Heredity Podcast: Recent Episodes
Heredity
An official journal of the Genetics Society, Heredity publishes high-quality articles describing original research and theoretical insights in all areas of genetics. Research papers are complimented by News & Commentary articles and reviews, keeping researchers and students abreast of hot topics in the field.
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Gene-drives hold great potential for the control of biological pests, but first they need to be thoroughly tested under appropriate conditions. In this episode we discuss some new work assessing whether mosquito populations in Northern Australia could be used to test a gene-drive targeting malaria mosquitoes.
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Genes are recipes for proteins and proteins do stuff. But if a gene can make more than one protein, how does that affect genetic variation and the possible routes to adaptation? We get an introduction to the topic of adaptive alternative splicing from David Manahan.
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We're in the age of big data, but there remain several hurdles to integrating genomics into conservation science. We hear about these issues from Prof Cock Van Oosterhout, and discuss the potential solutions he outlined in his recent perspectives article for Heredity.
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In this second of our special episodes on the 2024 PopGroup conference, we hear from Mark Kirkpatrick, who gave the plenary talk which was the climactic end to the meeting. Mark tells us why he loves Popgroup, what his conference talk was about and what questions he's excited to dig into next.
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PopGroup is the beloved annual meeting of the Population Genetics group of the Genetics Society. This episode we hear from Mike Richie, lead organiser at this year's host organisation - the University of St Andrews, from plenary speaker Susan Johnston and from student prizewinner Diana Lobo.
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Each year Heredity awards a prize for the best student paper in the journal, this episode Ellen Nikelski, talking about her paper and how it feels to have been the winner in 2023.
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One of the big decisions in planning a genetic study is what kind of sequencing approach to use. This episode we talk to Daria Martchenko and Aaron Shafer (Trent University, Canada), whose paper compares and contrasts whole genomes to RADseq in a study of mountain goat demography and adaptive history.
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We tend to focus on research studies on the podcast, but review papers are a hugely important part of the scientific literature. This week we talk to Frank Hailer, reviews editor, who demonstrates his passion for using genetics in his work and talks about why he loves his job at Heredity.
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Barriers to gene-flow control population connectivity, but what barriers exist in the sea? How similar is the connectivity of island marine organisms to those on land? As with many evolutionary questions, the Galapagos is the perfect place to find answers. Max Hirschfeld and Christine Dudgeon discuss their new work with the Galapagos bullhead shark.
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What is effective population size (Ne), and why is it important? Robin Waples takes us back to the basics of this important evolutionary concept and discusses his new paper, using simulations to demonstrate that Bill Hill's 1972 equation for calculating Ne still works for populations with extreme reproductive patterns.
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Kamolphat Atsawawaranunt and Anna Santure discuss how they have used diverse samples of DNA to trace the introduction history of the common myna from its native range across its invasive distribution in the Pacific.
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In this episode, Richard Bernstein (Institute for Bee Research Hohen Neuendorf) discusses the development of the first genomic prediction model for honey bees. Genomic prediction is well established in the breeding of many commercial species, but wasn’t possible in honey bees until now. Richard fills us in on what genomic prediction actually is, why its useful and why prediction for bees is so tricky.
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In this episode, Prof Thomas Madsen (Deakin University) discusses how a long-term study of an adder population has provided evidence that polyandry and non-random fertilisation can have positive effects on genetic diversity. Thomas argues that factoring in mating dynamics could help to improve conservation genetic analyses.
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In this episode, Anna Hewett discusses how different factors have led to the patterns of homozygosity observed in a population of red deer living on the Scottish Isle of Rum.
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After five years with the journal, James Burgon is leaving the Heredity Podcast. But fear not! Because the podcast is being left in a pair of safe and familiar hands. In this episode we meet our new host: Michael Pointer. Also joining the episode is new Editor-in-Chief Prof. Sara Goodacre.
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Tom Oosting discusses his research on the population demographics of the Australasian snapper, an economically important fish found in the waters around New Zealand. This study combines modern sampling with museum samples collected from pre-colonial Māori middens.
This episode explores the recent Heredity paper: “Mitochondrial genomes reveal mid-Pleistocene population divergence, and post-glacial expansion, in Australasian snapper (Chrysophrys auratus)”
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Every year, Heredity publishes some outstanding student-led papers, and to recognise the quality of this work the journal runs a student paper prize. So, what makes a paper stand out? Find out, as Co-Editor-in-Chief Aurora Ruiz-Herrera joins the podcast to explore the three best student-led papers of 2022.
Find the full Student Prize Longlist Collection here: https://www.nature.com/collections/bvttbjrkyx
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Dr Emiliano Trucchi (Marche Polytechnic University) and Dr Céline Le Bohec (University of Strasbourg; Monaco Scientific Center) discuss the genetic basis of cold adaptation in the emperor penguin. Céline also shares her experience of visiting Antarctica.
This episode explores the recent Heredity paper: “Selection-driven adaptation to the extreme Antarctic environment in the Emperor penguin”
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In this episode, Dr Irene Godoy (University of Nebraska–Lincoln), Dr Jared Decker (University of Missouri) and Prof. Leslie Lyons (University of Missouri) discuss their quest to find the geographical origins of cat domestication.
This episode explores the recent Heredity paper: “Genetics of randomly bred cats support the cradle of cat domestication being in the Near East”
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In this episode, Dr Paul Maier tells us about his research on the landscape genetics of the Yosemite toad, which only inhabits high-altitude meadows in California’s Sierra Nevada Mountains.
This episode explores the recent Heredity paper: “Landscape genetics of a sub-alpine toad: climate change predicted to induce upward range shifts via asymmetrical migration corridors”
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Social interactions play an essential role in the lives of many animals. But how do we disentangle the genetic and non-genetic factors influencing sociality? In this episode, Dr Irene Godoy (Bielefeld University) tells us about her research on sociality in capuchin monkeys.
