess.
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6556068/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6556068/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962130/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6556068/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9962130/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9187895/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9297734/
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/the-sensory-revolution/202306/how-to-tell-if-youre-time-blind
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25295647/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32996572/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5424262/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25295647/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36451126/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9714234/
https://www.britannica.com/science/time-perception/Perceived-duration
Did a love triangle cause America's first nuclear disaster? You'll just have to watch and find out...
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References & Further ReadingSL-1
https://nypost.com/2021/10/16/was-worlds-first-fatal-nuclear-explosion-sparked-by-a-love-triangle/
http://environmental-defense-institute.org/publications/SL-1Accident.pdf
https://sma.nasa.gov/docs/default-source/safety-messages/safetymessage-2007-09-01-sl1nuclearreactorexplosion-vits.pdf?sfvrsn=8ea91ef8_4
https://inldigitallibrary.inl.gov/PRR/163645.pdf
https://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/4828615
https://www.nrc.gov/reading-rm/basic-ref/glossary/nuclear-poison-or-neutron-poison.html
Microreactors
https://www.energy.gov/ne/articles/what-nuclear-microreactor
https://www.defense.gov/News/Releases/Release/Article/2998460/dod-to-build-project-pele-mobile-microreactor-and-perform-demonstration-at-idah/
https://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/nuclear-fuel-cycle/nuclear-power-reactors/small-nuclear-power-reactors.aspx
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Jessica (jessicaoutofthecloset) joins us this week to talk about Dr Maria Montessori and her groundbreaking method for education...
More from Jessica
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References & Further ReadingJessica’s Montessori Video
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rX_TVG1DZuc
Maria Montessori
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00247-019-04560-9
https://www.newyorker.com/books/under-review/the-miseducation-of-maria-montessori
Montessori Studies
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20230131-does-the-montessori-method-actually-work
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34899465/
https://www.forbes.com/sites/traversmark/2021/12/28/new-research-highlights-the-long-term-benefits-of-a-montessori-education/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10406168/
Gentle Parenting
https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/feet-tiktok-york-research-itv-b2227851.html
https://www.forbes.com/health/family/what-is-gentle-parenting/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10123053/
https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/full/10.1024/1422-4917/a000853?rfr_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed&url_ver=Z39.88-2003𝔯_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org
https://academic.oup.com/pnasnexus/article/2/6/pgad145/7192947
This week Joris joins us to chat about combined Autism & ADHD, or AuDHD!
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References & Further ReadingAutism1. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/hcp-dsm.html 2. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/data.html 3. https://www.bma.org.uk/what-we-do/population-health/improving-the-health-of-specific-groups/autism-spectrum-disorder 4. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/what-is-autism/
ADHD1. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/diagnosis.html 2. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/data.html 3. https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder/background-information/prevalence/
AuDHD1. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1586/14737175.2013.840417?journalCode=iern20 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8918663/#:~:text=According%20to%20the%20scientific%20literature,rate%20of%20comorbidity%20is%20intriguing. 3. https://bmcmedicine.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12916-020-01585-y 4. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1750946716300769 5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4010758/ 6. https://www.stir.ac.uk/people/1677005
Dr Richard Oakley Associate Director of Research and Innovation at the Alzheimer's Society, joins us this week to talk about one of the biggest killers in the UK...
One in three people born in the UK today will develop dementia in their lifetime. This autumn, join thousands of others and sign up for free to an Alzheimer’s Society Memory Walk at https://memorywalk.org.uk Get your tickets for Sci Guys Live in London here!
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References & Further Reading1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/alzheimers-disease/ 2. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/alzheimers-disease/treatment/ 3. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/alzheimers-disease/causes/ 4. https://www.nia.nih.gov/health/alzheimers-disease-fact-sheet 5. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-66221116 6. https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/form/checklist-for-dementia-symptoms 7. https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/blog/what-is-donanemab-alzheimers-drug 8. https://www.alzheimers.org.uk/blog/lecanemab-new-drug-early-stage-alzheimers-disease 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174086/ 10. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557825/ 11. https://www.thelancet.com/article/S0140-6736(20)30367-6/fulltext
Procrastination is leaving things until later... Or something. To be honest, I put off doing this so I'm phoning it in. Maybe listen to the episode?
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References & Further Reading
https://share.upmc.com/2015/07/the-science-behind-procrastination/
https://www.sciencefocus.com/science/procrastination/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886906004454
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Rrjc8Y6ZT28
https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/91793/1/Compass%20Paper%20revision%20FINAL.pdf
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.783570/full
https://www.nytimes.com/2019/03/25/smarter-living/why-you-procrastinate-it-has-nothing-to-do-with-self-control.html
https://www.apa.org/gradpsych/2010/01/procrastination
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8847795/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31679406/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4455841/
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References & Further Reading
Sleep Basics
https://www.ninds.nih.gov/health-information/public-education/brain-basics/brain-basics-understanding-sleep
Sleep Deprivation Basics
https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-deprivation
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5449130/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3940073/
Marie de Manacéïne
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/41563419_Some_Notes_on_the_Biography_of_Maria_Manasseina
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9322273/
https://iiif.wellcomecollection.org/pdf/b21975917
Peter Tripp
https://study.com/learn/lesson/peter-tripp-sleep-deprivation-experiment.html
https://www.reelradio.com/gifts/wmgmtripp.html
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4MT8ekBGyM4
https://www.wbur.org/npr/562305141/eleven-days-without-sleep-the-haunting-effects-of-a-record-breaking-stunt
How Sleep Deprivation Kills
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2928625/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/6857280/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2928622/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32502393/
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Luke takes the reins this week to guide us through transactional analysis, the pop psychology of social interaction...
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.simplypsychology.org/transactional-analysis-eric-berne.html
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/321111663_Scientific_evidence_base_for_transactional_analysis_in_the_year_2010 2. https://www.counselling-directory.org.uk/transactional-analysis.html 3. https://www.simplypsychology.org/transactional-analysis-eric-berne.html#The-Ego-States 4. https://mcpt.co.uk/transactional-analysis-and-ego-states/#:~:text=The%20parent%20ego%20state%20contains,the%20%27oughts”%20of%20life. 5. https://www.cosmopolitan.com/uk/love-sex/relationships/a39489576/what-is-weaponised-incompetence/ 6. https://www.counselling-directory.org.uk/memberarticles/a-brief-introduction-to-transactional-analysis 7. https://www.gp-training.net/transactional-analysis/parent-adult-child-ego-states/ 8. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transactional_analysis 9. https://youtu.be/nKNyFSLJy6o
John Green started an online war against J&J, all over a drug for Tuberculosis. So this week we're delving into the science of TB, and digging into the controversy surrounding it…
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/tuberculosis
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tuberculosis-tb/
https://www.cdc.gov/tb/default.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441916/
Tuberculosis Treatment Patents
https://wellcome.org/news/tuberculosis-curable-and-preventable-why-do-millions-still-die
https://time.com/6295511/how-an-innovative-deal-will-give-millions-access-to-cheaper-tuberculosis-drugs/
https://www.science.org/content/article/major-drug-company-bends-battle-over-access-key-tb-treatment
Gram Staining
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562156/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2857177/
You're a bad person if you don't listen to this episode... Either that or this was just an example of this week's topic, psychological manipulation!
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References & Further Readinghttps://psycnet.apa.org/home
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/are-we-all-manipulative/
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00974/full
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886906004776?via%3Dihub
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/ethics-manipulation/
http://openpsychometrics.org/tests/MACH-IV/1.php
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00454/full
https://encyclopedia.pub/entry/31801
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manipulation_(psychology)
https://www.worldcat.org/title/991673448
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/2158244020971615
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00454/full
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/communication-success/201510/14-signs-psychological-and-emotional-manipulation
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.manhattanprojectvoices.org/oral-histories/j-robert-oppenheimers-interview
- https://www.atomicheritage.org/profile/j-robert-oppenheimerhttps://ee.stanford.edu/~hellman/sts152_02/handout02.pdf
- https://www.history.com/topics/world-war-ii/trinity-test
- https://web.archive.org/web/20140904084107/http://www.wsmr.army.mil/PAO/Trinity/Pages/RalphSmithseyewitnessaccountoftheTrinitytriptowatchblast.aspx
- https://ahf.nuclearmuseum.org/ahf/history/science-behind-atom-bomb
Snake bites can be deadly, but luckily we have an incredibly effective treatment in antivenom. So why do thousands still die from snake venom annually? This week, we're slithering our way to the bottom of the antivenom conspiracy!
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.zmescience.com/feature-post/antivenom-made-precious/
https://www.who.int/teams/control-of-neglected-tropical-diseases/snakebite-envenoming/antivenoms#:~:text=They%20are%20made%20by%20immunizing,defences%20to%20eliminate%20these%20toxins
https://www.aaas.org/sites/default/files/sw-091613-bitingback.pdf
https://www.si.edu/spotlight/antibody-initiative/antivenom
https://www.popularmechanics.com/science/health/g561/how-to-make-antivenom-why-the-world-is-running-out/?slide=1
https://www.fic.nih.gov/News/GlobalHealthMatters/september-october-2022/Pages/antivenom-brief-history.aspx
https://www.britannica.com/science/venom
https://www.britannica.com/science/antibody
From Oedipus to Electra, envying members, and superegos - this week we dive into the life of Sigmund Freud with the 5th Sci Guy, NoahFinnce!
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References & Further ReadingFreud Biography
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigmund-Freud
https://www.biography.com/scientists/sigmund-freud
https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/freud_sigmund.shtml
Freudian Theories
https://www.livescience.com/54723-sigmund-freud-biography.html
https://journalpsyche.org/the-freudian-theory-of-personality/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3115290/
https://www.freud.org.uk/2003/06/12/homophobia/
https://www.livescience.com/why-freud-was-wrong.html
https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/freud_sigmund.shtml
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sigmund-Freud/Toward-a-general-theory
OceanGate's Titan Sub recently suffered a catastrophic implosion whilst attempting to visit the Titanic. This week we're parsing through the science & answering your questions on this entirely avoidable incident
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.britannica.com/topic/Titanic/Aftermath-and-investigation
- https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2023/6/23/what-is-a-catastrophic-implosion-all-about-the-titanic-sub
- https://eu.usatoday.com/story/graphics/2023/06/23/catastrophic-implosion-graphics-explain-how-the-search-for-the-lost-titanic-sub-titan-unfolded/70345807007/
- https://www.reuters.com/world/search-intensifies-titanic-sub-with-only-hours-oxygen-left-2023-06-22/
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=29co_Hksk6o&t=447s
- https://www.smithsonianmag.com/innovation/worlds-first-deep-diving-submarine-plans-tourists-see-titanic-180972179/
- https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-65934887
- https://www.npr.org/2023/06/23/1183976726/titan-titanic-sub-implosion-navy
- https://www.npr.org/2023/06/20/1183273102/titan-missing-sub-titanic-rescue-oceangate
- https://web.archive.org/web/20210804224656/http://www.compositesworld.com/articles/composite-submersibles-under-pressure-in-deep-deep-waters
- https://web.archive.org/web/20210416163438/https://www.compositesworld.com/articles/deepsea-submersible-incorporates-composite-pressure-capsule
- https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/science/science-news/11291994/Sir-Richard-Branson-quietly-shelves-Virgin-submarine-plan.html
- https://apnews.com/article/titan-titanic-submersible-design-49b8c2a713f316ce5987a394a27d23e8
- https://www.insider.com/titanic-sub-banging-sounds-experts-noises-theories-for-source-titan-2023-6
Are all women a little bit bi? According to the news, that's what science says... Shaaba joins us this week to separate fact from fibs, as we dive into research of bisexuality in women!
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References & Further Readinghttps://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2015-48448-001.pdf?auth_token=1932f885720642ba6bd5b07f11d27e0f3ed59bbf
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-34744903
https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/love-sex/women-are-never-straight-they-are-either-gay-or-bisexual-study-suggests-a6723276.html
https://www.essex.ac.uk/blog/posts/2023/02/02/women-are-more-likely-to-identify-as-bisexual-can-research-into-sexual-arousal-tell-us-why
https://www.essex.ac.uk/people/riege57202/gerulf-rieger
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-18372-0
This week Schuyler Bailar joins us as we dive in to share his insights as we dive into the science surrounding transgender athletes & the facts of trans inclusion in sport.
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References & Further ReadingOverview of Transgender Athletes
Sabine’s Video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cZ9YAFYIBOU)
Jangles Video (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6VtjgZF9RE8)
https://docs.google.com/document/d/102bypjtxt5gxDBJwdBJh10b9FgKoWoiu5ZZz5a8u-1U/edit
https://www.hrc.org/resources/get-the-facts-about-transgender-non-binary-athletes
https://www.aclu.org/news/lgbtq-rights/four-myths-about-trans-athletes-debunked
Women in Sport
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/04/28/sports/title-ix-anniversary-womens-sports.html
https://www.outsports.com/trans/2022/3/1/22948400/transgender-trans-athlete-championship-national-world-title
https://www.outsports.com/trans/2022/1/6/22867761/lia-thomas-penn-swimming-trans-truth-myth
Laws & Regulations
https://www.science.org/content/article/world-athletics-banned-transgender-women-competing-does-science-support-rule
https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/world-governing-body-tightens-restrictions-transgender-dsd-athletes-2023-03-23/
https://www.reuters.com/lifestyle/sports/uk-athletics-apply-world-bodys-transgender-rules-2023-03-31/
https://www.theguardian.com/sport/2023/mar/31/uk-athletics-bans-transgender-athletes-from-female-competition
https://health.gov/sites/default/files/2020-09/YSS_Report_OnePager_2020-08-31_web.pdf
Testosterone & Puberty
https://www.healthline.com/health/high-testosterone-in-women#outlook
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK1429
https://www.health.harvard.edu/medications/testosterone--what-it-does-and-doesnt-do
Hormone Studies on Athletes
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24593684/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25137421/
Effects of Medical Gender Transition
https://www.science.org/content/article/scientist-racing-discover-how-gender-transitions-alter-athletic-performance-including
https://cosmosmagazine.com/people/transgender-women-in-sport/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/sport/61346517
https://www.nbcnews.com/feature/nbc-out/trans-women-retain-athletic-edge-after-year-hormone-therapy-study-n1252764
https://ec.bioscientifica.com/view/journals/ec/8/7/EC-19-0196.xml
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31794605/
https://bjsm.bmj.com/content/55/15/865
https://academic.oup.com/jes/article/5/Supplement_1/A792/6241278?login=false
Sex-Based Advantages
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/if-a-persons-lung-size-ca/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/12773331/
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-49284389
Mixed Gender Competition
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9031995/
Have you heard about the first ever trans clinic? If not, there's a reason why that might be... Noah joins us this week to chat about Magnus Hirschfeld & the Institut für Sexualwissenschaft!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-forgotten-history-of-the-worlds-first-trans-clinic/
https://www.hmd.org.uk/resource/6-may-1933-looting-of-the-institute-of-sexology/
https://magnus-hirschfeld.de/ausstellungen/institute/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Magnus-Hirschfeld
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This week Vegard joins us to discuss the gay uncle hypothesis, a possible answer to the evolutionary mystery of homosexuality...
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3338633/
https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-26089486.amp
https://www.psychologicalscience.org/news/were-only-human/the-super-uncles-of-samoa.html
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1719534115
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What was that? An episode on auditory processing disorders? You're gosh darn right!
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.nhs.uk/conditions/auditory-processing-disorder/
https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/medical-information-0/auditory-processing-disorder/
https://www.healthline.com/health/auditory-processing-disorder#vs-dyslexia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6124895/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7654752/
Is it good to make children scared and violent? This is a debate people are having somehow... Anyway let's see what science has to say
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References & Further Readingapa.org/monitor/2012/04/spanking
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3447048/
https://www.gse.harvard.edu/news/uk/21/04/effect-spanking-brain
https://www.gse.harvard.edu/news/uk/21/04/effect-spanking-brain
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-science-says-and-doesn-t-about-spanking/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-science-really-says-about-spanking/
https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/11/spanking-kids-effective/574978/
https://www.theatlantic.com/family/archive/2018/11/spanking-kids-effective/574978/
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_corporal_punishment_in_the_United_States
https://time.com/3387226/spanking-can-be-an-appropriate-form-of-child-discipline/
Bill! Bill! Bill! Bill Nye the Science Guy doesn't join us this week, but we're chatting about him anyway. Join us as we dive into his life story & figure out whether Bill Nye is an actual scientist, or just a TV show host...
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References & Further Reading1. https://www.planetary.org/profiles/bill-nye 2. https://www.famousscientists.org/bill-nye/ 3. https://www.biography.com/personality/bill-nye 4. https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/is-bill-nye-the-science-guy-really-a-scientist
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You're feeling very sleepy... and excited to watch this episode... as we dive into the science of hypnosis!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/hypnosis
https://science.howstuffworks.com/science-vs-myth/extrasensory-perceptions/hypnosis8.htm
https://time.com/6171844/how-hypnosis-works/
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/is-there-any-scientific-explanation-for-hypnosis/
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20220519-does-hypnosis-work
https://www.apa.org/monitor/2011/01/hypnosis
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hypnotherapy/
https://www.health.harvard.edu/mental-health/the-power-of-the-placebo-effect
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3115290/
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From Doctor Who to Back to the Future, time travel is an idea that we can't seem to get enough of in science fiction, but this week we're discussing the science facts of bouncing around in time! Turns out time travel may not be as impossible as you think...
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References & Further Reading
Psychiatric Ward Basics
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/guides-to-support-and-services/crisis-services/treatment-in-hospital/
History of Psychiatric Wards
https://www.nursing.upenn.edu/nhhc/nurses-institutions-caring/history-of-psychiatric-hospitals/
https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/medicine/victorian-mental-asylum
https://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/diseases/early.html
https://www.newscientist.com/gallery/history-of-asylums/
Effectiveness of Psychiatric Wards
https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/psych-wards-arent-what-you-think-ive-seen-lives-saved-there/2017/07/21/cb92acb6-619e-11e7-a4f7-af34fc1d9d39_story.html
https://wchh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pnp.443
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1116562/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272494418303955
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/2C0B7D6D3E7EB5DC48B87BE7E7398BD4/S2056469400001376a.pdf/inpatient_rehabilitation_clinical_outcomes_and_cost_implications.pdf
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/A2D872065294E62058712243A20EA0CB/S0007125000277490a.pdf/the-psychiatric-ward-as-a-therapeutic-space-systematic-review.pdf
The Patients’ Perspective
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/guides-to-support-and-services/crisis-services/treatment-in-hospital/
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/nov/20/treatment-nhs-psychiatric-ward-mental-health-crisis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4724788/
https://www.southernhealth.nhs.uk/our-services/a-z-list-of-services/adult-mental-health-services
Can Bunny the dog really understand English, is it a hoax, or maybe something else entirely? This week we're using science to tackle the important questions & find out whether the TikTok dog can really talk...
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References & Further Readinghttps://www.vice.com/en/article/4ad4dm/can-bunny-the-talking-dog-really-talk
https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/27/style/bunny-the-dog-animal-communication.html
https://www.theverge.com/21557375/bunny-the-dog-talks-researchers-animal-cognition-language-tiktok
https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/bunny-how-to-speak-dog/
After 4 years of Sci Guys we’re tackling our biggest topic yet! This week we’re asking whether race exist biologically or is it just a social construct? So strap in & get ready for decades of nonsense to be debunked!
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References & Further Reading
Race & Ethnicity Basics
https://www.britannica.com/topic/race-human
https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Race
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/culture/article/race-ethnicity
History of Race
https://psycnet.apa.org/fulltext/2005-00117-003.pdf?auth_token=699db5b1de2c85afbddc7ac7066bc2424224ef56
Scientific Racism
https://library.harvard.edu/confronting-anti-black-racism/scientific-racism
https://www.npr.org/sections/codeswitch/2019/07/10/416496218/is-race-science-making-a-comeback
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/disturbing-resilience-scientific-racism-180972243/
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02244-w
Species & Taxonomy
https://www.nature.com/scitable/definition/species-312/#:~:text=A%20biological%20species%20is%20a,nature%20and%20produce%20fertile%20offspring.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taxonomic_rank#/media/File:Taxonomic_Rank_Graph.svg
https://www.britannica.com/animal/dog/Related-canids
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Neanderthal/Neanderthal-classification
Race & Genetics
https://www.nature.com/articles/ng1435
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8604262/
https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/04/reich-genetics-racism/558818/
https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/race-is-real-but-its-not-genetic
https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aac4951?url_ver=Z39.88-2003𝔯_id=ori:rid:crossref.org𝔯_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed
https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/genetic/people-bananas-share-dna.htm#:~:text=About%2060%20percent%20of%20our,the%20banana%2C%22%20Brody%20adds.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4037248/
Race as a Social Construct
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/race-is-a-social-construct-scientists-argue/
https://www.pbs.org/race/000_About/002_04-background-01-07.htm
https://www.oxfordreference.com/display/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100515181;jsessionid=7230B73AAF4E7C31C72AF1CA7E2DE2E7
Race in Research
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3808769/
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Bullying is a strangely accepted part of life; no matter how much schools (and workplaces) do to avoid it, bullies still manage to torment their victims. This week we take a look at the science to find out what makes a bully & whether there are any tactics to tackle this persistent problem
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References & Further Reading1. https://samgoldstein.com/resources/articles/general/the-science-of-bullying.aspx
2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7957129/
3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4552909/
4. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-01837-2
5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK390414/
6. https://www.science.org/content/article/better-health-through-bullying
7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23937767/
8. https://www.pacer.org/bullying/info/stats.asp
9. https://www.stopbullying.gov/resources/facts
10. https://www.betterhelp.com/advice/self-esteem/the-top-reasons-why-people-bully/
11. https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/bullying
12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30604449/
13. https://www.gov.uk/bullying-at-school/bullying-a-definition
Psychiatric hospitals & mental asylums often receive a bad rap in fiction, but is there any truth to that? This week we dive into the crazy history and science of psych wards!
CORRECTION
We mentioned that one can be admitted to a psychiatric ward via showing up at the ward itself, without prior referral.
This is very much not the case (as detailed in #1 of our references & further reading). In the UK one should speak to a GP, psychiatrist, or another healthcare specialist for a referral to inpatient psychiatric care.
Apologies for the error! We make an effort to an accurate & reliable source of information, and while sometimes we make mistakes, we are always open to corrections.
If you spot any points that need correcting, head to sciguys.co.uk/corrections
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References & Further Reading
Psychiatric Ward Basics
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/guides-to-support-and-services/crisis-services/treatment-in-hospital/
History of Psychiatric Wards
https://www.nursing.upenn.edu/nhhc/nurses-institutions-caring/history-of-psychiatric-hospitals/
https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/medicine/victorian-mental-asylum
https://www.nlm.nih.gov/hmd/diseases/early.html
https://www.newscientist.com/gallery/history-of-asylums/
Effectiveness of Psychiatric Wards
https://www.washingtonpost.com/national/health-science/psych-wards-arent-what-you-think-ive-seen-lives-saved-there/2017/07/21/cb92acb6-619e-11e7-a4f7-af34fc1d9d39_story.html
https://wchh.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/pnp.443
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1116562/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0272494418303955
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/2C0B7D6D3E7EB5DC48B87BE7E7398BD4/S2056469400001376a.pdf/inpatient_rehabilitation_clinical_outcomes_and_cost_implications.pdf
https://www.cambridge.org/core/services/aop-cambridge-core/content/view/A2D872065294E62058712243A20EA0CB/S0007125000277490a.pdf/the-psychiatric-ward-as-a-therapeutic-space-systematic-review.pdf
The Patients’ Perspective
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/guides-to-support-and-services/crisis-services/treatment-in-hospital/
https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2021/nov/20/treatment-nhs-psychiatric-ward-mental-health-crisis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4724788/
https://www.southernhealth.nhs.uk/our-services/a-z-list-of-services/adult-mental-health-services
Not all love is romantic and some people just don't feel romantic attraction - so out Patrons have asked us to cover the science of being aromantic & the effects of amatonormativity!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.stonewall.org.uk/about-us/news/5-things-you-should-know-about-aromantic-people#:~:text=What%20does%20aro%20mean%3F,or%20interaction%20with%20an%20individual.
https://idp.springer.com/authorize?response_type=cookie&client_id=springerlink&redirect_uri=https%3A%2F%2Flink.springer.com%2Farticle%2F10.1007%2Fs10508-021-02187-2
https://escholarship.org/uc/item/285899t4
https://med-fom-brotto.sites.olt.ubc.ca/files/2020/02/Antonsen-2020_Article_AceAndAroUnderstandingDifferen.pdf
https://www.aromanticism.org/en/research#research-guidelines
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/what-is-love
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4911849/
https://www.aromanticism.org/en/all-terms
Why do gay men sound... gay? NoahFinnce joins us as we find out whether this is just a tired stereotype, or a real phenomenon!
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References & Further Reading1. jstor.org/stable/455948?seq=2#metadata_info_tab_contents 2. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/wonk/wp/2015/07/28/what-it-means-to-sound-gay/ 3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S002199240800066X
Elliot returns to chat about Borderline Personality Disorder, clear up misconceptions & share what it it's like to live with!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/borderline-personality-disorder/causes/
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/borderline-personality-disorder-bpd/about-bpd/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/topics/borderline-personality-disorder#part_2244
https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/cg78
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1863557/
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/fulfillment-any-age/202012/the-brain-science-behind-emotions-in-borderline-personality
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3494330/
bpdfoundation.org.au/diagnostic-criteria.php
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430883/
This week, @ExplosmEntertainment 's Rob Denbleyker joins us to chat about the ever mounting horror that is AI generated art...
Check out Rob's work: explosm.net
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References & Further Reading
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/nov/12/when-ai-can-make-art-what-does-it-mean-for-creativity-dall-e-midjourney
https://www.americanscientist.org/article/ai-is-blurring-the-definition-of-artist
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/02/technology/ai-artificial-intelligence-artists.html
https://www.britannica.com/art/visual-arts
https://www.ibm.com/uk-en/cloud/learn/what-is-artificial-intelligence
https://www.britannica.com/technology/artificial-intelligence/Alan-Turing-and-the-beginning-of-AI
https://openai.com/blog/chatgpt/
https://chat.openai.com/chat
https://www.craiyon.com/
https://www.sciencefocus.com/news/dall-e-mini-the-messy-ai-image-generator-making-your-meme-dreams-come-true/
https://www.sciencefocus.com/future-technology/gpt-3/
Migraine is a deceptively debilitating and surprisingly common neurological condition, a massive thanks to our Patrons for voting on this topic & giving us the opportunity to learn more about it!
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References & Further Reading
Ahead of Eating Disorder Awareness Week, we're chatting about EDs, calorie counting, how our culture exacerbates the problem, and tons more!
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References & Further Reading
ED Test
https://screening.mhanational.org/screening-tools/eating-disorder/
Eating Disorders
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/behaviours/eating-disorders/overview/
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/eating-disorders
https://cks.nice.org.uk/topics/eating-disorders/management/
https://www.apa.org/monitor/2016/04/eating-disorders
https://www.huffingtonpost.co.uk/olivia-petter/are-eating-disorders-really-contagious_b_9767704.html
Calorie Counting
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/the-neuroscience-eating-disorders/202105/calorie-counts-and-eating-disorders-neuroscience
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5700836/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3409365/
To mark 200 episodes of Sci Guys we're tackling studies on incarceration, and asking the question: Does prison work?
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References & Further Reading
Prison Basics 1. https://www.britannica.com/topic/prison
2. https://researchbriefings.files.parliament.uk/documents/SN04334/SN04334.pdf
3. https://prisonreformtrust.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2022/07/Prison-the-facts-2022.pdf
4. https://www.gov.uk/life-in-prison/prisoner-privileges-and-rights
Does Prison Work?1. https://youtu.be/BsTIHo-_A1k 2. https://youtu.be/4iEcL6TVw9g 3. https://youtu.be/BXSv2nO5LeM 4. https://youtu.be/6mMwrS30XT8 5. https://www.law.ac.uk/resources/blog/is-prison-effective/ 6. https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/justice-and-prison-reform/prison-reform-and-alternatives-to-imprisonment.html 7. https://www.wlv.ac.uk/media/departments/faculty-of-social-sciences/documents/wolverhampton-law-journal/edition-4/(2020)-4-WLJ-64.pdf 8. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/do-prisons-make-us-safer/ 9. https://www.prisonpolicy.org/reports/pie2022.html#:~:text=Together%2C%20these%20systems%20hold%20almost,centers%2C%20state%20psychiatric%20hospitals%2C%20and
Stanford Prison Experiment 1. https://youtu.be/KND_bBDE8RQ 2. https://nypost.com/2018/06/14/famed-stanford-prison-experiment-was-a-fraud-scientist-says/
Working in Prison1. https://uklabourlawblog.com/2022/12/12/pay-for-work-in-prison-by-virginia-mantouvalou/#:~:text=A%20freedom%20of%20information%20request,that%20send%20work%20to%20prisons. 2. https://blogs.lse.ac.uk/politicsandpolicy/prisoners-labour-shortages/ 3. https://uklabourlawblog.com/2022/12/12/pay-for-work-in-prison-by-virginia-mantouvalou/#:~:text=A%20freedom%20of%20information%20request,that%20send%20work%20to%20prisons.
