The Confluence: Recent Episodes

Kevin Gavin

The Confluence is 90.5 WESA’s daily news program. Tune in weekdays at 9 a.m. to hear newsmakers and innovators take an in-depth look at stories important to the Pittsburgh region. Find more at wesa.fm.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We speak with Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey about the latest in his Plan for Peace, his administration’s new Office of Equal Protection, and his thoughts about the now-public staffing study of the city’s police force.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The jury has reached a sentencing verdict in the trial of the man who carried out the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting in 2018; we speak to Joe Rockey, the Republican nominee running for Allegheny County Executive; and the city is looking to change how it uses funds from the American Rescue Plan Act.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We speak to Sara Innamorato, the Democratic nominee running for Allegheny County Executive; and we revisit the author of “100 Things to Do in Pittsburgh Before You Die” for an update three years since the pandemic.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: There seems to be slight movement in the budget stalemate, with Senate Republican leaders indicating they might return in August instead of September; local Republicans have nominated Erin Connolly Autenreith to run for the 21st House District seat left vacant by the resignation of Sara Innamorato; and Point Park University’s Board of Trustees has appointed Chris Brussalis as the university’s ninth president.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: CMU is sending a rover the size of a suitcase to the moon, we talk about this and other robotic ventures happening in the region; and where business and development stand in the Strip District.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pennsylvania Senate Republican leaders have decided not to appeal to the state Supreme Court a ruling that the state’s education funding system violates the state constitution. We ask a panel of education experts where the state’s school funding policies could go next.Today’s guests include: Ron Cowell, founder and senior fellow at the Education Policy and Leadership Center; Michael Griffith, senior researcher and policy analyst at the Learning Policy Institute; and Matthew Kelly, assistant professor of education at Pennsylvania State University.The Confluence, where the news comes together, is 90.5 WESA’s daily news program. For those who have enjoyed listening to the show, find more episodes of The Confluence here, or wherever you get your podcasts.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: An Allegheny County Jail inmate died over the weekend while he was awaiting transfer to a state mental health facility; the oldest housing development in the city just received a federal grant to revitalize and develop the property; and the Lenape Nation of Pennsylvania is calling for official recognition from the commonwealth.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A new study looks at how doctors could prevent the over-prescribing of antibiotics for a common childhood illness, sinusitis; the small Pittsburgh suburb of Etna is leading the state with innovative protections for animals; and three exhibits currently showing in Pittsburgh investigate the dangers Black Americans have historically faced while driving across the U.S., and how they have endured.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A third of providers for people with intellectual disabilities have reported closures since the start of the pandemic, largely due to staffing shortages, and many want the state to act on this crisis of care; Pittsburgh Parks Conservancy has brought a cohort of student interns to Frick Park to teach them about forest restoration; and an Indiana County farm is running a trial to see if sunflowers can become a viable crop in Western Pennsylvania.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A Senate bill has been introduced that attempts to legalize recreational marijuana in Pennsylvania; training camp for the Steelers kicks off Wednesday in Latrobe; and a look at how the state is planning to manage $1.2 billion for broadband access across the commonwealth.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A dark money group has pressured state lawmakers to approve school vouchers, which has held up the budget after Gov. Josh Shapiro told Democrats he would line-item veto the program. Following the resignation of Rep. Sara Innamorato, we discuss the balance of power in the state House on our state politics roundtable.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The city hired an outside consultant to assess staffing among the Pittsburgh Police, we hear about the results of that study; the Children’s Museum turns 40 years old, and is celebrating it’s growth and impact; and a look at an investigation into whether new accountability measures at Penn State have tamped down misconduct.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Many consider Pennsylvania’s probation system to be outdated, but the most recent push to fix it is opposed by some civil rights advocates who say this update could make the system worse; Medicaid will now reimburse Pennsylvania providers who practice street medicine, giving medical care to unhoused people in non-clinical settings; and a look at whether poor air quality alerts in the Mon Valley apply to those living further away from the Mon River.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We speak to Lt. Gov. Austin Davis about the delayed state budget, which has been stalled in the legislature, while Davis embarks on a tour of local initiatives to reduce gun violence and address the health of communities; and we speak to a child abuse prevention advocate about where things stand in expanding statute of limitations for survivors of childhood sexual abuse.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We discuss what’s to come in the final phase of the federal trial for the man who carried out the 2018 Pittsburgh synagogue shooting; Pittsburgh City Council is developing a framework for how to use federal dollars to address food insecurity; and an amendment to a state law will allow the city to more easily take control of privately owned, blighted properties.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A jury has found the person responsible for a shooting at the Tree of Life synagogue in 2018 is eligible for the death penalty; and it has been more than five months since a Norfolk Southern train derailed in East Palestine, Ohio — we discuss railroad safety and policy changes on the horizon.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Pennsylvania Commonwealth Court has ruled that autopsy records are public records after a Pittsburgh journalist sued Allegheny County for not making such records available through a Right-to-Know request; a local organization has been awarded $300,000 from the state for the inaugural First Change Trust Fund Program to support at-risk students; and the National Aviary is now home to two Guam Kingfisher chicks who are helping repopulate a species that has become extinct in the wild.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state Attorney General’s office charged five Jehovah’s Witnesses with rape and exploitation of children, and a survivor of sexual abuse is suing the leaders of her former congregation of Jehovah’s Witnesses for allegedly destroying records and ignoring the state’s Child Protective Services Law; we look at the impact of raising the minimum wage as proposals to raise it for county employees and statewide are percolating in the respective legislatures; and a study about how machine learning can identify patients at a high risk for complications after surgery.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We speak with reporters about their coverage of the closing of the downtown Smithfield Shelter, and how some of the residents who relied on this shelter are doing without this option; a look at how a proposed bill could relieve medical debt for some Pennsylvanians; and a live-performance series profiling Braddock resident Mary Carey.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Last week Gov. Josh Shapiro said he will sign the budget after the state Senate sends it to his desk, but with the next Senate session not scheduled until September, it could be a while; the Penguins have been busy during the free-agency period, with the new president of hockey operations Kyle Dubas bringing in several new forwards and shaking up the team's roster; and a conversation with the Pittsburgh Silent Film Society director who’s bringing the medium to local theaters with a festival this fall.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state House has passed a budget after Gov. Josh Shapiro reversed his position on school vouchers, a program many Republicans support. We speak to a roundtable of reporters covering Pennsylvania politics about the latest among state government. Today’s guests include: Marc Levy, who reports on government and politics for the Associated Press; Gillian McGoldrick, reporter covering state government for the Philadelphia Inquirer; and Justin Sweitzer, managing editor with City & State PA.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Allegheny County released the 2022 data of overdose deaths and found a slight decrease in deaths from the previous year; the Transportation Security Administration (TSA) expects summer air travel this year to surpass pre-pandemic levels, we speak to officials of Pittsburgh’s airport about how flights over the latest holiday weekend went; and with the federal Pregnant Workers Fairness Act now in effect, an attorney shares their experience working with pregnant clients.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We speak with the owner of a local childcare center about how their facility operates as a public-private partnership and what gaps need to be addressed in childcare; Pittsburgh is hosting the 2023 National Senior Games, competitions start on Friday; and a look at how low-income residents displaced from their Downtown Pittsburgh apartments last December are faring six months later.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Gov. Josh Shapiro had directed the state Department of Aging to develop a master plan for older adults. We look at what the economics of caring for an aging state population involve, and how the state and county are preparing for the so-called “silver tsunami.”Today’s guests include: Kevin Hancock, special advisor to the Pennsylvania Secretary of Aging; Shannah Tharp Gilliam, deputy director for the Area Agency on Aging in the Allegheny County Department of Human Services; and Nick Pretnar, a postdoctoral scholar studying economics at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Data obtained by the ACLU of Pennsylvania found a disproportionate number of students who received summary citations in Pittsburgh Public Schools during the 2021-2022 school year were Black, a trend advocates and parents are asking the district to change; research from the University of Pennsylvania found taking race into account when assessing the lung health of Black and white patients led to disparities in treatment; and we talk about how a collaborative project among local institutions is commissioning art for “Envisioning A Just Pittsburgh.”

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Enrollment at state university branch campuses for Penn State and University of Pittsburgh has declined, and the trend has been years in the making; the federal government has waived a requirement called an x-waiver, which was required for doctors wanting to prescribe buprenorphine to treat opioid use disorder, potentially widening the pool of clinicians who can prescribe it; and a look at how and why keys to the city are distributed.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: State lawmakers have proposed legislation to give the state oversight of carbon capture wells, taking enforcement out of the hands of federal regulators; local theme and amusement park Kennywood is celebrating its 125th anniversary; and a local entrepreneur has created a smartphone app that seeks to incentivize consumers to shop at Black-owned businesses.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Mayor Ed Gainey joins the show to discuss his Plan for Peace, which aims to address gun violence through a public health perspective, homelessness and what’s ahead this summer.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Pennsylvania House has passed a minimum wage increase for the first time since 2009, but its fate will be decided in the Senate. Also, an update on state budget negotiations. It’s our state politics reporter roundtable. Today’s guests include: Stephen Caruso, capitol reporter for Spotlight PA; Gillian McGoldrick, who covers state government for The Philadelphia Inquirer; and Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Allegheny County Jail Oversight Board has been sued for allegedly violating the Sunshine Act by limiting the public’s access to information about the jail, including deaths, overdoses, and facility conditions; a patient navigator with Planned Parenthood of Western Pennsylvania weighs in on the year that has passed since the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization, overturning Roe v. Wade and leading some states to limit abortion access; and a conversation about the work by Johnstown resident Steve Ditko, who co-created Spider-Man.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A new report from the National Council on Teacher Quality found not all teachers are trained in scientifically proven strategies for teaching children to read; what Duquesne University is doing to educate future teachers about these reading strategies; and a look at why one Pennsylvania Republican is advocating for the removal of a tool that prevents voters from casting ballots in more than one state.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A jury found Robert Bowers guilty on all counts in the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting trial, still leaving in question whether he will receive the death penalty; and a conversation with WQED’s incoming president and CEO, Jason Jedlinksi.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Monday is Juneteenth, and the anniversary of the death of Antwon Rose II, a 17-year-old killed by an East Pittsburgh police officer. We discuss the social justice movement in the city and state in the years since Rose’s death.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: New data released from the U.S. Census reports that Pittsburgh’s population has held steady at about 303,000 people, but a number of suburbs have experienced decline; a look at a special tour Rivers of Steel exploring the contributions of many Black workers at the Carrie Furnaces; and we discuss how Tree Pittsburgh plans to grow as it buys the land it leased in Lawrenceville.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We discuss how much money the state legislature and governor’s office spent on private law firms while litigating the school funding trial; Pittsburgh Regional Transit officially received federal funds for the bus rapid transit project, which will be called the University Line, we get an update on where that stands; and Pennsylvania’s old growth forests–what’s being done to protect them?

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We speak to the mayors of Clairton and Rankin about the work of their communities to exit Act 47, meaning the municipalities have moved out of financial distress; Allegheny County Democrats gathered Saturday for a “unity picnic,” showing solidarity around the party’s nominees ahead of November’s election; and where families can get meals over summer break.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Pennsylvania Department of Education is accepting applications from schools to develop disability-inclusive curriculum for K-12 students; a 6,000 square foot warehouse is slated to open as a food hall in Lawrenceville; and local author Jolene McIlwain just published her debut story collection “Sidle Creek,” with stories set in rural Western Pennsylvania.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:

The state budget is supposed to be approved by the end of the month, challenging Gov. Josh Shapiro to find a compromise between a divided legislature. We also discuss candidates for state attorney general, bipartisan legislation to improve rail safety, and more on our State Politics Roundtable show.

Today’s guests include: Stephen Caruso, capitol reporter for Spotlight PA, Marc Levy, reporter for the Associated Press covering Pennsylvania politics; and Katie Meyer, government editor and reporter for Spotlight PA.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:

Last month, the White House designated Pittsburgh one of five “Workforce Hubs,” citing the region’s innovations in robotics and biomanufacturing. We speak with Petra Mitchell, president and CEO of Catalyst Connection, about what resources Southwestern Pennsylvania already has, and still needs, to fulfill manufacturing needs today and in the future. (0:00 - 8:21)

It’s been 50 years since excavation began at the Meadowcroft Rockshelter, which found traces of nomadic Paleoindians in the region 19,000 years ago. Dr. James Adovasio, who led that initial excavation, tells us about what more has been found in the years since, and how the 50th anniversary will be celebrated the weekend of June 17. (8:28 - 17:08)

In Pittsburgh, neighborhoods are often named for historic people or geographic features. Take Stanton Heights, named for former Secretary of War Edward Stanton, or the Bluff for being a bluff. For our Good Question! series, 90.5 WESA’s Katie Blackley looks into how one uniquely-named community got its name: Fairywood. (17:10 - 22:30)

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Pittsburgh is planning to invest at least $25 million over several years into affordable housing using money from bonds. WESA senior reporter Margaret J. Krauss reports on how the city and development entities hope to use these funds and make long term investments. (0:00 - 6:29)

The U.S Supreme Court is considering several cases who’s effects will be felt here in Pennsylvania, including a case about the right of states to decide how federal elections go, and one about affirmative action. WESA’s legal analyst David Harris weighs in. (6:35 - 14:25)

The Pennsylvania Doula Commission, in partnership with the state’s Department of Health, will offer perinatal certifications so doulas can be reimbursed for providing care to Medicaid patients. This move, according to officials, will expand the reach of these perinatal care providers and improve birth outcomes at a time when maternal mortality in America has been rising. (14:28 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:

Testimony in the federal trial of the 2018 Pittsburgh synagogue shooting continues for another week. We speak with WESA reporter Oliver Morrison about the latest witnesses to testify and what argument the defense is trying to establish. (0:00 - 6:04)

This weekend, the Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra and Pittsburgh Ballet Theatre are collaborating on a series of performances called “Boléro,” based on the music by Maurice Ravel. Kathryn Gigler, acting executive director of the Ballet Theatre, and Mary Persin, vice president of artistic planning at the Pittsburgh Symphony, join us to discuss the collaboration. (6:11 - 15:20)

The sport of baseball has suffered declining audiences in stadiums and television viewers over the years as games have drifted into three-plus hour affairs. However, this season, new rules have been implemented, some meant to push pitchers and batters to move the game along. The Atlantic staff writer Mark Leibovich says perhaps the MLB rule changes will save the game. (15:26 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:

Second Avenue Commons, a low-barrier shelter in Downtown Pittsburgh, opened in November 2022. Since then, it has provided food, shelter and more to those unhoused. We check in with Linda Metropulos, board president for Second Avenue Commons, about the shelter’s progress more than six months since it opened its doors.

Pittsburgh Pride kicked off this weekend with the annual march, and a number of other events. We recap those events and discuss the history of Pride celebration in the region with Jim Sheppard, co-creator of QBurgh, a a news outlet focusing on LGBTQ news in Western PA

Stephanie Flom joined Pittsburgh Arts and Lectures in May 2014 and has been leading the organization as executive director. Flom is retiring this month from the role. We sit down with her to discuss the lectures that have stuck with her, and what she’s planning next.

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The state House has passed two gun control measures, but they still have to make it through the Senate; and the reorganized Basic Education Funding Commission has begun work to make public school funding more equitable. We ask about this and more during our state politics roundtable.

Today’s guests include: Stephen Caruso, capitol reporter for Spotlight PA; John Micek, editor-in-chief at Pennsylvania Capital-Star; and Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor.

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There's a nationwide shortage of certain chemotherapy medications due to supply chain issues. and this scarcity is starting to impact the treatment of Pittsburgh-area cancer patients. WESA health and science reporter Sarah Boden discusses how physicians are navigating this growing public crisis.

The Mon-Fayette Expressway has been in progress for 50 years, and ground is finally being broken on the fourth phase in Jefferson Hills. Ed Blazina, transportation reporter for the Pittsburgh Union Progress, tells us about the long road to Monday’s ceremony.

Pittsburgh’s skyline is full of architectural history. Author Mark Hauser, who has documented antique skyscrapers in his book, “MultiStories,” is taking visitors to the rooftops of four such buildings, and joins us to discuss what makes these monuments memorable.

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The prosecution and defense is set to begin striking jurors from a pool of potential jurors in the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting trial. Testimony is scheduled to start May 30th. We speak with Maggie Feinstein, director of the 10.27 Healing Partnership, about how the Jewish community is preparing for the impact of the recounting of events. (0:00 - 6:01)

Earlier this year, the City of Pittsburgh updated its fees for zoning reviews, and Monday, the Gainey administration announced a cap to those increased fees. We speak to Tim Schooley, reporter for the Pittsburgh Business Times, about the changes, and the response from developers. (6:11 - 11:54)

Investigative journalist and director of the Pittsburgh Institute for Nonprofit Journalism Brittany Hailer has been trying to gain access to the autopsy report of someone who died while in custody at the Allegheny County Jail. We hear from Hailer about why this request made it in front of a panel of Commonwealth Court judges. (11:56 - 18:30)

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The University of Pittsburgh’s National Sports Brain Bank is looking to improve research on the impact of contact sports on all types of athletes. The bank’s director and Pitt assistant professor of pathology Dr. Julia Kofler joins the show to discuss how this research is being collected. (0:00 - 5:55)

The West Penn Hospital is implementing the CenteringPregnancy program for birthing parents in the region. The program brings together birthing parents with similar due dates for group medical appointments. We speak to Allegheny Health Network obstetrician-gynecologist Dr. Grace Ferguson about the program. (6:00 - 12:08)

With spring showers comes fresh produce to the region’s local farmers markets. Pittsburgh director of the Parks and Recreation Department Kathryn Vargas joins us to discuss the recent return of farmers markets to city parks. (12:12 - 18:30)

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SEIU Healthcare Pennsylvania has filed an antitrust complaint against UPMC, claiming the medical system uses anti-competitive practices to suppress wages and prevent employees from advocating for better working conditions. We speak with WESA health and science reporter Sarah Boden about the complaint, and UPMC’s response.

The Pittsburgh 2030 Project has released its 2022 Progress report, documenting how well business partners have reduced carbon emissions by their 2030 deadline. Chris Cieslak, chief operating office and vice president of programs for Green Building Alliance, tells us what efforts are being made, and whether the rate of carbon reduction has slowed as workers return to offices.

The new book “American Deadline” features dispatches from four journalists living in news deserts during the 2020 election. They include Jason Togyer who runs the community news site Tube City Online, but previously worked at the now-defunct McKeesport Daily News. 90.5 WESA’s Bill O’Driscoll spoke to Togyer about the project.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Hiking, kayaking, camping and more! We discuss what to do in the state parks near Pittsburgh, and a panel of experts from the state’s Department of Conservation and Natural Resources shares ways we can get outdoors this summer.

Today’s guests include Joseph Franckiewicz, environmental interpretive technician at the Raccoon Creek and Hillman State Park Complex; Kelsey Hope, assistant park manager at the Laurel Hill State Park Complex, encompassing Kooser, Laurel Hill, and Laurel Ridge State Parks; and Brian Flores, assistant park manager at Moraine and McConnells Mill State Parks.

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Pennsylvania Gov. Josh Shapiro wants to boost funding for a state program that encourages local governments to share public services, like trash pickup. Spotlight PA reporter Min Xian tells us how the Municipal Assistance Program incentivizes service sharing, and the potential impacts of increased funding.

The Pittsburgh Digital Equity Coalition has been soliciting feedback from the community about how to close the digital divide in the next five years. We speak to Kate Ulreich, engagement leader with Pitt Information Technology, about how the University of Pittsburgh, a partner of the coalition, is addressing digital equity.

This week, BikePGH is hosting a number of events to highlight the benefits of cycling and advocate to make transit safer. We speak to Kéya Joseph, director of events at BikePGH, about the organization’s advocacy efforts ahead of National Bike to Work day.