This episode explores the recent Heredity paper: “Genetic, maternal, and environmental influences on sociality in a pedigreed primate population”
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Can the sleep and activity patterns of fruit flies help us better understand human metabolic disorders? It’s a big question, and one that we are going to touch upon today, as we hear from Dr Pedro Vale, Katy Monteith (University of Edinburgh), and Lucy Anderson. This episode also touches upon the undergraduate research experience, first publications, and the benefits of peer-review.
This episode explores the recent Heredity paper: “Variation in mitochondrial DNA affects locomotor activity and sleep in Drosophila melanogaster”
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On the 20th July, The Genetics Society held a fantastic Garden Party to celebrate the 200th birthday of Gregor Mendel: a man regarded by many as the "father of modern genetics". In this episode we showcase a talk given on the day by Prof. Alison Woollard (University of Oxford) titled: ‘Mendel to Modern Genetics’.
You can find a recording of the full event on the Genetics Society’s YouTube Channel.
You can also find the Heredity Special Issue - Mendel 200th birthday, here.
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The XY sex-determination system of therian mammals has persisted for over 160 million years: but why? In this episode Aurora Ruiz-Herrera (Autonomous University of Barcelona) and Paul Waters (University of New South Wales) discuss the evolution of sex chromosomes and role of meiosis.
This episode explores the recent Heredity paper: “Fragile, unfaithful and persistent Ys—on how meiosis can shape sex chromosome evolution”
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The genetic material locked within museum collections could help us better understand and conserve the world around us. In this episode PhD student Mario Ernst (Natural History Museum, Berlin) and Dr Knud Jønsson (Natural History Museum of Denmark) explain how, as they tell us about their work on a charismatic group of birds: the Asian orioles.
This episode explores the recent Heredity paper: “Utilizing museomics to trace the complex history and species boundaries in an avian-study system of conservation concern”
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Hidden within shark genomes are clues to the evolution of marine biodiversity hotspots. In this episode, Dr Paolo Momigliano (University of Vigo), tells us about his work on the grey reef shark: from fishing in the tropical waters of the Coral Triangle to detailed demographic modelling.
This episode explores the recent Heredity paper: “Genomic insights into the historical and contemporary demographics of the grey reef shark” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-022-00514-4
To find out about the Genetics Society’s art competition for UK primary and secondary schools, visit: https://genetics.org.uk/hap-pea-birthday-mendel/
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In this episode we revisit an inspiring episode that answers the question: why should you publish in Heredity?
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The giant tortoises of the Galápagos archipelago form one of the most iconic evolutionary systems in the world. But is all as it appears? Join Dr Evelyn Jensen (Newcastle University) and discover how museum specimens are reshaping our understanding of this famous radiation.
This episode explores the recent Heredity paper: “A new lineage of Galapagos giant tortoises identified from museum samples” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-022-00510-8
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Barley is one of the world’s oldest and most important cultivated cereal grains. But it’s long history of domestication has resulted in greatly reduced genetic diversity, which isn’t ideal for plant breeding efforts. So, in this episode, Che-Wei Chang and Prof. Karl Schmid (University of Hohenheim) discuss their quest to find useful genetic variation in wild barley relatives.
This episode explores the recent Heredity paper: “Physical geography, isolation by distance and environmental variables shape genomic variation of wild barley (Hordeum vulgare L. ssp. spontaneum) in the Southern Levant” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00494-x
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Every year Heredity publishes some outstanding student-led papers, and to recognise the quality of this work the journal runs a student paper prize. So, what makes a paper stand out? Find out, as we hear from overall winner Dr Allie Graham and 2nd runner-up Johanna Denkena.
Explore the full Student Prize Longlist Collection here: https://www.nature.com/collections/bedbicdicb
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In this episode we explore the 55th Population Genetics Group Meeting. Tune in to get a taste of what this conference has to offer as we hear from organisers, plenary speakers, and student prize winners.
This episode was made in collaboration with Mike Pointer, host of the Abstract Bioscience podcast.
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Inbreeding depression is often considered to be a bad thing, especially in conservation programmes. However, that may not always be the case. In this episode Dr Eugenio López-Cortegano (University of Edinburgh), Dr Eulalia Moreno (Estación Experimental de Zonas Áridas) and Prof. Aurora García-Dorado (Universidad Complutense de Madrid) discuss a surprising benefit of inbreeding in small, endangered populations.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity paper: “Genetic purging in captive endangered ungulates with extremely low effective population sizes” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00473-2
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Join host James Burgon as he shares his highlights from the past year of the Heredity Podcast.
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Join Prof. Anne Yoder (Duke University), Dr Mario dos Reis (Queen Mary University of London) and Dr George Tiley (Duke University) as they discuss their recent work looking at mutation rates in the gray mouse lemur. It’s a story that takes us from a house party to the bleeding edge of genetics research, with a detour through the scandalous sex lives of mouse lemurs.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity paper: “Pedigree-based and phylogenetic methods support surprising patterns of mutation rate and spectrum in the gray mouse lemur” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00446-5
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The Population Genetics Group Meeting comes to Norwich this January (05th – 07th). In fact, it's coming to a lot of places. Tune in to find out how this beloved genetics conference is adapting to the COVID era with online talks, local meetups and “Twitter posters”.
This episode features friend of the podcast Mike Pointer, one of this year’s PopGroup organisers and host of the Abstract Bioscience podcast. PopGroup registration closes on 12th December.