Prison & Mental Health1. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/inm.12733 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5008459/ 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4311616/ 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4311616/ 5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32258357/ 6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26330175/
Alternatives to Prison1. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2022/09/29/prison-release-covid-pandemic-incarceration/ 2. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/aug/16/we-know-that-prison-doesnt-work-so-what-are-the-alternatives 3. https://famm.org/wp-content/uploads/FS-Alternatives-in-a-Nutshell.pdf
Autism Study1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5286449/
Can you hear that? If so, you might have tinnitus... The wonderful Jamie Loxton joins us this week as we work our way through the science of this phantom sound!
Check out Jamie's podcast: https://open.spotify.com/show/3z2IExquSAcjMontKCFYrn?si=e57152b210314c63
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References & Further Reading
The lovely Leena Norms joins us this week to talk about Polycystic Ovary Syndrome!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.scientificanimations.com/wiki-images/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos/
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/basics/pcos.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459251/
https://www.nature.com/articles/nrdp201657
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pcos/conditioninfo/diagnose
https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/pcos/conditioninfo/diagnose
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3737989/
https://helloclue.com/articles/cycle-a-z/androgens-101/
https://www.londonwomenscentre.co.uk/info/news/difference-ovarian-cysts-pcos
https://helloclue.com/articles/cycle-a-z/what-you-may-not-know-about-pcos-questions-and-misconceptions/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8603735/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7513432/
https://ihra.org.au/18106/what-is-intersex/
https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/gender-identity/sex-gender-identity/whats-intersex
https://www.unfe.org/wp-content/uploads/2017/05/UNFE-Intersex.pdf
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(19)32764-3/fulltext
https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/environmentalaccounts/articles/whatisthedifferencebetweensexandgender/2019-02-21
Thanks to Jamboree for having us: https://www.jamboreevenue.co.uk/
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References & Further Reading
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/guy-simultaneously-raised-chimp-and-baby-exactly-same-way-see-what-would-happen-180952171/
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h-4Wl3sxtj4
https://psy.fsu.edu/php/about/history/wnk/Benjamin%20and%20Bruce.pdf
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/348649207_Revisiting_The_Ape_and_The_Child_Experiment_A_Mindsponge_Approach
https://www.nature.com/articles/133891b0
https://ia802609.us.archive.org/6/items/apechildstudyofe00kell/apechildstudyofe00kell_bw.pdf
https://www.science.org/content/article/humans-can-outlearn-chimps-thanks-more-flexible-brain-genetics
NOAHFINNCE, the 5th Sci Guy, joins us this week to talk about ADHD medication, how it works, and whether we should be giving it to children!
Check out Noah's music: https://open.spotify.com/artist/6y7T3BaNMGAYgRbATEq4cM?si=ZgoHbyDLSeqaNSUFcYt0gg
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/
https://www.fda.gov/consumers/consumer-updates/dealing-adhd-what-you-need-know
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/06/060626091749.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3489818/
https://psychopharmacologyinstitute.com/publication/methylphenidate-for-adhd-mechanism-of-action-and-formulations-2194?canonical=/publication/methylphenidate-for-adhd-mechanism-of-action-and-formulations-2194
https://www.verywellmind.com/how-do-stimulants-for-adhd-work-20895
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/06/060626091749.htm
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3489818/
https://www.google.com/search?q=when+was+adhd+first+diagnosed&rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB727GB727&oq=when+was+adhd+&aqs=chrome.1.69i57j0i512l9.9016j1j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8
https://psychopharmacologyinstitute.com/publication/methylphenidate-for-adhd-mechanism-of-action-and-formulations-2194?canonical=/publication/methylphenidate-for-adhd-mechanism-of-action-and-formulations-2194
Can cats & dogs be vegan? That's the question we're tackling in this week's episode, so strap in and get ready to find out whether you should give your pet a more planet conscious diet, or just trade them in for a rabbit...
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References & Further Reading
https://bvajournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1136/vr.m663
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/veggie-cat-food/
https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Omnivorous-dog-traits-revisited-Dogs-are-classified-as-omnivores-based-on-traits-that_fig1_268743597
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5035952/
https://bmcvetres.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12917-021-02754-8
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0265662
https://www.livescience.com/pets-plant-based-diet
https://www.newscientist.com/article/0-vegan-pet-food-can-cats-and-dogs-be-happy-and-healthy-without-meat/
https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2016/05/09/the-single-reason-the-biggest-animals-are-herbivores/?sh=784d55731e00
https://courses.lumenlearning.com/wm-biology2/chapter/herbivores-carnivores-and-omnivores/
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/herbivore
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/carnivore
https://www.petmd.com/cat/nutrition/evr_ct_cat_nutritional_needs_different
https://www.brauer.com.au/health-library/nutrient-bioavailability-what-it-is-and-why-its-important/
https://www.ciwf.com/farmed-animals/pigs/#:~:text=Pigs%20are%20naturally%20omnivorous%20and,are%20used%20to%20hunt%20truffles.
https://www.canr.msu.edu/news/are_you_absorbing_the_nutrients_you_eat
https://www.latimes.com/science/la-sci-panda-diet-bamboo-protein-carnivore-20190503-story.html
https://physicsworld.com/a/eye-shape-reveals-whether-animal-is-predator-or-prey/#:~:text=The%20study%20reveals%20that%20herbivorous,tend%20to%20have%20vertical%20pupils.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=F1Hq8eVOMHs
This week we discuss the science of booze with a practical demonstration... The 5th Sci Guy, Noah, joins us as we learn how alcohol really works whilst getting a little tipsy!
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References & Further Reading
https://science.howstuffworks.com/alcohol.htm
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/alcohol
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/alcohol-misuse/risks/
https://www.niaaa.nih.gov/alcohols-effects-health/alcohol-and-brain-overview
https://www.nature.com/scitable/blog/accumulating-glitches/how_and_when_did_humans/
https://www.livescience.com/48958-human-origins-alcohol-consumption.html
https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/alcohol-advice/calculating-alcohol-units/#:~:text=Units%20are%20a%20simple%20way,can%20process%20in%20an%20hour.
https://www.britannica.com/science/alcohol
Watch the Best of 2022: https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLk51mBkckTYj24DFrBfbu5SYAmx44TyeC
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In the spirit of the season our patrons voted in serial killers as the final topic for this year... So strap in as we dip our toes into true crime & chat about the science of killers, the myths surrounding them, and the psychology of their biggest fans...
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References & Further Reading
https://thekeep.eiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4722&context=theses
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17143448/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32284784/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16838388/
https://thekeep.eiu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=4722&context=theses
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17143448/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7144278/
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/cbm.615
https://blog.oup.com/2021/04/what-can-neuroscience-tell-us-about-the-mind-of-a-serial-killer/
https://docs.google.com/document/d/e/2PACX-1vSGtG_cFghBBi_Azq-9seQKuUH0iRWSWZzEowS4xR0O2niqMbYMWClyjgSg5EfmlllH2iO432O46yBc/pub
https://www.britannica.com/topic/serial-murder
https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/what-explains-the-decline-of-serial-killers
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/antisocial-personality-disorder/#:~:text=Antisocial%20personality%20disorder%20is%20a,care%20for%20other%20people's%20feelings.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=serial%20killer%20psychology&page=2
https://thehighcourt.co/serial-killer-facts/#:~:text=Only%201%25%20of%20all%20committed,in%20the%20US%20each%20year.
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20160331-why-are-we-eternally-fascinated-by-serial-killers
This week Jake (@10000Hawks) joins us to talk about the worst pandemic to ever shake the World... of Warcraft. In 2005 Blizzard Entertainment ran into a major issue when a WoW update resulted in the Corrupted Blood Incident...
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References & Further Reading
https://academic.oup.com/jid/article/200/7/1018/903237
https://www.britannica.com/science/pandemic
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/world-of-warcraft-coronavirus-corrupted-blood
https://escholarship.org/content/qt4qj303gp/qt4qj303gp_noSplash_a98544bf9b24082db88e4fd3ca838f88.pdf?t=q5jbq6
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrupted_Blood_incident
https://www.zmescience.com/other/pieces/the-weird-world-of-warcraft-pandemic-of-2005/
https://www.thelancet.com/journals/laninf/article/PIIS1473-3099(07)70212-8/fulltext
https://www.washingtonpost.com/video-games/2020/04/09/world-warcraft-experienced-pandemic-2005-that-experience-may-help-coronavirus-researchers/
https://www.reuters.com/article/us-flu-virtual/online-blood-plague-offers-lessons-for-pandemics-idUKTRE53Q4HI20090427?edition-redirect=uk
https://mh.bmj.com/content/39/2/115.long
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_of_Warcraft
https://www.google.com/search?q=corrupted+blood+incident&rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB727GB727&sxsrf=ALiCzsbCejmTiU_NX3_e_R3iTh6g27jfmw:1667055432824&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwjXlJO32YX7AhUbgP0HHcaWBLcQ_AUoAXoECAEQAw&biw=1512&bih=866&dpr=2#imgrc=yuZtqDSUjtAcCM
Self driving cars are hitting our roads so it seems like a good time to find out how they work (and how they don't). This week we're covering the science of autonomous vehicles, the ethics that guide them, and how capitalism (and Elon Musk) could be making them worse than they need to be...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07135-0
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352146520300995
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352146520300995
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352146520300995?ref=pdf_download&fr=RR-2&rr=753e48c77a1edd47
https://auto.howstuffworks.com/under-the-hood/trends-innovations/driverless-car.htm
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07135-0
https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2022/08/25/tesla-elon-musk-demo/
https://www.vice.com/en/article/k7bzxm/lets-go-hit-this-kid-tesla-stans-find-actual-child-to-try-and-prove-teslas-dont-run-over-kids
https://www.theverge.com/2022/8/12/23302850/tesla-full-self-driving-child-crash-open-letter
https://www.nytimes.com/2022/02/01/business/tesla-recall.html
https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2022/aug/09/tesla-self-driving-technology-safety-children#:~:text=Since%202016%2C%20the%20agency%20has,where%20Teslas%20hit%20emergency%20vehicles.
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/34/Elon_Musk_Royal_Society_%28crop2%29.jpg
World AIDs Day falls on the 1st of December, so this week we're covering the AIDS epidemic and some of the science behind HIV!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.vox.com/2015/12/1/9828348/ronald-reagan-hiv-aids
https://www.history.com/topics/1980s/hiv-aids-crisis-timeline
https://www.hiv.gov/hiv-basics/overview/history/hiv-and-aids-timeline#year-1984
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hiv-aids
https://www.cdc.gov/museum/online/story-of-cdc/aids/index.html
https://www.history.com/news/aids-epidemic-ronald-reagan
https://www.history.com/topics/1980s/history-of-aids#section_3
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiv-and-aids/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537293/
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/whatishiv.html#:~:text=Where%20did%20HIV%20come%20from,is%20called%20simian%20immunodeficiency%20virus.
https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/breastfeeding-special-circumstances/maternal-or-infant-illnesses/hiv.html#:~:text=Can%20HIV%20be%20transmitted%20through,does%20not%20eliminate%20the%20risk.
https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/hiv-transmission/ways-people-get-hiv.html
You might have heard of EDS, but it's a bit more than stretchy skin and doubled-joints, this week we dive into a range of Ehlers-Danlos Syndromes in this episode voted on by our patrons!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ehlers-danlos-syndromes/
https://www.ehlers-danlos.org/what-is-eds/information-on-eds/diagnosis/
https://www.ehlers-danlos.com/what-is-eds/
https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/6322/ehlers-danlos-syndromes
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549814/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507709/#:~:text=Collagen%20is%20protein%20molecules%20made,tendons%2C%20bones%2C%20and%20ligaments.
https://www.britannica.com/science/protein/Special-structure-and-function-of-proteins#ref593800
https://thetab.com/uk/london/2016/02/23/meet-the-inspiring-fresher-whose-bones-dislocate-daily-23692
By self - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=1385193
Scientists don't really know how antidepressants work... That sounds shocking but what does it really mean? In this week's episode, we're covering antidepressants and chatting about what scientists do & don't know about them!
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References & Further Reading
The Do Go On boys join us this week to talk about MK Ultra, the CIA's super secret, insanely immoral mind control experiments! Somehow, talking giraffes, one way mirrors, and skinless hands wormed their way into the conversation. Guess you'll have to watch to find out how...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.intelligence.senate.gov/sites/default/files/hearings/95mkultra.pdf
edia.org/wiki/MKUltra#Experiments_on_Americans
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/what-we-know-about-cias-midcentury-mind-control-project-180962836/
https://digitalcommons.cedarville.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1005&context=history_capstones
https://www.npr.org/2020/11/20/937009453/the-cias-secret-quest-for-mind-control-torture-lsd-and-a-poisoner-in-chief
https://www.npr.org/2020/11/20/937009453/the-cias-secret-quest-for-mind-control-torture-lsd-and-a-poisoner-in-chief
https://www.history.com/topics/us-government/history-of-mk-ultra#section_2
https://www.npr.org/2019/09/09/758989641/the-cias-secret-quest-for-mind-control-torture-lsd-and-a-poisoner-in-chief
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00943/full
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482407/
https://www.theguardian.com/news/1999/mar/11/guardianobituaries2
Boo! To celebrate Halloween, we're covering the very spooky topic of phobias... Also NoahFinnce (the 5th Sci Guy) is here too.
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/phobias/overview/#:~:text=A%20phobia%20is%20an%20overwhelming,about%20a%20situation%20or%20object. 2. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/agoraphobia/overview/ 3. https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/phobias/about-phobias/ 4. https://www.apa.org/monitor/julaug05/figuring#:~:text=Studies%20like%20these%20have%20led,amygdala%20and%20related%20brain%20areas.&text=The%20detail%20and%20scale%20of,is%20extraordinary%2C%20according%20to%20Rauch. 5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5580526/ 6. https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/phobias/causes-of-phobias/ 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519704/table/ch3.t11/ 8. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/phobias#:~:text=About%2019%20million%20Americans%20have,both%20men%20and%20women%20equally 9. https://www.verywellmind.com/list-of-phobias-2795453 10. https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/mental-health/phobias
Social anxiety (or social phobia) is a lot more than just feeling a bit uncomfortable around people - so this week, Vegard joins us to share his experiences while we chat about the science!
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References & Further Reading
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/social-anxiety/#:~:text=Social%20anxiety%20is%20more%20than,before%2C%20during%20and%20after%20them.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519712/table/ch3.t12/https://socialanxietyinstitute.org/dsm-definition-social-anxiety-disorder
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519712/table/ch3.t12/
https://socialanxietyinstitute.org/dsm-definition-social-anxiety-disorder
https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/social-anxiety-disorder-more-than-just-shyness
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34074171/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4925696/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28836318/
https://www.verywellmind.com/difference-between-gad-and-social-anxiety-disorder-1393009
verywellmind.com/social-anxiety-disorder-causes-3024749
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6363285/
Kids can be difficult, sometimes so difficult that we slap a psychiatric label on them because we're not sure what else to do. Oppositional Defiant Disorder is one of those labels given to kids that behave so poorly that adults can't handle them. This week, we chat about the disorder, prisons, & the pros and cons of pathologising some human behaviours...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK557443/
https://childmind.org/article/what-is-odd-oppositional-defiant-disorder/
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/conditions/oppositional-defiant-disorder
https://www.aacap.org/AACAP/Families_and_Youth/Facts_for_Families/FFF-Guide/Children-With-Oppositional-Defiant-Disorder-072.aspx
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4762933/
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2016/0401/p586.html
Deaf people are often excluded & misunderstood - particularly in the sciences. So we thought we'd take a look into the science of deafness & how the world treats deaf people in STEM. Joining us fro the chat is Elliot Douglas (theevolutionofelliot)! He may not be a sicentist but his deaf-initely worth paying attention to!
Check out Elliot: tiktok.com/@evolutionofelliot
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References & Further Reading
https://physicstoday.scitation.org/do/10.1063/pt.6.4.20210723a/full/
https://www.britishscienceassociation.org/blog/why-deaf-inclusion-matters
https://www.science.org/content/article/deaf-needs-hearing-impaired-scientists
https://leaps.org/deaf-scientists-just-created-over-1000-new-signs-to-dramatically-improve-ability-to-communicate/
https://www.noisyplanet.nidcd.nih.gov/hearing-loss-science#:~:text=Noise%2Dinduced%20hearing%20loss%20happens,the%20sound%20to%20the%20brain.
https://www.ndcs.org.uk/information-and-support/childhood-deafness/what-is-deafness/
https://hsci.harvard.edu/hearing-loss-0
https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/how-do-we-hear
https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/hearingloss/types.html
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/deafness-and-hearing-loss#:~:text=A%20person%20who%20is%20not,moderate%2C%20severe%2C%20or%20profound.
https://www.nidcd.nih.gov/health/hearing-aids#:~:text=A%20hearing%20aid%20has%20three,the%20ear%20through%20a%20speaker.
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hearing-aids-and-implants/
This week Tom Scott joins us to chat about linguistics, the scientific study of language. If you learn anything from this episode, let it be that a conversation with someone that likes linguistics is always going to go off the rails with as many tangents as possible...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.linguisticsociety.org/resource/science-linguistics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3yLXNzDUH58
https://linguistics.ucla.edu/undergraduate/what-is-linguistics/#:~:text=Linguistics%20is%20the%20scientific%20study,from%20other%20animal%20communication%20systems%3F
https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-349-27346-1
https://www.linguisticsociety.org/resource/science-linguistics
https://www.britannica.com/science/linguistics/The-20th-century
https://www.google.co.uk/search?q=is+linguistics+a+science&ie=UTF-8&oe=UTF-8&hl=en-gb&client=safari
https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=linguistics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3yLXNzDUH58
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_Phonetic_Alphabet
https://www.ipachart.com/
https://linguistics.ucla.edu/undergraduate/what-is-linguistics/#:~:text=Linguistics%20is%20the%20scientific%20study,from%20other%20animal%20communication%20systems%3F
https://linguistics.uchicago.edu/undergraduate/why-study-linguistics
https://www.forbes.com/sites/robtoews/2022/02/13/language-is-the-next-great-frontier-in-ai/
https://www.linguisticsociety.org/content/why-major-linguistics#:~:text=Linguistics%20is%20a%20major%20that,%2C%20and%20meaning%20(semantics).
https://all-about-linguistics.group.shef.ac.uk/branches-of-linguistics/phonetics/#:~:text=Phonetics%20is%20a%20branch%20of,teeth%2C%20to%20produce%20particular%20sounds.
https://all-about-linguistics.group.shef.ac.uk/branches-of-linguistics/phonology/
https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2016/01/difference-between-language-dialect/424704/
https://www.britannica.com/topic/language/Historical-attitudes-toward-language
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hockett%27s_design_features
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4544681/#:~:text=Hockett%20presented%20a%20list%20of,seven%20properties%20he%20identified%20previously.&text=To%20these%20he%20added%20vocal,feedback%2C%20semanticity%2C%20and%20discreteness.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6232916/
https://www.thoughtco.com/syntax-grammar-1692182#:~:text=In%20linguistics%2C%20%22syntax%22%20refers,syntactic%20properties%20of%20a%20language.
https://www.thoughtco.com/semantics-linguistics-1692080
https://www.britannica.com/science/pragmatics
https://www.bbc.co.uk/worldservice/learningenglish/grammar/pron/features/schwa/
Our patrons voted in kinks as this month’s topic - which (among other things) means opening up the DSM and seeing which fetishes are pathologised & which aren’t…
CW: pedophillia mention
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References & Further Reading
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3940015/#:~:text=Introduction-,Transvestic%20fetishism%20is%20having%20a%20sexual%20or%20erotic%20interest%20in,of%20the%20American%20Psychiatric%20Association.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32935177/ https://
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6525106/#!po=10.3659
https://amp.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2015/feb/14/science-bdsm-kink-biology-psychology-fifty-shades
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32119312/
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/difference-between-fetish-and-kink_n_5b58a59ae4b0b15aba94749b/amp
Circumcision is one of the oldest surgical procedures we still know of and perform today, but the question is why? Beyond the religious elements, are there any benefits to circumcising babies? Are they better off being circumcised before they can talk, or should we wait until they're able to consent? We're digging into the scientific debates surrounding those very questions in this week's episode...
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References & Further Reading
https://jme.bmj.com/content/30/3/241.1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4277517/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4364150/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1198743X16302683
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41443-020-00354-y
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1016/S0968-8080%2807%2929303-6
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3638798/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/circumcision-in-men/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/circumcision-in-boys/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3225416/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/phimosis/
https://www.acog.org/womens-health/faqs/newborn-male-circumcision
Body Dysmorphic Disorder is a condition that most people have heard of, but they may not understand it as well as they think... This week, we take a dive into BDD & find out what it is, how it's treated, and more...
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References & Further Reading
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30806630/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29701157/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20623926/
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28611331/
https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/body-dysmorphia/#:~:text=Body%20dysmorphic%20disorder%20(BDD)%2C,affects%20both%20men%20and%20women.
https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/body-dysmorphic-disorder-bdd/about-bdd/
Vaping seems to have taken over the world in the past few years - one minute it doesn't exist, the next every teenager and their mum is sucking on an e-cig. It seems that vapes are safer than smoking, but that's not a very high bar... At least one major question remains to be answered: Is it safe to vape, or is vaping dangerous for your health?
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References & Further Reading
What is Vaping?
https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/quit-smoking/using-e-cigarettes-to-stop-smoking/
https://nida.nih.gov/publications/drugfacts/vaping-devices-electronic-cigarettes
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-61914166
https://okvape.co.uk/blog/vaping-beginners/brief-history-of-e-cigarettes/
Vaping & Nicotine Safety
https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/Quick-Facts-on-the-Risks-of-E-cigarettes-for-Kids-Teens-and-Young-Adults.html
https://www.ccjm.org/content/86/12/789.long
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7274878/
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0163725821000395?via%3Dihub
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7285995/
https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/causes-of-cancer/smoking-and-cancer/is-vaping-harmful
https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/news/e-cigarettes
https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/can-vaping-damage-your-lungs-what-we-do-and-dont-know-2019090417734
https://www.lung.ca/lung-health/vaping-what-you-need-know#:~:text=Lung%20disease%3A%20Vaping%20can%20make,%2C%20in%20some%20cases%2C%20death.
https://ukhsa.blog.gov.uk/2018/02/20/clearing-up-some-myths-around-e-cigarettes/
https://www.bupa.co.uk/newsroom/ourviews/is-vaping-harmful
https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/wellness-and-prevention/5-truths-you-need-to-know-about-vaping#:~:text=1%3A%20Vaping%20is%20less%20harmful,many%20of%20which%20are%20toxic.
https://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/basic_information/e-cigarettes/severe-lung-disease.html
Nicotine
https://www.britannica.com/science/nicotine
https://www.bat.com/nicotine
Autism and Gender Dysphoria seem to have some link that scientists have yet to crack, but our Patrons tasked us with getting to the bottom of this. So NoahFinnce, the fifth Sci Guy, joins us this week as we discuss the relationship between being autistic & being trans...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.autism.org.uk/advice-and-guidance/what-is-autism/autism-and-gender-identity
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/13623613211039113
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26753812/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532313/
Obesity is an epidemic in much of the western world, but is it really all that bad? The Obesity Paradox is the name given to something unexpected that some scientists have found when it comes to how obesity affects health...
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References & Further Reading
Obesity
https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-weight/bmi-calculator/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/obesity/
https://www.who.int/health-topics/obesity#tab=tab_1
https://www.bmj.com/content/346/bmj.f1050
https://www.science.org/content/article/obesity-doesn-t-always-mean-ill-health-here-s-what-scientists-are-learning
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg25333682-800-have-we-got-the-science-of-obesity-back-to-front/
Obesity Paradox
https://www.nytimes.com/2018/02/28/well/obesity-paradox-fails-to-hold-up-in-study.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2813817/
https://www.nature.com/articles/ijo201799
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40519-019-00815-4
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/03/180315203916.htm
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.04.28.20082800v1
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7221058/
https://journal.chestnet.org/article/S0012-3692(21)00562-6/fulltext
Abortion rights have been rolled back in the USA thanks to a Supreme Court decision. So this week we delve into the process of abortions & the unbelievable story of Dr Morgentaler, a doctor who fought for abortion rights in Canada during the 70s & 80s - whilst continuing to provide (unfairly) illegal abortions.
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References & Further Reading
UK Abortion Law
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_in_the_United_Kingdom#:~:text=Abortion%20in%20the%20United%20Kingdom%20is%20legally%20available%20through%20the,2)%20Regulations%202020.
Abortion
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/abortion/what-happens/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/search/research-news/906/
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/abortion-rights-are-good-health-and-good-science/
https://www.britannica.com/science/abortion-pregnancy
Morgentaler
https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/henry-morgentaler-1923-2013
https://scc-csc.lexum.com/scc-csc/scc-csc/en/item/288/index.do
https://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/30/world/americas/henry-morgentaler-abortion-doctor-in-canada-dies-at-90.html
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1346397/?page=1
DNA is the code for almost everything that makes you you - but the story behind how we discovered and learned more about this little molecule of life is filled with sexism and scandals...
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References & Further Reading
https://www.britannica.com/science/DNA
https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/dna-a-timeline-of-discoveries/
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2015/jun/23/sexism-in-science-did-watson-and-crick-really-steal-rosalind-franklins-data
https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/watson_and_crick.shtml
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/discovery-of-dna-structure-and-function-watson-397/
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/discovery-of-dna-structure-and-function-watson-397/
https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/rosalind-franklin-a-crucial-contribution-6538012/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rosalind-Franklin
https://lmuthisweek.lmu.edu/2021/03/22/sexism-in-science-was-rosalind-franklin-robbed-of-a-nobel-prize/#:~:text=In%20her%20short%20lifetime%20of,an%20affluent%20Anglo%2DJewish%20family.
We all know that the dinosaurs went extinct millions of years ago, but what exactly happened? Research into some brand new fossils may have given us a much better idea of exactly what happened on the day that the dinosaurs died out...
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-61013740 2. https://www2.nau.edu/lrm22/lessons/chicken_wing/wing.html 3. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-61013740.amp 4. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/dinosaur-extinction?cmpid=int_org=ngp::int_mc=website::int_src=ngp::int_cmp=amp::int_add=amp_readtherest 5. https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/dinosaur-extinction.html 6. https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/how-an-asteroid-caused-extinction-of-dinosaurs.html 7. https://www.forbes.com/sites/ericmack/2019/09/09/the-day-the-dinosaurs-died-told-in-horrifying-new-detail/amp/ 8. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/why-birds-survived-and-dinosaurs-went-extinct-after-asteroid-hit-earth-180975801/
Where did life on Earth come from? Some famous scientists believed that aliens may have intentionally colonised Earth with microscopic life. It may sound crazy, but they might be more convincing than you think...
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References & Further Reading
Francis Crick 1. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1962/crick/biographical/ 2. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Francis-Crick
Leslie Orgel 1. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/11/05/us/05orgel.html
Crick & Ogel’s Panspermia Paper 1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/0019103573901103
Panspermia 1. https://www.newscientist.com/definition/panspermia/ 2. https://astrobiology.nasa.gov/news/in-search-of-panspermia/ 3. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/the-origins-of-directed-panspermia/ 4. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/life-unbounded/the-panspermia-paradox/ 5. https://astronomy.com/magazine/ask-astro/2017/10/meteorite-origins#:~:text=Famous%20astronomer%20Carl%20Sagan%20once,stellar%20systems%20is%20highly%20unlikely.
You might think no one would willingly drink liters of radioactive water, but that just means you clearly haven't heard of Ebenezer Byers - a man who did just that! Until his jaw came off...