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We review the results of yesterday’s election and look ahead to what they mean for the general election in November. We’re joined by Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor; Kiley Koscinski, WESA’s city government reporter; and WESA reporter Julia Zenkevich.

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The memoir “An Unspeakable Hope,” recounts the life of activist Leon Ford, exploring his upbringing, experience as a survivor of a police shooting, and his subsequent work to promote collaboration between residents and law enforcement. We speak to Ford about his new book. (0:00 - 7:22)

A Carnegie Mellon University-led institute has received a $20 million commitment over five years from the National Science Foundation to support the development of artificial intelligence to help in decision making. We speak with Aarti Singh, a professor in the Machine Learning Department of CMU’s School of Computer Science and director of the AI Institute for Societal Decision Making. (7:25 - 15:06)

Home heating accounts for about 7% of greenhouse gas emissions in Pennsylvania. Now, new federal money and state programs can help people save on their bills and reduce energy use. The state has some of the oldest housing stock in the country. Surveys have found that one in four voters lives in a home that needs a critical repair. StateImpact Pennsylvania’s Rachel McDevitt reports on a program in State College that hopes to set an example for what can be done. (15:12 - 22:30)

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Jury selection for the federal trial of the man charged with carrying out the 2018 Pittsburgh synagogue shooting continues this week. WESA reporter Julia Zenkevich tells us what issues have come up as the court attempts to find 70 potential jurors, a group that will get pared down to 18 total.

Pennsylvania voters go to the polls tomorrow, most to consider which nominee will represent their party in November’s elections. We catch up with Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor, about what races are heating up and garnering the most attention.

The Heinz History Center opened a new exhibit this past weekend about the directory that helped Black people travel safely around the U.S. Samuel W. Black, director of the History Center’s African American Program, explains what Pittsburgh locations make an appearance in “The Negro Motorist Green Book” exhibition.

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We discuss the May 16 primary election and how a special election for a Delaware County seat could determine who holds the majority in the Pa. House, and the committee votes advancing legislation in Harrisburg.

Our panel of political reporters include: Marc Levy, AP reporter covering Pennsylvania politics; Gillian McGoldrick, Harrisburg reporter for the Philadelphia Inquirer; and Justin Sweitzer, senior reporter covering state politics and government for City & State Pennsylvania.

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Despite no mention of the COVID-19 pandemic in his budget address, Gov. Josh Shapiro’s first spending plan includes a number of health-related priorities for the commonwealth, such as increasing appropriations for local health departments, along with funds to address maternal mortality and capitalize on potential future revenue from legalized adult-use marijuana. We speak to Ed Mahon, an investigative reporter with Spotlight PA, about how Shapiro’s budget approaches public health. (0:00-8:50)

Last week, Mayor Ed Gainey nominated Larry Scirotto to be the city’s police chief. City Council still has to approve the former Pittsburgh police assistant chief before he can officially assume the role. WESA reporter Kiley Koscinski sat down with Scirotto to talk about his priorities. (8:50-22:30)

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A newly published study from the RAND Corporation found through a Pittsburgh-based experiment that when legal counsel is provided to defendants at bail hearings, the use of monetary bail and pretrial detention decreased. We speak to the lead author of the study, Shamena Anwar, about the impact of this finding. (0:00 - 8:09) Declining enrollment at the Community College of Allegheny County accelerated during the pandemic; in 2022 the institution had half the students attending in 2010. Emma Folts, higher education reporter with PublicSource, tells us what the consequences of the declining student body could be. (8:12 - 14:55) Former president Harry Truman became a household name in the 1940s as senator and chair of the so-called congressional “Truman Committee,” which investigated wasteful and inefficient spending in the country’s National Defense Program. NPR senior editor Steve Drummond’s new book, “The Watchdog,” explains the committee’s work, its investigation in Pittsburgh, and how it helped Truman rise to prominence and later, the White House. (14:58 - 22:30)

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Pittsburgh Public Schools has hired Jason Rivers as the district’s inaugural director of narrative transformation, conflict resolution and violence prevention. Rivers joins us to explain what kind of programming can be enacted to support violence prevention. (0:00 - 10:17) Local school board elections in Pennsylvania are one of the few where candidates can cross-file, meaning they appear on more than one party’s ballot. Kate Huangpu, government reporter for Spotlight PA, reports that while some prefer the practice, others say it’s confusing to voters. (10:22 - 17:21) Pittsburgh-based poet Kevin Finn has just published a new collection, “Consequence of Dream,” and he discussed it with 90.5 WESA’s Bill O’Driscoll. (17:24 - 22:30)

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Gov. Josh Shapiro signed his first bill last week, requiring insurers to cover the costs of breast cancer screenings for those at high risk of developing the disease. Senate President Pro Tempore Kim Ward (R., Westmoreland), a breast cancer survivor herself, joins the show to discuss the bill she sponsored, and other legislative priorities. (0:00 - 10:35)State legislators want hospital companies to give communities more notice, and resources for care, ahead of reducing services or closing hospitals. We speak to Representatives Jennifer O’Mara, (D., Delaware) and Eddie Day Pashinski (D., Luzerne) about their proposal and intended impacts. (10:40 - 22:30)

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More than three years since the first U.S. shutdowns to address the spread of COVID-19, women are still experiencing strain and haven’t recovered in the same ways as their male counterparts. We speak to business leaders and researchers about what impact they’ve seen on women in the Pennsylvania workforce.Today’s guests include: Melanie Marie Boyer, executive director of the Pittsburgh Metropolitan Area Hispanic Chamber of Commerce; Lily Brown, assistant professor of psychology in psychiatry and director at the Center for the Treatment and Study of Anxiety at the University of Pennsylvania; Denise Rousseau, H.J. Heinz II Professor of Organizational Behavior and Public Policy at Carnegie Mellon University's Heinz College of Information Systems and Public Policy and the Tepper School of Business; and Doris Carson Williams, president of the African American Chamber of Commerce of Western Pennsylvania.

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Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey has nominated Larry Scirotto, a former assistant chief with the city, as the next police chief. We speak to WESA’s Kiley Koscinski about the choice, now that council has to weigh in. (0:00 - 7:14)United Way of Pennsylvania has released its latest report on asset limited, income constrained, employed (ALICE) households. We speak to Alyssa Cholodofsky, chief program and policy author of United Way of Southwestern Pennsylvania, about how Pittsburgh and Southwestern Pennsylvania area residents are reflected in the report. (7:20 - 14:57)Early May is when bees might leave their hives looking for a new home, and the warmer weather drew some of these insects out sooner. Chad Seibel, president of the Laurel Highlands Beekeepers Association, explains best practices if you find yourself near a swarm of the fuzzy fliers. (15:04 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Gov. Josh Shapiro has been in office for 100 days; the former Alcoa plant in New Kensington will be home to a new manufacturing plant backed by former Amazon leader and billionaire Thomas Tull; and the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh’s 2023 list of Best Books for Babies.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Black pregnant women delivering babies are more likely to get tested for drugs when delivering than white women, suggests a new study of a health system in the commonwealth. We speak to Marian Jarlenski, author of the paper and an associate professor of health policy and management at the University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, about this disparity. (0:00 - 6:53) The Pittsburgh Public School board approved using grants to cover the cost of police training for school security guards. We speak to Ghadah Makoshi, an advocacy and policy strategist with the ACLU of Pennsylvania, about the implications of interactions between students and law enforcement. (7:00 - 14:38) The Steelers have completed their 2023 college football draft, picking up Georgia offensive tackle Broderick Jones in the first round. We speak with The Athletic’s Mike DeFabo about the team’s choices. (14:43 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state’s Human Relations Commission released its first whitepaper on the state of Pennsylvania’s affordable housing, which included recommendations on how state and municipal governments can better serve those in need of housing. Adrian Garcia, the director of fair housing and commercial property, discusses the recommendations the report offers. (0:00 - 7:53) A University of Pittsburgh professor received the prestigious Guggenheim Fellowship. Adam Lowenstein will use the grant for his book, which will focus on Jewish horror films and their cultural significance. (7:56 - 14:43) Bill Hillgrove, the play-by-play announcer, remembers his friend Pirates great, National League MVP, and longtime broadcast partner Dick Groat, who died Thursday at the age of 92. (14:52 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pennsylvania House Democrats had their first full week of session since solidifying their majority. We discuss what priorities are on the table. Also, we are less than three weeks from the May primary where voters in Allegheny county will choose their candidate for the November election. Today’s guests include: Katie Meyer, government editor and reporter at Spotlight PA; John Micek, editor-in-chief at Pennsylvania Capital Star; and Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Legislation that would expand discrimination protections for LGBTQ Pennsylvanians has passed a second vote in the House and is expected to face one final vote before being considered by the state Senate. Meanwhile, lawmakers have also introduced new legislation to address hate crimes. We speak with state Rep. Dan Frankel (D - Allegheny) about this package of bills. (0:00 - 8:13) As warm weather returns, so do seasonal bugs, like the invasive spotted lanternflies. We speak to Pennsylvania State University entomologist Kelli Hoover about their return. (8:16 - 14:21) The state of Pennsylvania is the only one in the country to not fund public defense; that responsibility falls to counties. Spotlight PA investigative reporter Danielle Ohl reports Governor Josh Shapiro is proposing $10 million in his budget to fund public defense. (14:25 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Jury selection continues in the capital murder trial of the man accused of shooting and killing 11 worshippers at a Pittsburgh synagogue on October 27, 2018. WESA’s Oliver Morrison reports that so far, no jurors have been selected. (0:00 - 6:01) Property owners in Allegheny County have made 11,660 appeals to their 2023 tax assessments. Rich Lord, managing editor with PublicSource, and Julia Zenkevich, reporter with WESA, explain who is making the appeals and what that will mean for local services. (6:05 - 13:23) We discuss how courtrooms and judges can better help those with autism when they interact with the judicial system. Judge Jennifer McCrady, who sits on the Court of Common Pleas, tells us what accommodations Allegheny County courtrooms have made, and how they’re sharing these tools with courtroom staff. (13:30 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Some are questioning if Pennsylvania’s laws are strong enough to protect the elderly from fraud when they are declared legally incapacitated and appointed a guardian. Angela Couloumbis, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA, tells us what she’s learned about the issue. (0:00 - 6:32) Film Pittsburgh’s annual JFilm Festival kicked off last week. This year’s lineup includes, “The Cure for Hate,” a documentary about a former Holocaust denier, Tony McAleer, who is telling his story to combat extremism and white supremacy. We speak with McAleer ahead of tonight’s film screening, and an in-person discussion with McAleer and director Peter Hutchison. (6:37 - 13:38) University of Pittsburgh alumnus and Olympic-medal winner Herb Douglas passed away Saturday at the age of 101. The Confluence spoke to Douglas in 2019 after a book about his life and legacy entitled “Launched: The Life of Olympian Herb Douglas” was published. We revisit that interview. (13:48 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Allegheny County Controller’s office recommended new standards to the county jail regarding notifying families of death, injury, or illness for incarcerated people. Ankur Sakaria, legal counsel with the Controller’s office, joins us to explain this policy and what it could do for those with loved ones incarcerated. (0:00 - 10:43) Chatham University’s board of trustees voted unanimously to appoint Rhonda Phillips as its 20th president. Phillips is currently dean of the Purdue University Honors College, and joins us to discuss her next role in Pittsburgh. (10:52 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The federal trial of the man charged with carrying out a mass shooting at the Squirrel Hill Tree of Life Synagogue, affecting three congregations in 2018, begins next week. We ask a panel about how the city’s Jewish community is preparing, and what the community can expect as the trial unfolds. Today’s guests include: An-Li Herring, reporter with WESA; Kiley Koscinski, reporter with WESA; Maggie Feinstein, director of the 10.27 Healing Partnership; and David Harris, professor of law at the University of Pittsburgh, and the legal systems advisor and educator for the 10.27 Healing Partnership.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Election irregularities from years ago could cast a shadow on the primary contest for county executive. WESA government and accountability editor Chris Potter shares how the drama in Kennedy Township pitted Allegheny county executive candidates John Weinstein and Dave Fawcett against each other. Also we touch on some endorsements for the county executive race. (0:00 - 7:26) According to a 2022 report from the CDC, almost 1 in 2 women and more than 2 in 5 men in the U.S. have experienced contact sexual violence, physical violence, or stalking victimization by an intimate partner. To provide more resources and support for those facing domestic violence across the country, The Women’s Center & Shelter of Greater Pittsburgh helped launch a multinational smartphone app called Bright Sky. The Center’s CEO and president Nicole Molinaro tells us how an app can give a survivor the information they need. (7:30 - 15:31) Arcade Comedy Theater is putting on an interactive comedy experience for kids ages 4 to 8 years old called “Penny Arcade” this weekend. We catch up with Mike Rubino, director of marketing and Arcade co-founder, about how they can bring young audience members into the show. There will be four performances this weekend. (15:38 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:The American Lung Association’s annual State of the Air report finds particle pollution in the Pittsburgh metro area was worse by 24-hour and year-round measures, compared to 2022’s report. Allegheny County has disputed the findings of this report, noting in a statement that it meets national standards. We speak to Kevin Stewart, the Association’s director of environmental health, about the report. (0:00 - 7:22) The federal death penalty trial for the man charged in the 2018 synagogue shooting begins next week. While court rules will dictate the pattern of those proceedings, survivors of the attack say there’s no guidebook for their healing journeys. 90.5 WESA’s Kiley Koscinski reports. (7:44 - 15:17) Westmoreland County was founded 250 years ago, and to celebrate, the Westmoreland Historical Society opened a new exhibit over the weekend titled, “Westmoreland 250! Telling our Story with 25 Objects.” We speak to Joanna Moyar, collections manager at the Westmoreland Historical Society about the exhibit. (15:30 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Pennsylvania is expected to receive billions of dollars in opioid settlement funds, and most of that money is going to counties and other local governments. 90.5 WESA’s Kate Giammarise and Spotlight PA’s Ed Mahon tell us what the money can – and cannot – be used for, and the concerns people have about transparency. (0:00 - 13:01) Pittsburgh native and influential jazz musician Ahmad Jamal died Sunday at the age of 92. We speak to Nelson Harrison, a longtime friend of Jamal, about his life and legacy. (13:14 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:The nation is experiencing drug shortages for certain medications, which could impact patients in need of antibiotics, cancer treatments, and more. What can customers do when their pharmacies don’t have the drugs they need? We speak to Dr. Rob Maher, who teaches pharmacy management at Duquesne University’s School of Pharmacy and is the pharmacy services director for a local, family-owned chain of pharmacies. (0:00 - 9:11).The death penalty trial begins in a week for the man charged with carrying out the 2018 synagogue shooting in Squirrel Hill. The proceeding is expected to last through July. 90.5 WESA’s An-Li Herring has this report on why it will take so long. (9:16 - 13:51).The Pittsburgh Penguins have fired team leaders: general manager Ron Hextall, president of hockey operations Brian Burke and assistant general manager Chris Pryor. This comes after the team broke its 16-year streak of making the NHL playoffs. We discuss the latest with Rob Rossi, senior writer for The Athletic. (13:56 - 22:30).