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Can we really understand ancient shifts in oceanic currents by looking at the population genetics of migratory species? Find out in this episode, asDr Jurjan van der Zee (University of Groningen) discusses his search for a warm-water corridor between the Atlantic and Indian oceans in the genomes of green turtles.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity paper: “The population genomic structure of green turtles (Chelonia mydas) suggests a warm-water corridor for tropical marine fauna between the Atlantic and Indian oceans during the last interglacial” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00475-0
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Nile tilapia are the third most important farmed fish worldwide, but the emergence of the Tilapia Lake Virus (TiLV) threatens its sustainable production. In this episode, Dr Agustin Barría (The Roslin Institute) discusses his recent collaboration, where they used a natural outbreak of TiLV to investigate the genetic architecture of disease resistance.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity paper: “A major quantitative trait locus affecting resistance to Tilapia lake virus in farmed Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00447-4
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Red sea bream are an important fish in Japan, for both culinary and cultural reasons. But there’s a problem: transparent fish are appearing in fish farms! Join Dr Eitaro Sawayama (Nihon University) and find out how he uncovered the causative gene for this deformity, and what his work means for red sea bream aquaculture.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity paper: “Identification of the causative gene of a transparent phenotype of juvenile red sea bream Pagrus major” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00448-3
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After more than 150 years, wolves once again roam the Germany countryside! Of course, a lot has changed in that time. Join Anne Jarausch (Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History Museum Frankfurt) as she discusses her recent work looking at the genetics of this ongoing, rapid and natural wolf recolonisation.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity paper: “How the west was won: genetic reconstruction of rapid wolf recolonization into Germany’s anthropogenic landscapes” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00429-6
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Join us as we talk to the newest member of the Heredity editorial board: Prof. Sam Banks (Charles Darwin University). Discover his eclectic research tastes, hear about his recent Heredity paper on Australia’s threatened brush-tailed rabbit-rat, and be inspired by his passion for population genetics and ecology.
This episode discusses the recent Heredity paper: “Population genomics and conservation management of a declining tropical rodent”
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00418-9
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A scourge to many in agriculture, flour beetles in the genus Tribolium may be the best model system you’re not using. Join PhD student Michael Pointer, Prof. Matthew Gage and Dr Lewis Spurgin (University of East Anglia) as they discuss the importance of Tribolium beetles across a remarkable range of research fields… and their great untapped potential as a model system in evolution and ecology.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity review: “Tribolium beetles as a model system in evolution and ecology” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00420-1
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From Antarctic voyages to tropical cloud rainforests, join us as we revisit some of the best fieldwork experiences shared on the Heredity Podcast.
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Join Dr Milan Vrtílek (Czech Academy of Sciences) and Dr Pierre Chuard (Bishop's University) as they venture into the world of maternal effects – a form of inheritance that goes beyond genes. We also discuss the importance of preregistering studies for robust, reproducible science and explore the often-overlooked value in finding negative results.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity article: “The role of maternal effects on offspring performance in familiar and novel environments” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00431-y
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Delve into the complex processes behind biological sex determination with Duminda Dissanayake and Clare Holleley (University of Canberra/CSIRO), and discover what happens when a developing lizard embryo receives conflicting signals.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity paper: “High elevation increases the risk of Y chromosome loss in Alpine skink populations with sex reversal” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00406-z
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There are many ways to break a gene, and that’s not always a bad thing. In this episode Grey Monroe and Pádraic Flood discuss their recent paper on the population genomics of adaptive loss of function, and recount the unexpected origins of their collaboration.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity review article: “The population genomics of adaptive loss of function” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-021-00403-2
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In this episode we revisit the nature vs. nurture debate in one of humanity's closest companions – Dogs! Why do they do the things they do? Are their behaviours hardwired into their DNA? Tune in and listen to Dr Juliane Friedrich, Dr Pamela Wiener and Dr Marie Haskell as they discuss complex genetic behaviour traits in German shepherd dogs and how their research has shaped the way they view their own pets behaviour.
In this episode we explore the Heredity paper: “Genetic dissection of complex behaviour traits in German Shepherd dogs” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-019-0275-2
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Etched into the genomes of the humble house mouse are clues to some of the most important migrations in human history. Join Prof. Hitoshi Suzuki and Dr Naoki Osada (Hokkaido University) as they explain how they used the Eurasian house mouse, Mus musculus, to trace the prehistorical movement of ancient human populations.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity paper: “House mouse Mus musculus dispersal in East Eurasia inferred from 98 newly determined complete mitochondrial genome sequences” https://www.nature.com/articles/s41437-020-00364-y
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In this episode we explore the 54th Population Genetics Group Meeting with two of its organisers: Prof. Andrea Betancourt and Eve Taylor-Cox (University of Liverpool). We also hear from the winner of the best student talk: Gabriela Montejo-Kovacevic (University of Cambridge). Listen now to hear about great new research and the trials of hosting an online conference.
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Why did different sexes evolve? It’s a question as old as biology, but Prof. Dr Elvira Hörandl (University of Göttingen), with the help of biochemist Dr Franz Hadacek, may have discovered an important piece of the answer.
In this episode we explore the recent Heredity review article: “Oxygen, life forms, and the evolution of sexes in multicellular eukaryotes”
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In a bumper episode, filled with editorial expertise and top writing tips, discover why you shouldpublish in Heredity in 2021!
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Join host James Burgon as he shares his highlights from the past year of the Heredity Podcast.
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When Jon Hale, a teacher at Beaulieu Convent School in Jersey, asked himself “how do we inspire the next generation of scientists?”, he came up with an incredibly ambitious plan. It involved a Royal Society Partnership Grant, daffodils, and some of the most cutting-edge genome sequencing technology available. In this episode Jon tells us about his transformative school-based initiative, and two of his students, Daisy (17) and Caitlin (17), explain how they took ownership over their first real research project.