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References & Further Reading 1. https://historyofyesterday.com/eben-byers-the-man-who-drank-radioactive-water-until-his-jaw-fell-off-d2634336b504 2. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-great-radium-scandal/ 3. https://web.archive.org/web/20071113070153/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,743525,00.html 4. https://www.orau.org/health-physics-museum/collection/radioactive-quack-cures/pills-potions-and-other-miscellany/radithor.html 5. https://journals.lww.com/health-physics/Citation/1980/12000/INCEPTION_OF_STANDARDS_FOR_INTERNAL_EMITTERS,.28.aspx 6. https://www.nytimes.com/1932/04/02/archives/death-stirs-action-on-radium-cures-trade-commission-speeds-its.html 7. https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/cancer-in-general/treatment/radiotherapy/internal/radioactive-liquid-treatment/radium-223 8. https://people.uwec.edu/jolhm/EH/Rosenhoeft/index5.htm
Why are some humans monogamous while others are polyamorous? Spice8Rack joins us to give his insight while we chat about polyamory & some of the science surrounding this form of ethical non-monogamy.
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References & Further Reading 1. https://dictionary.cambridge.org/dictionary/english/polyamory 2. https://www.choosingtherapy.com/polyamory/ 3. https://www.livescience.com/27128-polyamory-myths-debunked.html 4. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/10/191029182513.htm 5. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/new-sexual-revolution-polyamory/ 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8213580/ 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6910656/ 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8321986/ 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5436896/ 10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6985779/ 11. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33833712/ 12. https://yougov.co.uk/topics/relationships/trackers/how-brits-feel-about-polyamory 13. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2019.00230/full 14. https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/are-humans-naturally-monogamous/ 15. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2018.00139/full 16. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2018.00030/full
Birth control pills currently only exist for females - but why is that? This week we discuss contraception for cis men & delve into the sexism that this research is steeped in...
Rowan's video: The Problem With "Google is Free" Activism https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nbUwkCfT3vU
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-pill/what-are-the-disadvantages-of-the-pill 2. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/periods/ 3. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/male-pill/ 4. https://news.sky.com/story/amp/contraceptive-pill-for-males-is-99-effective-in-preventing-pregnancy-12573228 5. https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/pressroom/newsreleases/2022/march/non-hormonal-pill-could-soon-expand-mens-birth-control-options.html 6. https://www.newscientist.com/article/2313115-male-contraceptive-pill-is-safe-and-effective-in-tests-in-mice/amp/ 7. https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn4237-male-contraceptive-trial-has-100-success/ 8. https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/birth-control/birth-control-pill/what-are-the-disadvantages-of-the-pill 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2940206/#__ffn_sectitle
Jammidodger returns to the podcast this week as we cover metoidioplasty, a type of lower surgery mostly for transgender men and trasnmasc people! A huge thank you to our patrons for voting on this topic.
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.gendergp.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/NHS-Gender-Protocol.pdf 2. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/21668-metoidioplasty 3. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fendo.2021.760284/full#B11 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6626308/ 5. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/andr.13016 6. https://www.goldjournal.net/article/S0090-4295(20)31152-3/fulltext 7. https://www.grsmontreal.com/en/frequently-asked-questions/12-metaiodoplasty.html 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK547703/#:~:text=The%20Skene's%20glands%2C%20which%20are,to%20act%20as%20an%20antimicrobial. 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6127556/#:~:text=The%20techniques%20have%20been%20refined,to%20create%20a%20small%20neophallus. 10. https://www.bladderandbowel.org/surgical-treatment/suprapubic-catheter/
Do bisexual men exist? Noted bisexual, "Are They Gay" joins us this week as we cover the studies that claimed to prove that bisexual men were, in fact, a myth.
AreTheyGay's channel: https://www.youtube.com/c/AreTheyGay
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References & Further Reading
Arousal Pattern Studies & Articles 1. https://www.nytimes.com/2005/07/05/health/straight-gay-or-lying-bisexuality-revisited.html 2. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01578.x?url_ver=Z39.88-2003𝔯_id=ori%3Arid%3Acrossref.org𝔯_dat=cr_pub++0pubmed& 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7749350/ 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8000017/ 5. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9881-7 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7749278/ 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6175819/ 8. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-011-9746-0 9. https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2003631117 10. https://bi.org/en/questions/all-women-are-bisexual-but-bi-men-dont-exist-right 11. eadt.co.uk/news/university-of-essex-research-on-bisexual-men-2685984 12. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-34744903
Bisexuality & Kinsey Scale 1. https://www.stonewall.org.uk/about-us/news/short-history-word-bisexuality 2. https://bi.org/en/101/Kinsey-Klein 3. https://kinseyinstitute.org/research/publications/kinsey-scale.php
Brilliant scientists, Ramon S Barthelemy & Timothy Atherton join us this week to discuss their recent work looking at LGBT (and other marginalised) people in physics!
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References & Further Reading 1. https://journals.aps.org/prper/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevPhysEducRes.18.010124 2. First paper - European Journal of Physics 3. https://twitter.com/remakingstem 4. https://www.aps.org/careers/physicists/profiles/barthelemy.cfm 5. https://faculty.utah.edu/u6025022-RAMON_BARTHELEMY/research/index.hml 6. https://physicsworld.com/a/why-google-builds-quantum-computers-the-lgbq-experience-in-physics-cerns-carbon-footprint/ 7. https://as.tufts.edu/physics/people/faculty/atherton
Would you change your genetic code at home if you could? One man decided to try in an attempt to cure his HIV....
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References & Further Reading
Tristran Roberts & The Treament 1. https://twitter.com/aitherick?s=21 2. https://www.futurefrontiers.co/speakers/tristan-roberts/ 3. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/05/19/style/biohacker-death-aaron-traywick.html 4. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-43973588.amp 5. https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2018/05/aaron-traywick-death-ascendance-biomedical/559745/ 6. https://gizmodo.com/this-guy-just-injected-himself-with-a-diy-hiv-treatment-1819659724/amp 7. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-41990981.amp 8. https://law.stanford.edu/press/guy-just-injected-diy-hiv-treatment-facebook-live/ 9. https://www.futurefrontiers.co/speakers/tristan-roberts/ 10. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jpYE3cUogh0
Biohacking 1. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-019-0294-9
HIV & AIDS 1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiv-and-aids/ 2. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/livingwithhiv/treatment.html 3. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiv-and-aids/treatment/ 4. https://www.who.int/health-topics/hiv-aids#tab=tab_1 5. https://www.cdc.gov/hiv/basics/livingwithhiv/treatment.html 6. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hiv-and-aids/treatment/ 7. https://www.commonwealthfund.org/publications/issue-briefs/2020/jan/us-health-care-global-perspective-2019
Munchausen By Proxy Syndrome (or, more correctly, Factitious Disorder Imposed on Another) is a condition wherein a person does almost everything they can to make someone else appear seriously ill. Portrayed persistently in pop culture, particularly with the case of Gypsy Rose - FDIA is widely known but not very well understood...
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/fabricated-or-induced-illness/overview/ 2. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/fabricated-or-induced-illness/signs/ 3. https://adc.bmj.com/content/78/3/210 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2990557/ 5. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/munchausens-syndrome/overview/#:~:text=Munchausen's%20syndrome%20is%20a%20psychological,are%20the%20centre%20of%20attention. 6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32772954/ 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5875173/ 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5915702/ 9. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0029646518300434?via%3Dihub 10. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29938745/ 11. https://www.biography.com/news/gypsy-rose-blanchard-mother-dee-dee-murder
Turns out training people to perform surgery is actually quite difficult, so some scientists decided to copy animal trainers to see if it made a difference...
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4773331/ 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1473025/ 3. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/positive-reinforcement-helps-surgeons-learn/ 4. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/positive-reinforcement-helps-surgeons-learn/ 5. https://www.simplypsychology.org/operant-conditioning.html
Scientists in the 20th century were looking for a way to use radiation that helped humanity instead of hurting it. So they decided to blast food with radiation to see if they could make it better. Here's how that worked out...
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References & Further Reading 1. By Nepenthes - Own work, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=12137858 2. https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/mar/13/growing-atomically-energised-plants-james-wong 3. https://www.ripleys.com/weird-news/atomic-gardening/ 4. https://www.naro.go.jp/english/laboratory/nics/radbreedlab/index.html 5. https://www.naro.affrc.go.jp/archive/nias/eng/org/GR/IRB/#:~:text=The%20Institute%20of%20Radiation%20Breeding,Co%20source%20at%20the%20center. 6. https://www.popsci.com/science/what-is-an-atomic-garden/ 7. https://www.atomicgardening.com/1958/10/01/rebuilding-plants/ 8. https://www.gardeningknowhow.com/garden-how-to/propagation/seeds/learn-about-irradiating-seeds.htm 9. https://www.ediblegeography.com/strange-and-beautiful-seeds-from-the-atom/ 10. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Global-impact-of-mutation-derived-varieties-Ahloowalia-Maluszynski/6b80382ab33c62f9cb3e1028b473aa8b105207d4 11. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/08/28/science/28crop.html 12. https://pruned.blogspot.com/2011/04/atomic-gardens.html 13. http://www.atomicgardening.com/downloads/atomic-gardening-for-the-layman/ 14. http://www.atomicgardening.com/1960/02/21/the-atomic-gardening-society/ 15. https://www.google.com/search?q=why+does+radiationc+ause+mutation&rlz=1C5CHFA_enGB727GB727&oq=why+does+radiationc+ause+mutation&aqs=chrome..69i57j0i13j0i22i30l4j0i8i13i30l2j0i390l2.4312j0j7&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK218706/#:~:text=Ionizing%20radiation%20damages%20the%20genetic,transmitted%20from%20generation%20to%20generation. 17. https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/what-is-radiation 18. https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/radiation/what_is.html 19. https://www.sciencealert.com/fruits-vegetables-before-domestication-photos-genetically-modified-food-natural 20. genome.gov/genetics-glossary/Mutation
Justin Schmidt has been stung by over 100 insects. Being a scientist, he used his experience to create a scale for measuring the pain of insect stings. You won't believe what some people do with the most painful sting we've found....
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.nhm.ac.uk/scroller-schmidt-painscale/ 2. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/21/magazine/the-connoisseur-of-pain.html 3. https://entomologytoday.org/2016/09/30/a-peek-into-the-mind-of-the-creator-of-the-schmidt-sting-pain-index/ 4. https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2016/05/15/477852486/stung-by-83-different-insects-biologist-rates-his-pain-on-a-scale-of-1-to-ow 5. https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/Justin-O-Schmidt-40012997 6. https://amp.theguardian.com/environment/2018/may/11/experience-i-have-been-stung-by-150-species-of-insect 7. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/arch.940010205 8. https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/amp/news/2019/2/king-of-sting-rates-most-painful-insects-558529 9. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/insect-stings 10. https://www.thoughtco.com/bullet-ant-sting-facts-4174296
Scientists created a third thumb to help you with everyday tasks, here's the science behind it!
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.ucl.ac.uk/news/2021/may/robotic-third-thumb-use-can-alter-brain-representation-hand?utm_source=Portico&utm_medium=Print&utm_campaign=Portico2021 2. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=TY6Dm4Klumc 3. https://www.ucl.ac.uk/icn/people/tamar-makin 4. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.abd7935 5. https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371%2Fjournal.pbio.3000729 6. https://plasticity-lab.com/body-augmentation 7. https://plasticity-lab.com/ 8. https://www.daniclodedesign.com/thethirdthumb 9. https://www.dezeen.com/2017/07/05/controllable-third-thumb-lets-wearers-extend-natural-abilities-royal-college-art-design-graduates/# 10. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/scirobotics.abd7935# 11. https://www.youtube.com/watch?app=desktop&v=TY6Dm4Klumc
What happened to the scientist who swallowed a shrew? Find out in this week’s episode! Why did he do it? Find out in this week’s episode! Was it worth it? You know where to find out…
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References & Further Reading
https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/030544039590008X?token=2AD5CCE378AA407CB7D48BD3909243E42FB91C109A3C51013D4CC284A751D8352AD33368BBB8589D13CA3A71D0A6ACFA&originRegion=eu-west-1&originCreation=20220329231748
https://www.theguardian.com/education/2008/jul/01/improbableresearch.highereducation
https://www.science.org/content/article/crappy-navigation-system-and-shrew-swallowing-win-sciences-highest-dishonor
https://improbable.com/ig/winners/
https://www.jstor.org/stable/2421143
Sci Guys is 3 years old & our patrons chose Gender Dysphoria as the topic for this anniversary episode! NoahFinnce joins us to give his perspective on this as we discuss how gender dysphoria can affect trans (and sometimes cis) people!
Check out Noah’s music: https://open.spotify.com/album/41d02ZUTdg1D67AAFZ8UuI?si=2BGi_SIRRgO0fPVNSDqBjg
The videos mentioned:
Is Sex Binary: https://youtu.be/UpA42REDV8w
The Science of Gender: https://youtu.be/GrNRD2TkdBw
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References & Further Reading
Gender Dysphoria 1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gender-dysphoria/ 2. https://www.britannica.com/science/gender-dysphoria 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532313/ 4. https://www.psychiatry.org/psychiatrists/cultural-competency/education/transgender-and-gender-nonconforming-patients/gender-dysphoria-diagnosis 5. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gender-dysphoria/symptoms/ 6. https://gic.nhs.uk/info-support/gender-dysphoria/ 7. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/296700032_The_DSM-5_Diagnostic_Criteria_for_Gender_Dysphoriahttps://www.england.nhs.uk/wp-content/uploads/2017/04/gender-development-service-children-adolescents.pdf
History of Gender Dysphoria 1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22844818/ 2. https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/political-minds/202010/the-weird-history-gender-dysphoria-research?amp
Cause of Gender Dysphoria 1. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/12/191202135655.htm 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7415463/
Male vs Female Brains 1. https://stanmed.stanford.edu/2017spring/how-mens-and-womens-brains-are-different.html#:~:text=Adjusted%20for%20total%20brain%20size,is%20bigger%20than%20a%20woman's. 2. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-00677-x 3. https://scholarship.shu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1018&context=locus 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6939487/
UK Gender Dysphoria Treatment Protocol 1. https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/docs/default-source/improving-care/better-mh-policy/college-reports/cr181-good-practice-guidelines-for-the-assessment-and-treatment-of-adults-with-gender-dysphoria.pdf 2. https://www.gendergp.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/NHS-Gender-Protocol.pdf 3. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gender-dysphoria/treatment/
Sex 1. https://dictionary.apa.org/sex-characteristic
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/circadian-rhythm-disorders#:~:text=Circadian%20rhythm%20disorders%20are%20problems,to%20sleep%20and%20wake%20up. 2. https://rarediseases.org/rare-diseases/non-24-hour-sleep-wake-disorder/ 3. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41398-020-0694-0 4. https://www.theravive.com/therapedia/circadian-rhythm-sleep-disorder-dsm--5-307.45-(icd--9--cm%2C-multiple-codes)
No one knows what happens when you die, but scientists may be a step closer to changing that...
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.livescience.com/first-ever-scan-of-dying-brain 2. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnagi.2022.813531/full?utm_source=fweb&utm_medium=nblog&utm_campaign=ba-sci-fnagi-what-happens-in-the-brain-when-we-die 3. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-50601-6 4. https://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2015/04/the-science-of-near-death-experiences/386231/ 5. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-near-death-experiences-reveal-about-the-brain/ 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6139799/
Sometimes twins can battle it out while in the womb, resulting in one of them just... disappearing. This is vanishing twin syndrome, and it's far more common than you may first think.
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References & Further Reading
Twins & Pregnancy
https://www.genome.gov/genetics-glossary/identical-twins
https://www.twins.org.au/twins-and-families/about-twins/171-mirror-image-twins
https://www.nhs.uk/pregnancy/finding-out/pregnant-with-twins/
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/miscarriage/
Vanishing Twins
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK563220/#:~:text=Vanishing%20twin%20syndrome%2C%20as%20the,image%20of%20a%20vanishing%20twin.
https://time.com/4091210/chimera-twins/
https://www.livescience.com/teens-twin-found-inside-adbomen-fetus-in-fetu.html
Gestational Sac
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551624/
Human organs are in short supply - but this year scientists decided to genetically modify a pig heart to save the life of a man with terminal heart disease. This xentoransplant is brand new science & had never been done before. This week we go over the crazy experiments and mind-blowing science that led to this medical marvel.
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References & Further Reading
Xenotransplantation
https://archive.bio.org/articles/xenotransplantation-benefits-and-risks-special-organ-transplantation
https://www.omixon.com/brief-history-xenotransplantation/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4684730/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3246856/
https://www.who.int/ethics/en/ETH_Nuffiled_xenotransplantation.pdf
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2019.03060/full
https://www.fda.gov/vaccines-blood-biologics/xenotransplantation
https://www.groomers-online.com/professional-c1/scissors-c22/left-handed-scissors-c265/groomers-elite-45-straight-left-handed-bull-nosed-scissors-p755
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34697231/
Organ Donation & Transplants
https://www.organdonation.nhs.uk/helping-you-to-decide/about-organ-donation/statistics-about-organ-donation/
https://www.organdonation.nhs.uk/helping-you-to-decide/about-organ-donation/living-donation/
https://www.nhsbt.nhs.uk/what-we-do/transplantation-services/organ-donation-and-transplantation/
First Pig Heart Transplant
https://www.economist.com/science-and-technology/2022/01/15/the-science-behind-the-first-successful-pig-to-human-heart-transplant
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-59944889.amp
https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-022-00111-9
https://secure.jbs.elsevierhealth.com/action/consumeSsoCookie?redirectUri=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelancet.com%2Faction%2FconsumeSharedSessionAction%3FJSESSIONID%3DaaaBetSmryb39fIGYw37x%26MAID%3DcerwNnXJRoDD37sdGKDXfw%253D%253D%26SERVER%3DWZ6myaEXBLFD8VbcQEfOcg%253D%253D%26I2KBRCK%3D1%26ORIGIN%3D695817921%26RD%3DRD%26exp%3DTEn4cY9Dbt214rWTophWGQ%25253D%25253D&code=null&acw=Secure;SameSite=None&utt=
https://amp.theguardian.com/science/2022/feb/03/german-researchers-to-breed-pigs-for-human-heart-transplants
What happpens when you're pregnant, but without actually being pregnant? These are hysterical pregnancies, and they are totally real. Find out more about these odd phantom foetuses in today's episode.
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References & Further Reading
Hysterical Pregnancies
https://www.psychdb.com/somatic/pseudocyesis
https://www.cureus.com/articles/40598-a-rare-case-of-pseudocyesis-in-a-patient-with-bipolar-disorder
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2738334/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3674939/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3361851/#__ffn_sectitle
https://www.britannica.com/science/false-pregnancy
https://www.britannica.com/science/hydatidiform-mole
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5894469/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4133423/
https://americanpregnancy.org/getting-pregnant/infertility/false-pregnancy/
Somatic Symptom Disorders
https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/somatic-symptom-disorder/what-is-somatic-symptom-disorder
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2990557/
https://www.psychdb.com/somatic/dsm-5/z-other-specified
Australia's wildlife is known for being dangerous, but humans introduced a creature that gave them all a run for their money. The Cane Toad is an invasive species that has singlehandedly taken over Australia in only a few years...
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References & Further Reading
Invasive Species 1. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/invasive-species/ 2. https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-are-invasive-species.html
Cane Toads 1. https://media.nature.com/original/magazine-assets/d41586-021-02317-9/d41586-021-02317-9.pdf 2. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/amphibians/facts/cane-toad 3. https://australian.museum/learn/animals/frogs/cane-toad/ 4. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/invasive-australian-cane-toads-are-more-cannibalistic-their-south-american-counterparts-180978558/
Introduction to Australia 1. https://pestsmart.org.au/toolkit-resource/how-did-the-cane-toad-arrive-in-australia/ 2. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-australia-39348313.amp 3. https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2019/oct/26/australian-water-rats-cut-cane-toads-open-with-surgical-precision-to-feast-on-their-hearts 4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18271722/ 5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20919631/ 6. https://www.pnas.org/content/101/49/17150 7. http://www.iucngisd.org/gisd/100_worst.php
Cyarine joins us this week to chat about the science of Autism!
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References & Further Reading
Autism 1. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(13)61539-1/fulltext 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3513682/ 3. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/what-is-autism/ 4. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/signs/adults/ 5. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/pasteur-02445082 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3757918/ 7. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/autism-spectrum-disorder/symptoms-causes/syc-20352928#:~:text=Genetics.,risk%20of%20autism%20spectrum%20disorder. 8. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrn.2017.112 9. https://www.bma.org.uk/what-we-do/population-health/improving-the-health-of-specific-groups/autism-spectrum-disorder#:~:text=It%20is%20estimated%20that%20around,diagnosis%20of%20autism%20spectrum%20disorder. 10. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/hcp-dsm.html 11. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/other-conditions/ 12. https://autisme.nl/media/120192/artikel_erfelijkehid_autisme.pdf
Aspergers 1. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/All-Disorders/Asperger-Syndrome-Information-Page
Causes 1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21299355/ 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25222596/
Gender & Sex Differences 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4284309/ 2. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11920-019-1006-3 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5925757/
Treatments 1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/autism-and-everyday-life/fake-and-harmful-treatments/ 2. https://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/autism/conditioninfo/treatments
The 5 Stages of Grief are almost omnipresent in pop culture, but is the science behind it sound? Let's find out!
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References & Further Reading
Grief & the Kubler Ross-Model
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK507885/
https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.5325/gestaltreview.16.3.0312
https://www.sth.nhs.uk/clientfiles/File/Theory%20of%20Loss.pdf
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31746715/
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0030222818809766
https://www.britannica.com/science/thanatology
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6844541/
Elisabeth Kubler-Ross
https://time.com/3946458/kubler-ross-history/?amp=true
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/stories-53267505.amp
https://www.ekrfoundation.org/elisabeth-kubler-ross/
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264310506_Elisabeth_Kubler-Ross
Kubler-Ross Alternatives
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7797418/
Love languages have become a staple in pop culture, but is there any science behind them? That's what we're taking a look at in this Valentine's special!
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.5lovelanguages.com/quizzes/love-language/ 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24020933/ 3. https://archive.org/details/fivelovelanguage00chap 4. https://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/20/fashion/can-gary-chapman-save-your-marriage-this-life.html 5. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/17464090500535822?scroll=top&needAccess=true 6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17531984/ 7. https://amp.theatlantic.com/amp/article/600283/ 8. https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.psichi.org/resource/resmgr/journal_2020/25_3_hughes.pdf 9. https://www.wired.com/story/tiktok-algorithm-mental-health-psychology/amp
ASMR seemed to take over the world in the 2010s... but is there any science behind it? That's what we're digging into this week!
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/04/04/magazine/how-asmr-videos-became-a-sensation-youtube.html 2. https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/asmr-more-than-a-feeling/amp/ 3. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/is-asmr-real-or-just-a-pseudoscience/ 4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29924796/ 5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33232904/ 6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31128572/ 7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34769976/ 8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33174254/ 9. https://peerj.com/articles/851/
Are octopusses sentient? According to the UK government, yes! Although that may not mean exactly what you think...
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References & Further Reading
Review of Cephalopod & Crustacean Sentience
-
https://www.lse.ac.uk/News/News-Assets/PDFs/2021/Sentience-in-Cephalopod-Molluscs-and-Decapod-Crustaceans-Final-Report-November-2021.pdf
-
https://www.livescience.com/39481-time-to-declare-animal-sentience.html
-
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4494450/
Octopus Info
- https://www.britannica.com/animal/octopus-mollusk
Sentience
- https://science.rspca.org.uk/sciencegroup/sentience
Habituation
- https://www.britannica.com/topic/habituation
UK Government Sentience Bill
-
https://amp.theguardian.com/world/2021/jun/18/octopuses-and-lobsters-have-feelings-include-them-in-sentience-bill-urge-mps
-
https://www.livescience.com/cephalopods-and-crustaceans-recognised-as-sentient-in-uk
-
https://www.gov.uk/government/news/lobsters-octopus-and-crabs-recognised-as-sentient-beings
Why do humans have beards? And why is it predominantly men that are able to grow them? Scientists knuckled down and attempted to figure out the answer!
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References & Further Reading
-
https://www.britannica.com/topic/beard
-
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20160418-the-real-reason-men-grow-beards
-
https://www.improbable.com
-
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1090513817302660
Can rats feel empathy? It’s a tough question to tackle, and many scientists have worked on it over the years… but is it even possible to find the answer?
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.science.org/doi/full/10.1126/science.1210789 2. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10071-013-0692-1 3. https://www.britannica.com/science/empathy 4. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-319-16999-6_158-1 5. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-981-287-080-3_69-1 6. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1962-00569-001 7. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41386-019-0572-8 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4151454/
Is a robot a robot when it’s made of living cells? Scientists took frog cells and made them into tiny living robots with the apparent ability to build more of themselves from other cells!
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.pnas.org/content/118/49/e2112672118
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32364479/
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34043553
- https://www.pnas.org/content/117/4/1853
News Articles 1. https://wyss.harvard.edu/news/team-builds-first-living-robots-that-can-reproduce/ 2. https://choice.npr.org/index.html?origin=https://www.npr.org/2021/12/01/1060027395/robots-xenobots-living-self-replicating-copy 3. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/scientists-unveiled-the-worlds-first-living-robots-last-year-now-they-can-now-reproduce-180979150/ 4. https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.newscientist.com/article/2299252-living-robots-made-from-frog-cells-can-replicate-themselves-in-a-dish/amp/ 5. https://www.uvm.edu/news/story/team-builds-first-living-robots
For our first episode of 2022, we’re looking back at the first man on the moon! Join us on the journey as we look at the real story behind Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin’s (and Michael Collins’) giant step for mankind!
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References & Further Reading
Moon Landing Videos 1. https://youtu.be/S9HdPi9Ikhk 2. https://youtu.be/INQlaTnN2cg
Michael Collins 1. https://youtu.be/SWVgUwMTHEU
Wright Brothers 1. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wright-brothers
The Moon 1. https://www.space.com/amp/before-apollo-what-we-didnt-know-about-moon.html 2. https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/moons/earths-moon/overview/ 3. https://www.space.com/amp/55-earths-moon-formation-composition-and-orbit.html 4. https://www.space.com/amp/27029-moon-gravity-falling-astronauts.html
Kennedy Speech 1. https://er.jsc.nasa.gov/seh/ricetalk.htm
Pen Story 1. https://youtu.be/qGOrt_CRz_M 2. https://abcnews.go.com/amp/Politics/50-years-pen-saved-apollo-11/story?id=64228723
Apollo Missions 1. https://www.history.com/.amp/topics/space-exploration/moon-landing-1969 2. https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/apollo11.html 3. https://www.nasa.gov/wav/62284main_onesmall2.wav 4. https://www.bbc.co.uk/archive/moon-landings/z6bd382 5. https://www.history.com/.amp/news/moon-landing-apollo-11-facts 6. https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/apollo/missions/apollo11.html 7. https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucedorminey/2019/06/16/5-things-you-likely-never-knew-about-apollo-11/?sh=35b9a23ccecf 8. https://airandspace.si.edu/apollo-to-the-moon/online/apollo-11/about-the-spacecraft.cfm
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To celebrate the end of the year - we visit our best moments of 2021 using a very scientific Memory Machine…
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Our patrons voted for it and so we’ve done it, an episode on scientific studies surrounding asexuality!
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References & Further Reading
What is Asexuality? 1. https://www.stonewall.org.uk/about-us/news/six-ways-be-ally-asexual-people 2. https://www.birmingham.ac.uk/research/artslaw/openresearch/2021/asexuality.aspx 3. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/japp.12472 4. https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/teens/ask-experts/is-there-a-medical-reason-for-asexuality
Asexuality Research 1. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0959353512443668?journalCode=fapa 2. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00224499.2015.1015713?scroll=top&needAccess=true 3. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs10508-008-9434-x 4. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0251074 5. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0251074
HSDD 1. https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/sex-pleasure-and-sexual-dysfunction/sexual-dysfunction/premature-ejaculation
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In honour of Spider-Man: No Way Home we have taken it upon ourselves to create a real life Spider-Man. Or at the very least, figure out how what might be possible.