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:We discuss the latest in state politics with our panel of reporters. U.S. Sen. Bob Casey has announced he will run for a fourth term but faces locally known contenders; Gov. Josh Shapiro hopes to lure a computer chip or electric vehicle plant to the state; and national conservative figures who have made their way to Pennsylvania. Today’s guests include: Stephen Caruso, Capitol reporter with Spotlight PA; Marc Levy, who covers Pennsylvania politics and government for the Associated Press; and Charles Thompson, who covers state government for PennLive.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:We discuss with PublicSource’s Rich Lord an analysis of police complaints under the first year of the Gainey administration, and how new disciplinary rules could impact how many people come forward with issues. (0:00 - 7:28)The University of Pittsburgh has chosen a new chancellor, the first female leader in the school’s history. We speak with Joan Gabel about her goals, safety and on-campus issues. (7:39 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:When Carnegie Mellon University staff and students arrived at TCS hall in 2020, a new research project had installed mites, devices that collected data, in the university building. This sparked questions about privacy, technology and research. We speak with Tate Ryan-Mosley about where this conversation stands now. (0:00-8:13)Like districts all across the country, a rural Beaver County school district is wrestling with how to respect identity – both religion and gender. Families say their kids deserve to feel safe in school. But others in the community – including a teacher – say being required to use students’ preferred names or pronouns infringes on THEIR rights. And as 90.5 WESA’s Sarah Schneider reports, the small community is debating core identity issues in a public forum. (8:14-15:53)Cherry blossom trees are blooming in North Park! We speak to Barbara Litt, a board member with the Pittsburgh Sakura Project, about where to find the trees and what these delicate blooms symbolize. (15:53-22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:A new analysis finds Black and Hispanic older adults are more likely than their white peers to face cost-related barriers to healthcare when their incomes are just above the poverty level. These people face a Medicaid “cliff,” losing access to supplemental Medicaid insurance. We speak to Eric T. Roberts, co-author of this report, about how this cliff affects these adults’ health outcomes, and how it could be mitigated. (0:00 - 8:21) NPR’s All Things Considered host Mary Louise Kelly has traveled the world covering foreign and domestic affairs, helping others share their stories. In her new book, “It. Goes. So. Fast. The Year of No Do Overs,” she’s sharing her own. She joins us to discuss it. (8:23 - 17:09) Jonathan Tai is a Pittsburgh-based magician who blends magic and storytelling. With his latest production opening this week, 90.5 WESA’s Bill O’Driscoll has this profile. (17:18 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Schools nationwide, including in Pittsburgh, are experiencing dangerous “swatting” incidences, where a caller falsely claims there’s an active shooter situation, drawing real resources. We talk to FBI Assistant Special Agent In-Charge Scott Argiro about how the agency addresses these events. (0:00 - 7:34) Allegheny Partners for Out-of-School Time (APOST) has formed a nonprofit organization to support programs serving children after school and during the summer months. The inaugural executive director, Karen Dreyer, and Leah O’Reilly, a board member of APOST, join us to talk about the new nonprofit’s work. (7:47 - 16:07) Residents in East Palestine, Ohio worry about the health impacts of vinyl chloride exposure after February’s train derailment. Seven workers with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention investigating the incident also reported symptoms. About 10 years ago, Paulsboro, New Jersey faced a similar accident when 24,000 gallons of the carcinogenic gas leaked from a derailed train in November of 2012. WHYY’s Zoë Read reports some residents are still feeling the impacts of the accident a decade later. (16:21 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:April showers bring May flowers, but how does one decide what to plant and when? We ask a panel of gardeners what home-growers should consider about their greenspace as the weather warms. Today’s guests include: Dina Free Blackwell with the Black Urban Gardeners and Farmers of Pittsburgh Co-op; Indira Alcantara, the farm manager with Chatham University’s Eden Hall Campus; Denele Hughson, executive director of Grow Pittsburgh; and Meg Graham, owner and operator of May Apple Gardening and an instructor with Phipps’ ecological gardening and landscape and garden design courses.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Employees at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette have been on strike for six months now, and have been without a new contract for six years. We speak with WESA reporter Jillian Forstadt about how the paper’s owners, Block Communications Inc., could benefit from prolonging the work stoppage further. (0:00 - 7:55) Mitch Swain is leaving the Greater Pittsburgh Arts Council after leading as the inaugural CEO and spending 18 years with the organization. We speak with Swain about his tenure. (7:58 - 17:14) The deadline to file your income taxes is April 18 this year. If you live in Allegheny County, there’s a good chance a private company called Jordan Tax Service will handle your local return. 90.5 WESA’s An-Li Herring reports the 90-year-old firm is popular with municipalities but a source of frustration for some taxpayers. (17:20 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Pennsylvania’s Department of Human Services is reassessing who qualifies for Medicaid benefits, after a pandemic-era policy barred states from taking people off the program. Katie Meyer, government editor/reporter with Spotlight PA, reports advocates are concerned that staffing shortages for caseworkers at the county level may impact those who qualify for benefits. (0:00 - 6:27) The University of Pittsburgh’s library is restoring the work of Charles Henry Pace, one of the first independent Black gospel music publishers who lived in the Hill District. Pace’s daughter, Frances Pace Barnes, and Christopher Lynch, project coordinator at the Center for American Music in the University of Pittsburgh’s library system, join us to discuss Pace’s legacy. We’ll also hear music from a concert honoring Charles and his wife Frankie Pace’s work, performed Saturday, March 25 at the Ebenezer Baptist Church. (6:34 - 18:41) A musician needs strong pipes to play the harmonica. That makes this pocket-size instrument a challenge for people with respiratory conditions, such as emphysema, chronic bronchitis and perhaps eventually long COVID. As 90.5 WESA’s Sarah Boden reports, for some patients, harmonica lessons are just what the doctor ordered. (18:41 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Last week, Mayor Ed Gainey announced the first round of nonprofit organizations whose property taxes are being challenged for not being “purely public charities.” We speak with the mayor about the announcement. We also ask about the latest on the search for the city’s next police chief, and what has been learned from a study on police staffing. The Confluence, where the news comes together, is 90.5 WESA’s daily news program. Tune in Monday to Friday at 9 a.m. to hear newsmakers and innovators take an in-depth look at stories important to the Pittsburgh region. Find more episodes of The Confluence here for wherever you get your podcasts.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:U.S. Steel has tentatively settled with two groups, PennEnvironment and the Clean Air Council, who sued over the impact of the December 2018 Clairton Coke Works fire. We hear more from Reid Frazier, energy reporter at the Allegheny Front. (0:00 - 5:30) A local group is fundraising to help build a center to raise and train service dogs for veterans impacted by traumatic brain injuries and PTSD. Bill Jeffcoat, president of Life Changing Service Dogs for Veterans, and Craig Hodgkins, a veteran with a service dog named Foxy, joins the show to talk about the canines’ work. (5:35 - 14:18) It’s been exactly two months since a train derailment in East Palestine, Ohio released toxic chemicals. Many residents in the small, rural town are trying to get back to their ordinary lives, even as large trucks with toxic waste still drive the roads. 90.5 WESA’s Oliver Morrison went to East Palestine to report on one effort to bring some normalcy back: The school musical. (14:23 - 22:30) The Confluence, where the news comes together, is 90.5 WESA’s daily news program. Tune in Monday to Friday at 9 a.m. to hear newsmakers and innovators take an in-depth look at stories important to the Pittsburgh region. Find more episodes of The Confluence here for wherever you get your podcasts.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Gov. Josh Shapiro is traveling the state drumming up support for his key proposals in his $44 billion budget proposal, but the state treasurer warns the commonwealth could be headed for a fiscal cliff, so lawmakers need to protect rainy day funds. We discuss these issues and more with our roundtable of politics reporters. Today’s guests include: Stephen Caruso, capitol reporter with Spotlight PA; Sam Dunklau, WESA’s capitol bureau chief; Marley Parish, state Senate reporter with the Pennsylvania Capital-Star; and Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Several schools went on lockdown Wednesday morning after receiving reports of an active shooter. After responding, law enforcement said the threats were false. WESA reporter Oliver Morrison gives an update on the threats. (0:00 - 8:15) A water main break over the weekend impacted 4,400 households in the East End. Yesterday, the Pittsburgh Water and Sewer Authority lifted the boil-water advisory it put in place for those homes. Will Pickering, CEO of the PWSA, joins us to discuss what happened, along with the authority’s work to replace lead pipes and update stormwater management. (8:23 - 17:03) For our Good Question, Kid! Series, we ask: how do television shows end up on a screen? We speak with Brad Peroney, director of public and community programming at the Carnegie Science Center to learn how signals get broadcast to eventually be received by our television and displayed for viewing. (17:20 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:NPR’s Rome correspondent Sylvia Poggioli is leaving her post after four decades with the network. We speak with Sylvia about her time as an international correspondent and what has stuck with her most through the years. (0:00 - 9:00) A study from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention published in 2020 found the higher a family’s income, the more likely children and adolescents were to participate in organized sports. We speak with Nelson Cooper IV, executive director of Pittsburgh Hardball Academy. The non-profit organization is working to reduce economic barriers and increase diversity and inclusion in baseball and softball for Pittsburgh youth. (9:06 - 17:33) Many people run on Pittsburgh streets, but what about running all of them? 90.5 WESA’s Katie Blackley spoke with one man who did just that. (17:38 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:The state has ended its contract with a company hired to distribute funding and review applications for mortgage relief. Charlotte Keith, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA, says the state alleges the company, Innovative Emergency Management, Inc., actually denied assistance to some applicants in order to close applications more quickly. (0:00 - 8:47) The Pittsburgh Ballet Theatre’s seventh artistic director has taken the helm. Adam McKinney is PBT’s first artistic director of color, and joins us to discuss his vision for the role. (8:55 - 17:46) Last year, Pennsylvania legalized fentanyl test strips, which allow people who use drugs to detect the powerful synthetic opioid’s presence in the drugs they consume. While advocates lauded the move, they also say it’s not enough because new contaminants have already made their way into drug supplies, and the ability to test for many of those substances isn’t currently available to the average person. As 90.5 WESA’s Jillian Forstadt reports, that lack of access is likely costing lives. (17:54 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Pittsburgh Regional Transit’s Board approved a $28 million contract for the first phase of its Downtown to Oakland Bus Rapid Transit Project. PRT’s Chief Development Officer David Huffaker takes us through what we can expect in the coming years. (0:00 - 9:33) It’s been about a year since the City of Pittsburgh got approval to launch a syringe services program, but a Downtown facility hasn’t yet been up and running as officials envisioned. We talk with WESA’s Kiley Koscinski about the city’s program and where it stands. (9:42 - 17:28) The City of Pittsburgh is full of infrastructure: 1,000 miles of roads, nearly 800 sets of steps, and close to 150 bridges, and much of it is in rough shape. 90.5 WESA’s Margaret J. Krauss reports the job of turning that around falls to a single city office, and it could use some help. (17:40 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:We discuss how the expansion of telehealth, or remote health care services during the lockdown, has increased access to health care. We’re joined by: Dr. Ken Nischal, the medical director of digital health at UPMC Children’s Hospital; Heather Tomko, disability advocate and outreach coordinator at the University of Pittsburgh; and Stephanie Wijkstrom, founder and psychotherapist at The Counseling and Wellness Center of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Allegheny Health Network has named Jim Benedict, formerly the company’s chief operating officer, as its new president. Benedict is credited as being pivotal in the network’s operational turnaround and in helping AHN navigate its response to COVID-19. He joins us to discuss his new role, why health care providers use non-compete clauses, and information security. (0:00 - 9:22)The state Treasurer’s office is supporting legislation that would make it easier for Pennsylvanians to reclaim property that belongs to them. Treasurer Stacy Garrity explains how much property gets forgotten, from uncashed checks to items in abandoned safe deposit boxes. (9:35 - 17:08) TIME magazine recently recognized a suburban Pittsburgh school district for its work to integrate museum design into its newest elementary and middle school. Seneca Valley in Cranberry partnered with the Children’s Museum of Pittsburgh to envision a building that encourages hands-on play and curiosity. (17:19 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:The Pennsylvania Office of Developmental Programs (ODP) has an initiative to utilize up to $40 million in American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) funds to help address gaps in services for residents with autism and intellectual disabilities. We discuss where the gaps are and what additional funding could do with Nancy Murray, senior vice president of Achieva. (0:00 - 9:30) State Sen. Katie Muth wants to mandate automated external defibrillators in school buildings and training for staff in case of sudden cardiac events. We discuss Sen. Muth’s proposed bill, which is currently being considered by the Senate Education Committee. (09:35 - 17:10) This week the Pittsburgh Glass Center group breaks ground on a $15 million expansion of its headquarters, in Friendship. 90.5 WESA’s Bill O’Driscoll has more on the Glass Center’s remarkable growth over the years. (17:22 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:The RAND Corporation recently published a comprehensive report on the nation’s opioid ecosystem. We ask Bradley Stein, director of Rand’s Opioid Policy, Tools, and Information Center (OPTIC) about what conclusions or solutions are put forth, and what can be learned about the crisis in Pennsylvania. (0:00 - 8:36) A Pittsburgh couple questions if an artificial intelligence tool used by Allegheny County’s Department of Human Services played a part in the removal of their baby and deeming their child at risk of harm due to both parents having developmental disabilities. We talk to AP investigative correspondent Sally Ho, who co-reported the piece with Garance Burke, about how this and similar tools are affecting families. (8:46 - 17:13) Workers aged 65 and older experienced some of the greatest job losses in the wake of the pandemic. But since the economy reopened, they’ve shown exceptional resilience — at least in the Pittsburgh area, experiencing some of the fastest job growth locally since 2020. (17:25 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Silicon Valley Bank, which attracted startup founders and venture capitalists in the tech industry, collapsed on March 10. We talk to Dave Mawhinney, executive director of the Swartz Center for Entrepreneurship at Carnegie Mellon University about how tech entrepreneurs can adapt and grow in this financial environment. (0:00 - 8:45) Casa San Jose is celebrating 10 years of serving Pittsburgh’s Latino community. We speak to founding director Sister Janice Vanderneck about the work accomplished, and what more she would like to see. (8:55 - 17:30) Despite the city’s many hills and valleys, Downtown Pittsburgh is pretty flat. But it wasn’t always that way. For our Good Question series, 90.5 WESA’s Katie Blackley reports on the history of Grant’s Hill in the Golden Triangle, and what happened to the so-called “Hump.” (17:34 - 22:30) The Confluence, where the news comes together, is 90.5 WESA’s daily news program. Tune in Monday to Friday at 9 a.m. to hear newsmakers and innovators take an in-depth look at stories important to the Pittsburgh region. Find more episodes of The Confluence here for wherever you get your podcasts.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:We discuss the latest in state politics, including reaction to Governor Shapiro’s proposed budget, the resignation of a state house lawmaker following sexual harassment accusations, and the equitable funding of public education. Today’s guests include: Katie Meyer, government editor and reporter with Spotlight PA; Gillian McGoldrick, Harrisburg reporter for the Philadelphia Inquirer; Marley Parish, who covers the state Senate for the Pennsylvania Capital Star; and Charles Thompson, who covers state government and public policy for Penn-Live.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Norfolk Southern has hired a company to conduct testing of air in residents’ homes near the derailment of the company’s train in East Palestine, Ohio. A ProPublica investigation finds the testing may not be capturing the whole picture of the health and environmental impact from the derailment. Reporter Sharon Lerner tells us what concerns experts and residents still have. (0:00-8:20)The historians at Rivers of Steel, which supports heritage and tourism at the Carrie Blast Furnaces National Historic Landmark, have long known the furnaces’ namesake was likely a family member, but it wasn’t until recently they confirmed Carrie’s identity. Ron Baraff, director of historic resources and facilities at Rivers of Steel, gives us the backstory. (8:20-17:28)As part of our Good Question, Kid! Series, we answer the question: Where do primary colors come from? Clayton Merrell, a professor of art at Carnegie Mellon University tells us about red, yellow and blue, or as he clarifies, “magenta, yellow and cyan.” (17:28-22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Gov. Josh Shapiro’s budget proposal allocates $20 million to counties to boost mental health efforts. We speak with Erin Dalton, Allegheny County’s director of the Department of Human Services about what such support could mean for the county. The county just launched a Behavioral Health Fellows program to help those pursuing careers in behavioral health funds for educational loan repayment, which could help address staffing issues. (0:00 - 7:38) City Theatre has announced its upcoming 2023-2024 season. We discuss with Co-Artistic Director Monteze Freeland the productions, some featuring familiar stories and characters. (7:46 - 16:48) The Environmental Protection Agency and Norfolk Southern have begun testing for dioxins near the site of its train derailment in East Palestine, Ohio. These long-lived chemicals can lead to serious health problems, including cancer, and fears over dioxins have many near the site anxious about their long-term health. (16:59 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:A physical altercation between a striking Pittsburgh Post-Gazette worker and delivery driver for the paper sent one person to the hospital. We ask WESA’s Jillian Forstadt for the latest news on rising tensions between unionized workers still on strike and the paper. (0:00 - 6:55) A joint investigation found nearly 700 people in Pennsylvania have undergone competency proceedings to assess if they’re able to participate in their own defense. But Brittany Hailer from Pittsburgh Institute for Nonprofit Journalism and Danielle Ohl with Spotlight PA report a fractured system means those people, often with mental health issues, may spend more time behind bars than getting help, as the system intended. (7:06 - 17:11) Two Pittsburgh Public School students are headed to a national competition this summer to test their knowledge of African American history and culture. Both spent years preparing to qualify for it, thanks to a local event that’s both a competition and a celebration. (17:22 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The County elections division has released the unofficial list of candidates running in the May primary for county and city offices. We talk to WESA’s government and accountability editor Chris Potter about last minute additions and who is no longer in the running. (0:00 - 9:13) Rates of colorectal cancer are rising among people under the age of 50, which is concerning doctors. We talk to Dr. James McCormick, the Allegheny Health Network Chairperson of the Colon and Rectal Cancer Program and professor of surgery at Drexel University. (9:18 - 17:36) During his nearly 12 years in office, Allegheny County Executive Rich Fitzgerald has largely avoided making any changes to the county’s property tax assessment system. The next county executive will have to decide what’s next for an assessment system with damaged credibility. A joint reporting project by WESA and Public Source asks where county executive candidates stand on the issue. (17:38 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Fridays during the Lenten season means fish fry events at many church parishes and fire halls, and the creation of brackets to decide whose fish is the best, and an online map to help plan your pursuit of this meal. We talk about this springtime ritual, and its origins. Today’s guests include: Rossilynne Culgan, freelance journalist and Things To Do editor at Time Out New York; and David Schorr, creator of “The Codfather” Facebook group.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Allegheny County Jail has surpassed a year of implementing Sublocade injections into its medication-assisted treatment programs. We speak with Dr. Ashley Brinkman, the jail’s health services administrator, about ongoing efforts to reduce opioid overdose related deaths at the facility, and health care staffing following news of the jail medical director’s reassignment. (0:00 - 7:58) Pittsburgh-based chef Nik Forsberg has been nominated as a semi-finalist for Best Chef in the Mid-Atlantic Region by the James Beard Foundation for his work at Fet-Fisk, which hosts pop-up dinners at other locations. We talk with Forsberg about this recognition and plans to open his own brick-and-mortar location. (8:02 - 13:19) Father James R. Cox was a Catholic priest from Pittsburgh who became a nationally known champion of the poor and jobless during the Great Depression. The musical “Shantytown” celebrates his life, and is making its local debut this week with the Pittsburgh Playwrights Theatre Company. (13:23 - 18:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Governor Josh Shapiro announced his first budget yesterday. We talk about his priorities with Sam Dunklau, WESA’s capitol bureau chief, and Stephen Caruso, capitol reporter with Spotlight PA. (0:00 - 10:52) The U.S. Supreme Court is considering whether President Joe Biden exceeded his authority by enacting a student loan forgiveness program. We talk to Laura Perna, professor in the graduate school of education at the University of Pennsylvania and vice provost for faculty, about how student loans affect student outcomes. (10:58 - 18:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:Some voters have submitted recount petitions to question election results, delaying election certifications. Two state judges have now given conflicting rulings on whether there needs to be evidence of fraud for a recount to be requested. Carter Walker, with Votebeat and Spotlight PA, breaks down the reasoning each judge has provided. The latest survey on child care staffing in Pennsylvania finds programs are experiencing significant shortages, which has left thousands of children on waiting lists for child care. Cara Ciminillo, executive director of Trying Together, explains the impacts of staffing shortages in Southwestern Pennsylvania. Lancaster County announced it’s banning the TikTok app on county devices. We ask Sauvik Das, assistant professor at Carnegie Mellon University’s Human-Computer Interaction Institute, about the security risks of using the app.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:A report published today found that opioid overdose deaths in Pennsylvania counties were reduced after University of Pittsburgh researchers implemented new community-focused strategies, coordinating new and existing efforts. We speak with senior author Janice Pringle, who’s a professor of pharmacy and therapeutics and director of the Program Evaluation and Research Unit (PERU) at the Pitt School of Pharmacy. (0:00 - 7:05) The National Hockey League deadline for trades ended Friday. We speak to Rob Rossi, senior writer for The Athletic, about where the Pittsburgh Penguins stand. (7:11 - 14:49) It’s egg-laying season for bald eagles, including those residing along Pittsburgh’s three rivers. Rachel Handel with the Audubon Society of Western Pennsylvania tells us why bald eagles choose certain environments, like areas near a steel plant, to nest. (14:54 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:State legislators have elected democrat Joanna McClinton as speaker, now that special elections to replace three Allegheny County area representatives have concluded. After taking office in Washington, D.C., Senator John Fetterman’s entrance to federal politics has been disrupted by his health. One aide says he may be hospitalized for weeks. This week’s guests include: Marc Levy, who covers Pennsylvania politics and government with the Associated Press; Katie Meyer, government editor and reporter with SpotlightPA; John Micek, editor-in-chief at the Pennsylvania Capital-Star; and Jonathan Tamari, national politics and policy reporter with the Philadelphia Inquirer.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:With the race for a new county executive in full swing, we look at how much money candidates are bringing in and discuss how some Allegheny County officials want to bring the county campaign finance rules in line with federal and city regulations. PublicSource enterprise reporter Charlie Wolfson reports one county councilor has introduced a bill to limit campaign contributions for county candidates.Allegheny County will spend $50 million over five years on violence prevention initiatives. We speak with Richard Garland, executive director of Reimagine Reentry, which will receive funding for interventions where caseworkers visit shooting victims at hospitals to stop retaliatory violence.From new productions of his plays to his restored childhood home, August Wilson’s legacy keeps growing in his hometown of Pittsburgh. Another piece is Wilson’s archive at the University of Pittsburgh, which officially opens this week.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence:A judge has ruled that Pennsylvania’s school funding system is unconstitutional. Maddie Hanna, who covers K-12 education for the Philadelphia Inquirer, reports that looking at other states’ funding systems could offer the commonwealth some ideas for improvement. (0:00 - 6:55) A new restaurant opening in Pittsburgh will employ teenagers impacted by the criminal justice system in 12-month internships. Gene Walker leads Cafe Momentum Pittsburgh as the organization’s executive director. (7:02 - 13:40) The company operating a train that derailed in East Palestine, Ohio has a policy that allows crews to ignore alerts warning of possible issues. ProPublica reporter Topher Sanders looked at whether other freight railroad companies have a similar rule on the books. (13:56 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: After the contents of a train that derailed in East Palestine, Ohio were burned through a controlled release, nearby residents wonder what toxins remain. Allegheny Front’s managing editor and reporter Julie Grant tells us what concerns residents have shared. (0:00 - 8:11) The city of Pittsburgh was awarded funds to study if a section of Route 65, which runs through the North Side, should be altered to reconnect the Chateau and Manchester neighborhoods. LaShawn Burton-Faulk, executive director of the Manchester Citizens Corporation, explains how this could impact residents. (8:15 - 14:15) Actor Wali Jamal stars in the one-person show, “How I Learned What I Learned" at the August Wilson Cultural Center this Friday evening. (14:20 - 22:30)

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Pennsylvania House has passed two measures addressing the statutory window for victims of childhood sexual abuse to file suit; how research into electrical stimulation for stroke victims has helped some patients regain mobility; and the city’s Urban Redevelopment Authority’s Avenues of Hope.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We discuss the anticipated books for 2023, what you might have missed last year and how social media is changing publishing.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Birthing parents and infants can receive therapeutic care post-partum in a new facility in Bloomfield; a court ruling could mean refunds for some new homeowners and lost revenues for school districts, Allegheny County and municipalities.