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In this episode we discuss the new Heredity Special Issue, Plant Quantitative Genetics: from Theory into Practice, with guest editors Dr Alison Bentley (CIMMYT) and Dr Lindsey Compton (University of Birmingham). Join us as we delve into the reviews, perspectives and research papers that explore the opportunities and applications of quantitative genetics in a range of plant species, and one paper that asks the question: how can we inspire the next generation of plant scientists?
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For over a century, inbred mice have been at the heart of genetics research. They are undoubtedly one of the most important models in all of biology. But are the mice from inbred lines really as genetically identical as often assumed? Find out in this episode as we hear from Dr Jobran Chebib and Prof. Peter Keightley (University of Edinburgh).
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In September Heredity unveiled the winners of its first ever prize for best student-led paper. In this episode we explore this collection of outstanding research with the help of Emily Baker, The Genetics Society’s postgraduate representative, the overall winner, Donald McKnight, and the Editor-in-Chief of Heredity Prof. Barbara Mable. Tune in to hear some fascinating science and learn some top-tips for writing a prize-winning manuscript.
Explore the full Student Prize Longlist Collection here: https://www.nature.com/collections/iihfghjfei
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Within the Brazilian mangroves resides some of the most unique organisms on Earth: killifish. Specifically, two species within the genus Kryptolebias, which are the only known vertebrates to reproduce through self-fertilisation. What impact does this unusual mating system have on their population genetic structure? Dr Waldir Berbel-Filho ventured into the inhospitable mangroves to discover the answer.
Join Prof. Daniel Blumstein (UCLA) as he discusses his new popular science book The Nature of Fear: Survival Lessons from the Wild. Prof. Blumstein has scoured the animal kingdom in search of better ways for us to live wisely with this primordial emotion and cope with risk. It’s a journey that’s involved diving with giant clams, biking through tiger country, and developing an inordinate fondness for marmots.
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The genetic structure of a population can shape an organism’s ecology and evolution. However, that structure often changes depending on the geographic scale you’re looking at. In this episode Dr Alex Twyford (University of Edinburgh) discusses the complicated genetic structures displayed by an emerging model – the yellow monkey flower, Mimulus guttatus. A proud botanist, Dr Twyford also explores the issue of ‘plant blindness’: the unfortunate tendency of biologists to overlook the research value, and potential, of plant systems.
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Museum collections play a vital role in active research and conservation programmes, and in this episode we’re going to explore a prime example of just how valuable they can be. Join Kyle Ewart (University of Sydney; Australian Museum Research Institute) and Leo Joseph (Australian National Wildlife Collection, CSIRO) as they discuss their recent research on the iconic red-tailed black-cockatoo, and their discovery of a new subspecies that was hidden in plain sight.
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Motivated by a series of mass mortalities, a team of marine biologists voyaged across the Caribbean in search of a poorly understood organism – the vase sponge. Join Dr Sarah Griffiths (Manchester Metropolitan University) and Prof. Donald Behringer (University of Florida) as they discuss the complex population genetic structures they uncovered, and the potential impact of their spongy discoveries on marine conservation and restoration efforts.
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Speciation is often considered unidirectional: a continual process of divergence interrupted only by extinction events. However, this isn’t entirely true. In this episode Dr Jente Ottenburghs (Wageningen University) discusses the curious case of the bean geese: where speciation appears to have stopped and, perhaps, begun to reverse.
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The antagonistic co-evolution that characterises host-parasite relationships is one of the most fascinating interactions in genetics. In this episode, Dr Gilberto Bento discusses one such interaction, the Daphnia–Pasteuria host–parasite system, and the discovery of an alternative route of bacterial infection associated with a novel resistance locus. Dr Bento also talks about his experience of leaving academia to find an alternative career in science.
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In episode five of our editorial series we meet Dr Rui Faria from the Research Center in Biodiversity and Genetic Resources at the University of Porto (Portugal). Dr Faria’s research looks at the role of chromosomal inversions in the generation of biological diversity, focusing on Littorina snails as a model. And, in a more personal inversion, Dr Faria took his first steps behind a scientific journal when he joined the Heredity Editorial team in May 2019: tune in to discover how he made the leap and what he thinks makes a great paper submission.
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The arms race between the highly toxic rough-skinned newts of North America and the garter snakes that prey upon them is a literal textbook example of evolution in action. However, it appears that a piece of the genetic puzzle underpinning this interaction has been overlooked, until now. In this episode, PhD candidate Kerry Gendreau (Virginia Tech) and Dr Michael Hague (University of Montana) discuss their recent work showing that toxin resistance in garter snakes is sex-linked, and the implications this has for a system that is taught to almost every biology student.
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Chimpanzees are humanities closest cousins, and they’re close to disappearing. In this episode we hear from Peter Frandsen (Copenhagen Zoo, University of Copenhagen) and Claudia Fontsere (Barcelona Biomedical Research Park), who are developing new genetic tools to aid in the conservation of this iconic species.
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What impact does the initial size of a population have on an organism’s ability to adapt to its environment? In this episode we investigate this question with Dr Yashraj Chavhan and Prof. Sutirth Dey from the Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) in Pune, India. Their results hold important insights for many aspects of population genetics.
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The world is currently gripped by COVID-19, but could an often overlooked population genetic theory hold one of the keys to defeating it? In this episode we speak to Prof. Michael Lynch (Arizona State University) about a recent Comment he penned with Prof. Jeffrey Jensen, where they considermutational meltdown as a potential SARS-CoV-2 treatment strategy.