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References & Further Reading
Spider-Man 1. https://www.britannica.com/art/comic-book
Spiders 1. https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/api.nationalgeographic.com/distribution/public/amp/animals/invertebrates/facts/spiders 2. https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/amp.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/aug/09/ask-grown-up-spiders-stick-walls-ceilings 3. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/trade-secret-of-sticky-sp/
Radiation 1. https://www.epa.gov/radiation/radiation-basics 2. https://www.epa.gov/radiation/radiation-health-effects 3. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/060418-chernobyl-wildlife-thirty-year-anniversary-science
Soft Exosuits 1. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/epoly-2020-0049/html 2. https://www.wired.co.uk/article/exosuit-sri-robotics-darpa-soldiers
Spider Silk 1. https://www.britannica.com/science/elasticity-physics 2. https://www.britannica.com/science/tensile-strength 3. https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/epoly-2020-0049/html
Gecko Gloves 1. https://news.stanford.edu/news/2014/november/gecko-inspired-device-112114.html
Spider Sense 1. https://www.forbes.com/sites/alexknapp/2013/02/23/prototype-suit-gives-you-real-life-spider-sense/amp/
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Iain joins us this week to talk about their research into queer people, sex, and losing your virginity! Check out Bears in Trees album: https://open.spotify.com/album/4YDxrluNqhqrhcJ0ZkgfXc?si=mj-cPkwATfiQmTVDod4RFA
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References & Further Reading
- https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/00224499.2021.1960944
- https://www.stonewall.org.uk/lgbtq-inclusive-education-everything-you-need-know
- https://www.bbc.co.uk/bbcthree/article/cacc0b40-c3a4-473b-86cc-11863c0b3f30
- https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-17341-2_2
Our patrons decided that cults would be the topic of this week’s episode, so here you go! A little lighter on the heavy science this week as we delve into what cults are, how they work, and why people might join them...
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References & Further Reading 1. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0956797620971654 2. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jamie-Raines 3. http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29565/1/Being%20Transgender-%20Effects%20of%20Behaviour%2C%20Arousal%20and%20Wellbeing%20JR%20Thesis%2022.12.20.pdf 4. https://www.nytimes.com/1982/03/15/style/the-psychology-of-the-cult-experience.html 5. https://www.apa.org/monitor/nov02/cults.html 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2540138/?page=1 7. https://www.apa.org/monitor/nov03/jonestown 8. https://csuepress.columbusstate.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1356&context=theses_dissertations 9. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178116319941 10. https://www.openculture.com/2020/10/why-do-people-join-cults.html 11. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0165178116319941 12. http://cultresearch.org/definition-and-explanation-of-the-word-cult/ 13. http://vivianlawry.com/psychology-of-cults/ 14. http://www.psychology.uct.ac.za/sites/default/files/image_tool/images/117/Elizabeth.Ligthelm.pdf 15. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2021/07/12/what-makes-a-cult-a-cult/amp
Dr Jamie Raines joins us to talk through some of his groundbreaking research with trans men, and how gender affects arousal.
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References & Further Reading
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0956797620971654
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Jamie-Raines
http://repository.essex.ac.uk/29565/1/Being%20Transgender-%20Effects%20of%20Behaviour%2C%20Arousal%20and%20Wellbeing%20JR%20Thesis%2022.12.20.pdf
This week sleep science expert Dr Baland Jalal joins us to chat about sleep paralysis & dig into his research!
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References & Further Reading
Dr Baland Jalal 1. https://psychology.fas.harvard.edu/people/baland-jalal 2. https://www.neuroscience.cam.ac.uk/directory/profile.php?bj272 3. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Baland-Jalal/publication/262397186_Evidence_for_Tai_Chi_as_a_Therapeutic_Mind-Body_Intervention_for_Sleep_A_Commentary_on_Raman_et_al/links/0c9605379e7ea0f3c8000000/Evidence-for-Tai-Chi-as-a-Therapeutic-Mind-Body-Intervention-for-Sleep-A-Commentary-on-Raman-et-al.pdf
MR Therapy 1. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00028/full 2. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fneur.2020.00922/full
Sleep Paralysis 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8060736/#!po=22.4138 2. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00207148108409169?needAccess=true 3. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/1363461505050710?url_ver=Z39.88-2003 4. https://www.thecut.com/2016/07/a-neuroscientist-tried-to-help-me-overcome-my-sleep-paralysis.html 5. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Baland-Jalal/publication/258831277_A_Comparison_of_Self-Report_and_Interview_Methods_for_Assessing_Sleep_Paralysis_A_Pilot_Investigation_in_Denmark_and_the_United_States/links/0deec52ff95124e325000000/A-Comparison-of-Self-Report-and-Interview-Methods-for-Assessing-Sleep-Paralysis-A-Pilot-Investigation-in-Denmark-and-the-United-States.pdf
For the first time ever we’ve used CRISPR to edit someone’s genes INSIDE THEIR BODY! So far we’ve been able to reverse some effects of rare genetic eye disease that results in blindness, and this is only the beginning!
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References & Further Reading
- https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/leber-congenital-amaurosis/
- https://rarediseases.info.nih.gov/diseases/634/leber-congenital-amaurosis
- https://luxturna.com
Gene Therapy 1. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06195-6 2. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41587-020-0493-4 3. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41573-019-0012-9
The EDIT-101 Trial 1. https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/study/NCT03872479 2. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-018-0327-9 3. https://text.npr.org/2021/09/29/1040879179/vision-loss-crispr-treatment 4. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00655-8https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-00655-8 5. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764428https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/fullarticle/2764428
In this spooky episode of Sci Guys we explore the life of Johann Konrad Dippel - a mad scientist that some credit as the inspiration for Mary Shelley’s Dr Frankenstein… Despite the pack of any evidence.
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References & Further Reading
Johann Konrad Dippel 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1034731/?page=5 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1034731/?page=5 3. https://publishing.rcseng.ac.uk/doi/pdf/10.1308/147363513X13500508916973
Alchemy & Frankenstein 1. https://www.britannica.com/topic/alchemy/Modern-alchemy 2. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Frankenstein
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References & Further Reading
Scientific Studies & Papers 1. https://www.science.org/lookup/doi/10.1126/science.1250830 2. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165178116301524?via%3Dihub 3. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0963721419884309
News & Magazine Articles 1. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-28130690.amp 2. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-boredom-is-anything-but-boring/ 3. https://www.newyorker.com/culture/annals-of-inquiry/what-does-boredom-do-to-us-and-for-us
Can trees talk to each other? It turns out they might be able to, using fungi… This week, we discuss the Wood Wide Web that most of the world’s plants use to help them survive!
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References & Further Reading
Fungi 1. https://www.livescience.com/amp/53618-fungus.html 2. https://www.britannica.com/science/fungus/Mycorrhiza
Plants 1. https://www.britannica.com/plant/tree 2. https://www.britannica.com/science/forest
Mycorrhizal Networks 1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123739445003278 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4802747/ 3. https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-48257315.amp 4. https://www.nature.com/articles/449136a 5. https://www.science.org/content/article/wood-wide-web-underground-network-microbes-connects-trees-mapped-first-time 6. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-whispering-trees-180968084/ 7. https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/mycorrhizal-networks-wood-wide-web/amp/ 8. https://www.nationalforests.org/blog/underground-mycorrhizal-network 9. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/mycorrhizae
Uterus transplants are on the verge of becoming a common surgery for cis women, but one of the first women to ever receive this kind of surgery wasn’t cis… The life of Lilli Elbe, one of the first women to receive gender affirming surgery, has been romanticised and repackaged as a tender tragedy - but her real story is far more interesting & upliftng.
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References & Further Reading
Transplants 1. https://www.britannica.com/science/transplant-surgery/Organ-transplants 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2778785/ 3. https://www.nhsbt.nhs.uk/who-we-are/a-history-of-donation-transfusion-and-transplantation/
Uterus Transplants 1. https://academic.oup.com/humupd/article/3/3/267/653944https://www.britannica.com/science/uterus 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29210893/ 3. https://www.thieme-connect.de/products/ejournals/pdf/10.1055/s-0037-1606321.pdf 4. https://timesofmalta.com/articles/view/turkish-woman-has-world-s-first-womb-transplant.388596 5. https://www.abc.net.au/news/2014-10-04/woman-has-baby-after-womb-transplant-in-sweden/5790726?nw=0&r=HtmlFragment 6. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/av/health-29516910https://time.com/5044565/exclusive-first-u-s-baby-born-after-a-uterus-transplant/ 7. https://www.nytimes.com/2016/04/09/health/yeast-infectionled-to-removal-of-transplanted-uterus.html?_r=0 8. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamasurgery/article-abstract/564280 9. https://obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.3109/00016349.2010.520688 10. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1432-2277.2012.01438.x 11. https://www.nytimes.com/2002/03/07/world/medical-first-a-transplant-of-a-uterus.html
Uterus Transplants for Trans Women 1. https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2775302 2. https://jme.bmj.com/content/45/10/687.full 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6492192/
Lilli Elbe 1. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Lili-Elbe 2. https://www.biography.com/artist/lili-elbe
What would you do if you found an animal that, with a little help, could potentially live forever? Worship it as a God? What could go wrong? That’s exactly what we’re digging into this week!
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References & Further Reading
Lobsters
https://www.britannica.com/animal/lobster
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/dont-listen-to-the-buzz-lobsters-arent-actually-immortal-88450872/
Immortality & Aging
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3370421/
https://www.science.org.au/curious/earth-environment/animals-can-live-forever
Lobster Cult
https://www.urbo.com/content/your-new-god-worshiping-a-facebook-group-lobster/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5748990/
https://www.leviathanlobstergod.com/about
Buckminster Fuller was a futurist and inventor with a silly name and a penchant for creating incredible inventions - from cars, to homes, to geodesic domes!
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References & Further Reading
References & Further Reading 1. https://youtu.be/N1yxFDvqALI 2. https://www.britannica.com/biography/R-Buckminster-Fuller 3. https://www.bfi.org/about-fuller/big-ideas/dymaxion-world/dymaxion-map 4. https://www.britannica.com/technology/geodesic-dome 5. https://www.wired.com/2016/03/buckminster-fuller-brilliant-crank-lot-teach-silicon-valley/amp 6. https://amp.theguardian.com/theguardian/2013/jul/04/buckminster-fuller-architecture-design 7. https://library.stanford.edu/spc/manuscripts-division/r-buckminster-fuller-timeline 8. https://www.nytimes.com/1983/07/03/obituaries/r-buckminster-fuller-futurist-inventor-dies-at-87.html 9. https://exhibits.stanford.edu/bucky/feature/what-is-a-geodesic-dome 10. https://www.bfi.org/about-fuller/big-ideas/geodesic-domes
Do you ever have a thought come to mind that doesn’t feel like something you’d think, a thought that can make you feel disgusted or uneasy? Those are intrusive thoughts, and while they’re strongly associated with mental illness, they might be a bit more common than you might think…
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/symptoms/ 2. https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/scientists-identify-mechanism-that-helps-us-inhibit-unwanted-thoughts 3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2211364913000675 4. https://www.livescience.com/amp/44687-most-people-have-unwanted-thoughts.html 5. https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/your-stories/dealing-with-intrusive-thoughts/ 6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28776482/ 7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27510608/ 8. https://www.researchgate.net/journal/Journal-of-Obsessive-Compulsive-and-Related-Disorders-2211-3649 9. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2014-33292-013 10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2834572/
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American History tends to ignore the achievements of black people - which is why you probably haven’t heard of Benjamin Banneker… He was a polymath who went verbally toe to toe with Thomas Jefferson on the topic of slavery, was instrumental in the creation of the capital, and did so much more!
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.whitehousehistory.org/benjamin-banneker 2. https://archive.org/details/bulletinunitedst2311964unit/page/17/mode/1up?view=theater 3. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/three-things-know-about-astronomer-benjamin-bannekers-pioneering-career-180967136/ 4. https://friendsofbenjaminbanneker.com/history/benjamin-banneker-2/ 5. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=2vEQAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA65&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false 6. https://www.history.com/.amp/news/cicadas-discovery-benjamin-banneker 7. https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=uiug.30112037299119&view=1up&seq=13&skin=2021 8. https://www.biography.com/.amp/scientist/benjamin-banneker 9. https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/85984/retrobituaries-benjamin-banneker-african-american-mathematician-who-may-have-saved 10. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Benjamin-Banneker 11. https://www.wired.com/2010/02/benjamin-banneker-the-first-african-american-geek/am
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At the end of WWII hundreds of uranium cubes made for the Nazi nuclear program were taken by the USA, but they didn't take them all. Quite a number of these nuclear cubes went missing... A few have popped up here and there, until recently it's always been near impossible to tell if a cube is real, or just a really good replica - but scientists have just found a wild new way to find which ones are fakes...
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/news.sky.com/story/amp/hundreds-of-cubes-of-nazi-uranium-are-missing-now-scientists-have-a-new-way-to-spot-them-12389326 2. https://www.washingtonpost.com/gdpr-consent/?next_url=https%3a%2f%2fwww.washingtonpost.com%2fhistory%2f2021%2f08%2f25%2fnazi-nuclear-program-failed-uranium-cube%2f 3. https://www.newscientist.com/article/2287673-investigation-of-nazi-uranium-could-help-stop-modern-nuclear-smuggling/amp/?__twitter_impression=true 4. https://www.history.com/.amp/news/wwii-nazi-atomic-secrets-alsos-mission-kidnap-heisenberg 5. https://www.britannica.com/science/nuclear-fission 6. https://science.howstuffworks.com/nuclear-bomb.htm 7. https://www.osti.gov/biblio/1321436 8. https://www.britannica.com/science/carbon-14-dating 9. https://www.britannica.com/science/hydrogen/Isotopes-of-hydrogen#ref621366 10. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Werner-Heisenberg/Heisenberg-and-the-Nazi-Party
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Some men label themselves alphas - citing an old study on wolves, but surprisingly the results might not be as applicable to humans (or even wolves) as you might have thought…
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References & Further Reading
Wolf Packs
https://animals.howstuffworks.com/mammals/wolf-pack-mentality.htm
https://www.wolf.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/09/267alphastatus_english.pdf
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21963347
https://wolf.org/wolf-info/basic-wolf-info/wolf-faqs/#toggle-id-21
https://www.jstor.org/stable/3881436
Animal Social Behaviour & Hierarchies
https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20180925-with-females-in-charge-bonobo-society-is-more-chilled-out
http://amydprice.com/hypertext_narrative/primates_research.pdf
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bonobo-sex-and-society-2006-06/
https://www.worldwildlife.org/species/bonobo
https://www.britannica.com/video/193398/bonobos-humans
https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/evolution/library/07/3/l_073_03.html
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.newscientist.com/article/2180434-the-7-non-human-mammals-where-females-rule-the-roost/amp/
Human Alpha Studies
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30978215/
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0165025407084054
Alpha Male Pseudoscience
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.forbes.com/sites/danidiplacido/2021/01/26/the-pseudoscience-behind-the-sigma-male-explained/amp/
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/alpha-male-alpha-chimpanzee-primatologist-frans-de-waal-a8421291.html%3Famp
https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.businessinsider.com/no-such-thing-alpha-male-2016-10%3Famp
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=YTyQgwVvYyc
http://davemech.org/wolf-news-and-information/schenkels-classic-wolf-behavior-study-available-in-english/
http://davemech.org/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/ExpressionstudiesP.1-10.pdf
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=tNtFgdwTsbU
https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=BPsSKKL8N0s
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Ever seen or heard something as you were half asleep and woken up to realise it wasn’t there? Hypnagogic and hypnopompic hallucinations are actually fairly common!
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References & Further Reading
Hallucinations 1. https://www.britannica.com/science/hallucination/Chemical-factors 2. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/feelings-symptoms-behaviours/feelings-and-symptoms/hallucinations-hearing-voices/
Hypnagogic & Hypnopompic Hallucinations 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4988750/ 2. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/14313158_Hypnagogic_and_Hypnopompic_Hallucinations_Pathological_Phenomena 3. https://www.scielo.br/j/anp/a/C9cqbVby3nqWJrKYLvBngkk/?lang=en 4. https://journals.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/index.php/IJoDR/article/view/71170 5. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-23739-8_8 6. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(18)30138-X/fulltext 7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1RvBvYrklXM 8. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-87318-4 9. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/hypnagogia 10. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B978012375038900008X 11. https://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6638
Other Parasomnias & Related Effects 1. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20120522-suffer-from-sleep-shudders 2. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781437703269000282 3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11030656/ 4. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/290/5490/350?hwshib2=authn%3A1628867368%3A20210812%253Aed134caf-83e8-4fd7-9799-0ea1e0c31419%3A0%3A0%3A0%3AyeqVACDJVH2x2dHe%2FPUbZw%3D%3D 5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560817/ 6. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/narcolepsy/
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Myers Briggs types are scientific evaluation of your personality… or at least that’s how they’re sold. Turns out that they might be barely more scientific than your horoscope.
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References & Further Reading
What is MBTI? 1. https://www.16personalities.com/free-personality-test 2. https://www.mbtionline.com/en-US/Articles/2017/July/What-do-the-letters-in-the-Myers-Briggs-test-stand-for 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554596/ 4. https://www.16personalities.com/country-profiles/global/world
The Origins of MBTI 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NQqSnkI32A 2. https://www.myersbriggs.org/my-mbti-personality-type/mbti-basics/isabel-briggs-myers.htm 3. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-06614- 4. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Carl-Jung/Character-of-his-psychotherapy 5. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/264783017_Isabel_Briggs_Myers_Psychological_Type_and_the_Spirit_of_CG_Jung
Is the MBTI Test Scientific & Useful? 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dkQiYiXxmjg 2. https://quoteinvestigator.com/tag/carl-jung/ 3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26851600/ 4. https://www.livescience.com/amp/65513-does-myers-briggs-personality-test-work.html 5. https://jobtalk.indiana.edu/HRMWebsite/hrm/articles/develop/mbti.pdf 6. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.3102/00346543063004467 7. vox.com/platform/amp/2014/7/15/5881947/myers-briggs-personality-test-meaningless 8. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/014920639602200103 9. https://amp.theguardian.com/science/brain-flapping/2013/mar/19/myers-briggs-test-unscientific 10. https://pages.uoregon.edu/sanjay/bigfive.html
Robots are becoming more and more human-like, but something weird happens when things become too human without quite making it all the way - we start to hate them… This is the uncanny valley, and you’ll find a lot of things in it.
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.aaai.org/Papers/AAAI/2005/RBC05-007.pdf 2. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/medu.14184 3. https://spectrum.ieee.org/the-uncanny-valley 4. https://www.karger.com/Article/Abstract/507812 5. https://www.jneurosci.org/content/39/33/6555 6. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/why-uncanny-valley-human-look-alikes-put-us-on-edge/ 7. https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/news/scientists-identify-possible-source-of-the-uncanny-valley-in-the-brain 8. https://www.jneurosci.org/content/39/33/6555 9. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4557950 10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6211702/ 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6556781/ 12. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4392592/ 13. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/medu.14184 14. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25762967/ 15. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32526760/ 16. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20130901-is-the-uncanny-valley-reallist_works&sortby=pubdate
Some children tell stories about lives they used to live… Are they just playing pretend or is this proof of reincarnation? Maybe science has some answers…
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References & Further Reading
Past Lives, Jim Tucker & UVA’s Division of Perceptual Studies 1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550830708000943 2. https://med.virginia.edu/perceptual-studies/our-research/children-who-report-memories-of-previous-lives/ 3. https://med.virginia.edu/perceptual-studies/resources/advice-to-parents-of-children-who-are-spontaneously-recalling-past-life-memories/ 4. https://www.vice.com/en/article/jgqygg/hard-science-of-reincarnation-past-lives 5. https://www.npr.org/2014/01/05/259886077/searching-for-science-behind-reincarnation?t=1626790336553 6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550830721000951
False Memories, Source Errors & Other Explanations 1. https://www.livescience.com/7272-belief-reincarnation-tied-memory-errors.html 2. https://www.livescience.com/7737-reality-reincarnation.html 3. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/1363461503040001005 4. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.2466/pms.1996.83.3f.1107
Past Life Regression Therapy 1. https://www.thehypnotherapypracticeedinburgh.co.uk/why-past-life-regression-is-a-waste-of-money/ 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5797677/ 3. https://www.rcpsych.ac.uk/docs/default-source/members/sigs/spirituality-spsig/james-pandarakalam-a-search-for-the-truth-of-past-life-regression.pdf?sfvrsn=f5442f17_2 4. tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/00029157.1982.10404067?needAccess=true
The Egg 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h6fcK_fRYaI&vl=en-GB
Some people report being unable to stop daydreaming, to the point that it takes over their entire lives. Maladaptive Daydreaming isn’t yet a recognised disorder, but it only gets more strange from there...
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References & Further Reading
Maladaptive Daydreaming in the Media 1. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/the_daydream_that_never_stops 2. https://digest.bps.org.uk/2018/06/25/people-with-maladaptive-daydreaming-spend-an-average-of-four-hours-a-day-lost-in-their-imagination/ 3. https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2015/04/when-daydreaming-replaces-real-life/391319/ 4. https://www.nytimes.com/2021/04/10/at-home/daydreaming.html 5. https://edition.cnn.com/2016/12/30/health/maladaptive-daydreaming-feature/index.html
Eli Somer 1. https://www.youtube.com/user/SomerClinic/videos 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GsZ7ivOSKjQ 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=loE6Cq8lUS4 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gYZxHmfpcsI 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E_scn44bTEE 6. https://scholar.google.com/citations?hl=en&user=cIDL8CEAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate
Maladpative Daydreaming * https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maladaptive_daydreaming * https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1053810016300460?via%3Dihub * https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0022395621000844 * https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28598955/ * https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6426361/ * https://akjournals.com/view/journals/2006/9/4/article-p1056.xml * https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1023/A:1020597026919.pdf * https://gpsych.bmj.com/content/34/2/e100419 * https://maladaptivedaydreaming.org/pages/maladaptive-daydreaming-test
Pathologising, Disorders, & The DSM-5 * http://www2.hawaii.edu/~heiby/overheads_classification.html * https://wjh-www.harvard.edu/~dtg/KILLINGSWORTH%20&%20GILBERT%20(2010).pdf * Psychopathology * https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/1529100617727266 * https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3683251/ * https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3683251/
Scientists went hunting for the Loch Ness Monster in 2019, but the search wasn’t all it seemed to be…
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References & Further Reading
Loch Ness Monster & The Myths 1. https://www.livescience.com/61111-unusual-creature-sightings.html 2. https://www.britannica.com/place/Loch-Ness-lake-Scotland-United-Kingdom 3. https://www.lochnessproject.org/
Gimmell & His Survey 1. https://www.livescience.com/loch-ness-monster-dna-study.html?_gl=1e5q5rq_ga*YW1wLVBxOEh1MnFUNHpkcG9VNHEzWmkyZWxoaURiOF9TYkc3ZUZ2QS1uVmNTSjFCZDduOFhRS0dQcXlQWkJsUzB3N1E. 2. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-49495145 3. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/sep/05/loch-ness-monster-could-be-a-giant-eel-say-scientists 4. https://www.sciencefocus.com/news/loch-ness-monster-dna-study-reveals-plausible-explanation-for-sightings/ 5. https://www.otago.ac.nz/news/news/otago717609.html 6. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2019/09/loch-ness-monster-just-big-eel 7. https://gemmell-lab.otago.ac.nz/research 8. https://gemmell-lab.otago.ac.nz/our-team 9. https://scholar.google.co.nz/citations?hl=en&user=XGE4mdAAAAAJ&view_op=list_works&sortby=pubdate 10. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/loch-ness-monster-scotland-environmental-dna-science 11. http://www.sci-news.com/biology/eel-dna-loch-ness-07580.html 12. https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/loch-ness-monster-how-edna-helps-us-discover-what-lurks-beneath/ 13. https://twitter.com/ProfGemmell/status/1169748929887391744
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Sophia the Robot is one of the most famous robots in the world, outside of those in Sci-fi. Although, there may be more fiction than fact when it comes to her artificial intelligence…
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References & Further Reading
What is a Robot? 1. https://www.britannica.com/technology/robot-technology
Sophia The Robot 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=78-1MlkxyqI 2. https://www.cnbc.com/2018/06/05/hanson-robotics-sophia-the-robot-pr-stunt-artificial-intelligence.html 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7fnCQC7bLs0 4. https://www.hansonrobotics.com/sophia/ 5. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/photography/article/sophia-robot-artificial-intelligence-science 6. https://www.businessinsider.com/meet-the-first-robot-citizen-sophia-animatronic-humanoid-2017-10?r=US&IR=T 7. https://www.forbes.com/sites/zarastone/2017/11/07/everything-you-need-to-know-about-sophia-the-worlds-first-robot-citizen/#18ede81546fa 8. https://www.businessinsider.com/sophia-robot-hanson-robotics-other-humanoids-2017-11?r=US&IR=T
Strong AI, Chinese Room & Turing Tests 1. https://www.ibm.com/cloud/learn/strong-ai 2. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/chinese-room/ 3. https://iep.utm.edu/chineser/ 4. https://www.britannica.com/technology/Turing-test#ref1252405
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This week we get sneezy and wheezy, because the plants are being sleazy. Hay Fever is one of the most common allergies in the world & there’s a lot of science behind it that might surprise you...
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References & Further Reading
Hay Fever 1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hay-fever/ 2. https://www.britannica.com/science/hay-fever-pathology 3. https://www.britannica.com/science/pollen 4. https://www.britannica.com/plant/timothy 5. https://www.britannica.com/science/rhinitis 6. https://www.allergyuk.org/information-and-advice/statistics
Antihistamines 1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/antihistamines/#:~:text=How%20antihistamines%20work,which%20helps%20protect%20the%20body. 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3667286/
Hay Fever In Japan 1. https://mainichi.jp/english/articles/20210317/p2a/00m/0na/029000c 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4160535/
Hay Fever Treatment 1. https://www.imperial.ac.uk/nhli/research/research-impact/allergen-immunotherapy-in-the-treatment-of-hayfever/ 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/10441602/
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NoahFinnce joins us this week to talk about PTSD, our patron-voted topic for this month!
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References & Further Reading
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https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/overview/#:~:text=Post%2Dtraumatic%20stress%20disorder%20(PTSD)%20is%20an%20anxiety%20disorder,stressful%2C%20frightening%20or%20distressing%20events.
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https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd-and-complex-ptsd/symptoms/
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3181836/
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https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd/complex/
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https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-ptsd-and-complex-ptsd/symptoms/
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32847484/
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https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29502529/
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5604756/
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What would you do if your hand developed a mind of its own? No, this isn’t sci-fi, this is a reality for people with Alien Hand Syndrome…
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References & Further Reading
- https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11910-016-0676-z
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19434588/
- https://pn.bmj.com/content/practneurol/4/1/44.full.pdf
- https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11910-016-0676-z.pdf
- https://www.jsmf.org/meetings/2008/may/Mark%20VW%202008%20Alien%20hand%20syndrome.pdf
- https://n.neurology.org/content/91/11/527.long
- https://jnnp.bmj.com/content/65/3/366
- https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/alien-hand.htm#pt3
- https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.bbc.com/news/uk-12225163.amp
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4059570/
Stubbins Ffirth was a mess student who really went above and beyond to become a doctor, by using himself as a guinea pig to test the infectiousness of yellow fever…
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References & Further Reading
Yellow Fever
-
https://www.britannica.com/science/yellow-fever
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https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/yellow-fever
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https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/yellow-fever/
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https://www.cdc.gov/yellowfever/vaccine/index.html
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https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/diseases/yellow-fever
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2892770/
Stubbins Ffirth and his experiments
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https://wellcomecollection.org/works/mrme9h3v
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http://content.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,2050030-2,00.html
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https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.newscientist.com/article/dn16735-eight-scientists-who-became-their-own-guinea-pigs/amp/
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https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/article-abstract/1163961
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https://www.nature.com/articles/nj6959-745a
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https://www.jstor.org/stable/44450391?seq=1
We know that some people can walk around while fast asleep, but how does it work? What else can you do in your sleep? What would happen if you broke the law? Science might have the answers… You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References & Further Reading
Sleepwalking Basics 1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sleepwalking/ 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28363449/ 3. https://www.cell.com/current-biology/fulltext/S0960-9822(18)31288-0?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS0960982218312880%3Fshowall%3Dtrue 4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/17931980/ 5. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-science-of-sleepwalking-97626685/ 6. https://n.neurology.org/content/78/20/1583
Sleepwalking & The Law 1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15229043/ 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1286639/ 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4506454/ 4. https://www.sleep.theclinics.com/article/S1556-407X(11)00086-5/fulltext 5. Incognito: The Secret Lives of the Brain (2011) David Eagleman
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This week our patrons voted for Depersonalisation Derealisation Disorder and Dodie joined us to give her insight on the topic!