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The interview with Neil deGrasse Tyson starts at 8:02On today’s episode of The Confluence: Proposed legislation in the state Senate looks to mandate training for medical professionals about Lyme disease, we discuss where things stand currently in diagnosing and treating the illness; and Neil deGrasse Tyson takes our listeners on a trip to the movies and what they get right and wrong about science.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Ahead of the May primary, we discuss the candidates for Allegheny County executive and where the race stands; the University of Pittsburgh’s production of “Seven Guitars” by August Wilson; and artists choose their favorite pieces from the 58th Carnegie International.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A survey of Allegheny County Jail residents found concerns about food and medical care, among other things; the benefit of hiring local workers on projects funded with federal infrastructure dollars; and Pennsylvanians near East Palestine, Ohio, where a train derailed earlier this month, feel left out of aid despite the impact of this incident.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A roundtable of state political reporters dive into this week’s news, such as Shapiro’s pledge to not issue execution warrants and Democrats securing a majority in the state House.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We get an update from a community meeting about the impact of the train derailment in East Palestine, Ohio; a robotic arm called FRIDA uses artificial intelligence to work with humans and create art; and the influence of casino lobbyists on the state Gaming Control Board.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: An update about the shooting outside Pittsburgh Westinghouse, and Mt. Lebanon school district students are leading a push to expand a nondiscrimination policy to protect their LGBTQ+ peers; a CDC report found that the mental well-being of teenage girls is worsening; and a conversation about how the city will offer training to retail and food service workers who encounter people suffering from mental health issues or other crises.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A report from the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives gives a first-of-its-kind look at how guns have been used in crimes from 2017 to 2021; a law professor is hosting a class to explain what residents should expect when the trial for the man charged for carrying out the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting begins in April; and a look into Pittsburgh’s role in aviation history. Today’s guests include: Josh Fleitman, Western Pennsylvania manager for CeaseFirePA; and David Harris, WESA’s legal analyst and law professor with the University of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Urban Redevelopment Authority has approved a program that will give loans to developers who want to buy and rehabilitate affordable units; we look at the life of Bayard Rustin, a Pennsylvania native and Black civil rights activist who mentored Martin Luther King Jr.; and a preview of the Oscar-Nominated short films screenings at the Harris Theater.Today’s guests include: Margaret J. Krauss, senior reporter covering development and transportation for WESA; Jerald Podair, professor of history at Lawrence University; and Kathryn Spitz Cohan, executive director of Film Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: As state legislatures across the country introduce bills that could impact LGBTQ communities, we look at how some organizations are creating safe spaces for LGBTQ people to access physical and mental healthcare.Today’s guests include: Tracy Baton, lead clinician with the Hugh Lane Wellness Foundation; Kathleen McQuillan, outpatient therapist with Persad Center; Dalen Michael, Erie clinical director with Central Outreach Wellness Center; Lisa Pietrusza, family and psychiatric nurse practitioner at Central Outreach Wellness Center; and Sarah Rosso, executive director of the Hugh Lane Wellness Foundation.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A judge has ruled the state system to fund K-12 public schools is unconstitutional; a report from Pittsburghers for Public Transit says unreliable transit service affected every city district last year; and changes to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program benefits mean recipients will get less assistance, starting next month. Today’s guests include: Marley Parish, reporter for the Pennsylvania Capital-Star; and Laura Chu Wiens, executive director of Pittsburghers for Public Transit.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We hear the latest about a shooting where two McKeesport officers were wounded, one fatally, responding to a domestic disturbance Monday afternoon; the results of three special elections, which decide the party that controls the state House; and a look at the impact and rhetoric of President Joe Biden’s second State of the Union address. Today’s guests include: Jillian Forstadt, general assignment reporter for WESA; Chris Potter, government and accountability editor for WESA; and Paul Elliott Johnson, assistant professor of communications at the University of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A new report identifies four systemic root causes for the lack of qualified and diverse teachers in Pennsylvania, and makes suggestions to address the shortage; some educators are concerned about the implications of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence conversation program, and others suggest it could be incorporated into learning; and we answer the good question, why does your mouth make sounds when you sneeze, but a sneeze comes from the nose?Today’s guests include: Laura Boyce, Pennsylvania Executive Director of Teach Plus; Stuart Selber, professor of English and director of Penn State’s Digital English Studio; and Dr. Noel Jabbour, director of the Congenital Ear Center at UPMC Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Allegheny County Health Department is reviewing ongoing efforts to reduce industrial pollution during temperature inversions; we meet Pittsburgh Food Policy Council’s new executive director; and a look at one Pittsburgh-based startup that has prioritized recruiting neurodivergent people. Today’s guests include: Quinn Glabicki, writer and photographer covering climate and environment with PublicSource; and Joanna (Jo) Deming, executive director at Pittsburgh Food Policy Council.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: In his first weeks, Gov. Josh Shapiro has signed a few executive orders, including one that eliminates a required college degree for most state jobs. A panel of political reporters discuss executive orders and action, or inaction, in the very divided state House and beyond to Washington, D.C.Today’s guests include: Marc Levy, Pennsylvania political reporter with the Associated Press; Katie Meyer, government editor and reporter with Spotlight PA; Marley Parish, who covers the state Senate for the Pennsylvania Capital-Star; and Jonathan Tamari, who covers national politics and policy for the Philadelphia Inquirer.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The city is considering whether Allegheny County police officers can assist with staffing patrols downtown, an idea the union representing Pittsburgh police officers opposes; we learn what’s next for Pittsburgh Post-Gazette striking workers after the National Labor Relations Board ruled the paper violated a federal labor law by failing to bargain in good faith with the newsroom’s union; and a new report finds parents who qualify for the Women, Infants and Children (WIC) program say there are barriers to using the program. Today’s guests include: Kiley Koscinski, city government reporter with WESA; Jillian Forstadt, general assignment reporter with WESA; Maggie Livelsberger, policy director with Pennsylvania Partnerships for Children, and Tayler Clemm, mother and community wellness advocate.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: With the announcement of a $50 million pledge from the Pittsburgh Foundation to undertake a new strategic plan focusing on racial equity initiatives, we discuss whether such efforts have historically created a long term impact; anxiety disorders have dominated Pennsylvania’s billion-dollar medical marijuana business, according to an analysis of certifications; and Healthy Start, Inc. has released a comprehensive plan for the county to address inequities for babies and families. Today’s guests include: James Huguley, associate dean for diversity, equity, and inclusion at the University of Pittsburgh’s School of Social Work; Ed Mahon, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA; and Jada Shirriel, chief executive officer of Healthy Start, Inc.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We ask about the implications of the Pittsburgh police again enforcing minor traffic violations, despite a 2021 ordinance to prevent them from doing so; the American Lung Association’s annual State of Tobacco Control report finds Pennsylvania has a long way to go in providing tools for reducing tobacco use and secondhand smoke; and the Pittsburgh Penguins are stumbling heading into the All Star break. Today’s guests include: David Harris, WESA’s legal analyst; Deb Brown, chief mission officer with the American Lung Association; and Rob Rossi, senior writer for The Athletic.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The region is experiencing a shift in power dynamics as new leaders are elected and voters will soon weigh in on who should become the next Allegheny County executive; the local Audubon Society’s annual Christmas Bird Count tallied 20,000 crows over Duquesne University; and a report on conventional drillers finds many aren’t following state regulations to protect public health and the environment.Today’s guests include: Charlie Wolfson, local government reporter with PublicSource; and Brian Shema, operations director for the Audubon Society of Western Pennsylvania.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: More than 30 community organizations received nearly $1 million in Stop the Violence grants, as part of Mayor Ed Gainey’s Pittsburgh Plan for Peace. We ask members from three of those organizations to share what efforts they’re undertaking to reduce violence and promote healthy communities. Today’s guests include: Maureen Anderson, director of programs and operations for Voices Against Violence; Rev. Eileen Smith, executive director of South Pittsburgh Coalition for Peace; and Rev. Eleanor Williams, president of the Northside Partnership Project.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We hear from Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey about his new executive order calling for a review of all tax-exempt properties held by nonprofits; the Urban Redevelopment Authority has announced its new executive director, the first woman and first person of Indian descent to hold the position; and how teenagers feel about spaces that are safe and welcoming for them after school, particularly Downtown.Today’s guests include: Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey and City Solicitor Krysia Kubiak; and Susheela Nemani-Stanger, executive director of the Urban Redevelopment Authority.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Gainey administration has announced a plan to assess the property tax exemptions of nonprofits, including some of the region’s largest employers; advocates want city and county officials to be more compassionate when closing homeless encampments; Downtown business owners are at odds with teenagers who they say the teens are causing problems in the Golden Triangle; and we answer a question about the role of the king piece in chess. Today’s guests include: Kiley Koscinski, city government reporter with WESA; Daniel Vitek, staff attorney with Community Justice Project; and Ashley Lynn Priore, founder and CEO of Queen’s Gambit.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A state program promised to give homeowners some financial relief during the pandemic, but thousands of applicants are waiting, on average, six months for the final stage of approval; and a look at the city’s landslide problem, exacerbated by climate change and lack of preventative measures.Today’s guests include: Charlotte Keith, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA; and Quinn Glabicki, environmental reporter with PublicSource and Rebecca Kiernan, assistant director of sustainability and resilience at Pittsburgh’s Department of City Planning.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Groups of private citizens can now apply to resettle refugees in the United States and we discuss what it takes to help someone escape their country and resettle in a new community; Lunar New Year began Sunday, and we discuss how else to celebrate the holiday in Pittsburgh; and tenants from a downtown apartment are struggling to find affordable housing since their complex was damaged in a fire.Today’s guests include: Ivonne Smith-Tapia, director of refugee and immigrant services at Jewish Family and Community Services; Marian Lien, president of the Organization of Chinese Americans in Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pennsylvania has a new governor, lieutenant governor and speaker of the state House navigating razor thin margins; we discuss the priorities for the coming year and what’s ahead with new leadership. Today’s guests include: Stephen Caruso, Capitol reporter with Spotlight PA; John Micek, editor in chief at Pennsylvania Capital-Star; Chris Potter, government and accountability editor at WESA; and Charles Thompson, government reporter with PennLive.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Gov. Tom Wolf issued a record-breaking number of pardons during his tenure — 2,540 while in office — and we discuss the work being done to offer those who were incarcerated second chances; the Community College of Allegheny County got a funding increase from the county, we talk about what’s on the horizon for the local institution following enrollment decreases; and we answer a listener's question about whose responsibility it is to maintain private roads in the city. Today’s guests include: Sharon Dietrich, litigation director at Community Legal Services, Inc.; and Quintin Bullock, president of the Community College of Allegheny County.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The federal Environmental Protection Agency has proposed reducing the standard for fine particulate matter pollution allowed before a regulatory agency steps in, but some advocates say the standard should be lower; the Mendelssohn Choir of Pittsburgh’s music director is stepping down after seven seasons with the group; and a look at the life of Mary Cardwell Dawson, who founded the National Negro Opera Company here in Pittsburgh.Today’s guests include: Kristina Marusic, reporter with Environmental Health News; and Matthew Mehaffey, the Robert Page Music Director of the Mendelssohn Choir Of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pittsburgh has shown strong growth in the science and technology sector — but a new report indicates to remain competitive, it must overcome workforce challenges; we discuss ‘Revolving Doors,’ a new exhibit at the Holocaust Center of Pittsburgh, which shows Jewish cultural life contrasted with antisemitism across time.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We discuss the physical and mental impacts of giving birth and the “4th Trimester,” new federal legislation that aims to offer protections for birthing parents, and what care these birthing parents need after labor. Today’s guests include: Julanne Bibro-Ruch, behavioral health and wellness specialist at the Midwife Center for Birth & Women's Health; Dr. Yasaswi Kislovskiy, an obstetrician with Allegheny Health Network; Ta’Lor Pinkston, Moving Beyond Depression clinician with Healthy Start; Dr. Pritha Workman, assistant professor of obstetrics, gynecology and reproductive sciences at UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We speak to U.S. Sen. Bob Casey about his recent cancer diagnosis and treatment, and priorities in this session of Congress; and a look at the rising rates of congenital syphilis in Pennsylvania, and what parents can do to reduce the risk to newborn babies.Today’s guests include: U.S. Sen. Bob Casey; and Dr. Kathleen Schwabenbauer, the neonatal intensive care unit medical director at UPMC Magee-Womens hospital.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: It’s been a year since Ed Gainey took office as mayor of Pittsburgh, and in that time he’s taken steps to implement his Plan for Peace, but also has yet to appoint a new police chief; and we turn to an expert in nutritional physiology to answer the question, what is milk made of?Today’s guests include: Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey; and Kevin Harvatine, a professor of nutritional physiology at Pennsylvania State University.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The City of Pittsburgh distributed nearly $1 million in Stop the Violence grants, and the Council President is calling for oversight on the funding; and a conversation with McKeesport native and the state’s first Black lieutenant governor Austin Davis, about his approach to governing.Today’s guests include: Theresa Kail-Smith, Pittsburgh City Council president; and Austin Davis, incoming Lieutenant Governor of Pennsylvania.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The city is appealing the decision of an arbitration panel to reinstate a Pittsburgh police officer who was fired after a civil proceeding found him to have sexually assaulted a colleague; an organization coordinating a volunteer network to deliver food to Pittsburghers is celebrating the passage of a federal bill that would make it easier for organizations to donate food; and a conversation with Pittsburgh Public School District Superintendent Wayne Walters.Today’s guests include: Rich Lord, managing editor of PublicSource; Jennifer England, chief operating officer of 412 Food Rescue; and Wayne Walters, superintendent of Pittsburgh Public Schools.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Allegheny County Executive Rich Fitzgerald reflects on his three terms in office, accomplishments and challenges of his role in the county, and what’s next, since he’s term limited.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A look at some of the Pittsburgh-area individuals who have been indicted for their involvement in the Jan. 6 insurrection at the U.S. Capitol two years ago; and we speak to U.S. Representative Summer Lee, who now represents Beaver and parts of Allegheny and Westmoreland Counties as a member of the 118th Congress. Today’s guests include: Torsten Ove, a reporter for the Pittsburgh Union Progress; and Summer Lee, representative for Congressional District 12.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: One of the city’s oldest public housing developments, Bedford Dwellings, could be overhauled if the city is awarded a federal grant; nearly a year after the collapse of the Fern Hollow Bridge, we discuss the region’s infrastructure needs; and the legacy of Roberto Clemente and his influence on the region. Today’s guests include: Margaret J. Krauss, senior reporter with 90.5 WESA; Jonathan Shimko, past president of the Pittsburgh Section of the American Society of Civil Engineers; and Duane Rieder, founder and executive director of the Clemente Museum.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: City Council has approved a $825 million budget, allocating money for two police training classes and a new food justice fund; a new bookstore in Greenfield is sourcing children and young adult stories that represent all kinds of people and backgrounds; a preview of Kevin Gavin’s 46th annual, all-request Holiday Christmas Show; and a look at the risk of financial abuse and exploitation faced by people with dementia.Today’s guests include: Kiley Koscinski, city government reporter with WESA; Elsie Campbell, co-founder and education specialist for Stories Like Me; and Kevin Gavin, host of the Confluence.

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WESA’s the Confluence spoke with Hall of Famer Franco Harris on Monday, just days before his death. The Steeler running back reflected with WESA’s Kevin Gavin on his time with the team and his career-defining play.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Franco Harris died last night at age 72, just before the 50th anniversary Friday of his amazing catch, dubbed the 'Immaculate Reception.' We spoke to Harris earlier this week about the commemoration of the catch, which was a turning point for the Steelers being considered a championship-caliber team. Today’s guests include: Steelers Hall-of-Famer Franco Harris.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Earlier this month, Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey proposed changes to split the city’s art commission into two bodies, one for structure designs and landscapes and one for public art, we discuss what these changes mean, and the history of the commission; the Women’s Law Project helps minors seeking judicial bypass in Pennsylvania, and since the Dobbs decision, they’re calling on increased communication to better inform minors of their rights. Today’s guests include: Bill O’Driscoll, WESA arts and culture reporter; Christine Castro, an attorney with the Women’s Law Project.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A new initiative, Caring Connections for YOUth, launched with the intention of addressing youth violence and reducing youth arrests through a 24-hour centralized intake center; a conversation with retiring Congressman Mike Doyle; and a look at how financial mismanagement can be an early sign of dementia. Today’s guests include: Kathi Elliott, CEO of Gwen’s Girls, and Kim Berkeley Clark, President Judge of the Fifth Judicial District Allegheny County Court of Common Pleas; and Mike Doyle, retiring Pittsburgh-area U.S. Representative.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: After a contentious election in November, Pennsylvania Democrats came out in control of the state House, but with three seats now vacant, the balance of power is in question. We discuss this developing story, look back on the year and discuss what’s to come. Today’s guests include: Chris Potter, government and accountability editor with WESA; Stephen Caruso, Capitol reporter with Spotlight PA; and Marc Levy, reporter with the Associated Press.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System is holding a town hall event tomorrow to answer questions regarding toxic exposure during military service and benefits veterans are entitled to under a federal legislation signed by President Joe Biden earlier this year; the University of Pittsburgh’s volleyball team is playing in the NCAA Final Four for the second straight year, making school history. Today’s guests include: Tim Martin, chief veterans affairs officer at Allegheny County Veteran Services; Dan Fisher, coach of the University of Pittsburgh’s Volleyball Team, and Chiamaka Nwokolo, captain of Pitt’s Volleyball Team.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The organization designated to apply to run the Whole Homes Repair Program in Allegheny County says the funding will be monumental in helping low- and moderate-income homeowners make repairs and upgrades; a research report from the Center for Rural Pennsylvania found rural regions of the state are more likely to have sub-quality housing due to a lack of infrastructure and consistent policies enforcing maintenance; and a look at how some organizations are trying to build the pipeline of employees to maintain autonomous trucks.Today’s guests include: Dan Sullivan, housing stabilization program manager with Action Housing; and Ying Yang, professor of sociology at Shippensburg University.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We hear about the takeaways from last week’s Psychostimulant Symposium hosted by the state’s Department of Drug and Alcohol Programs and what role the department will take in addressing drugs like methamphetamines; and since 2018, the state’s Department of Corrections has given incarcerated people scans of mail instead of the physical correspondence, but some advocates say the policy takes away connection to loved ones. Today’s guests include: Jennifer Smith, secretary of the state Department of Drug and Alcohol Programs; and Wanda Bertram, communications strategist with Prison Policy Initiative.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state’s Independent Regulatory Review Commission has approved new definitions of sex, religious creed, and race, but some argue the new definitions should have been created by the legislature; Pittsburgh’s Citizen Police Review Board has received the fewest number of complaints thus far this year compared to the 25 years the board has been in place, according to the board’s executive director; and a look at the ongoing issues incarcerated people are having at Allegheny County Jail when it comes to accessing reading materials.Today’s guests include: Mark Scolforo, reporter for the Associated Press; and Elizabeth Pittinger, executive director of the city’s Citizen Police Review Board.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The latest version of A+ School’s annual report on Pittsburgh Public Schools assesses if the local education system is achieving equity, from funding to discipline to opportunity; the University of Pittsburgh has a new director of diversity, equity, inclusion and belonging for its Division of Philanthropic and Alumni Engagement; and a look at the history and impact of Pennsylvania’s 30-year-old Children’s Health Insurance program. Today’s guests include: James Fogarty, executive director of A+ Schools; and Dan’Talisha Deans, a director of development of diversity, equity, inclusion and belonging at the University of Pittsburgh’s Division of Philanthropic and Alumni Engagement.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Gov. Tom Wolf’s Office of General Counsel has spend hundreds of thousands of dollars on private law firms, without disclosing the cases nor policy work being done by such firms; the late Democratic State Rep. Tony DeLuca’s seat will soon be filled by a special election, and without a primary, party nominees will be chosen by the respective committees with Democrats voting this weekend; and a look at the document detailing the sale of roughly 150,000 acres, including Pittsburgh, from indigenous tribes.Today’s guests include: Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor; Angela Couloumbis, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA; and R. Steven Landes, circuit court clerk for Augusta County, Virginia.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Election results are finally certified, but there are lingering questions about how some voters ballots weren’t counted, despite sending them in on time, and a look at petitions that held up the certification process in three counties; the federal Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act could bring in significant opportunities for the state to expand broadband access; and we visit a volunteer-run farm in Perry South that was started by Somali Bantu refugees.Today’s guests include: Carter Walker, voting and elections reporter for Votebeat and Spotlight PA; and Stephen Herzenberg, executive director of Pennsylvania’s Keystone Research Center.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: State environmental regulators held a vote to limit some oil and gas well emissions in order to meet a federal deadline and avoid sanctions; a new skill building and job training program based in Oakland has finished working with it’s first cohort of fellows and begun recruitment for the next; and the Pittsburgh Ballet Theatre is offering sensory-friendly performances of it’s holiday classic, ‘The Nutcracker.’Today’s guests include: Rachel McDevitt, reporter for StateImpact Pennsylvania at WITF; Lindsay Powell, workforce strategies director at InnovatePGH; and Kathryn Gigler, acting executive director of the Pittsburgh Ballet Theatre.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We talk about parental involvement in education, the many ways it can be achieved, and what schools do to better connect with parents.Today’s guests include: James Fogarty, executive director of A+ Schools; Tammy Hughes, a licensed psychologist, certified school psychologist and professor at Duquesne University; Khamil Bailey, a parent and member of Black Women for a Better Education; Kellie Weiss-Strausburg, a parent and fundraising chair for the South Fayette School District Parent Teacher Association; and Elise Foley, parent and co-president of the South Park Elementary Center Parent Teacher Organization.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Allegheny Regional Asset District board has approved a record $126.5 million budget for next year, much of which will be distributed to libraries, arts, parks and other organizations; and we get a preview of what events and entertainment residents can enjoy for the holiday season. Today’s guests include: Daniel Griffin, vice-chair of the Allegheny Regional Asset District board; and Bobby Cherry, creator of the “It’s Christmas 365” blog.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Advocates argue that Mayor Ed Gainey’s budget proposal allocating funds from a parks tax to purchase trucks, tractors, and other vehicles isn’t the tax’s intended purpose; in a report from University of Pittsburgh’s School of Social Work, many Black families said they struggle to find a school environment that fulfills social needs and academically challenges their students; and a look at how the National Aviary is implementing special glass to protect birds in and outside of the building. Today’s guests include: Kiley Koscinski, city government reporter with WESA; Esther Mellinger Stief, executive director of the Crossroads Foundation, and Anthony Williams, head of school at The Neighborhood Academy; and Robert Mulvihill, ornithologist at The National Aviary.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Local officials blame city violence on an influx of guns, but advocates say guns acquired illegally, stolen or bought through straw purchases are a big part of the problem; the position of Allegheny County Executive is up for election in 2023 — whoever wins the seat will have control over a number of critical issues, such as tax assessments and air quality; and a look at how Black farmers are turning to urban agriculture to support the community.Today’s guests include: Jonathan D. Silver, reporter with the Tribune-Review; and Charlie Wolfson, local government reporter with PublicSource.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pennsylvania judges are now allowed to dismiss charges against defendants who would not be deemed competent to participate in their own trial, but there are still some flaws; a new book chronicles the rise of the Kaufmann family, which owned the department store of the same name in Pittsburgh; and outgoing Congressman Conor Lamb talks about what's next for him after his term ends in January. Today’s guests include: Danielle Ohl, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA; Laura Malt Schneiderman and Marylynne Pitz, co-authors of “Kaufmann's: The Family that Built Pittsburgh's Famed Department Store.”