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French Polynesia is a South Pacific paradise, and thanks to an eccentric aviculturist it is also host to an interesting evolutionary experiment. In 1937, Eastham Guild released silvereye birds on Tahiti, from where they dispersed to other islands. Now they form the perfect system for testing the roles of drift and selection in rapid morphological divergence. Join Ashley Sendell-Price (University of Oxford) as he discusses his resent research on silvereyes, and stick around for some views on LGBTQ+ communities in STEM at the end.
A Genetics Society Heredity Fieldwork Grant supported Ash’s research, find out more about the scheme here: https://genetics.org.uk/grants/heredity-fieldwork-grant/
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In episode four of our editorial series we meet Dr Giorgio Bertorelle from the University of Ferrara, Italy. An animal population and conservation geneticist, Giorgio is fascinated by the impact human activities have on the evolution of animal genomes.
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Poison dart frogs are an iconic group of tropical animals. But how and when did their spectacular warning colourations evolve? And are they really a signal to predators? In this episode we explore these questions with Diana Rojas and Adam Stow, as they discuss their recent forays into the depths of both Amazonia and modern molecular methods to unravel the evolutionary history of colour diversification in the splash-backed poison frog, Adelphobates galactonotus.
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In episode three of our editorial series we meet forest engineer turned plant geneticist Prof. Dario Grattapaglia. A highly experienced researcher and editor, Dario brings a unique and heavily applied focus to his work. His story and views on publishing are sure to inspire many!
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Every winter population geneticists gather for the Population Genetics Group Meeting. This year, the 53rd meeting took place at the University of Leicester, and with the help of Michael Pointer, a PhD student at the University of East Anglia, we are going to bring you the highlights! From world-renowned researchers to rising stars, settle in and listen to the best of PopGroup 53!
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In episode two of our editorial series, we meet Dr Marc Stift (University of Konstanz). A plant evolutionary geneticist with three years under his belt at Heredity, Marc has also authored five papers in the journal (so far). This gives him valuable perspectives from both sides of the process. What has he learnt? What tips can he give for writing a successful manuscript? And what makes him scientifically tick? Tune in to find out.
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Charles Darwin described it as the most complex mating system in the natural world. Famed statistician Ronald Fisher was fascinated by it. And this episode’s interviewees braved 40 °C heat and caimans to unravel some of its mysteries. What is it? Tristyly — a rare and mysterious plant mating system. Tune in to hear what Dr Nicolay Cunha and Prof. Spencer Barrett learnt about this system from the pickerel weeds of Brazil’s Pantanal.
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Behind the pages of Heredity there lies a group of incredibly dedicated, brilliant scientists—our editors! Who are they? What do they actually do? What kinds of research are they passionate about? What are they looking for in a good manuscript? These are the kinds of questions we are going to explore in a new series of episodes dedicated to these unsung heroes of scientific publishing. First up, we have Dr Alison Bentley, a crop specialist who leads a +40 group of researchers as Head of Genetics and Breeding at NIAB (National Institute of Agricultural Botany).
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In this episode we explore the nature vs. nurture debate in one of humanities closest companions – Dogs! Why do they do the things they do? Are their behaviours hardwired into their DNA? Tune in and listen to Dr Juliane Friedrich, Dr Pamela Wiener and Dr Marie Haskell as they discuss complex genetic behaviour traits in German shepherd dogs, collaborating with the Swedish Armed Forces, and how their research has shaped the way they view their own pets behaviour.
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The annual Population Genetics Group Forum is an important, and much beloved, conference in the fields of genetics and evolution. As registration opens for the 53 meeting of PopGroup (to be held at the University of Leicester, 5th – 8th January 2020), we hear what's in-store from three of the people organising it: Dr Rob Hammond, Dr Richard Badge and PhD student Max John. We then delve into the history of this wonderfully unique conference with three of its longest serving delegates: Prof. John Turner, Prof. Laurence Cook and Prof. John Brookfield.
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Fish farming, or aquaculture, is an important source of animal protein, particularly in developing nations. Unfortunately, aquaculture is highly susceptible to outbreaks of infectious disease. In this episode, Lior David and Roni Tadmor-Levi (The Hebrew University of Jerusalem) discuss their work trying to identify the genetic basis of disease survival in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio) when challenged with the koi herpes virus (Cyprinid herpesvirus 3).
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An essential aspect of life is reproduction, and an essential aspect of reproduction is sex... except when it isn't. While common in invertebrates, asexual reproduction is only seen in around 90 vertebrate species. And in this episode, Dr Susana Freitas (University of Lausanne, Switzerland) explains her work looking at the hybrid origin of parthenogenesis in what may be the best-studied asexual vertebrate—Darevskia lizards.
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Species are often thought of as discreet and separate from one another. However, hybrid zones often form between closely related species, providing the opportunity to test many evolutionary hypotheses. In this episode, we talk to Dr Henrique Batalha-Filho (Universidade Federal da Bahia, Brazil) and Dr Marcos Maldonado-Coelho (Lund University, Sweden) about their work characterising a hybrid zone between two spinetail bird species in the Atlantic rainforests of Brazil... we also hear from the birds themselves.
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The Faroe Islands are a North Atlantic archipelago, famed for being a Viking stronghold. However, for the past few centuries the islands have themselves been besieged by one of the world's greatest invaders: the brown rat. In this episode, Dr Emily Puckett (University of Memphis) and Dr Eyðfinn Magnussen (University of the Faroe Islands) discuss their recent paper looking at the current and historical population genetics of the brown rat. It's a story that takes us from 18th century shipwrecks right into the modern genomic era.