CONTENT WARNING: Discussion of Drug Use between 44:38 and 47:53. Listen to dodie’s album: https://dodie.ffm.to/buildaproblem
Unreal Charity: https://www.unrealuk.org/
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References & Further Reading 1. Psychopathology (2019) Graham Davey 2. Incognito: The Secret Lives of the Brain (2011) David Eagleman 3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24967634/ 4. https://oce.ovid.com/article/00005053-199809000-00004/HTML 5. https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/pdf/10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16010029 6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0165032716318961?via%3Dihub 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6964445/ 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7239558/ 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4924239/ 10. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29877178/ 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4204471/ 12. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/dissociative-disorders/ 13. https://frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.535652/full
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You’ve probably heard of Vantablack, the black that was once the blackest in the world, but you probably haven’t heard of the war it started between two artists - Stuart Semple & Anish Kapoor.
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/artist-only-person-banned-using-worlds-pinkest-pink-180961464/ 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_NzVmtbPOrM 3. https://www.surreynanosystems.com/about/vantablack 4. https://www.wired.com/story/vantablack-anish-kapoor-stuart-semple/ 5. https://news.mit.edu/2019/blackest-black-material-cnt-0913 6. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/mummy-art-painting-delacroix-pigment-ancient-Egypt 7. https://culturehustle.com/ 8. https://www.archpaper.com/2017/07/anish-kapoor-blackest-black/ 9. http://stuartsemple.com/about/ 10. https://www.livescience.com/32559-why-do-we-see-in-color.html 11. https://science.howstuffworks.com/vantablack.htm 12. https://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/06/garden/what-you-can-do-with-vantablack-the-darkest-material-ever-made.html
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Rita Levi-Montalcini is probably one of the greatest scientists you’ve never heard of. She created a lab in a spare room when Jews were banned from science in WWII, continued to work when she was 100 years old, and fought against fascism! Oh, and she knew a lot about nerves…
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References & Further Reading 1. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1986/levi-montalcini/facts/ 2. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rita-Levi-Montalcini 3. https://www.pnas.org/content/110/13/4873 4. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/finding-the-good-rita-levi-montalcini/ 5. https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/amp.theguardian.com/science/2012/dec/30/rita-levi-montalcini 6. https://www.nature.com/news/2009/090401/full/458564a.html 7. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/jez.1400680305 8. https://nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1952.tb26548.x
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What is at the centre of the planet? Surprisingly… We have a really good idea but we’re still not 100% sure. Turns out it’s pretty hard to get to.
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References & Further Reading 1. http://www.bbc.com/future/bespoke/story/20150306-journey-to-the-centre-of-earth/ 2. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190503-the-deepest-hole-we-have-ever-dug#:~:text=This%20is%20the%20Kola%20Superdeep,of%20souls%20tortured%20in%20hell. 3. http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150814-what-is-at-the-centre-of-earth 4. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19926751-800-unknown-earth-what-is-at-the-centre-of-the-earth/ 5. https://www.sciencefocus.com/planet-earth/what-is-at-earths-core/ 6. https://www.livescience.com/new-earth-layer-solid-inner-core.html#:~:text=The%20liquid%20outer%20core%20starts,and%20a%20bit%20of%20nickel 7. https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1029/2020JB020545 8. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/ask-smithsonian-whats-deepest-hole-ever-dug-180954349/ 9. https://www.ucl.ac.uk/EarthSci/people/lidunka/GEOL2014/Geophysics7%20-%20Deep%20Earth/Earth%20Structure.htm 10. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20190503-the-deepest-hole-we-have-ever-dug
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What happens when you cross a chimp with a man? Serious ethical concerns and an exile from the Soviet Union... Yes, someone actually tried to make a man-ape hybrid. It didn’t end well
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References & Further Reading
Hybrids
https://www.britannica.com/science/hybrid
https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/human-monkey-hybrid-china-organ-transplant-stem-cells-embryo-a9037506.html?amp
Humans and Chimps
https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12864-020-06962-8
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2464272/#!po=3.12500
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature04789#ref-CR33
https://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/permanent/human-origins/understanding-our-past/dna-comparing-humans-and-chimps
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC187548/
Ilya Ivanov & His Experiments
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg19926701-000-blasts-from-the-past-the-soviet-ape-man-scandal/
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/the-russian-government-once-funded-a-scientists-quest-to-make-an-ape-human-hybrid-5043859/
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Ilya-Ivanovich-Ivanov
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Wendy Lawrence may not have been the first lesbian in space, but she was at the centre of the first ever case of space fraud... or was she? There was a media frenzy around her alleged crime, but Wendy herself has a different story.
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References & Further Reading
Wendy Lawrence 1. https://medium.com/the-vintage-space/gay-astronauts-a-final-frontier-9892d0987fa0 2. https://www.nasa.gov/sites/default/files/thumbnails/image/nhq202001130001.jpg 3. https://www.nasa.gov/astronauts/biographies/anne-c-mcclain/biography/ 4. https://edition.cnn.com/2019/08/23/politics/nasa-astronaut-bank-account-first-criminal-allegation-space/index.html 5. https://www.armytimes.com/news/your-army/2020/04/07/army-astronaut-accused-of-committing-crime-in-space-is-cleared-ex-wife-charged-with-making-false-statements/ 6. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/23/us/astronaut-space-investigation.html 7. https://www.forbes.com/sites/daveywinder/2019/08/25/nasa-astronaut-accused-of-hacking-bank-account-from-space/amp/ 8. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/amp/world-49457912 9. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/06/us/space-crime-allegation-indictment.html 10. https://www.space.com/amp/nasa-astronaut-anne-mcclain-space-crime-claim.html
Space Law 1. https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/spacelaw/treaties.html 2. https://www.nasa.gov/centers/hq/library/find/bibliographies/space_law/ 3. http://www.esa.int/About_Us/ECSL_-_European_Centre_for_Space_Law/About_space_law 4. https://www.space.com/astronaut-anne-mcclain-refutes-space-crime-claim.html 5. https://www.unoosa.org/oosa/en/ourwork/spacelaw/index.html
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NoahFinnce joins us to celebrate our 2nd birthday! Our patrons have voted for gender as this month’s topic - we‘ll tell you how it works and how it doesn’t work...
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References & Further Reading
What is Gender 1. https://www.who.int/health-topics/gender#tab=tab_1
Biology of Gender 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6677266/ 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7139786/ 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7139786/ 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6939487/
Gender Studies 1. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/19419899.2020.1729844 2. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-76861-8_8 3. https://www.jahonline.org/article/S1054-139X(17)30356-7/fulltext 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466167/ 5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5845507/ 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7193756/ 7. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-92270-6_58 8. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Stephen-Ristvedt/publication/258523575_The_Evolution_of_Gender/links/5d2f1ff3a6fdcc2462e76926/The-Evolution-of-Gender.pdf
Gender Gap In STEM 1. https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.2004956 2. https://lukeholman.github.io/genderGap/ 3. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673618331350 4. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/feduc.2019.00060/full 5. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-05109-w 6. https://journals.plos.org/plosbiology/article?id=10.1371/journal.pbio.2004956 7. https://www.pnas.org/content/117/9/4609 8. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/368/6497/1317 9. https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02297805/
Social Constructs & Categories 1. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0956797618782181 2. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/BF02583913.pdf
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Are you left handed or right handed? This week we talk about the benefits (and drawbacks) of being a southpaw - and why we even have Handedness in the first place...
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References & Further Reading
Handedness 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3258574/ 2. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758/bf03337470.pdf 3. https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2016.1127 4. https://reader.elsevier.com/reader/sd/pii/B9780123851574004747?token=CAFE5C834602FE1A71A7FFB7ED77D96EA36F7B8B77F672CB614A08C764CFA5AF57851CCAD67BC439F9B58EC1B380D5F7
Origin of Handedness 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vb11oOHYNXM&t=396s 2. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-49579810#:~:text=Scientists%20have%20found%20the%20first,linked%20to%20being%20left%2Dhanded.&text=The%20team%20at%20the%20University,development%20and%20the%20dominant%20hand. 3. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-causes-some-people-t/ 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6441088/ 5. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20627581-600-southpaws-the-evolution-of-handedness/ 6. https://www.livescience.com/what-causes-left-handedness.html 7. https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/6/7/eaax9935 8. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-0-387-79061-9_1346 9. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780123750006001889 10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2831280/ 11. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0891422220301682
Forcing Right Handedness 1. https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdf/42827363.pdf?ab_segments=0%2Fbasic_search_gsv2%2Fcontrol&refreqid=fastly-default%3A4080085e7e4a69c992eac026fe022703 2. https://www.apa.org/monitor/2009/01/brain 3. https://www.nature.com/news/2007/070716/full/070716-4.html 4. https://www.jneurosci.org/content/30/9/3271
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This week we chat about Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), the commonly misunderstood condition that affects millions of people worldwide!
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References & Further Reading
What is OCD 1. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/conditions/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/overview/ 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7370844/ 3. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-when-unwanted-thoughts-take-over/20-mh-4676-ocd_150041.pdf 4. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0897190014521996 5. Psychopathology: Research Assessment and Treatment in Clinical Psychology - Graham Davey
Cause of OCD 1. https://www.cell.com/neuron/fulltext/S0896-6273(19)30073-X?_returnURL=https%3A%2F%2Flinkinghub.elsevier.com%2Fretrieve%2Fpii%2FS089662731930073X%3Fshowall%3Dtrue 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7886082/ 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4610610/
Treatment 1. https://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/72/1/80.long 2. https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/obsessive-compulsive-disorder-ocd/treatment-for-ocd/ 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5606297/ 4. https://www.nhs.uk/mental-health/talking-therapies-medicine-treatments/medicines-and-psychiatry/ssri-antidepressants/overview/#:~:text=It's%20thought%20to%20have%20a,messages%20between%20nearby%20nerve%20cells.
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This week Eleanor Neale joins us to chat about forensics, and why it might not be as good as you think...
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References & Further Reading
Basics of Forensics 1. https://www.britannica.com/science/forensic-science 2. https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=zIRQOssWbaoC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=history+of+forensic+science&ots=wJZ2sXZM1X&sig=ME5kNe5qa4mWvb0f2Xig_ikUP4c#v=onepage&q=history%20of%20forensic%20science&f=false 3. https://science.howstuffworks.com/forensic-lab-technique.htm 4. https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/what-is-forensic-science/amp/
History of Forensics 1. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4614-5690-2_462 2. https://www.crimemuseum.org/crime-library/forensic-investigation/origins-of-forensic-science/ 3. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/9783527827688.ch1 4. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326051477_History_of_Forensic_Science 5. https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-watch/wp/2015/04/21/a-brief-history-of-forensics/%3FoutputType%3Damp 6. https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-1-4614-5690-2_462.pdf
Problems with Forensics 1. https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0162243919899467 2. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20150512-can-we-trust-forensic-science 3. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/360/6386/243.summary 4. https://core.ac.uk/download/pdf/234561565.pdf 5. https://rss.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1740-9713.2019.01250.x 6. https://innocenceproject.org/overturning-wrongful-convictions-involving-flawed-forensics/ 7. https://www.britannica.com/technology/lie-detector 8. https://www.apa.org/research/action/polygraph#:~:text=The%20accuracy%20(i.e.%2C%20validity),person%20may%20be%20non%2Danxious
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Well it’s come to this, the climax of Sci Guys! NoahFinnce, the 4th Sci Guy, joins us this week to chat about orgasms... Thank you to our patrons for the topic.
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References & Further Reading
Orgasm Basics & Facts 1. https://www.britannica.com/science/orgasm 2. https://www.guinnessworldrecords.com/world-records/100659-longest-orgasm-in-mammals 3. https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn26772-female-ejaculation-comes-in-two-forms-scientists-find/ 4. https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/sex-pleasure-and-sexual-dysfunction/sex-and-pleasure/orgasms 5. https://www.sciencealert.com/here-s-what-happens-to-your-brain-when-you-orgasm
Female vs Male Orgasm 1. https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn17165-six-things-science-has-revealed-about-the-female-orgasm/ 2. https://www.apa.org/monitor/2011/04/orgasm 3. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/08/new-theory-suggests-female-orgasms-are-evolutionary-leftover 4. https://www.livescience.com/female-orgasm-mystery.html 5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5087698/ 6. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20150625-the-mystery-of-the-female-orgasm
Orgasms in Animals 1. https://www.sciencefocus.com/the-human-body/are-we-the-only-species-with-females-that-experience-orgasm/ 2. https://www.livescience.com/9631-animals-enjoy-sex.html 3. https://www.discovermagazine.com/planet-earth/yes-other-animals-do-have-sex-for-fun
Faking It, FDS, and Anorgasmia 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4816679/ 2. https://www.nhs.uk/common-health-questions/sexual-health/what-can-cause-orgasm-problems-in-women/
Orgasm Studies 1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28213723/ 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29082366/ 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2128033/pdf/9448525.pdf
Death by Orgasm 1. http://content.usatoday.com/communities/ondeadline/post/2012/06/cop-dies-during-3-way-sex-widow-wins-3-million/1#.YEo9RZP7S3I
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It’s our hundredth episode & we’re finally giving you all the info you need to live on Mars!
To celebrate 100 episodes we’re doing a MASSIVE giveaway! To enter just make sure you’re subscribed, like this video, and comment the first thing you’d do on Mars!
The Martian Garden: https://www.themartiangarden.com/pn-shop-main
Use code “PERSEVERANCE” for a 20% discount!
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References & Further Reading
Mars Info 1. https://mars.nasa.gov/all-about-mars/facts 2. https://mars.nasa.gov/all-about-mars/moons/summary/
Mars Missions 1. https://www.space.com/13558-historic-mars-missions.html 2. https://mars.nasa.gov/mars-exploration/missions/?page=0&per_page=99ℴ=date+desc&search= 3. https://www.space.com/china-mars-orbit-tianwen-1-spacecraft-video 4. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-56060890 5. https://www.planetary.org/space-missions/uae-hope
Terraforming Mars 1. https://www.businessinsider.com/infographic-first-steps-to-terraforming-mars-2017-10?r=US&IR=T 2. https://www.space.com/41318-we-cant-terraform-mars.html 3. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-018-0529-6.epdf 4. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20141030-five-steps-to-colonising-mars 5. https://www.livescience.com/56462-how-to-travel-to-mars.html
Growing Plants on Mars (and in Space) 1. https://youtu.be/rBPLgtfouIs 2. https://www.nasa.gov/feature/can-plants-grow-with-mars-soil 3. https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1029/98EO00309 4. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1023/B:ORIG.0000043129.68196.5f 5. https://ascelibrary.org/doi/abs/10.1061/40339(206)54 6. https://spinoff.nasa.gov/Spinoff2018/cg_4.html 7. https://www.themartiangarden.com 8. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/how-to-grow-vegetables-on-mars/ 9. https://eatlikeamartian.org/2019_NewSpace_MarsFood.pdf 10. https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2018AAS...23140106G/abstract
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Okay, hear us out... Jurassic Park, but with mammoths.
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References & Further Reading
DNA
- https://www.britannica.com/science/DNA
- https://royalsocietypublishing.org/doi/10.1098/rspb.2012.1745
- nature.com/news/dna-has-a-521-year-half-life-1.11555
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4031964/
The Mammoth Study 1. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03224-9 2. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2021/02/mammoth-molars-yield-oldest-dna-ever-sequenced?utm_campaign=NewsfromScience&utm_source=Contractor&utm_medium=Twitter
Some More on Mammoths 1. https://www.britannica.com/animal/mammoth-extinct-mammal 2. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2013/06/700000-year-old-horse-becomes-oldest-creature-sequenced-genome 3. https://advances.sciencemag.org/content/5/6/eaaw5873 4. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/03/oldest-dna-africa-offers-clues-mysterious-ancient-culture 5. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/03/last-lonely-woolly-mammoths-faced-genomic-meltdown 6. https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/last-mammoths.html 7. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/article/woolly-mammoth-evolution#:~:text=Modern%20elephants%20and%20woolly%20mammoths,years%20ago%2C%20the%20study%20reports.&text=Then%20just%20440%2C000%20years%20later,into%20their%20own%20separate%20species.
Mammoth Revival 1. https://www.dw.com/en/japanese-scientists-make-breakthrough-in-cloning-a-woolly-mammoth/a-48063060 2. https://www.livescience.com/64998-mammoth-cells-inserted-in-mouse-eggs.html 3. https://www.livescience.com/23861-fossil-dna-half-life.html 4. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/woolly-mammoths-extinction-cloning-genetics
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Magic might actually be real according to science... No really!
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References & Further Reading
What are Witchcraft & Wicca 1. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Wicca 2. https://www.britannica.com/topic/witchcraft/Contemporary-witchcraft 3. https://www.history.com/topics/religion/wicca 4. https://www.livescience.com/amp/39119-myths-about-witches-wiccans.html 5. http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/paganism/subdivisions/wicca.shtml 6. https://wiccaliving.com/beginners-guide-wicca-magic/ 7. https://www.vice.com/en/article/a38ekg/i-tried-wiccan-spells-on-myself-for-a-month 8. https://www.theguardian.com/theguardian/2000/oct/28/weekend7.weekend3
Wicca/Witchcraft & Science 1. https://www.independent.co.uk/independentpremium/long-reads/witchcraft-wicca-rise-anti-science-halloween-b1421710.html 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3560124/
Optimism Bias & Attention Bias 1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982211011912 2. https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/optimism-bias/ 3. https://web.archive.org/web/20111125061440/http://www.psych.ufl.edu/~shepperd/articles/PsychBelgica2002.pdf 4. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/09654280110402080/full/html 5. http://www.crossingdialogues.com/Ms-A14-09.pdf 6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S027273581000019X 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4161121/ 8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28780313/ 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6369522/ 10. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:eae25fc5-1644-44f6-8f3c-8f25e5707d22/download_file?file_format=pdf&safe_filename=THESIS01&type_of_work=Thesis 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2901130/ 12. https://thedecisionlab.com/biases/attentional-bias/
Placebo Effect 1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24909245/ 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26272535/ 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6013051/
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It’s LGBT+ history month in the U.K - a perfect time to talk about the first gay astronaut, Dr Sally Ride!
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References & Further Reading
The Life of Sally Ride 1. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/24/science/space/sally-ride-trailblazing-astronaut-dies-at-61.html 2. https://www.biography.com/astronaut/sally-ride 3. https://www.womenshistory.org/education-resources/biographies/sally-ride 4. https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/5-8/features/nasa-knows/who-was-sally-ride-58.html 5. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Sally-Ride 6. https://www.space.com/16756-sally-ride-biography.html 7. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/history/article/sally-ride-blazed-trail-women-astronauts 8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jwu-zSdNiLI&feature=share 9. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RD6vzRd0rhY&feature=share
Video Interviews 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yb6vw9AmiLs&feature=share 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KRo2_HqZ3HQ&feature=share 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0Z7PWRZHEnA&feature=share
Astronaut Requirements 1. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/do-you-have-what-it-takes-to-be-an-astronaut/
Is lab grown meat really the future of animal products? Is it actually even vegan? This week Vegard joins us to chat about cultured meat & veganism...
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References & Further Reading
What is Meat? 1. https://www.britannica.com/topic/meat 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6689198/ 3. https://econtent.hogrefe.com/doi/pdf/10.1024/0300-9831/a000224 4. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S019566631930724X?via%3Dihub 5. https://www.greenpeace.org.uk/news/why-meat-is-bad-for-the-environment/
Mycoprotein & Meat Substitutes 1. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/biochemistry-genetics-and-molecular-biology/mycoprotein
Intro to Cultured Meat 1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31441608/ 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7162467/ 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7722853/ 4. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/343407455_Culture_meat_and_cultured_meat 5. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/336309485_TRENDS_IN_CULTURED_MEAT 6. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/lab-grown-meat/ 7. https://www.newscientist.com/term/lab-grown-meat/
Benefits & Drawbacks of Cultured Meat 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6322360/ 2. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342318440_Progress_and_Challenges_in_Cultured_Meat 3. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fnut.2020.00007/full?utm_campaign=Deep%20thoughts&utm_source=hs_email&utm_medium=email&_hsenc=p2ANqtz-_PwgSHbogOycilJfBWU45yAEb3o32nJ2D_Oj47k7H3BlroY9Xv47pBPBiNivvyCb84k9Vp
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Guy Larsen joins us this week to eat lemons, chat about netball, and discuss the science of taste!
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK279408/ 2. https://health.howstuffworks.com/mental-health/human-nature/perception/taste.htm 3. https://people.howstuffworks.com/flavor-tripping.htm 4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26162535/ 5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25314134/ 6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Synsepalum+dulcificum&filter=simsearch2.ffrft 7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27129026/ 8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23886383/ 9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29950553/ 10. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31362499/ 11. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30654496/ 12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30895915/ 13. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29729324/ 14. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=taste%20receptor&filter=simsearch2.ffrft 15. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27174610/ 16. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30484669/ 17. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31836661/ 18. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28327968/ 19. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31480669/ 20. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31310579/ 21. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30475657/ 22. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31140574/ 23. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21885776/ 24. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32541708/ 25. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16213813/ 26. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31509575/ 27. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24362474/ 28. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28792937/ 29. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25662267/ 30. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20696704/ 31. https://arxiv.org/abs/1209.2096 32. https://www.colgate.com/en-us/oral-health/brushing-and-flossing/orange-juice-and-toothpaste-why-they-dont-mix 33. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/zdcgpg8 34. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-sciences/miraculin 35. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2922655/ 36. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4435577/ 37. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5805144/
Have you ever remembered something that didn’t happen? Turns out false memories are actually pretty common, in fact they’re the reason that so many people believe that Nelson Mandela died in prison...
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References:
Memory Basics
- https://snl.salk.edu/~eagleman/papers/EaglemanMontagueModelsofLM.pdf
- https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/inside-the-mind/human-brain/human-memory1.htm
- https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/05/160517131928.htm
False Memories Basics & Seminal Papers
- https://www.businessinsider.com/science-of-false-memories-2017-12?r=US&IR=T
- https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2776349
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7319895/
- https://webs.wofford.edu/steinmetzkr/Teaching/Psy150/Lecture%20PDFs/Roediger.pdf
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30550338/
- https://www.healio.com/psychiatry/journals/psycann/1995-12-25-12/%7B2060e727-5296-43bd-8580-55b09b96f074%7D/the-formation-of-false-memories#divReadThis
- https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/2167702617724424
- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/279598056_Tricks_of_Memory
- https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227673242_False_memories_What_the_hell_are_they_for
- https://www.gold.ac.uk/media/documents-by-section/departments/research-centres-and-units/research-units/anomalistic-psychology-research/2003-french-fantastic.pdf
- https://staff.washington.edu/eloftus/Articles/sciam.htm
- https://web.archive.org/web/20100619082741/http://www.psych.umn.edu/courses/fall07/brunnquelld/psy8542/Session%2015/Loftus%20-Lost%20in%20the%20Mall%20-%20Misrepresentations%20and%20misubders.pdf
- https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797614562862#aff-2
High Risk Demographics & Potential Consequences
- https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797614534694
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6892757/
- https://cognitiveresearchjournal.springeropen.com/articles/10.1186/s41235-020-00262-1
- https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/acp.2350090302
- https://srcd.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-8624.00064
- https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=824601
Further Reading & Interesting Papers
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6749930/
- https://indiarxiv.org/gjtfk/\
- Incognito - David Eagleman
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The Spanish Flu was the worst pandemic of the 20th century, but it took us a decade to figure out what was causing it. This week we cover a little bit of the Spanish Flu and a lot of the man that discovered the culprit. Spoiler, it probably wasn’t Spain...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1951634/?page=1 2. http://centennial.rucares.org/index.php?page=Influenza 3. http://www.nasonline.org/publications/biographical-memoirs/memoir-pdfs/shope-richard.pdf 4. https://digitalcommons.rockefeller.edu/harvey-lectures/21/ 5. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/influenza-(seasonal) 6. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-pandemic-h1n1.html 7. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/pandemic-resources/1918-commemoration/1918-pandemic-history.htm 8. https://www.history.com/.amp/topics/world-war-i/1918-flu-pandemic 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2118275/ 10. https://www.google.com/amp/s/www.livescience.com/amp/spanish-flu.html 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2720273/ 12. https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/flu3.htm
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Ever wake up unable to move and get the feeling that there’s a demon standing in the corner of your room? You might have experienced sleep paralysis! Join us as we look at what causes it, how can we stop it, and why it usually feels like there’s someone watching you...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5329044/?report=reader 2. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Understanding-Sleep 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK562322/#!po=10.7143 4. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/narcolepsy/ 5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32965993/ 6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28735779/ 7. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sleep-paralysis/
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Happy New Year! To celebrate we talk about how the world almost ended at the turn of the millennium. Was it all a hoax or did we narrowly avoid a digital apocalypse?
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References and Further Reading 1. https://youtu.be/BGrKKrsIpQw 2. https://youtu.be/MVI87HzfskQ 3. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/technology-45083650 4. https://www.britannica.com/technology/Y2K-bug 5. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/Y2K-bug/ 6. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2019/dec/31/millennium-bug-face-fears-y2k-it-systems 7. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1999/03/07/big-glitch-at-nuclear-plant-shows-perils-of-y2k-tests/a148232f-5760-403c-bc14-b00382b6852d/ 8. https://www.newscientist.com/article/2229238-a-lazy-fix-20-years-ago-means-the-y2k-bug-is-taking-down-computers-now/ 9. https://time.com/5752129/y2k-bug-history/ 10. news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/590932.stm 11. https://www.wired.com/2000/02/leap-day-tuesday-last-y2k-worry/ 12. news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/582007.stm 13. https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b00mz53r 14. https://www.theguardian.com/uk/2001/sep/14/martinwainwright 15. https://nypost.com/2019/04/10/nyc-wireless-network-down-due-to-y2k-like-software-bug/ 16. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-30576670 17. https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A4138-2004Jun24.html 18. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0268401298000437 19. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-30576670 20. https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~rja14/Papers/y2k.html 21. https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2019/12/30/lessons-yk-years-later/ 22. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-are-the-main-problem/ 23. https://computer.howstuffworks.com/y2k.htm 24. https://www.britannica.com/topic/EBCDIC 25. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/guides/zjfgjxs/revision/3
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Join us, The Sci Guys, as we take a journey through time and relive our favourite moments from the last year!
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It’s that time of the month… another Patreon Vote episode! Bliss joins us as we dive into the science of periods and ask how they work, and why so few animals get them.
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References and Further Reading 1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28271702/ 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25408753/ 3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29530426/ 4. https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2016/05/06/how-and-why-did-women-evolve-periods/?sh=41f5d07057a3 5. http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150420-why-do-women-have-periods 6. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3035646?seq=1 7. https://www.britannica.com/science/menstruation/Hormonal-control-of-menstrual-cycle 8. https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/health-and-wellness/menstruation 9. https://www.britannica.com/science/menstruation/Normal-menstruation 10. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/toxic-shock-syndrome/ 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459345/ 12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25899177/ 13. https://www.discoverwildlife.com/animal-facts/do-any-non-human-animals-menstruate/ 14. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/period-pain/ 15. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/periods/period-problems/ 16. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28271702/ 17. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25408753/ 18. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29530426/ 19. https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2016/05/06/how-and-why-did-women-evolve-periods/?sh=41f5d07057a3 20. http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150420-why-do-women-have-periods 21. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3035646?seq=1 22. https://www.britannica.com/science/menstruation/Hormonal-control-of-menstrual-cycle 23. https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/health-and-wellness/menstruation 24. https://www.britannica.com/science/menstruation/Normal-menstruation 25. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/toxic-shock-syndrome/ 26. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459345/ 27. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25899177/ 28. https://www.discoverwildlife.com/animal-facts/do-any-non-human-animals-menstruate/ 29. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/period-pain/ 30. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/periods/period-problems/
A special thank you to Ashley Mulle, our new Executive Producer!
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Are influencers your friends? Some people feel like they might be, and that’s exactly what we’re talking about this week with Shaaba, an actual scientist studying parasocial relationships!