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: With air travel passengers consistently rising compared to 2021, we speak to the Allegheny Airport Authority about what to anticipate with holiday travel; the Democrats will hold the state House by a slim majority, but have to get through the first few months of 2023 with vacant seats; and a conversation with acclaimed theater and television director Sheldon Epps, who graduated from Carnegie Mellon 50 years ago and has a new memoir.Today’s guests include: Christina Cassotis, CEO of the Allegheny Airport Authority; and Stephen Caruso, Capitol reporter for Spotlight PA.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: With a new governor and state representatives, we discuss what business leaders are hoping legislators prioritize in the coming session; food costs have been rising over the last year, and we check in with the Greater Pittsburgh Community Food Bank about how they’re supplying families for the holidays; and a regional startup funder gives their take on how businesses will fare in the current economic downturn. Today’s guests include: Matt Smith, president of the Greater Pittsburgh Chamber of Commerce; and Chris West, director of community connections at the Greater Pittsburgh Community Food Bank.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pittsburgh Public Schools has put forth a preliminary budget for 2023 to its board, totaling $675 million, a slight increase from the current year’s budget; the Boys & Girls Clubs of Western Pennsylvania has a new president and CEO who is coming to the organization from the Pittsburgh Downtown Partnership; and a look at how low-income neighborhoods can improve without losing residents. Today’s guests include: Sarah Schneider, education reporter for WESA; and Chris Watts, president and CEO with the Boys & Girls Club of Western Pennsylvania.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Shell ethane cracker plant is now in operation, but some are concerned about it’s environmental impact; we speak to the lead designer behind the Tree of Life synagogue’s renovation and expansion; and a conversation with a high school math and computer science teacher who’s one of five educators nationwide being honored for their work.Today’s guests include: Reid Frazier, energy reporter at The Allegheny Front; Daniel Libeskind, architect and lead designer for the renovation of the Tree of Life Synagogue; and Kevin Gallagher, a teacher at Keystone Oaks High School.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We break down what’s in Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey’s $822 million fiscal plan, which he presented to city council earlier this week; the Pennsylvania Department of Health is disciplining a doctor for violating rules of the state medical marijuana program — what this shows the public about the program; and a company looking to build a manufacturing plant for alternatives to plastic straws and utensils considers Pittsburgh versus Austin. Today’s guests include: Kiley Koscinski, WESA city government reporter; Ed Mahon, investigative reporter Spotlight PA.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Allegheny County Jail is implementing a new health care program for incarcerated people, we discuss how will this improve access in a facility that’s seen five inmate deaths this year; a look at voter turnout this midterm election; and how one company is trying to build a manufacturing plant for plastic alternatives in the region. Today’s guests include: Dr. Ashley Brinkman, health systems administrator at the Allegheny County Jail; and Kadida Kenner, chief executive officer of the New Pennsylvania Project.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We speak to retiring U.S. Sen. Pat Toomey about his time in office; control of the state House of Representatives could flip to be held by Democrats; and a look at a library expanding services after cutting back in the midst of the pandemic. Today’s guests include: U.S. Sen. Pat Toomey; and Sam Dunklau, WESA capitol bureau chief.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A decade ago, Leon Ford was injured in a police shooting, and he’s since turned his attention to reducing community trauma and gun violence; Pittsburgh Regional Transit has broken ground on its long-awaited bus rapid transit project; and we remember the work by housing advocate Celeste Scott.Today’s guests include: Leon Ford, co-founder of The Hear Foundation; David Huffaker, chief development officer at Pittsburgh Regional Transit; and Crystal Jennings-Rivera, stewardship and engagement manager at City of Bridges Community Land Trust.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We review the results of Tuesday’s election and what issues will continue to play out following this contentious midterm. Final results are continuing to come in for state House races across the commonwealth, and Democrats could possibly flip that chamber. Today’s guests include: Chris Potter, government and accountability reporter with WESA; An-Li Herring, reporter with WESA; Kiley Koscinski, city government reporter with WESA; Oliver Morrison, reporter with WESA; and Stephen Caruso, capitol reporter with Spotlight PA.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We look at the funding sources behind the candidates running in today’s election; the latest voter registration numbers and what that means for candidates looking to gain an edge in tight races; and a look at what’s ahead for the film industry in Pittsburgh.Today’s guests include: Chris Borick, director of the Muhlenberg College Institute of Public Opinion; Nick Field, correspondent for Pennsylvania Capital-Star and Decision Desk HQ; and Dawn Keezer, director of the Pittsburgh Film Office.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We discuss what the ACLU has heard thus far from it’s Election Protection Hotline as it resolves issues from voters, and what voters’ rights are at the polls; skeptics of election security have turned their sights on ballot drop boxes, and some counties have greatly reduced the number of boxes available; and we look at the potential impact of fentanyl strips being decriminalized.Today’s guests include: Vic Walczak, legal director of the ACLU of Pennsylvania; Aaron Mendelson, reporter with the Center for Public Integrity; and Alice Bell, Overdose Prevention Project coordinator at Prevention Point Pittsburgh.

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On today’s special episode of The Confluence: We bring together a roundtable of Pennsylvania political reporters just before election day to discuss the gubernatorial and U.S. Senate campaigns, as well as other consequential races. Today’s guests include: Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor; Stephen Caruso, capitol reporter at SpotlightPA; Katie Meyer, government editor and reporter at SpotlightPA: and Jonathan Tamari, national political reporter at the Philadelphia Inquirer.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state Supreme Court has ruled undated mail-in or absentee ballots that don’t have accurate, handwritten dates on return envelopes should be separated and not counted; a new program is accepting applications from single parents who want to pursue higher education in the region’s first Wayfinders cohort; and we answer the good question, why do parrots talk?Today’s guests include: Sam Dunklau, WESA’s capitol bureau chief; Diamonte Walker, CEO of Pittsburgh Scholar House; and Christa Gaus, senior manager of animal programs at the National Aviary.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state legislature is about to end another session without voting to enact a gift ban; a new study finds Black veterans seeking treatment for COVID-19 at Veterans Affairs Medical Centers were less likely to receive evidence-based treatments than white veterans; and a conversation with U.S. Senate candidate John Fetterman. Today’s guests include: Angela Couloumbis, investigative reporter with SpotlightPA; and Dr. Florian Mayr, an assistant professor of critical care medicine at the University of Pittsburgh’s School of Medicine.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state legislature is about to end another session without voting to enact a gift ban; a new study finds Black veterans seeking treatment for COVID-19 at Veterans Affairs Medical Centers were less likely to receive evidence-based treatments than white veterans; and a conversation with U.S. Senate candidate John Fetterman. Today’s guests include: Angela Couloumbis, investigative reporter with SpotlightPA; and Dr. Florian Mayr, an assistant professor of critical care medicine at the University of Pittsburgh’s School of Medicine.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Mayor Ed Gainey on the shooting at a funeral in Brighton Heights and what the city is doing to address gun violence; we discuss what’s left to learn now that the county’s police review board now has enough members to start working, a year and half after it was created; and a judge ruled against a petitioners looking to annex the borough of Wilkinsburg into Pittsburgh, we find out what was in the judge’s ruling. Today’s guests include: Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey; Charlie Wolfson, reporter with PublicSource covering local government; and Kiley Koscinski, WESA’s city government reporter.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Mayor Ed Gainey on the shooting at a funeral in Brighton Heights and what the city is doing to address gun violence; we discuss what’s left to learn now that the county’s police review board now has enough members to start working, a year and half after it was created; and a judge ruled against a petitioners looking to annex the borough of Wilkinsburg into Pittsburgh, we find out what was in the judge’s ruling. Today’s guests include: Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey; Charlie Wolfson, reporter with PublicSource covering local government; and Kiley Koscinski, WESA’s city government reporter.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Six people were injured in a shooting at a funeral Friday in Brighton Heights, but police say they’ve arrested two people suspected of being involved; what’s next for autonomous driving research at a Pittsburgh university now that Argo AI has folded; and how UPMC Children’s Hospital is responding to respiratory diseases on the rise and a surge in emergency room patients.Today’s guests include: Jillian Forstadt, WESA reporter; Matthew Johnson-Roberson, director of the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University; and Dr. Ray Pitetti, director of the Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine at UPMC Children’s Hospital.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Six people were injured in a shooting at a funeral Friday in Brighton Heights, but police say they’ve arrested two people suspected of being involved; what’s next for autonomous driving research at a Pittsburgh university now that Argo AI has folded; and how UPMC Children’s Hospital is responding to respiratory diseases on the rise and a surge in emergency room patients.Today’s guests include: Jillian Forstadt, WESA reporter; Matthew Johnson-Roberson, director of the Robotics Institute at Carnegie Mellon University; and Dr. Ray Pitetti, director of the Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine at UPMC Children’s Hospital.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The trial for the accused shooter in the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting has been set for April; a newly released documentary film includes the stories and memories of survivors and those whose lives were lost in the 2018 antisemitic attack; and we revisit our 2020 interview with Judah Samet, a member of the Jewish community who narrowly escaped the attack, and passed away last month. Today’s guests include: An-Li Herring, reporter with WESA; and “Tree of Life: The Pittsburgh Synagogue Shooting” filmmaker Trish Adlesic and producer Susan Margolin.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The trial for the accused shooter in the Pittsburgh synagogue shooting has been set for April; a newly released documentary film includes the stories and memories of survivors and those whose lives were lost in the 2018 antisemitic attack; and we revisit our 2020 interview with Judah Samet, a member of the Jewish community who narrowly escaped the attack, and passed away last month. Today’s guests include: An-Li Herring, reporter with WESA; and “Tree of Life: The Pittsburgh Synagogue Shooting” filmmaker Trish Adlesic and producer Susan Margolin.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Allegheny County is seeking proposals from companies to run a juvenile detention center, a year after the county closed its own, but we discuss what might be implemented instead; Pittsburgh Food Policy Council is requesting the city allocate $10 million for a food justice fund; and we learn how researchers will use a $4 million federal grant for efforts to reduce racial disparities and promote a positive school climate in public schools.Today’s guests include: Kathi Elliott, chief executive officer of Gwen’s Girls; Sam Applefield, project manager with the Pittsburgh Food Policy Council; and James Huguley, associate dean for diversity equity and inclusion and project principal investigator at the University of Pittsburgh’s Just Discipline Project.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Allegheny County is seeking proposals from companies to run a juvenile detention center, a year after the county closed its own, but we discuss what might be implemented instead; Pittsburgh Food Policy Council is requesting the city allocate $10 million for a food justice fund; and we learn how researchers will use a $4 million federal grant for efforts to reduce racial disparities and promote a positive school climate in public schools.Today’s guests include: Kathi Elliott, chief executive officer of Gwen’s Girls; Sam Applefield, project manager with the Pittsburgh Food Policy Council; and James Huguley, associate dean for diversity equity and inclusion and project principal investigator at the University of Pittsburgh’s Just Discipline Project.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: As the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette’s journalists continue to strike, we look back at the city's last newspaper strike, 30 years ago; a collaboration between researchers, public and private entities are testing new technology in the Mon-Fayette Expressway; and a look at whether voters care about debates, which have been largely absent from this election season.Today’s guests include: Andrew Conte, director of the Center for Media Innovation at Point Park University; and Julie Vandenbossche, professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Pittsburgh and director of research of IRISE.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: As the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette’s journalists continue to strike, we look back at the city's last newspaper strike, 30 years ago; a collaboration between researchers, public and private entities are testing new technology in the Mon-Fayette Expressway; and a look at whether voters care about debates, which have been largely absent from this election season.Today’s guests include: Andrew Conte, director of the Center for Media Innovation at Point Park University; and Julie Vandenbossche, professor in the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering at the University of Pittsburgh and director of research of IRISE.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: More than 1.2 million Pennsylvania voters have requested a mail-in ballot for this year’s midterm, we discuss how the state is preparing for November’s election with mounting legal challenges; and how might redrawn districts for state House and Senate races impact the election outcomes? Today’s guests include: Leigh Chapman, Pennsylvania’s acting Secretary of State; and Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: More than 1.2 million Pennsylvania voters have requested a mail-in ballot for this year’s midterm, we discuss how the state is preparing for November’s election with mounting legal challenges; and how might redrawn districts for state House and Senate races impact the election outcomes? Today’s guests include: Leigh Chapman, Pennsylvania’s acting Secretary of State; and Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A Berks County state Senator has introduced a package of bills to address maternal mortality; Pittsburgh residents are utilizing alternative modes of transportation, according to a report from the city on its Move PGH mobility initiative; and we discuss what newsroom workers at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette are demanding after they walked off the job midday yesterday.Today’s guests include: State Sen. Judy Schwank, D-Berks County; Jillian Forstadt, a reporter with WESA; and Zack Tanner, interactive designer at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette and president of the Newspaper Guild of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A Berks County state Senator has introduced a package of bills to address maternal mortality; Pittsburgh residents are utilizing alternative modes of transportation, according to a report from the city on its Move PGH mobility initiative; and we discuss what newsroom workers at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette are demanding after they walked off the job midday yesterday.Today’s guests include: State Sen. Judy Schwank, D-Berks County; Jillian Forstadt, a reporter with WESA; and Zack Tanner, interactive designer at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette and president of the Newspaper Guild of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Researchers across the United States, including in Pennsylvania, are looking at how vaccinations could be used to prevent development of cancer in those with a high risk of the disease and treat those who are already diagnosed; and Jewish Family and Community Services has received a $300,000 grant that it will use to help its client apply for citizenship and naturalization. Today’s guests include: Dr. Olivera Finn, chair of professor in the Department of Immunology at UPMC; and Jamie Englert, director of immigration legal services at Jewish Family and Community Services of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Researchers across the United States, including in Pennsylvania, are looking at how vaccinations could be used to prevent development of cancer in those with a high risk of the disease and treat those who are already diagnosed; and Jewish Family and Community Services has received a $300,000 grant that it will use to help its client apply for citizenship and naturalization. Today’s guests include: Dr. Olivera Finn, chair of professor in the Department of Immunology at UPMC; and Jamie Englert, director of immigration legal services at Jewish Family and Community Services of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: In 25 county jails across Pennsylvania, a WITF investigation found that almost 1 in 3 uses of force during the last three months of 2021 involved someone having a mental health crisis or who had been diagnosed with a mental illness; long-COVID continues to impact people around the world, and a recent study confirms it’s more widespread than previously thought; and a legal challenge to the Wilkinsburg annexation effort.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: In 25 county jails across Pennsylvania, a WITF investigation found that almost 1 in 3 uses of force during the last three months of 2021 involved someone having a mental health crisis or who had been diagnosed with a mental illness; long-COVID continues to impact people around the world, and a recent study confirms it’s more widespread than previously thought; and a legal challenge to the Wilkinsburg annexation effort.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We discuss the impacts of a U.S. Supreme Court decision to vacate a lower court ruling allowing mail-in ballots without a date on the return envelope to be counted in a 2021 election for common pleas judge in Lehigh County; and the leader of the food recovery organizations 412 Food Rescue and Food Rescue Hero is planning to step down from both roles in early 2023.Today’s guests include: Mark Scolforo, reporter with the Associated Press; and Leah Lizarondo, CEO and co-founder of 412 Food Rescue.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We discuss the impacts of a U.S. Supreme Court decision to vacate a lower court ruling allowing mail-in ballots without a date on the return envelope to be counted in a 2021 election for common pleas judge in Lehigh County; and the leader of the food recovery organizations 412 Food Rescue and Food Rescue Hero is planning to step down from both roles in early 2023.Today’s guests include: Mark Scolforo, reporter with the Associated Press; and Leah Lizarondo, CEO and co-founder of 412 Food Rescue.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: With a limited housing stock, private developers and nonprofits are navigating the market of affordable housing units; the Penguins’ season home opener is Thursday, we talk about this year’s roster; and University of Pittsburgh professor Kathleen George's new novel is "Mirth."Today’s guests include: Eric Jankiewicz, reporter for PublicSource focused on housing and economic development; and Rob Rossi, senior writer for The Athletic covering the Pittsburgh Penguins.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: With a limited housing stock, private developers and nonprofits are navigating the market of affordable housing units; the Penguins’ season home opener is Thursday, we talk about this year’s roster; and University of Pittsburgh professor Kathleen George's new novel is "Mirth."Today’s guests include: Eric Jankiewicz, reporter for PublicSource focused on housing and economic development; and Rob Rossi, senior writer for The Athletic covering the Pittsburgh Penguins.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Mayor Ed Gainey names the group of residents who will advise him on the selection of the city’s next police chief and explains how he hopes to spend federal dollars on infrastructure; and a preview of the city’s newest museum that plans to both highlight the past and train the future space industry workforce. Today’s guests include: Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey; and Sam Moore, executive director of the Moonshot Museum.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Mayor Ed Gainey names the group of residents who will advise him on the selection of the city’s next police chief and explains how he hopes to spend federal dollars on infrastructure; and a preview of the city’s newest museum that plans to both highlight the past and train the future space industry workforce. Today’s guests include: Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey; and Sam Moore, executive director of the Moonshot Museum.