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How do you breed a high-production cow fit for a changing world? It's rare that we discuss the impact of climate change on cattle agriculture, yet it's important to consider how rising temperatures will impact this important part of the global food chain. In today's episode, Prof. Ismo Strandén, Prof. Juha Kantanen and Prof. Michael Bruford discuss a simulation-based approach for identifying optimal breeding strategies. It's an approach that may help produce a productive yet temperature resilient dairy cow by identifying the best way to mix the desirable genomic traits of both commercial and rare breed stocks.
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Collaboration is an essential aspect of modern science, and the authors featured in today's episode epitomise this relationship. In our most ambitions interview to date, all four first authors of a recent Heredity paper come together to discuss their work looking at range expansions in the blacktip reef shark (Carcharhinus melanopterus). Their results provide a cautionary tale for researchers interpreting population genetic data, especially when dealing with potential meta-populations.
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Some like it hot. Some like it cold. But whatever an organism's preference, our changing climate is likely going to force them to adapt to new temperature regimes. This raises a particularly interesting question for those species with complex life-cycles: do different life stages respond to thermal pressures in a similar way? Or do they display distinct evolutionary trends? In this episode we speak to Dr Philip Freda and Zainab Ali about their work looking at stage-specific genotype-by-environment interactions for cold and heat hardiness in Drosophila melanogaster. And beyond the science, Zainab tells us what it feels like to have an undergraduate research experience lead to your first scientific publication.
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Storytelling facilitated both the emergence of the scientific discipline and the evolution of human intelligence. At least, that's what Prof. Enrico Coen argues. A former President of the genetics society, Prof. Coen, from the John Innes Centre, has two articles in the recent Heredity Special issue commemorating 100 years of The Genetics Society. In the first, he creatively recounts the rise of Homo geneticus, and in the second he delves into the history and importance of human storytelling. Tune in to hear a grand tale of genetics and discover how your research could benefit from a little more storytelling.
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We tend to think of science as objective, but as with any human endeavour it is fraught with biases: cognitive, technical, personal and cultural. Interestingly, it turns out that inheritance can also be biased, with the transmission of genes often displaying anything but 'fair' segregation. As the Genetics Society celebrates its centenary, join president Prof. Laurence Hurst as he discusses 100 years of bias in genetics and evolution, how he fell in love with the field (despite poor first impressions), his thoughts on science education, and his hopes for a playful future in the study of genetics and evolution.
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Why do the tropics contain such a diversity of life? In this episode, we explore this question with Matt Orton and Prof. Sarah Adamowicz from the University of Guelph. Listen to them discuss their recent research paper – Is molecular evolution faster in the tropics? – and hear about the challenge it poses to the long standing Evolutionary Speed Hypothesis.
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In this episode we explore the genetic structuring of orchids in the cloud rainforests of Ecuador. While we mainly think of orchids as ornamental houseplants, many wild species are vulnerable to poaching or deforestation. In a recent Heredity paper, Professor José Iriondo (King Juan Carlos University, Madrid) and colleagues investigated the fine-scale genetic structure of an unassuming orchid in a regenerating patch of Ecuadorian rainforest—working in a landscape unlike any other, they have discovered a mysterious population dynamic that so far eludes explanation, but does highlight vital conservation considerations for this iconic family of flowering plants.
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From the days of Darwin and Mendel, studies on colouration have played a vital role in deciphering the mechanisms of natural selection and genetic heredity. While this work has encompassed many species from all branches of the tree of life, a particularly noteworthy one is the incredibly colour diverse grove snail, Cepaea nemoralis. In this special double-whammy episode, we discuss two recent Heredity papers on this unassuming, yet beautiful, little mollusc by Dr Angus Davison (University of Nottingham) and colleagues. The first takes a quantitative approach to determining the colour phenotypes of over 1000 grove snails, while the second investigates the underlying genetics of this colour polymorphism. The insights gleaned from these studies have important implications for how we conduct studies on animal colouration, and also challenge long held assumptions about the evolution and role of supergenes.
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Animal colouration is fascinating! Conspicuously affected by natural selection, an animal's colour pattern can impact many aspects of its life: from how well it can attract a mate to its success at avoiding predation. Of course, they can also be incredibly beautiful. In this episode, we hear from Dr Jake Morris (University College London – UCL) about his recent research investigating the genetic basis of wing patterns in the postman butterfly (Heliconius melpomene): a delicate, visually striking, toxic mimic found across South and Central America.
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How repeatable is evolution? This is one of the biggest questions in modern day biology, and until recently it seemed unanswerable. However, the growing number of known cases of parallel evolution—where two closely related organisms adapt to an environment in the same way—is revealing just how predictable evolution can be. In this episode, Dr Allie Graham (Oregon State University) and Dr Kevin McCracken (University of Miami) share their recent work looking at the convergent molecular adaptation of three species of South American ducks to low oxygen, high altitude environments.
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A fascinating mosaic has recently been discovered in the Mediterranean, and we're not talking about the famous tiled art. Here, we're talking about a genetic mosaic in the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis), which stretches for over 600 km along the North African coast. What led to this incredibly large hybrid zone? Dr Nicolas Bierne from the University of Montpellier explains all in this episode of the Heredity Podcast.
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When we think of Charles Darwin and his theory of natural selection, the mind conjures images of exotic voyages to distant lands. However, in reality, Darwin's theory was more heavily influenced by his observations on the process of domestication, which he made in his own backyard. The evolution of domestic animals still fascinates biologists, and in this episode of the Heredity Podcast Dr Amir Fallahshahroudi discusses his recent research on the genetic basis of domestication in the chicken. This work has focused in on the pattern of gene expression in the pituitary gland, a small organ that lies between the brain and the rest of the body: could this 'master gland' of hormone production also be controlling the development of the 'domestic phenotype'? Tune in and find out.