Find Shaaba over on her channel:
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SCI GUYS 2021 CALENDAR: https://normalcitizen.store/products/the-sci-guys-official-calendar-2021
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.journals.uchicago.edu/doi/10.1086/222304 2. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08838158709386664 3. https://academic.oup.com/joc/article-abstract/61/6/1104/4098489?redirectedFrom=fulltext 4. https://www.tutor2u.net/psychology/topics/levels-of-parasocial-relationships 5. https://www.tutor2u.net/psychology/reference/relationships-parasocial-relationships 6. https://www.acrwebsite.org/volumes/9073 7. https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=yP0C_1SoK8cC&oi=fnd&pg=PT400&dq=levels+of+parasocial+relationships&ots=XVztS047T6&sig=Hboh8hw6dR8y2hOAisxw2G-Kcy8#v=onepage&q=levels%20of%20parasocial%20relationships&f=false 8. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/David_Giles4/publication/263088893_Parasocial_relationships/links/00b7d539db16e6dcb5000000/Parasocial-relationships.pdf?origin=publication_detail 9. https://thejsms.org/tsmri/index.php/TSMRI/article/download/364/167&sa=U&ved=2ahUKEwidoIKt-MfnAhWBK80KHdeeAXoQFjAdegQIARAB&usg=AOvVaw2y9r16gxIWYuwi5LiX2ymm 10. https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2014-07390-009 11. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nicole_Liebers/publication/333748971_Parasocial_Interactions_and_Relationships_with_Media_Characters_-_An_Inventory_of_60_Years_of_Research/links/5d25ae8b92851cf44074e830/Parasocial-Interactions-and-Relationships-with-Media-Characters-An-Inventory-of-60-Years-of-Research.pdf?origin=publication_detail 12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28280479/ 13. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-internet-and-social-life.-Bargh-McKenna/4c9b69c992700cf963682c42a207457647f98012 14. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Why-We-Follow%3A-An-Examination-of-Parasocial-and-Fan-Frederick-Lim/d3fa7b64d6c50ef656d27b45fd9d71a2ac109ce5 15. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/horton-and-wohl-revisited-exploring-viewers-experience-of-parasoc 16. https://research.vu.nl/en/publications/parasocial-interaction-and-parasocial-relationship-conceptual-cla 17. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00332747.1956.11023049 18. https://ink.library.smu.edu.sg/lkcsb_research_all/7/ 19. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119011071.iemp0176 20. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/article/parasocial-relationships/ 21. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0747563215000928 22. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100305809 23. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1985.tb00071.x 24. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1985.tb00071.x 25. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/309186785_Celebrity-Persona_Parasocial_Interaction_Scale 26. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/273792904_Parasocial_Interaction_and_Parasocial_Relationship_Conceptual_Clarification_and_a_Critical_Assessment_of_Measures 27. https://www.participations.org/volume%203/issue%201/3_01_hortonwohl.htm 28. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00332747.1956.11023049 29. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Nicole_Liebers/publication/333748971_Parasocial_Interactions_and_Relationships_with_Media_Characters_-_An_Inventory_of_60_Years_of_Research/links/5d25ae8b92851cf44074e830/Parasocial-Interactions-and-Relationships-with-Media-Characters-An-Inventory-of-60-Years-of-Research.pdf?origin=publication_detail 30. https://www.oxfordreference.com/view/10.1093/oi/authority.20110803100305809
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Microwaves are a wonderful convenience of modern life, but how were they invented? Are they dangerous? Do they make food less healthy? We’ve got all the answers and a lot of nonsense in this week’s episode!
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.cdc.gov/biomonitoring/Phthalates_FactSheet.html 2. https://www.businessinsider.com/how-the-microwave-oven-was-invented-by-accident-2015-4?r=US&IR=T 3. https://www.livescience.com/57405-who-invented-microwave-oven.html 4. https://www.atomicheritage.org/profile/percy-spencer 5. https://www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/201510/physicshistory.cfm 6. https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20200714-is-it-safe-to-microwave-food 7. https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/microwave-cooking-and-nutrition 8. https://www.fda.gov/radiation-emitting-products/resources-you-radiation-emitting-products/microwave-oven-radiation#:~:text=Microwaves%20are%20produced%20inside%20the,heat%20that%20cooks%20the%20food. 9. https://www.britannica.com/story/how-do-microwaves-work 10. https://home.howstuffworks.com/microwave.htm 11. https://academicjournals.org/journal/AJMR/article-abstract/9C02A4720258 12. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/j.1741-2358.2010.00442.x 13. https://www.livescience.com/38169-electromagnetism.html 14. https://www.invent.org/inductees/percy-l-spencer 15. https://engineering.mit.edu/engage/ask-an-engineer/why-cant-we-put-metal-objects-in-a-microwave/ 16. https://www.wired.com/2014/05/wuwt-microwave-metal/ 17. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22949852/ 18. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27424259/ 19. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27822670/
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Ever wondered what goes into a vaccine? How it’s tested? Why it takes up to 15 years to get one off the shelves and into the people that need it? We’re here with all the answers you could possible need, and some you definitely don’t...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.britannica.com/science/antigen 2. https://www.britannica.com/science/antibody 3. https://www.britannica.com/science/T-cell 4. https://www.britannica.com/science/B-cell
britannica.com/science/immune-system/The-nature-of-lymphocytes 5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6102609/ 6. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9781455700905000185 7. https://www.niaid.nih.gov/news-events/mosquito-borne-disease-vaccine-safe 8. https://www.cdc.gov/flu/prevent/how-fluvaccine-made.htm 9. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/parents/why-vaccinate/vaccine-decision.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fvaccines%2Fparents%2Fvaccine-decision%2Findex.html 10. https://www.immunology.org/celebrate-vaccines/public-engagement/guide-childhood-vaccinations/how-vaccines-work 11. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/basics/test-approve.html 12. https://www.who.int/influenza/resources/publications/WHO_OHE_PED_GIP_2016_1_Annex_2.pdf?ua=1 13. http://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/vaccine-development# 14. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/research/coronavirus-vaccine-research/ 15. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6156540/ 16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4944327/ 17. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/medicine-and-dentistry/vaccine-development 18. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5792371/ 19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6238075/ 20. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5906799/
cdc.gov/vaccines/pubs/pinkbook/downloads/prinvac.pdf 21. https://www.niaid.nih.gov/research/vaccine-types
who.int/vaccine_safety/initiative/tech_support/Part-2.pdf 22. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/vaccinations/why-vaccination-is-safe-and-important/ 23. https://www.who.int/health-topics/vaccines-and-immunization#tab=tab_1 24. https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/vaccines-and-immunization-what-is-vaccination 25. http://vk.ovg.ox.ac.uk/vk/how-do-vaccines-work 26. https://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/health/conditions-and-diseases/the-immune-system#:~:text=The%20immune%20system%20protects%20your,which%20you%20are%20born%20with. 27. https://www.niaid.nih.gov/news-events/mosquito-borne-disease-vaccine-safe 28. https://www.pfizer.co.uk/behind-science-what-mrna-vaccine 29. https://www.nature.com/articles/nrd.2017.243 30. https://www.historyofvaccines.org/index.php/content/articles/vaccine-development-testing-and-regulation 31. https://www.bbc.co.uk/bitesize/articles/znf3c7h 32. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164579/ 33. https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/529892/how-are-vaccines-made
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Ever wish you could understand what your pets are saying? DeepSqueak is bringing us one step closer to that... with rats and mice...
We also have a very special guest featured this week...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=25LYVxTUZhM 2. https://www.wildmountainechoes.com/equipment/options-for-recording-ultrasounds/ 3. https://www.cam.ac.uk/research/research-at-cambridge/animal-research/about-our-animal-research/which-types-of-animals-do-we-use/rats 4. https://www.britannica.com/technology/neural-network 5. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41386-018-0303-6#Sec1 6. https://github.com/DrCoffey/DeepSqueak 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5040720/#:~:text=Rats%20emit%20ultrasonic%20vocalizations%20of,role%20is%20not%20fully%20understood. 8. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-46907-0
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This episode will definitely change your life!*
NoahFinnce joins us this week as we delve into the multiverse and discover the weird science behind the Many Worlds Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics...
*Just maybe not in this universe.
CONTENT WARNING - S*icide mention between 52:30 and 56:58.
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References and Further Reading 1. Quantum Mechanics: A Complete Introduction - Dr Alexander Zagoskin 2. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kxvQ3Wyw2M4 3. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Da-2h2B4faU 4. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kTXTPe3wahc 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kF6USB2I1iU 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Be3HlA_9968 7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igsuIuI_HAQ 8. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KNwKPfOKipk 9. https://arxiv.org/pdf/0811.0810.pdf 10. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1104.2822.pdf 11. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1001.2758.pdf 12. https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/science-questions/quantum-suicide4.htm#:~:text=The%20Copenhagen%20interpretation%20was%20first,its%20possible%20states%20at%20once. 13. https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2018/02/07/the-biggest-myth-in-quantum-physics/ 14. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg21028154-200-when-the-multiverse-and-many-worlds-collide/ 15. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/hugh-everett-biography/ 16. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02602-8 17. https://www.quantamagazine.org/why-the-many-worlds-interpretation-of-quantum-mechanics-has-many-problems-20181018/ 18. https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qm-manyworlds/ 19. https://www.britannica.com/science/anthropic-principle 20. https://www.britannica.com/science/cosmological-constant 21. https://www.britannica.com/science/multiverse 22. https://phys.org/news/2018-05-death-hawking-multiverse-theory-size.html 23. https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/cross-check/multiverse-theories-are-bad-for-science/ 24. https://www.newscientist.com/question/are-there-multiple-universes/ 25. https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2019/03/15/this-is-why-the-multiverse-must-exist/ 26. https://www.britannica.com/science/quantum-mechanics-physics/Paradox-of-Einstein-Podolsky-and-Rosen#ref611919 27. https://www.britannica.com/topic/philosophy-of-physics/The-theory-of-Bohm#ref1051265 28. https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/science-questions/quantum-suicide4.htm 29. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02602-8
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Is Stockholm Syndrome real? The answer may not be as simple as you think, in fact it could even be an invention of the media...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-22447726 2. https://www.businessinsider.com/stockholm-syndrome-could-be-a-myth-2013-10?amp&r=US&IR=T 3. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16203697/ 4. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J070v14n03_06 5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18028254/ 6. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1600-0447.2007.01112.x 7. https://www.britannica.com/science/Stockholm-syndrome 8. https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/fbileb76÷=69&id=&page= 9. https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/fbileb68÷=54&id=&page= 10. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1300/J173v04n01_02
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This week we chat about the genetic revolution and the ethics of editing human DNA...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.britannica.com/science/DNA 2. https://www.britannica.com/science/gene 3. https://www.britannica.com/science/gene-editing#ref1272858 4. https://www.livescience.com/amp/58790-crispr-explained.html 5. https://www.newscientist.com/term/what-is-crispr/ 6. https://www.britannica.com/science/gene-editing 7. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03018-0 8. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/despite-controversy-human-studies-of-crispr-move-forward-in-the-u-s/#:~:text=Despite%20Controversy%2C%20Human%20Studies%20of%20CRISPR%20Move%20Forward%20in%20the%20U.S.,-The%20technology%20that&text=Researchers%20in%20the%20U.S.%20have,trials%20of%20CRISPR%20in%20humans. 9. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/mar/04/doctors-use-gene-editing-tool-crispr-inside-body-for-first-time 10. https://www.newscientist.com/article/2208777-exclusive-five-couples-lined-up-for-crispr-babies-to-avoid-deafness/ 11. https://www.cff.org/Research/Research-Into-the-Disease/Restore-CFTR-Function/Gene-Editing-for-Cystic-Fibrosis/ 12. https://www.cff.org/Research/Research-Into-the-Disease/Restore-CFTR-Function/Gene-Delivery-for-Cystic-Fibrosis-Therapy/ 13. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-020-01906-4 14. https://www.sciencemag.org/features/2019/09/beyond-crispr-what-s-current-and-upcoming-genome-editing 15. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4YKFw2KZA5o
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This week Kim joins us as we give you the A to Z on ADHD...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/treatment/ 2. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder-adhd/causes/ 3. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/facts.html 4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/?term=Cause+of+adhd 5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24259638/ 6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27189265/ 7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30301823/ 8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28091799/ 9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22963644/ 10. Psychobiology - Chris Chandler
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There was a curious disease found in New Guinea, that caused a very odd pattern of deaths. The reason for the outbreak turned out to be very simple, but you won’t believe it...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6466359/ 2. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/all-disorders/kuru-information-page 3. https://text.npr.org/s.php?sId=482952588 4. https://www.cdc.gov/prions/index.html 5. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/creutzfeldt-jakob-disease-cjd/ 6. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-a-prion-specifica/ 7. https://www.cdc.gov/prions/bse/index.html 8. https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/animal-health-literacy/all-about-bse-mad-cow-disease 9. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/0-387-21755-X_3 10. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20948292/ 11. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25131595/ 12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24189576/ 13. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28109329/ 14. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/18558863/ 15. https://people.howstuffworks.com/cannibalism8.htm 16. https://www.businessinsider.com/why-self-cannibalism-is-bad-idea-2018-5?amp&r=US&IR=T 17. https://www.nature.com/articles/srep44707/tables/2 18. https://www.wired.co.uk/article/lab-grown-human-meat-cannibalism 19. https://api.nationalgeographic.com/distribution/public/amp/news/2017/02/cannibalism-common-natural-history-bill-schutt
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Can’t stand the sound of people eating? You’re not alone... You might even have a medical condition!
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hyperacusis/ 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5562945/#!po=0.793651 3. https://misophoniatreatment.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/A-MISO-S.pdf 4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31066600/ 5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6034066/#!po=7.89474 6. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0054706 7. https://www.improbable.com/ig-about/winners/ 8. https://www.improbable.com/ig-about/winners/ 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4547634/#!po=1.21951 10. http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.1067.3711&rep=rep1&type=pdf 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6034066/#!po=7.89474 12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33005154/ 13. https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0054706
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This week Evan Edinger joins us to talk about game shows, A Beautiful Mind, and schizophrenia...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/www.livescience.com/amp/38936-mathematics.html 2. https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/amp.ft.com/content/f1ec9a54-a35f-11e2-ac00-00144feabdc0 3. http://euclid.trentu.ca/math/sb/misc/mathsci.html 4. https://www.investopedia.com/terms/n/nash-equilibrium.asp 5. https://www.britannica.com/science/game-theory 6. https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/economic-sciences/1994/nash/facts/ 7. http://livingwithschizophreniauk.org/john-nash/ 8. https://www.britannica.com/biography/John-Nash
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Our Patrons chose Mass Hysteria as the episode topic this week, so we’re talking about The Dancing Plague! In 1518 a French town was overcome with a contagious conclusion to dance til they dropped...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3536509/ 2. https://www.mcgill.ca/oss/article/history-quackery/history-hysteria 3. https://www.health.harvard.edu/newsletter_article/The_nocebo_response 4. https://www.health.harvard.edu/mental-health/the-power-of-the-placebo-effect 5. https://www.britannica.com/science/psychosomatic-disorder 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3480686/ 7. https://www.history.com/news/what-was-the-dancing-plague-of-1518 8. https://www.britannica.com/event/dancing-plague-of-1518 9. https://journals.lww.com/epidem/FullText/2010/09000/Frequency_and_Predictors_of_Mass_Psychogenic.31.aspx
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This week, Bliss joins us talk about sexy no kid, otherwise known as “the pill”. How was it invented? Who was behind it? How was Eugenics involved?
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/contraception/combined-contraceptive-pill/ 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4462239/ 3. https://www.thecrimson.com/article/2017/9/28/the-bitter-pill/
T-to-test-the-birth-control-pill/ 4. https://www.history.com/news/birth-control-pill-history-puerto-rico-enovid/ 5. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/pill-puerto-rico-pill-trials/ 6. https://pdf.usaid.gov/pdf_docs/PNAAV359.pdf
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Did the CIA spike a French Town? Or was it a case of contaminated bread? We might never know, but we do know that whatever happened resulted in a truly psychedelic disaster...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.britannica.com/science/ergot 2. http://www.botany.hawaii.edu/faculty/wong/BOT135/LECT12.HTM 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6640538/ 4. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/pharmacology-toxicology-and-pharmaceutical-science/ergotism 5. https://www.britannica.com/science/ergotism 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2069953/ 7. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-10996838 8. https://www.nytimes.com/2008/07/24/arts/24iht-blume.1.14718462.html 9. https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/558020/pont-saint-esprit-france-1951-bread-poisoning-mass-hallucinations
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This week Luke takes over to give us the lowdown on Elon Musk’s new venture that will hopefully link your mind to almost any kind of tech you could want! Are these brain chips dangerous? Can they meet the expectations Elon has set? Find out in this week’s episode on Neuralink!
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References and Further Reading 1. http://neurosky.com/2015/06/what-is-bci-and-how-did-it-evolve/ 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2920041/ 3. https://abcnews.go.com/Health/elon-musk-unveils-brain-chip-implant-fitbit-skull/story?id=72703840 4. https://www.jmir.org/2019/10/e16194/ 5. https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/16/technology/neuralink-elon-musk.html 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Gqdo57uky4o 7. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iOWFXqT5MZ4 8. https://www.businessinsider.com/we-spoke-to-2-neuroscientists-about-how-exciting-elon-musks-neuralink-really-is-2019-9?r=US&IR=T 9. https://www.medicaldevice-network.com/features/neuralink-fact-fiction/ 10. http://neurosky.com/2015/06/what-is-bci-and-how-did-it-evolve/
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Ever heard of Alice Ball? No? There’s a pretty awful reason why you haven’t... This week’s episode has all the answers you need to one of the most scandalous stories you’ve never heard
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References and Further Reading 1. https://scientificwomen.net/women/ball-alice-121 2. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24732910-900-alice-ball-pioneered-leprosy-treatment-and-then-had-her-work-stolen/ 3. https://oumnh.ox.ac.uk/alice-ball 4. https://www.biography.com/.amp/scientist/alice-ball 5. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/leprosy 6. https://www.lepra.org.uk/what-we-do/leprosy 7. https://www.cdc.gov/leprosy/treatment/index.html
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This week our patrons chose Bipolar Disorder as the topic for us to tackle! We ask some big questions and dispel some misconceptions as we get into the science of bipolar disorder.
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/bipolar-disorder 2. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/bipolar-disorder/causes/ 3. https://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/bipolar-disorder/index.shtml 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1525098/ 5. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40268-016-0139-7 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2800957/ 7. https://www.dana.org/article/neurotransmitters/ 8. https://qbi.uq.edu.au/brain/brain-physiology/what-are-neurotransmitters 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC383340/ 10. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1525098/
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Finding fossils frequently for financial funding was Mary Anning’s sole source of income for most of her life, but she didn’t just find and sell fossils - she was one of the most accomplished palaeontologists of her time. Unfortunately she was also a woman, more specifically a woman from a lower class background, which meant that she did not receive the formal recognition she deserved in her lifetime.
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.famousscientists.org/mary-anning/ 2. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mary-Anning 3. https://www.lymeregismuseum.co.uk/collection/mary-anning/ 4. https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/mary-anning-unsung-hero.html 5. https://ucmp.berkeley.edu/history/anning.html 6. https://www.scholastic.com/teachers/articles/teaching-content/when-was-first-dinosaur-discovered/ 7. http://www.wondersandmarvels.com/2016/09/ancient-egyptians-collected-fossils.html 8. https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/evolution/question609.htm
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It’s episode 69, you know what that means... This week we’re talking about the science of sex! Absolutely everything you need to know about the birds and the bees (including why you really shouldn’t look to them for advice)
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References and Further Reading 1. http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20160704-the-real-reasons-why-we-have-sex 2. https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/sexual-reproduction-and-the-evolution-of-sex-824/ 3. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF01601983 4. https://biologydictionary.net/sexual-reproduction/ 5. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/sexual-reproduction/ 6. https://www.britannica.com/science/ovoviviparity 7. https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/genetic-mechanisms-of-sex-determination-314/ 8. https://www.genome.gov/about-genomics/fact-sheets/Chromosomes-Fact-Sheet 9. https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/sexual-reproduction/ 10. https://www.britannica.com/science/sex 11. https://www.livescience.com/52489-meiosis.html 12. https://www.khanacademy.org/science/biology/cellular-molecular-biology/meiosis/a/phases-of-meiosis 13. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3164815/ 14. https://www.nature.com/articles/166820a0
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Tourette’s syndrome isn’t one of the most well known neurological disorders, and yet it is also one of the most misunderstood. This week we dive into the science behind Tourette’s , and bust all of the myths and misconceptions you might have heard...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Tourette-Syndrome-Fact-Sheet 2. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/tourettes-syndrome/ 3. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/facts.html 4. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/diagnosis.html 5. https://www.gosh.nhs.uk/conditions-and-treatments/conditions-we-treat/tourette-syndrome 6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28722101/ 7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28046197/ 8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25604739/ 9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28807495/ 10. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/data.html 11. https://www.tourettes-action.org.uk/70-medication.html 12. https://www.tourettes-action.org.uk/21-causes-of-ts.html 13. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/tourette/riskfactors.html 14. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4971013/ 15. https://www.columbianeurology.org/neurology/staywell/document.php?id=36845 16. https://n.neurology.org/content/87/7/e65 17. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25392196/ 18. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4306818/#!po=5.35714 19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3201847/
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Can you see sounds? Smell letters? Feel colours? Synesthesia is a condition that links people’s senses, so some people in the word can actually do this! We discuss the science behind this (not so) super power...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3222625/ 2. https://www.livescience.com/amp/60707-what-is-synesthesia.html 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3222625/ 4. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22521474/ 5. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25704836/ 6. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30639511/ 7. https://www.apa.org/monitor/mar01/synesthesia 8. https://faculty.washington.edu/chudler/syne.html 9. https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=mLTcmQ6q8N4C&oi=fnd&pg=PA193&dq=synesthesia&ots=OJfyHDr4X8&sig=CmEj_UTFrQxV8b-G0Z7qztl69yQ&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=synesthesia&f=false 10. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627305008354 11. https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=fl6wX4xzb_kC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=synesthesia&ots=ij8szIR8qx&sig=OALdWaszN2KSCwgXZ4Yut4cN4Lk&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=synesthesia&f=false 12. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22747246/ 13. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29188078/ 14. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25545055/ 15. https://www.livescience.com/60707-what-is-synesthesia.html 16. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/what-is-synesthesia/ 17. https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/basics/synesthesia 18. https://www.britannica.com/science/synesthesia
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I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream - but have you ever wondered what makes ice cream ice cream? We’re here to answer all of the questions you might have on everyone’s favourite dessert
Matt’s channel:
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Will It Soft Serve?
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References and Further Reading 1. http://www.todayifoundout.com/index.php/2013/06/the-history-of-ice-cream/ 2. https://www.icecreamnation.org/ancient-china/ 3. https://www.idfa.org/the-history-of-ice-cream 4. https://home.howstuffworks.com/freezer3.htm 5. https://www.stem.org.uk/news-and-views/opinions/science-icecream 6. https://www.stem.org.uk/elibrary/resource/34520 7. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29291835/ 8. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20988886/ 9. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30447975/ 10. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28071014/ 11. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31423589/ 12. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022030204731355 13. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0749379706001796 14. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0963996909000908 15. https://medium.com/show-some-stempathy/the-science-behind-ice-cream-61436b592a37 16. https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/resources/highschool/chemmatters/past-issues/archive-2013-2014/ice-cream-chemistry.html
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Sexism in STEM is certainly a problem, this week we talk about a disastrous outcome of this bias. The Thalidomide scandal is an example of the dangers of poor testing and sheer recklessness.
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.sciencemuseum.org.uk/objects-and-stories/medicine/thalidomide 2. https://www.thalidomidetrust.org/about-us/about-thalidomide/ 3. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/cancer/in-depth/thalidomide/art-20046534 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/journals/ 5. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-15536544 6. https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Organic_Chemistry/Supplemental_Modules_(Organic_Chemistry)/Chirality/Chirality_and_Stereoisomers 7. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/journal/1520636x 8. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2016/02/160208124237.htm 9. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-35457-6 10. https://academic.oup.com/toxsci/article/110/1/4/1668162 11. https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/molecule-of-the-week/archive/t/thalidomide.html
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What happens when you mix America’s Public Health Service with 399 men with untreated syphilis? Nothing, for 40 years. That’s right, America secretly ran a study on black men just to see why would happen if they didn’t treat their deadly and transmissible disease.
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/retropolis/wp/2017/05/16/youve-got-bad-blood-the-horror-of-the-tuskegee-syphilis-experiment/ 2. https://www.history.com/news/the-infamous-40-year-tuskegee-study 3. https://www.cdc.gov/tuskegee/index.html 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4568718/ 5. https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=vKFYAtcLAxgC&printsec=frontcover#v=onepage&q&f=false 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2607737/ 7. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44448396?seq=1 8. https://drum.lib.umd.edu/handle/1903/23029 9. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/syphilis/ 10. https://www.britannica.com/science/syphilis
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You’ve heard of Albert Einstein but do you know the story of his stolen brain? This week we talk about Einstein’s greatest work and some things they probably won’t have taught you in school...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2014/04/21/the-tragic-story-of-how-einsteins-brain-was-stolen-and-wasnt-even-special/ 2. https://www.britannica.com/science/E-mc2-equation 3. https://www.britannica.com/science/relativity/Special-relativity#ref252878 4. https://www.newscientist.com/people/albert-einstein/#ixzz6QNpfEBWW 5. https://www.britannica.com/science/photoelectric-effect 6. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=Va5T2KcYiOw 7. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=0RApKeMGDnE 8. https://www.newscientist.com/people/albert-einstein/# 9. https://www.biography.com/scientist/albert-einstein 10. https://api.nationalgeographic.com/distribution/public/amp/news/2017/06/einstein-relativity-lasers-solar-genius-science 11. https://www.space.com/amp/15524-albert-einstein.html 12. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/bpeins.html 13. https://www.space.com/amp/36273-theory-special-relativity.html 14. https://www.britannica.com/science/relativity/Special-relativity#ref252878 15. https://www.britannica.com/science/E-mc2-equation 16. https://www.forbes.com/sites/startswithabang/2018/01/23/the-three-meanings-of-emc2-einsteins-most-famous-equation/amp/ 17. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/was-einstein-the-first-to-invent-e-mc2/
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What is it that makes people gay? Have scientists actually found a gay gene? What do dolphins have to do with it? This pride themed episode has all the answers you need!
You can see more from Rowan here: http://youtube.com/muppetmadness
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.britannica.com/topic/homosexuality 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22720828/ 3. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/268/5219/1841.long 4. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/284/5414/571 5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4771012/ 6. http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150206-are-there-any-homosexual-animalshttp://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150206-are-there-any-homosexual-animals 7. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2004/07/homosexual-animals-debate/ 8. https://phys.org/news/2019-05-scientists-explore-evolution-animal-homosexuality.html 9. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02585-6 10. https://www.bbc.co.uk/science/humanbody/sex/articles/results/handedness.shtml 11. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5325203/ 12. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24332435-200-biologists-have-a-problem-with-homosexuality-they-should-get-over-it/ 13. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24532684-400-same-sex-attraction-isnt-an-evolutionary-paradox-heres-why/ 14. https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn13674-evolution-myths-natural-selection-cannot-explain-homosexuality/ 15. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-26089486 16. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/massive-study-finds-no-single-genetic-cause-of-same-sex-sexual-behavior/ 17. https://www.forbes.com/sites/dawnstaceyennis/2019/08/30/the-gay-gene-is-a-myth-but-being-gay-is-natural-say-scientists/#1f32645b7fa7 18. https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/linkage-between-dna-markers-x-chromosome-and-male-sexual-orientation-1993-dean-h-hamer-and 19. https://www.nature.com/articles/ng1195-248 20. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg13918830-300-gene-hunters-sound-warning-over-gay-link/ 21. https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/epigenetic-influences-and-disease-895/ 22. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1392256/
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Is there a difference between male and female brains? Is that the cause of dysphoria? We delve into these questions and more with returning guest NoahFinnce!