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On today’s special episode of The Confluence: The ACLU has filed a complaint against the Central Bucks School District for allegedly discriminating against LGBTQ students; we talk with the new CEO of the Women and Girls Foundation about her goals for the organization and future of female empowerment; and biologists have published a study discovering a rare hybrid bird.Today’s guests include: Emily Rizzo, suburban reporter for WHYY; Camila Rivera-Tinsley, CEO of the Women and Girls Foundation; and David Toews, assistant professor of biology at Pennsylvania State University.

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On today’s special episode of The Confluence: The ACLU has filed a complaint against the Central Bucks School District for allegedly discriminating against LGBTQ students; we talk with the new CEO of the Women and Girls Foundation about her goals for the organization and future of female empowerment; and biologists have published a study discovering a rare hybrid bird.Today’s guests include: Emily Rizzo, suburban reporter for WHYY; Camila Rivera-Tinsley, CEO of the Women and Girls Foundation; and David Toews, assistant professor of biology at Pennsylvania State University.

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On today’s special episode of The Confluence: We bring together a roundtable of Pennsylvania political reporters a month before election day to discuss the gubernatorial and U.S. Senate campaigns, as well as other consequential races. Today’s guests include: Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor; Stephen Caruso, capitol reporter at Spotlight PA; Katie Meyer, government editor and reporter at Spotlight PA: and Jonathan Tamari, national political reporter at the Philadelphia Inquirer.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Proposed legislation in Harrisburg could help ill patients better access treatments by modifying and modernizing the prior authorization process, but the legislature has to approve it in its remaining session days; a Pittsburgh Post-Gazette investigation finds much of Art Rooney Sr.’s early wealth came from his role in the city’s rackets, according to FBI and other archival documents; and a judge has ruled Pittsburgh can remove the statue of Christopher Columbus from Schenley Park. Today’s guests include: Sen. Kristin Phillips-Hill (R., York); Sean Hamill, reporter at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; and Bill O’Driscoll, WESA’s arts and culture reporter.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A new, low-barrier homeless shelter is opening in Downtown Pittsburgh and will offer social services to unhoused people; according to the state Department of Corrections, there are more than 39,000 inmates in residential facilities, and we discuss the impacts on children of incarcerated parents; and a look at U.S. Senate candidate John Fetterman’s track record of addressing crime in Braddock.Today’s guests include: Tony Beltran, president and CEO of Pittsburgh Mercy, and Dr. Anita Leon-Jhong, medical director for the health clinic at Second Avenue Commons; and Anna Hollis, executive director of Amachi Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A Commonwealth Court judge ruled its legal for counties to let voters fix small errors on their mail-in ballots, a practice known as “ballot curing”; the time between August and November is known as the “Red Zone,” when more than half of college campus sexual assaults will take place, we discuss what’s being done to address these incidents; and students at Community College of Allegheny County have the chance to send an experiment to space. Today’s guests include: Sam Dunklau, WESA’s capitol bureau chief; Mila Sanina, freelance journalist and assistant teaching professor at Penn State Bellisario College, and Emma Folts, higher education reporter for PublicSource; and Justin Starr, CCAC Endowed Professor of Advanced Technologies and coordinator for the college’s participation in the Student Spaceflight Experiments Program.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A Commonwealth Court judge ruled its legal for counties to let voters fix small errors on their mail-in ballots, a practice known as “ballot curing”; the time between August and November is known as the “Red Zone,” when more than half of college campus sexual assaults will take place, we discuss what’s being done to address these incidents; and students at Community College of Allegheny County have the chance to send an experiment to space. Today’s guests include: Sam Dunklau, WESA’s capitol bureau chief; Mila Sanina, freelance journalist and assistant teaching professor at Penn State Bellisario College, and Emma Folts, higher education reporter for PublicSource; and Justin Starr, CCAC Endowed Professor of Advanced Technologies and coordinator for the college’s participation in the Student Spaceflight Experiments Program.

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On today's show: As we enter the home stretch before the November election, we explain how you can identify misinformation and disinformation, even when it might look like a reputable source; the U.S. Supreme Court term begins today, and following the contentious Roe v. Wade ruling last term, we discuss what to expect this fall; and 50 years ago, how a group of working-class Black men in Pittsburgh transformed emergency care.Today’s guests include: Kathleen Carley, computational social scientist and professor at Carnegie Mellon University, director of CMU’s Center for Informed Democracy and Social Cybersecurity, and director of the Center for Computational Analysis of Social and Organizational Systems; and David Harris, professor at the University of Pittsburgh’s School of Law and WESA legal analyst.

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On today's show: As we enter the home stretch before the November election, we explain how you can identify misinformation and disinformation, even when it might look like a reputable source; the U.S. Supreme Court term begins today, and following the contentious Roe v. Wade ruling last term, we discuss what to expect this fall; and 50 years ago, how a group of working-class Black men in Pittsburgh transformed emergency care.Today’s guests include: Kathleen Carley, computational social scientist and professor at Carnegie Mellon University, director of CMU’s Center for Informed Democracy and Social Cybersecurity, and director of the Center for Computational Analysis of Social and Organizational Systems; and David Harris, professor at the University of Pittsburgh’s School of Law and WESA legal analyst.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Allegheny County announced a pilot program to offer low-income residents reduced fares to ride Pittsburgh Regional Transit; Republican state lawmakers introduced what they are calling a "parental bill of rights," which legislators in support say give parents more say in what content is taught in schools; and as pawpaw season comes to a close, we learn about how to forage this native fruit.Today’s guests include: Laura Chu Wiens, executive director of Pittsburghers for Public Transit; Justin Sweitzer, senior reporter for City & State PA; and Ryan Utz, professor of environmental science at Chatham University.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Allegheny County announced a pilot program to offer low-income residents reduced fares to ride Pittsburgh Regional Transit; Republican state lawmakers introduced what they are calling a "parental bill of rights," which legislators in support say give parents more say in what content is taught in schools; and as pawpaw season comes to a close, we learn about how to forage this native fruit.Today’s guests include: Laura Chu Wiens, executive director of Pittsburghers for Public Transit; Justin Sweitzer, senior reporter for City & State PA; and Ryan Utz, professor of environmental science at Chatham University.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The board of the Pittsburgh Public Schools is scheduled to vote tonight to revise the district's sex education policy to be more inclusive and remove the emphasis on abstinence-only education; the University of Pittsburgh’s Center for Governance and Markets has received a $2.4 million grant to study how society can overcome differences; and a conversation about independent state legislature doctrine. Today’s guests include: Sarah Schneider, WESA education reporter; and Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili, founding director of the Center for Governance and Markets and a professor at the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The board of the Pittsburgh Public Schools is scheduled to vote tonight to revise the district's sex education policy to be more inclusive and remove the emphasis on abstinence-only education; the University of Pittsburgh’s Center for Governance and Markets has received a $2.4 million grant to study how society can overcome differences; and a conversation about independent state legislature doctrine. Today’s guests include: Sarah Schneider, WESA education reporter; and Jennifer Brick Murtazashvili, founding director of the Center for Governance and Markets and a professor at the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The U.S. Department of Energy is considering Pittsburgh for a lab to research removing carbon dioxide from the air; and it’s been 20 years since the firings of two head coaches that inspired the Rooney Rule, meant to diversify leadership among National Football League teams — we discuss where the league stands today. Today’s guests include: Anya Litvak, energy reporter for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; Jeremi Duru, professor of law at American University, specializing in sports law and employment discrimination, and Jim Rooney, son of former Steelers owner Dan Rooney and author of “A Different Way to Win”.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The U.S. Department of Energy is considering Pittsburgh for a lab to research removing carbon dioxide from the air; and it’s been 20 years since the firings of two head coaches that inspired the Rooney Rule, meant to diversify leadership among National Football League teams — we discuss where the league stands today. Today’s guests include: Anya Litvak, energy reporter for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; Jeremi Duru, professor of law at American University, specializing in sports law and employment discrimination, and Jim Rooney, son of former Steelers owner Dan Rooney and author of “A Different Way to Win”.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: U.S. House Republican leaders unveiled their "Commitment to America" platform in western Pennsylvania last week, ahead of the November election; Pennsylvania Department of Human Services’ Child Protective Services 2021 Annual Report found there was an increase of reports of child abuse, but the department anticipated the uptick after a decline of reports in 2020 attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic; and we speak to a co-founder of an organization helping women and trans people reenter society after incarceration.Today’s guests include: Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor; Richard DiBello, senior forensic interviewer with the Child Advocacy Center at UPMC Children’s Hospital; and etta cetera, co-founder of Let’s Get Free.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: U.S. House Republican leaders unveiled their "Commitment to America" platform in western Pennsylvania last week, ahead of the November election; Pennsylvania Department of Human Services’ Child Protective Services 2021 Annual Report found there was an increase of reports of child abuse, but the department anticipated the uptick after a decline of reports in 2020 attributed to the COVID-19 pandemic; and we speak to a co-founder of an organization helping women and trans people reenter society after incarceration.Today’s guests include: Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor; Richard DiBello, senior forensic interviewer with the Child Advocacy Center at UPMC Children’s Hospital; and etta cetera, co-founder of Let’s Get Free.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: State lawmakers are considering companion bills in the House and Senate that would establish a statewide rape-kit tracking system; a coalition of organizations representing Asian American and Pacific Islanders have put forth an AAPI policy platform for the state; and a conversation about why it’s so hard to identify who is lacking broadband access in the state. Today’s guests include: Donna Greco, policy director with Pennsylvania Coalition Against Rape; Lani Mears, president of the Filipino American Association of Pittsburgh; and Sascha Meinrath, Palmer Chair in the Telecommunications Department at Pennsylvania State University and director of X-Lab at Penn State.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: State lawmakers are considering companion bills in the House and Senate that would establish a statewide rape-kit tracking system; a coalition of organizations representing Asian American and Pacific Islanders have put forth an AAPI policy platform for the state; and a conversation about why it’s so hard to identify who is lacking broadband access in the state. Today’s guests include: Donna Greco, policy director with Pennsylvania Coalition Against Rape; Lani Mears, president of the Filipino American Association of Pittsburgh; and Sascha Meinrath, Palmer Chair in the Telecommunications Department at Pennsylvania State University and director of X-Lab at Penn State.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pace-O-Matic, a skill games company that’s been lobbying to have their games formally recognized as legal, invited a group of state legislators to Wyoming; data from the U.S. Census Bureau found 5% more Pittsburghers were living in poverty in 2021, compared to two years prior; and the city will be hosting its inaugural Architecture Week. Today’s guests include: Angela Couloumbis, investigative reporter at Spotlight PA; Anita Zuberi, an associate professor of sociology at Duquesne University; and Michelle Fanzo, executive director of the Pittsburgh Chapter of the American Institute of Architects.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pace-O-Matic, a skill games company that’s been lobbying to have their games formally recognized as legal, invited a group of state legislators to Wyoming; data from the U.S. Census Bureau found 5% more Pittsburghers were living in poverty in 2021, compared to two years prior; and the city will be hosting its inaugural Architecture Week. Today’s guests include: Angela Couloumbis, investigative reporter at Spotlight PA; Anita Zuberi, an associate professor of sociology at Duquesne University; and Michelle Fanzo, executive director of the Pittsburgh Chapter of the American Institute of Architects.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Some conservative activists want to eliminate electronic voting machines and are petitioning their counties to add a ballot question, taking the proposal to voters; an initiative from the University of Pittsburgh looks to make homes more accessible so aging residents can continue to live independently; and we speak to two professors at Pennsylvania Western University who received a $1.2 million grant from the National Science Foundation to study the influence of learning communities on student outcomes. Today’s guests include: Gillian McGoldrick, Harrisburg bureau chief for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; Everette James, director of the Health Policy Institute at the University of Pittsburgh; and Peter Cormas, associate professor in the Department of Education, and Kyle Frederick, professor in the Department of Geosciences, at Pennsylvania Western University.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Some conservative activists want to eliminate electronic voting machines and are petitioning their counties to add a ballot question, taking the proposal to voters; an initiative from the University of Pittsburgh looks to make homes more accessible so aging residents can continue to live independently; and we speak to two professors at Pennsylvania Western University who received a $1.2 million grant from the National Science Foundation to study the influence of learning communities on student outcomes. Today’s guests include: Gillian McGoldrick, Harrisburg bureau chief for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; Everette James, director of the Health Policy Institute at the University of Pittsburgh; and Peter Cormas, associate professor in the Department of Education, and Kyle Frederick, professor in the Department of Geosciences, at Pennsylvania Western University.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We talk about the widening availability of COVID-19 vaccines that target certain variants of the virus; and a conversation with an organizer and speaker for the second annual Eradicate Hate Summit, which is convening nearly 300 experts in Pittsburgh to talk about solutions to a rise in hate crimes and hateful rhetoric.Today’s guests include: Dr. Amesh Adalja, infectious disease physician and senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security; Laura Ellsworth, partner-in-charge of global community service initiatives at Jones Day and co-chair of the summit, and Julie Platt, board chair of the Jewish Federations of North America.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We talk about the widening availability of COVID-19 vaccines that target certain variants of the virus; and a conversation with an organizer and speaker for the second annual Eradicate Hate Summit, which is convening nearly 300 experts in Pittsburgh to talk about solutions to a rise in hate crimes and hateful rhetoric.Today’s guests include: Dr. Amesh Adalja, infectious disease physician and senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Security; Laura Ellsworth, partner-in-charge of global community service initiatives at Jones Day and co-chair of the summit, and Julie Platt, board chair of the Jewish Federations of North America.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: State Rep. Dan Frankel has renewed calls to expand the state’s Hate Crimes law after criticizing gubernatorial candidate Doug Mastriano for giving money to Gab, a right-wing social media site where others have posted antisemitic speech; an organization serving unhoused people has found an increasing need in Pittsburgh as pandemic eviction protections have been rolled back; and an investigation into how although marijuana is permitted for medical use, lawmakers have not clarified the protections workers when it comes to using the substance, even on personal time.Today’s guests include: State Rep. Dan Frankel; Dan Palka, administrative director with Allegheny Health Network’s Reaching Out on the Streets (R.O.O.T.S.); and Ed Mahon, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: State Rep. Dan Frankel has renewed calls to expand the state’s Hate Crimes law after criticizing gubernatorial candidate Doug Mastriano for giving money to Gab, a right-wing social media site where others have posted antisemitic speech; an organization serving unhoused people has found an increasing need in Pittsburgh as pandemic eviction protections have been rolled back; and an investigation into how although marijuana is permitted for medical use, lawmakers have not clarified the protections workers when it comes to using the substance, even on personal time.Today’s guests include: State Rep. Dan Frankel; Dan Palka, administrative director with Allegheny Health Network’s Reaching Out on the Streets (R.O.O.T.S.); and Ed Mahon, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Gov. Tom Wolf is arguing the GOP-led legislature’s effort to combine measures in one bill violates the state constitution which prohibits passing laws regarding multiple, unrelated issues; the longevity of Roberto Clemente’s Sports City is under debate as the Puerto Rican government claims the player’s family has let it fall into disrepair; and the state Department of Education is updating its science standards, the first revision since they were created in 2002. Today’s guests include: Sam Dunklau, capitol bureau chief for WESA; Tom Fontaine, editor of the Pittsburgh Tribune-Review; and Karen Molchanow, executive director for the State Board of Education, and Brian Gasper, chief of the Division of Instructional Quality in the Department of Education.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Gov. Tom Wolf is arguing the GOP-led legislature’s effort to combine measures in one bill violates the state constitution which prohibits passing laws regarding multiple, unrelated issues; the longevity of Roberto Clemente’s Sports City is under debate as the Puerto Rican government claims the player’s family has let it fall into disrepair; and the state Department of Education is updating its science standards, the first revision since they were created in 2002. Today’s guests include: Sam Dunklau, capitol bureau chief for WESA; Tom Fontaine, editor of the Pittsburgh Tribune-Review; and Karen Molchanow, executive director for the State Board of Education, and Brian Gasper, chief of the Division of Instructional Quality in the Department of Education.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A report from the state Department of Corrections shows recidivism rates have changed little in the last 15 years; in his new podcast, former NPR host David Greene interviews athletes about the defining moments in their careers, giving insight to their lives; and a new book looks at what happened in McKeesport after its century-old newspaper closed in 2015. Today’s guests include: Kirstin Cornnell, family and community support director with Pennsylvania Prison Society; David Greene, former host of NPR’s Morning Edition and host of the podcast “In the Moment with David Greene.”

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A report from the state Department of Corrections shows recidivism rates have changed little in the last 15 years; in his new podcast, former NPR host David Greene interviews athletes about the defining moments in their careers, giving insight to their lives; and a new book looks at what happened in McKeesport after its century-old newspaper closed in 2015. Today’s guests include: Kirstin Cornnell, family and community support director with Pennsylvania Prison Society; David Greene, former host of NPR’s Morning Edition and host of the podcast “In the Moment with David Greene.”