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While there is little doubt that the grey wolf is one of the world's most iconic species, it is equally true that it is one of the world's most reviled. This later sentiment has seen them extirpated from much of their former habitat. However, in a few places, wolves are making a comeback. In this episode, Sarah Hendricks, Dr Rena M. Schweizer and Prof. Robert Wayne discuss their recent research exploring the genetic history of naturally re-established wolf populations in the US states of Oregon and Washington: their discovery that some of these populations represent a genetic mixing of two distinct ecotypes presents challenges for current conservation policy in the country, and raises the question: what wolf belongs where?
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Every winter, geneticists from around the world brave the unpredictable weather to gather for the annual Population Genetics Group Conference. This year, Oxford Brookes University played host to the 52nd such meeting, and with a delegate list of almost 250 researchers, a programme of 106 talks, and around 41 posters, it proved to be a three day celebration of the latest and greatest research in the field of population genetics. In this episode, we hear from the conference organisers, the renowned plenary speakers, and the student prize winners. So settle in and listen to this Heredity Podcast special on PopGroup 52! Link to conference website: populationgeneticsgroup.org.uk
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With their delicate, trumpet shaped flowers that open to greet the rising sun, the morning glory has long been a horticultural favourite. Unfortunately, the quick growth and hardy nature of these plants has made them a noxious invasive weed in many parts of the world, with particularly damaging impacts on crop agriculture. Here, Dr Diego Alvarado Serrano, from the University of Michigan, discusses his recently published research on the genetic connectivity of the tall morning glory in the Eastern United States, which he and his collaborators hope will help to curtail the spread of both the plant itself and herbicide resistant genes.
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Southern right whales have had a rough few centuries, being brought to the brink of oblivion more than once by the whaling industry. Before that, climatic shifts likely played havoc with their coastal breeding grounds. What impact did these events have on their population genetics and connectivity? These are the questions being tackled by Dr Emma Carroll and Prof. Oscar Gaggiotti. Join them as they discuss their recent attempt to unravel the demographic history of this enigmatic migratory species. (Dr Carroll is currently in the South Atlantic Ocean collecting more data on southern right whales; why not check out their field blog at whalednalab.auckland.ac.nz)
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What makes a beetle red? Or metallic? Or striped? And why display such a diversity of colour patterns within one species? These are the questions being asked by Lynette Strickland, a PhD candidate at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and a Pre-doctoral fellow at the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute. Join us as we discuss her recent research on the genetic and ecological basis of colour polymorphisms in the tortoise beetle, Chelymorpha alternans.
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Europe's 102 million domestic cats were spread across the continent by the Roman Empire. At least, that was the consensus. However, new genetic, archaeological, and archaeozoological evidence suggests that our feline friends were present in Central Europe thousands of years earlier than previously thought. How did they get there? And what does this mean for our understanding of cat domestication? Join us as we talk to three of the authors behind this new fascinating research.
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In this episode we explore a hybrid approach for genotyping one of the most variable parts of the vertebrate genome: the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Join Dr Silvia Fuselli (University of Ferrara) and Dr Rodrigo Baptista (University of Georgia) as they explain their work combining the best aspects of both next and third generation sequencing platforms—an approach that is bringing us ever closer to solving the genome puzzle.
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PhD candidate Shannon Kjeldsen, from James Cook University, discusses the ecology, history, population genomics and conservation of an iconic Australian species: the koala! Exciting things are also happening at Heredity Podcast HQ—the way we bring you the latest and greatest genetics research is about to get a whole lot better!
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This episode is a celebration of the Heredity Special Issue: Evolutionary Consequences of Epigenetic Inheritance. Join us as we talk about the motivation behind the Special Issue with Editor Dr Foteini Spagopoulou. Then, PhD student Erin Macartney discusses the role of paternal epigenetic inheritance—a particular focus of the issue—and Dr Yuan-Ye Zhang explains her experiential work on the evolutionary potential of epigenetic variation. Importantly, this episode also celebrates the achievements of ambitious students. Tune in and find out what we mean!
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This episode of the Heredity Podcast is all about applying new genetics methods to understudied organisms! Join us as we explore a novel metric for evolutionary and conservation genetics with salp expert Dr William Goodall-Copestake (British Antarctic Survey). Then stick around to hear Prof. Brad Shafer and Dr Evan McCartney-Melstad (University of California, Los Angeles) discuss their recent application of genomics tools when revisiting the population genetics of a Californian frog.
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In this month's episode of the Heredity Podcast we are all about the mouth! First, we discuss the genetics underlying molar teeth development and inhibition with French morphometrician Dr Nicolas Navarro. Following this, Brazilian researcher Dr Maria Marta Pastina explains all about an emerging plant breeding method called genomic selection, and how her team is using it to develop more drought tolerate maize crops. Finally, make sure to stick around to the end of the episode to hear a short message directed at you, the listener, and discover how you can be featured on the podcast.
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Welcome to the first episode of the newly revamped Heredity podcast! What is the journal Heredity? How conserved is the molecular basis of spider silk? And what effect does the creation of human-made river barriers have on the genetic diversity of low-mobility fish populations? Tune in to hear discussions with the editors behind the journal and the people behind the research in June's edition of Heredity.