You can see more from Noah here: youtube.com/noahfinnce
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References and Further Reading 1. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28382847/?from_term=transgender&from_pos=3 2. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29732618/?from_term=transgender&from_pos=4 3. http://sitn.hms.harvard.edu/flash/2016/gender-lines-science-transgender-identity/ 4. https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2019/10/14/how-is-the-science-behind-gender-division-evolving/ 5. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-018-07238-8 6. https://www.who.int/genomics/gender/en/index1.html 7. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-01237-z 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5953012/ 9. https://www.them.us/story/brain-scans-transgender-identity 10. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-018-23976-1 11. https://www.pnas.org/content/112/50/15468 12. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1053811920301002 13. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/gender-dysphoria/ 14. http://europepmc.org/backend/ptpmcrender.fcgi?accid=PMC2669491&blobtype=pdf 15. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Sexual-Differentiation-of-the-Human-Brain%3A-Role-Bakker/402dbf3c223288f49fad94000487593a10c3c8c2 16. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29050504/?from_term=transgender&from_pos=5 17. https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/nature/etc/hormones.html 18. https://www.health.harvard.edu/heart-health/sex-hormones-and-your-heart 19. https://www.dana.org/article/hormones/ 20. https://health.howstuffworks.com/sexual-health/sexuality/secondary-sex-characteristics.htm 21. https://www.nhs.uk/common-health-questions/mens-health/what-is-gynaecomastia/ 22. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sex_steroid
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5G could open up a whole new world of technology, and fundamentally change the way we live our lives, but what are the dangers of this Promethean technology? This week we break down the REAL reason you should be worried about 5G...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.ofcom.org.uk/phones-telecoms-and-internet/advice-for-consumers/advice/what-is-5g 2. https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/features/5g-what-is-health-risks-towers-technology-conspiracy-theory-coronavirus-a9455356.html 3. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-48616174 4. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/apr/07/how-false-claims-about-5g-health-risks-spread-into-the-mainstream 5. https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-03609-x 6. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2019/may/04/5g-mobile-networks-threat-to-world-weather-forecasting 7. https://www.nationalgeographic.co.uk/science-and-technology/2019/11/could-your-next-mobile-phone-wreck-our-weather-forecasts 8. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/5g-could-disrupt-accurate-weather-forecasts/ 9. https://www.wired.co.uk/article/5g-weather-reports 10. https://www.wired.co.uk/article/5g-health-risks-concerns 11. https://www.synopsys.com/5g/5g-vs-4g.html 12. https://edition.cnn.com/2020/01/17/tech/5g-technical-explainer/index.html 13. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kuppusamy_Peramandai_Govindasamy/publication/301789296_A_Comparative_Study_on_4G_and_5G_Technology_for_Wireless_Applications/links/5728768f08ae586b21e52fb9/A-Comparative-Study-on-4G-and-5G-Technology-for-Wireless-Applications.pdf?origin=publication_detail 14. https://www.wired.com/story/5g-networks-could-throw-weather-forecasting-into-chaos/ 15. https://www.who.int/peh-emf/about/WhatisEMF/en/ 16. https://revisionworld.com/gcse-revision/physics/electromagnetic-radiation/wave-communication 17. https://www.ems1.com/ems-products/communications/articles/how-ems-communication-has-changed-in-the-digital-age-rqlCHWFiTjouK5Qn/ 18. https://www.who.int/peh-emf/publications/facts/fs304/en/ 19. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/52168096 20. https://www.nature.com/articles/d42473-019-00009-7 21. https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/5g-mobile-networks-and-health
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Is truth dead in a world without video evidence? That’s just one of the questions we cover in this week’s episode on Deepfakes. This face swapping technology is still young, but it’s set to change the world...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://youtu.be/OCLaeBAkFAY 2. https://www.merriam-webster.com/words-at-play/deepfake-slang-definition-examples 3. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2020/jan/13/what-are-deepfakes-and-how-can-you-spot-them 4. https://www.vice.com/en_uk/article/kz4amx/fsgan-program-makes-it-even-easier-to-make-deepfakes 5. https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2018/nov/12/deep-fakes-fake-news-truth 6. https://www.nytimes.com/2018/03/04/technology/fake-videos-deepfakes.html 7. https://www.creativelive.com/blog/tbt-photo-manipulation-before-photoshop/ 8. https://www.nytimes.com/2006/01/24/science/it-may-look-authentic-heres-how-to-tell-it-isnt.html 9. http://iisjoa.org/sites/default/files/iisjoa/2017/PDF/11.%20Jitendra%20Sharma%20&%20Rohita%20Sharma.pdf 10. http://www.alteredimagesbdc.org/national-geographic/ 11. https://www.cc.gatech.edu/~beki/cs4001/history.pdf 12. https://heinonline.org/HOL/LandingPage?handle=hein.journals/calr107÷=51&id=&page= 13. https://arxiv.org/abs/1812.08685 14. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8683164 15. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicephore-Niepce 16. https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/83262/how-photo-retouching-worked-photoshop 17. https://www.britannica.com/technology/photography
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How many people can you fit in one head? We’re covering Dissociative Identity Disorder this week, a condition often misrepresented in media. Find out the science behind Split, Fight Club, and many more films!
Thanks to our patrons for choosing this episode’s topic
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References and Further Reading
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24788904/?from_term=dissociative+identity+disorder&from_pos=1
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24865199/?from_term=dissociative+identity+disorder&from_pos=2
- https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28745945/?from_term=dissociative+identity+disorder&from_pos=3
- https://guilfordjournals.com/doi/abs/10.1521/bumc_2017_81_08
- https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/dissociative-identity-disorder-multiple-personality-disorder#1
- https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/dissociative-disorders/
- https://www.psychiatry.org/patients-families/dissociative-disorders/what-are-dissociative-disorders
- https://www.sane.org/information-stories/facts-and-guides/dissociative-identity-disorder
- https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dissociative-disorders/symptoms-causes/syc-20355215
- https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4899-0310-5_16
- https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1996-06491-000
- https://www.psych.theclinics.com/article/S0193-953X(05)00096-1/abstract
- https://psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.books.9781585625048.gg24
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XF2zeOdE5GY&feature=youtu.be
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uxktavpRdzU
- https://www.webmd.com/mental-health/dissociative-identity-disorder-multiple-personality-disorder#4-8
- https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/dissociation-and-dissociative-disorders/about-dissociation/https://www.mind.org.uk/information-support/types-of-mental-health-problems/dissociation-and-dissociative-disorders/about-dissociation/
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3233754/
- https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/multiple-sclerosis/
- https://youtu.be/uxktavpRdzU
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Thank you to Clear On Plastics for sponsoring this week’s podcast.
Make sure you play this weeks Quick Fire Quiz on the Clear on Plastics Instagram page here: https://bit.ly/SciGuysClearOnPlastics (It’ll be saved as a highlight for you to play)
You can find out more about bio-plastics here: https://bit.ly/bioPlastics
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.wrap.org.uk/sites/files/wrap/3Rs%20Recycling%20Highlights%202015%20FINAL%20FOR%20PUBLICATION.pdf 2. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/plastic 3. https://www.sciencehistory.org/the-history-and-future-of-plastics 4. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2018/11/are-bioplastics-made-from-plants-better-for-environment-ocean-plastic/ 5. https://www.bpf.co.uk/sustainability/plastics_recycling.aspx 6. https://www.recyclenow.com/recycling-knowledge/how-is-it-recycled/plastics 7. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-27442625 8. https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/plastics_history/default.aspx 9. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/2018/11/are-bioplastics-made-from-plants-better-for-environment-ocean-plastic/ 10. https://www.thoughtco.com/plastic-chemical-composition-608930 11. https://www.bpf.co.uk/plastipedia/how-is-plastic-made.aspx 12. https://www.activesustainability.com/environment/what-are-bioplastics/ 13. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-brief-history-of-plastic-world-conquest/
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Did you know that bread could save your life? Alexander Fleming accidentally discovered penicillin and saved countless lives!
This week we cover the series of fortunate events that development of the first ever antibiotic...
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References and Further Reading
- https://www.khanacademy.org/science/health-and-medicine/current-issues-in-health-and-medicine/antibiotics-and-antibiotic-resistance/a/antibiotics-an-overview
- https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/216798#history
- https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/antibiotics/
- https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/medicine/1945/fleming/biographical/
- https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/the-real-story-behind-the-worlds-first-antibiotic
- https://www.kidsdiscover.com/quick-reads/penicillin-found-functional-fungus/
- http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/fleming_alexander.shtml
- https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5403050/
- https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/education/whatischemistry/landmarks/flemingpenicillin.html
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You may know the Griffith Observatory from La La Land, but did you know the story of poison, betrayal, and attempted murder that led to its founding?
Corry gives you everything you need to know about his favourite place in the world, The Griffith Observatory!
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.latimes.com/local/la-xpm-2011-jun-12-la-me-0612-then-20110612-story.html 2. https://www.kcet.org/shows/lost-la/the-complex-life-of-griffith-j-griffith 3. https://hollywoodforever.com/story/griffith-j-griffith/ 4. http://www.griffithobservatory.org/exhibits/centralrotunda_griffithjgriffith.html 5. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/expat/expatlife/8751943/The-Britons-who-made-their-mark-on-LA.html 6. http://www.griffithobservatory.org 7. http://griffithmedia.org/bigpicture/index.htm 8. https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/www.livescience.com/amp/33356-weight-on-planets-mars-moon.html
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Can horses count to 10? What about recognise Mozart, read, write, or do sums? Clever Hans could do them all, or at least he convinced the people around him that he could!
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Clever-Hans 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3921203/ 3. https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-540-68706-1_1425 4. https://www.nice.org.uk/glossary?letter=b
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It’s been a whole year of Sci Guys, so we thought we’d do our most requested topic. Get ready to learn everything you need to know about Climate Change!
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References and Further Reading 1. https://youtu.be/RLqXkYrdmjY 2. https://www.snopes.com/collections/climate-change-denial-debunked/ 3. http://opr.ca.gov/facts/common-denier-arguments.html 4. https://science.howstuffworks.com/environmental/green-science/climate-skeptic.htm 5. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%2C5&as_ylo=2019&q=can+we+stop+climate+change&btnG= 6. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/wcc.619 7. https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=9uG5DwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PT7&dq=climate+change&ots=aBOkXWn-Xq&sig=Fv3H3hbf3pMW4I1Jn3JKjDN8UUA&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=climate%20change&f=false 8. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41579-019-0222-5 9. https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=KwKGDwAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PR11&dq=climate+change&ots=17NhLbNRM5&sig=0-PTMtlh483VSHMDk6RymNn29Tk&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=climate%20change&f=false 10. http://www.keneamazon.net/Documents/Publications/Virtual-Library/Mitigacion/28.pdf 11. http://www.indiaenvironmentportal.org.in/files/file/G20-REPORT.pdf 12. https://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/abs/10.1162/GLEP_a_00105 13. https://books.google.co.uk/books?hl=en&lr=&id=RsYr_iQUs6QC&oi=fnd&pg=PA399&dq=climate+denial&ots=r6SF28j96F&sig=czB6fLWBenvYrmbExXNDZcSh_lE&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=climate%20denial&f=false 14. https://journals.openedition.org/ejas/10305 15. https://www.wtamu.edu/library/help/scholarly.shtml 16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29851610 17. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31467005 18. https://www.google.com/search?rlz=1C9BKJA_enGB883GB883&hl=en-GB&sxsrf=ALeKk027tHQKxNP9qLYo0U4fDPZUT2UE-g%3A1585183939363&ei=w_x7XqLqFYnCgQaVqZfQAQ&q=free+online+academic+journals&oq=where+to+find+scholarly+articles&gs_l=mobile-gws-wiz-serp.1.2.0i71l5.0.0..227298...0.1..0.0.0.......0.1S0QV0kHSlA 19. https://shib.wtamu.edu/idp/profile/SAML2/POST/SSOl
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We’re always reminded to smash that like button but what does it actually mean to like things? That’s what we want to know...
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References and Further Reading 1. https://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=128721732 2. https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2019/08/why-we-like-what-we-like-a-scientists-surprising-findings/ 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK217511/ 4. https://abcnews.go.com/Health/Technology/story?id=118190&page=1 5. https://www.psychologicalscience.org/observer/why-we-like-what-we-like 6. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00920/full 7. https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2016/05/the-complex-psychology-of-why-people-like-things/482196/ 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3008563/
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Charlie’s Angels, The Powerpuff Girls, Destiny’s Child - three amazing groups of women. This week, we’re talking about a trio that trumps them all (at least in primatology). In this triptych, we tell the stories of three women who pushed their field farther than anyone else in history. This is the story of the Trimates - Jane Goodall, Dian Fossey, and Birutė Galdikas
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References and Further Reading 1. https://science.sciencemag.org/content/260/5106/420 2. https://www.cbc.ca/natureofthings/episodes/she-walks-with-apes 3. https://www.biography.com/scientist/jane-goodall 4. https://www.biography.com/scientist/louis-leakey 5. https://www.biography.com/scientist/dian-fossey 6. https://drbirute.wordpress.com/bio/ 7. https://blog.rsb.org.uk/orangutans-birute-galdikas/ 8. https://orangutan.org/about/dr-birute-mary-galdikas/ 9. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/a-quest-to-save-the-orangutan-70378473/ 10. https://www.nytimes.com/1992/08/16/magazine/leakeys-last-angel.html 11. https://leakeyfoundation.org/about/history/
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Do you want to live forever?
This week we talk about the immortal jellyfish, brain back ups, and all of the different ways humans could become immortal!
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References and Further Reading 1. https://immortal-jellyfish.com 2. https://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/02/magazine/can-a-jellyfish-unlock-the-secret-of-immortality.html 3. https://www.newscientist.com/article/2097379-jellyfish-as-youve-never-seen-them-meet-the-underwater-aliens/amp/ 4. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20827861-700-extreme-survival-meet-the-immortals/amp/ 5. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg20627631-100-immortal-avatars-back-up-your-brain-never-die/amp/ 6. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/the-top-10-causes-of-death 7. https://www.the-scientist.com/features/how-we-age-35872/amp 8. https://www.businessinsider.com/biology-of-aging-why-bodies-get-old-2018-8?amp&r=US&IR=T 9. https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/amp.theguardian.com/technology/shortcuts/2016/oct/11/chatbot-talk-to-dead-grief
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Our very first redux! Since our last episode the coronavirus has raced around the globe. Panic and misinformation are spreading like wildfire. It’s hard to know what’s true and what’s not.
That’s why, this week, we’ve answered all of your questions about COVID-19 with just the facts!
This information is correct as of 17/3/20
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References and Further Reading: 1. https://www.worldometers.info/coronavirus/ 2. https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/coronavirus 3. https://www.who.int/gho/hiv/epidemic_status/deaths_text/en/ 4. https://www.who.int/news-room/q-a-detail/q-a-coronaviruses 5. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMc2004973?query=featured_home 6. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/ 7. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2020/mar/18/what-is-uk-government-advice-on-social-distancing-and-isolation-coronavirus 8. https://www.manchestereveningnews.co.uk/news/greater-manchester-news/government-publishes-full-list-those-17941423 9. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.03.13.990226v1 10. New Scientist 7.3.2020 11. New Scientist 8.2.2020
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Do you draw a blank whenever you’re asked to picture something in your head? You might have aphantasia - which is exactly what we’re talking about this week, LIVE from VIDCON LONDON!
If you missed the show tune in and find out the science behind a blind mind!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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References and Further Reading:
-
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-34039054
-
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/when-the-minds-eye-is-blind1/
-
https://www.newscientist.com/article/2083706-my-minds-eye-is-blind-so-whats-going-on-in-my-brain/
-
https://aphantasia.com/binocular-rivalry/
-
https://aphantasia.com/vviq-aphantasia-test
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Find Rachel on Twitter:
https://twitter.com/RachelKiki_
Find Rachel on Instagram:
https://instagram.com/rachelkeeks
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
http://youtube.com/SciGuys
If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
http://patreon.com/SciGuys
If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials!
http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod
http://twitter.com/SciGuysPod
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References and Further Reading:
1. 1. https://www.famousscientists.org/marie-curie/ 2. https://www.biography.com/scientist/marie-curie 3. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Marie-Curie/Death-of-Pierre-and-second-Nobel-Prize 4. https://www.mariecurie.org.uk/who/our-history/marie-curie-the-scientist 5. https://www.biography.com/news/marie-curie-biography-facts 6. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/ 7. https://history.aip.org/exhibits/curie/polgirl2.htm 8. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/science/the-secret-sex-life-of-marie-curie-1586244.html
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Way back in the 1940s a man, Bertold Wiesner, started a fertility clinic with his wife and helped in the conception 1500 children.
He had a slightly more hands on approach than most, because he used his own sperm to conceive 600 of those kids. We have Rachel Kiki on to talk about this as they are Wiesner’s grandchild!
We also go into the invention of artificial insemination and IVF
Find Rachel on Twitter:
https://twitter.com/RachelKiki_
Find Rachel on Instagram:
https://instagram.com/rachelkeeks
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
http://youtube.com/SciGuys
If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
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If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials!
http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod
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References and Further Reading:
-
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/9193014/British-man-fathered-600-children-at-own-fertility-clinic.html
-
https://www.huffpost.com/entry/bertold-wiesner-british-man-fathered-600-children-kids-sperm-donations_n_1412849?guccounter=1&guce_referrer=aHR0cHM6Ly93d3cuZ29vZ2xlLmNvbS8&guce_referrer_sig=AQAAAJeKnY9JOS0iN9zrwMMeziDvXCncnSMYjOiG90rNjfkQU64p8U2O3DbgyYAXaRwoor9MdKxejpouh6zZ2A4IGaal6S1C56oT_x3HmR_MBaHL4RWO1AwqOIWSqLNDtjoQgrKPQSSkoI-Q0PvPomNdpHyJr39uFuAMsAn-z9Ie4Fg9
-
https://www.pri.org/stories/2012-04-09/bertold-wiesner-british-fertility-clinic-owner-allegedly-fathered-600-children
-
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/what-happens/
-
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ivf/
-
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6140213/
-
https://www.theguardian.com/society/2013/jul/12/story-ivf-five-million-babies
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They often say that opposites attract, but how true is that? Aspen, our very first guest host, gives us all the answers!
You can find Aspen on her YouTube channel:
https://youtube.com/aspenabroad
You can see more of Noah on his YouTube channel:
https://youtube.com/noahfinnce
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
http://youtube.com/SciGuys
If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
http://patreon.com/SciGuys
If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials!
http://facebook.com/SciGuysPod
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References and Further Reading:
-
https://www.newyorker.com/culture/decade-in-review/the-age-of-instagram-face#
-
https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/brain-wise/201408/the-science-attraction
-
https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/the-surprising-scientific-reason-behind-physical-attraction/
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During the Great Dinosaur Rush of the 1800s two men met and started such a venomous rivalry that their decades long feud has come to be known as “The Bone Wars”.
Othniel Marsh and Edward Cope were not only mortal enemies, but also two of the most prolific palaeontologists of all time!
You can see more of Noah on his YouTube channel:
https://youtube.com/noahfinnce
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
http://youtube.com/SciGuys
If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
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If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials!
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References and Further Reading:
-
https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/the-bone-wars-how-a-bitter-rivalry-drove-progress-in-palaeontology/amp/
-
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/the-second-jurassic-dinosaur-rush-78519329/
-
https://animals.howstuffworks.com/dinosaurs/dinosaur-discoveries3.htm
-
https://ansp.org/exhibits/online-exhibits/stories/bone-wars-the-cope-marsh-rivalry/
-
https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/p02t674k
-
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/phenomena/2015/04/15/battle-for-the-bone-wars-beasts/
-
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/how-are-fossils-formed.html
-
https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/what-are-dinosaurs.html
-
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/features/dinosaur-rivalry/
-
https://youtu.be/iP_3PF-FOV0
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People often complain about a lack of representation of women in STEM industries, but there is one woman that has made her mark on some of the greatest medical breakthroughs of the past 70 years. However this happened entirely unbeknownst to her. Henrietta Lacks was at the centre of one of the biggest controversies surrounding ethics in science
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
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References and Further Reading
-
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/cb_93021013?lang=en®ion=GB&gclid=CjwKCAiAjrXxBRAPEiwAiM3DQqQ_lkf6gTng7zMlzEJgEXzxLmGiFIHgfgl4XtP1JPkC-1C6q7AUZRoCnHoQAvD_BwE
-
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2010/jun/23/henrietta-lacks-cells-medical-advances
-
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/henrietta-lacks-immortal-cells-6421299/
-
https://www.biography.com/scientist/henrietta-lacks
-
https://www.npr.org/2010/02/02/123232331/henrietta-lacks-a-donors-immortal-legacy?t=1580046347420
-
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=Hela
-
https://www.archivesofpathology.org/doi/10.1043/1543-2165-133.9.1463?url_ver=Z39.88-2003𝔯_id=ori:rid:crossref.org𝔯_dat=cr_pub%3dpubmed
-
https://www.nature.com/news/deal-done-over-hela-cell-line-1.13511
-
https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/hela-cell.htm
-
https://www.immunology.org/hela-cells-1951
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Cases of Coronavirus are being reported around the world and anxiety about a deadly outbreak is rising, but is there actually anything to worry about? What is coronavirus? Is the world on the verge of a pandemic? The Sci Guys discuss this and previous global outbreaks in an all new episode!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel:
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If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
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If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials!
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References and Further Reading: 1. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/01/26/world/china-coronavirus.html
-
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-china-51254523
-
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/about/symptoms.html
-
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/about/symptoms.html
-
https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/jan/26/coronavirus-could-infect-100000-globally-experts-warn
-
https://science.howstuffworks.com/life/cellular-microscopic/virus-human1.htm
-
https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/downloads/2019-ncov-factsheet.pdf
-
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/sars/
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#AD We are SO proud that New Scientist has decided to sponsor our podcast! If you love learning, you’ll love New Scientist, and you can get your first 10 weeks of New Scientist for £10 / $10 / AU$20 including full website access here: http://bit.ly/SciGuysPod
This is our first sponsorship, and a real milestone for the podcast. Thanks so much to you guys for listening and supporting the show.
January is coming to a close, and that means the end of Veganuary. To see it out in style, we cover an amazing little study from the lovely people at New Scientist!
You can WATCH the podcast over on our YouTube channel: youtube.com/SciGuys If you would like to support the podcast, please donate to our Patreon:
patreon.com/SciGuys
References and Further Reading: 1. https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24532630-500-going-vegan-for-january-find-out-how-much-difference-it-really-makes/
-
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg23731623-000-living-on-the-veg-should-we-all-go-vegan/
-
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24532633-100-conservationists-are-ignoring-climate-change-risking-mass-extinctions/
-
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24532631-800-our-veganuary-study-is-just-the-latest-self-experiment/
-
https://www.newscientist.com/article/mg24532640-600-eating-more-slowly-and-dining-with-others-can-boost-your-health
If you'd like to see more of us, follow our socials!
facebook.com/SciGuysPod
twitter.com/SciGuysPod
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Have you ever wondered if there was more of one of you in there? Well, there kind of is. Join us as we explore the world of splitting brains and the corpus callosum...
Support us on Patreon:
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Watch us on YouTube:
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References & Further Reading:
-
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318065.php#What-is-the-corpus-callosum
-
https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/191120070710.htm
-
https://www.livescience.com/58763-why-your-brain-has-2-halves.html
-
https://embryo.asu.edu/pages/roger-sperrys-split-brain-experiments-1959-1968
-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BEdug0wAgd4
-
https://www.cell.com/trends/cognitive-sciences/fulltext/S1364-6613(17)30190-0
-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZMLzP1VCANo
-
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28122878
-
Homo Deus - Yuval Noah Harari
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It’s the beginning of a new year, a new decade, and the Sci Guys are back with an episode on the oldest beginning of them all! That’s right, this week we’re talking about The Big Bang Theory (no not that one) and some of the contending theories that might replace it… Support us on Patreon:
patreon.com/SciGuys
Watch us on YouTube:
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References and Further Reading
-
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/www.nbcnews.com/mach/amp/ncna881136
-
https://www.space.com/amp/25126-big-bang-theory.html
-
https://www.discovermagazine.com/the-sciences/3-theories-that-might-blow-up-the-big-bang
-
https://www.space.com/24781-big-bang-theory-alternatives-infographic.html
-
https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/space/universe/origins-of-the-universe/
-
https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2018/05/stephen-hawking-s-almost-last-paper-putting-end-beginning-universe
-
https://science.howstuffworks.com/dictionary/astronomy-terms/before-big-bang.htm
-
https://www.britannica.com/amp/story/was-the-big-bang-actually-an-explosion
-
https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/what-astronomers-are-still-discovering-about-big-bang-theory-180949794/
-
https://youtu.be/wNDGgL73ihY
-
http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150602-how-will-the-universe-end
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We’ve taken the craziest, weirdest, and most wonderful parts of the past year of Sci Guys and crammed them all into one episode!
Relive the best bits and get yourself geared up for another year of fun science stories!
Support us on Patreon:
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Do you remember your dreams? The Sci Guys take on Inception this week with a deep dive into our sleeping psyche!
Thank you to the patrons who voted for this episode topic!
References and Further Reading 1. http://medicalnewstoday.com/articles/247927.php#functions-of-rem-sleep 2. https://twitter.com/ykamit/status/948807195205840896?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw%7Ctwcamp%5Etweetembed%7Ctwterm%5E948807195205840896&ref_url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2018%2F04%2F04%2Fhealth%2Frecording-our-dreams%2Findex.html 3. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22031074 4. https://www.discovermagazine.com/mind/theoretically-recording-dreams-is-possiblescientists-are-trying 5. https://edition.cnn.com/2018/04/04/health/recording-our-dreams/index.html 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b7kVwoN8Cx4&feature=youtu.be 7. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/240317v1 8. https://www.psychologytoday.com/gb/blog/dreaming-in-the-digital-age/201712/the-science-dreaming-9-key-points 9. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/scientists-read-dreams/ 10. http://scientificamerican.com/article/the-science-behind-dreaming/ 11. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jsp1KaM-avU
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Happy Holidays! In this very special Christmas episode we Cover the life of Sir Isaac Newton, the second most famous person to be born on Christmas Day...
References and Further Reading 1. https://www.biography.com/.amp/scientist/isaac-newton 2. https://www.history.com/.amp/topics/inventions/isaac-newton 3. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Isaac-Newton
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Dogs are mans best friend and foxes are man’s cutest pest, but what would happen if you turned a fox into a dog?
That’s what we’re discussing this week, as Corry takes us through the very real, and very scientific guide on making a dog from a fox!
Support us on Patreon:
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Watch us on YouTube:
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References & Further Reading
-
https://evolution-outreach.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12052-018-0090-x
-
https://youtu.be/4dwjS_eI-lQ
-
http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20160912-a-soviet-scientist-created-the-only-tame-foxes-in-the-world
-
https://www.pbs.org/newshour/amp/science/domesticated-foxes-genetically-fascinating-terrible-pets
-
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/www.independent.co.uk/news/science/puppy-dog-eyes-humans-domestication-facial-structure-university-of-portsmouth-a8961981.html%3famp
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Do rats get high in heaven?
This week we tackle the science behind addiction. Is it a disease or does it only exist because drugs are just chemically irresistible?
References and Further Reading 1. https://youtu.be/d-0KfwFCMRM 2. https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/substance-use-disorder/what-does-rat-park-teach-us-about-addiction 3. https://sencanada.ca/content/sen/committee/371/ille/presentation/alexender-e.htm 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2890392/ 5. https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/substance-use-disorder/what-does-rat-park-teach-us-about-addiction 6. https://www.nhs.uk/live-well/healthy-body/addiction-what-is-it/ 7. https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/research-reports/tobacco-nicotine-e-cigarettes/nicotine-addictive
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Have you ever wondered how Corry comes up with a wacky new science story every week?
This episode we dig into one of the inspirations for the podcast, the Ig Nobel Prize! Having a prize for great scientific achievements is certainly an important thing, but when it comes to the crazy, weird, and wonderful stories (that still make you think) there’s the Ig Nobel Prize!
References and Further Reading
-
https://www.improbable.com/
-
https://www.wired.co.uk/article/wired-awake-140918
-
https://www.drgoulu.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/Rheology-of-cats.pdf
-
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/amp.theguardian.com/science/2019/sep/13/study-french-postmens-testicles-ig-nobel-winner
-
https://twitter.com/improbresearch?s=20
-
https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/600249/2019-ig-nobel-prize-winners
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If you had the chance to change your child’s genes, would you? Is that Eugenics?
Those are the questions we debate today! Gene editing has come to the point that we can choose almost any feature we like for our unborn children. As usual, science has run far ahead leaving important ethical questions behind. Jurassic Park have been onto something...