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A WESA investigation looks at the death of 15-year-old Marquis Campbell, and a proposal for remote learning that some staff at Pittsburgh Oliver Citywide Academy say could have kept him away from harm; more living facilities are creating LGBTQ-friendly spaces for aging residents; and a preview of the second Pittsburgh International Literary Festival.Today’s guests include: Oliver Morrison, reporter with WESA; Jim Pieffer, president and CEO of Presbyterian SeniorCare Network; and Andrés Franco, executive director of City of Asylum.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: More than two years since the COVID-19 pandemic disrupted daily life, we discuss how the pandemic impacted the health and long-term care industries and we speak with experts about where the future of health care in the region is heading. Today’s guests include: Heather Tomko, a disability advocate and outreach coordinator at the University of Pittsburgh; Howard Degenholtz, professor of health policy and management at the University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health; Nancy Murray, senior vice president of Achieva and the president of the Arc of Greater Pittsburgh at Achieva; and Claire Zangerle, the chief nurse executive at Allegheny Health Network.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We look at the differences between gubernatorial candidates Doug Mastriano and Josh Shapiro’s plans regarding K-12 education policy; the first Hall of Fame class has been announced for the Pirates; and a new esports arena has been opened at Duquesne City School District to introduce students to science, technology, engineering, arts, and math. Today’s guests include: Katie Meyer, political reporter with WHYY; Jim Trdinich, Pittsburgh Pirates historian; and Michelle Stowell and Marcie Yunkun, teachers with Duquesne City School District.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: As a new school year begins for Pittsburgh Public Schools students, we talk to the executive director of A+ Schools about what he’s hoping for from the district’s new superintendent; if Mehmet Oz wins the race for U.S. Senate, he could become the first Muslim member elected to the chamber, but religion has barely been mentioned in the campaign; and a look at the prohibitive cost of hearing aids. Today’s guests include: James Fogarty, executive director of A+ Schools; and Marc Levy, a reporter covering Pennsylvania politics and government for the Associated Press.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Allegheny County will work with the Harvard Kennedy School's Government Performance Lab to implement different responses to nonviolent 911 calls; the Latino Community Center has opened a new headquarters in East Liberty; and we look at the pay raise state lawmakers are expected to receive this year, corresponding with the inflation rate. Today’s guests include: Gloria Gong, executive director of the Government Performance Lab at the Harvard Kennedy School; Rosamaria Cristello, founder and executive director of Latino Community Center; and Christina Baker and Jaxon White, reporters with Lancaster Online.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: An investigation by PublicSource found that eviction filings dropped in the pandemic, but have returned to pre-shutdown levels; new research suggests there are more than 100 genetic markers associated with autism; and we ask an entomologist why spotted lanternflies have to be squashed.Today’s guests include: Eric Jankiewicz, a reporter with PublicSource; Dr. Bernie Devlin, a professor of psychiatry with the University of Pittsburgh, and Dr. Kathryn Roeder, the UPMC Professor of Statistics and Life Sciences from Carnegie Mellon University; and Kelli Hoover, professor of entomology at Penn State University.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The judges who sent children to for-profit jails in exchange for kickbacks have been order to pay more than $200 million to those children; the state Department of Transportation is developing an autonomous vehicle research and training facility in Westmoreland County; and a look at how some Republican lawmakers are increasingly suggesting Christian ideology be enmeshed with politics. Today’s guests include: Michael Rubinkam, who covers Pennsylvania news for Associated Press; and Mark Kopko, director of the Office of Transformational Technology at Pennsylvania’s Department of Transportation.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We speak with an Afghan journalist who fled the country after the U.S. withdrew its military presence, and has spent the last year in Pittsburgh; as Allegheny County is contracting with consultants at the National Commission on Correctional Health Care to review fatalities at the county jail, we ask a researcher what might come of the review; and author David Maraniss has a new biography of Jim Thorpe, one of America’s greatest athletes, who grew up at the Indian Industrial School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. Today’s guests include: Zubair Babakarkhail, Afghan-born journalist and interpreter; Robin Mejia, director of the Statistics and Human Rights Program at Carnegie Mellon University.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Penn Hills School District will be forming a police force in an effort to boost security; we speak to a high school senior and adult working in violence prevention about the results of a survey that asked Pittsburgh area youth what impact gun violence is having on their lives; and a look at how a Homewood garden is seeking to combat food apartheid.Today’s guests include: Nancy Hines, superintendent of school at Penn Hills School District; Cierra Guest, a senior at Woodland Hills School District, and Rev. Eleanor Williams, founder of the North Side Partnership Project.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pittsburgh Public Schools sent 26 teachers furlough notices, but is having trouble filling certain positions, like special education teachers; why is there a different look and different interest level in this year's Steelers' training camp and preseason; there’s a movement by Black-led groups to bring more students of color into the tech industry in Pittsburgh.Today’s guests include: Nina Esposito-Visgitis, president of the Pittsburgh Federation of Teachers; and Sean Gentille, senior writer for The Athletic.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A recap of U.S. Senate candidate John Fetterman’s return to the campaign trail, and news about Pennsylvania gubernatorial candidate Doug Mastriano’s use of military imagery; we look back on water protection in western Pennsylvania since the Clean Water Act was created in 1972; and what greater access to public restrooms in Downtown Pittsburgh could mean for visitors and businesses. Today’s guests include: Chris Potter, WESA’s Government and Accountability Editor; Heather Hulton VanTassel, Executive Director, Three Rivers Waterkeeper; Heather Starr Fielder, chair of the Department of Community Engagement and Leadership at Point Park University.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We ask a pediatrician about vaccinating children ahead of the coming school year; Pittsburgh Public Schools has raised property taxes to try to reduce its budget deficit, but it has little ability to collect such money from the city’s largest nonprofits; and a conversation with a religious studies professor about the rise of white Christian Nationalism in American politics.Today’s guests include: Dr. Todd Wolynn, pediatrician and CEO of Kids Plus Pediatrics; and Emma Folts, higher education reporter for PublicSource.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: For 30 years, Dr. Jim Withers of Pittsburgh Mercy has been making “house calls” to people living on the streets; a look into the practice of search and seizure following the FBI raid at Donald Trump’s Mar-a-Lago home; and a conversation about how a state grant for early childhood learning will add another early childhood education class to Homestead. Today’s guests include: Dr. Jim Withers, medical director of Homeless Services at Pittsburgh Mercy; David Harris, law professor at the University of Pittsburgh and WESA’s legal analyst; and Hannah Sitz, executive director of Maple Unified Student Academy.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pittsburgh Regional Transit is taking public comment about its bus rapid transit project, the cost of which increased by $61 million; and a look at the legacy of historian David McCullough, who passed away Monday.Today’s guests include: Katharine Kelleman, CEO of Pittsburgh Regional Transit; and Andrew Masich, president and CEO of the Heinz History Center.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The new Allegheny County Controller’s first audit will assess the effectiveness of two types of development incentives in the county; a new nonprofit is working to register 30,000 eligible voters by the November elections; and to support filmmaking in the region, the a new sound stage will be built at the site of the Carrie Blast Furnaces.Today’s guests include: Corey O’Connor, Allegheny County controller; Kadida Kenner, CEO of the New Pennsylvania Project; and Dawn Keezer, director of the Pittsburgh Film Office.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We talk about what interventions still need to happen to help remedy pandemic learning loss and improve education as we head into the next school year; UPMC and a world-renowned transplant surgeon are at the heart of a federal investigation, we talk about the case and its implications; and how North Allegheny recent graduates are trying to help the next class of school activists make change.Today’s guests include: Briana Mihok, senior policy strategist for the Institute of Politics at the University of Pittsburgh; and Jonathan Silver, reporter with the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We look at the results of a recent survey on the regional businesses economic outlook for remainder of the year; the state Supreme Court upheld the constitutionality of Pennsylvania’s mail-in-voting law, Act 77; and Pulitzer Prize-winning playwright August Wilson’s Pittsburgh home is opening to the public. Today’s guests include: Vera Krekanova, chief research officer with the Allegheny Conference on Community Development; Stephen Caruso, Capitol reporter for Spotlight PA; and Chris Rawson, board member of the August Wilson House.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A Fox News poll found Democrats John Fetterman and Josh Shapiro are more popular with voters ahead of November’s election; the Allegheny County Sanitary Authority is constructing underground tunnels for stormwater overflow, but the cost and rising sewage bills are giving residents pause; and a definitive list of the best pizza in Pittsburgh. Today’s guests include: Jonathan Tamari, national political reporter for the Philadelphia Inquirer; Oliver Morrison, reporter at WESA; and Hal B. Klein, senior food writer and dining critic at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We ask a state constitutional law expert about Gov. Tom Wolf’s lawsuit against the GOP-led legislature, which hopes to pass anti-abortion constitutional amendments; a look at how expanded state tax credits for waterfront development could affect the city; and BikePGH weighs in on priorities for improving cycling infrastructure, after a child on a bicycle was struck and killed by a motorist last week.Today’s guests include: Bruce Ledewitz, a law professor at Duquesne University; Matthew Galluzzo, president and CEO at Riverlife; and Eric Boerer, advocacy director at BikePGH.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We learn what options the city might pursue to work with tax-exempt organizations, now that ties with OnePGH have been severed; and what’s new in the second edition of “100 Things To Do In Pittsburgh Before You Die.”Today’s guests include: Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey; and Rossilynne Culgan, journalist and author.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: In the coming months, a judge will rule on if the state violated its own constitution regarding how it funds K-12 education; work has begun to reconstruct the city’s Fern Hollow Bridge, which collapsed in late January; and how a local organization is teaching court etiquette and more to help Pittsburgh residents better navigate the court system.Today’s guests include: Katie Meyer, political reporter for WHYY; Ed Blazina, who covers transportation at the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; and Mark Thompson, founder of the JASON Project.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Members of Pennsylvania Congressman Mike Kelly’s staff were involved in attempting to alter the count of Wisconsin’s electoral votes for the 2020 presidential election; two survivors of the Quecreek mine accident reflect on the rescue, 20 years later; and Greene County residents are seeking answers to whether a natural gas company’s drilling incident affected their water. Today’s guests include: Chris Potter, WESA’s government and accountability editor; and Ron Hileman and Bob Pugh, miners who survived the Quecreek mine rescue in 2002.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Disinformation and misinformation could play a role in the upcoming November election, what work is being done to combat it; an emergency home is opening in Pittsburgh to offer shelter for victims of sex trafficking; and breaking down the Jan. 6 hearings in the U.S. House Today’s guests include: David Hickton, founding director of the University of Pittsburgh Institute for Cyber Law, Policy, and Security; Theresa Holden, executive director of Refuge for Women Pittsburgh; David Harris, WESA legal analyst, University of Pittsburgh School of Law professor.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We speak to a member of Black Women for a Better Education about their reaction to the announcement of Pittsburgh Public Schools new superintendent; an investigation into how a city police officer invoked a little-known law to gain legal protection from a colleague that she alleges sexually assaulted her; and how did Squirrel Hill, and some of its streets, get named? Today’s guests include: Allyce Pinchback-Johnson, founding member of Black Women for a Better Education; Megan Harris, lead producer at City Cast Pittsburgh, and Rich Lord, managing editor of PublicSource.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We learn about the plan from the Wolf administration to recruit and retain more teachers in the commonwealth; we ask a county councilor about why she’s supporting a ban on fracking in and under county parks; and Pittsburgh is hosting its first Disability Pride event this Saturday.Today’s guests include: Eric Hagarty, acting secretary of education for Pennsylvania; Liv Bennett, Allegheny County councilor; and Vicki Landers, founder and executive director of Disability Pride PA.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Allegheny County is suing three major pharmacy chains for their alleged responsibility in the opioid epidemic; 988, the new Suicide & Crisis Lifeline, launched on Saturday and Pittsburgh workers are already receiving more calls, in part, because the number is easier to remember; and we answer a few 'Good Questions' about the Pittsburgh Pirates. Today’s guests include: Dr. Jack Rozel, medical director of Resolve Crisis Services; and Michael Flaherty, a clinical psychologist and head of St. Francis' Institute for Psychiatry and Addiction Services.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A federal lawsuit brought by the U.S. Department of Justice accuses the state court system of discriminating against those with opioid use disorder when some county courts limited or banned the use of medication to treat addiction; state legislation looks to create a registry of vacation rental properties for tax purposes; and what we’ve learned from the James Webb Space Telescope’s first images. Today’s guests include: Ed Mahon, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA; Tony DeLuca, the treasurer of Somerset County and Sara Innamorato, Democratic state representative serving Pittsburgh; and Rachel Bezanson, assistant professor and astronomer with the University of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state budget has established new tax credits, including a permanent child care tax credit and property tax relief for some homeowners and renters; we speak to a mother and business owner who testified before Congress about experiencing burnout during the pandemic; and City Council is tackling three big issues before taking its summer recess. Today’s guests include: Kate Huangpu, government reporter with Spotlight PA; Tori Snyder, a Pittsburgh-based parent and small-business owner; and Kiley Koscinski, city government and policy reporter with WESA.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Allegheny County’s newly appointed controller tells us his priorities as he joins county government and becomes the newest member of the Jail Oversight Board; after the Shuman Juvenile Detention Center closed last September, researchers asked some who had spent time at Shuman what alternatives to the center they want created; and a look at the reaction to the renaming of Heinz Field, now that the lease between the condiment company and football team is coming to an end. Today’s guests include: Corey O’Connor, Allegheny County controller; Sara Goodkind, professor with the University of Pittsburgh’s School of Social Work; and Brian Batko, reporter with the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Allegheny County reported 719 deaths due to a drug overdose in 2021, an increase from the previous year; the state established a database of police personnel records, but an investigation found the tool has created little accountability due to loopholes and a lack of enforcement; and we hear from a paddler and coach with a local dragon boat team. Today’s guests include: Maisha Howze, assistant deputy director for the Allegheny County Department of Human Services Office of Behavioral Health; Danielle Ohl, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA; and Naomi Herman, a member of two local dragon boat teams and Bob Randolph, the Steel City Dragons’ head coach and board chair.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state budget was passed, a week late, so what’s the bottom line?; we learn what happened with the Pittsburgh Penguins at the National Hockey League draft; and a look at how performing arts groups are recovering in finances and audience numbers after staging full seasons for the first time since the outbreak of the pandemic.Today’s guests include: Sam Dunklau, WESA’s capitol bureau chief; and Mike DeFabo, Penguins beat writer for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A decade after Duquesne City School District closed its middle school, eighth graders have been approved to return, we learn how the district is preparing; and after almost 30 years with the Pittsburgh Bureau of Police, the city’s police chief retired, taking a new job with the FBI, he reflects on his time leading the police force through the Black Lives Matter protests.Today’s guests include: Scott Schubert, retired Pittsburgh Police Bureau chief; Sue Mariani, superintendent of Duquesne City School District.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: In April 2021, Allegheny County Council approved an independent police review board, but it has yet to swear in any members or hear cases; a bill that passed the state Senate would restrict classroom instruction on gender identity and sexual orientation in pre-K through fifth; and how nonprofits are helping young Afghan refugees settle in Pittsburgh. Today’s guests include: Charlie Wolfson, enterprise reporter at PublicSource; Sheila May-Stein, librarian at Perry High School and Dakota Rottino-Garilli, a school-based therapist with Wesley Family Services based at Perry High School

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We hear the latest about the state budget; a worker and union organizer with Planned Parenthood of Western Pennsylvania shares what they're seeing following the repeal of Roe v. Wade; and a conversation about how school buildings can become more climate resilient.Today’s guests include: Stephen Caruso, capitol reporter with Spotlight PA; Jocelyn K., a union representative with Planned Parenthood of Western Pennsylvania; and Vivian Loftness, researcher and professor of architecture at Carnegie Mellon University.