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This month, genetic connectivity in sea fans and chatty fungi
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This month, genetically diverse newts and Bt toxin resistant moths
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This month, how fruit fly genes can influence their social experiences and how birch trees might be taking a leaf out of the bacterial book to fight off toxic metals
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This month, signatures of selection in desert goats and sheep and a new method for monitoring Wolbachia invasion dynamics in mosquitos
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This month, reproduction induced mortality in fruit flies and mapping the gene flow of Singaporean trees
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This month, whole-genome duplication in the last common ancestor of the horseshoe crabs and two exciting new roles for microRNAs
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This month, seafaring pigs and sex changing fish
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This month, there is more than one way to skin a newt, and protein expression changes through speciation in a diving beetle species complex
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This month, domestication before and after – we take a look at how wild boar are reeking havoc across the world, and the origins of starch digestion in domestic dogs
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This month, Asian tiger mosquitos and Dutch house sparrows
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This month, getting to grips with limpet populations and sex determination in Swedish frogs
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This month, the reproductive habits of a fungal disease decimating the chocolate industry, and the genetic constraints on the size of quail eggs
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This month, the genetic diversity of hatchery-reared sea urchins and the mysterious link between face colour and reproductive incompatibility in finches
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This month, how genetics are helping scientists piece together the history of Alaskan cattle, and the impacts of bear predation on wild salmon
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This month, landscape genetics of the American Badger and polygamy uncovered in the mountain pine beetle.
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This month, what aquatic snails can teach us about phenotypic plasticity, and a recent colonisation of the two-banded seabream to the Azores.
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This month, the survival time of copulatory plugs in mice, and population paleogenetics of the extinct New Zealand giant moa.
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This month, the effect of clonality on ageing in a starfish species and how commensalism effects population genetics in rats.
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This month, assessing the risk of bat rabies in the UK and Y-chromosome diversity at the dawn of the surname in Flanders.
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This month, inbreeding depression across a nutritional stress gradient in Drosophila and the genetic components of fitness in escaped farm salmon and their wild counterparts.
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This month, speciation in the presence of gene flow in the European corn borer moth, and a case study of the competitive exclusion principle in a pair of Brazilian, subterranean rodents.
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This month, evolutionary turnover in the genes behind cold acclimation in Drosophila, and an excerpt from the Nature Podcast about an update to the phylogenetic tree of Darwin's finches.
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This month, assessing the genetic stocks of the small-spotted catshark across the Mediterranean Sea.
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This month, the long-range transport of bacteria during Asian sandstorms.
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This month, experimental evolution meets next-generation sequencing and the latest efforts to conserve the Cuban Crocodile.
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This month, we uncover the genome of a sixteenth century Spanish pig and investigate historical agriculture in the Nordic countries.
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This month, evolutionary rates of island colonising tiger snakes and how inbreeding interferes with the heat-shock response in a tropical butterfly.
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This month, telomere length inheritance in king penguins and differentiation at a very small spatial scale in the forest thrush.
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This month, genetic reincarnation in the Eastern Honeybee and a review into the specification of imprints in mammals.
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This month, the evolutionary history of Atlantic eels and the evolution of mutation rate.
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This month, genetic diversity in the MHC class II genes of the koala and divergence with gene flow in the recent chipmunk radiation.
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This month, supergenes and their role in evolution, and what shapes the genetic composition of human Schistosoma mansoni.
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This month, the genetic basis of resistance to bovine tuberculosis and exciting new advances in mammalian tissue regeneration
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This month, male eyespan associated with meiotic drive in wild stalk-eyed flies and a review of non-conflict theories for the evolution of genomic imprinting
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This month, a genome-wide study of European wolves and the curious world of mitochondrial genetics
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This month, bacterial protection against parasitic wasps and the fitness cost of somatic mutation in plants
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This month, the evolution of novelty in conserved genes, and predicting heterosis from genomic data
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This month, the genetics of handedness, and 'escaping' the X chromosome
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This month, the hunt for intrinsic incompatibilities in a hybrid lineage of fish, and the merits of remnant trees in agroecosystems.
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This month, deciphering connectivity patterns in the rock lobster and hunting for pigmentation genes in European crows.
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This month, the future of genome-wide association studies, and the Atlantic salmon's curios sex determination system.
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This month, local adaptation within a hybrid species of sparrow and basal metabolic rate in captive zebra finches.
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This month, tracing the origins of European zoo chimps and new insights into the glacial history of Atlantic salmon.
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This month, we're entering the second century of maize genetics, and searching for drivers of the latitudinal biodiversity gradient.
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This month, the evolution of ant chemosensation and an algorithm that hunts for the underlying causes of disease syndromes - SYMPHONY, an information-theoretic method for gene-gene and gene-environment interaction analysis of disease syndromes - Comparative genomics of chemosensory protein genes reveals rapid evolution and positive selection in ant-specific duplicates
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This month, exploiting interspecific diversity for crop improvement and understanding parental effects in an economically important fish - The influence of parental effects on transcriptomic landscape during early development in brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis, Mitchill) - Exploitation of interspecific diversity for monocot crop improvement
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This month, research into the peppered moth, old and new - The peppered moth and industrial melanism: evolution of a natural selection case study - Linkage map of the peppered moth, Biston betularia (Lepidoptera, Geometridae): a model of industrial melanism
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This month, speedy snail evolution and newborn metabolic profiling: - Rapid, habitat-related evolution of land snail colour morphs on reclaimed land - The heritability of metabolic profiles in newborn twins
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This month, four-eyed dogs, how inbreeding depression evolves and how many wolves gave rise to the dog? - MHC variability supports dog domestication from a large number of wolves: high diversity in Asia - Epigenetics as a new avenue for the role of inbreeding depression in evolutionary ecology - Of dogs and cows: a quasi-artificial selection scenario
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This month, tropical breeding systems: - The pollen dispersal kernel and mating system of an insect-pollinated tropical palm, Oenocarpus bataua - Tropical breeding systems: one and done?
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This month, tracking the 'monoculture effect' in the wild, and the population genetic structure of a rare, post-glacial colonist. - Highest genetic diversity at the northern range limit of the rare orchid Isotria medeoloides - Does genetic diversity limit disease spread in natural host populations?
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