References and Further Reading 1. https://pged.org/history-eugenics-and-genetics/ 2. https://www.nature.com/scitable/forums/genetics-generation/america-s-hidden-history-the-eugenics-movement-123919444/ 3. https://www.history.com/topics/germany/eugenics 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1127045/
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“You be good, see you tomorrow. I love you” were the last words of Alex the Parrot, who may have been the only animal to understand and engage in human speech
We cover the life of Alex, and the controversy surrounding his supposed ability to actually speak English.
References and Further Reading 1. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/10/science/10cnd-parrot.html 2. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/sep/13/usa.stephenmoss 3. https://youtu.be/rrX1nrvPbLY 4. https://youtu.be/62rXKjXgr60 5. https://www.nytimes.com/2007/09/10/science/10cnd-parrot.html 6. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/experts-parrots-mimic/ 7. https://www.sciencefocus.com/nature/how-do-parrots-talk/amp/ 8. http://whoami.sciencemuseum.org.uk/whoami/findoutmore/yourbrain/whatisspecialabouthumanlanguage/howdoesyourbraincontrollanguage/howdoyouspeak 9. https://text.npr.org/s.php?sId=129083762
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Do rats go to heaven? The answer is yes, but it’s not as nice as you might think!
Corry tells the story of John B Calhoun, a man who ran massive, years long experiments on rats and mice to really see what made them tick. Turns out rats and humans aren’t as different as we expected.
References and Further Reading 1. https://youtu.be/5m7X-1V9nOs 2. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/how-mouse-utopias-1960s-led-grim-predictions-humans-180954423/ 3. https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-349-24483-6_20 4. https://www.theguardian.com/science/the-h-word/2016/mar/23/science-ballard-high-rise-animal-research-pathological-overcrowding 5. https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-8330.1973.tb00574.x 6. http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/22514/1/2308Ramadams.pdf 7. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2636191/
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Do vaccines cause autism? That’s just one of the questions we’re debating this week. We get into the scientific roots of the Antivax movement, and figure out whether it’s really that dangerous to choose to leave a child unvaccinated.
Whether you believe in vaccinations or not, there’s something for you in this episode. Have a listen, and hopefully you’ll learn something about both sides of this debate.
References and (a lot of) Further Reading 1. https://youtu.be/5F_yj1T8Qu8 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136032/ 3. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(97)11096-0/fulltext 4. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-33774181 5. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2018/aug/23/russian-trolls-spread-vaccine-misinformation-on-twitter 6. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/21/no-link-between-mmr-and-autism-major-study-concludes 7. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/autism/ 8. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/3513365.stm 9. https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/health-news/damning-verdict-on-doctor-who-linked-mmr-with-autism-1882547.html 10. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/andrew-wakefield-who-is-mmr-doctor-anti-vaccine-anti-vaxxer-us-a8328326.html 11. https://www.businessinsider.com/who-is-andrew-wakefield-2015-2?r=US&IR=T 12. https://www.nhs.uk/news/medication/no-link-between-mmr-and-autism-major-study-finds/ 13. https://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/2727726/measles-mumps-rubella-vaccination-autism-nationwide-cohort-study 14. https://www.ovg.ox.ac.uk/news/herd-immunity-how-does-it-work 15. https://www.nhs.uk/news/pregnancy-and-child/mmr-vaccine-does-not-cause-autism/ 16. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3757918/ 17. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/patient-ed/conversations/downloads/vacsafe-thimerosal-color-office.pdf 18. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/health/andrew-wakefield-who-is-mmr-doctor-anti-vaccine-anti-vaxxer-us-a8328326.html 19. https://www.nhs.uk/news/pregnancy-and-child/mmr-vaccine-does-not-cause-autism/ 20. https://www.nhs.uk/news/medication/no-link-between-mmr-and-autism-major-study-finds/ 21. https://www.ovg.ox.ac.uk/news/herd-immunity-how-does-it-work 22. https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMoa021134 23. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136032/ 24. https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lancet/article/PIIS0140-6736(97)11096-0/fulltext 25. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2015/apr/21/no-link-between-mmr-and-autism-major-study-concludes 26. https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/patient-ed/conversations/downloads/vacsafe-thimerosal-color-office.pdf 27. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3757918/ 28. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2528717/ 29. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-33774181 30. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/health/3513365.stm 31. https://www.ovg.ox.ac.uk/news/herd-immunity-how-does-it-work 32. https://annals.org/aim/article-abstract/2727726/measles-mumps-rubella-vaccination-autism-nationwide-cohort-study 33. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/?term=vaccines+dangerous 34. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24814559 35. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28806013 36. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30753348 37. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30139653 38. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28774498 39. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26240325 40. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-33774181 41. http://www.scirp.org/(S(i43dyn45teexjx455qlt3d2q))/reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=124952 42. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Robert_Bednarczyk/publication/329322472_Development_of_a_US_trust_measure_to_assess_and_monitor_parental_confidence_in_the_vaccine_system/links/5c59ad5c45851582c3cff694/Development-of-a-US-trust-measure-to-assess-and-monitor-parental-confidence-in-the-vaccine-system.pdf 43. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4836621/ 44. https://www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Autism-Spectrum-Disorder-Fact-Sheet 45. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/22801435/
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When you fall off a horse the only thing you can do is get back on, and when a crowbar flies through your brain you just get up and walk away. Phineas Gage accidentally blew a hole in his brain and, not only did he survive, he just went back to his normal life!
References & Further Reading: 1. https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/phineas-gage-neurosciences-most-famous-patient-11390067/ 2. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=aw0zbyQVCEc 3. https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=yXbAMHzYGJ0 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1114479/ 5. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Phineas-Gage
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What’s worse, the cold vacuum of space or a Russian forest during winter?
Two Cosmonauts found out the answer to that question the hard way when they crash landed in the woods after the first space walk in history. They had to contend against wolves, bears, and the most useless rescuers imaginable. Tune in to find out the story of the lost cosmonauts!
References and Further Reading 1. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/sci/tech/7355912.stm 2. http://archive.boston.com/news/world/asia/articles/2008/04/20/russian_spacecraft_lands_way_off_course/ 3. https://mobile.reuters.com/article/amp/idUSL2362874120080423 4. https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/www.seeker.com/amphtml/cosmonauts-faced-cold-snow-after-dicey-landing-1767335720.html 5. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7mUO1TDr7fQ 6. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VmXdWLWMTkg 7. Hall, Rex; Shayler, David J. (2001). The rocket men : Vostok & Voskhod, the first Soviet manned spaceflights.
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It's our HALF-y Birthday! To celebrate 6 months of Sci Guys, Jamp has taken over the podcast (oh no), and he brings tales from the Alnwick Poison Garden.
References & Further Reading 1. http://rhs.org.uk 2. http://www.thepoisongarden.co.uk/ 3. https://aboutforensics.co.uk/georgi-markov/
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CONTENT WARNING: Mistreatment of children
In this episode, The Sci Guys educate Josh about an infamous 1920’s study involving a rat, a Santa mask, and terrorising a small child.
References and Further Reading 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25068585 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25197838 3. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28125246 4. https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn26307-baby-used-in-notorious-fear-experiment-is-lost-no-more/ 5. https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF03395082 6. https://psychclassics.yorku.ca/Watson/emotion.htm 7. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1207/s15328023top0401_12?journalCode=htop20
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Have you ever wondered how the first vaccine was made? It involves snorting scabs in China, ulcerous udders, and some good old fashioned child endangerment.
This week Corry takes us through the history and eradication of smallpox!
References and Further Reading 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1069029/ 2. https://www.who.int/csr/disease/smallpox/vaccines/en/ 3. https://www.cdc.gov/smallpox/vaccine-basics/index.html 4. Kennedy, Peter (1715). An Essay on External Remedies Wherein it is Considered, Whether all the curable Distempers incident to Human Bodies, may not be cured by Outward Means. London: A. Bell. 5. https://www.britannica.com/science/cowpox 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1810486/?tool=pubmed
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This week the Sci Guys discuss a Steve Jobs wannabe that tricked everyone into thinking she had a revolutionary blood testing device. Jamp and Luke also discover why their blood cells might be a little bit prejudiced.
References and Further Reading 1. https://www.businessinsider.com/the-history-of-silicon-valley-unicorn-theranos-and-ceo-elizabeth-holmes-2018-5?r=US&IR=T#by-the-end-of-2017-theranos-was-in-need-of-a-cash-infusion-and-made-a-deal-with-fortress-investment-group-for-100-million-in-secured-debt-financing-to-get-it-through-2018-the-deal-relied-on-theranos-hitting-certain-development-milestones-as-it-worked-to-get-its-zika-virus-approved-by-the-fda-33 2. https://www.businessinsider.com/theranos-founder-ceo-elizabeth-holmes-life-story-bio-2018-4?r=US&IR=T#holmes-family-moved-when-she-was-young-from-washington-dc-to-houston-2 3. https://www.healthline.com/health/blood-tests 4. https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/blood-tests 5. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/blood-tests/ 6. https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/196001.php 7. https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?ContentTypeID=160&ContentID=36
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This week, Corry recounts humanity’s history of deep sea exploration, and the creatures that lurk in the shadows beneath.
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References and Further Reading
-
https://www.thoughtco.com/deep-sea-exploration-4161315
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https://www.heraldscotland.com/business_hq/17888496.voyage-bottoms-sea-texan-scots-tackling-ocean-39-s-depths/
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https://www.whoi.edu/oceanus/feature/marine-snow-and-fecal-pellets/?id=2387&archives=true
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https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-49636756
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https://newatlas.com/five-deeps-dsv-limiting-factor-mariana-trench/59690/
-
https://fivedeeps.com/faq/
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https://relay.nationalgeographic.com/proxy/distribution/public/amp/news/2018/05/plastic-bag-mariana-trench-pollution-science-spd
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https://www.nytimes.com/2015/09/15/science/piloted-deep-sea-research-is-bottoming-out.htm
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This week Corry talks about the benefits of eating poo (no really), and the tiny creatures controlling your brain! Tune in and you’ll also find out how to cure your depression with a yoghurt! References 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25624713 2. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26824647 3. https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/036103v1 4. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29171095 5. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19043404 6. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27818083 7. Escherich T (1885). "Die Darmbakterien des Neugeborenen und Säuglinge". Fortschr. Med. 3: 515–522. 8. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29795328 9. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26718401 10. Kenner, Richardson; et al. (2010). "Shotgun sequencing: Review of progress in sequence assembly developments". Methods in Biomolecular Research. 38 (4): 1022–1035.
You can find the rest of the references here:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1CHjN1hR_KdSgWLLB80tCx0Q46xm8O8IUAOXFdJNOEew
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This week Corry tells us about a time in the 70s when a group of boys took role playing a little too far... Tune in to hear the truly incredible story of The Stanford Prison Experiment!
References and Further Reading
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https://web.stanford.edu/dept/spec_coll/uarch/exhibits/spe/Narration.pdf
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https://www.prisonexp.org/
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https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-14564182
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https://psyarxiv.com/b7crx
-
https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/observations/rethinking-the-infamous-stanford-prison-experiment/
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This week Corry talks about how flying frogs led to discovering graphene, a super-powered substance that you can make with just a pencil and some tape! We also have a special guest, Jake Edwards, so tune in and join us for a ribbeting episode!
You can see more of Jake on their YouTube channel:
https://youtube.com/jakeftmagic
References and Further Reading
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https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2010/geim/biographical/
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https://slate.com/business/2014/05/nobel-prize-in-physics-andre-geim-went-from-levitating-frogs-to-sciences-highest-honor.html
-
https://www.ru.nl/hfml/research/levitation/diamagnetic-levitation/
-
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tesla_(unit)
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https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn3785-gecko-tape-will-stick-you-to-ceiling/
-
https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/physics/2010/press-release/
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This episode was recorded live at Summer in the City.
This week we talk about the indestructible water bears that we accidentally crashed on the moon. We also answer some burning questions from the audience!
References and Further Reading 1. Kinchin, Ian M. (1994) The Biology of Tardigrades, Ashgate Publishing 2. http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150313-the-toughest-animals-on-earth
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This week we’re talking about the ideal black body with Daniel J Layton, and surprisingly it isn’t Janet Jackson’s. Tune in to find out why you don’t want to go near a black hole!
You can find Dan on YouTube here:
https://youtube.com/danieljlayton
References and Further Reading 1.https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/5-8/features/nasa-knows/what-is-a-black-hole-58.html
- https://www.space.com/15421-black-holes-facts-formation-discovery-sdcmp.html
https://www.businessinsider.com/black-hole-how-big-largest-universe-2019-5?r=US&IR=T 3. https://www.theguardian.com/science/2019/apr/14/the-new-black-hole-what-can-we-really-see
-
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-47873592
-
https://www.wired.com/story/scientists-reveal-the-first-picture-of-a-black-hole/
-
http://www.bbc.co.uk/earth/story/20150525-a-black-hole-would-clone-you
-
http://www.hawking.org.uk/into-a-black-hole.html
-
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/amp.theguardian.com/science/2019/apr/12/powehi-black-hole-gets-a-name-meaning-the-adorned-fathomless-dark-creation
You can find a picture of the black hole here:
https://media.wired.com/photos/5cadec1fb75f9b23c6466d74/master/pass/blackhole.jpg
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This episode is all about firsts! We talk about the Wright Brothers and their invention of the first aeroplane with our very first special guest, Evan Edinger!
You can see more of Evan on his YouTube channel:
https://youtube.com/evan
References & Further Reading:
- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=01Q83yxdDaI
- https://www.history.com/topics/inventions/wright-brothers
- https://airandspace.si.edu/exhibitions/wright-brothers/online/a
- https://www.britannica.com/biography/Wright-brothers
- https://science.howstuffworks.com/transport/flight/modern/airplanes1.h
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This episode is all about the (mad) scientist, Nikola Tesla and his rivalry with Thomas Edison! We also cover Tesla’s problematic views, insane inventions, and his crush on a dove!
References and Further Reading
-
https://www.energy.gov/articles/war-currents-ac-vs-dc-power
-
https://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/famous-inventors/famous-nikola-tesla-inventions.htm
-
https://www.history.com/.amp/topics/inventions/nikola-tesla
-
https://www.history.com/.amp/news/6-brilliant-tesla-inventions-never-built
-
https://amp.interestingengineering.com/7-inventions-of-nikola-tesla-that-were-never-built
-
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nikola-Tesla
-
https://www.biography.com/.amp/inventor/nikola-tesla
-
https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/topics/Nikola_Tesla
-
https://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/articles/55mfzKcTrkgGcZv4VMsf24q/five-nikola-tesla-predictions-that-came-true
-
https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/magazine-19503846
-
https://amp.businessinsider.com/the-secret-life-of-nikola-tesla-2015-10
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This week we talk about the trashiest island in the Pacific Ocean, how to make your own wine, and an edible alternative to plastic!
References and Further Reading 1. www.treehugger.com/sustainable-product-design/amp/scoby-edible-packaging-kombucha-roza-janusz.html
-
https://www.creative-conscience.org.uk/grow-your-own-packaging-an-interview-with-roza-janusz/
-
https://www.makegrowlab.com
-
http://www.bbc.co.uk/programmes/b01g4ks7
-
http://www.brisbanetimes.com.au/queensland/qut-and-state-library-leading-the-way-in-vegan-leather-20160804-gql09o.html
-
http://www.thecrimson.com/column/the-good-food-fight/article/2012/4/18/do_it_yourself/
-
https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php/Packaging_waste_statistics
-
https://news.nationalgeographic.com/2018/05/plastics-facts-infographics-ocean-pollution/
-
https://theoceancleanup.com/great-pacific-garbage-patch/
-
https://www.fastcompany.com/90172084/this-zero-waste-packaging-is-grown-from-kombucha
-
http://www.air-swimmers.pl/hel-do-balonow/hel-450-l?gclid=Cj0KEQiAlsrFBRCAxcCB54XElLEBEiQA_ei0DMeFJtt1bxJFYPBgdLvg6swGXbelf5GbEo2YEsoAeksaAgWO8P8HAQ
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This episode was recorded live at the Pride in London Pop Up.
We talk about poisoned apples, Benedict Cumberbatch, and early 1900s party games, which are all somehow related to Alan Turing. If you missed your chance to see us live, tune in and pretend like you were there!
References and Further Reading
-
https://www.bl.uk/people/alan-turing
-
https://www.bbc.com/timelines/z8bgr82
-
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/amp.theguardian.com/technology/2015/oct/11/cyanide-in-fruit-seeds-how-dangerous-is-an-apple
-
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Turing_test
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This week we tackle the vote that rocked a nation. That’s right, it’s Boaty McBoatface! Don’t miss out on this one, as we also finally manage to make democracy work
References and Further Reading
-
https://amp.theguardian.com/environment/2016/apr/17/boaty-mcboatface-wins-poll-to-name-polar-research-vessel
-
https://noc.ac.uk/education/educational-resources/boaty-mcboatface
-
https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2019/06/17/boaty-mcboatface-makes-major-climate-change-discovery-maiden/amp/
-
https://climate.nasa.gov/evidence
-
https://www.un.org/en/sections/issues-depth/climate-change/
-
https://nerc.ukri.org/press/releases/2016/18-ship/
-
https://www.pnas.org/content/116/27/13233
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You’ve heard of Spider-Man, and spider-pig, but have you ever heard of spider-goats? That’s exactly what we’re talking about this week, along with bulletproof silk and the true power of the wall crawling web head. References and Further Reading
-
https://www.google.co.uk/amp/s/amp.theguardian.com/science/2012/jan/14/synthetic-biology-spider-goat-genetics
-
https://amp.businessinsider.com/genetic-engineering-goats-spiders-2016-4
3.https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/BioSteel
-
https://amp.theguardian.com/science/2012/jan/14/synthetic-biology-spider-goat-genetics
-
https://youtu.be/cPa8Vxqvkn0
-
https://youtu.be/a0acXlUBEGQ
7.https://youtu.be/B0zT9CN3-50
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This week Luke takes charge and talks us through his theory of everything, why you’re the centre of the universe, and a set of twins that rewrote history! Don’t miss out on our very first (sort of) guest episode!
References and Further Reading
-
https://www.britannica.com/science/light/Youngs-double-slit-experiment
-
https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/qm-copenhagen/
-
http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20170215-the-strange-link-between-the-human-mind-and-quantum-physics
-
https://link.springer.com/epdf/10.1007/s10701-019-00278-8?author_access_token=b5nHJYmEKH3JdSO8SL32J_e4RwlQNchNByi7wbcMAY580Yr155iM2MYJ40TlNt1p-Brh8UtEUN73nds-SnEF120deoDiItuEf-F5jAOwIQFXdmGQxmS4cn6MFc0DjoM4RvbXVdciBBq31Aol46YtTw%3D%3D
-
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Von_Neumann–Wigner_interpretation
-
https://philosophynow.org/issues/121/Does_Consciousness_Cause_Quantum_Collapse
-
https://plus.maths.org/content/physics-minute-double-slit-experiment-0
-
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9tKncAdlHQ
-
https://youtu.be/p-MNSLsjjdo
-
https://youtu.be/8ORLN_KwAgs
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Have you ever made a mistake? Don’t worry because this topic will definitely make you feel less worried about it, but maybe a little more worried about the future of humanity. This week Corry tells us all about Chernobyl, the biggest mistake in human history.
References and Further Reading 1. http://www.world-nuclear.org/information-library/safety-and-security/safety-of-plants/chernobyl-accident.aspx
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https://web.archive.org/web/20110225215043/http://www.iaea.or.at/NewsCenter/Features/Chernobyl-15/cherno-faq.shtml
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https://amp.businessinsider.com/chernobyl-hbo-whats-true-myths-2019-5
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https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/resources/idt-sh/moving_to_Chernobyl
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https://www.sciencedaily.com/terms/chernobyl_disaster.htm
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https://youtu.be/DOWD0CBxE7w
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https://youtu.be/9DWnjcSo9J0
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https://youtu.be/BhYEkRjUWM8
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https://youtu.be/vK8ykPmtRyg
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https://youtu.be/xbi6eoh63ZQ
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https://youtu.be/tlJXJ3BM7j0
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https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-scotland-glasgow-west-46290475
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Have you ever thought that life would be easier if you could just switch off all your bad thoughts? That’s exactly what Corry is talking about today with the story of Jose Delgado, a Spanish scientist who used brain chips to control peoples minds!
References and Further Reading
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=23pXqY3X6c8
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https://www.wireheading.com/delgado/brainchips.pdf
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jkzOY4NfMOA
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/101139
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https://my.apa.org/apa/idm/login.seam?ERIGHTS_TARGET=https%3A%2F%2Fpsycnet.apa.org%2F
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https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4684-8044-3_1
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https://abt.ucpress.edu/content/39/1/54.abstract
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https://web.archive.org/web/20061020235522/https://discover.com/issues/oct-04/cover
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http://www.yalescientific.org/2011/02/the-brain-machine-connection-humans-and-computers-in-the-21st-century/
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3499727/
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http://www.cabinetmagazine.org/issues/2/psychcivilization.php
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This week we enter the world of psychedelics with the accidental invention of LSD. Also in this episode, Corry tells us about the first “bike trip” in history. Tune in for the mind bending history of the Beatles greatest muse!
References and Further Reading
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https://drugscience.org.uk/drug-information/lsd
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https://www.newscientist.com/article/2119397-how-lsd-affects-the-brain-and-creates-its-trippy-effect/amp/
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/30950777/?i=8&from=lysergic%20acid%20diethylamide
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http://pharmrev.aspetjournals.org/content/68/2/264
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https://www.theguardian.com/science/2017/apr/19/brain-scans-reveal-mind-opening-response-to-psychedelic-drug-trip-lsd-ketamine-psilocybin
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https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/hallucinogens
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http://www.cesar.umd.edu/cesar/drugs/lsd.asp
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https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000795.htm
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5001686/
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_lysergic_acid_diethylamide
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https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2014/09/the-accidental-discovery-of-lsd/379564/
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/31084460/?i=2&from=lysergic%20acid%20diethylamide
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This week we talk about a nuclear bomb that claimed the lives of a small group of scientists without ever being dropped. Corry also reveals a secret he’s been hiding since our first episode!
References and Further Reading
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Loveland, W.; Morrissey, D.; Seaborg, G.T. (2006). Modern Nuclear Chemistry. Wiley-Interscience
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http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/Radiation.html
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https://www.mirion.com/learning-center/radiation-safety-basics/uses-of-radiation
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http://www.atomicarchive.com/Fission/Fission2.shtml
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https://www.mirion.com/learning-center/radiation-safety-basics/types-of-ionizing-radiation
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https://hps.org/publicinformation/ate/faqs/radiationtypes.html
www.strangerdimensions.com/2012/07/30/the-demon-core/amp/
- https://www.orau.org/PTP/Library/accidents/la-13638.pdf
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Can you be your own mum? Does asexuality exist? We answer these questions and more in this episode! This week Corry touches on the history of cloning, and explains why Jurassic Park is indisputably the best film. References and Further Reading 1. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/29395327/
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www.history.com/.amp/news/wooly-mammoth-resurrection-cloning-genesis
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Shubin, Neil (24 February 2008) Birds Do It. Bees Do It. Dragons Don’t Need To New York Times
- "Cloning Fact Sheet". Human Genome Project Information.
- Swedin, Eric. "Cloning". CredoReference. Science in the Contemporary World
- Rantala, Milgram, M., Arthur (1999). Cloning: For and Against. Chicago, Illinois: Carus Publishing Company.
- Wakayama S, Kohda T, Obokata H, Tokoro M, Li C, Terashita Y, Mizutani E, Nguyen VT, Kishigami S, Ishino F, Wakayama T (7 March 2013). "Successful serial recloning in the mouse over multiple generations". Cell Stem Cell
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https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_animals_that_have_been_cloned
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https://www.newscientist.com/article/dn4026-worlds-first-cloned-horse-is-born/
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Westhusin, Mark; Lyons, Leslie; Murphy, Keith; Buck, Sandra; Lisa Howe; Rugila, James; Liu, Ling; Pryor, Jane; Kraemer, Duane (February 2002). "Cell biology: A cat cloned by nuclear transplantation"
- Pet kitten cloned for Christmas". BBC. 23 December 2004. Support us on Patreon:
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This week Corry tells the story of actual cyborg Kevin Warwick AKA Captain Cyborg (no really). We also chat about an artist who uses technology to hear colours. Tune in to find out about all the different ways you can upgrade yourself!
References and Further Reading
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kevin_Warwick
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https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamaneurology/fullarticle/784743
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neil_Harbisson
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http://business-review.eu/br-exclusive/br-exclusive-kevin-warwick-in-10-15-years-we-will-have-robots-with-human-size-brains-187977
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https://www.techworld.com/apps-wearables/professor-cyborg-reveals-secrets-of-cybernetic-communication-3659400/
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http://www.kevinwarwick.com/i-cyborg/
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http://www.kevinwarwick.com/project-cyborg-1-0/
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Carvalko, Joseph (2012). The Techno-human Shell-A Jump in the Evolutionary Gap. Sunbury Press.
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http://www.bbc.co.uk/devon/news_features/2005/eyeborg.shtml
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https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/pacemaker-implantation/
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https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/hearing-loss/treatment/
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https://youtu.be/KOJnOCdBr4s
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https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyborg
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In this episode, Corry talks us through the very real science behind the living dead. Not only do we cover zombie pigs, but we’ve also give a step-by-step guide to keeping your dog alive forever! References and a Further Reading 1. https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-019-1099-1
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https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-47960874
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https://youtu.be/K_T8OuYIfhM
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https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2019/04/pig-brains-partially-revived-what-it-means-for-medicine-death-ethics/
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https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007%2Fs11673-013-9450-y
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https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sergei_Brukhonenko
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https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2772257/
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https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/brain-death/
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https://assets.cambridge.org/97805216/80547/excerpt/9780521680547_excerpt.pdf
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https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/are-viruses-alive-2004/
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This week we cover the history of animal astronauts, a tiny squid with an unbelievable super power, and how to survive in space. Listen and find out why we love flinging things off the planet!
References & Further Reading: 1. https://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/station/research/experiments/explorer/Investigation.html?#id=959
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https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Animals_in_space
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https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/01/190107153413.htm
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https://experiment.com/projects/squid-in-space-symbiosis-and-innate-immunity
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http://jeb.biologists.org/content/217/9/1588
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Rexfort, A.; Mutterlose, J. (2006). "Stable isotope records from Sepia officinalis—a key to understanding the ecology of belemnites?" Earth and Planetary Science Letters.
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https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi.ntrs.nasa.gov/19660005052.pdf
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https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2214552419300033
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http://spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=52266
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https://www.montereybayaquarium.org/animal-guide/octopuses-and-kin/hawaiian-bobtail-squid
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https://secure.jbs.elsevierhealth.com/action/getSharedSiteSession?redirect=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cell.com%2Fcurrent-biology%2Fpdf%2FS0960-9822%2808%2901137-8.pdf&rc=0
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https://medium.com/hhmi-science-media/natures-cutest-symbiosis-the-bobtail-squid-583a171d4eb4
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https://ocean.si.edu/ocean-life/invertebrates/bobtail-squid
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In our first episode, Corry tells the story of an Australian scientist that drank a beaker of bacteria just to prove a point! We also discuss how Easter cured stomach ulcers and, of course, what Luke’s therapist has been saying...
**References & Further Reading
- "**In pursuit of diseases that have no name"
2. "The Doctor Who Drank Infectious Broth, Gave Himself an Ulcer, and Solved a Medical Mystery"
3. BarryJ Marshall, J.Robin Warren, UNIDENTIFIED CURVED BACILLI IN THE STOMACH OF PATIENTS WITH GASTRITIS AND PEPTIC ULCERATION, The Lancet
4. "Helicobacter pylori - Chapter 3 - 2016 Yellow Book | Travelers' Health | CDC".
5. Barry, Marshall (2005). "Autobiography". Nobel Foundation.
6. Marshall BJ, Warren JR (June 1984). "Unidentified curved bacilli in the
stomach of patients with gastritis and peptic ulceration". Lancet. 1
7. Konturek JW (December 2003). "Discovery by Jaworski of Helicobacter pylori and its pathogenetic role in peptic ulcer, gastritis and gastric cancer"
8. Steer HW (August 1975). "Ultrastructure of cell migration through the gastric epithelium and its relationship to bacteria"
9. Atwood IV KC (2004). "Bacteria, Ulcers, and Ostracism? H. pylori and the making of a myth"
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