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On today’s special edition of The Confluence: Since the U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade, how are health care providers in Western Pennsylvania preparing for a potential increase in patients coming from other states; a legal scholar explains which rights to privacy could soon be at risk; a member of the state’s Pro-Life Federation talks about what the decision means for the anti-abortion movement in Pennsylvania; and a public opinion researcher discusses how the ruling might influence the outcome of the November election. Today’s guests include: Sydney Etheredge, president and CEO of Planned Parenthood of Western Pennsylvania; Greer Donley, assistant professor of law at the University Pittsburgh Law School; Bonnie Finnerty, education director with the Pennsylvania Pro-Life Federation; and Christopher Borick, professor of political science at Muhlenberg College.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A public opinion researcher discusses how the Supreme Court’s ruling, which repealed the constitutional right to an abortion, might influence the outcome of the November election; a look at what motivated those who voted in this year’s primary, creating the largest voter turnout since 2002; and we speak to the outgoing president and CEO of Leadership Pittsburgh Inc.Today’s guests include: Christopher Borick, professor of political science at Muhlenberg College; and Ardhna Oliphant, president and CEO of Leadership Pittsburgh Inc.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We speak with a member of the state’s Pro-Life Federation about what the overturning of Roe v. Wade means for the anti-abortion movement in Pennsylvania; we review other rulings made by the U.S. Supreme Court, and their implications; and a look at how the funding for nurse family partnerships, which aid pregnant parents, is at risk. Today’s guests include: Bonnie Finnerty, education director with the Pennsylvania Pro-Life Federation; and David Harris, legal analyst for WESA.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A legal scholar explains which rights to privacy could be at risk following the U.S. Supreme Court’s overturning of Roe v. Wade; a new study shows institutional racism is a risk factor in the severity of asthma in Black people; and Anthrocon brings the “furry” community back to the Convention Center.Today’s guests include: Greer Donley, assistant professor of law at the University Pittsburgh Law School; Alexander Schuyler, a M.D. and Ph.D. student in Pitt’s Medical Scientist Training Program; and John "K.P." Cole, the public outreach director for Anthrocon.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The U.S. Supreme Court overturned Roe v. Wade, how are care providers in Western Pennsylvania preparing for a potential increase in patients coming from other states; Gov. Wolf signed legislation changing requirements for nurses from foreign countries to take state mandated certification tests; and archaeologists have begun a new search of the Meadowcroft Rockshelter, the site of the oldest human habitation in North America.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Hear Foundation, a nonprofit, launches in Pittsburgh with the mission of reducing gun violence and the fallout from these incidents; how Allegheny County is addressing the number of people experiencing chronic homelessness which is at a 12-year high; and with a new ethane cracker plant opening, how might it impact regional waterways. Today’s guests include: Leon Ford, CEO, Leon Ford Speaks; and Gabriel Krivosh, Senior Manager, Services for Adults Experiencing Homelessness.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A 2010 law mandates schools and law enforcement to have a cooperative agreement but Pittsburgh Public Schools and the city’s police bureau haven’t met this requirement; legislation moving through Harrisburg could restrict what public records those incarcerated can request; and what the community near the new Shell plant thinks of the ethane cracker.Today’s guests include: Charlie Wolfson, enterprise reporter PublicSource; and John Hargreaves, volunteer director for the PA Prison Society.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The regional library system is welcoming a new leader to the helm; and a local pastor tells us about his congregation’s efforts to seek reparations and build relationships with other churches during Juneteenth. Today’s guests include: Rev. Dr. Dale Snyder with Bethel AME Church; and Andrew Medlar, president and director of the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A conversation with Pittsburgh’s mayor about a new plan to curb gun violence in the city; and with property tax bases in decline, some municipalities have no choice but to raise the property tax rates of homeowners.Today’s guests include: Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey; and Rich Lord, managing editor at PublicSource.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We talk about the significance of Republican gubernatorial nominee Doug Mastriano agreeing to be interviewed by the committee investigating the attack on the U.S. Capitol; a look at the projects southwestern Pennsylvania representatives have proposed to receive earmarked federal funds; and we look at the early impact of new rules that require the Mon Valley’s major polluters to tamp down emissions on poor air quality days.Today’s guests include: John Micek, editor-in-chief of the Pennsylvania Capital-Star; and Ashley Murray, Washington, D.C. bureau chief for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Lawmakers in Harrisburg are looking at the upcoming budget and what do to with a surplus of funds; and as the city is planning to open its first needle exchange — which will offer clean supplies to those using drugs — we learn what additional supports are needed. Today’s guests include: Sam Dunklau, WESA’s Capitol Bureau Chief; Kiley Koscinski, WESA reporter; Laura Drogowski, a manager in the Pittsburgh Office of Community Health and Safety; and Joshua Schneider, an Overdose Prevention Coordinator in the Pittsburgh Office of Community Health & Safety.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state Supreme Court could consider three cases that challenge the inability of municipalities to set their own gun regulations; the airport has added more direct flights, in anticipation of a busy summer season; and we speak to an attorney about how their undocumented clients are faring after a South Side office that held immigration hearings was closed.Today’s guests include: Angela Couloumbis, investigative reporter at Spotlight PA; Christina Cassotis, CEO of the Allegheny County Airport Authority; and Kristen Schneck, a Pittsburgh-based immigration attorney.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Physicians in Pennsylvania can’t advertise their ability to prescribe marijuana, but marijuana certification businesses are making millions of dollars connecting patients to physicians; the State Small Business Credit Initiative Program will soon be distributing $584 million to businesses in Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and Delaware; and Pittsburgh Cultural Trust’s president and CEO is retiring after two decades at the helm. Today’s guests include: Ed Mahon, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA; Steve D’Ettorre, state deputy secretary of technology and innovation; and J. Kevin McMahon, president and CEO of the Pittsburgh Cultural Trust.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We get the latest on the pediatric COVID-19 vaccination for children ages six months to five years old as the FDA prepares to review the results of a trial; a bill in Harrisburg could make it easier for out-of-state teachers to get authorized to instruct in Pennsylvania schools; and a look at the best restaurants in Pittsburgh. Today’s guests include: Dr. Andrew Nowalk, clinical director of the Division of Infectious Diseases at UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and an associate professor of pediatrics at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine; Nina Esposito-Visgitis, president at Pittsburgh Federation of Teachers; and Hal B. Klein, Pittsburgh Magazine's food editor and dining critic.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We learn about U.S. Senate candidate David McCormick's lawsuit on the counting of mail-in ballots; we ask a Duquesne educator how to help children and young people process the shooting in Uvalde, Texas; and we speak with the director and a member of the Tamburitzans, an 85-year-old folk music group.Today’s guests include: Marc Levy, reporter with the Associated Press; Tammy Hughes, professor with Duquesne University’s School of Education; and Alyssa Bushunow, executive director of the Tamburitzans, and Nick Hladio, a student performer with the group.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We discuss the inaugural joint audit of the Pittsburgh Police Bureau developed by the city controller’s office and Citizen Police Review Board; we look at how well Pittsburgh 2030 District has advanced in reducing energy use and water consumption by 50%, a goal it hopes to achieve by 2030; and we get a preview of the Three Rivers Arts Festival, which begins next weekend.Today’s guests include: Michael Lamb, Pittsburgh’s city controller and Beth Pittinger, executive director of the Citizen Police Review Board; Chris Cieslak, senior director of Pittsburgh 2030 District; and Sarah Aziz, director of festival management at the Pittsburgh Cultural Trust.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A Right-to-Know request reveals the poor conditions documented at the Fern Hollow Bridge by inspectors in October 2021, months before its collapse; and a look at how Doug Mastriano, the GOP nominee for governor, garnered grassroots support to set himself apart in a crowded field of candidates. Today’s guests include: Sean Hamill, reporter with the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; and Stephen Caruso, capitol reporter with Spotlight PA.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We learn why a printer error is holding up the processing of 16,000 ballots in Lancaster County; although 90% of incarcerated Pennsylvanians are vaccinated, COVID-19 restrictions persist at state prisons; and a look at how the local food bank is reacting to the continual rise in food prices, and how it’s affecting their clients and services. Today’s guests include: Gillian McGoldrick, Harrisburg bureau chief for the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette; Danielle Ohl, investigative reporter with Spotlight PA; and Josh Murphy, director of supply chain strategy at the Greater Pittsburgh Community Food Bank.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: As state primary election results are solidified, we learn more about some impactful incumbent races where longtime legislators experienced upsets; a $2 million grant will help Veterans Place build handicap-accessible apartments and a wellness and behavior health center; and a local makerspace is teaching students and adults about the impact of the African diaspora on science, technology, engineering and math. Today’s guests include: Sam Dunklau, WESA’s capitol bureau chief; Rob Hamilton, executive director of Veteran’s Place of Washington Boulevard; and Ja’Sonta Roberts, the off-site programs manager at Assemble, a Pittsburgh nonprofit maker-space.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We discuss the results of Pennsylvania's contentious primary election and what's next in the general election.Today’s guests include: Dana Brown, executive director of the Pennsylvania Center for Women and Politics; Ben Forstate, a political consultant; Chris Potter, government and accountability editor with WESA; and Julia Terruso, political reporter with the Philadelphia Inquirer.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Deaths due to a drug overdose have hit a new record nationwide, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and we learn where Pennsylvania data fits into the trends; the Mid-Atlantic Mothers’ Milk Bank is trying to help facilities struggling with the infant formula shortages; and we examine a plan to create affordable housing through collective home ownership.Today’s guests include: Jennifer Smith, the state Secretary of Drug and Alcohol Programs; Denise O’Connor, founder and executive director of the Mid-Atlantic Mothers’ Milk Bank; and Margaret J. Krauss, senior reporter at WESA.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We learn how health care executives are hoping to address an influx of hospital emergency room patients in need of behavioral health care; after a yearlong search, the YMCA of Greater Pittsburgh is welcoming its new president and CEO, the first woman to lead the organization; and we ask two curators about the significance of the new Frick Pittsburgh exhibit, “SLAY,” which brings together two paintings created 400 years apart. Today’s guests include: Brett Sholtis, health reporter with WITF; Amy Haralson Kienle, the incoming president and CEO of the YMCA of Greater Pittsburgh; Dawn Brean, chief curator and director of collections at the Frick Pittsburgh; and Kilolo Luckett, an art historian and Pittsburgh-based consulting curator.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: the future and funding of OnePGH, former Mayor Bill Peduto’s solution to local nonprofits' tax-exempt status, is unclear under Mayor Ed Gainey’s administration; we speak to BikePGH about their 20th anniversary, and preview events they’re hosting soon for “Bike Anywhere Week”; and a look at how Republican candidates for governor are advocating for greater fossil fuel production, despite the imminent threats of climate change.Today’s guests include: Charlie Wolfson, local government reporter with PublicSource; and Kéya Joseph, the director of events at BikePGH.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: As the Pittsburgh Public Schools board opens public comment on the process to find its next superintendent, we ask a founding member of Black Women for a Better Education for feedback on the search; the Pittsburgh Opera and National Opera House are teaming up to develop educational and community engagement programming; and mid-state crisis centers are concerned about their capacity to handle calls for mental health support as a three-digit helpline goes live nationwide.Today’s guests include: Allyce Pinchback-Johnson, founding member of Black Women for a Better Education; Rebekah Diaz, director of community engagement and IDEA initiatives with Pittsburgh Opera, and Jonnet Solomon, executive director of the National Opera House.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We look at reasons why Pittsburgh is not rebounding to pre-pandemic levels of employment, even though U.S. employment overall has done so; the Allegheny County Elections division manager tells us how the county is working to meet the logistical challenges of the upcoming election; and people with criminal backgrounds, who have historically faced barriers to employment, are now finding more opportunities amid labor shortages. Today's guests include: Chris Briem, a regional economist with the University of Pittsburgh’s Center for Social and Urban Research; and David Voye, Allegheny County Elections division manager.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Amy Wildermuth — the dean of the University of Pittsburgh’s School of Law, and a former U.S. Supreme Court clerk — shares her thoughts on the leaked draft of an opinion that could overturn Roe v. Wade; a Philadelphia-based research group has found the state is in need of teachers of color, and we ask Duquesne’s School of Education dean how they’re attracting students of color to take on the profession; and a look at inequities in how libraries are funded.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Mayor Ed Gainey nominated Kim Lucas, the acting director of the city’s Department of Mobility and Infrastructure, to officially lead the department, and we speak with her about plans for updating Smithfield Street, and the department’s priorities under the current administration; Gwen’s Girls executive director Kathi Elliott discusses what the organization has accomplished in 20 years, and how it’s celebrating the milestone; and we’re joined by the director of a new documentary about the Tree of Life attack and the community’s recovery.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The medical director of Planned Parenthood of Western Pennsylvania discusses what’s it’s like offering abortions in the region, including to patients traveling from states where these services are restricted; after an immigration court in Pittsburgh closed, Casa San Jose joins us to discuss what’s next for those with immigration hearings; and our Good Question! series looks into how the Mexican War Streets got its name.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Those registered as independent or with third parties are unable to vote in state primary elections, but advocacy organizations are looking to change that; candidates running to take over Democratic Conor Lamb’s congressional seat are vying for what some see as a key swing district; and we ask Post-Gazette reporter Mike DeFabo about the Penguin’s chances in this year’s playoffs.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: the Pennsylvania Department of Health has proposed regulations that would require more inquiry into potential owners of nursing homes — Pam Walz, a supervising attorney with Community Legal Services of Philadelphia, explains why these regulations are needed; the Anti-Defamation League recently released data on the number of anti-Semitic incidents in the region, which are up compared to previous years; and how women in the workplace are often asked to do the “non-promotable tasks.”

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: State Rep. Tracy Pennycuick introduced legislation that would allow clinical studies of psilocybin and psilocybin-assisted therapy for issues such as PTSD or depression; Rochelle Jackson from the Black Women’s Policy Center shares results from a survey of Black women in Pittsburgh that shows their pressing concerns include poverty and mental health; and self-taught Pittsburgh artist John Kane’s legacy and impact.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: a recent analysis found 456 books banned in Pennsylvania between July 2021 and March 2022, a majority of them in the Central York School District; Diamonte Walker will be the first CEO of Scholar House Pittsburgh, which looks to provide single mothers with affordable housing and support near higher education; and Pittsburgh native Cole Arthur Riley discusses her new book, “This Here Flesh: Spirituality, Liberation and the Stories That Make Us.”

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: diplomacy between the U.S. and Israel has emerged as an issue in the race for Pittsburgh's Congressional seat, we speak with WESA’s Chris Potter about which super PACs are buying up ad space; Mike Dixon, the executive director of Basketball Dreamz, discusses what he heard from kids in his after-school program following the deadly shooting on the North Side; and we go foraging in Pittsburgh to see what foods can you find underfoot.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: PublicSource reporter Oliver Morrison explains his findings from a analysis of salaries at Pittsburgh Public Schools; Anya Litvak with the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette tells us why large industrial producers are looking to create a “hydrogen hub” in the region; and a health care worker reflects on when her role as a caregiver was reversed in a new book, “Healing: When a Nurse Becomes a Patient.”

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Mayor Ed Gainey on efforts to increase public safety, and his intention create "a city for all"

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: As agencies across the country start lifting mask requirements, Philadelphia reinstates one, and local authorities are considering if now is the right time to ditch the mask; a new report details racial disparities in homeownership in the region; and a new museum looks to preserve and share the history of tattooing.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: With the May primary election a mere four weeks away, we check in with WESA government and accountability editor Chris Potter about the campaigns; cybersecurity vulnerabilities were identified in autonomous robots working in local hospitals; and Dawn Keezer with the Pittsburgh Film Office speaks with us, ahead of giving testimony to the state Senate Finance Committee, about increasing film tax credits in the state.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A shooting at a house party in the North Side turned deadly after two teenagers were killed and eight others were injured; legislation has passed in the state Senate that would expand access to nurses trained to provide specialized care to survivors of sexual assault, and we talk with one of these nurses and a statewide organization in support of the legislation; and a new exhibit honoring August Wilson’s career opens in Pittsburgh’s downtown.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Staff at a Bloomfield Starbucks have voted to unionize, becoming the first store to do so in the commonwealth; Pittsburgh Post-Gazette reporter Kris Mamula explains how a study found the rate of deaths due to COVID-19 in 100 U.S. counties was most strongly correlated with lack of income; FBI Supervisory Special Agent Tim Wolford tells us how the agency is combatting "sextortion schemes," where an increasing number of teen boys are targeted; and officials worry about the cost of the upcoming election.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state’s Independent Regulatory Review Commission recently enacted regulations for charter schools and changes to wages for tipped workers, but leaders in Harrisburg are concerned the governor may be circumventing the legislative process with this body; a violence prevention program trained youth in Pittsburgh to be nonviolent community advocates; and artist and activist Lena Chen has a new art exhibit running through April 17.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Emails exposed through an ongoing lawsuit give insight to the close relationship between lobbyists for the state’s top-earning casino and a state legislator; a settlement between the State Police and ACLU means officers can no longer stop drivers for immigration enforcement or check immigration status; and North America’s longest-running exhibition of international art, Carnegie International, returns to Pittsburgh.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: State Rep. Mark Rozzi joins us to discuss the governor’s call on legislators to push forward a bill that would extend the statute of limitations for survivors of child sexual abuse; University of Pittsburgh associate professor Bria Walker directs ‘Emilia’, a retelling of the life of English poet Emilia Bassano, and discusses how this fits into the university’s goal to center people of color in the arts; and we’ll hear about opening day for the Pirates, and look at what we might expect from their season.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The opportunity to apply for emergency housing assistance from Allegheny County and Pittsburgh ends today; state laws allow some incarcerated people who become terminally ill to qualify for compassionate release, but Spotlight PA’s Danielle Ohl explains why that process has been called "broken"; and a nonprofit in Carrick is teaching teenagers how to use audio equipment and technology for a career in production.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Riverlife released a plan to complete a loop connecting the parks and trails along downtown’s riverfronts, at a cost of nearly a quarter billion dollars; former Pittsburgh Police Chief Robert McNeilly’s book shares insights into policing and his experiences leading the department following the consent decree with the U.S. Department of Justice; and a Pittsburgh artist works with the Mattress Factory to address inequities experienced by Black homeowners.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pittsburgh Mayor Ed Gainey campaigned on improving the city’s affordable housing market, but recent developments may make reaching those goals more difficult; how employers can look to neurodiverse adults to help fill vacancies; and the state’s looking to regulate PFAS, known as forever chemicals, in drinking water.

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On today's episode of The Confluence: WESA reporter Ariel Worthy catches us up on the investigation into the death of Jim Rogers, who died after being shocked by a Taser by Pittsburgh Police; we speak to the leader of Propel Schools, which operates 13 charter locations in Allegheny County, about the impact of new state charter school regulations; and we learn whether downtown Pittsburgh workers and visitors are returning to the area after the pandemic abruptly sent everyone home.

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What have you always wondered about Pittsburgh? WESA's Good Question! podcast investigates your curiosities about our city's history and culture.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We find out how some disciplinary hearings have been going since the Allegheny County of Port Authority’s vaccine mandate took effect for employees; a decade after a gunman opened fire at Western Psychiatric Hospital, we speak to the program manager of the County Office of Violence Prevention about how violence is a public health concern; and we preview a new podcast from WESA, inspired by a project to answer listeners' good questions.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Two years after the first COVID-19 related restrictions were announced, Allegheny County Executive Rich Fitzgerald reflects on what might have been done differently to mitigate risk in the county; a member of the Pittsburgh Brewers Guild tells us how, despite the pandemic, the region’s beer scene is expanding; and we learn about pickleball, a fairly new sport that’s gaining in local popularity.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A new state provision says health care providers can’t receive Medicaid funds from insurers if there has been a work stoppage at the facility in the last five years, unless workers have since unionized or there’s a “labor peace agreement"; the state Department of Conservation and Natural Resources wants to attract more people to the outdoors, and is targeting communities that have historically been excluded or lack resources to engage in outdoor activities; and we preview March Madness and look back on previous tournaments hosted in the city.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: An investigation by the Post-Gazette looks at why bridges in poor condition aren’t getting funds for repairs and upkeep at the same rate as bridges in better condition; the Three Rivers Arts Festival will no longer be held at Point State Park, it’s moving entirely to the Downtown Cultural District; and we hear how delays in distributing nursing licenses in the state are preventing qualified health care professionals from working on the front lines.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: WHYY education reporter Mallory Falk discusses the closing arguments in the trial over the constitutionality of Pennsylvania’s system for funding K-12 schools; Jada Shirriel, chief executive officer of Healthy Start, details the organization's plans for applying federal grants to address the region’s high Black infant mortality rate; and WITF reporter Rachel McDevitt gives a personal account of spending a week with an electric vehicle.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Pennsylvania legislators held budget hearings following Gov. Tom Wolf proposed a $43.7 billion dollar fiscal plan; Jewish Family and Community Services President and CEO on how the community is looking to support those fleeing Ukraine; and a local author discusses how different social classes are portrayed in novels written by Black women.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The Pittsburgh Task Force on Public Algorithms has published its report on how effective regional local governments’ uses of these systems has been, and what's needed to prevent harmful effects; Pennsylvania Department of Transportation has chosen the companies tasked with the design and construction of a new bridge to replace the collapsed Fern Hollow Bridge; and we speak to a professor of school psychology about how adults can help children navigate changing COVID-19 risk mitigation measures.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The executive director of A+ Schools, James Fogarty, weighs in on what can be learned from the results of the 2021 state basic education test scores, the first standardized tests after the start of the pandemic; researchers at Carnegie Mellon University found more than half of the COVID-19 exposures that occurred on public transit took place when buses exceeded capacity limits; and we speak to the creator of map that will help Pittsburghers decide where to enjoy their next fish fry during the season of Lent.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Spotlight PA reporter Jamie Martines explains how a lack of uniform health department coverage across the state impacts communities; the first cohort of Pittsburgh Food Equity Ambassadors has released their policy recommendations to support a just food system in the city; and the number of low-income families in Pennsylvania accessing subsidized child care has dropped since the start of the pandemic.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: A lawsuit being heard in Commonwealth Court next week may make public the financial records of centers offering alternatives to abortion; Steel Smiling has raised half a million dollars in its effort to give all Black Pittsburghers a positive mental health experience; and Pittsburgh-based author Angela Velez tells us about her new young-adult novel, “Lulu and Milagro’s Search for Clarity.”

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Timothy Tomson, a pastor at St. Mary's Ukrainian Orthodox Church in McKees Rocks, shares how his parish is feeling and reacting to Russia’s invasion; and Spotlight PA’s Ed Mahon explains his latest investigation into misleading and possibly dangerous claims some Pennsylvania dispensaries are making about the ability to treat opioid use disorder with cannabis.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state Supreme Court selected the map dictating the commonwealth’s congressional districts, but some lawmakers continue to argue the map is partisan; teachers are reaching a breaking point, after two years of teaching in a pandemic and instances of violence; and the founder of the Pittsburgh Labor Choir explains why singing is an important part of social justice movements.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Testimony from the defense has concluded in the trial over how Pennsylvania funds its education system; we speak to a researcher about the potential for more people to experience prolonged grief after losing loved ones to COVID-19; and a look at Mehmet Oz’s outsider campaign to become Pennsylvania’s Republican nominee for the U.S. Senate primary.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: The state’s Independent Fiscal Office wrote in a report about public education funding stating that there is “little or no correlation” between between funding and student test scores over the course of a single year, but some lawmakers are pushing back against that conclusion; a Pitt researcher asked local kin and foster parents about how the pandemic is affecting their children’s education; and as part of our Good Question Kid! series, we ask, why and how do hyenas eat bones?

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: WESA’s government and accountability editor Chris Potter explains why Pittsburgh City Council voted to give an additional raise to the police bureau’s 19 highest-ranking positions; lawmakers in Washington D.C. are considering regulations for congressional members and their families on buying and trading individual stocks; and a researcher on discussions of race and racism in everyday life.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: Gov. Tom Wolf joins the Confluence after proposing his final budget as the state’s executive, and discusses his other priorities for his last 10 months in office; and we hear how long-term care facilities are making efforts to recruit and retain nursing aides.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: SpotlightPA reporter Ed Mahon explains why the Justice Department alleged that eight Pennsylvania counties’ courts may have violated the Americans with Disabilities Act and how it applies to people with opioid use disorder; the executive director of the Mountain Watershed Association tells us why federal infrastructure funding could also help clean waterways that are polluted by abandoned mine runoff; and a look at how severe weather patterns are impacting local businesses.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: University of Pittsburgh law professor David Harris explains why the convening of a grand jury to investigate the death of Jim Rogers might uncover new information; a local pharmacy is cutting out the middleman to sell low-cost prescriptions to consumers without the use of health insurance; and we meet an Algerian human rights advocate and dissident who relocated to Pittsburgh last month after fleeing government persecution.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: WESA reporter Kiley Koscinski explains how the Allegheny County Jail lockdown, due to a spike in COVID-19 cases, may be violating the voter referendum to end the practice of solitary confinement; amid freezing temperatures, Pittsburgh Mercy’s winter shelter saw full capacity to keep unhoused individuals safe from the weather; and a look at the struggle local manufacturers are facing to maintain a full staff.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: We learn about what Gov. Tom Wolf is prioritizing in his final budget in office; an obstetric anesthesiologist is leading a clinic to support pregnant people through trauma-informed care and ultimately help with health outcomes; and a look at how some health care professionals are turning to lucrative jobs in travel nursing to deal with the stress and burnout of their jobs throughout the pandemic.

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: State legislative districts and congressional districts needed updating following the 2020 U.S. Census — where do these redistricting processes stand with the clock ticking as the May primary approaches?; a recent study looks at how people follow instructions after getting results from an at-home COVID test; and Mayor Ed Gainey promised an end to over-policing — a month in office, how will he proceed?

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On today’s episode of The Confluence: WESA development and transportation reporter Margaret J. Krauss explains how the Fern Hollow Bridge that collapsed was a “K-frame” bridge, 1 of only 6 such bridges in the state, and other contextual details about this structure; a Carnegie Mellon University professor will use the James Webb Space Telescope to investigate dark matter; and assessing the Penguins as they begin the unofficial second half of the NHL season.